WO2019086810A1 - Stripping tool having an orientable blade - Google Patents

Stripping tool having an orientable blade Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019086810A1
WO2019086810A1 PCT/FR2018/052703 FR2018052703W WO2019086810A1 WO 2019086810 A1 WO2019086810 A1 WO 2019086810A1 FR 2018052703 W FR2018052703 W FR 2018052703W WO 2019086810 A1 WO2019086810 A1 WO 2019086810A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cable
axis
blade
connecting member
jaw
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2018/052703
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Frédéric Derancourt
Original Assignee
Derancourt Ingenierie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Derancourt Ingenierie filed Critical Derancourt Ingenierie
Publication of WO2019086810A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019086810A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
    • H02G1/12—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for removing insulation or armouring from cables, e.g. from the end thereof
    • H02G1/1202—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for removing insulation or armouring from cables, e.g. from the end thereof by cutting and withdrawing insulation
    • H02G1/1204—Hand-held tools
    • H02G1/1207—Hand-held tools the cutting element not rotating about the wire or cable
    • H02G1/1219—Hand-held tools the cutting element not rotating about the wire or cable making a transverse and longitudinal cut
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
    • H02G1/12—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for removing insulation or armouring from cables, e.g. from the end thereof
    • H02G1/1202—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for removing insulation or armouring from cables, e.g. from the end thereof by cutting and withdrawing insulation
    • H02G1/1204—Hand-held tools
    • H02G1/1229—Hand-held tools the cutting element making a longitudinal, and a transverse or a helical cut
    • H02G1/1231—Hand-held tools the cutting element making a longitudinal, and a transverse or a helical cut using a swivelling cutting element

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of tooling used for the finishing, in particular of the ends of the cables of the buried electric lines, in order to remove the insulating and semiconducting layers which protect the central electrical conductor over a suitable length.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to a tool for stripping the sheath of a cable, comprising a single blade whose orientation is changeable to perform a circular or longitudinal cut of said sheath.
  • the ends of the cables are stripped to release the conductive core. This core is then engaged in suitable junction boxes.
  • Such a tool does not cut the outer sheath of a cable longitudinally along the longitudinal axis of the cable in addition to the circular cut around the longitudinal central axis of the cable.
  • a tool of the type formed of two arms articulated in the manner of a clamp, each of the two arms forming, on one side of the main axis of rotation of the clamp, a jaw carrying two cutting blades shaped of discs and free in rotation, and on the other side of the axis of rotation, a lever arm on which the pressure of the hand is exerted.
  • the clamp also comprises a fifth circular lateral blade, carried by the end of one of the jaws and whose cutting plane is at a predetermined distance from said jaw, parallel to the plane of articulation of the clamp.
  • Said fifth lateral blade is placed in opposition with respect to a guide roller carried by the other jaw and on which the cable can be slid.
  • the clamp comprises at least one flat cutting blade, disposed at the ends of the jaws and perpendicularly to the hinge plane of the clamp, which allows, after making the circular cut and the longitudinal cut, to remove the pre-cut piece of insulation. by the circular blades.
  • a first disadvantage of this clamp is to be limited in opening which requires to have several sizes of clamp according to the diameters of the cables to be stripped.
  • the patent application FR 2 823 919 discloses a tool for solving this problem of adaptation to different cable diameters but this tool uses several cutting blades, which increases the cost of the latter as well as the cost of its maintenance , the elements subjected to wear being the blades.
  • JP 4 369 920 discloses a tool for stripping the sheath of a cable, said tool comprising a first jaw and a second jaw forming between them a jaw for gripping the cable.
  • the first jaw comprises a cutting blade, said blade being steerable in two different positions chosen from a position along a first cutting axis orthogonal to a longitudinal axis of the cable in which the blade is intended to make a circular cut of the cable sheath. , and a position along a second cutting axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cable in which the blade is intended to make a longitudinal section of the cable sheath.
  • the second jaw has meanwhile two guide elements of the cable.
  • the patent application US 2013/0000128 also discloses a tool for stripping the sheath of a cable, said tool comprising a first jaw and a second jaw connected to each other in the manner of a clamp and forming their own two a jaw to grip the cable.
  • the first jaw comprises a cutting blade intended to make a circular cut of the sheath of the cable, that is to say a cut orthogonal to a longitudinal axis of the cable, and a longitudinal section of the sheath of the cable, it is that is to say a section parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cable, and this according to a single cutting axis because the blade is not steerable in several positions.
  • the second jaw comprises a cable support plate having two support members.
  • the board is configured to receive and support the cable in two different cable positions.
  • the plate is particularly steerable in a loading position allowing the introduction of the cable in the plate following one or the other of the two cable positions, and a cutting position allowing the circular or longitudinal cut of the cable according to the position of the chosen cable in the plate.
  • This device has the disadvantage of having to remove the cable from the tool to change its orientation in the platen to be able to change the type of cut of the sheath. Presentation of the invention
  • the present invention aims to solve the disadvantages mentioned above by implementing a hand stripping tool whose cost is reduced and with which it is possible to strip cables of different diameters by cutting the outer sheath of a cable longitudinally along the longitudinal axis of the cable in addition to cutting it circularly around the longitudinal central axis of the cable.
  • the present invention provides a tool for stripping the outer sheath of a cable, said tool comprising a first jaw and a second jaw forming between them a jaw for gripping the cable, said tool comprising in addition the following characteristics:
  • At least the first jaw comprises a cutting blade, said blade being steerable in at least two distinct positions chosen from a position along a first cutting axis C orthogonal to a longitudinal axis of the cable in which the blade is intended to provide a circular section of the sheath of the cable and a position along a second cutting axis L parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable in which the blade is intended to make a longitudinal section of the cable sheath;
  • the second jaw (25) comprises two guide elements (50, 51) of the cable (22) which can be oriented in at least two distinct positions chosen from a position in which said guide elements (50, 51) are positioned so as to guide the cable (22) rotating about the longitudinal axis I of the cable (22) for a circular section of the sheath (21) of the cable (22) when the blade (31) is oriented in the position along the first axis of section C, and a position in which said guide elements (50, 51) are positioned so as to guide the cable (22) in translation along its longitudinal axis I for a longitudinal section of the sheath (21) of the cable (22) when the blade (31) is oriented in the position along the second cutting axis L.
  • the object of the present invention has the advantage of eliminating a plurality of different tools for stripping the outer sheath of a cable along different cutting axes with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cable.
  • the user of a tool object of the present invention thus benefits from a single tool with a single blade for making different cuts of the outer sheath of a cable.
  • the combination of the possibility of orienting the blade in at least two distinct positions and the possibility of orienting the two guide elements also in at least two distinct positions allows the user not to have to remove the cable from the tool to change the type of cut of the cable sheath (circular / longitudinal).
  • the simple rotation of the first jaw and the second jaw in the proper position allows the user to switch from one type of cut of the sheath to another. This represents a considerable advantage in handling time and avoiding the user direct manipulation of the cable to change the type of cut reduces the risks involved in such handling, for example the risk of electrocution in some cases.
  • This tool also makes it possible to overcome a plurality of blades within a tool to draw the outer sheath of a cable along two different axes relative to the longitudinal axis of said cable.
  • a tool comprising a plurality of blades, each different blade being intended to cut the sheath of a cable along a cutting axis different from the cutting axis of another blade that comprises said tool
  • the tool The object of the present invention has the advantage of using only one blade to cut the sheath along two different axes with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cable.
  • the presence of a single blade within the tool reduces the manufacturing cost of the latter and the maintenance cost, the blade is mainly the only element of the tool that wears.
  • the invention also fulfills the following characteristics, implemented separately or in each of their technically operating combinations.
  • the term longitudinal axis of the cable the central longitudinal axis of the cylinder that represents said cable.
  • circular section of the cable sheath a section in the sheath forming a revolution about the longitudinal central axis of the generally cylindrical shape that generally adopts a cable.
  • the first jaw comprises a first connecting member to which is attached a first spreader whose at least one first arm carries the blade, the position of the blade being dependent on the position of the first connecting member, said first liaison body being orientable in at least two different positions selected from a position of the first connecting member corresponding to the positioning of the blade along the first cutting axis C and a position of the first connecting member corresponding to the positioning of the blade along the second cutting axis L.
  • the tool which is the subject of the present invention comprises means of rotation of the first link member configured to pass said first link member from one of its positions to the other.
  • At least one second arm of the spreader carries a cable guide element, the position of said guide element being dependent on the position of the first connecting member, said guide element being positioned so as to guide the cable in rotation about the longitudinal axis I of the cable for a circular section of the cable sheath when the first connecting member is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade along the first cutting axis C, and being positioned so as to guide the cable in translation along its longitudinal axis I for a longitudinal section of the cable sheath when the first connecting member is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade along the second cutting axis L.
  • the cable guide element is in the form of a diabolo free to rotate along an axis D of revolution corresponding to the shared height of the cone truncated forming the diabolo, said axis D of revolution being parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable when the first connecting member is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade along the first cutting axis C, and orthogonal to the longitudinal axis I of the cable when the first connecting member is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade along the second cutting axis L.
  • diabolo form means a shape comprising two inverted truncated cones, said truncated cones facing each other by their small bases. Said truncated cones have the same longitudinal axis of truncated cone height.
  • truncated cone should be interpreted broadly here as representing a decreasing or increasing monotonic cross-sectional shape.
  • the first lifter is attached at least by its center to the first connecting member freely in rotation along an axis F orthogonal to the cutting axis of the blade, so as to allow a rocking movement of the first spreader about the axis F according to the forces that apply to at least one arm of the first spreader when the jaw formed by the first jaw and the second jaw grips the cable.
  • the second jaw comprises a second connecting member to which is attached a second spreader of which at least one first arm carries one of the two guide members and at least one second arm carries the other two guide elements, the position of the two guide elements being dependent on the position of the second connecting member, said second connecting member being orientable in at least two distinct positions selected from a position of the second connecting member corresponding to a positioning of the two guide elements in the position intended to guide the cable in rotation about the longitudinal axis I of the cable and a position of the second connecting member corresponding to a positioning of the two guide elements in the position intended to guide the cable in translation along its longitudinal axis I.
  • the tool comprises means for rotating the second connecting member configured to pass said second connecting member from one of its positions to the other.
  • the two cable guide elements that comprise the second jaw are each in the form of a diabolo freely rotatable about a respective axis of revolution RI and RM corresponding to the shared height of the two truncated cones respectively forming each diabolo, said axes RI and RM of revolution of the two diabolos being parallel to each other and being parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable when the two guide elements are in the position for guiding the cable in rotation about the longitudinal axis I of the cable, and being orthogonal to the longitudinal axis I of the cable when the two guide elements are in the position intended guiding the cable in translation along its longitudinal axis I.
  • At least one of the guide elements in the form of a diabolo comprises grooves, said tool further comprising means for rotating the diabolo grooved along its axis RI of revolution.
  • the rotating drive means of the diabolo grooved will allow the user to rotate said diabolo grooved along its axis of revolution RI, and the grooves will allow good adhesion of the diabolo to the cable, thus causing the cable in a translation movement along the longitudinal axis I when the axis of revolution RI is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis I of the cable.
  • the grooves have no use in the case of the circular cut of the sheath (when the axis of revolution RI is parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable). Indeed, in such a case the cable is in support on the circular stop of the large base of each truncated cone of the diabolo. The circular cut is then facilitated because the diabolos are free in rotation.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a view of the tool for stripping the outer sheath of a cable object of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the object of the present invention whose blade is in position to make a section along a first cutting axis C orthogonal to the longitudinal axis I of the cable;
  • Figure 3 illustrates the object of the present invention whose blade is in position to make a section along a first cutting axis L parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable;
  • Figure 4 shows an exploded view of the first beam, the blade it carries and the guide element that it carries and the means of rotation of the first connecting member that comprises the first jaw;
  • Figure 5 shows an exploded view of the second beam and the two guide elements that it carries and the rotation means of the second connecting member that comprises the second jaw.
  • the frame 23 comprises two parallel guide columns 26, rigidly joined at the end by at least two spacers 27, which in combination with the two columns 26 define a rigid frame, dimensionally stable, rectangular.
  • the two jaws 24, 25 are slidably mounted on the two columns 26 and are arranged symmetrically with respect to a geometric plane P (not shown in the figures) median to the frame and orthogonal to the columns 26.
  • the two jaws 24, 25 have substantially substantially equal shapes and masses and the two spacers 27 also have equal shapes and masses, the center of gravity of the tool 20 is brought back in a space for housing the cable 22 between the two jaws 24, 25. This reduces the importance of parasitic forces due to poor distribution of masses, these parasitic forces being a nuisance for the user when the manual drive of the tool 20 around the cable 22.
  • the guide columns 26, of circular cross section, are engaged in bores made in the spacers 27 and are immobilized in these bores by pins.
  • One of the guide columns 26 has, at one of its ends, beyond the spacer 27 corresponding, a radial extension, forming a crank, endowed with a handle 28, in the form of a ball by example, rotatably mounted on said extension.
  • the adjustment mechanism ensures a symmetrical displacement and a symmetrical positioning of the two jaws 24, 25, relative to the plane P and whatever their spacing.
  • This adjustment mechanism comprises a threaded rod 29 carrying at its proximal end an operating knob 30.
  • This rod 29 extends parallel to the guide columns 26.
  • the rod 29 is rotatably engaged by a cylindrical smooth bearing that it has at a distance from its proximal end, in a proximal bearing mounted in a fixing in a through bore formed in the spacer 27 proximal.
  • the rod 29 has at the distal end a second smooth bearing by which it is engaged in rotation in a distal bearing mounted in a fixation in a bore in the spacer 27 distal.
  • the threaded rod 29 is immobilized in translation relative to the frame 23 by a first proximal shoulder formed at a distance from its proximal end and designed to bear against the proximal bearing and by a distal shoulder formed at a distance from its distal end and intended to come to bear against the distal bearing.
  • the rod 29 has a first threaded portion for receiving a rotational locking nut. Behind this first threaded portion, is formed on the rod 29, a second threaded portion adapted to be engaged in a blind thread formed in the operating knob 30.
  • the operating knob 30 of the threaded rod 29 and the gripping handle 28 occupy with respect to each other two opposite positions, distant from each other. the other and that this knob 30 with the handle 28 is intended to be grasped by the user for the operation of the tool 20 in the stripping action of the cable 22.
  • the rod 29 comprises a first threaded section in a pitch on the right engaged in screwing in a through thread formed in one of the two jaws 24, 25, and a second threaded section in a left step engaged in a through thread made in the other jaws, the two threaded sections developing symmetrically with respect to the plane P.
  • the two threaded sections have steps of the same value.
  • the proximal shoulder is formed at the proximal end of the proximal threaded section and the distal shoulder is formed at the distal end of the distal threaded section of the shaft 29.
  • the first jaw 24 has a cutting blade 31.
  • this blade 31 may be circular and may comprise at least one cylindrical shoulder 32 acting as an abutment for the sheath 21 of cable 22 and thus defining the cutting depth of the blade 31 in the sheath 21 according to the distance between said shoulder 32 and the top 33 of the blade 31.
