WO2019062535A1 - 比特到符号的映射方法和通信装置 - Google Patents

比特到符号的映射方法和通信装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019062535A1
WO2019062535A1 PCT/CN2018/104926 CN2018104926W WO2019062535A1 WO 2019062535 A1 WO2019062535 A1 WO 2019062535A1 CN 2018104926 W CN2018104926 W CN 2018104926W WO 2019062535 A1 WO2019062535 A1 WO 2019062535A1
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Prior art keywords
constellation
symbol
information bit
subchannel
bit sequence
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PCT/CN2018/104926
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
叶能
冯东博
李祥明
刘文佳
侯晓林
牟勤
刘柳
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株式会社Ntt都科摩
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Priority to US16/650,839 priority Critical patent/US11050602B2/en
Priority to CN201880063484.0A priority patent/CN111164942B/zh
Publication of WO2019062535A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019062535A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/3405—Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power
    • H04L27/3416—Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power in which the information is carried by both the individual signal points and the subset to which the individual points belong, e.g. using coset coding, lattice coding, or related schemes
    • H04L27/3427—Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power in which the information is carried by both the individual signal points and the subset to which the individual points belong, e.g. using coset coding, lattice coding, or related schemes in which the constellation is the n - fold Cartesian product of a single underlying two-dimensional constellation
    • H04L27/3433—Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power in which the information is carried by both the individual signal points and the subset to which the individual points belong, e.g. using coset coding, lattice coding, or related schemes in which the constellation is the n - fold Cartesian product of a single underlying two-dimensional constellation using an underlying square constellation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
    • H04L27/20—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
    • H04L27/20—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • H04L27/2003—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for continuous phase modulation
    • H04L27/2021—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for continuous phase modulation in which the phase change per symbol period is not constrained
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/36—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular to a bit-to-symbol mapping method and communication device.
  • bit-to-symbol mapping is performed by a constellation, and an input bit sequence carrying information is mapped into symbols suitable for transmission, wherein each point in the constellation corresponds to a value of the output symbol.
  • bit-to-symbol mapping is typically performed using separate constellations such as BPSK or QPSK.
  • BPSK Binary Phase-shift Key
  • an unauthorized data transmission method has been proposed. Unlike a communication system that performs data transmission based on authorization, in a communication system based on data transmission without authorization, when data transmission is performed, the number of UEs is uncertain. Therefore, the mapping method of a communication system for data transmission based on authorization is not applicable to a communication system based on data transfer without authorization.
  • a bit-to-symbol mapping method comprising: obtaining a plurality of base constellations; and mapping the input bit sequences using the plurality of base constellations to generate symbols to be transmitted.
  • a bit-to-symbol mapping method wherein a symbol comprises a plurality of subchannels, the method comprising: determining a priority of data in an input bit sequence, and using a constellation, according to the determined The priority and the reliability of each subchannel map the input bit sequence to generate the symbol to be transmitted.
  • a communication apparatus comprising: an acquisition unit configured to obtain a plurality of base constellations; a mapping unit configured to map an input bit sequence using the plurality of base constellations to Generate symbols to be transmitted.
  • a communication apparatus comprising: a determining unit configured to determine a priority of data in an input bit sequence; and a mapping unit configured to use a constellation map according to the determined priority and one The reliability of each subchannel included in the symbol maps the input bit sequence to generate a symbol to be transmitted.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a bit-to-symbol mapping method in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing a method of mapping an input bit sequence using a plurality of base constellations, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a method of mapping an input bit sequence using a plurality of base constellations, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an initial constellation point generated according to BPSK adjusted by an adjustment factor superimposed on an initial constellation point generated according to QPSK, according to an example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing a bit-to-symbol mapping method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a constellation diagram obtained after deleting a subchannel in a constellation diagram of 16QAM according to an example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a communication device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a communication device in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a method of transmitting uplink control information and a mobile station according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same elements.
  • the embodiments described herein are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
  • the UEs described herein may include various types of user terminals, such as mobile terminals (or mobile stations) or fixed terminals, however, for convenience, the UE and the mobile station may sometimes be used interchangeably.
  • the bit-to-symbol mapping method and communication apparatus can be used in various data transmission methods. Preferably, it can be used for an unauthorized data transmission method. For example, it can be used for unlicensed uplink data transmission.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a bit-to-symbol mapping method 100 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a plurality of subchannels are included in one symbol, and the plurality of subchannels include the same or different number of bits.
  • one symbol may include 3 subchannels, and each subchannel may include one bit.
  • a symbol can include 2 subchannels, where one subchannel includes one bit and the other subchannel includes two bits.
  • step S101 a plurality of base constellations are obtained.
  • the base constellation may be an initial constellation such as BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, or the like.
  • the base constellation may include adjustment factors such as power factor and/or rotation angle in addition to the initial constellation.
  • the method illustrated in FIG. 1 may further include generating a plurality of information bit groups based on the input bit sequence.
  • step S101 a base constellation corresponding to each information bit group in the plurality of information bit groups may be determined.
  • a base constellation corresponding to a plurality of information bit groups generated according to the input bit sequence may be set in advance.
  • a base constellation corresponding to each information bit group in the plurality of information bit groups may be determined according to a preset.
  • a first information bit group that can be preset to generate a plurality of information bit groups according to an input bit sequence corresponds to a BPSK constellation
  • a second information bit group in the bit sequence corresponds to a QPSK constellation.
  • a BPSK constellation may be determined for the first information bit group
  • a QPSK constellation may be determined for the second information bit group.
  • each of the plurality of constellations may be identical.
  • the first information bit group of the plurality of information bit groups generated according to the input bit sequence may be preset to correspond to the BPSK constellation
  • the second information bit group of the plurality of information bit groups generated according to the input bit sequence corresponds to the BPSK Constellation.
  • a BPSK constellation may be determined for the first bit and a BPSK constellation for the second bit may be determined according to a preset.
  • the plurality of base constellations may be candidate base constellations for one input bit sequence.
  • a base constellation for the mapping of the input bit sequence may be selected from the candidate base constellation based on a partial information bit group of the plurality of information bit groups generated based on the input bit sequence.
  • step S102 the input bit sequence is mapped using a plurality of base constellations to generate symbols to be transmitted.
  • the method illustrated in FIG. 1 may further include generating a plurality of information bit groups according to the input bit sequence.
  • the plurality of base constellations obtained in step S101 may be candidate base constellations.
  • selection may be performed on a plurality of base constellations according to partial information bit groups in the plurality of information bit groups to obtain mapped symbols according to the selected base constellation.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow diagram illustrating a method 200 of mapping an input bit sequence using a plurality of base constellations, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a target constellation map is determined in a plurality of base constellations based on a partial information bit group in a plurality of information bit groups.
  • a partial information bit group of the plurality of information bit groups may be one or more information bit groups of the plurality of information bit groups. For example, inputting the first information bit group in the bit sequence, inputting the first two information bit groups in the bit sequence, or inputting the last one or more information bit groups in the bit sequence.
  • the target constellation map may be determined in a plurality of base constellations based on bit values of partial information bit groups in the plurality of information bit groups. For example, the correspondence between the bit value and each constellation in the plurality of base constellations can be set in advance.
  • the target constellation map may be determined in the plurality of base constellations according to the specific bit values of the partial bits in the input bit sequence according to the preset correspondence.
  • the constellation corresponding to the bit value 1 may be preset as a BPSK constellation, and the constellation corresponding to the bit value 0 is a QPSK constellation.
  • a target constellation corresponding to the bit value may be determined from the plurality of base constellations according to bit values of the first information bit group in the plurality of information bit groups.
  • each base constellation and initial constellation and adjustment factors including power factor and/or rotation angle, etc., as described above. Assume that for an input bit sequence with 2 bits, it can be preset:
  • b 1 and b 2 are information bit groups in a plurality of information bit groups
  • a1 and a2 are power factors
  • ⁇ a 1 , a 2 ⁇ 1
  • ⁇ is a rotation angle
  • B () is the BPSK constellation.
  • the description is made by taking the second information bit group containing 1 bit as an example. Alternatively, more bits may be included in the information bit group.
  • one or more of the bits in the symbol can be a subchannel.
  • an independently coded complete codeword can be transmitted in each subchannel.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b can adjust the distance B 1 between constellation points corresponding to the symbol mapping obtained by the power factor by adjusting a value of 1 and a 2, so that the symbols different subchannels There are different reliabilities, ie, rate splitting is achieved between different subchannels of the symbol. Thereby, even in the case where a conflict occurs between a plurality of users, performance and capacity degradation can be avoided.
  • the reliability of the first bit is low, and the reliability of the second bit is high.
  • the power factor and rotation angle will be further described later.
  • a target constellation corresponding to the bit value may be determined from the two base constellation diagrams shown in the above formula 1 according to bit values of the second information bit group in the plurality of information bit groups.
  • step S202 the information constellation other than the partial information bit group of the plurality of information bit groups is mapped using the target constellation to generate a symbol to be transmitted, that is, to generate a symbol corresponding to the entire input bit sequence.
  • the target constellation map may be determined from the plurality of base constellation maps according to the first information bit group, and then in step S202, according to the second information bit group The corresponding symbol is determined in the target constellation as a symbol for the entire input bit sequence mapping.
  • a target constellation may be selected from a plurality of base constellations according to a partial information bit group of a plurality of information bit groups generated based on the input bit sequence to perform bit-to-symbol mapping, thereby It can make any possible capacity domain have better performance.
  • the description has been made by taking two information bit groups generated from the input bit sequence as an example in steps S201 and S202, the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • three sets of information bits can be generated from the input bit sequence, and the target constellation is selected from the plurality of base constellations based on the two information bit groups of the three information bit groups, and vice versa.
  • a plurality of base constellations may respectively correspond to generating respective information bit groups according to an input bit sequence.
  • symbols corresponding to the entire input bit sequence can be generated by superimposing initial constellation points obtained by respective bit maps.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow diagram showing a method 400 of mapping an input bit sequence using a plurality of base constellations, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • step S401 the respective bit information groups are mapped using the determined respective constellation maps to obtain initial constellation points.
  • a BPSK constellation may be determined for a first set of information bits
  • a QPSK constellation may be determined for a second set of information bits, according to a pre-set.
  • the first information bit group may be mapped using a BPSK constellation to obtain a first initial constellation point
  • the second information bit group may be mapped using a QPSK constellation to obtain a second initial constellation point.
  • step S402 the obtained initial constellation points are superimposed to generate symbols to be transmitted.
  • an initial constellation point corresponding to each of the plurality of information bit groups generated according to the input bit sequence may be obtained according to the plurality of base constellations, and the symbol to be transmitted is generated according to the initial constellation point Therefore, it is possible to have better performance in any possible capacity domain.
  • each of the initial constellation points may be adjusted by an adjustment factor in step S402, and then the adjusted initial constellation points are superimposed to generate a symbol to be transmitted.
  • the symbol to be transmitted can be generated according to the following formula 2:
  • b 1 , b 2 ... are information bit groups in a plurality of information bit groups
  • f b1 , f b2 ... are base constellations
  • f b1 , f b2 may be BPSK constellations, QPSK, etc.
  • a 1 , a 2 ... is the power factor
  • ⁇ a 1 , a 2, ... ⁇ 1
  • ⁇ is the angle of rotation.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an initial constellation point generated according to BPSK adjusted by an adjustment factor superimposed on an initial constellation point generated according to QPSK, according to an example of the present invention.
  • the initial constellation points generated according to QPSK are as shown by the four gray boxes in FIG. 5, on which the initial constellation points generated according to BPSK are superimposed and eight white squares are shown.
