WO2019091329A1 - 输送器 - Google Patents

输送器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019091329A1
WO2019091329A1 PCT/CN2018/113566 CN2018113566W WO2019091329A1 WO 2019091329 A1 WO2019091329 A1 WO 2019091329A1 CN 2018113566 W CN2018113566 W CN 2018113566W WO 2019091329 A1 WO2019091329 A1 WO 2019091329A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
block
guide rod
guide
button
sliding handle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/113566
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张军强
Original Assignee
先健科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201810837954.6A external-priority patent/CN109758279B/zh
Application filed by 先健科技(深圳)有限公司 filed Critical 先健科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority to EP18876082.1A priority Critical patent/EP3708130A4/en
Priority to US16/762,246 priority patent/US11596536B2/en
Publication of WO2019091329A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019091329A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/95—Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a conveyor having a release positioning lock function.
  • the stent graft refers to an artificial blood vessel that is adapted to the size of the blood vessel. It is mainly composed of a membrane and a stent supporting the membrane.
  • the membrane is generally made of polyester or e-PTFE membrane, and the support stent is mainly made of stainless steel wire or nickel titanium.
  • the wire is woven.
  • the stent is first compressed into the sheath lumen of the stent delivery device.
  • the blood vessel is punctured at the position of the femoral artery or the radial artery, the orbit is established by the guide wire, and the conveyor is passed through the radial artery-abdominal aorta.
  • the thoracic aorta-aortic arch-ascending aorta establishes a transport path, which is then transported to the designated location of the lesion, and then the stent is released; the stent is released and closed against the wall of the aneurysm, and the stent's membrane separates the blood flow from the lesion, thereby eliminating blood.
  • the impact of the flow on the aneurysm wall of the lesion site establishes a channel for normal blood circulation; finally, the guide wire and the conveyor are withdrawn to achieve interventional treatment of the aortic aneurysm and the arterial dissection.
  • the conveyor of the existing stent system generally consists of a TIP head, a sheath core tube, a push rod, a sheath tube, a handle, a sliding handle and the like.
  • a common stent release method is to deliver the stent to a pre-designated position of the hemangioma through a conveyor. Position and then retract the sheath for stent release until the stent is fully released.
  • the conveyor should be safely released with the stent to ensure that the stent is evenly and stably released during the release process, so that the stent can be gradually controlled during the release process, and the stent is prevented from being released.
  • the operator is unstable due to the unstable operation of the operator or the stent is unsuccessfully released.
  • a conveyor for conveying an implant comprising a handle, a guide rod and a sliding handle, the guiding rod being connected to the handle at one end and the sliding handle at the other end, the outer surface of the guiding rod being provided a first engaging structure spaced apart from each other along the axial direction of the guide rod, the conveyor further comprising a positioning locking device disposed in the sliding handle, the positioning locking device comprising a tooth block and an elastic member, the tooth a block is sleeved on the guiding rod and a second engaging structure is disposed on the block, the elastic member is engaged with the block to make the elastic member uncompressed or partially compressed, The first engagement structure engages with the second engagement structure, the implant is in a release lock state; and the implant is compressed when the elastic member is compressed until the first engagement structure and the second engagement structure are separated In a releasable state.
  • the block comprises a U-shaped support and a baffle connected to the open end of the support, and the second engagement structure of the block is disposed on the baffle a side of the inner side of the support; a first engagement structure of the guide rod surrounds the outer surface of the guide rod, or a first engagement structure of the guide rod is located on a portion of the outer surface of the guide rod.
  • the positioning and locking device further includes a guide sleeve, the guide sleeve is sleeved on a surface of the guide rod, and an opening is provided on a sidewall of the guide sleeve.
  • a guide rail is respectively disposed at two ends of the opening in the axial direction of the guide sleeve;
  • the baffle is provided with two opposite sliders, and the block is sleeved on the surface of the guide sleeve
  • the second engaging structure on the baffle corresponds to the opening, and the two sliders on the baffle respectively pass through the two guide rails of the guide sleeve.
  • the block comprises a U-shaped support and a baffle coupled to the open end of the support, and the second engagement structure of the block is disposed on an inner wall of the support
  • the first engagement structure of the guide rod surrounds the outer surface of the guide rod, or the first engagement structure of the guide rod is located on a portion of the outer surface of the guide rod.
  • the positioning and locking device further includes a guide sleeve, the guide sleeve is sleeved on a surface of the guide rod, and two opposite sides are disposed in an axial direction at a bottom of the guide sleeve a guide rail, and one or two openings are provided on a side wall of the guide sleeve; the baffle is provided with two opposite sliders, and the block is sleeved on the guide sleeve The second engaging structure on the support member corresponds to the opening, and the two sliders on the baffle respectively pass through the two guide rails of the guide sleeve.
  • the two ends of the guide sleeve are respectively provided with a first fixing member for connecting with the inner wall of the sliding handle.
  • the positioning and locking device further includes a button assembly
  • the button assembly includes a button and a button support, one end of the button support is coupled to the button, and the other end is coupled to the block The top is connected, or the other end is connected to the top of the block when the button assembly is depressed; when the button assembly is pressed, the elastic member is compressed.
  • the elastic member is disposed on the top of the inner portion of the sliding handle, the top of the inner portion of the sliding handle is provided with a horizontal plate, and the horizontal plate is provided with an opening, the button support member One end of the block is passed through the opening and connected to the block; the elastic member is sleeved on the outer circumference of the button support and located between the button and the horizontal plate.
  • the elastic member is disposed inside the sliding handle, and one end of the elastic member is coupled to the block, and the other end is coupled to an inner wall of the bottom of the sliding handle.
  • another elastic member is further disposed on the top of the inner portion of the sliding handle; the other elastic member is sleeved on the outer circumference of the button support, and is located at the button assembly and the tooth Between blocks.
  • the top end of the sliding handle is provided with an opening that passes through or fills the opening of the top end of the sliding handle.
  • the button assembly is provided with at least one second fixing member; when the button assembly is not pressed, the second fixing member and the inside of the opening of the sliding handle top end Edge resistance.
  • the plurality of first engagement structures spaced apart from each other along the axial direction of the guide rod are disposed parallel to each other and equally spaced.
  • the first engagement structure is perpendicular to an axial direction of the guide bar.
  • the guide bar has a sliding groove extending in an axial direction thereof, and the first engaging structure is located on an outer surface of the guide bar on both sides of the sliding groove.
  • the above conveyor adopts the positioning locking device of the above structure, and can release the binding force of the sliding handle to axially slide along the guide rod when the elastic member is compressed until the first engaging structure and the second engaging structure that are meshed together are separated, Further, the implant can be gradually released or recovered according to the axial sliding of the sliding handle; and when the elastic member is reset, the first engaging structure and the second engaging structure are engaged to lock the sliding handle, thereby making the implant The release was suspended.
  • the conveyor has a release positioning lock function that allows the implant to be safely and effectively gradually released and locked in time.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conveyor of Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a guide rod of the conveyor of Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a positioning locking device of the conveyor of Embodiment 1;
  • FIGS. 4(a) to 4(b) are schematic views showing the structure of the positioning and locking device in the sliding handle in the carrier of the first embodiment
  • 4(c)-4(d) is a schematic view showing the structure of the positioning locking device in the sliding handle in the conveyor of the first embodiment
  • Figure 5 (a) is a schematic structural view of a support member of the block of the conveyor of Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 5 (b) is a schematic structural view of the baffle of the block of the conveyor of Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 6 (a) is a schematic structural view of a guide sleeve of the conveyor of Embodiment 2;
  • Figure 6 (b) is a schematic structural view of the baffle of the conveyor of Embodiment 2;
  • Figure 6 (c) is a schematic view showing the connection of the guide sleeve of the conveyor of the embodiment 2 and the positioning locking device;
  • Figure 7 (a) is a schematic structural view of a support member of a conveyor block of Embodiment 3 in which a support member of a second engagement structure is disposed on both the left side and the right side;
  • Figure 7 (b) is a schematic structural view of the baffle of the block of the conveyor of Embodiment 3;
  • Figure 7 (c) is a schematic view showing the structure of the support member of the conveyor of the embodiment 3 in which the second engaging structure is provided on one side;
  • Figure 9 (a) is a schematic view showing the engagement of the first engaging structure and the second engaging structure in the conveyor of Embodiment 3;
  • Figure 9 (b) is a schematic view showing the separation of the first engaging structure and the second engaging structure in the conveyor of Embodiment 3;
  • FIGS. 10(a) to 10(b) are schematic views showing the structure of the positioning and locking device in the sliding handle in the carrier of the third embodiment
  • 10(c)-10(d) is a schematic view showing the structure of the positioning locking device in the sliding handle in the conveyor of the embodiment 3;
  • Figure 11 (a) is a schematic structural view of a guide sleeve of the conveyor of Embodiment 4.
  • Figure 11 (b) is a schematic structural view of the baffle of the block of the conveyor of Embodiment 4.
