WO2019064277A1 - Stratifié blindé transparent constitué de tuiles avec des articulations non perpendiculaires - Google Patents

Stratifié blindé transparent constitué de tuiles avec des articulations non perpendiculaires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019064277A1
WO2019064277A1 PCT/IB2018/057590 IB2018057590W WO2019064277A1 WO 2019064277 A1 WO2019064277 A1 WO 2019064277A1 IB 2018057590 W IB2018057590 W IB 2018057590W WO 2019064277 A1 WO2019064277 A1 WO 2019064277A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tiles
layer
laminate
transparent
armored
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2018/057590
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mario Arturo MANNHEIM ASTETE
Pierre MEZEIX
Original Assignee
Agp America S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agp America S.A. filed Critical Agp America S.A.
Publication of WO2019064277A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019064277A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0407—Transparent bullet-proof laminatesinformative reference: layered products essentially comprising glass in general B32B17/06, e.g. B32B17/10009; manufacture or composition of glass, e.g. joining glass to glass C03; permanent multiple-glazing windows, e.g. with spacing therebetween, E06B3/66
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0492—Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transparent armored laminate with an array of transparent tiles, and specifically to a transparent armored laminate having tiles with non-perpendicular joints.
  • the tiles with non-perpendicular joints of the present invention increase the ability of the transparent armored laminate to withstand a variety of ballistic threats.
  • the invention provides an optimum transparent shielding capability for any type of application such as ground vehicle, watercraft, space vehicles or body armor applications.
  • Transparent armor has been more and more used since military and nonmilitary applications. Such armors are generally used as windows for ground, marine vehicles and aircrafts. Such armors may also be used for architectural applications such as transparent windows, doors, roofs or transparent walls.
  • the protective value of an array of tiles progressively degrades as impact points approach the edges, corers, and abutting joints between individual tiles. To ensure protection against ballistic threats on 100% of the surface, these weaknesses need to be strengthened. The most common way of doing this is to increase the level of the armor, this increase is obtained by modifying the thickness of the armor or increasing the length and width of the tiles.
  • the prior art contemplates several attempts to solve the problems of mechanical and ballistic resistance in the edges or joints of the tiles.
  • Document US 7,681,485 B2 discloses a laminated, optically transparent, ballistic resistant structure consisting essentially of: a first transparent layer; a second layer of transparent ceramic tiles scattered through the first layer; and a third transparent layer, the first and third layers being attached to opposite sides of the second layer, respectively, by a transparent adhesive.
  • the first and third layers are layers of glass.
  • the first layer is in front and the third layer behind the second layer, the structure further comprising a transparent anti-spiral layer behind the third layer.
  • Document US 7,681,485 B2 discloses a second layer with a single layer of ceramic tiles, its thickness is from 5mm to 10mm for protection against Level III of ballistic threats, 7mm to 12mm for Level IV threats, 1 1mm to 20 mm for Level V threats, 13 mm to 16 mm for ballistic threats of 12.7 mm caliber, and 16 mm to 20 mm to defeat for ballistic threats of 14.5 mm caliber. Also, it indicates that it can increases tile layers in the second layer. However, both solutions increase the overall thickness of the shield, and can be difficult to fabricate and may be difficult to use in a flat layer laminate arrangement.
  • Document US 2009/0320675 Al discloses a transparent shield structure comprising: a mosaic tile layer having at least two transparent tiles edge-bonded together in a mosaic arrangement and a transparent backing plate face-bonded to the mosaic tile layer with a transparent adhesive for reinforcing the mosaic tile layer.
  • a transparent shield structure comprising: a mosaic tile layer having at least two transparent tiles edge-bonded together in a mosaic arrangement and a transparent backing plate face-bonded to the mosaic tile layer with a transparent adhesive for reinforcing the mosaic tile layer.
  • the edge-bonded mosaic arrangement of the mosaic tile layer reduces the energy transferred from an impacted tile to an adjacent tile of the mosaic tile layer to localize damage caused by the impact.
  • Document US 6,332,390 B l discloses a ceramic armor system comprising a laminate backing having a front surface; a plurality of ceramic tiles, each tile having a front surface, a back surface and edges, wherein the edges of adjacent tiles form tile joints, and wherein the ceramic tiles are bonded to the front surface of the laminate backing. Also, the system comprises an overlay strips, each having a substantially rectangular cross-section, bonded over the tile joints on the front surface of the tiles and a spall shield bonded over the ceramic tiles and the overlay strips, wherein the laminate backing is comprised of a plurality of layers of fiber-reinforced laminates.