  • two subchannels may be included in the symbol, and one subchannel includes 2 bits, and the other subchannel includes one bit.
  • the constellation points corresponding to the mapping symbols obtained by superimposing the initial constellation points can be adjusted by adjusting the values of the power factors a 1 and a 2 .
  • the distance between them makes different subchannels in the symbol have different reliability, ie, rate splitting is achieved between different subchannels of the symbol. Thereby, even in the case where a conflict occurs between a plurality of users, performance and capacity degradation can be avoided.
  • bit-to-symbol mapping may alternatively be performed by an adjustment factor including power factor and/or rotation angle, and the like.
  • the adjustment factor can be determined based on the channel capacity required for each subchannel.
  • different reliability can be set in advance for each subchannel in the symbol.
  • Parameters such as a block error rate (BLER) may be set in advance for each subchannel in the symbol to indicate its reliability.
  • BLER block error rate
  • the corresponding system capacity is obtained according to the set reliability.
  • SINR Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio
  • SINR Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio
  • the power factor can be adjusted to meet the resulting system capacity.
  • the angle of rotation can be determined based on channel noise.
  • channel noise can be determined based on the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
  • SNR received signal-to-noise ratio
  • the angle of rotation can be determined to maximize the minimum distance between constellation points in the constellation.
  • a constellation map can be used in performing bit-to-symbol mapping.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing a bit-to-symbol mapping method 600 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a plurality of subchannels are included in one symbol, and the reliability of the plurality of subchannels is different.
  • step S601 the priority of the data in the input bit sequence is determined.
  • the priority of the data in the input bit sequence can be determined based on its importance. Data of high importance in the input bit sequence can be set to high priority, and data of low importance in the input bit sequence can be set to low.
  • step S602 using the constellation map, the input bit sequence is mapped according to the determined priority and the reliability included in each subchannel to generate a symbol to be transmitted.
  • data having a high priority in the input bit sequence may be mapped to a subchannel having high reliability in the symbol, and data having a low priority in the input bit sequence may be mapped to the symbol in step S602.
  • subchannels with low reliability are subchannels with low reliability.
  • the number of bits included in each subchannel may be different.
  • the subchannels having a large number of bits included have higher reliability for the same number of input bits, data having a high priority in the input bit sequence can be mapped into the symbols in step S602.
  • a subchannel including a larger number of bits is included, and data having a lower priority in the input bit sequence is mapped to a subchannel having a smaller number of bits included in the symbol.
  • Different sub-channels have different reliability by setting the number of bits included in the sub-channels included in the symbol, so that any possible capacity domain can have better performance, and even if there is a conflict between multiple users In this case, performance and capacity can be avoided.
  • mapping using a 16QAM constellation 4 bits can be included in one symbol.
  • the first bit in the symbol may be preset as the first subchannel, and the second to fourth bits in the symbol are the second subchannel. Since the second subchannel has more bits than the first subchannel, the second subchannel has a larger capacity than the first subchannel, thereby having higher reliability when transmitting the same amount of information. Therefore, when bit-to-symbol mapping is performed, data with a higher priority can be mapped to a second subchannel, and data with a lower priority can be mapped to the first subchannel. Each subchannel can transmit a separate codeword.
  • the method illustrated in FIG. 6 may further include generating a plurality of information bit groups based on the input bit sequence.
  • the data in the input bit sequence may be a plurality of information bit groups generated from the input bit sequence.
  • the priority of each information bit group generated according to the input bit sequence may be determined.
  • each information bit group is mapped according to the determined priority and the reliability of each subchannel to generate a symbol to be transmitted.
  • each subchannel in a symbol when setting each subchannel in one symbol, it is desirable that the set subchannel facilitates interference deletion of data transmission.
  • Each subchannel can transmit a separate codeword.
  • the partial codeword When the receiving end receives the transmitted codeword, the partial codeword may be decoded first, and the correctly decoded codeword is deleted to reduce the complexity of the interference and the receiving end when decoding the remaining codeword.
  • each subchannel in a symbol is linearly separable. Specifically, a specific one of the plurality of subchannels in one symbol has a plurality of values.
  • the pattern of the first constellation formed by the remaining subchannel obtained by deleting the specific subchannel from the symbol when the value of the specific subchannel is taken as one of the plurality of values, and when the value of the specific subchannel is The second constellation composed of the remaining subchannels obtained by deleting the specific subchannel from the symbol when the other value is taken is the same.
  • a specific one of the plurality of subchannels may be any one of the plurality of subchannels.
  • one of the multiple values of the subchannel and another value may be any value of multiple values of the subchannel.
  • constellation diagram 7 is a constellation diagram obtained after deleting a subchannel in a constellation diagram of 16QAM according to an example of the present invention.
  • the first bit in the pre-set symbol is the first subchannel
  • the second to fourth bits in the symbol are the second subchannel.
  • constellation diagram 710 is a constellation of 16QAM. It is assumed that the first subchannel is first decoded at the receiving end. When the bit value of the bit included in the first subchannel is 0, by deleting the first subchannel from the 16QAM symbol, that is, determining the first subchannel in the 16QAM symbol as the bit value of the bit it contains is “0”
  • a constellation 720 that the second subchannel may correspond to may be obtained.
  • the first subchannel in the 16QAM symbol is determined by deleting the first subchannel from the 16QAM symbol, that is, the bit value of the bit included therein is determined. "1”, a constellation diagram 730 that the second subchannel may correspond to is available. As shown in FIG. 7, the constellation diagram 720 and the constellation diagram 730 have the same style. Thereby, interference can be reduced and the complexity of the receiving end can be reduced when decoding the remaining codewords.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a communication device 800 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication device 800 includes an acquisition unit 810 and a mapping unit 820.
  • the communication device 800 may include other components in addition to these two units, however, since these components are not related to the content of the embodiment of the present invention, illustration and description thereof are omitted herein.
  • the specific details of the operations described below performed by the communication apparatus 800 according to the embodiment of the present invention are the same as those described above with reference to FIGS. 1-5, repeated description of the same details is omitted herein to avoid redundancy.
  • a plurality of subchannels are included in one symbol, and the plurality of subchannels include the same or different number of bits.
  • one symbol may include 3 subchannels, and each subchannel may include one bit.
  • a symbol can include 2 subchannels, where one subchannel includes one bit and the other subchannel includes two bits.
  • the acquisition unit 810 can obtain a plurality of base constellations.
  • the base constellation may be an initial constellation such as BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, or the like.
  • the base constellation may include adjustment factors such as power factor and/or rotation angle in addition to the initial constellation.
  • the communication device 800 may further include an encoding unit (not shown).
  • the coding unit may generate a plurality of information bit groups according to the input bit sequence.
  • the acquisition unit 810 may determine a base constellation corresponding to each of the plurality of information bit groups.
  • a base constellation corresponding to a plurality of information bit groups generated according to the input bit sequence may be set in advance.
  • the obtaining unit 810 may determine a base constellation corresponding to each information bit group in the plurality of information bit groups according to a preset. For example, a first information bit group in which a plurality of information bit groups generated according to an input bit sequence can be previously set corresponds to a BPSK constellation, and a second information bit group in the bit sequence corresponds to a QPSK constellation. Accordingly, the acquisition unit 810 can determine a BPSK constellation for the first set of information bits and a QPSK constellation for the second set of information bits. Furthermore, each of the plurality of constellations may be identical.
  • the first information bit group of the plurality of information bit groups generated according to the input bit sequence may be preset to correspond to the BPSK constellation
  • the second information bit group of the plurality of information bit groups generated according to the input bit sequence corresponds to the BPSK Constellation.
  • the obtaining unit 810 may determine a BPSK constellation for the first bit and a BPSK constellation for the second bit according to a preset.
  • the plurality of base constellations may be candidate base constellations for one input bit sequence.
  • a base constellation for the mapping of the input bit sequence may be selected from the candidate base constellation based on a partial information bit group of the plurality of information bit groups generated based on the input bit sequence.
  • Mapping unit 820 can then map the input bit sequence using a plurality of base constellations to generate symbols to be transmitted.
  • the method illustrated in FIG. 1 may further include generating a plurality of information bit groups according to the input bit sequence.
  • the plurality of base constellations available to the acquisition unit 810 can be candidate base constellations.
  • the mapping unit 820 can select a plurality of base constellations according to the partial information bit groups in the plurality of information bit groups to obtain the mapped symbols according to the selected base constellation.
  • the mapping unit 820 may determine the target constellation in the plurality of base constellations according to the partial information bit groups in the plurality of information bit groups.
  • a partial information bit group of the plurality of information bit groups may be one or more information bit groups of the plurality of information bit groups. For example, inputting the first information bit group in the bit sequence, inputting the first two information bit groups in the bit sequence, or inputting the last one or more information bit groups in the bit sequence.
  • the target constellation map may be determined in a plurality of base constellations based on bit values of partial information bit groups in the plurality of information bit groups. For example, the correspondence between the bit value and each constellation in the plurality of base constellations can be set in advance.
  • the mapping unit 820 may determine the target constellation in the plurality of base constellations according to the specific bit values of the partial bits in the input bit sequence according to the preset correspondence.
  • the constellation corresponding to the bit value 1 may be preset as a BPSK constellation, and the constellation corresponding to the bit value 0 is a QPSK constellation.
  • the mapping unit 820 may determine a target constellation corresponding to the bit value from the plurality of base constellations according to bit values of the first information bit group in the plurality of information bit groups.
  • each base constellation and initial constellation and adjustment factors including power factor and/or rotation angle, etc., as described above.
  • the above has been described in detail in conjunction with Equation 1 and FIG. 3, and therefore will not be described again.
  • mapping unit 820 may map other information bit groups of the plurality of information bit groups except the partial information bit group using the target constellation to generate symbols to be transmitted, that is, generate symbols corresponding to the entire input bit sequence. For example, assuming that two information bit groups are generated according to an input bit sequence, mapping unit 820 can determine a target constellation from a plurality of base constellations according to the first information bit group, and then mapping unit 820 can be in the target constellation according to the second information bit group. The corresponding symbols are determined in the figure as symbols for the entire input bit sequence mapping.
  • the target constellation may be selected from the plurality of base constellations according to the partial information bit groups in the plurality of information bit groups generated based on the input bit sequence to perform bit-to-symbol mapping, thereby making it possible to The resulting capacity domain has better performance.
  • a plurality of base constellations may respectively correspond to generating respective information bit groups according to an input bit sequence.
  • the mapping unit 820 can generate a symbol corresponding to the entire input bit sequence by superimposing the initial constellation points obtained by the respective bit maps.
  • the mapping unit 820 can map the corresponding bit information group to obtain an initial constellation point using the determined respective constellation diagrams. For example, a BPSK constellation may be determined for a first set of information bits, and a QPSK constellation may be determined for a second set of information bits, according to a pre-set. Mapping unit 820 maps the first set of information bits using a BPSK constellation to obtain a first initial constellation point, and may map the second set of information bits using a QPSK constellation to obtain a second initial constellation point.
  • Mapping unit 820 can then overlay the obtained initial constellation points to generate symbols to be transmitted.
  • an initial constellation point corresponding to each information bit group in the plurality of information bit groups generated according to the input bit sequence may be obtained according to the plurality of base constellation figures, and the symbol to be transmitted is generated according to the initial constellation point, thereby making There is better performance in any possible capacity domain.
  • mapping unit 820 may adjust each of the initial constellation points by an adjustment factor and then superimpose the adjusted initial constellation points to generate symbols to be transmitted.
