WO2019072183A1 - 一种热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2019072183A1
WO2019072183A1 PCT/CN2018/109565 CN2018109565W WO2019072183A1 WO 2019072183 A1 WO2019072183 A1 WO 2019072183A1 CN 2018109565 W CN2018109565 W CN 2018109565W WO 2019072183 A1 WO2019072183 A1 WO 2019072183A1
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gas
borehole
microwave radiation
coal seam
casing
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倪冠华
解宏超
程卫民
李钊
谢景娜
董凯
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E21B43/263—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using explosives
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose

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  • the invention relates to a coal seam secondary anti-reflection device and method for thermal disturbance and borehole gas explosion cooperation, and belongs to the field of coal seam anti-reflection gas drainage in coal mine underground area, and is especially suitable for high adsorption and difficult desorption gas coal seam operation.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a secondary anti-reflection device and method for coal seams in thermal disturbance and borehole gas explosion in view of the problems existing in the existing high-adsorption, hard-desorbable gas coal seam promoting gas desorption technology.
  • a thermal perturbation and borehole gas explosion cooperative coal seam secondary anti-reflection device of the present invention comprising a microwave radiation system, a borehole gas detonation system, a gas injection fire prevention system and a gas extraction device; the microwave radiation
  • the system is composed of a microwave radiation generator, a waveguide valve, a waveguide, and a microwave radiation probe.
  • the microwave radiation probe is externally provided with a protection screen tube 2.
  • the drilling gas detonation system is composed of a drilling gas detonation monitoring device and a pulse ignition head.
  • the gas concentration control system is composed of a heptafluoropropane gas injection pipe and a gas injection pipe valve.
  • the front end of the casing penetrates into the borehole, and the rear end is connected with a microwave generator.
  • the gas extraction device and the heptafluoropropane gas injection pipe are connected with a drilling gas detonation monitoring device at the lower end, the microwave radiation probe and the pulse ignition head penetrate into the borehole with the casing, and the gas concentration sensor and the temperature sensor transmit the gas in the casing through the M12 connector in real time. Concentration and temperature conditions to the gas detonation monitoring device.
  • the thermal perturbation and the gas-fired explosion of the present invention cooperate with the coal seam secondary anti-reflection method, comprising the following steps:
  • the inner diameter of the drill hole being larger than the outer diameter of the casing by 1 to 2 mm;
  • a microwave radiation generator the upper end of the casing extending from the borehole is connected with the gas extraction device and the heptafluoropropane gas injection pipe, and the lower end of the casing extending from the drill hole is connected with the drilling gas detonation monitoring device;
  • microwave radiation generator perform microwave radiation on the coal seam, heat the coal seam and generate crack holes in the coal seam, promote gas desorption, and conduct gas drainage through the gas extraction device;
  • heptafluoropropane is injected through a heptafluoropropane gas injection pipe to cool the fire.
  • the high-strength protection screen tube outside the microwave radiation probe can prevent damage to the microwave radiation probe for various reasons, and the protection screen tube does not affect the microwave radiation.
  • the temperature threshold is 280 ° C.
  • the monitoring system issues an alarm, and the gas injection and fire suppression system responds, injecting heptafluoropropane to extinguish the fire and prevent coal and gas from spontaneous combustion.
  • the detonation gas concentration is 5%-9%, 10%-16% in order to manufacture a small-scale gas explosion, and avoid the potential danger of high-intensity explosion of gas.
  • the present invention solves the limitation of the existing high-adsorption, hard-desorbable gas coal seam promoting coal seam gas technology, and adopts a combination of microwave and induced gas explosion in the borehole to first perform microwave irradiation on the coal seam to heat the coal seam. And crack holes are generated in the coal seam to promote gas desorption.
  • the pulse ignition device ignites, detonates the gas in the borehole, and shatters the coal seam. Promote the secondary desorption of coal seam gas, and then discharge the gas through the gas extraction device to achieve the effect of pre-extracting coal seam gas.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
  • a thermal perturbation and borehole gas explosion cooperation coal seam secondary anti-reflection device comprises a microwave radiation generator 10, a waveguide valve 11, a waveguide 12, a microwave radiation probe 13, a probe protection screen tube 14
  • the microwave radiation system comprises a borehole gas detonation system consisting of a borehole gas detonation monitoring device 15, a pulse ignition head 16, a gas concentration sensor 17, and a temperature sensor 18, and a gas injection composed of a heptafluoropropane gas injection pipe 6 and a gas injection pipe valve 7.
  • Fire prevention system, gas extraction device 8 8.
  • the front end of the sleeve 4 penetrates into the borehole 2, the rear end of the sleeve 4 is connected with the microwave generator 10, and the sleeve 4 extending from the borehole 2 is terminated with a gas extraction device 8, a heptafluoropropane gas injection pipe 6, and a drill at the lower end.
  • the microwave radiation probe 13 and the pulse ignition head 16 penetrate into the borehole 2 with the casing 4, and the gas concentration sensor 17 and the temperature sensor 18 transmit the gas concentration and temperature in the casing 4 through the M12 connector 19 to the gas detonation monitoring device 15 in real time. .
  • the method for cooperating a gas permeation with a borehole gas explosion in a coal seam secondary penetration method comprises the steps of: drilling a drilling hole 2 in a gas seam to be extracted, the inner diameter of the borehole 2 being smaller than the casing 4
  • the diameter of the casing is 1 to 2 mm; the front end of the casing 4 in which the microwave radiation probe 13 and the pulse ignition head 16 are placed is deep into the borehole 2, and is sealed with a sealing material 5; a high-strength protective screen is arranged at the front end of the casing 4.
  • a third, used to support the coal seam 1 the upper end of the casing 4 extending out of the borehole 2 is connected to the gas extraction device 8, the heptafluoropropane gas injection pipe 6, the lower end is connected to the borehole gas detonation monitoring device 15; the microwave radiation generator 10 is turned on, The coal seam 1 is subjected to microwave radiation, the coal seam 1 is heated and a crack hole is generated in the coal seam 1, the gas desorption is promoted, and the gas is extracted by the gas extraction device 8; when the gas emission detonation monitoring device 15 monitors the gas concentration is 5 When %-9%, 10%-16%, the ignition pulse ignition head 16 is ignited, the gas in the borehole 2 is detonated, the coal seam 1 is shattered, and the second desorption of the coal seam 1 watt is promoted; when the temperature is detected to exceed the threshold value 280 At °C, heptafluoropropane is injected to cool down the fire; Step c, d, e, and cooperate to achieve thermal disturbance
  • the high-strength protection screen tube 14 outside the microwave radiation probe 13 can prevent the microwave radiation probe 13 from being damaged for various reasons, and the protection screen tube 14 does not affect the microwave radiation.
  • the temperature threshold is 280 ° C.
  • the monitoring system issues an alarm, and the gas injection and fire suppression system responds, and the gas injection pipe valve 7 is opened to extinguish the fire and prevent coal and gas from spontaneous combustion.
  • the detonation gas concentration avoids the optimal explosion concentration and is in the range of 5%-9%, 10%-16% in order to manufacture a small-scale gas explosion and avoid the potential danger of high-intensity explosion of gas.

