WO2019062506A1 - 自动对刀喷嘴装置和自动对刀方法 - Google Patents

自动对刀喷嘴装置和自动对刀方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019062506A1
WO2019062506A1 PCT/CN2018/104275 CN2018104275W WO2019062506A1 WO 2019062506 A1 WO2019062506 A1 WO 2019062506A1 CN 2018104275 W CN2018104275 W CN 2018104275W WO 2019062506 A1 WO2019062506 A1 WO 2019062506A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nozzle
laser sensor
automatic tool
driving mechanism
tool setting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/104275
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
熊伟强
张世德
Original Assignee
东莞安默琳机械制造技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 东莞安默琳机械制造技术有限公司 filed Critical 东莞安默琳机械制造技术有限公司
Publication of WO2019062506A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019062506A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
    • B23Q15/20—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work before or after the tool acts upon the workpiece
    • B23Q15/22—Control or regulation of position of tool or workpiece

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of mechanical processing, in particular to an automatic tool setting nozzle device and an automatic tool setting method for an externally cooled numerical control machine tool.
  • Micro-lubrication technology is a kind of metal processing lubrication method, that is, semi-dry cutting, which refers to a kind of cutting that combines compressed gas with a very small amount of lubricating oil to form micron-sized droplets and sprays them into the processing area for effective lubrication. processing methods.
  • Micro-lubrication technology is an effective green manufacturing technology.
  • the cutting fluid is supplied by high-speed fog particles, which increases the permeability of the lubricant, improves the cooling lubrication effect, and improves the surface processing quality of the workpiece.
  • the amount of cutting fluid used is only traditional. One ten-thousandth of the amount of cutting fluid, which greatly reduces the cost of the coolant, keeps the tools, workpieces and chips outside the cutting area dry, avoiding the problem of treating waste liquid.
  • the implementation of the micro-lubrication technology is divided into two types of lubrication: external cooling and internal cooling.
  • the external cooling method firstly introduces the cutting fluid into the injection cooling system and mixes with the gas. After the high pressure, the atomizing nozzle passes through the multi-head nozzle. The resulting nano-scale aerosol is continuously injected to the cutting point.
  • the internal cooling type produces an oil mist lubricant inside the atomizer, which is fed into the tool through the spindle of the machine tool and ejected through the tool nozzle.
  • micro-lubrication technology has been widely used in various processing equipment, and it has been proved that it can completely replace the wet processing, and can also have better processing quality and higher tool life.
  • CNC machine tools are mainly processing complex and complex parts. There are many process operations when the machine tool is running. Therefore, there are many different types, sizes, lengths and long tools. When CNC machine tools do not have internal cooling channels, they can only use external cooling.
  • Micro-lubrication technology for cooling and lubrication while the traditional external cooling micro-lubrication technology uses a fixed nozzle to align the processing area for lubrication, cooling, and chip removal.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic tool setting nozzle device and an automatic tool setting method, which can automatically find a tool tool through an automatic tool setting nozzle when a numerical control machine tool needs to be a tool. Head and align the nozzle of the nozzle with the tip.
  • the present invention provides an automatic tool setting nozzle device including an automatic tool setting nozzle and a PLC, the automatic tool setting nozzle including a first driving mechanism, a laser sensor and a nozzle, the laser sensor and the nozzle and the first a driving mechanism is connected, the PLC is electrically connected to the first driving mechanism and the laser sensor, the first driving mechanism is configured to drive the laser sensor and the nozzle to move up and down, and the laser sensor is used for The position of the cutter head of the induction tool.
  • the first drive mechanism includes a motor, a lead screw slide, a lead screw, and a connecting rod
  • the motor is coupled to the lead screw
  • the lead screw is screwed to the lead screw slide
  • the screw slide is fixedly connected to the connecting rod
  • the laser sensor and the nozzle are respectively connected to the connecting rod
  • the rotation of the screw driven by the motor is converted to drive the screw slide upper and lower Move to drive the connecting rod to move up and down.