  • the distance between the constellation points corresponding to the mapping symbols obtained by superimposing the initial constellation points can be adjusted by adjusting the values of the adjustment factors such as the power factors a 1 and a 2 and/or the rotation angle, so that different children in the symbols are made.
  • the channels have different reliabilities, ie, rate splitting is achieved between different subchannels of the symbol. Thereby, even in the case where a conflict occurs between a plurality of users, performance and capacity degradation can be avoided.
  • the adjustment factor can be determined based on the channel capacity required for each subchannel.
  • different reliability can be set in advance for each subchannel in the symbol.
  • Parameters such as a block error rate (BLER) may be set in advance for each subchannel in the symbol to indicate its reliability.
  • BLER block error rate
  • the corresponding system capacity is obtained according to the set reliability.
  • SINR Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio
  • SINR Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio
  • the value of the adjustable power factor is chosen to meet the resulting system capacity.
  • the angle of rotation can be determined based on channel noise.
  • channel noise can be determined based on the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
  • SNR received signal-to-noise ratio
  • the angle of rotation can be determined to maximize the minimum distance between constellation points in the constellation.
  • a constellation map can be used in performing bit-to-symbol mapping.
  • FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of a communication device 800 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication device 800 includes an acquisition unit 810 and a mapping unit 820.
  • the communication device 800 may include other components in addition to these two units, however, since these components are not related to the content of the embodiment of the present invention, the illustration and description thereof are omitted herein.
  • the specific details of the operations described below performed by the communication apparatus 800 according to the embodiment of the present invention are the same as those described above with reference to FIGS. 1-5, repeated description of the same details is omitted herein to avoid redundancy.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a communication device 900 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication device 900 includes a determining unit 910 and a mapping unit 920.
  • the communication device 900 may include other components in addition to these two units, however, since these components are not related to the content of the embodiment of the present invention, the illustration and description thereof are omitted herein. Further, since the specific details of the operations described below by the communication apparatus 900 according to the embodiment of the present invention are the same as those described above with reference to FIGS. 6-7, the repeated description of the same details is omitted herein to avoid repetition.
  • a plurality of subchannels are included in one symbol, and the reliability of the plurality of subchannels is different.
  • the determining unit 910 determines the priority of the data in the input bit sequence.
  • the priority of the data in the input bit sequence can be determined based on its importance. Data of high importance in the input bit sequence can be set to high priority, and data of low importance in the input bit sequence can be set to low.
  • mapping unit 920 uses the constellation map to map the input bit sequence based on the determined priority and the reliability of each subchannel to generate the symbol to be transmitted.
  • mapping unit 920 may map data having a high priority in an input bit sequence to a subchannel having high reliability in a symbol, and mapping data having a low priority in the input bit sequence into a symbol Subchannel with low reliability.
  • the number of bits included in each subchannel may be different.
  • the mapping unit 920 can map the data having the high priority among the input bit sequences into the symbols, including A subchannel having a larger number of bits, and a data having a lower priority in the input bit sequence is mapped to a subchannel having a smaller number of bits included in the symbol.
  • Different subchannels have different reliability by setting the number of bits included in the subchannels included in the symbol, so that any possible capacity domain can have better performance, and even if there is a conflict between multiple users In this case, performance and capacity can be avoided.
  • mapping using a 16QAM constellation 4 bits can be included in one symbol.
  • the first bit in the symbol may be preset as the first subchannel, and the second to fourth bits in the symbol are the second subchannel. Since the second subchannel has more bits than the first subchannel, the second subchannel has a larger capacity than the first subchannel, and thus has higher reliability when transmitting the same amount of information. Therefore, when bit-to-symbol mapping is performed, data with a higher priority can be mapped to a second subchannel, and data with a lower priority can be mapped to the first subchannel. Each subchannel can transmit a separate codeword.
  • the communication device illustrated in FIG. 9 may further include an encoding unit (not shown).
  • the coding unit may generate a plurality of information bit groups according to the input bit sequence.
  • the data in the input bit sequence may be a plurality of information bit groups generated from the input bit sequence.
  • the determining unit 910 may determine a priority according to each information bit group generated in the input bit sequence.
  • the mapping unit 920 maps each information bit group according to the determined priority and the reliability of each subchannel using a constellation map to generate a symbol to be transmitted.
  • each subchannel in a symbol when setting each subchannel in one symbol, it is desirable that the set subchannel facilitates interference deletion of data transmission.
  • Each subchannel can transmit a separate codeword.
  • the partial codeword When the receiving end receives the transmitted codeword, the partial codeword may be decoded first, and the correctly decoded codeword is deleted to reduce the complexity of the interference and the receiving end when decoding the remaining codeword.
  • each subchannel in a symbol is linearly separable. Specifically, a specific one of the plurality of subchannels in one symbol has a plurality of values.
  • the pattern of the first constellation formed by the remaining subchannel obtained by deleting the specific subchannel from the symbol when the value of the specific subchannel is taken as one of the plurality of values, and when the value of the specific subchannel is The second constellation composed of the remaining subchannels obtained by deleting the specific subchannel from the symbol when the other value is taken is the same.
  • a specific one of the plurality of subchannels may be any one of the plurality of subchannels.
  • one of the multiple values of the subchannel and another value may be any value of multiple values of the subchannel.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Any of the above-described communication devices 800 and 900 may be configured as a computer device that physically includes a processor 1010, a memory 1020, a memory 1030, a communication device 1040, an input device 1050, an output device 1060, a bus 1070, and the like.
  • the hardware structure of the mobile station 1000 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figures, or may not include some of the devices.
  • processor 1010 is only illustrated as one, but may be multiple processors.
  • the processing may be performed by one processor, or may be performed by one or more processors simultaneously, sequentially, or by other methods.
  • the processor 1010 can be installed by more than one chip.
  • Each function in the mobile station 1000 is realized, for example, by reading predetermined software (program) into hardware such as the processor 1010 and the memory 1020, thereby causing the processor 1010 to perform calculations and communication with the communication device 1040. Control is performed and control of reading and/or writing of data in the memory 1020 and the memory 1030 is performed.
  • predetermined software program
  • control is performed and control of reading and/or writing of data in the memory 1020 and the memory 1030 is performed.
  • the processor 1010 causes the operating system to operate to control the entire computer.
  • the processor 1010 may be configured by a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with a peripheral device, a control device, an arithmetic device, a register, and the like.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the foregoing obtaining unit 810, mapping unit 820, determining unit 910, mapping unit 920, encoding unit, and the like may be implemented by the processor 1010.
  • the processor 1010 reads out programs (program codes), software modules, data, and the like from the memory 1030 and/or the communication device 1040 to the memory 1020, and executes various processes in accordance therewith.
  • programs program codes
  • software modules software modules
  • data data, and the like
  • the program a program for causing a computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiments can be employed.
  • the memory 1020 is a computer readable recording medium, and may be, for example, a read only memory (ROM), an EEPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), an electrically programmable read only memory (EEPROM), or an electrically programmable read only memory (EEPROM). At least one of a random access memory (RAM) and other suitable storage medium is used.
  • the memory 1020 may also be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory (primary storage device), or the like.
  • the memory 1020 can store an executable program (program code), a software module, and the like for implementing the wireless communication method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the memory 1030 is a computer readable recording medium, and may be, for example, a flexible disk, a soft (registered trademark) disk (floppy disk), a magneto-optical disk (for example, a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), etc.). Digital Versatile Disc, Blu-ray (registered trademark) disc, removable disk, hard drive, smart card, flash device (eg card, stick, key driver), magnetic stripe, database At least one of a server, a server, and other suitable storage medium. Memory 1030 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.
  • the communication device 1040 is hardware (transmission and reception device) for performing communication between computers through a wired and/or wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, and the like, for example.
  • the communication device 1040 may include a high frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc., in order to implement, for example, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and/or Time Division Duplex (TDD).
  • FDD Frequency Division Duplex
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • the above-described transmitting unit 710, receiving unit 810, and the like can be implemented by the communication device 1040.
  • the input device 1050 is an input device (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside.
  • the output device 1060 is an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that performs an output to the outside.
  • the input device 1050 and the output device 1060 may also be an integrated structure (for example, a touch panel).
  • each device such as the processor 1010, the memory 1020, and the like are connected by a bus 1070 for communicating information.
  • the bus 1070 may be composed of a single bus or a different bus between devices.
  • the mobile station 1000 may include a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD, Programmable Logic Device), and field programmable.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • processor 1010 can be installed by at least one of these hardware.
  • the channel and/or symbol can also be a signal (signaling).
  • the signal can also be a message.
  • the reference signal may also be simply referred to as an RS (Reference Signal), and may also be referred to as a pilot (Pilot), a pilot signal, or the like according to applicable standards.
  • a component carrier may also be referred to as a cell, a frequency carrier, a carrier frequency, or the like.
  • the radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain.
  • Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting the radio frame may also be referred to as a subframe.
  • a subframe may be composed of one or more time slots in the time domain.
  • the subframe may be a fixed length of time (eg, 1 ms) that is independent of the numerology.
  • the time slot may have one or more symbols in the time domain (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) Symbols, etc.).
  • the time slot can also be a time unit based on parameter configuration.
  • the time slot may also include a plurality of minislots. Each minislot may be composed of one or more symbols in the time domain.
  • a minislot can also be referred to as a subslot.
  • Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-slots, and symbols all represent time units when signals are transmitted. Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-slots, and symbols can also use other names that correspond to each other.
  • one subframe may be referred to as a Transmission Time Interval (TTI), and a plurality of consecutive subframes may also be referred to as a TTI.
  • TTI Transmission Time Interval
  • One slot or one minislot may also be referred to as a TTI. That is to say, the subframe and/or the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in the existing LTE, or may be a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1 to 13 symbols), or may be a period longer than 1 ms.
  • a unit indicating a TTI may also be referred to as a slot, a minislot, or the like instead of a subframe.
  • TTI refers to, for example, a minimum time unit scheduled in wireless communication.
  • the radio base station performs scheduling for all user terminals to allocate radio resources (bandwidth, transmission power, etc. usable in each user terminal) in units of TTIs.
  • the definition of TTI is not limited to this.
  • the TTI may be a channel-coded data packet (transport block), a code block, and/or a codeword transmission time unit, or may be a processing unit such as scheduling, link adaptation, or the like.
  • the time interval e.g., the number of symbols
  • actually mapped to the transport block, code block, and/or codeword may also be shorter than the TTI.
  • TTI time slot or one mini time slot
  • more than one TTI ie, more than one time slot or more than one micro time slot
  • the number of slots (the number of microslots) constituting the minimum time unit of the scheduling can be controlled.
  • a TTI having a length of 1 ms may also be referred to as a regular TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), a standard TTI, a long TTI, a regular subframe, a standard subframe, or a long subframe.
  • TTI shorter than a conventional TTI may also be referred to as a compressed TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (partial or fractional TTI), a compressed subframe, a short subframe, a minislot, or a subslot.
  • a long TTI (eg, a regular TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be replaced with a TTI having a time length exceeding 1 ms
  • a short TTI eg, a compressed TTI, etc.
  • TTI length of the TTI may be replaced with 1 ms.
  • a resource block is a resource allocation unit of a time domain and a frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers (subcarriers) in the frequency domain.
  • the RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain, and may also be one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI.
  • a TTI and a subframe may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.
  • one or more RBs may also be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB, Physical RB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG, a resource element group), a PRG pair, an RB pair, and the like. .
  • the resource block may also be composed of one or more resource elements (REs, Resource Elements).
