WO2019091032A1

WO2019091032A1 - Wilkinson power divider

Info

Publication number: WO2019091032A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/078984
Authority: WO
Inventors: 周海峰; 吴杰; 丁庆; 吴光胜; 李晓丛
Original assignee: 深圳市华讯方舟微电子科技有限公司; 深圳市太赫兹科技创新研究院有限公司
Priority date: 2017-11-10
Filing date: 2018-03-14
Publication date: 2019-05-16
Also published as: CN107681242B; CN107681242A

Abstract

A Wilkinson power divider, comprising a dielectric layer, a signal metal layer attached to one side of the dielectric layer, and a metal bottom layer attached to the other side of the dielectric layer, the signal metal layer, the dielectric layer, and the metal bottom layer forming a microstrip line structure, and the signal metal layer comprising: an input port, a microwave transmission branch, an output port, an isolation resistor, a first triangular pile structure and a second triangular pile structure. Compared with the traditional ultra-wideband Wilkinson power divider, the Wilkinson power divider of the present invention significantly saves the circuit layout area on the basis of effectively widening the frequency band.

Description

Wilkinson Power Splitter

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of power dividers, and in particular to a Wilkinson power divider.

Background technique

Power splitter is an indispensable component in microwave receiving, transmitting and frequency synthesizing systems. Whether it is microwave communication, radar, remote sensing, electronic reconnaissance, electronic countermeasures or microwave measurement systems, there is a need to distribute power such as signals. The power distribution of signals and the like is multi-channel, and then processed separately, which is a very common application. In the transmitting system, the power splitter is used in reverse, which is the power synthesizer. In the medium and high power transmitting sources, it has an important influence on the overall system performance. Especially in the multi-channel lateral system, it is the key component that determines the performance of the system. It has strict requirements on the amplitude consistency and phase consistency indicators, so as to ensure the direction finding accuracy of the system. With the rapid development of military equipment, the bandwidth coverage of the power splitter is extremely high. In the full frequency range, it is quite difficult to meet the performance indicators of the power splitter.

At present, the traditional single-section Wilkinson power divider is narrow in bandwidth and cannot meet the practical application. However, the multi-section Wilkinson power divider has a certain improvement in bandwidth, but sacrifices a certain area, and The value of the isolation resistance is determined by the aspect ratio. In the multi-section Wilkinson power divider, some isolation resistances are multiplied, which means that the aspect ratio of the isolation resistance is also multiplied, which makes processing difficult. At the same time further waste the layout area.

Summary of the invention

Based on this, it is necessary to provide a Wilkinson power splitter for the problem of large area of the ultra-wideband Wilkinson power divider circuit.

A Wilkinson power divider comprising a dielectric layer, a signal metal layer attached to one side of the dielectric layer, and a metal underlayer attached to the other side of the dielectric layer, the signal metal layer, the dielectric layer, and the metal The bottom layer forms a microstrip line structure, and the signal metal layer includes:

Input port for inputting microwave signals;

a microwave transmission branch having at least two paths and connected to the input port, configured to divide the microwave signal into at least two microwave branch signals;

An output port, configured to output the at least two microwave branch signals, the number of the output ports is matched with the number of the microwave transmission branches, and each output port is respectively connected to one microwave transmission branch;

An isolation resistor, wherein the isolation resistor is connected between two adjacent output ports;

a first triangular pile structure, the first triangular pile structure is disposed in the microwave transmission branch, and is configured to divide the microwave transmission branch into two segments;

a second triangular pile structure, the second triangular pile structure being disposed at a junction of the isolation resistor and the output port.

In one embodiment, the first triangular pile structure and the second triangular pile structure are a sheet-like isosceles triangular structure, and the first triangular pile structure and the second triangular pile structure both face the microstrip with a vertex angle The line is disposed on the microstrip line structure in such a manner as to partially overlap the microstrip line.

In one embodiment, each of the microwave transmission branches is provided with the first triangular pile structure, and each of the isolation resistor and the output port are provided with the second triangular pile structure.

In one embodiment, the number of the microwave transmission branches is two, and the number of the output ports is two.

In one embodiment, the two channels of microwave transmission branches are equal in length, the two channels of microwave transmission branches are equal in width, and the two channels of microwave transmission branches are completely symmetrical.