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  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透装置，包括微波辐射系统、钻孔瓦斯引爆系统、注气防灭火系统和瓦斯抽采装置(8)，微波辐射系统由微波辐射发生器(10)、波导管阀门(11)、波导管(12)、微波辐射探头(13)组成；钻孔瓦斯引爆系统由钻孔瓦斯引爆监控装置(15)、脉冲点火头(16)、瓦斯浓度传感器(17)、温度传感器(18)组成；注气防灭火系统由七氟丙烷注气管(6)和注气管阀门(7)组成；套管(4)前端深入到钻孔(2)内，套管后端接有微波辐射发生器，伸出钻孔的套管上端接有瓦斯抽采装置、七氟丙烷注气管，伸出钻孔的套管下端接有钻孔瓦斯引爆监控装置(15)；微波辐射探头及脉冲点火头随套管深入到钻孔内部，传感器通过M12连接器(19)实时传输套管内瓦斯浓度及温度情况至瓦斯引爆监控装置。还涉及一种热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透方法。

Description

一种热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透装置及方法，属于煤矿井下区域煤层增透瓦斯抽采领域，尤其适用于高吸附、难解吸的瓦斯煤层作业。
背景技术
我国煤层存在一部分具有高吸附、难解吸特性的瓦斯煤层，随着采深的增加和高效集约化生产的推广，难解吸瓦斯煤层所带来的抽采效率低、钻孔施工量大等问题，已不能满足当前防治瓦斯灾害的需要，如何促进煤层瓦斯解吸、提高瓦斯抽采效果，已是近年来国外研究的技术热点，主要措施有：水力割缝、水力掏槽、深孔预裂爆破、开采保护层等，水力割缝存在硬煤切割困难、软煤割缝卸压范围有限等弊端，水力掏槽易恶化工作环境；深孔预裂爆破易产生哑炮而留有安全隐患。仅凭单一的促进瓦斯解吸技术面临着很多局限性，因此急需一种高效、复合技术来满足目前需要应对的问题。
发明内容
技术问题：本发明的目的是针对现有高吸附、难解吸的瓦斯煤层促进瓦斯解吸技术中存在的问题，提供一种热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透装置及方法，来弥补现有单一煤层促进瓦斯解吸技术的局限性，增加煤层透气性，加快煤层瓦斯二次解吸，从而实现煤层瓦斯抽采的高效化。
技术方案：本发明的一种热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透装置，由微波辐射系统、钻孔瓦斯引爆系统、注气防灭火系统和瓦斯抽采装置组成；所述微波辐射系统由微波辐射发生器、波导管阀门、波导管、微波辐射探头组成，所述微波辐射探头外部设置有保护筛管二，所述钻孔瓦斯引爆系统由钻孔瓦斯引爆监控装置、脉冲点火头、瓦斯浓度传感器、温度传感器组成，所述注气防灭火系统由七氟丙烷注气管和注气管阀门组成，套管前端深入到钻孔内，后端接有微波发生器，所述套管上端接有瓦斯抽采装置和七氟丙烷注气管，下端接有钻孔瓦斯引爆监控装置，微波辐射探头及脉冲点火头随套管深入到钻孔内部，瓦斯浓度传感器和温度传感器通过M12连接器实时传输套管内瓦斯浓度及温度情况至瓦斯引爆监控装置。
本发明的热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透方法，包括如下步骤：
a、在待抽采瓦斯煤层钻取抽采钻孔，所述钻孔内径比套管外径大1～2mm；
b、将放置有微波辐射探头和脉冲点火头的套管前端送入到钻孔内部，用封孔材料封孔 固定；套管前端布置保护筛管一，用来支撑煤层，套管后端连接微波辐射发生器，伸出钻孔的套管上端连接瓦斯抽采装置和七氟丙烷注气管，伸出钻孔的套管下端连接钻孔瓦斯引爆监控装置；
c、开启微波辐射发生器，对煤层进行微波辐射，加热煤层并在煤层中催生出裂隙孔，促进瓦斯解吸，通过瓦斯抽采装置进行瓦斯抽采；
d、当钻孔瓦斯引爆监控装置监测到瓦斯浓度处于5％-9％、10％-16％时，控制脉冲点火头点火，引爆钻孔内瓦斯，对煤层进行震裂，促进煤层瓦斯二次解吸；
e、当监测到温度较高超过阈值280℃时，通过七氟丙烷注气管注入七氟丙烷进行降温灭火。