  • the first drive mechanism includes a motor, a lead screw, a first slide table, and a second slide table
  • the motor is coupled to the lead screw
  • the lead screw is respectively coupled to the first slide table and
  • the second sliding table is screwed
  • the nozzle is connected to the first sliding table
  • the laser sensor is connected to the second sliding table
  • the rotation of the motor driving the screw is converted to drive the The first slide table and the second slide table move up and down.
  • the first drive mechanism is a cylinder or cylinder.
  • the automatic tool setting nozzle further includes a second driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism is mounted on the first driving mechanism, and the nozzle is connected to the second driving mechanism, the first A second drive mechanism drives the nozzle for horizontal movement.
  • the PLC is further electrically connected to the second drive mechanism.
  • the automatic tool setting nozzle further includes a fixing plate, and the first driving mechanism is disposed on the fixing plate.
  • the second driving mechanism includes a gas source, a solenoid valve, a rodless cylinder and a piston slider, the rodless cylinder is laterally disposed, and the solenoid valve is connected to the gas source and the piston slider
  • the nozzle is mounted on the piston block, and the PLC is electrically connected to the solenoid valve.
  • the invention also provides an automatic tool setting method, comprising:
  • the PLC controls the first drive mechanism to drive the laser sensor and the nozzle to move down to the maximum stroke and stop;
  • the laser sensor starts to work, and the PLC controls the first driving mechanism to drive the laser sensor and the nozzle to move upward.
  • the PLC controls the first driving mechanism to stop driving the laser sensor and the nozzle to move up;
  • the PLC controls the first drive mechanism to drive the laser sensor and the nozzle to move downward for a fixed stroke to align the nozzle of the nozzle with the cutter head of the cutter.
  • the automatic tool setting method further includes: before the automatic tool setting starts, the PLC controls the second driving mechanism to drive the nozzle to perform horizontal movement to move the nozzle away from the cutter; after the automatic tool setting is completed The PLC controls the second drive mechanism to drive the nozzle to perform horizontal movement to bring the nozzle close to the cutter.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the lubrication nozzle of the externally cooled CNC machine tool can accurately determine the position of the cutter head by the automatic tool setting nozzle device and the automatic tool setting method before the CNC machine tool starts machining or before the tool change preparation process And automatically align the nozzle of the nozzle with the cutter head to improve the efficiency of the lubrication of the lubrication nozzle.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an automatic tool setting nozzle device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of an automatic tool setting nozzle in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a control diagram showing the tool setting nozzle device in the second embodiment and the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the automatic tool setting nozzle before the tool setting in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a structural schematic view showing the automatic tool setting nozzle in the second embodiment of the present invention after the tool setting.
  • Figure 6 is a right side view of Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of an automatic tool setting nozzle in a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a flow chart showing the implementation of the automatic tool setting method in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • a first embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic tool setting nozzle device including an automatic tool setting nozzle 20 and a PLC 30.
  • the automatic tool setting nozzle 20 includes a first driving mechanism 21, a laser sensor 24, and a nozzle 23, the laser sensor 24 and the nozzle 23 are connected to the first driving mechanism 21, and the PLC 30 is electrically connected with the first driving mechanism 21 and the laser sensor 24, the first
  • the driving mechanism 21 is configured to drive the laser sensor 24 and the nozzle 23 to move up and down, and the laser sensor 24 is used to sense the position of the cutter head;
  • the first driving mechanism 21 includes a motor 211, a screw slide 212, a screw 213 and a connecting rod 214.
  • the motor 211 is fixedly connected with the screw 213, and the screw 213 is screwed to the screw slide 212.
  • the screw slide 212 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 214, the laser sensor 24 is connected to the connecting rod 214, the nozzle 23 is connected to the connecting rod 214, and the rotation of the screw 213 by the motor 211 is converted into driving the wire.
  • the rod slide table 212 moves up and down to drive the connecting rod 214, the laser sensor 24 and the nozzle 23 to move up and down;
  • the first drive mechanism 21 can also be a cylinder or a cylinder.
  • the automatic tool setting nozzle 20 further includes a fixing plate 25, and the first driving mechanism 21 is disposed on the fixing plate 25;
  • one end of the fixing plate 25 is provided with a screw slide cover, and the screw 213 is disposed on an inner wall of the screw slide cover, and the screw slide is inside the screw slide cover Moving up and down, the other end of the fixing plate 25 is connected to the numerical control machine tool, so that the automatic tool setting nozzle device is connected with the numerical control machine tool.