  • Figure 11 (c) is a schematic view showing the connection of the guide sleeve of the conveyor of the embodiment 4 and the positioning locking device;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of a button of the conveyor of Embodiment 5;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural view of a button of the conveyor of Embodiment 7;
  • Figure 14 (a) is a front cross-sectional view of the slide handle of the embodiment 8 in a positionally locked state
  • Figure 14 (b) is a side cross-sectional view of the slide handle of the embodiment 8 in the unlocked state
  • Figure 15 (a) is a front cross-sectional view of the sliding handle of the conveyor of the embodiment 9 in a positionally locked state;
  • Fig. 15 (b) is a front cross-sectional view showing the slide handle of the ninth embodiment of the conveyor in an unlocked state.
  • the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
  • the end of the conveyor that is closest to the operator is defined as the proximal end
  • the end of the conveyor that is furthest from the operator is the distal end.
  • the proximal and distal ends of the various components in the conveyor are defined in accordance with this principle.
  • the conveyor of the present invention can be used for, but is not limited to, the delivery of an interventional implant such as a stent or an occluder.
  • the structure and function of the conveyor of the present invention will be described in detail by taking a stent as an example.
  • the stent involved in the present invention is a stent graft, and the stent graft refers to a structure in which the surface of the bare stent is covered with a thin film, and the bare stent refers to a structure including a plurality of corrugated rings and no film between the corrugated rings.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conveyor 100 according to an embodiment.
  • the conveyor 100 includes a sheath core tube 12, a push rod 13, a sheath tube 14, a guide rod 16 and a tip end 11 disposed at a distal end end of the sheath core tube 12, which are coaxially sleeved from the inside to the outside, and further includes a guide A handle 15 connected to the distal end of the rod 16 , a slide handle 18 sleeved on the guide rod 16 , and a positioning locking device 17 at least partially received inside the slide handle 18 .
  • the tip 11 and the sheath core tube 12 are both centrally cavities, the tip 11 can be a TIP head, and the tip 11 is integrally formed with the distal end of the sheath core tube 12 as a passage for the guide wire to ensure wear.
  • the guidewire delivery device 100 is able to smoothly enter the blood vessel under the guidance of the guide wire.
  • the push rod 13 is a tubular member, the proximal end of the push rod 13 is fixedly coupled to the proximal end of the sheath core tube 12, and the inner diameter of the push rod 13 is larger than the outer diameter of the sheath core tube 12. When the sheath core tube 12 is axially slid, the push rod 13 slides together with the sheath core tube 12.
  • the sheath tube 14 is a member that is fitted over the outer edge of the push rod 13 and that is axially slidable relative to the push rod 13.
  • the sheath tube 14 When the distal end of the sheath tube 14 is in contact with the proximal end of the tip 11, the sheath tube 14, the sheath core tube 12 and the distal end surface of the push rod 13 cooperate to form a space for accommodating the stent, and the stent (not shown) is near The end abuts against the distal end surface of the push rod 13, and the distal end surface of the push rod 13 acts to limit the axial movement of the bracket during the release of the bracket.
  • the slide handle 18 Since the distal end of the guide rod 16 is fixedly coupled to the proximal end of the handle 15 and the slide handle 18 extends through the guide rod 16 at the proximal end of the guide rod 16, the slide handle 18 is axially movable relative to the handle 15 along the guide rod 16. .
  • the sliding handle 18 When the sliding handle 18 is closed toward the handle 15, a portion of the sheath tube 12 is exposed outside the push rod 13 between the push rod 13 and the end 11, and the exposed length is the effective length after the bracket is compressed, that is, the sliding handle 18 is facing The maximum distance to move away from the direction of the handle 15.
  • the sliding handle 18 When the sliding handle 18 is pulled toward the proximal end, the sheath 14 is withdrawn and the stent loses the constraint of the sheath 14 and is thereby released.
  • the handle 15 is a housing structure and is a fixed component in the conveyor 100 for the purpose of facilitating the doctor's grip during clinical operation so that the conveyor 100 as a whole is in a stable state.
  • the sheath core tube 12 and the push rod 13 extend through the handle 15 and the slide handle 18.
  • the guide rod 16 is a guiding mechanism for axially releasing the bracket, the distal end of which is fixed in the handle 15 and the proximal end is passed out from the sliding handle 18.
  • the sliding handle 18 is sleeved over the guide rod 16 and is integral with the proximal end of the sheath 14. Specifically, the proximal end of the sheath 14 is secured within the sliding handle 18 and its distal end is threaded out of the handle 15.
  • the sliding of the sliding handle 18 along the axial direction of the guiding rod 16 can drive the sheath 14 to slide, thereby achieving the release of the stent by the withdrawal of the sheath 14.
  • the outer surface of the guiding rod 16 is provided with a plurality of first engaging structures 162 axially spaced apart from each other along the guiding rod 16, and the inside of the guiding rod 16 is a cavity, preferably at the guiding rod 16.
  • the outer surface is provided with at least one sliding groove 161 extending axially along the guide rod 16, and the sliding groove 161 is in communication with the cavity inside the guiding rod 16.
  • the first engaging structure 162 is located on the outer surface of the guide bar 16 on both sides of the chute 161.
  • the plurality of first engaging structures 162 provided on the outer surface of the guide bar 16 are disposed parallel to each other and equally spaced.
  • the first engagement structure 162 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide bar 16.
  • the first engaging structure 162 may be a toothed structure or other structure capable of engaging.
  • the sliding handle 18 is connected to the proximal end of the sheath 14 through a connecting member (not shown) disposed in the sliding slot 161.
  • the positioning locking device 17 can be entirely disposed inside the sliding handle 18, or can be partially disposed on the sliding handle 18. internal.
  • the top end of the sliding handle 18 is provided with an opening at which the top end of the positioning locking device 17 can protrude, as shown in FIG.
  • the opening may be covered by a layer of flexible film on the sliding handle, and the size of the flexible film is adapted to the size of the opening, at which point the positioning locking device 17 is considered to be all placed on the sliding handle 18 internal.
  • the positioning and locking device 17 includes a button assembly 171, a block 172 and an elastic member 173, and the block 172 is sleeved on the outer side of the guide rod 16, and the elastic member 173 is disposed inside the slide handle 18.
  • One end of the elastic member 173 is connected to the block 172, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the slide handle 18.
  • the inside of the block 172 is provided with at least one second engaging structure 1721 (please refer to FIG. 4(a)).
  • the positioning locking device 17 is configured to drive the block 172 to compress the elastic member 173 when the button assembly 171 is pressed, so that the first engaging structure 162 of the engaged guiding rod 16 is separated from the second engaging structure 1721 of the block 172.
  • the elastic member 173 is returned to act on the block 172, so that the first engaging structure 162 of the guiding rod 16 and the block 172
  • the second engagement structure 1721 is engaged to effect positioning locking of the sliding handle 18.
  • one end of the elastic member 173 is connected to the bottom of the block 172, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the slide handle 18, and the connection manner is not limited.
  • the button assembly 171 when the button assembly 171 is not pressed, the second engaging structure 1721 on the block 172 and the guide rod 16 are supported by the elastic member 173.
  • the first engaging structure 162 is meshed together.
  • the axial movement of the sliding handle 18 is restrained by the engagement, that is, the sliding handle 18 cannot slide axially along the guiding rod 16, thereby realizing the bracket. Positioning lock of the current release state.
  • the button assembly 171 when the button assembly 171 is pressed, the button assembly 171 pushes the block 172 to the bottom of the sliding handle 18 under the action of the pressing force, thereby compressing the elastic member. 173.
  • the second engaging structure 1721 on the block 172 is moved away from the first engaging structure 162 on the guide rod 16 until the first engaging structure 162 is completely disengaged from the second engaging structure 1721, and the sliding handle 18 is slid.
  • the axial movement restraint is released, that is, the sliding handle 18 can be axially slid along the guide rod 16, thereby achieving a gradual release of the bracket.
  • the block 172 includes a U-shaped support member 1722 and a baffle 1723 connected to the open end of the support member 1722, and the second block 172 is second.
  • the engaging structure 1721 is disposed on a side of the baffle 1723 toward the inner side of the support member 1722; the first engaging structure 162 of the guide rod 16 surrounds the outer surface of the guide rod 16, or the first engaging structure 162 of the guide rod 16 is located at the portion of the guide rod 16 On the outer surface.
  • the first engagement structure 162 of the guide rod 16 is located on the outer surface of both sides of one of the guide grooves 161, and the length of the first engagement structure 162 of the guide rod 16 and the second engagement structure 1721 of the block 172 The length is adapted.
  • the baffle 1723 is preferably of a square configuration.
  • the support member 1722 can also be an arc having the same opening length as the baffle 1723 in FIG. 5(b), and the opening and the top distance are the same as the opening and the top distance of the support member 1722 in FIG. 5(a). structure.
  • the baffle 1723 may also be a circular arc body having a certain degree of curvature at both ends and a length corresponding to the opening size of the support member 1722.
  • the second engaging structure 1721 on the block 172 may be provided in plurality according to the length or width of the block 172, and a plurality of teeth 17211 on the second engaging structure 1721 may be provided. Referring to FIG. 5( a ) to FIG.
