WO2019062513A1 - 背光模组及显示装置 - Google Patents

背光模组及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019062513A1
WO2019062513A1 PCT/CN2018/104383 CN2018104383W WO2019062513A1 WO 2019062513 A1 WO2019062513 A1 WO 2019062513A1 CN 2018104383 W CN2018104383 W CN 2018104383W WO 2019062513 A1 WO2019062513 A1 WO 2019062513A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
prism
backlight module
polarized light
display device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/104383
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔺东龙
吴鹏
佟泽源
李文洋
任富健
崔栋
张志鹏
龙斌
尹大根
马青
韩锐
孙湃
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方光电科技有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US16/338,799 priority Critical patent/US11506830B2/en
Publication of WO2019062513A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019062513A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0056—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide for producing polarisation effects, e.g. by a surface with polarizing properties or by an additional polarizing elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/13362—Illuminating devices providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/13355—Polarising beam splitters [PBS]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of liquid crystal display, and in particular to a backlight module and a display device.
  • Transparent display products are light, thin, easy to carry, low energy consumption, environmental protection and energy saving, etc., and thus, more and more people are favored.
  • the transparent display product not only allows the user to see the image of the object displayed on the display, but also can see the real object behind the display through the display screen, bringing a new human-computer interaction experience.
  • the backlight module includes a polarizing light guide plate configured to convert incident light into first polarized light and second polarized light.
  • the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light.
  • the first polarized light is generated by the reflection of the incident light within the polarizing light guide plate.
  • the polarizing light guide plate includes a grang prism.
  • the Glan prism includes: a first prism, wherein the first prism has a first slope, a first bottom surface, and a first side disposed orthogonal to the first bottom surface, The first side is a rectangular surface; and the second prism, wherein the second prism has a second slope, a second bottom surface, and a second side orthogonal to the second bottom surface, the second side is rectangular surface.
  • the first slope of the first prism is in contact with the second slope of the second prism, and the first polarized light is reflected from the first slope by the first prism A bottom surface emerges.
  • the backlight module further includes a light source adjacent to the first side of the first prism, the light emitting direction of the light source being perpendicular to the first side of the first prism.
  • the backlight module further includes a first reflective sheet adjacent to the second side of the second prism, the first reflective sheet being configured to be capable of directing the second polarized light The direction of the light source is reflected.
  • the light source further includes a second reflective sheet adjacent to the first side of the first prism and disposed opposite the first reflective sheet, the second reflective sheet being configured to be The second polarized light reflected by the first reflective sheet is reflected back to the polarizing light guide plate, and changes the polarization state of the second polarized light.
  • the light source includes a substrate and a light emitting device on the substrate, the second reflective sheet and the light emitting device being located on the same side of the substrate and parallel to the substrate The direction does not overlap with the light emitting device.
  • the display device includes the backlight module described above
  • the display device further includes a liquid crystal module disposed on a light exiting side of the backlight module.
  • the display device further includes a polarizer disposed on a side of the liquid crystal module away from the backlight module.
  • the light transmission direction of the polarizer is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first polarized light.
  • the polarizing light guide plate has a light transmittance higher than a light transmittance of the polarizer.
  • the display device is a transparent liquid crystal display device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a backlight module in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary polarizing light guide plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the working principle of a backlight module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the working principle of a backlight module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic exploded view of an exemplary polarizing light guide plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural view of a backlight module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary display device in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a transparent display device should have both a display function and transparency.
  • the inventors have found that current transparent display products are mainly organic light emitting display devices (OLEDs).
  • OLEDs organic light emitting display devices
  • a transparent display of a liquid crystal display device mostly uses a four-color pixel design (RGBW technology).
  • RGBW technology four-color pixel design
  • the transparency of the color filter substrate is designed by using the RGBW technology, and the color filter substrate is made into a transparent showcase to improve the transmittance of the display substrate to light.
  • the inventors have conducted intensive research and a large number of experiments and found that the liquid crystal display device improved by the technology does not have a true transparent display function due to the limitation of the backlight module. Therefore, further improvement is required for the transparent display of the liquid crystal display device.
  • the backlight module includes a polarizing light guide plate 100 .
  • the polarizing light guide plate 100 is configured to be capable of converting incident light into first polarized light and second polarized light.
  • the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light.
  • at least the first polarized light may be emitted from the light exit surface of the polarizing light guide plate for illuminating the pixels so as to be usable for display.
  • the first polarized light can be emitted from the backlight module.
  • the transmittance of the first polarized light and the light having the same polarization direction as the first polarized light should be as high as possible, so that the loss of the first polarization in the polarizing light guide plate 100 is as low as possible.
  • the polarizing light guide plate 100 may be a transparent medium. Thereby, the transparency of the backlight module can be increased, and the display device having the backlight module has higher transparency to better realize transparent display.