  • the present invention relates to transparent armored laminate that improves the joint ballistic performance with a special joint design that comprises a plurality of tiles (3) placed side by side to form a layer of armored tiles having at least one external layer (1) having an outer surface ( 12) facing outwardly of a protected space and an inner surface (1 1) facing the inside of a protected space.
  • Each tile (3) is placed side by side to form a layer of armor tiles, each tile (3) is formed by an upper base (4), a lower base (5) and non-perpendicular lateral ends (6).
  • the array of tiles (3) is configured in different ways, for example, joined by means of at least two lateral ends (6) to form the external layer (1).
  • the transparent armored laminate improves the strength of the joints of the tiles (3) of the external layer (1), in particular by means of the array of tiles (3) in the form of trapezoidal prisms, which consists of four non-perpendicular lateral ends (6).
  • Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the transparent armored laminate comprising a layer of an array of tiles in which the joints are given by inclined laterals ends.
  • Figure 2 shows a tile with a geometric form of a parallelepiped which has an upper base, a lower base and lateral ends.
  • Figure 3 shows a cross section of an embodiment of the transparent armored laminate comprising an array of tiles with geometric form of trapezoidal prism, in addition the transparent armored laminate counts on a protective layer and a backing layer.
  • Figure 4 shows an embodiment of the transparent armored laminate comprising a layer of an array of tiles with geometric form of trapezoidal prism, this layer being comprised of tiles of different materials.
  • Figure 5 shows a cross section of an embodiment of the transparent armored laminate comprising three layers of an array of tiles with geometric form of trapezoidal prism, in addition the transparent armored laminate has a protective layer, intermediate layers backing layer.
  • the present invention relates to a transparent armored laminate with the purpose of absorbing energy of impacts, therefore providing an effective retention of the projectile and of the glass fragments generated by the impact.
  • the invention provides superior ballistic protection for Bullet Resistant Glass (BRG) destined for automobile applications, for fixed and mobile pieces.
  • BRG Bullet Resistant Glass
  • the transparent armored laminate corresponds to an armor layer comprising a series of tiles joined together by the use of polymeric adhesives.
  • the transparent armored laminate works as a set which absorbs the greatest amount of projectile energy, and its surface depends on the size of the window.
  • the thickness of the transparent armored laminate can range from a few mm to a few cm, depending on the application.
  • the transparent armored laminate comprises an external layer (1) having an outer surface (12) facing outwardly to a protected space and an inner surface (11) facing the interior of the protected space, the external layer (1) is formed by an array of tiles (3).
  • Each tile (3) is formed by an upper base (4), a lower base (5) and non-perpendicular lateral ends (6).
  • the arrangement of tiles (3) is configured in different ways, for instance, they can be joined by means of at least two lateral ends (6) in order to form the external layer (1).
  • the angles of the lateral ends (6) of the tiles (3) are corresponding angles in which the outer surface (12) of the external layer (1) is flat.
  • “exterior” or “outside” reference is being made to the space from which a bullet is normally shot from, and "outer” as a layer face located furthest from the glass' center; likewise, “interior” refers to the closed space protected, and “inner” as a layer face of a BRG glass located nearest the center of said glass.
  • ballistic weaknesses occur in the joining joints, which causes the ballistic transparent armored laminates to increase the thickness and size with the objective to decrease ballistic weakness of joints.
  • the present invention discloses means for a lighter and stronger composite armor of different materials, such as glass, ceramics or additional materials lighter than traditional pure metal armor.
  • the present invention comprises a transparent armor configuration with tiles having at least two inclined lateral ends, whereby the joints of the tiles are mechanically improved, above all by means of a tile with a shape of trapezoidal prisms.
  • the impact resistance will largely depend on the adhesive that is used to join the two tiles or the thickness of the tiles.
  • the external layer (1) of the present invention having a special array of tiles (3) with the inclined edges or laterals ends (6), forms a transparent armored laminate having a higher mechanical resistance to impact.