In one embodiment, the microwave transmission branch is divided into two parts by the first triangular pile structure, which are a first microstrip line portion and a second microstrip line portion, respectively, the first microstrip line portion The impedance is 73.5 Ω, the electrical length is 38.4 deg, the second microstrip line portion has an impedance of 73.5 Ω, and the electrical length is 31 deg.

In one of the embodiments, the microstrip line structure impedance of the input port and the output port portion is 50 Ω.

In one embodiment, the dielectric layer is a RO4003C material having a dielectric constant of 3.38 and a thickness of 20 mils.

In one embodiment, the signal metal layer and the metal underlayer are made of copper and have a copper thickness of 1 oz.

In one of the embodiments, the isolation resistor has a resistance of 100 Ω.

The Wilkinson power splitter has a triangular pile structure at the junction of the microwave transmission branch and the isolation resistor and the output port, so that the Wilkinson function is compared with the conventional multi-section ultra-wideband Wilkinson power divider. The working frequency band of the device is greatly widened and meets various performance indexes of the power splitter. At the same time, the total electrical length of the microwave transmission branch is 38.4deg plus 31deg equal to 69.4deg, which is smaller than the traditional 90deg electrical length. On the basis of effectively widening the Wilkinson power divider frequency band, the circuit layout area is greatly saved.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a Wilkinson power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic view showing a triangular pile structure of a Wilkinson power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a waveform diagram of an input port reflection coefficient and an output port insertion loss of a Wilkinson power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a waveform diagram showing phase changes of an output port of a Wilkinson power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a waveform diagram of isolation of an output port of a Wilkinson power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a waveform diagram of an output port reflection coefficient of a Wilkinson power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a Wilkinson power divider in an embodiment.

At present, the academic and industrial circles are generally concerned about the commercial value of the 3.1GHz-10.6GHz ultra-wideband system. Therefore, in this embodiment, the Wilkinson power divider widening band ranges from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz.

In this embodiment, the Wilkinson power divider includes a dielectric layer, a signal metal layer attached to one side of the dielectric layer, and a metal underlayer attached to the other side of the dielectric layer, a signal metal layer, and a medium. The layer and the metal underlayer form a microstrip line structure, and the signal metal layer includes an input port 10, a first microwave transmission branch 11, a second microwave transmission branch 12, a second triangular pile structure 13, an output port 14, and an isolation resistor 15. .

The input port 10 is for inputting a microwave signal.

The output port 14 is for outputting halved energy to the next circuit unit. The first microwave transmission branch 11 is divided into two segments by a first triangular pile structure 112, and the second microwave transmission branch 12 is divided into two segments by a first triangular pile structure 122.

The first microwave transmission branch 11 includes a first microstrip line portion 111, a first triangular pile structure 112, and a second microstrip line portion 113 that are sequentially connected.

The second microwave transmission branch 12 includes a third microstrip line portion 121, a first triangular pile structure 122, and a fourth microstrip line portion 123 that are sequentially connected.

In this embodiment, the output port 14 includes a first output port 141 and a second output port 142, and the isolation resistor 15 is connected between the first output port 141 and the second output port 142. 100Ω. The second triangular pile structure 13 is disposed at a junction of the isolation resistor 15 and the first output port 141 and the second output port 142. In other embodiments, when the Wilkinson power splitter is multi-output, an isolation resistor 15 is connected between every two adjacent output ports, and the resistance value is adjusted differently according to actual conditions, and each The second triangular pile structure 13 is disposed at the junction of the isolation resistor 15 and the output port 14.

Referring to FIG. 2, the first triangular pile structure and the second triangular pile structure are isosceles triangular structures, and the first triangular pile structure and the second triangular pile structure both face the microstrip line with the apex angle and the microstrip A manner in which the lines are partially overlapped is disposed on the microstrip line structure. The base length of the first triangular pile structure and the second triangular pile structure is L, the apex angle is α, and the length of the waist portion of the surface of the microstrip line structure is exposed to be R.

In this embodiment, the base length L1 of the first triangular pile structure is 1.71 mm, the apex angle α1 is 58 deg, and the length R1 of the surface portion of the surface of the microstrip line structure is 1.14 mm. The second triangular pile structure The base length L2 is 1.22 mm, the apex angle α2 is 30 deg, and the length R2 of the waist portion of the surface portion of the microstrip line structure is exposed to be 0.82 mm. In other embodiments, the parameters of the first triangular pile structure and the second triangular pile structure may be adjusted accordingly according to the variation of the Wilkinson power divider application frequency range.