  • the nozzle 23 is located above the laser sensor 24.
  • the laser sensor 24 moves upward from the maximum downward movement stroke, and the nozzle 23 is disposed above the laser sensor 24 to effectively reduce the automatic tool setting nozzle device. volume of.
  • the number of the connecting rods 214 is two, and the number is too small to affect the balance of the automatic knife setting nozzle device, and the excessive number increases the weight of the automatic knife setting nozzle device.
  • the PLC 30 is electrically coupled to the motor 211 and the laser sensor 24, respectively, and controls the up and down movement of the connecting rod 214 based on the signal received by the laser sensor 24.
  • the automatic tool setting nozzle device is fixed on the spindle guard plate of the vertical CNC machine tool by the fixing plate 25; when the spindle of the CNC machine tool has horizontal movement, it is necessary to design the fixing frame to be installed.
  • the upper and lower maximum stroke of the nozzle 23 is determined before installation to prevent collision with the machine tool fixture and the table, etc., while the nozzle of the nozzle 23 is aligned with the machining area, the CNC machine is first determined.
  • the circuit installation of the automatic tool setting nozzle device only needs to connect the signal line of the automatic tool setting nozzle device to the cutting fluid start signal point of the machine tool, and connect the 24V power line of the automatic tool setting nozzle device to the power supply of the machine tool.
  • the machine can be linked with the machine tool; the automatic tool setting nozzle device has its own independent programming system, and realizes the automatic tool finding, tool setting, start and stop function through PLC30.
  • the automatic tool setting nozzle device needs to determine three parameter values of the laser sensor 24 after installation:
  • the maximum stroke of the laser sensor 24 should be greater than the longest tool, because when the lowest position is higher than the longest tool, the laser sensor 24 will immediately sense the tool when it starts working, and this is not necessarily the position of the head. ;
  • the upper limit does not sense the tool tip; when the shortest tool total length and the longest tool total length are determined, the length value is input into the system.
  • the automatic tool seek function can be realized by activating the tool seek command.
  • the total length of the tool is the total length of the tool holder after the tool is installed.
  • the PLC 30 starts the motor 211, and the motor 211 drives the nozzle 23 and the laser sensor 24 to move down to the maximum stroke and stops; then the PLC control motor 211 drives the nozzle 23 and the laser sensor 24 Moving upwards, while the laser sensor 24 starts to work and emits a laser signal and receives a laser signal.
  • the laser sensor 24 receives the laser signal reflected back by the tool, it immediately returns the information to the PLC 30, determining that the head is here, and the PLC 30 controls at this time.
  • the motor stops driving the nozzle 23 and the laser sensor 24 to move up; finally, the PLC 30 controls the motor 211 to drive the nozzle 23 and the laser sensor 24 to move downward, the distance of the movement is the vertical distance between the nozzle 23 and the laser sensor 24, so that the nozzle 23 The nozzle is aligned with the tool tip.
  • the CNC machine tool needs to replace the tool of different size or length for the CNC machine tool
  • the CNC machine tool needs to re-tool the tool; or other CNC machine tools can change the size or length of the tool.
  • the tool needs to be re-aligned.
  • the automatic tool setting nozzle device can accurately determine the position of the tool head when the CNC machine tool needs to be tooled, and align the nozzle with the tool head and the processing area, thereby eliminating the process of manually adjusting the nozzle and improving the process.
  • the accuracy of the alignment of the nozzle with the cutter head improves the machining efficiency.
  • This embodiment does not need to change the structure of the numerical control machine tool, and reduces the transformation cost of the enterprise.
  • a second embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic tool setting nozzle device including an automatic tool setting nozzle 20 and a PLC 30.
  • the automatic tool setting nozzle 20 includes a first driving mechanism 21, a laser sensor 24, and a nozzle. 23, the laser sensor 24 and the nozzle 23 are connected to the first driving mechanism 21, and the PLC 30 is electrically connected with the first driving mechanism 21 and the laser sensor 24, the first driving mechanism 21 for driving the laser sensor 24 and the nozzle 23 to move up and down, the laser sensor 24 is used to sense the position of the cutter head;
  • the first driving mechanism 21 includes a motor 211, a screw slide 212, a screw 213 and a connecting rod 214.