  • the configuration of the tiles and their geometry provide a special arrangement with sloped edges, forming an array which has an overall higher flexural strength, because each tile (3) is blocked by the surrounding tiles (3). Therefore, upon receiving the impact of a projectile, the tile (3) having laterals ends (6) located on the side of the inner surface (11) of the external layer (1) decomposes the impact force of the projectile leading the tiles (3) undergoes fracture and deformation in such a way that the orientation and path of the projectile are altered.
  • the basic principle is based on utilizing conservation of linear and angular momentum such that some tiles fracture and move causing the projectile to alter its original trajectory as well as its original angular orientation or its yaw angle.
  • the tiles (3) of the present invention have lateral ends (6) inclined at an angle such that they tend to redirect the incoming projectile so that the new redirected path of the projectile will deflect its trajectory at a different angle carried out, i.e. an oblique angle.
  • the shape of ceramic tiles controls the propagation of shock waves associated with impact by a projectile.
  • the tile controls the propagation of shock waves slowing down the propagation of shock wave energy so that, to the extent that the shock wave energy passes through the tile, the backing layers are less susceptible to tearing or breaking.
  • the angle of inclination provided by the lateral ends (6) preferably ranges from about 20 ° to about 60 ° degrees.
  • the ceramic tiles may be separated by intervening polymer spacer layers, or the ceramic tiles may be held at an oblique angle by an encasing retaining polymer.
  • the retaining polymer may be any suitable visco-elastic polymer.
  • All the lateral ends (6) can be polished, then they are fused together subjecting them to high temperature and pressure, to improve the transparency of the joints of the tiles (3).
  • the lateral ends (6) can be joined by chemical reactions, using chemical agents between the joints of the tiles (3) and increasing the temperature and pressure.
  • an important consideration may involve equating the refractive indices of the tiles (3), resulting in an improvement in transparency of the external layer (1) is obtained.
  • the shape of the tiles (3) can vary, taking into account the facilities that are available for their manufacture.
  • Tiles (3) may be any geometric shape, for instance, they may be triangular prisms, hexagonal prisms, trapezoidal prisms, pentagonal prisms, parallelepipeds, pyramids (e.g. square, triangular, and trapezoidal) or equivalent geometric shapes known to a person of ordinary skill in the art or combinations of the above.
  • the external layer (1) comprises an array of tiles (3) that are oblique parallelepipeds or rhombohedral, in which it has two sloping or non-perpendicular lateral ends (6). By means of the laterals ends (6), the tiles (3) are joined between each other.
  • the inclination of the lateral ends (6) or the angle of the edges of the oblique parallelepipeds is 45° which offers the best mechanical strength.
  • the external layer (1) is formed by tiles (3) which are trapezoidal prisms.
  • the tiles (3) have an inclination in its four lateral ends (6).
  • the above in order that all the surrounding tiles (3) increase the mechanical strength of the joint, this strengthens the total ballistic resistance of the transparent armored laminate since all tiles (3) will have at least three sides secured.
  • the inclination of the lateral ends (6) of the trapezoidal prism is 45 °.
  • the tiles (3) are made of a hard material that can be glass, glass ceramic or transparent ceramics.
  • Transparent ceramics refers to any inorganic material that is transparent and has a crystalline structure, either polycrystalline (Spinel, YAG, Alon for example) or monocrystalline (Sapphire).
  • tile configurations can describe practically any plan form, curved and/or curvilinear and/or rectilinear, for instance, triangle, non-rectangular quadrilateral (e.g., trapezoid or parallelogram), or any combination thereof.
  • the transparent armored laminate will select the size and dimensions of the tiles (3) of the external layer (1) depending on the ballistic application and strength for which it is designed.
  • the thickness of the array of tiles (3) may be greater than or equal to 2 mm.
  • the external layer (1) may have different layers attached, said layers increasing the thickness of the transparent armored laminate and hence its ballistic resistance.
  • the transparent armored laminate has a backing layer (2) adhered to the inner face (11) of the external layer (1).
  • the role of the backing layer (2) is to absorb the remaining energy of the projectile by plastic deformation (deformation) after impact on the external layer (1), as well as to prevent fragments and shrapnel from penetrating into the bullet-resistant transparent armored laminate .
  • the backing layer (2) which may be composed of glass fiber, aramid, or a reinforced polyethylene fiber laminate with a polyester, vinylester, epoxy, phenolic or other resin matrix component, and is produced in a manner typical of laminate construction.
  • the types of adhesives (7) used to adhere the external layer (1) to the backing layer (2) or other layers may be polymeric adhesives.