The electrical length represents the ratio of the physical length of the microstrip line to the transmission wavelength (in the microstrip line) in degrees deg. In the case where the microstrip line material is unchanged, the electrical length of the microstrip line is proportional to the physical length. Knowing the microstrip line length can calculate the physical length for a particular material. Therefore, the smaller the microstrip line length, the shorter the physical length and the smaller the size.

In this embodiment, the Wilkinson power splitter is a two-power splitter that splits the input signal energy of the input port 10 into two energy outputs. In this embodiment, the Wilkinson power splitter has two microwave transmission branches and two output ports. In other embodiments, when the Wilkinson power splitter is a three-power splitter and a four-power splitter, the number of microwave transmission branches and output ports also changes, and the number of output ports and the microwave transmission branch road The numbers match.

In this embodiment, the Wilkinson power splitter is a halved Wilkinson power splitter that splits the input signal energy of the input port into two equal energy outputs. In this embodiment, the lengths of the first microwave transmission branch 11 and the second microwave transmission branch 12 are equal, and the widths of the first microwave transmission branch 11 and the second microwave transmission branch 12 are equal, and 2 The road microwave transmission branch is completely symmetrical. In other embodiments, when the Wilkinson power splitter is an unequal power splitter, the length and width of the first microwave transmission branch 11 and the second microwave transmission branch 12 may be adjusted differently according to actual conditions. .

In this embodiment, the first microwave transmission branch 11 is divided into two parts by the first micro-transmission branch first triangular pile structure 112, which are a first microstrip line portion 111 and a second microstrip line, respectively. In the portion 113, the first microstrip line portion 111 has an impedance of 73.5 Ω and an electrical length of 38.4 deg. The second microstrip line portion 113 has an impedance of 73.5 Ω and an electrical length of 31 deg. The second microwave transmission branch 12 is completely symmetrical with the first microwave transmission branch 11 . In other embodiments, the impedance and electrical length of the two-part microstrip line portion can be appropriately adjusted according to actual conditions.

In this embodiment, a triangular pile structure is disposed at a connection between the microwave transmission branch and the isolation resistor and the output port, so that the working frequency band of the Wilkinson power divider is greatly widened, and the performance of the power divider is satisfied. index. At the same time, the total electrical length of the microwave transmission branch is 38.4deg plus 31deg equal to 69.4deg, which is smaller than the traditional 90deg electrical length. On the basis of effectively widening the Wilkinson power divider frequency band, the circuit layout area is greatly saved.

Please refer to FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of the input port reflection coefficient and the output port insertion loss of the Wilkinson power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention. The abscissa represents frequency, the unit is GHz, and the ordinate represents amplitude, and the unit is decibel. The waveform diagram shows the variation of the reflection coefficient of the input port and the output port of the Wilkinson power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention with frequency. . Where S(1,1) represents the waveform of the input port reflection coefficient as a function of frequency, S(2,1) represents the waveform of the insertion loss of the first output port as a function of frequency, and S(3,1) represents the second output. Waveform of port insertion loss as a function of frequency. As can be seen from the figure, the Wilkinson power splitter has an input port reflection coefficient S11 of less than -10 dB, an output port insertion loss S21, and an S31 of less than 0.8 dB in a bandwidth of 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz. It can be seen that the Wilkinson power splitter has small reflection coefficient, small insertion loss, small return loss, low reflection power consumption, and high transmission power.

Please refer to FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of a phase change of an output port of a Wilkinson power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention. The abscissa represents frequency, the unit is GHz, and the ordinate represents angle, and the unit is deg. The waveform diagram shows the case where the output port phase of the Wilkinson power divider changes with frequency in one embodiment of the present invention. Where S(2,1) represents a waveform diagram of the phase of the first output port as a function of frequency, and S(3,1) represents a waveform diagram of the phase of the second output port as a function of frequency. It can be seen from the figure that the Wilkinson power splitter has the same channel phase of the two output ports in the bandwidth of 3.1GHz-10.6GHz, so that the two microwave branch signals obtained after the two-power split are in phase. The power score is good.

Referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of the isolation of the output port of the Wilkinson power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention. The abscissa indicates the frequency in GHz, and the ordinate indicates the amplitude in decibels. This waveform diagram shows the case where the output port isolation of the Wilkinson power divider in the embodiment of the present invention varies with frequency. Where S(3, 2) is the case where the isolation between the first output port and the second output port varies with frequency. As can be seen from the figure, the Wilkinson power splitter has an output port isolation S23 of less than -10 dB in a bandwidth of 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz, and the interference is small.