  • the backlight module provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can also be used in a transparent display device.
  • the specific type of the polarizing light guide plate is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can design according to specific conditions.
  • the polarizing light guide plate 100 may include a prism.
  • the Glan prism can divide the light incident therein into first polarized light and second polarized light which propagate in two different directions and whose polarization direction is perpendicular, and therefore, the incident light can be polarized by the Glan prism.
  • the Glan prism has a high transparency, so the transparency of the backlight module can be improved.
  • the Glan prism can be formed by any of the following: i) two prisms having different refractive indices are in direct contact, ii) two prisms are bonded by a colloid; iii) two prisms are An air layer is formed between them. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that two prisms that are in direct contact or have air in between can achieve fixation between the two prisms through other components in the backlight module.
  • the first polarized light is generated by reflection (particularly total reflection) of the incident light within the Glan prism.
  • the specific manner of reflecting the first polarized light is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select according to the specific situation.
  • the two prisms having materials having different refractive indexes may be used to constitute the Grang prism, and thus the first polarized light may be made Reflection occurs at the contact surface.
  • the refractive index of the colloid when the two prisms are formed by colloidal bonding to form a Glan prism, the refractive index of the colloid may be different from the refractive index of the optical material forming the two prisms, and the first polarization may be made. Light is reflected on the mating surface.
  • the refractive index of the air in the case where there is an air gap between the two prisms, the refractive index of the air may be different from the refractive index of the optical material forming the two prisms, so that the first polarized light is A reflection, in particular total reflection, occurs at the interface between one of the two prisms and the air gap.
  • the Glan prism may include a first prism and a second prism, and the first prism and the second prism each have a slope, and the first prism and the second prism are conformed by the slope to constitute the Grang prism.
  • the optical material constituting the first prism and the second prism may be calcite.
  • the first prism and the second prism may be adhered to each other by a colloid to form a glan prism.
  • the shape of the first prism, the second prism, and the Glan prism composed thereof is not particularly limited as long as it matches the display panel in the display device, and those skilled in the art can design according to the specific situation. As an example, referring to FIG.
  • the Glan prism may include a first prism 110 and a second prism 120.
  • the first prism 110 and the second prism 120 may be triangular prisms, and the bevels of the first prism 110 and the second prism 120 are attached.
  • the Gran prism formed is a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the backlight module can be used for transparent display by using the Glan prism.
  • a polarizing light guide plate is described as an example of a Glan prism formed by gluing two right-angled prisms.
  • the polarizing light guide plate in the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and a polarizing light guiding plate such as a polarization beam splitting prism, a Nicol prism, or the like may be formed by other means.
  • the polarizing light guide plate 100 can enable the light without a specific polarization state to have a polarization state in addition to the uniform light function, and thus can be used for display of the display device without the need for a backlight module and A polarizer is disposed between the display panels of the display device.
  • a light source may be disposed on a side of the polarizing light guide plate.
  • the polarizing light guide plate 100 may convert incident light emitted from the light source 300 into first polarized light 10 and second polarized light 20, and the polarization direction of the first polarized light 10 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light 20.
  • the polarizing light guide plate 100 may be formed of an anisotropic crystal.
  • the polarizing light guide plate 100 has an optical axis perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The light incident on the polarizing light guiding plate 100 is birefringent in the polarizing light guiding plate 100 due to the birefringence effect, thereby forming the first polarized light 10 having the first polarization direction and the second polarized light 20 having the second polarization direction.
  • the polarization direction of the first polarized light 10 (parallel to the plane of the drawing, as shown by the short dashed line in the figure) is perpendicular to the optical axis
  • the polarization direction of the second polarized light 20 is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, as shown in the figure.
  • the dot is parallel to the optical axis.
  • the polarizing light guide plate 100 may be formed by gluing a bevel of two prisms, and a colloid for bonding the two prisms has a refractive index smaller than a refractive index of the prism.
  • the first polarized light 10 can be made to satisfy the total reflection condition at the bonding surface of the inclined faces of the two prisms. Thus, total reflection occurs at the bonding surface.
  • the second polarized light 20 does not satisfy the total reflection condition at the bonding surface of the polarizing light guiding plate 100, and thus can be transmitted through the polarizing light guiding plate 100.
  • the polarizing light guide plate can decompose the natural light incident therein into the two first polarized lights 10 and the second polarized lights 20 having different polarization directions.
  • the first polarized light 10 can be emitted from the light emitting surface of the polarizing light guide plate for illuminating the pixels of the display device for display, and the second polarized light can be directly emitted from the side of the polarizing light guide plate 100, as shown in FIG. .
  • the polarizing light guide plate 100 can convert incident light into light having a polarization state, whereby the use of a polarizer can be reduced in the display device, and the transmittance of light can be improved. Further, the polarizing light guiding plate 100 can be formed of a transparent medium such as calcite, and therefore, the light transmittance can be further improved.