  • the adhesives (7) may also be formed into a layered form between the different layers constituting the transparent armored laminate. The selection of the adhesives (7) will depend on the strength required for the armored configuration. Preferably transparent adhesives are selected so as not to affect the visibility of the transparent armored laminate.
  • the adhesives polymers that may be used are EVA (ethylene -vinyl acetate), polyester, polyethylene, Surlyn® (DuPont's Sentry Glass Plus) and any other ionomer modification of said polymers.
  • the adhesives (7) comprises one or a combination of various adhesives. In most cases the adhesive (7) used is Thermoplastic Polyurethane but other adhesives mentioned above may be used, as well as commercial sealants, such as silicones for mounting glass.
  • the transparent armored laminate has a protective layer (10) of a strong material which is adhered to the outer surface (12) of the external layer (1).
  • the protective layer (10) may be only a few mm thick.
  • the protective layer (10) is used to ensure that no mechanical (i.e., dust, rock, debris) or chemical attack (i.e., water, cleaning product, salt water) would induce or promote the activation of crack failure (e.g., at high speed impact) and cause the tile arrangements (3) to crack prior to a non-ballistic attack, reducing the lifetime of the transparent armored laminate.
  • the intermediate layers (9) may be made generally of hard materials such as glass (soda-lime, aluminosilicate or borosilicate) or glass-ceramic.
  • the external layer (1) and the intermediate layers (9) also have the function of a highly elastic body which absorbs the residual energy of the projectile.
  • the intermediate layers (9) are joined together with polymeric adhesives (7).
  • the transparent armored laminate comprises two intermediate layers (9) made of glass, however, it should be noted that the intermediate layer may be composed of any number of intermediate layers, i.e., the intermediate layers may vary from 0 to 20.
  • the external layer (1) can be composed of two tiles (3a, 3b) of different materials with different strength. This has the purpose of increasing the strength in areas of the system where a higher strength is required and decrease it in other areas where do not need so much resistance. For example, in the case of automotive glass, the edges usually require more strength to impacts. Accordingly, the manufacturing costs are reduced since one can have a transparent armored laminate with different material strengths according to the needs.
  • a necessary amount of layers (1) of tiles (3) can be added, thereby increasing the strength of the transparent armored laminate.
  • the tiles (3) of external layers (1) might be of different materials and different sizes.
  • the ceramic shielding system comprises three external layers (la, lb, lc) of tiles (3), wherein each layer (la, lb, lc) has an outer surface facing outwardly of a protected space and an inner face that faces into the protected space.
  • each tile (3) has an upper base (4), a lower base (5) and non-perpendicular lateral ends (6).
  • the tiles (3) are joined by means of at least two lateral ends (6) to form the layers (1).
  • Increasing the number of layers of tiles (3) will increase the strength of the transparent armored laminate.
  • two intermediate glass layers (9) are located between external layers (la, lb, lc).
  • the outer layer (la) has adhered to the inner surface of the protective layer (10) of aramid fiber and the inner layer (lc) has adhered to the outer surface of the backing layer (2) of a polycarbonate material.
  • the three layers (la, lb, lc) are configured to prevent the lateral ends (6) from coinciding from one layer with the other contiguous layer.
  • the above in order that in the case the projectile crosses the layer (la), it meets the central zone of the corresponding tile (3) of the layer (lb).
  • This increases the strength of the transparent armored laminate by strengthening the weaker areas of the outer layers.
  • Additional embodiments of the present invention include a layer of glass materials which have a lower elastic modulus and allow greater detection. Since ordinary glasses (e.g., silicate glasses) are considerably weaker than sintered ceramics, the glass materials used in the present invention may be strengthened by processes such as thermal or chemical tempering (e.g., ion exchange strengthening).
  • Treated glass shows improved resistance to strength degradation from surface damage, and often exceeds the strength of most commonly available ceramics. Use of such treated glass in composite armor can thus delay fracture propagation processes and fracturing on the backside.
  • the transparent armored laminate design is of 300*300* 82.41 mm 3 which comprises an external layer (1) made of a soda-lime glass having a thickness 12 mm, and six intermediate layers (9) made of soda-lime glass, each intermediate layer (9) having a thickness of 10 mm.