  • Said blade 31 is steerable in at least two distinct positions chosen from a position along a first cutting axis C orthogonal to a longitudinal axis I of the cable 22 in which the blade 31 is intended to make a circular cut of the sheath 21 of the cable 22 (position illustrated in Figure 2), and a position along a second cutting axis L parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable 22 in which the blade 31 is intended to make a longitudinal section of the sheath 21 of the cable 22 (illustrated position in Figure 1 and Figure 3).
  • the first jaw 24 further comprises a first connecting member 34 to which is attached a first spreader 35 comprising at least a first arm 36.
  • the first arm 36 of the first spreader 35 carries the blade 31.
  • the blade 31 is circular, it can be mounted on said first arm 36 freely in rotation along an axis orthogonal to the cutting axis.
  • the blade 31 is mounted on said at least one first arm 36 so that it is detachable, for example, the blade 31 is held on said first arm 36 by screwing means.
  • the position of the blade 31 is dependent on the position of the first beam 35.
  • the position of the first beam 35 is dependent on the position of the first connecting member 34.
  • the position of the blade 31 is therefore dependent on the position of the first beam member 35.
  • Said first connecting member 34 is steerable in at least two different positions selected from a position of the first connecting member 34 corresponding to the positioning of the blade 31 along the first cutting axis C ( Figure 2) and a position of the first connecting member 34 corresponding to the positioning of the blade 31 along the second cutting axis L ( Figure 3).
  • said first connecting member 34 has the overall shape of a rectangular parallelepiped whose upper face 37 faces the first jaw 24 and is opposed to a lower face 38 of said first connecting member 34 facing the cable. 22 when the latter is sandwiched between the first jaw 24 and the second jaw 25 of the tool 20.
  • the first connecting member 34 has a recess 39 forming a hollow seat at its upper face 37.
  • Such a recess 39 can have the overall shape of a rectangular parallelepiped as illustrated in Figure 4.
  • a rudder is generally formed of two longitudinal arms connected together in a binding plane called the center of the rudder.
  • the first rudder 35 is attached at least at its center to the first connecting member 34.
  • the first rudder 35 is attached at least at its center to the first connecting member 34 in a free manner. rotation along an axis F parallel to the plane P so as to allow a rocking movement to the first spreader 35 about the axis F depending on the forces that apply to each arm of the first spreader 35 due to the presence of the cable 22
  • the axis F passes through two opposite lateral faces of the rectangular parallelepiped which globally represents the first connecting member 34.
  • the permission of such a rocking movement has the advantage of allowing the tool 20 to continue to perform its cutting duty even if the cable 22 has some variations in sheath thickness varying the diameter of the cable 22, a relief irregular or that the cable 22 is set in motion, during a sheath cut 21 performed by the tool 20. This allows in particular to facilitate the entry and exit of the cable 22 from its position between the first jaw 24 and the second jaw 25.
  • said at least one first arm 36 of the first lifter 35 carries the cutting blade 31 and the first lifter 35 comprises at least one second arm 40.
  • Said second arm 40 carries a guide element 41 of the cable 22.
  • the position of the guide element 41 is, as for the position of the blade 31, dependent on the position of the first crossbar 35 and therefore the position of the first connecting member 34.
  • said guide member 41 is positioned so as to guide the cable 22 in rotation about the longitudinal axis I of the cable 22 for a circular section of the sheath 21 of the cable 22 when the first connecting member 34 is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade 31 according to the first cutting axis C ( Figure 2)
  • said guide member 41 is positioned to guide the cable 22 in translation along its longitudinal axis I for a longitudinal section of the sheath 21 of the cable 22 when the first connecting member 34 is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade 31 along the second cutting axis L ( Figure 3).
  • the guide element 41 of the cable 22 is in the form of a diabolo
  • Diabolo means a form comprising two inverted truncated cones, said truncated cones facing each other by their small bases. Said truncated cones have the same longitudinal axis of truncated cone height.
  • truncated cone should be interpreted broadly here as representing a decreasing or increasing monotonic cross-sectional shape.
  • the first lifter 35 may be a double spreader, each of the two lifters comprises a center respectively connected to an opposite face of the first connecting member 34 so that the two lifters are free in rotation along the same axis F and thus can perform rocking movements as indicated above.
  • Each of the two spreaders of the double first spreader 35 comprises a first arm 36 and a second arm 40, the first two arms 36 being parallel to each other and carrying the blade 31 held together, and the two second arms 40 being parallel to each other and carrying the guide element 41 between them.
  • the guide element 41 of the first lifter 35 which is in the form of a diabolo, is positioned between the two second arms 40 so that the large base of a first truncated cone opens on one of the second arm 40 of the first beam 35 and the large base of a second truncated cone opens on the other second arm 40 of the first beam 35, said first and second truncated cones facing each other by their small bases.
  • the first jaw 24 comprises means for rotating the first connecting member 34 for orienting said first connecting member 34 in each of the at least two distinct positions that it can adopt.
  • the rotation means here also serve as attachment means for the first connecting member 34 to the first jaw 24.
  • These means of rotation comprise for example a push button 42 configured to be in an initial position or a depressed position (when it is actuated) said push button 42 having an elastic return means in initial position such as a spring 43.
  • the push button 42 is positioned on an outer surface 44 of the first jaw 24 opposite to the inner surface 45 of the first jaw 24 said internal surface 45 facing the cable 22 when the latter is sandwiched between the first jaw 24 and the second jaw 25 of the tool 20.
  • the rotation means of the first jaw 24 also comprise a longitudinal shaft 46 of rotation, in the form of a cylinder with a longitudinal axis A of revolution perpendicular to the plane P.
  • Said shaft 46 is attached to the push button 42 by one of its ends and crosses the first jaw 24 along the axis A.
  • the shaft 46 passes through the outer surface 44 and the inner surface 45 of the first jaw 24.
  • Said shaft 46 is attached to the push button 42 so as to prevent any relative rotation of the shaft 46 relative to the push button 42 along the axis A.
  • Said shaft 46 is furthermore fixedly connected in rotation along the axis A to a connecting plate 47 at its end opposite to that connected to the push button 42.
  • Said connecting plate 47 cooperates with the recess 39 forming a seat in the first connecting member 34 so as to prohibit any movement of relative rotation along the axis A of the connecting plate 47 with respect to the recess 39 and therefore with respect to the first connecting member 34.
  • the connecting plate 47 further comprises notches 48 on its upper face 49 facing the inner surface 45 of the first jaw 24. These notches 48 cooperate with at least one pin (not visible in the figures) positioned on the inner surface 45 the first jaw 24 so as to prohibit any rotational movement of the connecting plate 47 and therefore the first connecting member 34, along the axis A. This cooperation corresponds to an initial position of the push button 42.
  • the push button 42 When the push button 42 is actuated, that is to say pressed by the user of the tool 20 to the first jaw 24 along the axis A, the notches 48 of the connecting plate 47 and said at least one stud of the first jaw 24 do not cooperate and thus the connecting plate 47 is free to rotate along the axis A.
  • the first connecting member 34 being fixedly secured to the plate link 47, itself fixedly secured to the shaft 46 which is fixedly secured to the push button 42, a rotation of the pushbutton 42 along the axis A when actuated by the user, allows to pass a position of the first connecting member 34 corresponding to one of the positions of the blade 31 at a position of the first connecting member 34 corresponding to another position of the blade 31.
  • the elastic return means that it comprises and the notches 48 of the connecting plate 47 cooperate again with said at least one pin of the first jaws 24 preventing again rotation of said connecting plate 47 along the axis A.
  • the second jaw 25 of the tool 20 comprises two guiding elements
  • the second jaw 25 further comprises a second connecting member 52 to which is attached a second spreader 53, at least one first arm 54 carries one of the two guide members 50 and at least one second arm 55 carries the other of the two guide elements 51.
  • the position of the two guide elements 50, 51 is dependent on the position of the second crossbar 53 whose position is dependent on the position of the second connecting member 52.
  • the position of the two guide elements 50, 51 is therefore dependent on the position of the second connecting member 52.
  • Said second connecting member 52 is steerable in at least two different positions selected from a position of the second connecting member 52 corresponding to a positioning of the two guide members 50, 51, in the position intended for guiding the cable 22 in rotation around the longitudinal axis I of the cable 22 and a position of the second connecting member 52 corresponding to a positioning of the two guide elements 50, 51, in the position for guiding the cable 22 in translation along its longitudinal axis I.
  • the two guide elements 50, 51, of the cable 22 that comprises the second jaw 25 are each in the form of a diabolo free to rotate along a respective axis of revolution RI and RM corresponding to the shared height two truncated cones respectively forming each diabolo, said axes RI and RM of revolution of the two diabolos being parallel to each other and being parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable 22 when the two guide elements 50, 51, are in the position for guiding the cable 22 in rotation about the longitudinal axis I of the cable 22, and being orthogonal to the longitudinal axis I of the cable 22 when the two guide elements 50, 51 are in the position intended for guiding the cable 22 in translation along its longitudinal axis I.
  • said second connecting member 52 has the overall shape of a rectangular parallelepiped whose upper face 56 faces the second jaw 25 and is opposed to a lower face 57 of the second connecting member 52 facing the cable. 22 when the latter is sandwiched between the first jaw 24 and the second 25 jaws of the tool 20.
  • the second connecting member 52 has a recess 58 forming a hollow seat at its upper face 56.
  • Such a recess 58 can have the overall shape of a rectangular parallelepiped as shown in Figure 5.
  • the second lifter 53 is attached at its center to the second connecting member 52.
  • the second lifter 53 is attached centrally to the second connecting member 52 in a fixed manner in rotation along an axis E parallel to the plane P.
  • the axis E passes through two opposite sides of the parallelepiped rectangle that represents overall the second connecting member 52.
  • the second lifter 53 is attached at its center to the second connecting member 52 in a fixed manner in rotation along an axis E parallel to the plane P so as to allow a rocking movement to the second rudder 53 about the axis E depending on the forces that apply to each of the arms 54, 55, the second lifter 53 due to the presence of the cable 22.
  • the advantage of the rocker movement of the second lifter 53 is the same as the advantage of the rocking movement of the first lifter 35.
  • the second lifter 53 may be a double spreader, each of the two lifters comprises a center respectively connected to an opposite face of the second connecting member 52 so that the two lifters are fixed in rotation around the same axis E.
  • each center of the two pedals is respectively connected to an opposite face of the second connecting member 52 so that the two pedals are free to rotate around the same axis E and can thus perform rocking movements.
  • Each of the two pedals of the double second pedestal 53 comprises a first arm 54 and a second arm 55, the first two arms 54 being parallel to each other and carrying one of the two guide elements 50 held together, and the two second arms 55 being parallel between them and carrying the other of the two guide elements 51 between them.
  • one of said two guide members 50 is positioned between the first two arms 54 of the second lifter 53 so that the large base of a first truncated cone opens on one of the first arms 54 of the second spreader 53 and the large base of a second truncated cone opens on the other of the first two arms 54 of the second spreader 53, said first and second truncated cones facing each other by their small bases.
  • the other of said two guide elements 51 is positioned between the two second arms 55 of the second spreader 53 so that the large base of a first frustum cone opens onto one of the second arms 55 of the second lifter 53 and the large base 53 'a second truncated cone opens on the other of the two second arms 55 of the second lifter 53, said first and second truncated cones facing each other by their small bases.
  • One of the two guide members 50 of the second jaw 25 which is in the form of a diabolo has grooves 59. These grooves 59 are disposed on each of the cone truncated diabolo longitudinally from the small base to the large base.
  • Said tool 20 further comprises means for rotating the diabolo grooved along its axis RI of revolution.
  • Such rotational drive means may for example comprise a rotary drive button 60 connected to the center of a large base of the diabolo grooved fixedly in rotation along the axis RI with respect to the grooved diabolo.
  • the rotation drive according to the axis RI by the user of the drive button 60 rotates the diabolo grooved along the axis RI.
  • the rotary drive button 60 may be configured to cooperate with a tool external to the tool 20 of the present invention.
  • it may comprise a hexagonal recess so as to cooperate with a key awl or according to another example it may comprise a square recess or a conductive square, so as to cooperate with a ratchet wrench.
  • the second jaw 25 comprises means for rotating the second connecting member 52 for orienting said second connecting member 52 in each of the at least two distinct positions that it can adopt.
  • the rotation means here also serve as attachment means of the second connecting member 52 to the second jaw 25.
  • These means of rotation comprise for example a push button 61 configured to be in an initial position or a depressed position (when it is actuated) said push button 61 comprising an elastic return means in initial position such as a spring 62.
  • Said push button 61 is positioned on an outer surface 63 of the second jaw 25 opposite the inner surface 64 of the second jaw 25 said inner surface 64 facing the cable 22 when the latter is sandwiched between the first jaw 24 and the second jaw 25 of the tool 20.
  • the rotation means of the second jaw 25 also comprise a longitudinal shaft 65 of rotation, shaped like a cylinder with a longitudinal axis A of perpendicular to the plane P.
  • Said shaft 65 is attached to the push button 42 by one of its ends and passes through the second jaw 25 along the axis A.
  • the shaft 65 passes through the outer surface 63 and the inner surface 64 of the second jaw 25
  • Said shaft 65 is attached to the push button 61 so as to prevent any relative rotation of the shaft 65 with respect to the push button 61 along the axis A.
  • Said shaft 65 is furthermore fixedly connected in rotation along the axis A to a connecting plate 66 at its end opposite to that connected to the push button 61.
  • the connecting plate 66 that comprises the rotation means comprised by the second jaw 25, further comprises notches 67 on its upper face 68 facing the inner surface 64 of the second jaw 25. These notches 67 cooperate with at least one nipple (Not visible in the figures) positioned on the inner surface 64 of the second jaw 25 so as to prohibit any rotational movement of said connecting plate 66 and thus the second connecting member 52, along the axis A. This corresponds to a initial position of the push button 61 included by the rotation means comprised by the second jaw 25.
  • the second connecting member 52 being firmly attached to andte connecting plate 66, itself fixedly secured to the shaft 65 which is fixedly secured to the push button 61, a rotation of the button pushbutton 61 along the axis A when actuated by the user, makes it possible to move from a position of the second connecting member 52 corresponding to one of the positions of the two guide elements 50, 51, to a position of the second member link 52 corresponding to another position of the two guide elements 50, 51.
  • the elastic return means that it comprises and the notches 67 of the connecting plate 66 cooperate again with said at least one pin of the second jaws 25 again preventing any rotation of said plate 66 along the axis A.
  • the tool 20 comprises a cutting head comprising the blade 31, said cutting head comprising means for adjusting the cutting depth of the blade in the outer sheath 21 of the cable 22.
  • a cutting head section is described in the French patent application FR1760316 of the applicant filed November 2, 2017.