  • connection manner of the support member 1722 and the baffle 1723 can be a structural fixed connection, a bolt connection, a metal welding, a glue connection, etc., in addition to the snap connection. , the connection method is not limited.
  • the positioning locking device 17 of the above configuration can be used to drive the block 172 to compress the elastic member 173 when the button assembly 171 is pressed, so that the first block 172 is engaged.
  • the two engaging structures 1721 are separated from the first engaging structure 162 on the guiding rod 16, thereby releasing the binding force of the sliding handle 18 to axially slide along the guiding rod 16, thereby enabling the bracket to be gradually released according to the axial sliding of the sliding handle 18.
  • the button assembly 171 can be omitted, and the support member 1722 of the block 172 can at least partially protrude from the slide handle 18, and the elastic member 173 can be compressed or reset by pressing or releasing the support member 1722.
  • Embodiment 2 is different from Embodiment 1 in that the positioning locking device 17 in Embodiment 2 further includes a guide sleeve 174 which is hollow inside and has both ends open (as shown in FIG. 6( a )), and the baffle 1723 There are two opposite sliders 1724 (shown in Figure 6(b)).
  • the guide sleeve 174 is sleeved on the surface of the guide rod 16, and the side wall of the guide rod sleeve 174 is provided with an opening 1742 along the opening 1742.
  • a guide rail 1743 is respectively disposed at two ends of the guide sleeve 174 in the axial direction; the block 172 is sleeved on the surface of the guide sleeve 174, and the second engaging structure 1721 on the baffle 1723 is corresponding to the opening 1742 of the guide sleeve 174.
  • the second engagement structure 1721 can be passed through the aperture 1742 to engage the first engagement structure 162 of the guide bar 16.
  • Two sliders 1724 on the baffle 1723 pass through the two rails 1743 of the guide sleeve 174, respectively.
  • a first fixing member 1741 for fixedly connecting with the inner wall of the sliding handle 18 is respectively disposed at the opening ends of the guiding rod sleeve 174.
  • the first fixing member 1741 can be omitted, and a connecting structure capable of connecting with the inner wall of the sliding handle 18 can be provided at other portions of the surface of the guiding rod sleeve 174.
  • the guide sleeve 174 is a member that can be fitted over the outer surface of the guide rod 16 and can slide axially synchronously along the guide rod 16 with the slide handle 18, wherein inside the slide handle 18, two of the guide rod sleeve 174
  • the first fixing members 1741 are fixedly connected to the proximal end and the distal end of the sliding handle 18, respectively.
  • the opening 1742 of the guide sleeve 174 enables at least one first engagement structure 162 on the surface of the guide rod 16 to appear in the opening 1742, and enables the second engagement structure 1721 on the block 172 when the button assembly 171 is not pressed. Through the opening 1742 and engaging the first engagement structure 162 on the guide rod 16.
  • the length and width of the opening 1742 can depend on the area occupied by all of the second engagement structures 1721 on the baffle 1723.
  • the shape of the slider 1724 is preferably a square shape, and may also be a cylindrical shape or the like, and its shape and volume are determined according to the shape and size of the housing space of the guide rail 1743.
  • the opposite side of the two guide rails 1743 is an opening. Further, it is also possible to provide an opening on the two guide rails 1743 which faces outward in the radial direction of the guide sleeve 174, as shown in the opening of the guide rail in Fig. 6(a).
  • the function of the guide rail 1743 is to slide the two sliders 1724 of the block 172 along the two guide rails 1743, respectively, so that the second engaging structure 1721 on the block 172 can smoothly mesh with the first engagement on the guide bar 16. Structure 162 is engaged or disengaged.
  • a guide sleeve 174 is added to the positioning locking device 17, so that other components in the positioning locking device 17 are more fixed under the cooperation of the guide sleeve 174, and are less likely to occur when moving. Both of them are offset and can be stably slid with the slide sleeve 174 together with the guide sleeve 174, thereby ensuring the stability of the stent release.
  • Embodiment 3 is different from Embodiment 1 in that the tooth block 175 included in the conveyor of Embodiment 3 is different from the tooth block 172 in Embodiment 1, and accordingly, the first on the guide rod 16 in this embodiment.
  • the engaging structure 163 is different from the first engaging structure 162 in Embodiment 1.
  • the tooth block 175 of the present embodiment is a substantially hollow rectangular parallelepiped, and includes a U-shaped support member 1751 and a baffle 1752 connected to the open end of the support member 1751.
  • the support member 1751 includes a bottom plate and two side plates respectively connected to both ends of the bottom plate.
  • the second engaging structure 1753 of the block 175 is provided on the inner side walls of the two side plates of the support member 1751 or only on the inner side wall of one of the side plates.
  • the plurality of first engaging structures 163 of the guide rod 16 are circumferentially surrounding the outer surface of the guide rod 16, and the plurality of first engaging structures 163 are engaged with the plurality of second engaging structures 1753 on the two side plates of the support member 1751.
  • the first engagement structure 163 of the guide bar 16 is located only on a portion of the outer surface of the guide bar 16, and the first engagement structure 163 is engaged with the second engagement structure 1753 on one of the side plates of the support member 1751.
  • FIG. 7(c) is a structural schematic view of the second engaging structure 1753 of the block 175 being disposed only on one of the side plates of the support member 1751.
  • the support member 1751 can also be an arc having the same length as the length of the baffle 1752 in FIG. 7(b), and the opening and the top distance are the same as the opening and the top distance of the support member 1751 in FIG. 7(a). structure.
  • the baffle 1752 may also be a circular arc body having a certain degree of curvature at both ends and a length corresponding to the opening size of the support member 1751.
  • the second engaging structure 1753 on the block 175 can be disposed in plurality according to the length or width of the block 175, and the teeth (not shown) on the second engaging structure 1753 can be set to be two in size and adjacent to the guide bar 16.
  • the gap of the first engaging structure 163 is a structure such as a rectangular parallelepiped or a cylinder.
  • the connection manner of the support member 1751 and the baffle 1752 may be a structural fixed connection, a bolt connection, a metal welding, a glue connection, a snap connection, etc., and the connection manner is not limited. It can be understood that the main structure of the block 175 can be set as a solid structure or a hollow structure.
  • the positioning and locking device 17 includes a button assembly 171, a block 175 sleeved on the outside of the guide rod 16, and an elastic member 173 disposed at the bottom of the block 175, wherein the block 175 is internally At least one second engagement structure 1753 is provided (please refer to FIG. 7(a)).
  • the positioning locking device 17 is configured to drive the block 175 to compress the elastic member 173 when the button assembly 171 is depressed, so that the first engaging structure 163 of the meshing guide rod 16 is separated from the second engaging structure 1753 of the block 175.
  • FIG. 9(a) to Fig. 9(b) are schematic diagrams showing the engagement and separation of the first engaging structure 163 and the second engaging structure 1753, respectively.
  • One end of the elastic member 173 is connected to the bottom of the block 175, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the slide handle 18, and the connection manner is not limited.
  • FIG. 10(a) to FIG. 10(b) when the button assembly 171 is not pressed, under the support of the elastic member 173, the second engaging structure 1753 on the block 175 and the first on the guide rod 16 An engagement structure 163 is engaged with each other. At this time, the axial movement of the sliding handle 18 is restrained by the engagement, that is, the sliding handle 18 cannot slide axially along the guide rod 16, thereby realizing the current release of the bracket. The positioning of the state is locked. Referring to FIGS.
  • At least one second engaging structure 1753 can be disposed only on one of the side plates of the support member 1751 of the block 175. Accordingly, the first engaging structure 163 of the guide bar 16 needs to be disposed on the guide bar 16 and supported. The side of the piece 1751 where the side plates are in contact.
  • the positioning locking device 17 of the above configuration can be used to drive the block 175 to compress the elastic member 173 when the button assembly 171 is pressed, so that the second block 175 is originally engaged.
  • the engaging structure 1753 is separated from the first engaging structure 163 on the guide rod 16, thereby releasing the binding force of the sliding handle 18 to axially slide along the guiding rod 16, thereby enabling the bracket to be gradually released according to the axial sliding of the sliding handle 18 or Recycling; and when the button assembly 171 is released, the carriage block 175 is moved toward the button assembly 171 by the return of the elastic member 173, so that the second engagement structure 1753 on the block 175 and the guide rod 16
  • the first engagement structure 163 is restored to the engaged state, thereby causing a restraining force to slide the slide handle 18 axially along the guide rod 16, that is, the slide handle 18 is locked at the current position, thereby causing the release of the bracket to be suspended.
  • the second engaging structure 1753 is disposed on both side plates of the supporting member 1751.
  • the positioning locking device 17 of the embodiment 4 further includes an inner hollow and two The end of the guide rod sleeve 176 (as shown in Figure 11 (a)), the baffle 1752 is provided with two opposite sliders 1754 (as shown in Figure 11 (b)); please refer to Figure 11 (a 11(c), the guide sleeve 176 is sleeved on the surface of the guide rod 16, and two at the bottom of the guide sleeve 176 (ie, the end of the guide sleeve 176 opposite to the baffle 1752) are provided in the axial direction.