  • the polarizing light guide plate may include a Glan prism capable of deflecting incident light emitted from the light source.
  • a Glan prism capable of deflecting incident light emitted from the light source.
  • the angle of the Glan prism is set according to the light source.
  • the size of the angle is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can design according to the specific situation.
  • the backlight module can also make an object located under the backlight module visible.
  • external light illuminates the object 600, which refracts or reflects the light, and the light 30 reflected or refracted by the object 600 enters the gradation prism.
  • the angle of the Glan prism is set according to the light source 300, and therefore, the Glan prism causes the light emitted by the light source 300 to be deflected, and the light 30 reflected or refracted by the object 600 is biased.
  • the effect is very weak. Therefore, when the light 30 passes through the Glan prism, most of the light can be directly emitted through the Glan prism. In this case, objects below the backlight module can be made visible, and therefore, can be used for transparent display.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic exploded view of an exemplary polarizing light guide plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the polarizing light guide plate may be composed of a Glan prism including a first prism 110 and a second prism 120.
  • the first prism 110 has a first inclined surface 111
  • the second prism 120 has a second inclined surface 121.
  • the first prism 110 and the second prism 120 are bonded together by the first inclined surface 111 and the second inclined surface 121 to form a rectangular parallelepiped prism. That is to say, the first slope 111 and the second slope 121 are located on the opposite sides of the rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the first polarized light is totally reflected at the bonding surface of the first slope 111 and the second slope 121. Thereby, the polarization and reflection of light can be realized by the Glan prism.
  • the first prism 110 may further have a first bottom surface 112 and a first side surface 113 disposed orthogonally to the first bottom surface 112.
  • the second prism 120 may further have a second bottom surface 122 and a second bottom surface 122.
  • the second side surface 123 disposed orthogonally, the first side surface 113 and the second side surface 123 are all rectangular surfaces.
  • the light source 300 may be disposed adjacent to the first side 113 of the first prism 110.
  • the light exiting direction of the light source 300 is perpendicular to the first side 113 of the first prism 110.
  • an optical element such as a collimating element and a coupling element may be disposed between the light source 300 and the light incident surface (the first side surface 113) of the polarizing light guiding plate 100 so as to be from the light source 300.
  • the incident light can be incident into the polarizing light guide plate 100 in parallel.
  • the backlight module may further include a first reflective sheet 200 adjacent to the second side surface 123 of the second prism 120, and the first reflective sheet 200 is configured to be capable of The two polarized lights are reflected toward the direction of the light source.
  • the light source 300 is disposed toward the first side 113 of the Glan prism, and the first reflection sheet 200 is disposed facing the second side 123 of the Glan prism.
  • the backlight module may further include a second reflective sheet 301 adjacent to the first side surface 113 of the first prism 110 and disposed opposite to the first reflective sheet 200.
  • the second polarized light emitted from the second side surface 123 of the second prism 120 can be reflected back to the polarizing light guide plate 100 by the first reflective sheet 200, and then incident on the second reflective sheet 301 through the polarizing light guide plate 100. Then, the second reflection sheet is reflected back to the polarizing light guide plate 100. Since the second polarized light is reflected by the second reflective sheet 301, its polarization state changes, and is no longer linearly polarized light whose polarization direction is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
  • the reflected light of the second polarized light sequentially reflected by the second reflective sheet 301 may become one of the following: partially polarized light, circularly polarized light, elliptically polarized light, or unpolarized light.
  • the reflected light is again incident into the polarization beam splitting prism and can still be decomposed into a first polarized light that is parallel to the plane of the paper and a second polarized light that is perpendicular to the plane of the paper.
  • the first polarized light may be totally reflected at the bonding surface between the first prism 110 and the second prism 120 for display.
  • the second polarized light may be transmitted through the polarizing light guide plate, is incident on the first reflective sheet 200 from the second side surface 123 of the second prism 120, and is again reflected by the first reflective sheet 200 toward the second reflective sheet 301.
  • the second polarized light can still be converted to light of other polarization states or unpolarized light. In this way, the second polarized light can be gradually converted into the first polarized light for display, so that the utilization of light can be increased, and the brightness of the display panel can be improved.
  • the second reflective sheet 301 may be formed of a metal reflector such as silver plated or aluminized.
  • a metal reflector such as silver plated or aluminized.
  • Such a metal reflector can convert linearly polarized light into non-linearly polarized light (eg, elliptically polarized light) by reflection.
  • the second reflective sheet 301 may be integrated onto the light source 300 as part of the light source 300 or may be a separate component independent of the light source 300.
  • the light source may include a light emitting device 302 such as an LED and a substrate 303 such as a flexible circuit board for mounting the light emitting device 302.
  • the second reflective sheet 301 is disposed at a position of the substrate 303 where the light emitting device is not mounted, so that the second reflective sheet does not block light emitted by the light emitting device.