Landscapes

  • Removal Of Insulation Or Armoring From Wires Or Cables (AREA)
  • Knives (AREA)

Abstract

According to a first aspect, the present invention relates to a tool 20 for stripping the external sheath 21 of a cable 22, said tool 20 having a first jaw 24 and a second jaw 25 that together form a clamping jaw intended to surround the cable 22, at least the first jaw 24 having a cutting blade 31, said blade 31 being orientable in at least two different positions chosen from a position along a first cutting axis C orthogonal to a longitudinal axis I of the cable 22, in which position the blade 31 is intended to carry out a circular cut of the sheath 21 of the cable 22, and a position along a second cutting axis L parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable 22, in which position the blade 31 is intended to carry out a longitudinal cut of the sheath 21 of the cable 22.

Description

OUTIL POUR DÉGAINER À LAME ORIENTABLE  TOOL FOR DEGAINING WITH ORIENTABLE BLADE
Domaine de l'invention Field of the invention
La présente invention est du domaine de l'outillage utilisé pour l'apprêtement, notamment des extrémités des câbles des lignes électriques enterrées en vue d'en retirer sur une longueur appropriée les couches isolantes et semi-conductrices qui protègent le conducteur électrique central.  The present invention is in the field of tooling used for the finishing, in particular of the ends of the cables of the buried electric lines, in order to remove the insulating and semiconducting layers which protect the central electrical conductor over a suitable length.
La présente invention concerne plus particulièrement un outil pour dégainer la gaine d'un câble, comprenant une seule lame dont l'orientation est changeable pour effectuer une coupe circulaire ou longitudinale de ladite gaine.  The present invention relates more particularly to a tool for stripping the sheath of a cable, comprising a single blade whose orientation is changeable to perform a circular or longitudinal cut of said sheath.
Etat de l'art  State of the art
Typiquement, la plupart des câbles des lignes électriques possèdent autour de l'âme centrale métallique, une gaine externe protectrice isolante.  Typically, most of the cables of the electrical lines have around the central metal core, an insulating protective outer sheath.
En vue du raccordement des câbles d'un premier réseau vers un deuxième réseau, les extrémités des câbles son dénudées pour dégager l'âme conductrice. Cette âme est ensuite engagée dans des boîtiers de raccordement appropriés.  In order to connect the cables of a first network to a second network, the ends of the cables are stripped to release the conductive core. This core is then engaged in suitable junction boxes.
On connaît déjà divers outils pour apprêter les câbles. Ces outils mettent en œuvre deux mors antagonistes formant une mâchoire, chaque mors ayant la forme d'un V délimitant avec le V de l'autre mors, un logement dans lequel est introduite l'extrémité du câble à apprêter. Les deux mors sont montés sur un même bâti de manière mobile pour l'un et de manière fixe pour l'autre. Typiquement, le mors mobile est actionné par un mécanisme de type vis et écrou, l'écrou étant formé dans ou porté par le mors mobile, tandis que la vis est portée par le bâti. L'un au moins des deux mors porte une lame de coupe faisant saillie dans le logement du câble pour venir par entraînement en rotation de l'outil sur le câble découper la gaine externe.  Various tools are already known for priming the cables. These tools use two jaws antagonists forming a jaw, each jaw having the shape of a V defining with the V of the other jaw, a housing into which is introduced the end of the cable to be primed. The two jaws are mounted on the same frame movably for one and fixed for the other. Typically, the movable jaw is actuated by a screw-type mechanism and nut, the nut being formed in or carried by the movable jaw, while the screw is carried by the frame. At least one of the two jaws carries a cutting blade protruding into the cable housing to come by rotating the tool on the cable cut the outer sheath.
De tels outils sont connus de nombreux documents brevet, on peut citer par exemple la demande de brevet FR 2 121 141 qui montre un outil pour apprêter un câble électrique. Selon ce document, des lames de coupe sont montées sur l'une des faces latérales des mors et sont maintenues chacune en position par une vis de serrage engagée d'abord dans un perçage traversant de la lame et ensuite dans un taraudage du bloc. Pour ajuster la lame en position, et par voie de conséquence, régler la profondeur de coupe, le perçage traversant est organisé en lumière oblongue. Such tools are known from numerous patent documents, for example patent application FR 2 121 141 which shows a tool for preparing an electric cable. According to this document, cutting blades are mounted on one of the side faces of the jaws and are each held in position by a clamping screw engaged first in a through bore of the blade and then into a tapping of the block. To adjust the blade in position, and consequently, adjust the depth of cut, the through hole is organized in oblong light.
Un tel outil ne permet pas de découper la gaine externe d'un câble longitudinalement selon l'axe longitudinal du câble en plus de la découper de manière circulaire autour de l'axe central longitudinal du câble.  Such a tool does not cut the outer sheath of a cable longitudinally along the longitudinal axis of the cable in addition to the circular cut around the longitudinal central axis of the cable.
On connaît déjà également un outil de type formé de deux bras articulés à la manière d'une pince, chacun des deux bras formant, d'un côté de l'axe principal de rotation de la pince, un mors portant deux lames coupantes en forme de disques et libres en rotation, et de l'autre côté de l'axe de rotation, un bras de levier sur lequel s'exerce la pression de la main. En ouvrant la pince, on place les quatre lames coupantes de part et d'autre du câble et par pression sur les bras de levier puis manœuvre de la pince autour du câble, on peut réaliser la découpe circulaire complète de la gaine. La pince comporte encore une cinquième lame latérale circulaire, portée par l'extrémité de l'un des mors et dont le plan de coupe est à une distance prédéterminée du dit mors, parallèlement au plan d'articulation de la pince. La dite cinquième lame latérale est placée en opposition par rapport à un galet de guidage porté par l'autre mors et sur lequel on peut faire glisser le câble. Pour réaliser la découpe longitudinale de la gaine, il suffit de placer le câble sur le galet, d'exercer une pression sur les leviers de la pince et de déplacer ladite pince le long du câble par un mouvement de va et vient. Enfin, la pince comporte au moins une lame tranchante plate, disposée aux extrémités des mors et perpendiculairement au plan d'articulation de la pince, qui permet, après avoir réalisé la découpe circulaire et la découpe longitudinale, de retirer le morceau d'isolant prédécoupé par les lames circulaires. Un premier inconvénient de cette pince est d'être limitée en ouverture ce qui nécessite de disposer de plusieurs tailles de pince selon les diamètres des câbles à dénuder. La demande de brevet FR 2 823 919 divulgue un outil permettant de résoudre ce problème d'adaptation à différents diamètres de câble mais cet outil fait appel à plusieurs lames de coupe, ce qui renchérit le coût de ce dernier ainsi que le coût de son entretien, les éléments soumis à usure étant les lames. Le brevet JP 4 369 920 décrit un outil pour dégainer la gaine d'un câble, ledit outil comportant un premier mors et un second mors formant à eux deux une mâchoire destinée à enserrer le câble. Le premier mors comporte une lame de coupe, ladite lame étant orientable dans deux positions distinctes choisies parmi une position selon un premier axe de coupe orthogonal à un axe longitudinal du câble dans laquelle la lame est destinée à réaliser une coupe circulaire de la gaine du câble, et une position selon un deuxième axe de coupe parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du câble dans laquelle la lame est destinée à réaliser une coupe longitudinale de la gaine du câble. Le deuxième mors comporte quant à lui deux éléments de guidage du câble. Also known is a tool of the type formed of two arms articulated in the manner of a clamp, each of the two arms forming, on one side of the main axis of rotation of the clamp, a jaw carrying two cutting blades shaped of discs and free in rotation, and on the other side of the axis of rotation, a lever arm on which the pressure of the hand is exerted. By opening the clamp, the four cutting blades are placed on either side of the cable and by pressing on the lever arms and then maneuvering the clamp around the cable, it is possible to perform the complete circular cut of the sheath. The clamp also comprises a fifth circular lateral blade, carried by the end of one of the jaws and whose cutting plane is at a predetermined distance from said jaw, parallel to the plane of articulation of the clamp. Said fifth lateral blade is placed in opposition with respect to a guide roller carried by the other jaw and on which the cable can be slid. To make the longitudinal cut of the sheath, simply place the cable on the roller, exert pressure on the levers of the clamp and move said clamp along the cable by a movement back and forth. Finally, the clamp comprises at least one flat cutting blade, disposed at the ends of the jaws and perpendicularly to the hinge plane of the clamp, which allows, after making the circular cut and the longitudinal cut, to remove the pre-cut piece of insulation. by the circular blades. A first disadvantage of this clamp is to be limited in opening which requires to have several sizes of clamp according to the diameters of the cables to be stripped. The patent application FR 2 823 919 discloses a tool for solving this problem of adaptation to different cable diameters but this tool uses several cutting blades, which increases the cost of the latter as well as the cost of its maintenance , the elements subjected to wear being the blades. JP 4 369 920 discloses a tool for stripping the sheath of a cable, said tool comprising a first jaw and a second jaw forming between them a jaw for gripping the cable. The first jaw comprises a cutting blade, said blade being steerable in two different positions chosen from a position along a first cutting axis orthogonal to a longitudinal axis of the cable in which the blade is intended to make a circular cut of the cable sheath. , and a position along a second cutting axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cable in which the blade is intended to make a longitudinal section of the cable sheath. The second jaw has meanwhile two guide elements of the cable.
La demande de brevet US 2013/0000128 divulgue également un outil pour dégainer la gaine d'un câble, ledit outil comportant un premier mors et un second mors reliés l'un à l'autre à la manière d'une pince et formant à eux deux une mâchoire destinée à enserrer le câble. Le premier mors comporte une lame de coupe destinée à réaliser une coupe circulaire de la gaine du câble, c'est-à-dire une coupe orthogonale à un axe longitudinal du câble, et une coupe longitudinale de la gaine du câble, c'est-à-dire une coupe parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du câble, et cela selon un seul et même axe de coupe car la lame n'est pas orientable dans plusieurs positions. Le second mors comprend une platine de support du câble comportant deux éléments de support. La platine est configurée pour recevoir et supporter le câble dans deux positions de câble différentes. La platine est notamment orientable dans une position de chargement permettant l'introduction du câble dans la platine suivant l'une ou l'autre des deux positions de câble, et une position de coupe permettant la coupe circulaire ou longitudinale du câble en fonction de la position du câble choisie dans la platine. Ce dispositif possède l'inconvénient de devoir sortir le câble de l'outil afin de changer son orientation dans la platine pour pouvoir changer le type de coupe de la gaine. Exposé de l'invention  The patent application US 2013/0000128 also discloses a tool for stripping the sheath of a cable, said tool comprising a first jaw and a second jaw connected to each other in the manner of a clamp and forming their own two a jaw to grip the cable. The first jaw comprises a cutting blade intended to make a circular cut of the sheath of the cable, that is to say a cut orthogonal to a longitudinal axis of the cable, and a longitudinal section of the sheath of the cable, it is that is to say a section parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cable, and this according to a single cutting axis because the blade is not steerable in several positions. The second jaw comprises a cable support plate having two support members. The board is configured to receive and support the cable in two different cable positions. The plate is particularly steerable in a loading position allowing the introduction of the cable in the plate following one or the other of the two cable positions, and a cutting position allowing the circular or longitudinal cut of the cable according to the position of the chosen cable in the plate. This device has the disadvantage of having to remove the cable from the tool to change its orientation in the platen to be able to change the type of cut of the sheath. Presentation of the invention
La présente invention a pour objet de résoudre les inconvénients précédemment cités en mettant en œuvre un outil de dénudage à main qui dont le cout est amoindri et avec lequel il est possible de dénuder des câbles de différents diamètres en découpant la gaine externe d'un câble longitudinalement selon l'axe longitudinal du câble en plus de la découper de manière circulaire autour de l'axe central longitudinal du câble. The present invention aims to solve the disadvantages mentioned above by implementing a hand stripping tool whose cost is reduced and with which it is possible to strip cables of different diameters by cutting the outer sheath of a cable longitudinally along the longitudinal axis of the cable in addition to cutting it circularly around the longitudinal central axis of the cable.
À cet effet, selon un premier aspect, la présente invention vise un outil pour dégainer la gaine externe d'un câble, ledit outil comportant un premier mors et un second mors formant à eux deux une mâchoire destinée à enserrer le câble, ledit outil comportant en outre les caractéristiques suivantes :  For this purpose, according to a first aspect, the present invention provides a tool for stripping the outer sheath of a cable, said tool comprising a first jaw and a second jaw forming between them a jaw for gripping the cable, said tool comprising in addition the following characteristics:
- au moins le premier mors comporte une lame de coupe, ladite lame étant orientable dans au moins deux positions distinctes choisies parmi une position selon un premier axe de coupe C orthogonal à un axe I longitudinal du câble dans laquelle la lame est destinée à réaliser une coupe circulaire de la gaine du câble et une position selon un deuxième axe de coupe L parallèle à l'axe I longitudinal du câble dans laquelle la lame est destinée à réaliser une coupe longitudinale de la gaine du câble ;  at least the first jaw comprises a cutting blade, said blade being steerable in at least two distinct positions chosen from a position along a first cutting axis C orthogonal to a longitudinal axis of the cable in which the blade is intended to provide a circular section of the sheath of the cable and a position along a second cutting axis L parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable in which the blade is intended to make a longitudinal section of the cable sheath;
- le second mors (25) comprend deux éléments de guidage (50, 51 ) du câble (22) orientables dans au moins deux positions distinctes choisies parmi une position dans laquelle lesdits éléments de guidage (50, 51 ) sont positionnés de sorte à guider le câble (22) en rotation autour de l'axe I longitudinal du câble (22) pour une coupe circulaire de la gaine (21 ) du câble (22) lorsque la lame (31 ) est orientée dans la position selon le premier axe de coupe C, et une position dans laquelle lesdits éléments de guidage (50, 51 ) sont positionnés de sorte à guider le câble (22) en translation selon son axe I longitudinal pour une coupe longitudinale de la gaine (21 ) du câble (22) lorsque la lame (31 ) est orientée dans la position selon le deuxième axe de coupe L.  the second jaw (25) comprises two guide elements (50, 51) of the cable (22) which can be oriented in at least two distinct positions chosen from a position in which said guide elements (50, 51) are positioned so as to guide the cable (22) rotating about the longitudinal axis I of the cable (22) for a circular section of the sheath (21) of the cable (22) when the blade (31) is oriented in the position along the first axis of section C, and a position in which said guide elements (50, 51) are positioned so as to guide the cable (22) in translation along its longitudinal axis I for a longitudinal section of the sheath (21) of the cable (22) when the blade (31) is oriented in the position along the second cutting axis L.