  • Opposite guide rails 1762, and one or two openings 1763 are provided in the side walls of the guide sleeve 176, preferably on the side walls of the guide sleeve 176 perpendicular to the plane of the two opposite guide rails 1762
  • the two ends of the guide sleeve 176 are respectively provided with a first fixing member 1761 for fixedly connecting with the inner wall of the sliding handle 18.
  • the guide sleeve 176 is a member that can be sleeved outside the guide rod 16 and can slide axially synchronously along the guide rod 16 with the slide handle 18, wherein the two first fixing members 1761 of the guide rod sleeve 176 are respectively slidably The proximal end and the distal end of the handle 18 are fixedly coupled.
  • the opening 1763 of the guide sleeve 176 enables at least one first engagement structure 163 on the surface of the guide rod 16 to appear in the opening 1763, and enables the second engagement structure 1753 on the block 175 when the button assembly 171 is not pressed. It passes through the opening 1763 and engages with the first engagement structure 163 on the guide bar 16.
  • the length and width of the opening 1763 may depend on the area occupied by all of the second engagement structures 1753 on the support member 1751.
  • the side walls of the guide rod sleeve 176 are correspondingly provided with two opening holes 1763; and only one side plate of the support member 1751 is provided with the second side plate
  • the side walls of the guide sleeve 176 are correspondingly provided with only one opening 1763.
  • the shape of the slider 1754 is preferably a square shape, and may also be a cylindrical shape or the like, and its shape and volume are determined according to the shape and size of the housing space of the guide rail 1762.
  • the opposite side of the two guide rails 1762 is an opening. Further, an opening on the two guide rails 1762 along the radially outward direction of the guide sleeve 176 may be provided as shown in Fig. 11(a).
  • the function of the guide rail 1762 is to slide the two sliders 1754 of the block 175 along the two guide rails 1762, respectively, so that the second engagement structure 1753 on the block 175 can smoothly mesh with the first engagement on the guide bar 16. Structure 163 is engaged or disengaged.
  • a guide sleeve 176 is added to the positioning locking device 17, so that the other components in the positioning locking device 17 are more fixed under the cooperation of the guide sleeve 176, and are less likely to occur when moving. Both of them are offset and can be stably slid with the sliding handle by the guide sleeve 176, thereby ensuring the stability of the stent release.
  • the button assembly 171 of the conveyor includes a button 1711 and a button support member 1712.
  • One end of the button support member 1712 is coupled to the button 1711, and the other end is coupled to the block 172 (or the block 175).
  • the top of the connection, or the other end is connected to the top of the block 172 (or the block 175) when the button assembly 171 is depressed, and the button support 1712 is used to drive the block 172 when the button assembly 171 is depressed (or The block 175) compresses the elastic member 173.
  • the inside of the button 1711 is hollow, and the button support 1712 is disposed in the middle of the inner wall of the button 1711.
  • One end of the button support member 1712 is fixedly coupled to the inner wall of the button 1711, and the other end of the button support member 1712 is fixedly coupled to the block 172 (or the block 175).
  • the button support member 1712 may have a cylindrical shape or a rectangular parallelepiped structure.
  • the top end of the slide handle 18 is provided with an opening through which the button 1711 passes or fills the opening of the top end of the slide handle 18.
  • An opening having a size just enough to accommodate the button 1711 is provided at the top end of the slide handle 18, and the button 1711 can pass through the opening from the inside of the slide handle 18 and partially protrude outside the slide handle 18, or the button 1711 can be filled upward from the inside of the slide handle 18.
  • the opening is such that the top of the button 1711 can be flush with the opening.
  • the advantage of providing such an opening at the top of the sliding handle 18 is that the operator can clearly recognize the button assembly 171 and positionally lock the sliding handle 18 through the button assembly 171 to achieve stepwise release or timely locking of the bracket. stop.
  • At least one second fixing member 1713 is provided at the inner edge of the button 1711, and when the button assembly 171 is not pressed, the second fixing member 1713 and the opening of the top end of the sliding handle 18 are provided.
  • the inner side edge abuts (as shown in Figure 10(b)) to prevent the button assembly 171 from slipping out of the opening of the sliding handle 18.
  • the second fixing member 1713 is separated from the inner edge of the opening of the top end of the slide handle 18 (as shown in Fig. 10(d)).
  • another elastic member 177 is further disposed on the top of the inner portion of the slide handle 18; the elastic member 177 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the button support member 1712, and is located at the button assembly 171 and the block 172 (or the block 175). between.
  • the elastic member 173 and the elastic member 177 are both springs.
  • the button support member 1712 there is a certain gap between the button support member 1712 and the block 172 (or the block 175), and the gap distance is smaller than the pressing stroke of the button assembly 171.
  • the elastic member 177 When the button assembly 171 is depressed, the elastic member 177 is compressed. At this time, the length of the button support 1712 is greater than or equal to the current length of the elastic member 177, such that the button support 1712 and the block 172 (or the block 175) The top contacts, thereby causing the block 172 (or the block 175) to compress the resilient member 173.
  • the button support 1712 can be separated from the block 172 (or the block 175) under the support of the resilient member 177.
  • a horizontal plate 181 may be disposed on the sliding handle 18, and both ends of the horizontal plate 181 are fixedly connected to the sliding handle 18, respectively, in the middle of the horizontal plate 181.
  • An opening (not shown) is provided at the position, and a protruding portion (not shown) is respectively disposed at both ends of the opening toward the button assembly 171.
  • the button support member 1712 can be in contact with the block 172 through an opening in the middle of the cross plate 181.
  • One end of the elastic member 177 is fitted over the button support member 1712, and the other end is sleeved on the protruding portion of the cross plate 181.
  • the elastic member 173 of the positioning locking device 17 (not shown) in the embodiment 9 is provided on the top of the inner portion of the sliding handle 18, and the top of the inner portion of the sliding handle 18 is provided.
  • One end of the button support member 1712 adjacent to the block 175 passes through the opening and is fixedly connected with the block 175; the elastic member 173 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the button support 1712, and Located between the button 1711 and the horizontal plate 181.
  • a protruding portion (not shown) is respectively provided at both ends of the opening of the horizontal plate 181 toward the direction of the button 1711.
  • the button support 1712 is fixedly coupled to the block 175, when the button assembly 171 (not shown) is pressed, the elastic member 173 is compressed, and the button assembly 171 drives the block 175 toward the bottom of the slide handle 18 (ie, The block 175 moves downward.
  • the bracket is in a releasable state, and the sliding handle 18 is axially movable along the guiding rod 16;
  • the button assembly 171 is released, the elastic member 173 is returned and the button assembly 171 is moved toward the top of the sliding handle 18 (ie, the block 175 is moved upward), and the button assembly 171 drives the block 175 to move upward when the block 175 moves upward.
  • the bracket is in the release lock state, and the slide handle 18 cannot be axially moved along the guide rod 16.
  • block 175 in the embodiment 9 can also be replaced with the block 172 in the above embodiment. Accordingly, other components of the positioning and locking device 17 that cooperate with the block 172 can be referred to in the above embodiment. , will not repeat them here.