  • a display device may include a backlight module according to the present disclosure, such as a backlight module according to one or more embodiments disclosed in detail above.
  • a backlight module according to one or more embodiments disclosed in detail above.
  • the display device can achieve transparent display and has high brightness.
  • the display device may be a transparent liquid crystal display device.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display device may further include a liquid crystal module 400 and a liquid crystal module 400 disposed in order to implement the function of the display device.
  • the polarizer 500 on the side away from the backlight module.
  • the liquid crystal module 400 is disposed on the light emitting side of the backlight module, and no polarizer is disposed between the liquid crystal module 400 and the backlight module.
  • the backlight module can not only provide the backlight, but also realize the polarization of the light, thereby eliminating a layer of the polarizer and reducing the occlusion of the polarizer, thereby improving the transmittance of the light. .
  • the polarizer 500 is disposed on a side of the liquid crystal module 400 away from the backlight module, and the light transmission direction of the polarizer 500 is matched with the polarization direction of the first polarized light, so that display can be realized.
  • the light transmitting direction of the polarizer 500 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first polarized light.
  • the polarization state of the light emitted from the liquid crystal layer can be controlled, so that the intensity of the light emitted from the polarizer 500 can be controlled, thereby realizing bright and dark display.
  • the transmittance of the polarizing light guide plate and the polarizer may be designed such that the transmittance of the polarizing light guide plate to light is higher than that of the polarizer 500. rate. Thereby, the brightness of the display device can be further improved.
  • the light reflected or refracted by the object emitted from the backlight module is also irradiated into the liquid crystal module 400. Since the light is not completely linearly polarized light, it is parallel to the polarizer after passing through the liquid crystal layer. The component of the polarization direction of the light transmission direction can pass through the polarizer 500. Thereby, objects below the display device can be made visible. Since the display device is provided with a structure capable of providing a display function, such as the liquid crystal module 400, the brightness of the display is smaller than that of the direct transmission glass, but is greater than the brightness of the display panel plus the double-layer polarizer structure. .