L'outil objet de la présente invention a pour avantage de permettre de s'affranchir d'une pluralité d'outils différents pour dégainer la gaine externe d'un câble selon différents axes de coupe par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du câble. L'utilisateur d'un outil objet de la présente invention bénéficie ainsi d'un seul outil avec une seule lame pour effectuer des coupes différentes de la gaine externe d'un câble. De plus, la combinaison de la possibilité d'orienter la lame dans au moins deux positions distinctes et de la possibilité d'orienter les deux éléments de guidages également dans au moins deux positions distinctes, permet à l'utilisateur de ne pas avoir à retirer le câble de l'outil pour changer de type de coupe de la gaine du câble (circulaire/longitudinale). En effet, la simple rotation du premier mors et du second mors dans la position adéquat permet à l'utilisateur de passer d'un type de coupe de la gaine à l'autre. Cela représente un avantage considérable en temps de manipulation et le fait d'éviter à l'utilisateur la manipulation directe du câble pour changer de type de coupe permet de diminuer les risques encourus lors d'une telle manipulation, par exemple les risques d'électrocution dans certains cas. The object of the present invention has the advantage of eliminating a plurality of different tools for stripping the outer sheath of a cable along different cutting axes with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cable. The user of a tool object of the present invention thus benefits from a single tool with a single blade for making different cuts of the outer sheath of a cable. In addition, the combination of the possibility of orienting the blade in at least two distinct positions and the possibility of orienting the two guide elements also in at least two distinct positions, allows the user not to have to remove the cable from the tool to change the type of cut of the cable sheath (circular / longitudinal). Indeed, the simple rotation of the first jaw and the second jaw in the proper position allows the user to switch from one type of cut of the sheath to another. This represents a considerable advantage in handling time and avoiding the user direct manipulation of the cable to change the type of cut reduces the risks involved in such handling, for example the risk of electrocution in some cases.
Cet outil permet aussi de s'affranchir d'une pluralité de lames au sein d'un outil pour dégainer la gaine externe d'un câble selon deux axes différents par rapport à l'axe longitudinal dudit câble. En effet, par rapport à un outil comportant plusieurs lames, chaque lame différente étant destinée à couper la gaine d'un câble selon un axe de coupe différent de l'axe de coupe d'une autre lame que comporte ledit outil, l'outil objet de la présente invention a pour avantage de n'utiliser qu'une seule lame pour effectuer la coupe de la gaine selon deux axes différents par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du câble. La présence d'une seule lame au sein de l'outil permet de réduire le coût de fabrication de ce dernier ainsi que le coût d'entretien, la lame étant principalement le seul élément de l'outil qui s'use.  This tool also makes it possible to overcome a plurality of blades within a tool to draw the outer sheath of a cable along two different axes relative to the longitudinal axis of said cable. Indeed, with respect to a tool comprising a plurality of blades, each different blade being intended to cut the sheath of a cable along a cutting axis different from the cutting axis of another blade that comprises said tool, the tool The object of the present invention has the advantage of using only one blade to cut the sheath along two different axes with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cable. The presence of a single blade within the tool reduces the manufacturing cost of the latter and the maintenance cost, the blade is mainly the only element of the tool that wears.
Suivant des modes de réalisation préférés, l'invention répond en outre aux caractéristiques suivantes, mises en œuvre séparément ou en chacune de leurs combinaisons techniquement opérantes.  According to preferred embodiments, the invention also fulfills the following characteristics, implemented separately or in each of their technically operating combinations.
De préférence, on entend par axe I longitudinal du câble, l'axe central longitudinal du cylindre que représente ledit câble.  Preferably, the term longitudinal axis of the cable, the central longitudinal axis of the cylinder that represents said cable.
On entend par coupe circulaire de la gaine du câble une coupe dans la gaine formant une révolution autour de l'axe central longitudinal de la forme globalement cylindrique qu'adopte généralement un câble.  The term circular section of the cable sheath a section in the sheath forming a revolution about the longitudinal central axis of the generally cylindrical shape that generally adopts a cable.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, le premier mors comporte un premier organe de liaison auquel est attaché un premier palonnier dont au moins un premier bras porte la lame, la position de la lame étant dépendante de la position du premier organe de liaison, ledit premier organe de liaison étant orientable dans au moins deux positions distinctes choisies parmi une position du premier organe de liaison correspondant au positionnement de la lame selon le premier axe de coupe C et une position du premier organe de liaison correspondant au positionnement de la lame selon le deuxième axe de coupe L. In a particular embodiment, the first jaw comprises a first connecting member to which is attached a first spreader whose at least one first arm carries the blade, the position of the blade being dependent on the position of the first connecting member, said first liaison body being orientable in at least two different positions selected from a position of the first connecting member corresponding to the positioning of the blade along the first cutting axis C and a position of the first connecting member corresponding to the positioning of the blade along the second cutting axis L.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, l'outil objet de la présente invention comporte des moyens de rotation du premier organe de liaison configurés pour faire passer ledit premier organe de liaison d'une de ses positions à l'autre.  According to a particular embodiment, the tool which is the subject of the present invention comprises means of rotation of the first link member configured to pass said first link member from one of its positions to the other.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de la présente invention, au moins un second bras du palonnier porte un élément de guidage du câble, la position dudit élément de guidage étant dépendante de la position du premier organe de liaison, ledit élément de guidage étant positionné de sorte à guider le câble en rotation autour de l'axe I longitudinal du câble pour une coupe circulaire de la gaine du câble lorsque le premier organe de liaison est dans la position correspondant au positionnement de la lame selon le premier axe de coupe C, et étant positionné de sorte à guider le câble en translation selon son axe I longitudinal pour une coupe longitudinale de la gaine du câble lorsque le premier organe de liaison est dans la position correspondant au positionnement de la lame selon le deuxième axe de coupe L.  According to a particular embodiment of the present invention, at least one second arm of the spreader carries a cable guide element, the position of said guide element being dependent on the position of the first connecting member, said guide element being positioned so as to guide the cable in rotation about the longitudinal axis I of the cable for a circular section of the cable sheath when the first connecting member is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade along the first cutting axis C, and being positioned so as to guide the cable in translation along its longitudinal axis I for a longitudinal section of the cable sheath when the first connecting member is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade along the second cutting axis L.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de la présente invention, l'élément de guidage du câble est sous la forme d'un diabolo libre en rotation selon un axe D de révolution correspondant à la hauteur partagée des troncs de cône formant le diabolo, ledit axe D de révolution étant parallèle à l'axe I longitudinal du câble lorsque le premier organe de liaison est dans la position correspondant au positionnement de la lame selon le premier axe de coupe C, et orthogonal à l'axe I longitudinal du câble lorsque le premier organe de liaison est dans la position correspondant au positionnement de la lame selon le deuxième axe de coupe L.  According to a particular embodiment of the present invention, the cable guide element is in the form of a diabolo free to rotate along an axis D of revolution corresponding to the shared height of the cone truncated forming the diabolo, said axis D of revolution being parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable when the first connecting member is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade along the first cutting axis C, and orthogonal to the longitudinal axis I of the cable when the first connecting member is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade along the second cutting axis L.
Dans le texte de la présente demande, on entend par forme de diabolo, une forme comportant deux troncs de cône inversés, lesdits troncs de cône se faisant face par leurs petites bases. Lesdits troncs de cône ont un même axe longitudinal de hauteur de tronc de cône. Le terme tronc de cône doit être ici interprété de manière large, comme représentant une forme de section transversale monotone décroissante ou croissante. In the text of the present application, diabolo form means a shape comprising two inverted truncated cones, said truncated cones facing each other by their small bases. Said truncated cones have the same longitudinal axis of truncated cone height. The term truncated cone should be interpreted broadly here as representing a decreasing or increasing monotonic cross-sectional shape.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de la présente invention, le premier palonnier est attaché au moins par son centre au premier organe de liaison de manière libre en rotation selon un axe F orthogonal à l'axe de coupe de la lame, de sorte à permettre un mouvement de bascule du premier palonnier autour de l'axe F en fonction des forces qui s'appliquent sur au moins un bras du premier palonnier lorsque la mâchoire formée par le premier mors et le second mors enserre le câble.  According to a particular embodiment of the present invention, the first lifter is attached at least by its center to the first connecting member freely in rotation along an axis F orthogonal to the cutting axis of the blade, so as to allow a rocking movement of the first spreader about the axis F according to the forces that apply to at least one arm of the first spreader when the jaw formed by the first jaw and the second jaw grips the cable.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, le second mors comporte un second organe de liaison auquel est attaché un second palonnier dont au moins un premier bras porte un des deux éléments de guidage et au moins un second bras porte l'autre des deux éléments de guidage, la position des deux éléments de guidage étant dépendante de la position du second organe de liaison, ledit second organe de liaison étant orientable dans au moins deux positions distinctes choisies parmi une position du second organe de liaison correspondant à un positionnement des deux éléments de guidage dans la position destinée au guidage du câble en rotation autour de l'axe I longitudinal du câble et une position du second organe de liaison correspondant à un positionnement des deux éléments de guidage dans la position destinée au guidage du câble en translation selon son axe I longitudinal. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the second jaw comprises a second connecting member to which is attached a second spreader of which at least one first arm carries one of the two guide members and at least one second arm carries the other two guide elements, the position of the two guide elements being dependent on the position of the second connecting member, said second connecting member being orientable in at least two distinct positions selected from a position of the second connecting member corresponding to a positioning of the two guide elements in the position intended to guide the cable in rotation about the longitudinal axis I of the cable and a position of the second connecting member corresponding to a positioning of the two guide elements in the position intended to guide the cable in translation along its longitudinal axis I.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, l'outil comporte des moyens de rotation du second organe de liaison configurés pour faire passer ledit second organe de liaison d'une de ses positions à l'autre.  According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the tool comprises means for rotating the second connecting member configured to pass said second connecting member from one of its positions to the other.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, les deux éléments de guidage du câble que comprend le second mors sont chacun sous la forme d'un diabolo libre en rotation selon un axe de révolution respectif RI et RM correspondant à la hauteur partagée des deux troncs de cône formant respectivement chaque diabolo, lesdits axes RI et RM de révolution des deux diabolos étant parallèles entre eux et étant parallèles à l'axe I longitudinal du câble lorsque les deux éléments de guidage sont dans la position destinée au guidage du câble en rotation autour de l'axe I longitudinal du câble, et étant orthogonaux à l'axe I longitudinal du câble lorsque les deux éléments de guidage sont dans la position destinée au guidage du câble en translation selon son axe I longitudinal. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the two cable guide elements that comprise the second jaw are each in the form of a diabolo freely rotatable about a respective axis of revolution RI and RM corresponding to the shared height of the two truncated cones respectively forming each diabolo, said axes RI and RM of revolution of the two diabolos being parallel to each other and being parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable when the two guide elements are in the position for guiding the cable in rotation about the longitudinal axis I of the cable, and being orthogonal to the longitudinal axis I of the cable when the two guide elements are in the position intended guiding the cable in translation along its longitudinal axis I.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, au moins un des éléments de guidage sous la forme d'un diabolo comporte des rainures, ledit outil comportant en outre des moyens d'entraînement en rotation du diabolo rainuré selon son axe RI de révolution. Ainsi, les moyens d'entraînement en rotation du diabolo rainuré vont permettre à l'utilisateur d'entraîner en rotation ledit diabolo rainuré selon son axe de révolution RI, et les rainures vont permettre une bonne adhérence du diabolo au câble, entraînant ainsi le câble dans un mouvement de translation selon l'axe I longitudinal lorsque l'axe de révolution RI est orthogonal à l'axe I longitudinal du câble. Les rainures n'ont aucune utilité dans le cas de la coupe circulaire de la gaine (lorsque l'axe de révolution RI est parallèle à l'axe I longitudinal du câble). En effet, dans un tel cas le câble est en appui sur l'arrête circulaires de la grande base de chaque tronc de cône du diabolo. La coupe circulaire est alors facilitée parce que les diabolos sont libres en rotation.  According to a particular embodiment, at least one of the guide elements in the form of a diabolo comprises grooves, said tool further comprising means for rotating the diabolo grooved along its axis RI of revolution. Thus, the rotating drive means of the diabolo grooved will allow the user to rotate said diabolo grooved along its axis of revolution RI, and the grooves will allow good adhesion of the diabolo to the cable, thus causing the cable in a translation movement along the longitudinal axis I when the axis of revolution RI is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis I of the cable. The grooves have no use in the case of the circular cut of the sheath (when the axis of revolution RI is parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable). Indeed, in such a case the cable is in support on the circular stop of the large base of each truncated cone of the diabolo. The circular cut is then facilitated because the diabolos are free in rotation.
Présentation des figures Presentation of figures
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description suivante, donnée à titre d'exemple nullement limitatif, et faite en se référant aux figures qui représentent :  The invention will be better understood on reading the following description, given by way of non-limiting example, and with reference to the figures which represent:
- Figure 1 : illustre une vue de l'outil pour dégainer la gaine externe d'un câble objet de la présente invention ;  - Figure 1: illustrates a view of the tool for stripping the outer sheath of a cable object of the present invention;
- Figure 2 : illustre l'outil objet de la présente invention dont la lame est en position pour effectuer une coupe selon un premier axe de coupe C orthogonal à l'axe I longitudinal du câble ;  - Figure 2: illustrates the object of the present invention whose blade is in position to make a section along a first cutting axis C orthogonal to the longitudinal axis I of the cable;
- Figure 3 : illustre l'outil objet de la présente invention dont la lame est en position pour effectuer une coupe selon un premier axe de coupe L parallèle à l'axe I longitudinal du câble ; Figure 4 : illustre une vue éclatée du premier palonnier, de la lame qu'il porte et de l'élément de guidage qu'il porte ainsi que les moyens de rotation du premier organe de liaison que comporte le premier mors ; - Figure 3: illustrates the object of the present invention whose blade is in position to make a section along a first cutting axis L parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable; Figure 4 shows an exploded view of the first beam, the blade it carries and the guide element that it carries and the means of rotation of the first connecting member that comprises the first jaw;
Figure 5 : illustre une vue éclatée du second palonnier et des deux éléments de guidage qu'il porte ainsi que les moyens de rotation du second organe de liaison que comporte le second mors.  Figure 5 shows an exploded view of the second beam and the two guide elements that it carries and the rotation means of the second connecting member that comprises the second jaw.
Description détaillée de l'invention Detailed description of the invention
On note dès à présent que les figures ne sont pas à l'échelle.  It is already noted that the figures are not to scale.
De manière plus générale, la portée de la présente invention ne se limite pas aux modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, mais s'étend au contraire à toutes les modifications à la portée de l'homme de l'art. Chaque caractéristique d'un mode de réalisation peut être mise en œuvre isolément ou combinée à toute autre caractéristique de tout autre mode de réalisation de manière avantageuse.  More generally, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above by way of non-limiting examples, but extends on the contrary to all modifications within the scope of the man of the invention. 'art. Each feature of one embodiment may be implemented in isolation or in combination with any other feature of any other embodiment in an advantageous manner.
Comme représenté en figure 1 , l'outil 20 selon l'invention pour dégainer la gaine 21 externe d'un câble 22 comprend un bâti 23 sur lequel sont installés de manière antagoniste un premier mors 24 et un second mors 25 formant à eux deux une mâchoire destinée à enserrer le câble 22. Les mors 24, 25, coopérant tous deux avec un même mécanisme de réglage de leurs positions mutuelles.  As represented in FIG. 1, the tool 20 according to the invention for stripping the outer sheath 21 of a cable 22 comprises a frame 23 on which are installed in an antagonistic manner a first jaw 24 and a second jaw 25 forming between them a jaw for gripping the cable 22. The jaws 24, 25, both cooperating with the same mechanism for adjusting their mutual positions.