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Abstract

一种输送器（100），用于输送植入物，包括把手（15）、导杆（16）和滑动手柄（18），导杆（16）一端与把手（15）相连，另一端贯穿滑动手柄（18），导杆（16）的外表面设有多个沿导杆（16）轴向相互隔开的第一啮合结构（162），输送器（100）还包括设于滑动手柄（18）内的定位锁止装置（17），定位锁止装置（17）包括牙块（172）和弹性部件（173），牙块（172）套设于导杆（16）上且牙块（172）上设置有第二啮合结构（1721），弹性部件（173）与牙块（172）配合以使弹性部件（173）在未被压缩或被部分压缩时，第一啮合结构（162）和第二啮合结构（1721）啮合，植入物处于释放锁止状态；且在弹性部件（173）被压缩直至第一啮合结构（162）和第二啮合结构（1721）分离时，植入物处于可释放状态。输送器（100）通过对滑动手柄（18）的定位锁止和解锁，实现植入物的逐步释放和锁止。

Description

输送器 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，尤其涉及一种具有释放定位锁止功能的输送器。
背景技术
近年来，对于心血管疾病采用介入性治疗方式已成为治愈患者的重要手段。介入性植入物分为支架、封堵器等植入人体或动物体内的小型医疗器械。以支架为例，随着医疗领域介入技术的不断发展，采用覆膜支架治疗主动脉瘤和动脉夹层疾病的优势日益突出。覆膜支架是指与血管大小相适应的人工血管，它主要由覆膜和支撑覆膜的支架组成，覆膜一般是由涤纶或e-PTFE膜制成，支撑支架主要由不锈钢丝或镍钛合金丝编织而成。覆膜支架在使用过程是先将支架压缩进支架输送器的鞘管腔体内，一般选择在股动脉或髂动脉位置穿刺血管，利用导丝建立轨道，将输送器经髂动脉-腹主动脉-胸主动脉-主动脉弓-升主动脉建立输送路径，进而输送到病变指定位置，然后释放支架；支架释放打开后紧贴动脉瘤管壁，支架的覆膜将血流和病变部位隔绝，从而消除血流对病变部位动脉瘤壁的冲击，建立起血液正常循环的通道；最后，撤出导丝和输送器，实现对主动脉瘤和动脉夹层的介入治疗。
现有支架系统的输送器一般由TIP头、鞘芯管、推杆、鞘管、把手、滑动手柄等部件组成，常见的支架释放方式是先通过输送器将支架输送到血管瘤的预指定位置进行定位，然后回撤鞘管进行支架释放，直到支架完全释放打开。然而，在对血管瘤的预指定位置进行定位后，输送器应该配合支架进行安全释放，以保证支架在释放过程中均速、稳定，使支架在释放过程中实现逐步可控，避免支架在释放过程中因操作者操作不稳定而产生移位或者是支架释放失败的现象。
同时，对于要在患者身上同时植入多个支架的临床，需要在某一个支架部分释放后停下来再对另一个支架进行操作。这样就需要一个在支架释放过程中能够对支架释放进行有效锁止控制的装置，以使支架在释放过程中可以实现逐步释放，同时在支架部分释放打开后可以对支架的释放进行定位锁止并保持释放暂停状态，且在定位锁止过程中整个支架系统保持安全有效状态，待支架释放定位锁止解锁后，支架同样可以安全有效地进行逐步释放，即支架未释放部分仍可以继续释放打开。
发明内容
基于此，有必要针对介入性植入物在释放过程中的需要进行定位锁止的问题提供一种具有释放定位锁止功能的输送器。
一种输送器，用于输送植入物，包括把手、导杆和滑动手柄，所述导杆一端与所述把手相连，另一端贯穿所述滑动手柄，所述导杆的外表面设有多个沿导杆轴向相互隔开的第一啮合结构，所述输送器还包括设于所述滑动手柄内的定位锁止装置，所述定位锁止装置包括牙块和弹性部件，所述牙块套设于所述导杆上且所述牙块上设置有第二啮合结构，所述弹性部件与所述牙块配合以使所述弹性部件在未被压缩或被部分压缩时，所述第一啮合结构和所述第二啮合结构啮合，植入物处于释放锁止状态；且在所述弹性部件被压缩直至所述第一啮合结构和所述第二啮合结构分离时，植入物处于可释放状态。
在其中一个实施例中，所述牙块包括U型的支撑件及与所述支撑件的开口端连接的挡板，且所述牙块的第二啮合结构设于所述挡板上朝向所述支撑件内侧的一面；所述导杆的第一啮合结构围绕所述导杆外表面一周，或者所述导杆的第一啮合结构位于所述导杆的部分外表面上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述定位锁止装置还包括导杆套，所述导杆套套设于所述导杆的表面，且所述导杆套的侧壁上设有一个开孔，在所述开孔沿所述导杆套轴向方向的两端分别开设有一个导轨；所述挡板上设有两个相对的滑块，所述牙块套设于所述导杆套的表面，所述挡板上的第二啮合结构对应所述开孔，且所述挡板上的两个滑块分别穿过所述导杆套的两个导轨。
在其中一个实施例中，所述牙块包括U型的支撑件及与所述支撑件的开口端连接的挡板，且所述牙块的第二啮合结构设于所述支撑件的内壁上；所述导杆的第一啮合结构围绕所述导杆外表面一周，或者所述导杆的第一啮合结构位于所述导杆的部分外表面上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述定位锁止装置还包括导杆套，所述导杆套套设于所述导杆的表面，在所述导杆套的底部沿轴向方向设有两个相对的导轨，且在所述导杆套的侧壁上设有一个或两个开孔；所述挡板上设有两个相对的滑块，所述牙块套设于所述导杆套的表面，所述支撑件上的第二啮合结构对应所述开孔，且所述挡板上的两个滑块分别穿过所述导杆套的两个导轨。
在其中一个实施例中，所述导杆套的两端分别设有一个用于与所述滑动手柄的内壁连接的第一固定件。
在其中一个实施例中，所述定位锁止装置还包括按键组件，所述按键组件包括按键和按键支撑件，所述按键支撑件的一端与所述按键连接，另一端与所述牙块的顶部连接，或者另一端在所述按键组件被按下时与所述牙块的顶部连接；所述按键组件被按下时，所述弹性部件被压缩。
在其中一个实施例中，所述弹性部件设于所述滑动手柄的内部的顶部，所述滑动手柄的内部的顶部设有一横板，且所述横板上设有一开口，所述按键支撑件的靠近所述牙块的一端穿过所述开口并与所述牙块连接；所述弹性部件套在所述按键支撑件的外周，且位于所述按键与所述横板之间。
在其中一个实施例中，所述弹性部件设于所述滑动手柄的内部，且所述弹性部件的一端与所述牙块连接，另一端与所述滑动手柄的底部的内壁连接。
在其中一个实施例中，在所述滑动手柄的内部的顶部还设有另一个弹性部件；所述另一个弹性部件套在所述按键支撑件的外周，且位于所述按键组件与所述牙块之间。
在其中一个实施例中，所述滑动手柄的顶端设有一开口，所述按键穿过或填充所述滑动手柄顶端的所述开口。
在其中一个实施例中，所述按键组件上设有至少一个第二固定件；在所述按键组件未被按下时，所述第二固定件与所述滑动手柄顶端的所述开口的内侧 边缘抵持。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多个沿导杆轴向相互隔开的第一啮合结构相互平行且等间距设置。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一啮合结构与所述导杆的轴向方向垂直。
在其中一个实施例中，所述导杆具有沿其轴向延伸的滑槽，且所述第一啮合结构位于所述滑槽两侧的导杆外表面上。
上述输送器，采用上述结构的定位锁止装置，能够在弹性部件被压缩直至啮合在一起的第一啮合结构和第二啮合结构分离时，解除滑动手柄沿导杆进行轴向滑动的约束力，进而使得植入物能够根据滑动手柄的轴向滑动进行逐步释放或回收；且在弹性部件复位时，使第一啮合结构和第二啮合结构啮合而使滑动手柄被锁止，进而使植入物的释放被暂停。因此，该输送器具有释放定位锁止功能，使得植入物可以安全有效地逐步释放和及时锁止。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的输送器的结构示意图；
图2为实施例1的输送器的导杆的结构示意图；
图3为实施例1的输送器的定位锁止装置的结构示意图；
图4(a)-图4(b)为实施例1的输送器中，支架处于定位锁止状态下定位锁止装置在滑动手柄内的结构示意图；
图4(c)-图4(d)为实施例1的输送器中，支架处于释放解锁状态下定位锁止装置在滑动手柄内的的结构示意图；
图5(a)为实施例1的输送器的牙块的支撑件的结构示意图；
图5(b)为实施例1的输送器的牙块的挡板的结构示意图；
图6(a)为实施例2的输送器的导杆套的结构示意图；
图6(b)为实施例2的输送器的挡板的结构示意图；
图6(c)为实施例2的输送器的导杆套与定位锁止装置的连接示意图；
图7(a)为实施例3的输送器的牙块中，左侧和右侧均设置有第二啮合结构的支撑件的结构示意图；
图7(b)为实施例3的输送器的牙块的挡板的结构示意图；
图7(c)为实施例3的输送器的牙块中，单侧设置有第二啮合结构的支撑件的结构示意图；
图8为实施例3的输送器的定位锁止装置的结构示意图；
图9(a)为实施例3的输送器中第一啮合结构与第二啮合结构进行啮合的原理图；
图9(b)为实施例3的输送器中第一啮合结构与第二啮合结构进行分离的原理图；
图10(a)-图10(b)为实施例3的输送器中，支架处于定位锁止状态下定位锁止装置在滑动手柄内的结构示意图；
图10(c)-图10(d)为实施例3的输送器中，支架处于释放解锁状态下定位锁止装置在滑动手柄内的结构示意图；
图11(a)为实施例4的输送器的导杆套的结构示意图；
图11(b)为实施例4的输送器的牙块的挡板的结构示意图；