  • the motor 211 is fixedly connected with the screw 213, and the screw 213 is screwed to the screw slide 212.
  • the screw slide 212 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 214, the laser sensor 24 is connected to the connecting rod 214, the nozzle 23 is connected to the connecting rod 214, and the rotation of the screw 213 by the motor 211 is converted into driving the wire.
  • the rod slide table 212 is moved up and down to drive the connecting rod 214, the laser sensor 24, and the nozzle 23 to move up and down.
  • the automatic tool setting nozzle 20 further includes a fixing plate 25, and the first driving mechanism 21 is disposed on the fixing plate 25;
  • one end of the fixing plate 25 is provided with a screw slide cover, and the screw 213 is disposed on an inner wall of the screw slide cover, and the screw slide is inside the screw slide cover Moving up and down, the other end of the fixing plate 25 is connected to the numerical control machine tool, so that the automatic tool setting nozzle device is connected with the numerical control machine tool.
  • the automatic tool setting nozzle 20 further includes a second driving mechanism 26 mounted on the first driving mechanism 21, and the nozzle 23 is connected to the second driving mechanism 26, The second drive mechanism 26 drives the nozzle 23 for horizontal movement.
  • the second driving mechanism 26 includes a gas source 261, a solenoid valve 262, a rodless cylinder 263 and a piston slider 264.
  • the connecting rod 214 is further provided with a rodless cylinder 263 and a piston slider 264, the rodless cylinder
  • the 263 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 214, the rodless cylinder 263 is disposed laterally, the rodless cylinder 263 is located above the laser sensor 24, and the piston slider 264 is slidably connected with the rodless cylinder 263, the nozzle 23
  • the piston valve 264 is fixed between the air source 261 and the piston slider 264 to drive the piston slider 264 to perform horizontal linear motion.
  • the rodless cylinder 263 is located above the laser sensor 24.
  • the laser sensor 24 moves upward from the maximum downward movement stroke, and the rodless cylinder 263 is located above the laser sensor 24 to effectively reduce the automatic tool setting nozzle.
  • the volume of the device is located above the laser sensor 24.
  • the PLC 30 is electrically connected to the motor 211, the electromagnetic valve 262 and the laser sensor 24 respectively. According to the signal received by the laser sensor 24, the PLC 30 controls the motor 211 to drive the up and down movement or stop of the connecting rod 214; the PLC 30 controls the solenoid valve 262 to drive the piston sliding. Block 264 moves left or right.
  • the PLC 30 starts the motor 211, and the motor 211 drives the rodless cylinder 263 and the laser sensor 24 to move down to the maximum stroke and stops; then the PLC control motor 211 drives the rodless cylinder 263 and the laser
  • the sensor 24 moves upward, and the laser sensor 24 starts to work and emits a laser signal and receives a laser signal.
  • the information is immediately sent back to the PLC 30 to determine the cutter head of the tool.
  • the PLC 30 controls the motor to stop driving the rodless cylinder 263 and the laser sensor 24 to move up; then the PLC 30 controls the motor 211 to move the rodless cylinder 263 and the laser sensor 24 downward, and the moving distance is the vertical of the nozzle 23 and the laser sensor 24.
  • the distance is such that the nozzle of the nozzle 23 on the rodless cylinder 263 is on the same level as the cutter head of the cutter, while the PLC 30 opens the solenoid valve 262 to drive the piston slider 264 to move to the horizontal maximum stroke, so that the nozzle of the nozzle 23 is aligned with the cutter head. .
  • the automatic tool setting nozzle device can accurately determine the position of the tool head when the CNC machine tool needs to be tooled, and align the nozzle with the tool head and the processing area, thereby eliminating the process of manually adjusting the nozzle and improving the process.
  • the accuracy of the nozzle alignment with the cutter head reduces material loss and improves machining efficiency.