Conformément à l'invention, le bâti 23 comprend deux colonnes 26 de guidage, parallèles, réunies rigidement en extrémité par au moins deux entretoises 27, lesquelles en combinaison avec les deux colonnes 26 définissent un cadre rigide, indéformable, de forme rectangulaire.  According to the invention, the frame 23 comprises two parallel guide columns 26, rigidly joined at the end by at least two spacers 27, which in combination with the two columns 26 define a rigid frame, dimensionally stable, rectangular.
Les deux mors 24, 25, sont montés de manière coulissante sur les deux colonnes 26 et sont disposés de manière symétrique par rapport à un plan P géométrique (non illustré sur les figures) médian au cadre et orthogonal aux colonnes 26.  The two jaws 24, 25 are slidably mounted on the two columns 26 and are arranged symmetrically with respect to a geometric plane P (not shown in the figures) median to the frame and orthogonal to the columns 26.
Les deux mors 24, 25, possèdent sensiblement des formes et des masses sensiblement égales et les deux entretoises 27 possèdent également des formes et des masses égales, le centre de gravité de l'outil 20 est ramené dans un espace destiné au logement du câble 22 se situant entre les deux mors 24, 25. On diminue ainsi l'importance des efforts parasites dus à une mauvaise répartition des masses, ces efforts parasites étant une gêne pour l'utilisateur lors de l'entraînement manuel de l'outil 20 autour du câble 22. The two jaws 24, 25 have substantially substantially equal shapes and masses and the two spacers 27 also have equal shapes and masses, the center of gravity of the tool 20 is brought back in a space for housing the cable 22 between the two jaws 24, 25. This reduces the importance of parasitic forces due to poor distribution of masses, these parasitic forces being a nuisance for the user when the manual drive of the tool 20 around the cable 22.
Les colonnes 26 de guidage, de section droite circulaire, sont engagées dans des perçages pratiqués dans les entretoises 27 et sont immobilisées dans ces perçages par des goupilles.  The guide columns 26, of circular cross section, are engaged in bores made in the spacers 27 and are immobilized in these bores by pins.
L'une des colonnes 26 de guidage présente selon l'une de ses extrémités, au-delà de l'entretoise 27 correspondante, une extension radiale, formant manivelle, dotée en extrémité d'une poignée 28 de préhension, sous forme de boule par exemple, montée de manière tournante sur ladite extension.  One of the guide columns 26 has, at one of its ends, beyond the spacer 27 corresponding, a radial extension, forming a crank, endowed with a handle 28, in the form of a ball by example, rotatably mounted on said extension.
Le mécanisme de réglage assure un déplacement symétrique et un positionnement symétrique des deux mors 24, 25, par rapport au plan P et ce quel que soit leur écartement.  The adjustment mechanism ensures a symmetrical displacement and a symmetrical positioning of the two jaws 24, 25, relative to the plane P and whatever their spacing.
Ce mécanisme de réglage comprend une tige 29 filetée, portant à son extrémité proximale un bouton de manœuvre 30. Cette tige 29 s'étend parallèlement aux colonnes 26 de guidage. La tige 29 est engagée de manière libre en rotation, par une portée lisse cylindrique qu'elle présente à distance de son extrémité proximale, dans un palier proximal monté en fixation dans un perçage traversant formé dans l'entretoise 27 proximale. La tige 29 présente en extrémité distale une seconde portée lisse par laquelle elle est engagée en rotation dans un palier distal monté en fixation dans un perçage pratiqué dans l'entretoise 27 distale.  This adjustment mechanism comprises a threaded rod 29 carrying at its proximal end an operating knob 30. This rod 29 extends parallel to the guide columns 26. The rod 29 is rotatably engaged by a cylindrical smooth bearing that it has at a distance from its proximal end, in a proximal bearing mounted in a fixing in a through bore formed in the spacer 27 proximal. The rod 29 has at the distal end a second smooth bearing by which it is engaged in rotation in a distal bearing mounted in a fixation in a bore in the spacer 27 distal.
La tige 29 filetée est immobilisée en translation par rapport au bâti 23 par un premier épaulement proximal formé à distance de son extrémité proximale et prévu pour venir en appui contre le palier proximal et par un épaulement distal formé à distance de son extrémité distale et prévu pour venir en appui contre le palier distal.  The threaded rod 29 is immobilized in translation relative to the frame 23 by a first proximal shoulder formed at a distance from its proximal end and designed to bear against the proximal bearing and by a distal shoulder formed at a distance from its distal end and intended to come to bear against the distal bearing.
En deçà de sa portée lisse proximale, la tige 29 comporte une première partie filetée prévue pour recevoir un écrou de blocage en rotation. En arrière de cette première partie filetée, est formée sur la tige 29, une seconde partie filetée prévue pour être engagée dans un taraudage borgne formé dans le bouton de manœuvre 30. Il y a lieu de remarquer que le bouton de manœuvre 30 de la tige 29 filetée et la poignée 28 de préhension occupent l'un par rapport à l'autre deux positions opposées, distantes l'une de l'autre et que ce bouton de manœuvre 30 avec la poignée 28 est destiné à être saisi par l'utilisateur pour la manœuvre de l'outil 20 dans l'action de dénudage du câble 22. Below its proximal smooth reach, the rod 29 has a first threaded portion for receiving a rotational locking nut. Behind this first threaded portion, is formed on the rod 29, a second threaded portion adapted to be engaged in a blind thread formed in the operating knob 30. It should be noted that the operating knob 30 of the threaded rod 29 and the gripping handle 28 occupy with respect to each other two opposite positions, distant from each other. the other and that this knob 30 with the handle 28 is intended to be grasped by the user for the operation of the tool 20 in the stripping action of the cable 22.
La tige 29 comporte une première section filetée selon un pas à droite engagée en vissage dans un taraudage traversant pratiqué dans l'un des deux mors 24, 25, et une seconde section filetée selon un pas à gauche engagée dans un taraudage traversant pratiqué dans l'autre mors, les deux sections filetées se développant de manière symétrique par rapport au plan P. Il va de soi que les deux sections filetées présentent des pas de même valeur. Préférentiellement, l'épaulement proximal est formé en extrémité proximale de la section filetée proximale et l'épaulement distal est formé en extrémité distale de la section filetée distale de la tige 29.  The rod 29 comprises a first threaded section in a pitch on the right engaged in screwing in a through thread formed in one of the two jaws 24, 25, and a second threaded section in a left step engaged in a through thread made in the other jaws, the two threaded sections developing symmetrically with respect to the plane P. It goes without saying that the two threaded sections have steps of the same value. Preferably, the proximal shoulder is formed at the proximal end of the proximal threaded section and the distal shoulder is formed at the distal end of the distal threaded section of the shaft 29.
Le premier mors 24 comporte une lame 31 de coupe. Comme illustrée en figure 1 , cette lame 31 peut être circulaire et peut comporter au moins un épaulement 32 cylindrique servant de butée pour la gaine 21 de câble 22 et définissant ainsi la profondeur de coupe de la lame 31 dans la gaine 21 suivant la distance entre ledit épaulement 32 et le sommet 33 de la lame 31 . Ladite lame 31 est orientable dans au moins deux positions distinctes choisies parmi une position selon un premier axe de coupe C orthogonal à un axe I longitudinal du câble 22 dans laquelle la lame 31 est destinée à réaliser une coupe circulaire de la gaine 21 du câble 22 (position illustrée en figure 2), et une position selon un deuxième axe de coupe L parallèle à l'axe I longitudinal du câble 22 dans laquelle la lame 31 est destinée à réaliser une coupe longitudinale de la gaine 21 du câble 22 (position illustrée en figure 1 et figure 3).  The first jaw 24 has a cutting blade 31. As illustrated in FIG. 1, this blade 31 may be circular and may comprise at least one cylindrical shoulder 32 acting as an abutment for the sheath 21 of cable 22 and thus defining the cutting depth of the blade 31 in the sheath 21 according to the distance between said shoulder 32 and the top 33 of the blade 31. Said blade 31 is steerable in at least two distinct positions chosen from a position along a first cutting axis C orthogonal to a longitudinal axis I of the cable 22 in which the blade 31 is intended to make a circular cut of the sheath 21 of the cable 22 (position illustrated in Figure 2), and a position along a second cutting axis L parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable 22 in which the blade 31 is intended to make a longitudinal section of the sheath 21 of the cable 22 (illustrated position in Figure 1 and Figure 3).
Le premier mors 24 comporte en outre un premier organe de liaison 34 auquel est attaché un premier palonnier 35 comprenant au moins un premier bras 36. Le premier bras 36 du premier palonnier 35 porte la lame 31 . Lorsque la lame 31 est circulaire, celle-ci peut être montée sur ledit premier bras 36 de manière libre en rotation selon un axe orthogonal à l'axe de coupe. Dans un mode de réalisation la lame 31 est montée sur ledit au moins un premier bras 36 de sorte qu'elle soit détachable, par exemple, la lame 31 est maintenue sur ledit premier bras 36 par des moyens de vissage. Ainsi, il est facile pour l'utilisateur de démonter la lame 31 de l'outil 20 pour son entretien ou le changement de la lame 31 par une autre lame moins usée ou de taille différente par exemple. The first jaw 24 further comprises a first connecting member 34 to which is attached a first spreader 35 comprising at least a first arm 36. The first arm 36 of the first spreader 35 carries the blade 31. When the blade 31 is circular, it can be mounted on said first arm 36 freely in rotation along an axis orthogonal to the cutting axis. In one embodiment the blade 31 is mounted on said at least one first arm 36 so that it is detachable, for example, the blade 31 is held on said first arm 36 by screwing means. Thus, it is easy for the user to disassemble the blade 31 of the tool 20 for its maintenance or the change of the blade 31 by another blade less worn or different size for example.
La position de la lame 31 est dépendante de la position du premier palonnier 35. La position du premier palonnier 35 est dépendante de la position du premier organe de liaison 34. La position de la lame 31 est donc dépendante de la position du premier organe de liaison 34. Ledit premier organe de liaison 34 est orientable dans au moins deux positions distinctes choisies parmi une position du premier organe de liaison 34 correspondant au positionnement de la lame 31 selon le premier axe de coupe C (figure 2) et une position du premier organe de liaison 34 correspondant au positionnement de la lame 31 selon le deuxième axe de coupe L (figure 3).  The position of the blade 31 is dependent on the position of the first beam 35. The position of the first beam 35 is dependent on the position of the first connecting member 34. The position of the blade 31 is therefore dependent on the position of the first beam member 35. link 34. Said first connecting member 34 is steerable in at least two different positions selected from a position of the first connecting member 34 corresponding to the positioning of the blade 31 along the first cutting axis C (Figure 2) and a position of the first connecting member 34 corresponding to the positioning of the blade 31 along the second cutting axis L (Figure 3).
Comme illustré en figure 4, ledit premier organe de liaison 34 a la forme globale d'un parallélépipède rectangle dont la face supérieure 37 fait face au premier mors 24 et est opposée à une face inférieure 38 dudit premier organe de liaison 34 faisant face au câble 22 lorsque ce dernier se trouve enserré entre le premier mors 24 et le second mors 25 de l'outil 20. Le premier organe de liaison 34 comporte un évidement 39 formant un siège creux au niveau de sa face supérieure 37. Un tel évidement 39 peut avoir la forme globale d'un parallélépipède rectangle comme illustré en figure 4.  As illustrated in FIG. 4, said first connecting member 34 has the overall shape of a rectangular parallelepiped whose upper face 37 faces the first jaw 24 and is opposed to a lower face 38 of said first connecting member 34 facing the cable. 22 when the latter is sandwiched between the first jaw 24 and the second jaw 25 of the tool 20. The first connecting member 34 has a recess 39 forming a hollow seat at its upper face 37. Such a recess 39 can have the overall shape of a rectangular parallelepiped as illustrated in Figure 4.
Un palonnier est de manière générale formé de deux bras longitudinaux reliés ensemble en un plan de reliure appelé centre du palonnier.  A rudder is generally formed of two longitudinal arms connected together in a binding plane called the center of the rudder.
Comme illustré en figures 1 et 4, le premier palonnier 35 est attaché au moins par son centre au premier organe de liaison 34. De préférence, le premier palonnier 35 est attaché au moins par son centre au premier organe de liaison 34 de manière libre en rotation selon un axe F parallèle au plan P de sorte à permettre un mouvement de bascule au premier palonnier 35 autour de l'axe F en fonction des forces qui s'appliquent sur chacun des bras du premier palonnier 35 dues à la présence du câble 22. L'axe F traverse deux faces latérales opposées du parallélépipède rectangle que représente globalement le premier organe de liaison 34. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 4, the first rudder 35 is attached at least at its center to the first connecting member 34. Preferably, the first rudder 35 is attached at least at its center to the first connecting member 34 in a free manner. rotation along an axis F parallel to the plane P so as to allow a rocking movement to the first spreader 35 about the axis F depending on the forces that apply to each arm of the first spreader 35 due to the presence of the cable 22 The axis F passes through two opposite lateral faces of the rectangular parallelepiped which globally represents the first connecting member 34.
La permission d'un tel mouvement de bascule a pour avantage de permettre à l'outil 20 de continuer à effectuer son devoir de coupe même si le câble 22 comporte quelques variations d'épaisseur de gaine faisant varier le diamètre du câble 22, un relief irrégulier ou bien que le câble 22 est mis en mouvement, lors d'une coupe de gaine 21 effectuée par l'outil 20. Cela permet notamment de faciliter l'entrée et la sortie du câble 22 de sa position entre le premier mors 24 et le second mors 25.  The permission of such a rocking movement has the advantage of allowing the tool 20 to continue to perform its cutting duty even if the cable 22 has some variations in sheath thickness varying the diameter of the cable 22, a relief irregular or that the cable 22 is set in motion, during a sheath cut 21 performed by the tool 20. This allows in particular to facilitate the entry and exit of the cable 22 from its position between the first jaw 24 and the second jaw 25.
Dans un mode de réalisation de la présente invention ledit au moins un premier bras 36 du premier palonnier 35 porte la lame 31 de coupe et le premier palonnier 35 comprend au moins un second bras 40. Ledit second bras 40 porte un élément de guidage 41 du câble 22.  In one embodiment of the present invention said at least one first arm 36 of the first lifter 35 carries the cutting blade 31 and the first lifter 35 comprises at least one second arm 40. Said second arm 40 carries a guide element 41 of the cable 22.