  • REs resource elements
  • Resource Elements For example, one RE can be a subcarrier and a symbol of a radio resource area.
  • radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-slots, symbols, and the like are merely examples.
  • the number of subframes included in the radio frame, the number of slots of each subframe or radio frame, the number of microslots included in the slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in the slot or minislot, and the number of RBs included in the RB The number of subcarriers, the number of symbols in the TTI, the symbol length, and the length of the cyclic prefix (CP, Cyclic Prefix) can be variously changed.
  • the information, parameters, and the like described in the present specification may be expressed by absolute values, may be represented by relative values with predetermined values, or may be represented by other corresponding information.
  • wireless resources can be indicated by a specified index.
  • the formula or the like using these parameters may be different from those explicitly disclosed in the present specification.
  • the information, signals, and the like described in this specification can be expressed using any of a variety of different techniques.
  • data, commands, instructions, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. which may be mentioned in all of the above description, may pass voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any of them. Combined to represent.
  • information, signals, and the like may be output from the upper layer to the lower layer, and/or from the lower layer to the upper layer.
  • Information, signals, etc. can be input or output via a plurality of network nodes.
  • Information or signals input or output can be stored in a specific place (such as memory) or managed by a management table. Information or signals input or output may be overwritten, updated or supplemented. The output information, signals, etc. can be deleted. The input information, signals, etc. can be sent to other devices.
  • the notification of the information is not limited to the mode/embodiment described in the specification, and may be performed by other methods.
  • the notification of the information may be through physical layer signaling (for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), and upper layer signaling (for example, radio resource control).
  • DCI Downlink Control Information
  • UCI Uplink Control Information
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • MIB Master Information Block
  • SIB System Information Block
  • MAC Media Access Control
  • the physical layer signaling may be referred to as L1/L2 (Layer 1/Layer 2) control information (L1/L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), and the like.
  • the RRC signaling may also be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, or the like.
  • the MAC signaling can be notified, for example, by a MAC Control Unit (MAC CE).
  • MAC CE MAC Control Unit
  • the notification of the predetermined information is not limited to being explicitly performed, and may be performed implicitly (for example, by not notifying the predetermined information or by notifying the other information).
  • the determination can be performed by a value (0 or 1) represented by 1 bit, or by a true or false value (boolean value) represented by true (true) or false (false), and can also be compared by numerical values ( For example, comparison with a predetermined value).
  • Software whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other names, should be interpreted broadly to mean commands, command sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, sub- Programs, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, steps, functions, and the like.
  • software, commands, information, and the like may be transmitted or received via a transmission medium.
  • a transmission medium For example, when using wired technology (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), etc.) and/or wireless technology (infrared, microwave, etc.) from a website, server, or other remote source
  • wired technology coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), etc.
  • wireless technology infrared, microwave, etc.
  • radio base station (BS, Base Station)
  • radio base station radio base station
  • eNB radio base station
  • gNB gNodeB
  • cell a cell
  • cell group a carrier
  • component carrier a fixed station
  • NodeB a NodeB
  • eNodeB eNodeB
  • access point a transmission point
  • reception point a reception point
  • femto cell a small cell
  • a wireless base station can accommodate one or more (eg, three) cells (also referred to as sectors).
  • the entire coverage area of the radio base station can be divided into a plurality of smaller areas, and each smaller area can also pass through the radio base station subsystem (for example, a small-sized wireless base station for indoor use) Head (RRH, Remote Radio Head))) to provide communication services.
  • the term "cell” or “sector” refers to a part or the whole of the coverage area of a radio base station and/or a radio base station subsystem that performs communication services in the coverage.
  • the radio base station is sometimes referred to by a fixed station, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), an access point, a transmission point, a reception point, a femto cell, a small cell, and the like.
  • Mobile stations are also sometimes used by those skilled in the art as subscriber stations, mobile units, subscriber units, wireless units, remote units, mobile devices, wireless devices, wireless communication devices, remote devices, mobile subscriber stations, access terminals, mobile terminals, wireless Terminals, remote terminals, handsets, user agents, mobile clients, clients, or several other appropriate terms are used.
  • the wireless base station in this specification can also be replaced with a user terminal.
  • each mode/embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a configuration in which communication between a radio base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between a plurality of user-to-device (D2D) devices.
  • the user terminal in this specification can also be replaced with a wireless base station.
  • a specific operation performed by the radio base station may be performed by an upper node depending on the situation.
  • various actions performed for communication with the terminal may pass through the wireless base station and one other than the wireless base station.
  • the above network node may be considered, for example, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW, etc.), but not limited thereto), or a combination thereof.