  • the user can see the image in front of the screen, and can see the object behind the display device through the image to realize transparent display.
  • the principle of the backlight module for transparent display has been described in detail above and will not be described herein.
  • the backlight module in the display device adopts the polarizing light guide plate 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, thereby eliminating a layer of polarizing film, thereby improving the transmittance of light.
  • the display device can be used for transparent display.
  • the description of the terms “one embodiment”, “another embodiment” or the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments are included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. .
  • the schematic representation of the above terms is not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example.
  • the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
  • various embodiments or examples described in the specification, as well as features of various embodiments or examples may be combined and combined.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

一种背光模组及显示装置。该背光模组包括：偏光导光板（100），偏光导光板（100）被配置为能够将入射光转换成第一偏振光以及第二偏振光，第一偏振光的偏振方向与第二偏振光的偏振方向垂直。该背光模组能够增强液晶显示装置的透明显示效果。

Description

背光模组及显示装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2017年09月26日递交的中国专利申请第201710879912.4号的优先权和权益，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本公开涉及液晶显示领域，具体地，涉及一种背光模组及显示装置。
背景技术
透明显示产品具有轻薄、易于携带，耗能低，环保节能等优点，因而，越来越受人们的青睐。透明显示产品不仅可以使用户看到显示屏上显示的物体的图像，还可以透过显示屏看到显示屏后面的真实物体，带来一种全新的人机交互体验。
发明内容
本公开的一个方面提出了一种背光模组。该背光模组包括：偏光导光板，所述偏光导光板被配置为能够将入射光转换成第一偏振光以及第二偏振光。所述第一偏振光的偏振方向与所述第二偏振光的偏振方向垂直。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述第一偏振光通过所述入射光在所述偏光导光板内发生反射而产生。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述偏光导光板包括格兰棱镜。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述格兰棱镜包括：第一棱镜，其中，所述第一棱镜具有第一斜面、第一底面以及与所述第一底面正交设置的第一侧面，所述第一侧面为矩形面；以及第二棱镜，其中，所述第二棱镜具有第二斜面、第二底面以及与所述第二底面正交设置的第二侧面，所述第二侧面为矩形面。所述第一棱镜的所述第一斜面与所述第二棱镜的所述第二斜面贴合，所述第一偏振光通过在所述第一斜面处反射而从所述第一棱镜 的第一底面出射。
根据本公开的一些实施例，该背光模组进一步包括邻近所述第一棱镜的所述第一侧面的光源，所述光源的出光方向垂直于第一棱镜的所述第一侧面。
根据本公开的一些实施例，该背光模组进一步包括邻近所述第二棱镜的所述第二侧面的第一反射片，所述第一反射片被设置为能够将所述第二偏振光朝向所述光源的方向反射。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述光源进一步包括邻近所述第一棱镜的第一侧面并与所述第一反射片相对设置的第二反射片，所述第二反射片被配置为将由所述第一反射片反射的第二偏振光反射回所述偏光导光板，并改变所述第二偏振光的偏振状态。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述光源包括包括基板以及位于所述基板上的发光器件，所述第二反射片与所述发光器件位于所述基板的同一侧且在平行于所述基板的方向上与所述发光器件不重叠。
本公开的另一方面提出了一种显示装置。根据本公开的实施例，该显示装置包括前面所述的背光模组
根据本公开的一些实施例，该显示装置进一步包括液晶模组，所述液晶模组设置在所述背光模组的出光侧。