La position de l'élément de guidage 41 est, comme pour la position de la lame 31 , dépendante de la position du premier palonnier 35 et donc de la position du premier organe de liaison 34. En effet, ledit élément de guidage 41 est positionné de sorte à guider le câble 22 en rotation autour de l'axe I longitudinal du câble 22 pour une coupe circulaire de la gaine 21 du câble 22 lorsque le premier organe de liaison 34 est dans la position correspondant au positionnement de la lame 31 selon le premier axe de coupe C (figure 2), et ledit élément de guidage 41 est positionné de sorte à guider le câble 22 en translation selon son axe I longitudinal pour une coupe longitudinale de la gaine 21 du câble 22 lorsque le premier organe de liaison 34 est dans la position correspondant au positionnement de la lame 31 selon le deuxième axe de coupe L (figure 3).  The position of the guide element 41 is, as for the position of the blade 31, dependent on the position of the first crossbar 35 and therefore the position of the first connecting member 34. Indeed, said guide member 41 is positioned so as to guide the cable 22 in rotation about the longitudinal axis I of the cable 22 for a circular section of the sheath 21 of the cable 22 when the first connecting member 34 is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade 31 according to the first cutting axis C (Figure 2), and said guide member 41 is positioned to guide the cable 22 in translation along its longitudinal axis I for a longitudinal section of the sheath 21 of the cable 22 when the first connecting member 34 is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade 31 along the second cutting axis L (Figure 3).
L'élément de guidage 41 du câble 22 est sous la forme d'un diabolo The guide element 41 of the cable 22 is in the form of a diabolo
(figures 1 , 2 et 3). Ledit diabolo est libre en rotation selon un axe D de révolution correspondant à la hauteur partagée des deux troncs de cône formant le diabolo, ledit axe D de révolution étant parallèle à l'axe I longitudinal du câble 22 lorsque le premier organe de liaison 34 est dans la position correspondant au positionnement de la lame 31 selon le premier axe de coupe C (figure 2), et orthogonal à l'axe I longitudinal du câble 22 lorsque le premier organe de liaison 34 est dans la position correspondant au positionnement de la lame 31 selon le deuxième axe de coupe L (figure 3). On entend par diabolo, une forme comportant deux troncs de cône inversés, lesdits troncs de cône se faisant face par leurs petites bases. Lesdits troncs de cône ont un même axe longitudinal de hauteur de tronc de cône. (Figures 1, 2 and 3). Said diabolo is free to rotate along an axis D of revolution corresponding to the shared height of the two truncated cones forming the diabolo, said axis D of revolution being parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable 22 when the first connecting member 34 is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade 31 along the first cutting axis C (Figure 2), and orthogonal to the longitudinal axis I of the cable 22 when the first connecting member 34 is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade 31 according to the second cutting axis L (Figure 3). Diabolo means a form comprising two inverted truncated cones, said truncated cones facing each other by their small bases. Said truncated cones have the same longitudinal axis of truncated cone height.
Le terme tronc de cône doit être ici interprété de manière large, comme représentant une forme de section transversale monotone décroissante ou croissante.  The term truncated cone should be interpreted broadly here as representing a decreasing or increasing monotonic cross-sectional shape.
Comme illustré sur les figures 1 , 2, 3 et 4, le premier palonnier 35 peut être un double palonnier dont chacun des deux palonniers comporte un centre respectivement relié à une face opposée du premier organe de liaison 34 de sorte que les deux palonniers soient libres en rotation selon le même axe F et puisse ainsi effectuer des mouvements de bascule comme indiqué ci-dessus. Chacun des deux palonniers du double premier palonnier 35 comporte un premier bras 36 et un second bras 40, les deux premiers bras 36 étant parallèles entre eux et portant la lame 31 maintenue entre eux, et les deux seconds bras 40 étant parallèles entre eux et portant l'élément de guidage 41 entre eux.  As illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, the first lifter 35 may be a double spreader, each of the two lifters comprises a center respectively connected to an opposite face of the first connecting member 34 so that the two lifters are free in rotation along the same axis F and thus can perform rocking movements as indicated above. Each of the two spreaders of the double first spreader 35 comprises a first arm 36 and a second arm 40, the first two arms 36 being parallel to each other and carrying the blade 31 held together, and the two second arms 40 being parallel to each other and carrying the guide element 41 between them.
Dans un tel mode de réalisation, l'élément de guidage 41 du premier palonnier 35 qui est sous forme de diabolo, est positionné entre les deux seconds bras 40 de sorte que la grande base d'un premier tronc de cône débouche sur un des second bras 40 du premier palonnier 35 et la grande base d'un second tronc de cône débouche sur l'autre second bras 40 du premier palonnier 35, lesdits premier et second troncs de cône se faisant face par leurs petites bases.  In such an embodiment, the guide element 41 of the first lifter 35 which is in the form of a diabolo, is positioned between the two second arms 40 so that the large base of a first truncated cone opens on one of the second arm 40 of the first beam 35 and the large base of a second truncated cone opens on the other second arm 40 of the first beam 35, said first and second truncated cones facing each other by their small bases.
Le premier mors 24 comporte des moyens de rotation du premier organe de liaison 34 permettant d'orienter ledit premier organe de liaison 34 dans chacune des au moins deux positions distinctes qu'il peut adopter. Les moyens de rotation servent ici aussi de moyens d'attache du premier organe de liaison 34 au premier mors 24. Ces moyens de rotation comportent par exemple un bouton poussoir 42 configuré pour être dans une position initiale ou une position enfoncée (lorsqu'il est actionné) ledit bouton poussoir 42 comportant un moyen de rappel élastique en position initiale tel qu'un ressort 43. Le bouton poussoir 42 est positionné sur une surface externe 44 du premier mors 24 opposée à la surface interne 45 du premier mors 24 ladite surface interne 45 faisant face au câble 22 lorsque ce dernier se trouve enserré entre le premier mors 24 et le second mors 25 de l'outil 20. The first jaw 24 comprises means for rotating the first connecting member 34 for orienting said first connecting member 34 in each of the at least two distinct positions that it can adopt. The rotation means here also serve as attachment means for the first connecting member 34 to the first jaw 24. These means of rotation comprise for example a push button 42 configured to be in an initial position or a depressed position (when it is actuated) said push button 42 having an elastic return means in initial position such as a spring 43. The push button 42 is positioned on an outer surface 44 of the first jaw 24 opposite to the inner surface 45 of the first jaw 24 said internal surface 45 facing the cable 22 when the latter is sandwiched between the first jaw 24 and the second jaw 25 of the tool 20.
Les moyens de rotation du premier mors 24 comportent également un arbre 46 longitudinal de rotation, de forme d'un cylindre d'axe A longitudinal de révolution perpendiculaire au plan P. Ledit arbre 46 est rattaché au bouton poussoir 42 par une de ses extrémités et traverse le premier mors 24 selon l'axe A. L'arbre 46 traverse la surface externe 44 et la surface interne 45 du premier mors 24. Ledit arbre 46 est rattaché au bouton poussoir 42 de manière à interdire toute rotation relative de l'arbre 46 par rapport au bouton poussoir 42 selon l'axe A. Ledit arbre 46 est en outre relié de manière fixe en rotation selon l'axe A à une platine de liaison 47 par son extrémité opposée à celle reliée au bouton poussoir 42. Dans la présente description, par convention on désignera par « relié de manière fixe en rotation » en faisant référence à deux pièces étant liées l'une à l'autre, que la liaison entre les pièces interdit un mouvement de rotation relatif de l'une par rapport à l'autre. Ainsi, on entend par « relié de manière fixe en rotation » pour la liaison entre l'arbre 46 et la platine de liaison 47 que tout mouvement de rotation selon l'axe A, relatif de l'arbre 46 par rapport à la platine de liaison 47, est impossible. L'arbre 46 et la platine de liaison 47 sont donc fixement solidaires en rotation selon l'axe A. Ladite platine de liaison 47 coopère avec l'évidement 39 formant un siège dans le premier organe de liaison 34 de sorte à interdire tout mouvement de rotation relatif selon l'axe A de la platine de liaison 47 par rapport à l'évidemment 39 et donc par rapport au premier organe de liaison 34. Comme illustré dans le mode de réalisation illustré en figure 4, la platine de liaison 47 à une forme globale de parallélépipède rectangle.  The rotation means of the first jaw 24 also comprise a longitudinal shaft 46 of rotation, in the form of a cylinder with a longitudinal axis A of revolution perpendicular to the plane P. Said shaft 46 is attached to the push button 42 by one of its ends and crosses the first jaw 24 along the axis A. The shaft 46 passes through the outer surface 44 and the inner surface 45 of the first jaw 24. Said shaft 46 is attached to the push button 42 so as to prevent any relative rotation of the shaft 46 relative to the push button 42 along the axis A. Said shaft 46 is furthermore fixedly connected in rotation along the axis A to a connecting plate 47 at its end opposite to that connected to the push button 42. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS By convention, the term "fixedly connected in rotation" will be referred to by reference to two parts being connected to each other, that the connection between the parts prohibits a relative rotational movement of the one compared to each other. Thus, the term "fixedly connected in rotation" for the connection between the shaft 46 and the connecting plate 47 that any rotational movement along the axis A, relative to the shaft 46 relative to the plate of link 47, is impossible. The shaft 46 and the connecting plate 47 are therefore firmly fixed in rotation along the axis A. Said connecting plate 47 cooperates with the recess 39 forming a seat in the first connecting member 34 so as to prohibit any movement of relative rotation along the axis A of the connecting plate 47 with respect to the recess 39 and therefore with respect to the first connecting member 34. As illustrated in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. overall shape of rectangular parallelepiped.
La platine de liaison 47 comporte en outre des encoches 48 sur sa face supérieure 49 faisant face à la surface interne 45 du premier mors 24. Ces encoches 48 coopèrent avec au moins un téton (non visibles sur les figures) positionné sur la surface interne 45 du premier mors 24 de sorte à interdire tout mouvement de rotation de la platine de liaison 47 et donc du premier organe de liaison 34, selon l'axe A. Cette coopération correspond à une position initiale du bouton poussoir 42. Lorsque le bouton poussoir 42 est actionné, c'est-à-dire enfoncé par l'utilisateur de l'outil 20 vers le premier mors 24 selon l'axe A, les encoches 48 de la platine de liaison 47 et ledit au moins un téton du premier mors 24 ne coopèrent pas et ainsi la platine de liaison 47 est libre en rotation selon l'axe A. Le premier organe de liaison 34 étant fixement solidaire de la platine de liaison 47, elle-même fixement solidaire de l'arbre 46 qui est lui- même fixement solidaire du bouton poussoir 42, une rotation du bouton poussoir 42 selon l'axe A lorsqu'il est actionné par l'utilisateur, permet de passer d'une position du premier organe de liaison 34 correspondant à une des positions de la lame 31 à une position du premier organe de liaison 34 correspondant à une autre position de la lame 31 . Lorsque l'utilisateur arrête d'actionner le bouton poussoir 42, ce dernier repasse en position initiale grâce au moyen de rappel élastique qu'il comporte et les encoches 48 de la platine de liaison 47 coopèrent à nouveau avec ledit au moins un téton du premier mors 24 empêchant à nouveau toute rotation de ladite platine de liaison 47 selon l'axe A. The connecting plate 47 further comprises notches 48 on its upper face 49 facing the inner surface 45 of the first jaw 24. These notches 48 cooperate with at least one pin (not visible in the figures) positioned on the inner surface 45 the first jaw 24 so as to prohibit any rotational movement of the connecting plate 47 and therefore the first connecting member 34, along the axis A. This cooperation corresponds to an initial position of the push button 42. When the push button 42 is actuated, that is to say pressed by the user of the tool 20 to the first jaw 24 along the axis A, the notches 48 of the connecting plate 47 and said at least one stud of the first jaw 24 do not cooperate and thus the connecting plate 47 is free to rotate along the axis A. The first connecting member 34 being fixedly secured to the plate link 47, itself fixedly secured to the shaft 46 which is fixedly secured to the push button 42, a rotation of the pushbutton 42 along the axis A when actuated by the user, allows to pass a position of the first connecting member 34 corresponding to one of the positions of the blade 31 at a position of the first connecting member 34 corresponding to another position of the blade 31. When the user stops operating the push button 42, the latter returns to its initial position thanks to the elastic return means that it comprises and the notches 48 of the connecting plate 47 cooperate again with said at least one pin of the first jaws 24 preventing again rotation of said connecting plate 47 along the axis A.
Le second mors 25 de l'outil 20 comprend deux éléments de guidage The second jaw 25 of the tool 20 comprises two guiding elements
50, 51 , du câble 22 orientables dans au moins deux positions distinctes choisies parmi une position dans laquelle lesdits éléments de guidage 50, 51 , sont positionnés de sorte à guider le câble 22 en rotation autour de l'axe I longitudinal du câble 22 pour une coupe circulaire de la gaine 21 du câble 22 lorsque le premier organe de liaison 34 est dans la position correspondant au positionnement de la lame 31 selon le premier axe de coupe C, et une position dans laquelle lesdits éléments de guidage 50, 51 , sont positionnés de sorte à guider le câble 22 en translation selon son axe I longitudinal pour une coupe longitudinale de la gaine 21 du câble 22 lorsque le premier organe de liaison 34 est dans la position correspondant au positionnement de la lame 31 selon le deuxième axe de coupe L. 50, 51, of the cable 22 steerable in at least two different positions selected from a position in which said guide elements 50, 51, are positioned to guide the cable 22 in rotation about the longitudinal axis I of the cable 22 to a circular section of the sheath 21 of the cable 22 when the first connecting member 34 is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade 31 along the first cutting axis C, and a position in which said guide elements 50, 51 are positioned so as to guide the cable 22 in translation along its longitudinal axis I for a longitudinal section of the sheath 21 of the cable 22 when the first connecting member 34 is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade 31 according to the second cutting axis L.
Tel qu'illustré sur les figures, le second mors 25 comporte en outre un second organe de liaison 52 auquel est attaché un second palonnier 53 dont au moins un premier bras 54 porte un des deux éléments de guidage 50 et au moins un second bras 55 porte l'autre des deux éléments de guidage 51 . La position des deux éléments de guidage 50, 51 , est dépendante de la position du second palonnier 53 dont la position est dépendante de la position du second organe de liaison 52. La position des deux éléments de guidage 50, 51 , est donc dépendante de la position du second organe de liaison 52. As illustrated in the figures, the second jaw 25 further comprises a second connecting member 52 to which is attached a second spreader 53, at least one first arm 54 carries one of the two guide members 50 and at least one second arm 55 carries the other of the two guide elements 51. The position of the two guide elements 50, 51 is dependent on the position of the second crossbar 53 whose position is dependent on the position of the second connecting member 52. The position of the two guide elements 50, 51, is therefore dependent on the position of the second connecting member 52.
Ledit second organe de liaison 52 est orientable dans au moins deux positions distinctes choisies parmi une position du second organe de liaison 52 correspondant à un positionnement des deux éléments de guidage 50, 51 , dans la position destinée au guidage du câble 22 en rotation autour de l'axe I longitudinal du câble 22 et une position du second organe de liaison 52 correspondant à un positionnement des deux éléments de guidage 50, 51 , dans la position destinée au guidage du câble 22 en translation selon son axe I longitudinal.  Said second connecting member 52 is steerable in at least two different positions selected from a position of the second connecting member 52 corresponding to a positioning of the two guide members 50, 51, in the position intended for guiding the cable 22 in rotation around the longitudinal axis I of the cable 22 and a position of the second connecting member 52 corresponding to a positioning of the two guide elements 50, 51, in the position for guiding the cable 22 in translation along its longitudinal axis I.