f、重复步骤c、d、e，实现热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透抽采过程。
所述的微波辐射探头外部的高强度保护筛管，可以防止各种原因对微波辐射探头造成破坏，同时该保护筛管不会对微波辐射造成影响。
所述的温度阈值为280℃，当超过阈值，监控系统发出警报，同时注气防灭火系统响应，注入七氟丙烷进行灭火降温，防止煤炭、瓦斯自燃。
所述的引爆瓦斯浓度处于5％-9％、10％-16％是为了制造小范围瓦斯爆炸，避免瓦斯高强度爆炸造成潜在危险。
有益效果：本发明解决了现有高吸附、难解吸的瓦斯煤层促进煤层瓦斯技术存在的局限性，运用微波和诱导钻孔内瓦斯爆炸相联合的方式，首先对煤层进行微波辐射，加热煤层并在煤层中催生出裂隙孔，促进瓦斯解吸，当瓦斯浓度达到瓦斯爆炸浓度5％-9％、10％-16％时，脉冲点火装置点火，引爆钻孔内瓦斯，对煤层进行震裂，促进煤层瓦斯二次解吸，随后通过瓦斯抽采装置将瓦斯排出，达到预抽煤层瓦斯的效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明的实施例示意图
图2是本发明的结构示意图
图中：1-煤层，2-钻孔，3-保护筛管一，4-套管，5-封孔材料，6-七氟丙烷注气管，7-注气管阀门，8-瓦斯抽采装置，9-瓦斯抽采口阀门，10-微波辐射发生器，11-波导管阀门，12-波导管，13-微波辐射探头，14-保护筛管二，15-瓦斯引爆监控装置，16-脉冲点火头，17-瓦斯浓度传感器，18-温度传感器，19-M12连接器
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例作进一步的描述：
在图1中，一种热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透装置，包括由微波辐射发生器 10、波导管阀门11、波导管12、微波辐射探头13、探头保护筛管二14组成的微波辐射系统，由钻孔瓦斯引爆监控装置15、脉冲点火头16、瓦斯浓度传感器17、温度传感器18组成的钻孔瓦斯引爆系统，由七氟丙烷注气管6和注气管阀门7组成的注气防灭火系统，瓦斯抽采装置8。套管4前端深入到钻孔2内，套管4后端接有微波发生器10，伸出钻孔2的套管4上端接有瓦斯抽采装置8、七氟丙烷注气管6，下端接有钻孔瓦斯引爆监控装置15。微波辐射探头13及脉冲点火头16随套管4深入到钻孔2内部，瓦斯浓度传感器17和温度传感器18通过M12连接器19实时传输套管4内瓦斯浓度及温度情况至瓦斯引爆监控装置15。
所述的一种热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透方法，包括如下步骤：在待抽采瓦斯煤层1钻取抽采钻孔2，该钻孔2内径应比套管4外径大1～2mm；将放置有微波辐射探头13和脉冲点火头16的套管4前端深入到钻孔2内部，用封孔材料5封孔固定；套管4前端布置有高强度保护筛管一3，用来支撑煤层1，伸出钻孔2的套管4上端接入瓦斯抽采装置8、七氟丙烷注气管6，下端接入钻孔瓦斯引爆监控装置15；开启微波辐射发生器10，对煤层1进行微波辐射，加热煤层1并在煤层1中催生出裂隙孔，促进瓦斯解吸，通过瓦斯抽采装置8对瓦斯进行抽采；当钻孔瓦斯引爆监控装置15监测到瓦斯浓度处于5％-9％、10％-16％时，控制脉冲点火头16点火，引爆钻孔2内瓦斯，对煤层1进行震裂，促进煤层1瓦斯二次解吸；当监测到温度较高超过阈值280℃时，注入七氟丙烷进行降温灭火；重复步骤c、d、e，实现热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透抽采过程。
所述的微波辐射探头13外部的高强度保护筛管二14，可以防止各种原因对微波辐射探头13造成破坏，同时该保护筛管二14不会对微波辐射造成影响。
所述的温度阈值为280℃，当超过温度阈值，监控系统发出警报，同时注气防灭火系统响应，注气管阀门7打开进行灭火降温，防止煤炭、瓦斯自燃。
所述的引爆瓦斯浓度避开最佳爆炸浓度且处于5％-9％、10％-16％是为了制造小范围瓦斯爆炸，避免瓦斯高强度爆炸造成潜在危险。