根据本公开的一些实施例，该显示装置进一步包括偏光片，所述偏光片设置在所述液晶模组远离所述背光模组的一侧。所述偏光片的透光方向与所述第一偏振光的偏振方向垂直。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述偏光导光板的透光率高于所述偏光片的透光率。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述显示装置为透明液晶显示装置。
附图说明
本公开的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1显示了根据本公开的一个实施例的背光模组的示意图；
图2显示了根据本公开的一个实施例的示例的偏光导光板的示意图；
图3显示了根据本公开的一个实施例的背光模组的工作原理示意图；
图4显示了根据本公开的另一个实施例的背光模组的工作原理示意图；
图5显示了根据本公开的一个实施例的示例的偏光导光板的拆分结构示意图；
图6显示了根据本公开的另一个实施例的背光模组的结构示意图；以及
图7显示了根据本公开的一个实施例的示例的显示装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本公开，而不能理解为对本公开的限制。
本领域技术人员已知的是，透明显示装置应既具有显示功能，又具有透明性。发明人发现，目前的透明显示产品主要为有机发光显示装置(OLED)。在相关技术中，液晶显示装置的透明显示多采用四色型像素设计(RGBW技术)。具体的，利用RGBW技术对彩膜基板的透明性进行设计，将彩膜基板做成透明展柜，以提高显示基板对光的透过率。然而，发明人经过深入研究以及大量实验发现，通过该技术改进后的液晶显示装置，由于背光模组的限制，其并不具有真正意义上的透明显示功能。因此，对于液晶显示装置的透明显示还需进一步的改进。
在本公开的一个方面，提出了一种背光模组。根据本公开的实施例，参考图1，该背光模组包括偏光导光板100。偏光导光板100被配置为能够将入射光转换成第一偏振光以及第二偏振光。第一偏振光的偏振方向与第二偏振光的偏振方向垂直。在本公开的一些实施例中，至少第一偏振光可以从偏光导光板的出光面出射，以用于照射像素，从而可以用于显示。当这种背光模组应用到显示装置时，由于从偏光导光板出射的光为偏振光，无需在偏光导光板和显示面板之间设置额外偏振片，因此可以简化结构，并且能够提高亮度。
如前所述，第一偏振光能够从背光模组中射出。为了增加背光模组的透明度，偏光导光板100对第一偏振光以及偏振方向与第一偏振光相同的光的透过率应尽量高，使第一偏振在偏光导光板100内的损失尽量低。根据本公开的实施例，偏光导光板100可以为透明介质。由此，可以增加背光模组的透明度，进而使得具有该背光模组的显示装置具有较高的透明度，以更好的实现透明显示。另外，来自位于背光模组下方的物体的光可以透过偏光导光板照射到背光模组上方的结构(例如液晶显示面板中)，并被用户观察到。因此本公开实施例提供的背光模组也可以用于透明显示装置中。
在本公开的实施例中，关于偏光导光板的具体类型不受特别限制，本领域技术人员可以根据具体情况进行设计。在示例的实施例中，偏光导光板100可以包括格兰棱镜。格兰棱镜可以使得入射到其内的光分成沿两个不同方向传播的并且偏振方向垂直的第一偏振光和第二偏振光，因此，可以利用格兰棱镜使入射光起偏。另外，格兰棱镜具有较高的透明度，因此可以提高背光模组的透明度。
关于格兰棱镜的构成方式不受特别限制，本领域技术人员可以根据具体情况进行设计。作为示例，可以通过以下中的任一种方式形成格兰棱镜：i)两个具有不同折射率的棱镜直接接触构成，ii)通过胶体将两个棱镜进行贴合；iii)使两个棱镜之间形成一层空气层。本领域技术人员能够理解的是，直接接触或者中间有空气的两个棱镜可以通过背光模组中的其他部件实现两个棱镜之间的固定。
根据本公开的一些实施例，第一偏振光通过入射光在格兰棱镜内的反射(特别是全反射)而产生。关于使第一偏振光发生反射的具体方式不受特别限制，本领域技术人员可以根据具体情况进行选择。根据本公开的示例的实施例，在格兰棱镜通过两个棱镜直接接触而形成的情况下，可以采用具有不同折射率的材料的两个棱镜构成该格兰棱镜，进而可以使第一偏振光在接触面发生反射。根据本公开的另一示例的实施例，在两个棱镜通过胶体贴合而形成格兰棱镜时，可以利用胶体的折射率与形成两个棱镜的光学材料的折射率不同，而使第一偏振光在贴合面发生反射。根据本公开的又一示例的实施例，在两个棱镜之间存在空气间隙的情况下，可以利用空气的折射率与形成两个棱镜的光学材料的折射率不同，而使第一偏振光 在两个棱镜中的一个与空气间隙之间的界面处发生反射，特别是全反射。
根据本公开的一些实施例，格兰棱镜可以包括第一棱镜以及第二棱镜，且第一棱镜以及第二棱镜均具有斜面，第一棱镜以及第二棱镜通过斜面贴合构成该格兰棱镜。根据本公开的实施例，构成第一棱镜以及第二棱镜的光学材料可以为方解石。第一棱镜与第二棱镜可以通过胶体而使两个斜面贴合，以构成格兰棱镜。关于第一棱镜、第二棱镜以及由其组成的格兰棱镜的形状不受特别限制，只要与显示装置中的显示面板相匹配即可，本领域技术人员可以根据具体情况进行设计。作为示例，参考图2，格兰棱镜可以包括第一棱镜110以及第二棱镜120，第一棱镜110以及第二棱镜120可以为三棱镜，通过第一棱镜110以及第二棱镜120的斜面贴合而构成的格兰棱镜为长方体。由此，利用格兰棱镜可以使背光模组用于透明显示。
下面根据本公开的具体实施例，对该偏光导光板可以用于透明显示的原理进行详细说明。
在以下的实施例中，为了便于描述，以偏光导光板为由两个直角三棱镜胶合而形成的格兰棱镜为例进行说明。然而，可以理解，本公开的实施例中的偏光导光板不限于此，还可以通过其他方式形成偏光导光板，例如偏振分光棱镜、尼科尔棱镜等。
在本公开的一些实施例中，偏光导光板100除了能够实现均光功能以外，还能够使无特定偏振状态的光具有偏振状态，因此可以用于显示装置的显示，而无需在背光模组和显示装置的显示面板之间设置偏光片。
可以理解，为了向偏光导光板提供入射光，可以在偏光导光板的侧面设置光源。参考图3，偏光导光板100可以将光源300发出的入射光转换成第一偏振光10以及第二偏振光20，且第一偏振光10的偏振方向与第二偏振光20的偏振方向垂直。
在本公开的示例的实施例中，偏光导光板100可由各向异性晶体形成。作为示例，偏光导光板100具有与图面垂直的光轴。入射到偏光导光板100的光由于双折射效应而在偏光导光板100内发生双折射，从而形成具有第一偏振方向的第一偏振光10以及具有第二偏振方向的第二偏振光20。第一偏振光10的偏振方向(平行于图面，如图中所示出的短虚线)与光轴垂直，第二偏振光20的偏振方向(与图面垂直，如图中所示出的圆点)与光 轴平行。