图11(c)为实施例4的输送器的导杆套与定位锁止装置的连接示意图；
图12为实施例5的输送器的按键的结构示意图；
图13为实施例7的输送器的按键的结构示意图；
图14(a)为实施例8的输送器处于定位锁止状态下的滑动手柄的正面剖视图；
图14(b)为实施例8的输送器处于解锁状态下的滑动手柄的侧面剖视图；
图15(a)为实施例9的输送器处于定位锁止状态下的滑动手柄的正面剖视图；
图15(b)为实施例9的输送器处于解锁状态下的滑动手柄的正面剖视图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。在介入性医疗器械领域，将输送器 植入血管后，定义输送器距离操作者最近的一端为近端，输送器距离操作者最远的一端为远端。同理，依照此原理定义输送器中各个部件的近端和远端。
本发明的输送器可用于但不限于支架、封堵器等介入性植入物的输送，此处将以支架为例详细介绍本发明输送器的结构和功能。本发明中涉及的支架为覆膜支架，覆膜支架是指裸支架表面覆盖有薄膜后的结构，裸支架是指包括多个波形环状物且各波形环状物之间没有薄膜的结构。
以下将结合具体实施例进一步详细说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例1
请参阅图1，图1为一实施例的输送器100的结构示意图。输送器100包括由内至外同轴依次套设的鞘芯管12、推杆13、鞘管14、导杆16和设于鞘芯管12远端端部的端头11，还包括与导杆16的远端相连的把手15、套设于导杆16上的滑动手柄18以及至少部分收容于滑动手柄18内部的定位锁止装置17。
端头11和鞘芯管12均为中心呈腔体的部件，端头11可以为TIP头，且端头11与鞘芯管12的远端固为一体作为导丝的通道，以保证穿有导丝的输送器100能够在导丝的引导下顺利进入血管。推杆13为管材型部件，推杆13的近端与鞘芯管12的近端固定连接，且推杆13的内径大于鞘芯管12的外径。当鞘芯管12进行轴向滑动时，推杆13与鞘芯管12一起做同步滑动。
鞘管14为套在推杆13外缘且可以相对推杆13进行轴向滑动的部件。当鞘管14的远端与端头11的近端接触时，鞘管14、鞘芯管12和推杆13的远端端面配合，形成收容支架的空间，且支架(图未示)的近端抵靠在推杆13的远端端面上，推杆13的远端端面在支架释放过程中对支架的轴向移动起限位作用。由于导杆16的远端与把手15的近端固定连接，且滑动手柄18于导杆16的近端贯穿导杆16，因而滑动手柄18能够沿着导杆16相对于把手15进行轴向移动。当滑动手柄18向把手15合拢时，在推杆13与端头11之间有部分鞘芯管12裸露在推杆13外面，且裸露长度为支架压缩后的有效长度，也即滑动手柄18朝远离把手15的方向运动的最大距离。当向近端拉动滑动手柄18时，鞘管14后撤，支架会失去鞘管14的约束，从而被释放打开。
把手15为壳体结构，是输送器100中的一个固定部件，目的是方便医生在 临床操作过程中握持，从而使该输送器100整体处于一个稳定状态。鞘芯管12和推杆13贯穿把手15和滑动手柄18。导杆16为支架轴向释放的导向机构，其远端固定在把手15内，近端自滑动手柄18穿出。滑动手柄18套在导杆16上，并且与鞘管14的近端连接为一体。具体地，鞘管14的近端固定在滑动手柄18内，其远端自把手15穿出。滑动手柄18沿导杆16的轴向滑动可以带动鞘管14滑动，进而实现通过鞘管14的后撤使支架释放打开。
如图2所示，导杆16的外表面上设有多个沿导杆16轴向相互隔开的第一啮合结构162，导杆16的内部为腔体，优选地，在导杆16的外表面上设有沿导杆16轴向延伸的至少一个滑槽161，且滑槽161与导杆16内部的腔体相通。进一步地，第一啮合结构162位于滑槽161两侧的导杆16外表面上。优选地，导杆16外表面上设置的多个第一啮合结构162相互平行且等间距设置。优选地，第一啮合结构162与导杆16的轴向方向垂直。第一啮合结构162可以为齿形结构，也可以为其他能够实现啮合的结构。
滑动手柄18通过一设于滑槽161内的连接件(图未示)与鞘管14的近端相连，定位锁止装置17可全部置于滑动手柄18内部，也可部分置于滑动手柄18内部。优选地，滑动手柄18的顶端设有一开口，定位锁止装置17的顶端可凸出在该开口处，如图1中所示位置。在另一实施例中，该开口可由滑动手柄上的一层柔性膜覆盖，且该柔性膜的大小与该开口的大小相适应，此时，定位锁止装置17视为全部置于滑动手柄18内部。当滑动手柄18沿着导杆16进行轴向滑动时，鞘管14和定位锁止装置17随着滑动手柄18进行同步滑动。
具体地，如图3所示，定位锁止装置17包括按键组件171、牙块172和弹性部件173，且牙块172套于导杆16的外侧，弹性部件173设于滑动手柄18的内部，弹性部件173的一端与牙块172连接，另一端与滑动手柄18的底部的内壁连接。其中，牙块172的内部设有至少一个第二啮合结构1721(请参考图4(a))。定位锁止装置17用于在按键组件171被按下时带动牙块172压缩弹性部件173，使啮合在一起的导杆16的第一啮合结构162与牙块172的第二啮合结构1721分离，以消除滑动手柄18轴向运动的约束力；且在按键组件171被松开时，通过弹性部件173回位而作用于牙块172，使导杆16的第一啮合结 构162与牙块172的第二啮合结构1721啮合，以实现对滑动手柄18的定位锁止。需要说明的是，在按键组件171被按下且第一啮合结构162未与第二啮合结构1721分离时，弹性部件173处于被部分压缩状态，由于第一啮合结构162与第二啮合结构1721仍部分啮合在一起，故支架仍处于释放锁止状态；在按键组件171被按下，且弹性部件173被压缩直至第一啮合结构162与第二啮合结构1721分离时，支架处于可释放状态。
在本实施例中，弹性部件173的一端与牙块172的底部连接，另一端与滑动手柄18的内壁连接，连接方式不受限制。请一并参考图4(a)-图4(b)，当按键组件171未被按下时，在弹性部件173的支撑作用下，牙块172上的第二啮合结构1721与导杆16上的第一啮合结构162啮合在一起，此时，滑动手柄18的轴向运动由于该次啮合而受到约束，也即，滑动手柄18不能沿着导杆16进行轴向滑动，进而实现对支架在当前释放状态的定位锁止。请一并参考图4(c)-图4(d)，当按键组件171被按下时，按键组件171在按压力的作用下推动牙块172向滑动手柄18的底部运动，进而压缩弹性部件173，此时，牙块172上的第二啮合结构1721相对于导杆16上的第一啮合结构162做相离运动，直至第一啮合结构162完全脱离第二啮合结构1721，则滑动手柄18的轴向运动约束力解除，也即，滑动手柄18可以沿着导杆16进行轴向滑动，进而实现对支架的逐步释放。
优选地，请一并参考图5(a)-图5(b)，牙块172包括U型的支撑件1722及与支撑件1722的开口端连接的挡板1723，且牙块172的第二啮合结构1721设于挡板1723上朝向支撑件1722内侧的一面；导杆16的第一啮合结构162围绕导杆16外表面一周，或者导杆16的第一啮合结构162位于导杆16的部分外表面上。优选地，导杆16的第一啮合结构162位于导杆16其中一个滑槽161的两侧的外表面，且导杆16的第一啮合结构162的长度与牙块172的第二啮合结构1721的长度相适应。挡板1723优选为方形结构。
可以理解，支撑件1722还可以为开口与图5(b)中挡板1723的长度大小相同、开口与顶部距离与图5(a)中支撑件1722的开口与顶部距离相同的圆弧体等结构。进一步地，挡板1723也可以为两端具有一定弧度且长度与支撑件1722 的开口大小相适应的圆弧体。牙块172上的第二啮合结构1721可以根据牙块172的长度或宽度设置多个，且第二啮合结构1721上的齿17211也可以设置多个。请一并参考图5(a)-图5(b)，支撑件1722与挡板1723的连接方式除卡扣连接外，也可以为结构固定连接、螺栓连接、金属焊接、胶粘连接等等，连接方式不受限制。
本实施例中的输送器100，采用上述结构的定位锁止装置17，能够在按键组件171被按下时，带动牙块172压缩弹性部件173，使原本啮合在一起的牙块172上的第二啮合结构1721与导杆16上的第一啮合结构162相分离，从而解除滑动手柄18沿导杆16进行轴向滑动的约束力，进而使得支架能够根据滑动手柄18的轴向滑动进行逐步释放或回收；且在按键组件171被松开时，通过弹性部件173的回位，带动牙块172向靠近按键组件171的方向移动，使得牙块172上的第二啮合结构1721与导杆16上的第一啮合结构162恢复啮合状态，从而对滑动手柄18沿导杆16进行轴向滑动产生约束力，也即滑动手柄18会在当前所处位置被锁止，进而使支架的释放被暂停。
可以理解，在其他实施例中，按键组件171可以省略，牙块172的支撑件1722可以至少部分凸出于滑动手柄18，通过按压或释放支撑件1722可以实现弹性部件173被压缩或复位。
实施例2
实施例2与实施例1的不同之处在于，实施例2中的定位锁止装置17还包括内部中空且两端开口的导杆套174(如图6(a)所示)，挡板1723上设有两个相对的滑块1724(如图6(b)所示)。请一并参考图6(a)-图6(c)，导杆套174套设于导杆16的表面，且导杆套174的侧壁上设有一个开孔1742，在开孔1742沿导杆套174轴向方向的两端分别设有一个导轨1743；牙块172套设于导杆套174的表面，挡板1723上的第二啮合结构1721对应导杆套174的开孔1742，使得第二啮合结构1721可以穿过开孔1742而与导杆16的第一啮合结构162啮合。挡板1723上的两个滑块1724分别穿过导杆套174的两个导轨1743。进一步地，导杆套174的两端开口处分别设有一个用于与滑动手柄18的内壁固定连接的第一固定件1741。