Claims (2)

  1. 一种热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透装置，其特征在于：所述装置由微波辐射系统、钻孔瓦斯引爆系统、注气防灭火系统和瓦斯抽采装置组成；所述微波辐射系统由微波辐射发生器(10)、波导管阀门(11)、波导管(12)、微波辐射探头(13)组成，所述微波辐射探头(13)外部设置有保护筛管二(14)，所述钻孔瓦斯引爆系统由钻孔瓦斯引爆监控装置(15)、脉冲点火头(16)、瓦斯浓度传感器(17)、温度传感器(18)组成，所述注气防灭火系统由七氟丙烷注气管(6)和注气管阀门(7)组成，套管(4)前端深入到钻孔(2)内，后端接有微波发生器(10)，所述套管(4)上端接有瓦斯抽采装置(8)和七氟丙烷注气管(6)，下端接有钻孔瓦斯引爆监控装置(15)，微波辐射探头(13)及脉冲点火头(16)随套管(4)深入到钻孔(2)内部，瓦斯浓度传感器(17)和温度传感器(18)通过M12连接器(19)实时传输套管(4)内瓦斯浓度及温度情况至瓦斯引爆监控装置(15)。
  2. 权利要求1所述装置的热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    a、在待抽采瓦斯煤层(1)钻取抽采钻孔(2)，所述钻孔(2)内径比套管(4)外径大1～2mm；
    b、将放置有微波辐射探头(13)和脉冲点火头(16)的套管(4)前端送入到钻孔(2)内部，用封孔材料(5)封孔固定；套管(4)前端布置保护筛管一(3)，用来支撑煤层(1)，套管(4)后端连接微波辐射发生器(10)，伸出钻孔(2)的套管(4)上端连接瓦斯抽采装置(8)和七氟丙烷注气管(6)，伸出钻孔(2)的套管(4)下端连接钻孔瓦斯引爆监控装置(15)；
    c、开启微波辐射发生器(10)，对煤层(1)进行微波辐射，加热煤层(1)并在煤层(1)中催生出裂隙孔，促进瓦斯解吸，通过瓦斯抽采装置(8)进行瓦斯抽采；
    d、当钻孔瓦斯引爆监控装置(15)监测到瓦斯浓度处于5％-9％、10％-16％时，控制脉冲点火头(16)点火，引爆钻孔(2)内瓦斯，对煤层(1)进行震裂，促进煤层(1)瓦斯二次解吸；
    e、当监测到温度较高超过阈值280℃时，通过七氟丙烷注气管(6)注入七氟丙烷进行降温灭火；
    f、重复步骤c、d、e，实现热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透抽采过程。
PCT/CN2018/109565 2017-10-11 2018-10-10 一种热扰动与钻孔瓦斯爆炸协作煤层二次增透装置及方法 Ceased WO2019072183A1 (zh)

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