Comme illustré par les figures, les deux éléments de guidage 50, 51 , du câble 22 que comprend le second mors 25 sont chacun sous la forme d'un diabolo libre en rotation selon un axe de révolution respectif RI et RM correspondant à la hauteur partagée des deux troncs de cône formant respectivement chaque diabolo, lesdits axes RI et RM de révolution des deux diabolos étant parallèles entre eux et étant parallèles à l'axe I longitudinal du câble 22 lorsque les deux éléments de guidage 50, 51 , sont dans la position destinée au guidage du câble 22 en rotation autour de l'axe I longitudinal du câble 22, et étant orthogonaux à l'axe I longitudinal du câble 22 lorsque les deux éléments de guidage 50, 51 , sont dans la position destinée au guidage du câble 22 en translation selon son axe I longitudinal.  As illustrated by the figures, the two guide elements 50, 51, of the cable 22 that comprises the second jaw 25 are each in the form of a diabolo free to rotate along a respective axis of revolution RI and RM corresponding to the shared height two truncated cones respectively forming each diabolo, said axes RI and RM of revolution of the two diabolos being parallel to each other and being parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable 22 when the two guide elements 50, 51, are in the position for guiding the cable 22 in rotation about the longitudinal axis I of the cable 22, and being orthogonal to the longitudinal axis I of the cable 22 when the two guide elements 50, 51 are in the position intended for guiding the cable 22 in translation along its longitudinal axis I.
Comme illustré en figure 5, ledit second organe de liaison 52 a la forme globale d'un parallélépipède rectangle dont la face supérieure 56 fait face au second mors 25 et est opposée à une face inférieure 57 du second organe de liaison 52 faisant face au câble 22 lorsque ce dernier se trouve enserré entre le premier mors 24 et le second 25 mors de l'outil 20. Le second organe de liaison 52 comporte un évidement 58 formant un siège creux au niveau de sa face supérieure 56. Un tel évidement 58 peut avoir la forme globale d'un parallélépipède rectangle comme illustré en figure 5.  As illustrated in FIG. 5, said second connecting member 52 has the overall shape of a rectangular parallelepiped whose upper face 56 faces the second jaw 25 and is opposed to a lower face 57 of the second connecting member 52 facing the cable. 22 when the latter is sandwiched between the first jaw 24 and the second 25 jaws of the tool 20. The second connecting member 52 has a recess 58 forming a hollow seat at its upper face 56. Such a recess 58 can have the overall shape of a rectangular parallelepiped as shown in Figure 5.
Comme illustré en figures 1 et 5, le second palonnier 53 est attaché par son centre au second organe de liaison 52. De préférence, le second palonnier 53 est attaché par son centre au second organe de liaison 52 de manière fixe en rotation selon un axe E parallèle au plan P. L'axe E traverse deux faces latérales opposées du parallélépipède rectangle que représente globalement le second organe de liaison 52. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 5, the second lifter 53 is attached at its center to the second connecting member 52. Preferably, the second lifter 53 is attached centrally to the second connecting member 52 in a fixed manner in rotation along an axis E parallel to the plane P. The axis E passes through two opposite sides of the parallelepiped rectangle that represents overall the second connecting member 52.
Dans un mode de réalisation non illustré sur les figures, le second palonnier 53 est attaché par son centre au second organe de liaison 52 de manière fixe en rotation selon un axe E parallèle au plan P de sorte à permettre un mouvement de bascule au second palonnier 53 autour de l'axe E en fonction des forces qui s'appliquent sur chacun des bras 54, 55, du second palonnier 53 dues à la présence du câble 22. L'avantage du mouvement à bascule du second palonnier 53 est le même que l'avantage du mouvement à bascule du premier palonnier 35.  In one embodiment not illustrated in the figures, the second lifter 53 is attached at its center to the second connecting member 52 in a fixed manner in rotation along an axis E parallel to the plane P so as to allow a rocking movement to the second rudder 53 about the axis E depending on the forces that apply to each of the arms 54, 55, the second lifter 53 due to the presence of the cable 22. The advantage of the rocker movement of the second lifter 53 is the same as the advantage of the rocking movement of the first lifter 35.
Comme illustré sur les figures 1 , 2, 3 et 5, le second palonnier 53 peut être un double palonnier dont chacun des deux palonniers comporte un centre respectivement relié à une face opposée du second organe de liaison 52 de sorte que les deux palonniers soient fixes en rotation autour du même axe E. dans un autre mode de réalisation non illustré sur les figures, chaque centre des deux palonniers est respectivement relié à une face opposée du second organe de liaison 52 de sorte que les deux palonniers soient libres en rotation autour du même axe E et puisse ainsi effectuer des mouvements de bascule.  As illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 5, the second lifter 53 may be a double spreader, each of the two lifters comprises a center respectively connected to an opposite face of the second connecting member 52 so that the two lifters are fixed in rotation around the same axis E. in another embodiment not illustrated in the figures, each center of the two pedals is respectively connected to an opposite face of the second connecting member 52 so that the two pedals are free to rotate around the same axis E and can thus perform rocking movements.
Chacun des deux palonniers du double second palonnier 53 comporte un premier bras 54 et un second bras 55, les deux premiers bras 54 étant parallèles entre eux et portant un des deux éléments de guidage 50 maintenue entre eux, et les deux seconds bras 55 étant parallèles entre eux et portant l'autre des deux éléments de guidage 51 entre eux.  Each of the two pedals of the double second pedestal 53 comprises a first arm 54 and a second arm 55, the first two arms 54 being parallel to each other and carrying one of the two guide elements 50 held together, and the two second arms 55 being parallel between them and carrying the other of the two guide elements 51 between them.
Dans un tel mode de réalisation, lorsque les deux éléments de guidage 50, 51 , du second palonnier 53 sont sous forme de diabolos, un desdits deux éléments de guidage 50 est positionné entre les deux premiers bras 54 du second palonnier 53 de sorte que la grande base d'un premier tronc de cône débouche sur un des premiers bras 54 du second palonnier 53 et la grande base d'un second tronc de cône débouche sur l'autre des deux premiers bras 54 du second palonnier 53, lesdits premier et second troncs de cône se faisant face par leurs petites bases. L'autre desdits deux éléments de guidage 51 est positionné entre les deux seconds bras 55 du second palonnier 53 de sorte que la grande base d'un premier tronc de cône débouche sur un des seconds bras 55 du second palonnier 53 et la grande base d'un second tronc de cône débouche sur l'autre des deux seconds bras 55 du second palonnier 53, lesdits premier et second troncs de cône se faisant face par leurs petites bases. In such an embodiment, when the two guide members 50, 51, of the second lifter 53 are in the form of diabolos, one of said two guide members 50 is positioned between the first two arms 54 of the second lifter 53 so that the large base of a first truncated cone opens on one of the first arms 54 of the second spreader 53 and the large base of a second truncated cone opens on the other of the first two arms 54 of the second spreader 53, said first and second truncated cones facing each other by their small bases. The other of said two guide elements 51 is positioned between the two second arms 55 of the second spreader 53 so that the large base of a first frustum cone opens onto one of the second arms 55 of the second lifter 53 and the large base 53 'a second truncated cone opens on the other of the two second arms 55 of the second lifter 53, said first and second truncated cones facing each other by their small bases.
Un des deux éléments de guidage 50 du second mors 25 qui est sous la forme d'un diabolo comporte des rainures 59. Ces rainures 59 sont disposées sur chacun des troncs de cône du diabolo, longitudinalement de la petite base à la grande base.  One of the two guide members 50 of the second jaw 25 which is in the form of a diabolo has grooves 59. These grooves 59 are disposed on each of the cone truncated diabolo longitudinally from the small base to the large base.
Ledit outil 20 comporte en outre des moyens d'entraînement en rotation du diabolo rainuré selon son axe RI de révolution. De tels moyens d'entraînement en rotation peuvent par exemple comporter un bouton 60 d'entraînement en rotation relié au centre d'une grande base du diabolo rainuré de manière fixe en rotation selon l'axe RI par rapport au diabolo rainuré. L'entraînement en rotation selon l'axe RI par l'utilisateur du bouton 60 d'entraînement entraine en rotation le diabolo rainuré selon l'axe RI. Le bouton 60 d'entraînement en rotation peut être configuré pour coopérer avec un outil externe à l'outil 20 objet de la présente invention. Par exemple, il peut comprendre un évidement hexagonal de sorte à coopérer avec une clef alêne ou selon un autre exemple il peut comprendre un évidement carré ou un carré conducteur, de sorte à coopérer avec une clef à cliquet.  Said tool 20 further comprises means for rotating the diabolo grooved along its axis RI of revolution. Such rotational drive means may for example comprise a rotary drive button 60 connected to the center of a large base of the diabolo grooved fixedly in rotation along the axis RI with respect to the grooved diabolo. The rotation drive according to the axis RI by the user of the drive button 60 rotates the diabolo grooved along the axis RI. The rotary drive button 60 may be configured to cooperate with a tool external to the tool 20 of the present invention. For example, it may comprise a hexagonal recess so as to cooperate with a key awl or according to another example it may comprise a square recess or a conductive square, so as to cooperate with a ratchet wrench.
Le second mors 25 comporte des moyens de rotation du second organe de liaison 52 permettant d'orienter ledit second organe de liaison 52 dans chacune des au moins deux positions distinctes qu'il peut adopter. Les moyens de rotation servent ici aussi de moyens d'attache du second organe de liaison 52 au second mors 25. Ces moyens de rotation comportent par exemple un bouton poussoir 61 configuré pour être dans une position initiale ou une position enfoncée (lorsqu'il est actionné) ledit bouton poussoir 61 comportant un moyen de rappel élastique en position initiale tel qu'un ressort 62. Ledit bouton poussoir 61 est positionné sur une surface externe 63 du second mors 25 opposée à la surface interne 64 du second mors 25 ladite surface interne 64 faisant face au câble 22 lorsque ce dernier se trouve enserré entre le premier mors 24 et le second mors 25 de l'outil 20.  The second jaw 25 comprises means for rotating the second connecting member 52 for orienting said second connecting member 52 in each of the at least two distinct positions that it can adopt. The rotation means here also serve as attachment means of the second connecting member 52 to the second jaw 25. These means of rotation comprise for example a push button 61 configured to be in an initial position or a depressed position (when it is actuated) said push button 61 comprising an elastic return means in initial position such as a spring 62. Said push button 61 is positioned on an outer surface 63 of the second jaw 25 opposite the inner surface 64 of the second jaw 25 said inner surface 64 facing the cable 22 when the latter is sandwiched between the first jaw 24 and the second jaw 25 of the tool 20.
Les moyens de rotation du second mors 25 comportent également un arbre 65 longitudinal de rotation, de forme d'un cylindre d'axe A longitudinal de révolution perpendiculaire au plan P. Ledit arbre 65 est rattaché au bouton poussoir 42 par une de ses extrémités et traverse le second mors 25 selon l'axe A. L'arbre 65 traverse la surface externe 63 et la surface interne 64 du second mors 25. Ledit arbre 65 est rattaché au bouton poussoir 61 de manière à interdire toute rotation relative de l'arbre 65 par rapport au bouton poussoir 61 selon l'axe A. Ledit arbre 65 est en outre relié de manière fixe en rotation selon l'axe A à une platine de liaison 66 par son extrémité opposée à celle reliée au bouton poussoir 61 . On entend par « relié de manière fixe en rotation » pour la liaison entre l'arbre 65 et la platine de liaison 66 que tout mouvement de rotation selon l'axe A, relatif de l'arbre 65 par rapport à la platine de liaison 66, est impossible. L'arbre 65 et la platine de liaison 66 sont donc fixement solidaires en rotation selon l'axe A. Ladite platine de liaison 66 coopère avec l'évidement 58 formant un siège dans le second organe de liaison 52 de sorte à interdire tout mouvement de rotation relatif selon l'axe A de la platine de liaison 66 par rapport à l'évidemment 58 et donc par rapport au second organe de liaison 52. Comme illustré dans le mode de réalisation illustré en figure 5, la platine de liaison 66 à une forme globale de parallélépipède rectangle. The rotation means of the second jaw 25 also comprise a longitudinal shaft 65 of rotation, shaped like a cylinder with a longitudinal axis A of perpendicular to the plane P. Said shaft 65 is attached to the push button 42 by one of its ends and passes through the second jaw 25 along the axis A. The shaft 65 passes through the outer surface 63 and the inner surface 64 of the second jaw 25 Said shaft 65 is attached to the push button 61 so as to prevent any relative rotation of the shaft 65 with respect to the push button 61 along the axis A. Said shaft 65 is furthermore fixedly connected in rotation along the axis A to a connecting plate 66 at its end opposite to that connected to the push button 61. The term "fixedly connected in rotation" for the connection between the shaft 65 and the connecting plate 66 that any rotational movement along the axis A, relative to the shaft 65 relative to the connecting plate 66 , is impossible. The shaft 65 and the connecting plate 66 are thus firmly fixed in rotation along the axis A. Said connecting plate 66 cooperates with the recess 58 forming a seat in the second connecting member 52 so as to prohibit any movement of relative rotation along the axis A of the connecting plate 66 relative to the recess 58 and therefore with respect to the second connecting member 52. As illustrated in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. overall shape of rectangular parallelepiped.