  • the laminate comprises a backing layer (2) made of a polycarbonate material, which has a thickness of 6 mm. All the external layer (1), intermediate layers (9) and backing layer (2) are bonded together by 0.63 mm thick polyurethane interlayers adhesives (7).
  • the thickness of the transparent armored laminate is 82.41 mm.
  • the transparent armored laminate complies STANAG 4569 L3 standard for KE ammunitions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un stratifié blindé transparent comprenant une pluralité de tuiles placées côte à côte pour former une couche de tuiles blindées ayant une surface extérieure faisant face à l'extérieur d'un espace protégé et une surface intérieure faisant face à l'intérieur de l'espace protégé. Chaque tuile est formée par une base supérieure, une base inférieure et des extrémités latérales non perpendiculaires. Le réseau de tuiles est conçu de différentes manières, par exemple, joint au moyen d'au moins deux extrémités latérales pour former la couche extérieure.
PCT/IB2018/057590 2017-09-29 2018-09-29 Stratifié blindé transparent constitué de tuiles avec des articulations non perpendiculaires WO2019064277A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201762566176P 2017-09-29 2017-09-29
US62/566,176 2017-09-29

Publications (1)

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WO2019064277A1 true WO2019064277A1 (fr) 2019-04-04

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021049948A1 (fr) * 2019-09-11 2021-03-18 Missingen Services As Panneau antibalistique conçu pour une inspection optique et procédé associé

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR866233A (fr) * 1940-03-13 1941-07-15 Paroi transparente armée, particulièrement applicable aux blindages
JPH09329399A (ja) * 1996-06-11 1997-12-22 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 視察窓
US6009789A (en) 1997-05-01 2000-01-04 Simula Inc. Ceramic tile armor with enhanced joint and edge protection
WO2008140480A1 (fr) * 2006-11-30 2008-11-20 Corning Incorporated Armure transparente anti-fissure
WO2009061539A2 (fr) * 2007-08-15 2009-05-14 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Systèmes de protection à couches synergiques multiples et procédés de production desdites couches
US20090320675A1 (en) 2007-04-23 2009-12-31 Landingham Richard L Mosaic Transparent Armor
US7681485B2 (en) 2006-11-16 2010-03-23 American Development Group International, Llc Transparent ballistic resistant armor
US7997181B1 (en) * 2007-12-10 2011-08-16 Hardwire, Llc Hard component layer for ballistic armor panels

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR866233A (fr) * 1940-03-13 1941-07-15 Paroi transparente armée, particulièrement applicable aux blindages
JPH09329399A (ja) * 1996-06-11 1997-12-22 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 視察窓
US6009789A (en) 1997-05-01 2000-01-04 Simula Inc. Ceramic tile armor with enhanced joint and edge protection
US6332390B1 (en) 1997-05-01 2001-12-25 Simula, Inc. Ceramic tile armor with enhanced joint and edge protection
US7681485B2 (en) 2006-11-16 2010-03-23 American Development Group International, Llc Transparent ballistic resistant armor
WO2008140480A1 (fr) * 2006-11-30 2008-11-20 Corning Incorporated Armure transparente anti-fissure
US20090320675A1 (en) 2007-04-23 2009-12-31 Landingham Richard L Mosaic Transparent Armor
WO2009061539A2 (fr) * 2007-08-15 2009-05-14 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Systèmes de protection à couches synergiques multiples et procédés de production desdites couches
US7997181B1 (en) * 2007-12-10 2011-08-16 Hardwire, Llc Hard component layer for ballistic armor panels

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021049948A1 (fr) * 2019-09-11 2021-03-18 Missingen Services As Panneau antibalistique conçu pour une inspection optique et procédé associé
US11248877B2 (en) 2019-09-11 2022-02-15 Missingen Services As Antiballistic panel arranged for optical inspection and method thereof
JP2022541671A (ja) * 2019-09-11 2022-09-26 ブッシュ プロテクティブ ジャーマニー ゲーエムベーハー ウンド コー． カーゲー 光学検査用の防弾パネルとその製造方法
JP7183480B2 (ja) 2019-09-11 2022-12-05 ブッシュ プロテクティブ ジャーマニー ゲーエムベーハー ウンド コー． カーゲー 光学検査用の防弾パネルとその製造方法
AU2020345574B2 (en) * 2019-09-11 2023-07-13 Busch PROtective Germany GmbH & Co. KG Antiballistic panel arranged for optical inspection and method thereof

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