  • MME Mobility Management Entity
  • S-GW Serving-Gateway
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A Advanced Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-B Long-Term Evolution
  • LTE-Beyond Long-Term Evolution
  • Super 3rd generation mobile communication system SUPER 3G
  • IMT-Advanced advanced international mobile communication
  • 4th generation mobile communication system (4G, 4th generation mobile communication system
  • 5G 5th generation mobile communication system
  • future radio access FAA
  • new radio access technology New-RAT, Radio Access Technology
  • NR New Radio Access Technology
  • NX new radio access
  • FX Next Generation Wireless Access
  • GSM Registered trademark
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • CDMA2000 Code Division Multiple Access 2000
  • UMB Ultra Mobile Broadband
  • IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi (registered trademark)
  • IEEE 802.16 WiMAX (registered trademark)
  • IEEE 802.20 Ultra Wideband
  • any reference to a unit using the names "first”, “second”, etc., as used in this specification, does not fully limit the number or order of the units. These names can be used in this specification as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more units. Thus, reference to a first element and a second element does not mean that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must prevail in the form of the second unit.
  • determination used in the present specification sometimes includes various actions. For example, regarding “judgment (determination)", calculation, calculation, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (eg, table, database, or other) may be performed. Search in the data structure, ascertaining, etc. are considered to be “judgment (determination)”. Further, regarding “judgment (determination)”, reception (for example, receiving information), transmission (for example, transmission of information), input (input), output (output), and access (for example) may also be performed (for example, Accessing data in memory, etc. is considered to be “judgment (determination)”.
  • judgment (determination) it is also possible to consider “resolving”, “selecting”, selecting (choosing), establishing (comparing), comparing (comparing), etc. as “judging (determining)”. That is to say, regarding "judgment (determination)", several actions can be regarded as performing "judgment (determination)".
  • connection means any direct or indirect connection or combination between two or more units, This includes the case where there is one or more intermediate units between two units that are “connected” or “coupled” to each other.
  • the combination or connection between the units may be physical, logical, or a combination of the two.
  • connection can also be replaced with "access”.
  • two units may be considered to be electrically connected by using one or more wires, cables, and/or printed, and as a non-limiting and non-exhaustive example by using a radio frequency region.
  • the electromagnetic energy of the wavelength of the region, the microwave region, and/or the light is "connected” or "bonded” to each other.

Abstract

本发明的实施例提供了比特到符号的映射方法和通信装置。根据本发明一个示例的比特到符号的映射方法，包括：获得多个基星座图；使用所述多个基星座图对输入比特序列进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。

Description

比特到符号的映射方法和通信装置 技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信领域，并且具体涉及比特到符号的映射方法和通信装置。
背景技术
在通信系统中，通过星座图进行比特到码元的映射，以携带信息的输入比特序列映射成适于传输的符号，其中星座图中的每一个点对应于输出符号的一种取值。在传统的基于授权进行数据传输的通信系统中，通常采用例如BPSK或者QPSK等单独的星座图进行比特到码元的映射。在基于授权进行数据传输的通信系统中，当进行数据传输时，UE的数目是固定的。
近年来，为了减少控制信令、进一步提高通信系统的性能，提出了免授权的数据传输方式。与基于授权进行数据传输的通信系统不同，在基于免授权进行数据传输的通信系统中，当进行数据传输时，UE的数目不确定。因此，用于基于授权进行数据传输的通信系统的映射方法并不适用于基于免授权进行数据传输的通信系统。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种比特到符号的映射方法，包括：获得多个基星座图；使用所述多个基星座图对输入比特序列进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种比特到符号的映射方法，其中一个符号包括多个子信道，所述方法包括：确定输入比特序列中数据的优先级，以及使用星座图，根据所确定的优先级和各个子信道的可靠性，对输入比特序列进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括：获取单元，配置来获得多个基星座图；映射单元，配置来使用所述多个基星座图对输入比特序列进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括：确定单元，配置来确定输入比特序列中数据的优先级；以及映射单元，配置来使用星座图，根据所确定的优先级和一个符号中包括的各个子信道的可靠性，对输入比特序列进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。
附图说明
通过结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细描述，本发明的上述和其它目的、特征、优点将会变得更加清楚。
图1是示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的比特到符号的映射方法的流程图。
图2是示出了根据本发明一个实施例的，使用多个基星座图对输入比特序列进行映射的方法的流程图。
图3a是示出根据本发明的一个示例，f b2＝0的星座图。
图3b是示出根据本发明的一个示例，f b2＝1的星座图。
图4是示出了根据本发明另一实施例的，使用多个基星座图对输入比特序列进行映射的方法的流程图。
图5是示出根据本发明的一个示例，在根据QPSK生成的初始星座点上叠加通过调整因子调整的、根据BPSK生成的初始星座点的示意图。
图6是示出了根据本发明另一实施例的比特到符号的映射方法的流程图。
图7是示出了根据本发明的一个示例，在16QAM的星座图中，删除子信道后获得的星座图。
图8是示出了根据本发明一个实施例的通信装置的框图。
图9是示出了根据本发明另一实施例的通信装置的框图。
图10是示出本发明的一实施方式所涉及的通信装置的硬件结构的一例的图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图来描述根据本发明实施例发送上行控制信息的 方法和移动台。在附图中，相同的参考标号自始至终表示相同的元件。应当理解：这里描述的实施例仅仅是说明性的，而不应被解释为限制本发明的范围。此外，这里所述的UE可以包括各种类型的用户终端，例如移动终端(或称为移动台)或者固定终端，然而，为方便起见，在下文中有时候可互换地使用UE和移动台。
根据本发明的实施例的比特到符号的映射方法和通信装置可用于各种数据传输方式。优选地，可用于免授权的数据传输方式。例如，可用于免授权的上行数据传输方式。
以下，参照图1描述根据本发明一个实施例的比特到符号的映射方法。图1是示出了根据本发明一个实施例的比特到符号的映射方法100的流程图。在图1所示的示例中，可选择地，一个符号中包括多个子信道，并且所述多个子信道包括的比特数相同或不同。例如，一个符号可包括3个子信道，并且每个子信道可包括一比特。又例如，一个符号可包括2个子信道，其中，一个子信道包括一比特，另一个子信道包括两比特。如图1所示，在步骤S101中，获得多个基星座图。根据本发明的一个示例，基星座图可以是例如BPSK、QPSK、16QAM等初始星座图。可替换地，除了初始星座图以外，基星座图还可包括例如功率因子和/或旋转角度等调整因子。
根据本发明的另一示例，图1中所示的方法还可包括根据所述输入比特序列生成多个信息比特组。在此情况下，在步骤S101中，可确定对应于多个信息比特组中各个信息比特组的基星座图。
例如，可预先设置根据输入比特序列生成的多个信息比特组所对应的基星座图。在步骤S101中，可根据预先设置，确定对应于多个信息比特组中各个信息比特组的基星座图。例如，可预先设置根据一输入比特序列生成的多个信息比特组的第一信息比特组对应于BPSK星座图，比特序列中的第二信息比特组对应于QPSK星座图。相应地，在步骤S101中，可对于第一信息比特组确定BPSK星座图，对于第二信息比特组确定QPSK星座图。此外，所述多个星座图中的各个星座图可以相同。例如，可预先设置根据输入比特序列生成的多个信息比特组中的第一信息比特组对应于BPSK星座图，根据输入比特序列 生成的多个信息比特组中的第二信息比特组对应于BPSK星座图。在步骤S101中，可根据预先设置，对于第一比特确定BPSK星座图，对于第二比特也确定BPSK星座图。
此外，根据本发明的另一示例，多个基星座图可以是对于一个输入比特序列的候选基星座图。如稍后所述，可根据基于输入比特序列生成的多个信息比特组中的部分信息比特组从候选基星座图中选择用于该输入比特序列的映射的基星座图。
然后，在步骤S102中，使用多个基星座图对输入比特序列进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。
如上所述，根据本发明的一个示例，图1中所示的方法还可包括根据所述输入比特序列生成多个信息比特组。此外，在步骤S101中获得的多个基星座图可以是候选基星座图。在步骤S102中可根据多个信息比特组中的部分信息比特组在多个基星座图进行选择，以根据选择的基星座图得到映射的符号。
具体地，图2是示出了根据本发明一个实施例的，使用多个基星座图对输入比特序列进行映射的方法200的流程图。如图2所示，在步骤S201中根据多个信息比特组中的部分信息比特组，在多个基星座图中确定目标星座图。根据本发明的一个示例，多个信息比特组中的部分信息比特组可以是多个信息比特组中的一个或多个信息比特组。例如，输入比特序列中的第一个信息比特组，输入比特序列中前两个信息比特组，或者输入比特序列中的最后一个或多个信息比特组。
根据本发明的另一示例，可根据多个信息比特组中的部分信息比特组的比特值，在多个基星座图中确定目标星座图。例如，可预先设置比特值与多个基星座图中各个星座图的对应关系。在步骤S201中，可根据预先设置的对应关系来根据输入比特序列中的部分比特的具体比特值，在多个基星座图中确定目标星座图。
例如，可预先设置与比特值1对应的星座图为BPSK星座图，与比特值0对应的星座图为QPSK星座图。在步骤S201中，可根据多个信息比特组中的第一信息比特组的比特值，从多个基星座图中确定与该比特值对应的目标星座图。