可以理解，在其他实施例中，第一固定件1741可以省略，通过在导杆套174的表面的其他部位设置能够与滑动手柄18的内壁进行连接的连接结构即可。
导杆套174是一个能够套在导杆16外表面且能够随着滑动手柄18沿着导杆16进行轴向同步滑动的部件，其中，在滑动手柄18的内部，导杆套174的两个第一固定件1741分别与滑动手柄18的近端和远端进行固定连接。导杆套174的开孔1742能够使导杆16表面至少一个第一啮合结构162显现在开孔1742内，且能够在按键组件171未被按压时，使牙块172上的第二啮合结构1721穿过开孔1742并与导杆16上的第一啮合结构162进行啮合。开孔1742的长度和宽度可根据挡板1723上所有的第二啮合结构1721所占的面积而定。
滑块1724的形状优选为方形，还可以为圆柱形等，其形状和体积大小根据导轨1743的收容空间的形状和大小而定。两个导轨1743相对的一边为开口，进一步地，还可以设置两个导轨1743上沿导杆套174径向方向朝外的一边为开口，如图6(a)中导轨的开口设置。导轨1743的作用是使牙块172的两个滑块1724分别沿着这两个导轨1743进行滑动，以使牙块172上的第二啮合结构1721能够平稳地与导杆16上的第一啮合结构162进行啮合或分离。
实施例2中的输送器，在定位锁止装置17中增加了一个导杆套174，使得定位锁止装置17中的其他部件在导杆套174的配合下位置更加固定，在移动时不易发生偏离，且均能够与导杆套174一起稳固地随着滑动手柄进行同步滑动，因而能够保证支架释放的稳定性。
实施例3
实施例3与实施例1的不同之处在于，实施例3中输送器所包括的牙块175不同于实施例1中的牙块172，相应地，本实施例中导杆16上的第一啮合结构163不同于实施例1中的第一啮合结构162。请一并参考图7(a)-图7(b)，本实施例中牙块175大致为中空的长方体，包括U型的支撑件1751及与支撑件1751的开口端连接的挡板1752。支撑件1751包括底板及分别与底板的两端连接的两个侧板。牙块175的第二啮合结构1753设于支撑件1751的两个侧板的内侧壁上或仅位于其中一个侧板的内侧壁上。导杆16的多个第一啮合结构163围绕导杆16外表面一周，多个第一啮合结构163与支撑件1751的两个侧板上 的多个第二啮合结构1753啮合。或者，导杆16的第一啮合结构163仅位于导杆16的部分外表面上，第一啮合结构163与支撑件1751的其中一个侧板上的第二啮合结构1753啮合。可以理解，牙块175的第二啮合结构1753仅设置在支撑件1751的其中一个侧板也同样能够实现对滑动手柄18的定位锁止和解锁。请参考图7(c)，图7(c)为牙块175的第二啮合结构1753仅设置在支撑件1751的其中一个侧板上的结构示意图。
可以理解，支撑件1751还可以为开口与图7(b)中挡板1752的长度大小相同、开口与顶部距离与图7(a)中支撑件1751的开口与顶部距离相同的圆弧体等结构。进一步地，挡板1752也可以为两端具有一定弧度且长度与支撑件1751的开口大小相适应的圆弧体。牙块175上的第二啮合结构1753可以根据牙块175的长度或宽度设置多个，且第二啮合结构1753上的齿(图未示)可以设置为大小与导杆16上相邻两个第一啮合结构163的间隙相适应的长方体或圆柱体等结构。支撑件1751与挡板1752的连接方式可以为结构固定连接、螺栓连接、金属焊接、胶粘连接、卡扣连接等等，连接方式不受限制。可以理解，牙块175的主体结构可以设置为实体结构或镂空结构。
在本实施例中，如图8所示，定位锁止装置17包括按键组件171、套于导杆16外侧的牙块175、设于牙块175底部的弹性部件173，其中，牙块175内部设有至少一个第二啮合结构1753(请参考图7(a))。定位锁止装置17用于在按键组件171被按下时带动牙块175压缩弹性部件173，使啮合在一起的导杆16的第一啮合结构163与牙块175的第二啮合结构1753相分离，以消除滑动手柄18轴向运动的约束力；且在按键组件171被松开时，通过弹性部件173回位而作用于牙块175的支撑力，使导杆16的第一啮合结构163与牙块175的第二啮合结构1753啮合，以实现对滑动手柄18的定位锁止。如图9(a)-图9(b)所示，图9(a)-图9(b)分别为第一啮合结构163与第二啮合结构1753进行啮合、分离的原理图。
弹性部件173的一端与牙块175的底部连接，另一端与滑动手柄18的内壁连接，连接方式不受限制。请参考图10(a)-图10(b)，当按键组件171未被按下时，在弹性部件173的支撑作用下，牙块175上的第二啮合结构1753与导 杆16上的第一啮合结构163啮合在一起，此时，滑动手柄18的轴向运动由于该啮合作用而受到约束，也即，滑动手柄18不能沿着导杆16进行轴向滑动，进而实现对支架在当前释放状态的定位锁止。请参考图10(c)-图10(d)，当按键组件171被按下时，按键组件171在按压力的作用下推动牙块175向滑动手柄18的底部运动，进而压缩弹性部件173，此时，牙块175上的第二啮合结构1753相对于导杆16上的第一啮合结构163做相离运动，直至第一啮合结构163完全脱离第二啮合结构1753，则滑动手柄18的轴向运动约束力解除，也即，滑动手柄18可以沿着导杆16进行轴向滑动，进而实现对支架的逐步释放。
可以理解，可以仅在牙块175的支撑件1751的其中一个侧板上设置至少一个第二啮合结构1753，相应地，需要将导杆16的第一啮合结构163设于导杆16上与支撑件1751的侧板相接触的一侧。
实施例3中的输送器，采用上述结构的定位锁止装置17，能够在按键组件171被按下时，带动牙块175压缩弹性部件173，使原本啮合在一起的牙块175上的第二啮合结构1753与导杆16上的第一啮合结构163相分离，从而解除滑动手柄18沿导杆16进行轴向滑动的约束力，进而使得支架能够根据滑动手柄18的轴向滑动进行逐步释放或回收；且在按键组件171被松开时，通过弹性部件173的回位，带动牙块175向靠近按键组件171的方向移动，使得牙块175上的第二啮合结构1753与导杆16上的第一啮合结构163恢复啮合状态，从而对滑动手柄18沿导杆16进行轴向滑动产生约束力，也即滑动手柄18会在当前所处位置被锁止，进而使支架的释放被暂停。
实施例4
以在支撑件1751的两个侧板均设置有第二啮合结构1753为例，实施例4与实施例3的不同之处在于，实施例4中的定位锁止装置17还包括内部中空且两端开口的导杆套176(如图11(a)所示)，挡板1752上设有两个相对的滑块1754(如图11(b)所示)；请一并参考图11(a)-图11(c)，导杆套176套设于导杆16的表面，在导杆套176的底部(即导杆套176上与挡板1752相对的一端)沿轴向方向设有两个相对的导轨1762，且在导杆套176的侧壁上设有一个或两个开孔1763，优选地，与两个相对的导轨1762所在平面相垂直的导杆 套176的侧壁上设有一个或两个开孔1763；牙块175套设于导杆套176的表面，且支撑件1751上的第二啮合结构1753对应导杆套176的开孔1763，挡板1752上的两个滑块1754分别穿过导杆套176上的两个导轨1762。进一步地，导杆套176的两端分别设有一个用于与滑动手柄18的内壁固定连接的第一固定件1761。
导杆套176是一个能够套在导杆16外侧且能够随着滑动手柄18沿着导杆16进行轴向同步滑动的部件，其中，导杆套176的两个第一固定件1761分别与滑动手柄18的近端和远端进行固定连接。导杆套176的开孔1763能够使导杆16表面至少一个第一啮合结构163显现在开孔1763内，且能够在按键组件171未被按压时，使牙块175上的第二啮合结构1753穿过开孔1763并与导杆16上的第一啮合结构163进行啮合。开孔1763的长度和宽度可根据支撑件1751上所有的第二啮合结构1753所占的面积而定。在支撑件1751的两个侧板均设置有第二啮合结构1753时，导杆套176的侧壁上相应地设置有两个开孔1763；在支撑件1751仅有一个侧板设置有第二啮合结构1753时，导杆套176的侧壁相应地仅设置一个开孔1763。
滑块1754的形状优选为方形，还可以为圆柱形等，其形状和体积大小根据导轨1762的收容空间的形状和大小而定。两个导轨1762相对的一边为开口，进一步地，还可以设置两个导轨1762上沿导杆套176径向方向朝外的一边为开口，如图11(a)所示。导轨1762的作用是使牙块175的两个滑块1754分别沿着这两个导轨1762进行滑动，以使牙块175上的第二啮合结构1753能够平稳地与导杆16上的第一啮合结构163进行啮合或分离。
实施例4中的输送器，在定位锁止装置17中增加了一个导杆套176，使得定位锁止装置17中的其他部件在导杆套176的配合下位置更加固定，在移动时不易发生偏离，且均能够与导杆套176一起稳固地随着滑动手柄进行同步滑动，因而能够保证支架释放的稳定性。
实施例5
在实施例5中，如图12所示，输送器的按键组件171包括按键1711和一个按键支撑件1712，按键支撑件1712的一端与按键1711连接，另一端与牙块 172(或牙块175)的顶部连接，或者另一端在按键组件171被按下时与牙块172(或牙块175)的顶部连接，按键支撑件1712用于在按键组件171被按下时带动牙块172(或牙块175)压缩弹性部件173。