在本公开的示例的实施例中，偏光导光板100可以通过胶体将两个棱镜的斜面胶合而形成，用于胶合两个棱镜的胶体的折射率小于棱镜的折射率。通过设置偏光导光板100的两个棱镜的合适的结构参数，诸如棱镜的直角面和斜面之间的角度，可以使得第一偏振光10在两个棱镜的斜面的贴合面处满足全反射条件，从而在该贴合面处发生全反射。而第二偏振光20在偏光导光板100的贴合面处不满足全反射条件，因此可以透射通过偏光导光板100。由此，该偏光导光板可以将入射到其内的自然光分解成两束偏振方向不同的第一偏振光10和第二偏振光20。第一偏振光10可以从偏光导光板的出光面射出，以用于照射显示装置的像素，从而用于显示；而第二偏振光可以直接从偏光导光板100的侧面射出，如图3所示。
根据本公开的实施例，偏光导光板100可以将入射光转换成具有偏振状态的光射出，由此，可以在显示装置中减少一层偏光片的使用，进而可以提高光的透过率。此外，偏光导光板100可以由透明介质(例如方解石)形成，因此，可以进一步提高光的透过率。
如上已经描述的，偏光导光板可以包括格兰棱镜，格兰棱镜能够使光源发出的入射光起偏。通过设置格兰棱镜与光源的角度，可以使入射光的起偏可控。根据本公开的实施例，格兰棱镜的角度是根据光源设置的。关于该角度的大小不受特别限制，本领域技术人员可以根据具体情况进行设计。
在本公开的一些实施例中，该背光模组还可以使位于背光模组下方的物体可见。如图4所示，外界光线照射到物体600上，物体600使光线发生折射或反射，经物体600反射或折射的光线30进入格兰棱镜中。根据本公开的实施例，格兰棱镜的角度是根据光源300而设置的，因此，格兰棱镜会使光源300发出的光发生起偏，而对由物体600反射或折射上去的光线30起偏作用很弱。因此，光线30在经过格兰棱镜时，大部分光可以直接穿过格兰棱镜而射出。在这种情况下，可以使背光模组下方的物体可见，因此，可以用于透明显示。
图5显示了根据本公开的一个实施例的示例的偏光导光板的拆分结构示意图。参考图5，偏光导光板可以由包括第一棱镜110和第二棱镜120 的格兰棱镜组成。第一棱镜110具有第一斜面111，第二棱镜120具有第二斜面121，第一棱镜110与第二棱镜120通过第一斜面111以及第二斜面121贴合构成长方体格兰棱镜。也即是说，第一斜面111以及第二斜面121位于长方体的对角面上。在该实施例中，第一偏振光在第一斜面111以及第二斜面121的贴合面处发生全反射。由此，可以利用格兰棱镜实现光的偏振以及反射。
根据本公开的实施例，第一棱镜110还可以具有第一底面112以及与第一底面112正交设置的第一侧面113，第二棱镜120还可以具有第二底面122以及与第二底面122正交设置的第二侧面123，第一侧面113以及第二侧面123均为矩形面。
在本公开的一些实施例中，如图6所示，光源300可以邻近第一棱镜110的第一侧面113设置。光源300的出光方向垂直于第一棱镜110的第一侧面113。在示例的实施例中，还可以在光源300和偏光导光板100的入光面(第一侧面113)之间设置例如准直元件和耦合元件等光学元件(未示出)，以便从光源300入射的光能够平行入射到偏光导光板100内。
根据本公开的实施例，如图6所示，该背光模组还可以包括邻近第二棱镜120的第二侧面123的第一反射片200，第一反射片200被设置为能够将所述第二偏振光朝向所述光源的方向反射。具体的，光源300朝向格兰棱镜中的第一侧面113设置，第一反射片200面向格兰棱镜中的第二侧面123设置。
在示例的实施例中，背光模组还可以包括邻近第一棱镜110的第一侧面113并与第一反射片200相对设置的第二反射片301。通过该配置，从第二棱镜120的第二侧面123出射的第二偏振光可以被第一反射片200反射回偏光导光板100，然后穿过偏光导光板100入射到第二反射片301上，再由第二反射片反射回偏光导光板100。由于第二偏振光经过第二反射片301反射后，其偏振状态发生改变，不再是偏振方向垂直于图面的线偏振光。作为示例，第二偏振光依次经过第二反射片301的反射后的反射光可以变为以下中的一种：部分偏振光、圆偏振光、椭圆偏振光、非偏振光。该反射光再次入射到偏振分光棱镜中仍然可以分解为平行于纸面偏振的第一偏振光和垂直于纸面偏振的第二偏振光。第一偏振光可以在第一棱镜 110和第二棱镜120之间的贴合面处发生全反射，以用于显示。第二偏振光可以透射通过偏光导光板，从第二棱镜120的第二侧面123入射到第一反射片200上，再次由第一反射片200朝向第二反射片301的方向反射，因此，该第二偏振光仍然可以转化为其他偏振状态的光或者非偏振光。如此往复，第二偏振光可以逐步转化为第一偏振光而用于显示，因此能够增加光的利用率，且能够提高显示面板的亮度。
在示例的实施例中，第二反射片301可以由诸如镀银或镀铝的金属反射器形成。这种金属反射器可以通过反射将线偏振光转换为非线偏振光(例如椭圆偏振光)。
在本公开的实施例中，第二反射片301可以集成到光源300上作为光源300的部分，也可以是独立于光源300的独立的部件。
在示例的实施例中，如图6所示，光源可以包括诸如LED的发光器件302和用于安装该发光器件302的诸如柔性电路板的基板303。在示例的实施例中，第二反射片301设置在基板303的没有安装发光器件的位置，以便第二反射片不遮挡发光器件发出的光。
在本公开的另一方面，提出了一种显示装置。根据本公开的实施例，该显示装置可以包括根据本公开的背光模组，诸如根据上面详细公开的一个或多个实施例的背光模组。因此对于该显示装置的可选实施例，可以参考背光模组的致实施例。总的来说，该显示装置可以实现透明显示，且具有较高的亮度。根据本公开的实施例，该显示装置可以为透明液晶显示装置。
图7显示了根据本公开的一个实施例的示例的显示装置的示意图，参考图7，为了实现该显示装置的使用功能，该显示装置还可以包括液晶模组400以及设置在液晶模组400的远离背光模组的一侧的偏光片500。液晶模组400设置在背光模组的出光侧，且在液晶模组400与背光模组之间不设置偏光片。根据本公开的实施例，由于背光模组不仅能够提供背光，还能够实现光的偏振，由此，可以省去一层偏光片，减少偏光片对光的遮挡，因而可以提高光的透过率。