又例如，如上所述每个基星座图和初始星座图和包括功率因子和/或旋转角度等的调整因子。假设，对于具有2比特的输入比特序列，可预先设置：
f b2＝0(b 1)＝a 1B(b 1)，
Figure PCTCN2018104926-appb-000001
其中b 1、b 2为多个信息比特组中的信息比特组，f b2＝0为多个信息比特组中第二信息比特组的比特值为0时所对应的基星座图，f b2＝1为多个信息比特组中第二信息比特组的比特值为1时所对应的基星座图，a1和a2为功率因子，‖a 1,a 2‖＝1，φ为旋转角度，并且B()为BPSK星座图。在公式(1)中，以第二信息比特组包含1个比特为例进行了描述。可替换地，在信息比特组中也可包含更多比特。
图3a是示出根据本发明的一个示例，f b2＝0的星座图。图3b是示出根据本发明的一个示例，f b2＝1的星座图。在图3a和图3b所示的示例中，符号中一个或多个比特可以是一个子信道。例如，在每个子信道中可传输独立编码的完整码字。如在图3a和图3b所示，可通过调整功率因子a 1和a 2的取值来调整通过b 1得到的映射符号所对应的星座点之间的距离，从而使得符号中的不同子信道具有不同的可靠性，即，在符号的不同子信道之间实现速率分割。从而，即使在多个用户之间发生冲突的情况下，也能避免性能和容量的下降。
具体地，如在图3a和图3b所示，功率因子a1<a2，因此f b2＝0的星座图中的星座点所对应的符号01和11之间的距离小于f b2＝1的星座图中的星座点所对应的符号01和10(或者00和11)之间的距离。换言之，对于具有2比特的映射符号，第一比特的可靠性低，第二比特的可靠性高。稍后将对功率因子和旋转角度进行进一步描述。
在步骤S201中，可根据多个信息比特组中第二信息比特组的比特值，从以上公式1所示的2个基星座图中确定与该比特值对应的目标星座图。
然后，在步骤S202中，使用目标星座图对多个信息比特组中除了部分信息比特组以外的其他信息比特组进行映射，以生成待传输的符号，即，生成对应于整个输入比特序列的符号。例如，假设根据输 入比特序列生成2个信息比特组，在步骤S201中，可根据第一信息比特组从多个基星座图中确定目标星座图，然后在步骤S202中，根据第二信息比特组在目标星座图中确定相应的符号作为整个输入比特序列映射的符号。
在根据图2描述的示例中，可根据基于输入比特序列生成的多个信息比特组中的部分信息比特组来从多个基星座图中选择目标星座图，以进行比特到符号的映射，从而可使得任意可能出现的容量域中都有较好的性能。应注意，虽然在步骤S201和步骤S202中以根据输入比特序列生成2个信息比特组为例进行了描述，但本发明不限于此。例如，可以根据输入比特序列生成3个信息比特组，并且根据该3个信息比特组中的2个信息比特组从多个基星座图中选择目标星座图，反之亦然。
此外如上所述，根据本发明的另一示例，多个基星座图可分别与根据输入比特序列生成各个信息比特组相对应。在此情况下，在步骤S102中，可通过叠加通过各个比特映射得到的初始星座点来生成对应于整个输入比特序列的符号。具体地，图4是示出了根据本发明另一实施例的，使用多个基星座图对输入比特序列进行映射的方法400的流程图。
如图4所示，在步骤S401中，分别使用所确定的各个星座图，对相应的比特信息组进行映射以获得初始星座点。例如，可根据预先设置，对于第一信息比特组确定BPSK星座图，对于第二信息比特组确定QPSK星座图。在步骤S401中，可使用BPSK星座图对第一信息比特组进行映射以获得第一初始星座点，并且可使用QPSK星座图对第二信息比特组进行映射以获得第二初始星座点。
然后在步骤S402中，对所获得的初始星座点进行叠加以生成待传输的符号。在根据图4描述的示例中，可根据多个基星座图获得对应于根据输入比特序列生成的多个信息比特组中各个信息比特组的初始星座点，并根据初始星座点生成待传输的符号，从而可使得任意可能出现的容量域中都有较好的性能。
根据本发明的一个示例，在步骤S402中可通过调整因子对各个 初始星座点进行调整，然后叠加调整的初始星座点以生成待传输的符号。例如，可根据以下公式2来生成待传输的符号：
Figure PCTCN2018104926-appb-000002
其中b 1、b 2……为多个信息比特组中的信息比特组，f b1、f b2……为基星座图，并且f b1、f b2可以为BPSK星座图、QPSK等，a 1、a 2……为功率因子，‖a 1,a 2，……‖＝1，φ为旋转角度。
图5是示出根据本发明的一个示例，在根据QPSK生成的初始星座点上叠加通过调整因子调整的、根据BPSK生成的初始星座点的示意图。在图5所示的示例中，根据QPSK生成的初始星座点如图5中的4个灰色方框所示，在其上叠加了根据BPSK生成的初始星座点之后得到8个白色方框所示的、可与待传输的符号对应的星座点。
此外，在图5所示的示例中，符号中可包括2个子信道，并且一个子信道包括2个比特，另一个子信道包括一个比特。与图3a和图3b所示的示例类似，在图5所示的示例中，可通过调整功率因子a 1和a 2的取值来调整通过叠加初始星座点得到的映射符号所对应的星座点之间的距离，从而使得符号中的不同子信道具有不同的可靠性，即，在符号的不同子信道之间实现速率分割。从而，即使在多个用户之间发生冲突的情况下，也能避免性能和容量的下降。
如以上结合图2-5描述的示例中所述，在根据本发明的示例中可选择地，可通过包括功率因子和/或旋转角度等的调整因子，来进行比特到码元的映射。根据本发明的一个示例，可根据各个子信道所需要的信道容量确定调整因子。
例如，可对于符号中各个子信道预先设置不同的可靠性。可对于符号中各个子信道预先设置例如块差错率(Block Error Rate,BLER)等参数以表示其可靠性。然后，根据所设置的可靠性获得相应的系统容量。例如，可根据设置的可靠性确定对应的信号干扰噪声比(SINR)，并且根据所确定SINR获得相应的码率以表示系统容量。然后，根据所获得相应的系统容量确定调整因子。
例如，可对于固定的系统噪声，可调整功率因子以满足所得到的系统容量。又例如，可根据信道噪声来确定旋转角度。例如，可根据 接收到的信号噪声比(SNR)来确定信道噪声。此外，可确定旋转角度以使得星座图中星座点之间的最小距离最大。
以上以在进行比特到码元的映射时使用多个星座图为例进行了描述。根据本发明的另一实施例，在进行比特到码元的映射时可使用一个星座图。
以下，参照图6描述根据本发明另一实施例的比特到符号的映射方法。图6是示出了根据本发明另一实施例的比特到符号的映射方法600的流程图。在图6所示的示例中，一个符号中包括多个子信道，并且所述多个子信道的可靠性不同。
如图6所示，在步骤S601中，确定输入比特序列中数据的优先级。例如，可根据输入比特序列中数据的重要性来确定其优先级。可将输入比特序列中重要性高的数据设置为高优先级，将输入比特序列中重要性低的数据设置为低。
然后，在步骤S602中，使用星座图，根据所确定的优先级和各个子信道所包括的可靠性，对输入比特序列进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。根据本发明的一个示例，在步骤S602中可将输入比特序列中具有高优先级的数据映射到符号中具有高可靠性的子信道，以及将输入比特序列中具有低优先级的数据映射到符号中具有低可靠性的子信道。
例如，各个子信道包括的比特数量可以不同。在此情况下，由于对于同样数量的输入比特，包括的比特数多的子信道具有更高的可靠性，因此，在步骤S602中可将输入比特序列中具有高优先级的数据映射到符号中包括的比特数较多的子信道，以及将输入比特序列中具有低优先级的数据映射到符号中包括的比特数较少的子信道。通过设置符号中包括的子信道所包含的比特数来使得不同子信道具有不同可靠性，从而可使得任意可能出现的容量域中都有较好的性能，并且即使在多个用户之间发生冲突的情况下，也能避免性能和容量的下降。
例如，在使用16QAM星座图进行映射的情况下，一个符号中可包括4个比特。可预先设置符号中的第一比特为第一子信道，符号中的第二至第四比特为第二子信道。由于第二子信道比第一子信道具有 的比特数多，第二子信道比第一子信道具有的更大的容量，从而在传输相同数量的信息时有更高的可靠性。因此，在进行比特到符号映射时，可将具有较高优先级的数据映射到第二子信道，并将具有较低优先级的数据映射到第一子信道。每个子信道可传输独立的编码码字。
此外，根据本发明的另一示例，图6所示的方法还可包括根据输入比特序列生成多个信息比特组。输入比特序列中数据可以是根据输入比特序列生成的多个信息比特组。具体地，根据步骤S601，可确定根据输入比特序列中生成的各个信息比特组的优先级。根据步骤S602，使用星座图，根据所确定的优先级和各个子信道的可靠性，对各个信息比特组进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。
优选地，在设置一个符号中的各个子信道时，希望所设置的子信道有利于数据传输的干扰删除。每个子信道可传输独立的码字。在接收端接收到所传输的码字时，可首先解码部分码字，并将被正确解码的码字删除，以在解码剩余码字时降低干扰和接收端的复杂度。根据本发明的一个示例，一个符号中的各个子信道是线性可分的。具体地，一个符号中的多个子信道中的特定子信道具有多个取值。当特定子信道的取值为多个取值中的一个取值时通过从符号中删除特定子信道而获得的剩余子信道构成的第一星座图的样式，与当特定子信道的取值为多个取值中的另一取值时通过从符号中删除特定子信道而获得的剩余子信道构成的第二星座图的样式相同。在此，多个子信道中的特定子信道可以是多个子信道中的任意子信道。此外，子信道的多个取值中的一个取值和另一取值可以是子信道的多个取值中的任意取值。
图7是示出了根据本发明的一个示例，在16QAM的星座图中，删除子信道后获得的星座图。在图7所示的示例中，预先设置符号中的第一比特为第一子信道，符号中的第二至第四比特为第二子信道。如图7所示，星座图710为16QAM的星座图。假设在接收端首先解码出第一子信道。当第一子信道所包含的比特的比特值为0时，通过从16QAM符号中删除第一子信道，即，将16QAM符号中的第一子信道确定为其所包含的比特的比特值“0”，可获得第二子信道可能对 应的星座图720。此外，当第一子信道所包含的比特的比特值为1时，通过从16QAM符号中删除第一子信道，即，将16QAM符号中的第一子信道确定为其所包含的比特的比特值“1”，可获得第二子信道可能对应的星座图730。如图7所示，星座图720和星座图730的样式相同。从而在解码剩余码字时可减少干扰，并降低接收端的复杂度。
下面，参照图8来描述根据本发明一个实施例的通信装置。在根据本发明的实施例中，通信装置可以是移动台、或基站等。图8是示出了根据本发明一个实施例的通信装置800的框图。如图8所示，通信装置800包括获取单元810和映射单元820。除了这两个单元以外，通信装置800还可以包括其他部件，然而，由于这些部件与本发明实施例的内容无关，因此在这里省略其图示和描述。此外，由于根据本发明实施例的通信装置800执行的下述操作的具体细节与在上文中参照图1-5描述的细节相同，因此在这里为了避免重复而省略对相同细节的重复描述。
在图8所示的示例中，可选择地，一个符号中包括多个子信道，并且所述多个子信道包括的比特数相同或不同。例如，一个符号可包括3个子信道，并且每个子信道可包括一比特。又例如，一个符号可包括2个子信道，其中，一个子信道包括一比特，另一个子信道包括两比特。
如图8所示，获取单元810可获得多个基星座图。根据本发明的一个示例，基星座图可以是例如BPSK、QPSK、16QAM等初始星座图。可替换地，除了初始星座图以外，基星座图还可包括例如功率因子和/或旋转角度等调整因子。
根据本发明的另一示例，通信装置800还可以包括编码单元(未示出)。编码单元可根据输入比特序列生成多个信息比特组。在此情况下，获取单元810可确定对应于多个信息比特组中各个信息比特组的基星座图。
例如，可预先设置根据输入比特序列生成的多个信息比特组所对应的基星座图。获取单元810可根据预先设置，确定对应于多个信息比特组中各个信息比特组的基星座图。例如，可预先设置根据一输入 比特序列生成的多个信息比特组的第一信息比特组对应于BPSK星座图，比特序列中的第二信息比特组对应于QPSK星座图。相应地，获取单元810可对于第一信息比特组确定BPSK星座图，对于第二信息比特组确定QPSK星座图。此外，所述多个星座图中的各个星座图可以相同。例如，可预先设置根据输入比特序列生成的多个信息比特组中的第一信息比特组对应于BPSK星座图，根据输入比特序列生成的多个信息比特组中的第二信息比特组对应于BPSK星座图。获取单元810可根据预先设置，对于第一比特确定BPSK星座图，对于第二比特也确定BPSK星座图。
此外，根据本发明的另一示例，多个基星座图可以是对于一个输入比特序列的候选基星座图。如稍后所述，可根据基于输入比特序列生成的多个信息比特组中的部分信息比特组从候选基星座图中选择用于该输入比特序列的映射的基星座图。
然后，映射单元820可使用多个基星座图对输入比特序列进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。
如上所述，根据本发明的一个示例，图1中所示的方法还可包括根据所述输入比特序列生成多个信息比特组。此外，获取单元810可获得的多个基星座图可以是候选基星座图。映射单元820可根据多个信息比特组中的部分信息比特组在多个基星座图进行选择，以根据选择的基星座图得到映射的符号。具体地，映射单元820可根据多个信息比特组中的部分信息比特组，在多个基星座图中确定目标星座图。根据本发明的一个示例，多个信息比特组中的部分信息比特组可以是多个信息比特组中的一个或多个信息比特组。例如，输入比特序列中的第一个信息比特组，输入比特序列中前两个信息比特组，或者输入比特序列中的最后一个或多个信息比特组。
根据本发明的另一示例，可根据多个信息比特组中的部分信息比特组的比特值，在多个基星座图中确定目标星座图。例如，可预先设置比特值与多个基星座图中各个星座图的对应关系。映射单元820可根据预先设置的对应关系来根据输入比特序列中的部分比特的具体比特值，在多个基星座图中确定目标星座图。
例如，可预先设置与比特值1对应的星座图为BPSK星座图，与比特值0对应的星座图为QPSK星座图。映射单元820可根据多个信息比特组中的第一信息比特组的比特值，从多个基星座图中确定与该比特值对应的目标星座图。
又例如，如上所述每个基星座图和初始星座图和包括功率因子和/或旋转角度等的调整因子。以上已结合公式1和图3对此进行了详细说明，故在此不再赘述。
然后，映射单元820可使用目标星座图对多个信息比特组中除了部分信息比特组以外的其他信息比特组进行映射，以生成待传输的符号，即，生成对应于整个输入比特序列的符号。例如，假设根据输入比特序列生成2个信息比特组，映射单元820可根据第一信息比特组从多个基星座图中确定目标星座图，然后映射单元820可根据第二信息比特组在目标星座图中确定相应的符号作为整个输入比特序列映射的符号。
在本示例中，可根据基于输入比特序列生成的多个信息比特组中的部分信息比特组来从多个基星座图中选择目标星座图，以进行比特到符号的映射，从而可使得任意可能出现的容量域中都有较好的性能。
此外如上所述，根据本发明的另一示例，多个基星座图可分别与根据输入比特序列生成各个信息比特组相对应。在此情况下，映射单元820可通过叠加通过各个比特映射得到的初始星座点来生成对应于整个输入比特序列的符号。