Referring to FIG. 6, FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram of an output port reflection coefficient of a Wilkinson power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention. The abscissa represents frequency, the unit is GHz, and the ordinate represents amplitude, and the unit is decibel. The waveform diagram shows the case where the reflection coefficient of the output port of the Wilkinson power divider in the embodiment of the present invention changes with frequency. Where S(2, 2) represents a waveform diagram of the reflection coefficient of the first output port as a function of frequency, and S(3, 3) represents a waveform diagram of the reflection coefficient of the second output port as a function of frequency. As can be seen from the figure, the Wilkinson power splitter has an output port reflection coefficient S22 and S33 less than -11 dB in a bandwidth of 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz. It can be seen that the Wilkinson power splitter has small reflection coefficient, small return loss, low reflection power consumption and high transmission power.

Specifically, the signal metal layer and the metal underlayer are made of copper and have a copper thickness of 1 oz; the dielectric layer is a RO4003C material having a dielectric constant of 3.38, and the thickness is 20 mil, and the input port and the output port have a microstrip line impedance. It is 50Ω.

The Wilkinson power splitter has a triangular pile structure at the junction of the microwave transmission branch and the isolation resistor and the output port, so that the Wilkinson function is compared with the conventional multi-section ultra-wideband Wilkinson power divider. The working frequency band of the device is greatly widened and meets various performance indexes of the power splitter. At the same time, the total electrical length of the microwave transmission branch is 38.4deg plus 31deg equal to 69.4deg, which is smaller than the traditional 90deg electrical length. It effectively broadens the Wilkinson power divider frequency band and meets the requirements of simple structure, low insertion loss and high isolation. On the basis of, the circuit layout area is greatly saved.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that a number of variations and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

A Wilkinson power divider comprising a dielectric layer, a signal metal layer attached to one side of the dielectric layer, and a metal underlayer attached to the other side of the dielectric layer, the signal metal layer, the dielectric layer, and the metal The underlayer forms a microstrip line structure, wherein the signal metal layer comprises:

Input port for inputting microwave signals;

a microwave transmission branch having at least two paths and connected to the input port, configured to divide the microwave signal into at least two microwave branch signals;

An output port, configured to output the at least two microwave branch signals, the number of the output ports is matched with the number of the microwave transmission branches, and each output port is respectively connected to one microwave transmission branch;

An isolation resistor, wherein the isolation resistor is connected between two adjacent output ports;

a first triangular pile structure, the first triangular pile structure is disposed in the microwave transmission branch, and is configured to divide the microwave transmission branch into two segments;

a second triangular pile structure, the second triangular pile structure being disposed at a junction of the isolation resistor and the output port.
The Wilkinson power splitter according to claim 1, wherein the first triangular pile structure and the second triangular pile structure are sheet-like isosceles triangular structures, and the first triangular pile structure and the first The two triangular pile structures are all disposed on the microstrip line structure with the apex angle facing the microstrip line and partially overlapping the microstrip line.
The Wilkinson power splitter according to claim 1, wherein each of said microwave transmission branches is provided with said first triangular pile structure, and each of said isolation resistors is connected to said output port The second triangular pile structure is provided.
The Wilkinson power splitter according to claim 1, wherein the number of the microwave transmission branches is two, and the number of the output ports is two.
The Wilkinson power splitter according to claim 4, wherein the two channels of microwave transmission branches are equal in length, the two channels of microwave transmission branches are equal in width, and the two channels of microwave transmission branches are completely symmetry.
The Wilkinson power splitter according to claim 5, wherein the microwave transmission branch is divided into two parts by the first triangular pile structure, respectively being a first microstrip line portion and a second microstrip In the line portion, the first microstrip line portion has an impedance of 73.5 Ω and an electrical length of 38.4 deg, and the second microstrip line portion has an impedance of 73.5 Ω and an electrical length of 31 deg.
The Wilkinson power splitter according to claim 1, wherein the microstrip line structure impedance of the input port and the output port portion is 50 Ω.
The Wilkinson power splitter according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric layer is a RO4003C material having a dielectric constant of 3.38 and a thickness of 20 mils.
The Wilkinson power splitter according to claim 1, wherein the signal metal layer and the metal underlayer are made of copper and have a copper thickness of 1 oz.
The Wilkinson power splitter according to claim 4, wherein the resistance of the isolation resistor is 100 Ω.