根据本公开的实施例，偏光片500设置在液晶模组400远离背光模组的一侧，且偏光片500的透光方向与第一偏振光的偏振方向相配合，可以 实现显示。在本公开的示例的实施例中，偏光片500的透光方向与第一偏振光的偏振方向垂直。根据本公开的实施例，经背光模组射出的第一偏振光，照射到液晶模组400中后，由于液晶具有旋光性，第一偏振光透过液晶层后偏振状态发生变化。根据施加在液晶两侧的电压的大小，可以控制从液晶层出射的光的偏振状态，因此可以控制从偏光片500出射的光的强度，从而实现亮暗显示。根据本公开的实施例，为了提高显示装置的显示亮度，可以对偏光导光板以及偏光片的透光率进行设计，使得偏光导光板对光的透过率高于偏光片500对光的透过率。由此，可以进一步提高显示装置的亮度。
根据本公开的实施例，从背光模组射出的由物体反射或折射的光线，也会照射到液晶模组400中，由于该光线不是完全的线偏振光，经过液晶层后具有平行于偏光片的透光方向偏振的分量，因此可以透过偏光片500。由此，可以使显示装置下方的物体可见。由于，该显示装置中设置有能够使其具备显示功能的结构，如液晶模组400等，其显示的亮度虽然比直接透过玻璃要小，但是比显示面板加双层偏振片结构的亮度大。由此，结合上述两个工作原理，使用者在屏幕前看到图像的同时，可以透过图像看到显示装置后面的物体，实现透明显示。关于背光模组用于透明显示的原理前面已经进行了详细描述，在此不再赘述。
如前所述，该显示装置中背光模组采用根据本公开实施例的偏光导光板100，进而省去了一层偏光片，进而可以提高光的透过率。由此，该显示装置可以用于透明显示。
在本公开的描述中，术语“上”、“下”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开而不是要求本公开必须以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“另一个实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实 施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
除非上下文中另外明确地指出，否则在本文和所附权利要求中所使用的词语的单数形式包括复数，反之亦然。因而，当提及单数时，通常包括相应术语的复数。本说明书中，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。
以上为了说明和描述的目的提供了实施例的前述描述。其并不旨在是穷举的或者限制本申请。特定实施例的各个元件或特征通常不限于特定的实施例，但是，在合适的情况下，这些元件和特征是可互换的并且可用在所选择的实施例中，即使没有具体示出或描述。同样也可以以许多方式来改变。这种改变不能被认为脱离了本申请，并且所有这些修改都包含在本申请的范围内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种背光模组，包括：
    偏光导光板，所述偏光导光板被配置为能够将入射光转换成第一偏振光以及第二偏振光，其中，所述第一偏振光的偏振方向与所述第二偏振光的偏振方向垂直。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述第一偏振光通过所述入射光在所述偏光导光板内发生反射而产生。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的背光模组，其中，所述偏光导光板包括格兰棱镜。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的背光模组，其中，所述格兰棱镜包括：
    第一棱镜，其中，所述第一棱镜具有第一斜面、第一底面以及与所述第一底面正交设置的第一侧面，所述第一侧面为矩形面；以及
    第二棱镜，其中，所述第二棱镜具有第二斜面、第二底面以及与所述第二底面正交设置的第二侧面，所述第二侧面为矩形面；
    所述第一棱镜的所述第一斜面与所述第二棱镜的所述第二斜面贴合，所述第一偏振光通过在所述第一斜面处反射而从所述第一棱镜的第一底面出射。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的背光模组，进一步包括：
    邻近所述第一棱镜的所述第一侧面的光源，所述光源的出光方向垂直于所述第一棱镜的所述第一侧面。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的背光模组，进一步包括：
    邻近所述第二棱镜的所述第二侧面的第一反射片，所述第一反射片被设置为能够将所述第二偏振光朝向所述光源的方向反射。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的背光模组，进一步包括：
    邻近所述第一棱镜的第一侧面并与所述第一反射片相对设置的第二反射片，所述第二反射片被配置为将由所述第一反射片反射的第二偏振光反射回所述偏光导光板，并改变所述第二偏振光的偏振状态。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的背光模组，其中，所述光源包括基板以及位于所述基板上的发光器件，所述第二反射片与所述发光器件位于所述基板的同一侧且在平行于所述基板的方向上与所述发光器件不重叠。
  9. 一种显示装置，包括1-8任一项所述的背光模组。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的显示装置，进一步包括：
    液晶模组，所述液晶模组设置在所述背光模组的出光侧。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的显示装置，进一步包括：
    偏光片，所述偏光片设置在所述液晶模组远离所述背光模组的一侧，所述偏光片的透光方向与所述第一偏振光的偏振方向垂直。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的显示装置，其中，所述偏光导光板的透光率高于所述偏光片的透光率。
  13. 根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示装置为透明液晶显示装置。
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