具体地，映射单元820可分别使用所确定的各个星座图，对相应的比特信息组进行映射以获得初始星座点。例如，可根据预先设置，对于第一信息比特组确定BPSK星座图，对于第二信息比特组确定QPSK星座图。映射单元820使用BPSK星座图对第一信息比特组进行映射以获得第一初始星座点，并且可使用QPSK星座图对第二信息比特组进行映射以获得第二初始星座点。
然后，映射单元820可对所获得的初始星座点进行叠加以生成待传输的符号。在本示例中，可根据多个基星座图获得对应于根据输入比特序列生成的多个信息比特组中各个信息比特组的初始星座点， 并根据初始星座点生成待传输的符号，从而可使得任意可能出现的容量域中都有较好的性能。
根据本发明的一个示例，映射单元820可通过调整因子对各个初始星座点进行调整，然后叠加调整的初始星座点以生成待传输的符号。可通过调整例如功率因子a 1和a 2和/或旋转角度等调整因子的取值来调整通过叠加初始星座点得到的映射符号所对应的星座点之间的距离，从而使得符号中的不同子信道具有不同的可靠性，即，在符号的不同子信道之间实现速率分割。从而，即使在多个用户之间发生冲突的情况下，也能避免性能和容量的下降。以上已结合公式2和图5对此进行了详细说明，故在此不再赘述。
根据本发明的一个示例，可根据各个子信道所需要的信道容量确定调整因子。
例如，可对于符号中各个子信道预先设置不同的可靠性。可对于符号中各个子信道预先设置例如块差错率(Block Error Rate,BLER)等参数以表示其可靠性。然后，根据所设置的可靠性获得相应的系统容量。例如，可根据设置的可靠性确定对应的信号干扰噪声比(SINR)，并且根据所确定SINR获得相应的码率以表示系统容量。然后，根据所获得相应的系统容量确定调整因子。
例如，对于固定的系统噪声，可调整的功率因子的取值，以满足所得到系统容量。又例如，可根据信道噪声来确定旋转角度。例如，可根据接收到的信号噪声比(SNR)来确定信道噪声。此外，可确定旋转角度以使得星座图中星座点之间的最小距离最大。
以上以在进行比特到码元的映射时使用多个星座图为例进行了描述。根据本发明的另一实施例，在进行比特到码元的映射时可使用一个星座图。
下面，参照图8来描述根据本发明一个实施例的通信装置。在根据本发明的实施例中，通信装置可以是移动台、或基站等。图8示出了根据本发明一个实施例的通信装置800的框图。如图8所示，通信装置800包括获取单元810和映射单元820。除了这两个单元以外，通信装置800还可以包括其他部件，然而，由于这些部件与本发明实 施例的内容无关，因此在这里省略其图示和描述。此外，由于根据本发明实施例的通信装置800执行的下述操作的具体细节与在上文中参照图1-5描述的细节相同，因此在这里为了避免重复而省略对相同细节的重复描述。
下面，参照图9来描述根据本发明另一实施例的通信装置。在根据本发明的实施例中，通信装置可以是移动台、或基站等。图9是示出了根据本发明另一实施例的通信装置900的框图。如图9所示，通信装置900包括确定单元910和映射单元920。除了这两个单元以外，通信装置900还可以包括其他部件，然而，由于这些部件与本发明实施例的内容无关，因此在这里省略其图示和描述。此外，由于根据本发明实施例的通信装置900执行的下述操作的具体细节与在上文中参照图6-7描述的细节相同，因此在这里为了避免重复而省略对相同细节的重复描述。
在图9所示的示例中，一个符号中包括多个子信道，并且所述多个子信道的可靠性不同。
如图9所示，确定单元910确定输入比特序列中数据的优先级。例如，可根据输入比特序列中数据的重要性来确定其优先级。可将输入比特序列中重要性高的数据设置为高优先级，将输入比特序列中重要性低的数据设置为低。
然后，映射单元920使用星座图，根据所确定的优先级和各个子信道所包括的可靠性，对输入比特序列进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。根据本发明的一个示例，映射单元920可将输入比特序列中具有高优先级的数据映射到符号中具有高可靠性的子信道，以及将输入比特序列中具有低优先级的数据映射到符号中具有低可靠性的子信道。
例如，各个子信道包括的比特数量可以不同。在此情况下，由于对于同样数量的输入比特，包括的比特数多的子信道具有更高的可性，因此，映射单元920可将输入比特序列中具有高优先级的数据映射到符号中包括的比特数较多的子信道，以及将输入比特序列中具有低优先级的数据映射到符号中包括的比特数较少的子信道。通过设置符号中包括的子信道所包含的比特数来使得不同子信道具有不同可靠性， 从而可使得任意可能出现的容量域中都有较好的性能，并且即使在多个用户之间发生冲突的情况下，也能避免性能和容量的下降。
例如，在使用16QAM星座图进行映射的情况下，一个符号中可包括4个比特。可预先设置符号中的第一比特为第一子信道，符号中的第二至第四比特为第二子信道。由于第二子信道比第一子信道具有的比特数多，第二子信道比第一子信道具有的更大的容量，从而在传输相同数量的信息时有更高的可靠性。因此，在进行比特到符号映射时，可将具有较高优先级的数据映射到第二子信道，并将具有较低优先级的数据映射到第一子信道。每个子信道可传输独立的编码码字。
此外，根据本发明的另一示例，图9所示的通信装置还可包括编码单元(未示出)。编码单元可根据输入比特序列生成多个信息比特组。输入比特序列中数据可以是根据输入比特序列生成的多个信息比特组。具体地，确定单元910可确定根据输入比特序列中生成的各个信息比特组的优先级。然后，映射单元920使用星座图，根据所确定的优先级和各个子信道的可靠性，对各个信息比特组进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。
优选地，在设置一个符号中的各个子信道时，希望所设置的子信道有利于数据传输的干扰删除。每个子信道可传输独立的码字。在接收端接收到所传输的码字时，可首先解码部分码字，并将被正确解码的码字删除，以在解码剩余码字时降低干扰和接收端的复杂度。根据本发明的一个示例，一个符号中的各个子信道是线性可分的。具体地，一个符号中的多个子信道中的特定子信道具有多个取值。当特定子信道的取值为多个取值中的一个取值时通过从符号中删除特定子信道而获得的剩余子信道构成的第一星座图的样式，与当特定子信道的取值为多个取值中的另一取值时通过从符号中删除特定子信道而获得的剩余子信道构成的第二星座图的样式相同。在此，多个子信道中的特定子信道可以是多个子信道中的任意子信道。此外，子信道的多个取值中的一个取值和另一取值可以是子信道的多个取值中的任意取值。
<硬件结构>
本发明的一实施方式中的无线基站、用户终端等可以作为执行本发明的无线通信方法的处理的计算机来发挥功能。图10是示出本发明的一实施方式所涉及的通信装置的硬件结构的一例的图。上述的通信装置800、900中的任意一个可以作为在物理上包括处理器1010、内存1020、存储器1030、通信装置1040、输入装置1050、输出装置1060、总线1070等的计算机装置来构成。
另外，在以下的说明中，“装置”这样的文字也可替换为电路、设备、单元等。移动台1000的硬件结构可以包括一个或多个图中所示的各装置，也可以不包括部分装置。
例如，处理器1010仅图示出一个，但也可以为多个处理器。此外，可以通过一个处理器来执行处理，也可以通过一个以上的处理器同时、依次、或采用其它方法来执行处理。另外，处理器1010可以通过一个以上的芯片来安装。
移动台1000中的各功能例如通过如下方式实现：通过将规定的软件(程序)读入到处理器1010、内存1020等硬件上，从而使处理器1010进行运算，对由通信装置1040进行的通信进行控制，并对内存1020和存储器1030中的数据的读出和/或写入进行控制。
处理器1010例如使操作系统进行工作从而对计算机整体进行控制。处理器1010可以由包括与周边装置的接口、控制装置、运算装置、寄存器等的中央处理器(CPU，Central Processing Unit)构成。例如，上述的获取单元810、映射单元820、确定单元910、映射单元920、编码单元等可以通过处理器1010实现。
此外，处理器1010将程序(程序代码)、软件模块、数据等从存储器1030和/或通信装置1040读出到内存1020，并根据它们执行各种处理。作为程序，可以采用使计算机执行在上述实施方式中说明的动作中的至少一部分的程序。
内存1020是计算机可读取记录介质，例如可以由只读存储器(ROM，Read Only Memory)、可编程只读存储器(EPROM，Erasable Programmable ROM)、电可编程只读存储器(EEPROM，Electrically EPROM)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、其它 适当的存储介质中的至少一个来构成。内存1020也可以称为寄存器、高速缓存、主存储器(主存储装置)等。内存1020可以保存用于实施本发明的一实施方式所涉及的无线通信方法的可执行程序(程序代码)、软件模块等。
存储器1030是计算机可读取记录介质，例如可以由软磁盘(flexible disk)、软(注册商标)盘(floppy disk)、磁光盘(例如，只读光盘(CD-ROM(Compact Disc ROM)等)、数字通用光盘、蓝光(Blu-ray，注册商标)光盘)、可移动磁盘、硬盘驱动器、智能卡、闪存设备(例如，卡、棒(stick)、密钥驱动器(key driver))、磁条、数据库、服务器、其它适当的存储介质中的至少一个来构成。存储器1030也可以称为辅助存储装置。
通信装置1040是用于通过有线和/或无线网络进行计算机间的通信的硬件(发送接收设备)，例如也称为网络设备、网络控制器、网卡、通信模块等。通信装置1040为了实现例如频分双工(FDD，Frequency Division Duplex)和/或时分双工(TDD，Time Division Duplex)，可以包括高频开关、双工器、滤波器、频率合成器等。例如，上述的发送单元710、接收单元810等可以通过通信装置1040来实现。
输入装置1050是接受来自外部的输入的输入设备(例如，键盘、鼠标、麦克风、开关、按钮、传感器等)。输出装置1060是实施向外部的输出的输出设备(例如，显示器、扬声器、发光二极管(LED，Light Emitting Diode)灯等)。另外，输入装置1050和输出装置1060也可以为一体的结构(例如触控面板)。
此外，处理器1010、内存1020等各装置通过用于对信息进行通信的总线1070连接。总线1070可以由单一的总线构成，也可以由装置间不同的总线构成。
此外，移动台1000可以包括微处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP，Digital Signal Processor)、专用集成电路(ASIC，Application Specific Integrated Circuit)、可编程逻辑器件(PLD，Programmable Logic Device)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA，Field Programmable Gate Array) 等硬件，可以通过该硬件来实现各功能块的部分或全部。例如，处理器1010可以通过这些硬件中的至少一个来安装。
(变形例)
另外，关于本说明书中说明的用语和/或对本说明书进行理解所需的用语，可以与具有相同或类似含义的用语进行互换。例如，信道和/或符号也可以为信号(信令)。此外，信号也可以为消息。参考信号也可以简称为RS(Reference Signal)，根据所适用的标准，也可以称为导频(Pilot)、导频信号等。此外，分量载波(CC，Component Carrier)也可以称为小区、频率载波、载波频率等。
此外，无线帧在时域中可以由一个或多个期间(帧)构成。构成无线帧的该一个或多个期间(帧)中的每一个也可以称为子帧。进而，子帧在时域中可以由一个或多个时隙构成。子帧可以是不依赖于参数配置(numerology)的固定的时间长度(例如1ms)。
进而，时隙在时域中可以由一个或多个符号(正交频分复用(OFDM，Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)符号、单载波频分多址(SC-FDMA，Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access)符号等)构成。此外，时隙也可以是基于参数配置的时间单元。此外，时隙还可以包括多个微时隙。各微时隙在时域中可以由一个或多个符号构成。此外，微时隙也可以称为子时隙。
无线帧、子帧、时隙、微时隙以及符号均表示传输信号时的时间单元。无线帧、子帧、时隙、微时隙以及符号也可以使用各自对应的其它名称。例如，一个子帧可以被称为传输时间间隔(TTI，Transmission Time Interval)，多个连续的子帧也可以被称为TTI，一个时隙或一个微时隙也可以被称为TTI。也就是说，子帧和/或TTI可以是现有的LTE中的子帧(1ms)，也可以是短于1ms的期间(例如1～13个符号)，还可以是长于1ms的期间。另外，表示TTI的单元也可以称为时隙、微时隙等而非子帧。
在此，TTI例如是指无线通信中调度的最小时间单元。例如，在LTE系统中，无线基站对各用户终端进行以TTI为单位分配无线资源(在各用户终端中能够使用的频带宽度、发射功率等)的调度。另外， TTI的定义不限于此。
TTI可以是经过信道编码的数据包(传输块)、码块、和/或码字的发送时间单元，也可以是调度、链路适配等的处理单元。另外，在给出TTI时，实际上与传输块、码块、和/或码字映射的时间区间(例如符号数)也可以短于该TTI。
另外，一个时隙或一个微时隙被称为TTI时，一个以上的TTI(即一个以上的时隙或一个以上的微时隙)也可以成为调度的最小时间单元。此外，构成该调度的最小时间单元的时隙数(微时隙数)可以受到控制。
具有1ms时间长度的TTI也可以称为常规TTI(LTE Rel.8-12中的TTI)、标准TTI、长TTI、常规子帧、标准子帧、或长子帧等。短于常规TTI的TTI也可以称为压缩TTI、短TTI、部分TTI(partial或fractional TTI)、压缩子帧、短子帧、微时隙、或子时隙等。
另外，长TTI(例如常规TTI、子帧等)也可以用具有超过1ms的时间长度的TTI来替换，短TTI(例如压缩TTI等)也可以用具有比长TTI的TTI长度短且1ms以上的TTI长度的TTI来替换。
资源块(RB，Resource Block)是时域和频域的资源分配单元，在频域中，可以包括一个或多个连续的副载波(子载波(subcarrier))。此外，RB在时域中可以包括一个或多个符号，也可以为一个时隙、一个微时隙、一个子帧或一个TTI的长度。一个TTI、一个子帧可以分别由一个或多个资源块构成。另外，一个或多个RB也可以称为物理资源块(PRB，Physical RB)、子载波组(SCG，Sub-Carrier Group)、资源单元组(REG，Resource Element Group)、PRG对、RB对等。
此外，资源块也可以由一个或多个资源单元(RE，Resource Element)构成。例如，一个RE可以是一个子载波和一个符号的无线资源区域。
另外，上述的无线帧、子帧、时隙、微时隙以及符号等的结构仅仅为示例。例如，无线帧中包括的子帧数、每个子帧或无线帧的时隙数、时隙内包括的微时隙数、时隙或微时隙中包括的符号和RB的数目、RB中包括的子载波数、以及TTI内的符号数、符号长度、循环 前缀(CP，Cyclic Prefix)长度等的结构可以进行各种各样的变更。