按键1711的内部中空，按键支撑件1712设置于按键1711的内壁的中部。按键支撑件1712的一端固定连接在按键1711内壁上，其另一端可固定连接在牙块172(或牙块175)上。按键支撑件1712可以为圆柱形，也可以为长方体等结构。
实施例6
在实施例6中，滑动手柄18的顶端设有一开口，按键1711穿过或填充滑动手柄18顶端的开口。
在滑动手柄18的顶端设置一个开口大小刚好能够容纳按键1711的开口，按键1711能够从滑动手柄18内部穿过该开口并部分突出在滑动手柄18外部，或者按键1711能够从滑动手柄18内部向上填充该开口，以使按键1711的顶部能够与该开口平齐。
在滑动手柄18的顶部设置这样一个开口的好处是，方便操作者能够清楚地识别出按键组件171，并通过按键组件171对滑动手柄18进行定位锁止，以实现对支架的逐步释放或及时锁止。
实施例7
在实施例7中，如图13所示，在按键1711的内侧边缘设有至少一个第二固定件1713，在按键组件171未被按下时，第二固定件1713与滑动手柄18顶端的开口的内侧边缘抵持(如图10(b)中所示)，以阻止按键组件171从滑动手柄18的该开口滑出。在按键组件171被按下时，第二固定件1713与滑动手柄18顶端的开口的内侧边缘分离(如图10(d)中所示)。
实施例8
实施例8中，在滑动手柄18的内部的顶部还设有另一个弹性部件177；弹性部件177套在按键支撑件1712的外周，且位于按键组件171与牙块172(或牙块175)之间。优选地，弹性部件173和弹性部件177均为弹簧。
本实施例中，按键支撑件1712与牙块172(或牙块175)之间存在一定间 隙，且间隙距离小于按键组件171的按压行程。当按键组件171被按下时，弹性部件177被压缩，此时，按键支撑件1712的长度大于或等于弹性部件177当前的长度，使得按键支撑件1712与牙块172(或牙块175)的顶部接触，从而带动牙块172(或牙块175)压缩弹性部件173。当按键组件171被松开时，按键支撑件1712可在弹性部件177的支撑下与牙块172(或牙块175)分离。
进一步地，请参考图14(a)-图14(b)，可在滑动手柄18上设置一个横板181，横板181的两端分别固定连接在滑动手柄18上，在横板181的中间位置设有一个开口(图未标)，且在该开口的两端朝向按键组件171的方向分别设有一个突出部分(图未标)。按键支撑件1712可通过横板181中间的开口与牙块172接触，弹性部件177的一端套在按键支撑件1712上，另一端套在横板181的突出部分。在滑动手柄18上设置一个横板181，能够使按键在移动过程中更加稳定、不会发生偏移，同时也限制了牙块172向上滑动的距离。
实施例9
请参考图15(a)-图15(b)，实施例9中定位锁止装置17(图未标)的弹性部件173设于滑动手柄18的内部的顶部，滑动手柄18的内部的顶部设有一横板181，且横板181上设有一开口，按键支撑件1712的靠近牙块175的一端穿过该开口并与牙块175固定连接；弹性部件173套在按键支撑件1712的外周，且位于按键1711与横板181之间。优选地，在横板181的开口的两端朝向按键1711的方向分别设有一个突出部分(图未标)。
由于按键支撑件1712与牙块175固定连接，因而在按键组件171(图未标)被按下时，弹性部件173被压缩，且按键组件171带动牙块175朝向滑动手柄18的底部移动(即牙块175向下移动)，当牙块175向下移动直至第一啮合结构163与第二啮合结构1753分离时，支架处于可释放状态，滑动手柄18可沿导杆16进行轴向移动；当按键组件171被松开时，弹性部件173回位并带动按键组件171朝向滑动手柄18的顶部移动(即牙块175向上移动)，按键组件171带动牙块175向上移动，当牙块175向上移动直至第一啮合结构163与第二啮合结构1753啮合在一起时，支架处于释放锁止状态，滑动手柄18不能沿导杆16进行轴向移动。
需要说明的是，实施例9中的牙块175还可以替换为上述实施例中的牙块172，相应地，定位锁止装置17中与牙块172配合的其他部件请参考上述实施例中描述，此处不再赘述。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种输送器，用于输送植入物，包括把手、导杆和滑动手柄，所述导杆一端与所述把手相连，另一端贯穿所述滑动手柄，其特征在于，所述导杆的外表面设有多个沿导杆轴向相互隔开的第一啮合结构，所述输送器还包括设于所述滑动手柄内的定位锁止装置，所述定位锁止装置包括牙块和弹性部件，所述牙块套设于所述导杆上且所述牙块上设置有第二啮合结构，所述弹性部件与所述牙块配合以使所述弹性部件在未被压缩或被部分压缩时，所述第一啮合结构和所述第二啮合结构啮合，植入物处于释放锁止状态；且在所述弹性部件被压缩直至所述第一啮合结构和所述第二啮合结构分离时，植入物处于可释放状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的输送器，其特征在于，所述牙块包括U型的支撑件及与所述支撑件的开口端连接的挡板，且所述牙块的第二啮合结构设于所述挡板上朝向所述支撑件内侧的一面；所述导杆的第一啮合结构围绕所述导杆外表面一周，或者所述导杆的第一啮合结构位于所述导杆的部分外表面上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的输送器，其特征在于，所述定位锁止装置还包括导杆套，所述导杆套套设于所述导杆的表面，且所述导杆套的侧壁上设有一个开孔，在所述开孔沿所述导杆套轴向方向的两端分别开设有一个导轨；所述挡板上设有两个相对的滑块，所述牙块套设于所述导杆套的表面，所述挡板上的第二啮合结构对应所述开孔，且所述挡板上的两个滑块分别穿过所述导杆套的两个导轨。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的输送器，其特征在于，所述牙块包括U型的支撑件及与所述支撑件的开口端连接的挡板，且所述牙块的第二啮合结构设于所述支撑件的内壁上；所述导杆的第一啮合结构围绕所述导杆外表面一周，或者所述导杆的第一啮合结构位于所述导杆的部分外表面上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的输送器，其特征在于，所述定位锁止装置还包括导杆套，所述导杆套套设于所述导杆的表面，在所述导杆套的底部沿轴向方向设有两个相对的导轨，且在所述导杆套的侧壁上设有一个或两个开孔；所述挡板上设有两个相对的滑块，所述牙块套设于所述导杆套的表面，所述支撑件上的第二啮合结构对应所述开孔，且所述挡板上的两个滑块分别穿过所述导杆套 的两个导轨。
  6. 根据权利要求3或5所述的输送器，其特征在于，所述导杆套的两端分别设有一个用于与所述滑动手柄的内壁连接的第一固定件。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的输送器，其特征在于，所述定位锁止装置还包括按键组件，所述按键组件包括按键和按键支撑件，所述按键支撑件的一端与所述按键连接，另一端与所述牙块的顶部连接，或者另一端在所述按键组件被按下时与所述牙块的顶部连接；所述按键组件被按下时，所述弹性部件被压缩。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的输送器，其特征在于，所述弹性部件设于所述滑动手柄的内部的顶部，所述滑动手柄的内部的顶部设有一横板，且所述横板上设有一开口，所述按键支撑件的靠近所述牙块的一端穿过所述开口并与所述牙块连接；所述弹性部件套在所述按键支撑件的外周，且位于所述按键与所述横板之间。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的输送器，其特征在于，所述弹性部件设于所述滑动手柄的内部，且所述弹性部件的一端与所述牙块连接，另一端与所述滑动手柄的底部的内壁连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的输送器，其特征在于，在所述滑动手柄的内部的顶部还设有另一个弹性部件；所述另一个弹性部件套在所述按键支撑件的外周，且位于所述按键组件与所述牙块之间。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的输送器，其特征在于，所述滑动手柄的顶端设有一开口，所述按键穿过或填充所述滑动手柄顶端的所述开口。
  12. 根据权利要求7所述的输送器，其特征在于，所述按键组件上设有至少一个第二固定件；在所述按键组件未被按下时，所述第二固定件与所述滑动手柄顶端的所述开口的内侧边缘抵持。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的输送器，其特征在于，所述多个沿导杆轴向相互隔开的第一啮合结构相互平行且等间距设置。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的输送器，其特征在于，所述第一啮合结构与所述导杆的轴向方向垂直。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的输送器，其特征在于，所述导杆具有沿其轴向延伸的滑槽，且所述第一啮合结构位于所述滑槽两侧的导杆外表面上。
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