La platine de liaison 66 que comprennent les moyens de rotation comportés par le second mors 25, comprend en outre des encoches 67 sur sa face supérieure 68 faisant face à la surface interne 64 du second mors 25. Ces encoches 67 coopèrent avec au moins un téton (non visibles sur les figures) positionné sur la surface interne 64 du second mors 25 de sorte à interdire tout mouvement de rotation de ladite platine de liaison 66 et donc du second organe de liaison 52, selon l'axe A. Cela correspond à une position initiale du bouton poussoir 61 compris par les moyens de rotation comportés par le second mors 25. Lorsque ce bouton poussoir 61 est actionné, c'est-à-dire enfoncé par l'utilisateur de l'outil 20 vers le second mors 25 selon l'axe A, les encoches 67 de la platine de liaison 66 et ledit au moins un téton du second mors 25 ne coopèrent pas et ainsi la platine de liaison 66 est libre en rotation selon l'axe A. Le second organe de liaison 52 étant fixement solidaire de cette platine de liaison 66, elle-même fixement solidaire de l'arbre 65 qui est lui- même fixement solidaire du bouton poussoir 61 , une rotation du bouton poussoir 61 selon l'axe A lorsqu'il est actionné par l'utilisateur, permet de passer d'une position du second organe de liaison 52 correspondant à une des positions des deux éléments de guidage 50, 51 , à une position du second organe de liaison 52 correspondant à une autre position des deux éléments de guidage 50, 51 . Lorsque l'utilisateur arrête d'actionner le bouton poussoir 61 , ce dernier repasse en position initiale grâce au moyen de rappel élastique qu'il comporte et les encoches 67 de la platine de liaison 66 coopèrent à nouveau avec ledit au moins un téton du second mors 25 empêchant à nouveau toute rotation de ladite platine 66 selon l'axe A. The connecting plate 66 that comprises the rotation means comprised by the second jaw 25, further comprises notches 67 on its upper face 68 facing the inner surface 64 of the second jaw 25. These notches 67 cooperate with at least one nipple (Not visible in the figures) positioned on the inner surface 64 of the second jaw 25 so as to prohibit any rotational movement of said connecting plate 66 and thus the second connecting member 52, along the axis A. This corresponds to a initial position of the push button 61 included by the rotation means comprised by the second jaw 25. When this push button 61 is actuated, that is to say pressed by the user of the tool 20 to the second jaw 25 according to the axis A, the notches 67 of the connecting plate 66 and said at least one stud of the second jaw 25 do not cooperate and thus the connecting plate 66 is free to rotate along the axis A. The second connecting member 52 being firmly attached to andte connecting plate 66, itself fixedly secured to the shaft 65 which is fixedly secured to the push button 61, a rotation of the button pushbutton 61 along the axis A when actuated by the user, makes it possible to move from a position of the second connecting member 52 corresponding to one of the positions of the two guide elements 50, 51, to a position of the second member link 52 corresponding to another position of the two guide elements 50, 51. When the user stops operating the push button 61, the latter returns to its initial position thanks to the elastic return means that it comprises and the notches 67 of the connecting plate 66 cooperate again with said at least one pin of the second jaws 25 again preventing any rotation of said plate 66 along the axis A.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, l'outil 20 comporte une tête de coupe comportant la lame 31 , ladite tête de coupe comprenant des moyens de réglage de la profondeur de coupe de la lame dans la gaine 21 externe du câble 22. Une telle tête de coupe est décrite dans la demande de brevet français n° FR1760316 de la demanderesse déposée le 2 novembre 2017.  In a particular embodiment, the tool 20 comprises a cutting head comprising the blade 31, said cutting head comprising means for adjusting the cutting depth of the blade in the outer sheath 21 of the cable 22. Such a head section is described in the French patent application FR1760316 of the applicant filed November 2, 2017.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
Outil (20) pour dégainer la gaine (21 ) externe d'un câble (22), ledit outil (20) comportant un premier mors (24) et un second mors (25) formant à eux deux une mâchoire destinée à enserrer le câble (22), l'outil (20) étant caractérisé en ce que : Tool (20) for stripping the outer sheath (21) of a cable (22), said tool (20) having a first jaw (24) and a second jaw (25) together forming a jaw for gripping the cable (22), the tool (20) being characterized in that:
- au moins le premier mors (24) comporte une lame (31 ) de coupe, ladite lame (31 ) étant orientable dans au moins deux positions distinctes choisies parmi une position selon un premier axe de coupe C orthogonal à un axe I longitudinal du câble (22) dans laquelle la lame (31 ) est destinée à réaliser une coupe circulaire de la gaine (21 ) du câble (22) et une position selon un deuxième axe de coupe L parallèle à l'axe I longitudinal du câble (22) dans laquelle la lame (31 ) est destinée à réaliser une coupe longitudinale de la gaine (21 ) du câble (22) ;  - At least the first jaw (24) comprises a cutting blade (31), said blade (31) being steerable in at least two distinct positions selected from a position along a first cutting axis C orthogonal to a longitudinal axis I of the cable (22) wherein the blade (31) is intended to make a circular section of the sheath (21) of the cable (22) and a position along a second cutting axis L parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable (22) wherein the blade (31) is intended to provide a longitudinal section of the sheath (21) of the cable (22);
- le second mors (25) comprend deux éléments de guidage (50, 51 ) du câble (22) orientables dans au moins deux positions distinctes choisies parmi une position dans laquelle lesdits éléments de guidage (50, 51 ) sont positionnés de sorte à guider le câble (22) en rotation autour de l'axe I longitudinal du câble (22) pour une coupe circulaire de la gaine (21 ) du câble (22) lorsque la lame (31 ) est orientée dans la position selon le premier axe de coupe C, et une position dans laquelle lesdits éléments de guidage (50, 51 ) sont positionnés de sorte à guider le câble (22) en translation selon son axe I longitudinal pour une coupe longitudinale de la gaine (21 ) du câble (22) lorsque la lame (31 ) est orientée dans la position selon le deuxième axe de coupe L.  the second jaw (25) comprises two guide elements (50, 51) of the cable (22) which can be oriented in at least two distinct positions chosen from a position in which said guide elements (50, 51) are positioned so as to guide the cable (22) rotating about the longitudinal axis I of the cable (22) for a circular section of the sheath (21) of the cable (22) when the blade (31) is oriented in the position along the first axis of section C, and a position in which said guide elements (50, 51) are positioned so as to guide the cable (22) in translation along its longitudinal axis I for a longitudinal section of the sheath (21) of the cable (22) when the blade (31) is oriented in the position along the second cutting axis L.
Outil (20) selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel le premier mors (24) comporte un premier organe de liaison (34) auquel est attaché un premier palonnier (35) dont au moins un premier bras (36) porte la lame (31 ), la position de la lame (31 ) étant dépendante de la position du premier organe de liaison (34), ledit premier organe de liaison (34) étant orientable dans au moins deux positions distinctes choisies parmi une position du premier organe de liaison (34) correspondant au positionnement de la lame (31 ) selon le premier axe de coupe C et une position du premier organe de liaison (34) correspondant au positionnement de la lame (31 ) selon le deuxième axe de coupe L. Tool (20) according to claim 1, wherein the first jaw (24) comprises a first connecting member (34) which is attached to a first spreader (35) of which at least a first arm (36) carries the blade (31) , the position of the blade (31) being dependent on the position of the first connecting member (34), said first connecting member (34) being orientable in at least two different positions selected from a position of the first connecting member (34) corresponding to the positioning of the blade (31) along the first cutting axis C and a position of the first connecting member (34) corresponding to the positioning of the blade (31) along the second cutting axis L.
Outil (20) selon la revendication 2, comportant des moyens de rotation du premier organe de liaison (34) configurés pour faire passer ledit premier organe de liaison (34) d'une de ses positions à l'autre. The tool (20) of claim 2 including means for rotating the first link member (34) configured to pass said first link member (34) from one of its positions to the other.
Outil (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 3, dans lequel au moins un second bras (40) du premier palonnier (35) porte un élément de guidage (41 ) du câble (22), la position dudit élément de guidage (41 ) étant dépendante de la position du premier organe de liaison (34), ledit élément de guidage (41 ) étant positionné de sorte à guider le câble (22) en rotation autour de l'axe I longitudinal du câble (22) pour une coupe circulaire de la gaine (21 ) du câble (22) lorsque le premier organe de liaison (34) est dans la position correspondant au positionnement de la lame (31 ) selon le premier axe de coupe C, et étant positionné de sorte à guider le câble (22) en translation selon son axe I longitudinal pour une coupe longitudinale de la gaine (21 ) du câble (22) lorsque le premier organe de liaison (34) est dans la position correspondant au positionnement de la lame (31 ) selon le deuxième axe de coupe L. A tool (20) according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein at least a second arm (40) of the first beam (35) carries a guide member (41) of the cable (22), the position of said element of guide (41) being dependent on the position of the first connecting member (34), said guide member (41) being positioned to guide the cable (22) in rotation about the longitudinal axis I of the cable (22) for a circular section of the sheath (21) of the cable (22) when the first connecting member (34) is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade (31) along the first cutting axis C, and being positioned so that guiding the cable (22) in translation along its longitudinal axis I for a longitudinal section of the sheath (21) of the cable (22) when the first connecting member (34) is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade (31). ) according to the second cutting axis L.
Outil (20) selon la revendication 4 dans lequel, l'élément de guidage (41 ) du câble (22) est sous la forme d'un diabolo libre en rotation selon un axe D de révolution correspondant à la hauteur partagée des deux troncs de cône formant le diabolo, ledit axe D de révolution étant parallèle à l'axe I longitudinal du câble (22) lorsque le premier organe de liaison (34) est dans la position correspondant au positionnement de la lame 31 selon le premier axe de coupe C, et orthogonal à l'axe I longitudinal du câble (22) lorsque le premier organe de liaison (34) est dans la position correspondant au positionnement de la lame (31 ) selon le deuxième axe de coupe L. Tool (20) according to claim 4 wherein, the guide element (41) of the cable (22) is in the form of a diabolo free to rotate along an axis D of revolution corresponding to the shared height of the two trunks of cone forming the diabolo, said axis D of revolution being parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable (22) when the first connecting member (34) is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade 31 according to the first cutting axis C and orthogonal to the longitudinal axis I of the cable (22) when the first connecting member (34) is in the position corresponding to the positioning of the blade (31) along the second axis cutting L.
Outil (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, dans lequel le premier palonnier (35) est attaché au moins par son centre au premier organe de liaison (34) de manière libre en rotation selon un axe F orthogonal à l'axe de coupe de la lame (31 ), de sorte à permettre un mouvement de bascule du premier palonnier (35) autour de l'axe F en fonction des forces qui s'appliquent sur au moins un bras du premier palonnier (35) lorsque la mâchoire formée par le premier mors (24) et le second mors (25) enserre le câble (22). Tool (20) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the first lifter (35) is attached at least by its center to the first connecting member (34) freely in rotation along an axis F orthogonal to the cutting axis of the blade (31), so as to allow a rocking movement of the first spreader (35) about the axis F according to the forces that apply to at least one arm of the first spreader (35) when the jaw formed by the first jaw (24) and the second jaw (25) encloses the cable (22).
Outil (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel le second mors (25) comporte un second organe de liaison (52) auquel est attaché un second palonnier (53) dont au moins un premier bras (54) porte un des deux éléments de guidage (50) et au moins un second bras (55) porte l'autre des deux éléments de guidage (51 ), la position des deux éléments de guidage (50, 51 ) étant dépendante de la position du second organe de liaison (52), ledit second organe de liaison (52) étant orientable dans au moins deux positions distinctes choisies parmi une position du second organe de liaison (52) correspondant à un positionnement des deux éléments de guidage (50, 51 ) dans la position destinée au guidage du câble (22) en rotation autour de l'axe I longitudinal du câble (22) et une position du second organe de liaison (52) correspondant à un positionnement des deux éléments de guidage (50, 51 ) dans la position destinée au guidage du câble (22) en translation selon son axe I longitudinal. Tool (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the second jaw (25) comprises a second connecting member (52) which is attached to a second spreader (53) including at least a first arm (54) carries one of the two guide elements (50) and at least one second arm (55) carries the other of the two guide elements (51), the position of the two guide elements (50, 51) being dependent on the position of the second connecting member (52), said second connecting member (52) being orientable in at least two distinct positions selected from a position of the second connecting member (52) corresponding to a positioning of the two guide members (50, 51) in the position intended to guide the cable (22) in rotation about the longitudinal axis I of the cable (22) and a position of the second connecting member (52) corresponding to a positioning of the two guide elements (50, 51) in the position for guiding the cable (22) in translation along its longitudinal axis I.
Outil (20) selon la revendication 7, comportant des moyens de rotation du second organe de liaison (52) configurés pour faire passer ledit second organe de liaison (52) d'une de ses positions à l'autre. - Outil (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel les deux éléments de guidage (50, 51 ) du câble (22) que comprend le second mors (25) sont chacun sous la forme d'un diabolo libre en rotation selon son axe de révolution respectif RI et RM correspondant à la hauteur partagée des deux troncs de cône formant respectivement chaque diabolo, lesdits axes RI et RM de révolution des deux diabolos étant parallèles entre eux et étant parallèles à l'axe I longitudinal du câble (22) lorsque les deux éléments de guidage (50, 51 ) sont dans la position destinée au guidage du câble (22) en rotation autour de l'axe I longitudinal du câble (22), et étant orthogonaux à l'axe I longitudinal du câble (22) lorsque les deux éléments de guidage (50, 51 ) sont dans la position destinée au guidage du câble (22) en translation selon son axe I longitudinal. - Outil (20) selon la revendication 9, dans lequel au moins un des éléments de guidage (50) sous la forme d'un diabolo comporte des rainures (59), ledit outil (20) comportant en outre des moyens d'entraînement en rotation du diabolo rainuré selon son axe RI de révolution. The tool (20) of claim 7 including means for rotating the second link member (52) configured to pass said second link member (52) from one of its positions to the other. - Tool (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the two guide elements (50, 51) of the cable (22) that includes the second jaws (25) are each in the form of a diabolo free in rotation along its respective axis of revolution RI and RM corresponding to the shared height of the two cone frustums respectively forming each diabolo, said axes RI and RM of revolution of the two diabolos being parallel to each other and being parallel to the longitudinal axis I of the cable (22) when the two guide elements (50, 51) are in the position intended to guide the cable (22) in rotation around the longitudinal axis I of the cable (22), and being orthogonal to the longitudinal axis I of the cable (22) when the two guide elements (50, 51) are in the position intended to guide the cable (22) in translation along its longitudinal axis I . - Tool (20) according to claim 9, wherein at least one of the guiding elements (50) in the form of a diabolo comprises grooves (59), said tool (20) further comprising drive means rotation of the diabolo grooved along its axis RI of revolution.
PCT/FR2018/052703 2017-11-02 2018-10-31 Stripping tool having an orientable blade WO2019086810A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1760317A FR3073101B1 (en) 2017-11-02 2017-11-02 TOOL FOR DEGAINING AN ORIENTABLE BLADE
FR1760317 2017-11-02

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WO2019086810A1 true WO2019086810A1 (en) 2019-05-09

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CN111884137A (en) * 2020-08-04 2020-11-03 贵州电网有限责任公司 BLVV molded lines wire stripper
CN117060286A (en) * 2023-10-11 2023-11-14 天津滨电电力工程有限公司 Ring longitudinal integrated stripping and cutting device for high-voltage cable outer sheath and metal sheath

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CN110416927B (en) * 2019-07-22 2020-11-03 国网山东省电力公司招远市供电公司 Preheating type cable peeling knife

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CN111884137A (en) * 2020-08-04 2020-11-03 贵州电网有限责任公司 BLVV molded lines wire stripper
CN111884137B (en) * 2020-08-04 2021-12-21 贵州电网有限责任公司 BLVV molded lines wire stripper
CN117060286A (en) * 2023-10-11 2023-11-14 天津滨电电力工程有限公司 Ring longitudinal integrated stripping and cutting device for high-voltage cable outer sheath and metal sheath
CN117060286B (en) * 2023-10-11 2024-01-05 天津滨电电力工程有限公司 Ring longitudinal integrated stripping and cutting device for high-voltage cable outer sheath and metal sheath

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FR3073101A1 (en) 2019-05-03

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