此外，本说明书中说明的信息、参数等可以用绝对值来表示，也可以用与规定值的相对值来表示，还可以用对应的其它信息来表示。例如，无线资源可以通过规定的索引来指示。进一步地，使用这些参数的公式等也可以与本说明书中明确公开的不同。
在本说明书中用于参数等的名称在任何方面都并非限定性的。例如，各种各样的信道(物理上行链路控制信道(PUCCH，Physical Uplink Control Channel)、物理下行链路控制信道(PDCCH，Physical Downlink Control Channel)等)和信息单元可以通过任何适当的名称来识别，因此为这些各种各样的信道和信息单元所分配的各种各样的名称在任何方面都并非限定性的。
本说明书中说明的信息、信号等可以使用各种各样不同技术中的任意一种来表示。例如，在上述的全部说明中可能提及的数据、命令、指令、信息、信号、比特、符号、芯片等可以通过电压、电流、电磁波、磁场或磁性粒子、光场或光子、或者它们的任意组合来表示。
此外，信息、信号等可以从上层向下层、和/或从下层向上层输出。信息、信号等可以经由多个网络节点进行输入或输出。
输入或输出的信息、信号等可以保存在特定的场所(例如内存)，也可以通过管理表进行管理。输入或输出的信息、信号等可以被覆盖、更新或补充。输出的信息、信号等可以被删除。输入的信息、信号等可以被发往其它装置。
信息的通知并不限于本说明书中说明的方式/实施方式，也可以通过其它方法进行。例如，信息的通知可以通过物理层信令(例如，下行链路控制信息(DCI，Downlink Control Information)、上行链路控制信息(UCI，Uplink Control Information))、上层信令(例如，无线资源控制(RRC，Radio Resource Control)信令、广播信息(主信息块(MIB，Master Information Block)、系统信息块(SIB，System Information Block)等)、媒体存取控制(MAC，Medium Access Control)信令)、其它信号或者它们的组合来实施。
另外，物理层信令也可以称为L1/L2(第1层/第2层)控制信息 (L1/L2控制信号)、L1控制信息(L1控制信号)等。此外，RRC信令也可以称为RRC消息，例如可以为RRC连接建立(RRC Connection Setup)消息、RRC连接重配置(RRC Connection Reconfiguration)消息等。此外，MAC信令例如可以通过MAC控制单元(MAC CE(Control Element))来通知。
此外，规定信息的通知(例如，“为X”的通知)并不限于显式地进行，也可以隐式地(例如，通过不进行该规定信息的通知，或者通过其它信息的通知)进行。
关于判定，可以通过由1比特表示的值(0或1)来进行，也可以通过由真(true)或假(false)表示的真假值(布尔值)来进行，还可以通过数值的比较(例如与规定值的比较)来进行。
软件无论被称为软件、固件、中间件、微代码、硬件描述语言，还是以其它名称来称呼，都应宽泛地解释为是指命令、命令集、代码、代码段、程序代码、程序、子程序、软件模块、应用程序、软件应用程序、软件包、例程、子例程、对象、可执行文件、执行线程、步骤、功能等。
此外，软件、命令、信息等可以经由传输介质被发送或接收。例如，当使用有线技术(同轴电缆、光缆、双绞线、数字用户线路(DSL，Digital Subscriber Line)等)和/或无线技术(红外线、微波等)从网站、服务器、或其它远程资源发送软件时，这些有线技术和/或无线技术包括在传输介质的定义内。
本说明书中使用的“系统”和“网络”这样的用语可以互换使用。
在本说明书中，“无线基站(BS，Base Station)”、“无线基站”、“eNB”、“gNB”、“小区”、“扇区”、“小区组”、“载波”以及“分量载波”这样的用语可以互换使用。无线基站有时也以固定台(fixed station)、NodeB、eNodeB(eNB)、接入点(access point)、发送点、接收点、毫微微小区、小小区等用语来称呼。
无线基站可以容纳一个或多个(例如三个)小区(也称为扇区)。当无线基站容纳多个小区时，无线基站的整个覆盖区域可以划分为多个更小的区域，每个更小的区域也可以通过无线基站子系统(例如， 室内用小型无线基站(射频拉远头(RRH，Remote Radio Head)))来提供通信服务。“小区”或“扇区”这样的用语是指在该覆盖中进行通信服务的无线基站和/或无线基站子系统的覆盖区域的一部分或整体。
在本说明书中，“移动台(MS，Mobile Station)”、“用户终端(user terminal)”、“用户装置(UE，User Equipment)”以及“终端”这样的用语可以互换使用。无线基站有时也以固定台(fixed station)、NodeB、eNodeB(eNB)、接入点(access point)、发送点、接收点、毫微微小区、小小区等用语来称呼。
移动台有时也被本领域技术人员以用户台、移动单元、用户单元、无线单元、远程单元、移动设备、无线设备、无线通信设备、远程设备、移动用户台、接入终端、移动终端、无线终端、远程终端、手持机、用户代理、移动客户端、客户端或者若干其它适当的用语来称呼。
此外，本说明书中的无线基站也可以用用户终端来替换。例如，对于将无线基站和用户终端间的通信替换为多个用户终端间(D2D，Device-to-Device)的通信的结构，也可以应用本发明的各方式/实施方式。同样，本说明书中的用户终端也可以用无线基站来替换。
在本说明书中，设为通过无线基站进行的特定动作根据情况有时也通过其上级节点(upper node)来进行。显然，在具有无线基站的由一个或多个网络节点(network nodes)构成的网络中，为了与终端间的通信而进行的各种各样的动作可以通过无线基站、除无线基站之外的一个以上的网络节点(可以考虑例如移动管理实体(MME，Mobility Management Entity)、服务网关(S-GW，Serving-Gateway)等，但不限于此)、或者它们的组合来进行。
本说明书中说明的各方式/实施方式可以单独使用，也可以组合使用，还可以在执行过程中进行切换来使用。此外，本说明书中说明的各方式/实施方式的处理步骤、序列、流程图等只要没有矛盾，就可以更换顺序。例如，关于本说明书中说明的方法，以示例性的顺序给出了各种各样的步骤单元，而并不限定于给出的特定顺序。
本说明书中说明的各方式/实施方式可以应用于利用长期演进 (LTE，Long Term Evolution)、高级长期演进(LTE-A，LTE-Advanced)、超越长期演进(LTE-B，LTE-Beyond)、超级第3代移动通信系统(SUPER 3G)、高级国际移动通信(IMT-Advanced)、第4代移动通信系统(4G，4th generation mobile communication system)、第5代移动通信系统(5G，5th generation mobile communication system)、未来无线接入(FRA，Future Radio Access)、新无线接入技术(New-RAT，Radio Access Technology)、新无线(NR，New Radio)、新无线接入(NX，New radio access)、新一代无线接入(FX，Future generation radio access)、全球移动通信系统(GSM(注册商标)，Global System for Mobile communications)、码分多址接入2000(CDMA2000)、超级移动宽带(UMB，Ultra Mobile Broadband)、IEEE 802.11(Wi-Fi(注册商标))、IEEE 802.16(WiMAX(注册商标))、IEEE 802.20、超宽带(UWB，Ultra-WideBand)、蓝牙(Bluetooth(注册商标))、其它适当的无线通信方法的系统和/或基于它们而扩展的下一代系统。
本说明书中使用的“根据”这样的记载，只要未在其它段落中明确记载，则并不意味着“仅根据”。换言之，“根据”这样的记载是指“仅根据”和“至少根据”这两者。
本说明书中使用的对使用“第一”、“第二”等名称的单元的任何参照，均非全面限定这些单元的数量或顺序。这些名称可以作为区别两个以上单元的便利方法而在本说明书中使用。因此，第一单元和第二单元的参照并不意味着仅可采用两个单元或者第一单元必须以若干形式占先于第二单元。
本说明书中使用的“判断(确定)(determining)”这样的用语有时包含多种多样的动作。例如，关于“判断(确定)”，可以将计算(calculating)、推算(computing)、处理(processing)、推导(deriving)、调查(investigating)、搜索(looking up)(例如表、数据库、或其它数据结构中的搜索)、确认(ascertaining)等视为是进行“判断(确定)”。此外，关于“判断(确定)”，也可以将接收(receiving)(例如接收信息)、发送(transmitting)(例如发送信息)、输入(input)、输出(output)、存取(accessing)(例如存取内存中的数据)等视为是进行“判断(确 定)”。此外，关于“判断(确定)”，还可以将解决(resolving)、选择(selecting)、选定(choosing)、建立(establishing)、比较(comparing)等视为是进行“判断(确定)”。也就是说，关于“判断(确定)”，可以将若干动作视为是进行“判断(确定)”。
本说明书中使用的“连接的(connected)”、“结合的(coupled)”这样的用语或者它们的任何变形是指两个或两个以上单元间的直接的或间接的任何连接或结合，可以包括以下情况：在相互“连接”或“结合”的两个单元间，存在一个或一个以上的中间单元。单元间的结合或连接可以是物理上的，也可以是逻辑上的，或者还可以是两者的组合。例如，“连接”也可以替换为“接入”。在本说明书中使用时，可以认为两个单元是通过使用一个或一个以上的电线、线缆、和/或印刷电气连接，以及作为若干非限定性且非穷尽性的示例，通过使用具有射频区域、微波区域、和/或光(可见光及不可见光这两者)区域的波长的电磁能等，被相互“连接”或“结合”。
在本说明书或权利要求书中使用“包括(including)”、“包含(comprising)”、以及它们的变形时，这些用语与用语“具备”同样是开放式的。进一步地，在本说明书或权利要求书中使用的用语“或(or)”并非是异或。
以上对本发明进行了详细说明，但对于本领域技术人员而言，显然，本发明并非限定于本说明书中说明的实施方式。本发明在不脱离由权利要求书的记载所确定的本发明的宗旨和范围的前提下，可以作为修改和变更方式来实施。因此，本说明书的记载是以示例说明为目的，对本发明而言并非具有任何限制性的意义。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种比特到符号的映射方法，包括：
    获得多个基星座图；
    使用所述多个基星座图对输入比特序列进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
    根据所述输入比特序列生成多个信息比特组，
    所述使用所述多个基星座图对输入比特序列进行映射，以生成待传输的符号包括：
    根据所述多个信息比特组中的部分信息比特组，在所述多个基星座图中确定目标星座图；
    使用所述目标星座图对所述多个信息比特组中除了所述部分信息比特组以外的其他信息比特组进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其中所述多个基星座图中的每个基星座图包括：
    初始星座图和调整因子。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
    根据所述输入比特序列生成多个信息比特组，其中
    所述获得多个基星座图包括：
    确定对应于所述多个信息比特组中各个信息比特组的基星座图；
    所述使用所述多个基星座图对输入比特序列进行映射，以生成待传输的符号包括：
    分别使用所确定的各个星座图，对相应的信息比特组进行映射以获得初始星座点；
    对所获得的初始星座点进行叠加以生成待传输的符号。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其中对所述初始星座点进行叠加以生成待传输的符号包括：
    通过调整因子对各个初始星座点进行调整；以及
    叠加调整的初始星座点以生成待传输的符号。
  6. 如权利要求3或5所述的方法，其中
    所述调整因子包括功率因子和/或旋转角度。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其中
    一个符号中包括多个子信道，以及
    根据各个子信道所需要的信道容量确定所述调整因子。
  8. 一种比特到符号的映射方法，其中一个符号包括多个子信道，所述方法包括：
    确定输入比特序列中数据的优先级，以及
    使用星座图，根据所确定的优先级和各个子信道的可靠性，对输入比特序列进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其中根据所确定的优先级和各个子信道所包括的比特数，对输入比特序列进行映射包括：
    将输入比特序列中具有高优先级的数据映射到符号中可靠性高的子信道，以及
    将输入比特序列中具有低优先级的数据映射到符号中可靠性低的子信道。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的方法，其中
    所述多个子信道中的特定子信道具有多个取值；
    当所述特定子信道的取值为所述多个取值中的一个取值时通过从符号中删除所述特定子信道而获得的剩余子信道构成的第一星座图的样式，与当所述特定子信道的取值为所述多个取值中的另一取值时通过从符号中删除所述特定子信道而获得的剩余子信道构成的第二星座图的样式相同。
  11. 一种通信装置，包括：
    获取单元，配置来获得多个基星座图；
    映射单元，配置来使用所述多个基星座图对输入比特序列进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的通信装置，还包括：
    编码单元，配置来根据所述输入比特序列生成多个信息比特组，
    所述映射单元根据所述多个信息比特组中的部分信息比特组，在所述多个基星座图中确定目标星座图，以及使用所述目标星座图对所述多个信息比特组中除了所述部分信息比特组以外的其他信息比特组进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的通信装置，还包括：
    编码单元，配置来根据所述输入比特序列生成多个信息比特组，其中
    所述获取单元确定对应于所述多个信息比特组中各个信息比特组的基星座图；
    所述映射单元分别使用所确定的各个星座图，对相应的信息比特组进行映射以获得初始星座点，以及对所获得的初始星座点进行叠加以生成待传输的符号。
  14. 一种通信装置，包括：
    确定单元，配置来确定输入比特序列中数据的优先级；以及
    映射单元，配置来使用星座图，根据所确定的优先级和一个符号中包括的各个子信道的可靠性，对输入比特序列进行映射，以生成待传输的符号。
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