  • the nozzle 23 can be retracted by the rodless cylinder 263, so that the nozzle 23 is moved away from the cutter, and the nozzle 23 is prevented from coming into contact with the numerically controlled machine tool holder, the table, and the like. In this embodiment, it is not necessary to modify the structure of the numerical control machine tool, and the transformation cost of the enterprise is reduced.
  • a third embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic tool setting nozzle device including an automatic tool setting nozzle 20 and a PLC 30.
  • the automatic tool setting nozzle 20 includes a first driving mechanism 21, a laser sensor 24, and a nozzle 23, the laser sensor 24 and the nozzle 23 are connected to the first driving mechanism 21, and the PLC 30 is electrically connected with the first driving mechanism 21 and the laser sensor 24, the first The driving mechanism 21 is configured to drive the laser sensor 24 and the nozzle 23 to move up and down, and the laser sensor 24 is used to sense the position of the cutter head;
  • the first driving mechanism 21 includes a motor 211, a lead screw 215, a first sliding table 216, and a second sliding table 217.
  • the motor 211 is connected to the lead screw 215, and the lead screw 215 is respectively
  • the first sliding table 216 and the second sliding table 217 are screwed together, the nozzle 23 is connected to the first sliding table 216, and the laser sensor 24 is connected to the second sliding table 217,
  • the rotation of the screw 215 by the motor 211 is converted to drive the first slide table 216 and the second slide table 217 to move up and down.
  • the automatic tool setting nozzle 20 further includes a fixing plate 25, and the first driving mechanism 21 is disposed on the fixing plate 25;
  • the fixing plate 25 includes a first fixing plate 25a and a second fixing plate 25b.
  • the two ends of the screw rod 215 are respectively disposed on the first fixing plate 25a and the second fixing plate 25b, and the first fixing plate 25a and the The second fixing plate 25b connects the screw 215 to the numerically controlled machine tool.
  • first slide table 216 is located above the second slide table 217.
  • the second slide table 217 provided with the laser sensor 24 is moved upward from the maximum downward movement stroke, and the first slide table 216 is located above the second slide table 217 to effectively reduce the volume of the automatic knife setting nozzle device.
  • the automatic tool setting nozzle 20 further includes the automatic tool setting nozzle 20 further comprising a second driving mechanism 26 mounted on the first driving mechanism 21, the nozzle 23 and The second drive mechanism 26 is coupled and the second drive mechanism 26 drives the nozzle 23 for horizontal movement.
  • the second driving mechanism 26 includes a gas source 261, a solenoid valve 262, a lead screw 215, a first sliding table 216 and a second sliding table 217, and the first sliding table 216 is further provided with a rodless cylinder 263 and The piston slider 264, the rodless cylinder 263 is horizontally fixed on the first sliding table 216, and the air source 261 controls the piston slider 264 to perform horizontal linear motion on the rodless cylinder 263, and the rodless cylinder 263 is located at the laser sensor 24.
  • the piston slider 264 is slidably coupled to the rodless cylinder 263, and the nozzle 23 is fixed to the piston slider 264, and the solenoid valve 262 is connected between the air source 261 and the piston slider 264 to drive The piston slider 264 performs horizontal movement.
  • the PLC 30 is electrically connected to the motor 211, the electromagnetic valve 262, and the laser sensor 24, respectively. According to the signal received by the laser sensor 24, the PLC 30 controls the motor 211 to drive the up and down movement or stop of the first sliding table 216 and the second sliding table 217; The PLC 30 controls the solenoid valve 262 to drive the left and right movement or stop of the piston slider 264.
  • the first driving mechanism 21 further includes a connecting block 218, and the first sliding table 216 and the second sliding table 217 are connected by the connecting block 218, ensuring that the first sliding table 216 and the second sliding table 217 are kept during the moving process.
  • the spacing is equal.
  • the PLC 30 starts the motor 211, and the motor 211 drives the first sliding table 216 and the second sliding table 217 to simultaneously move down to the maximum stroke and stop; then, at the same time, the laser sensor 24 starts to work.
  • the laser signal is transmitted and the laser signal is received.
  • the motor 211 drives the first sliding table 216 and the second sliding table 217 to move upward.
  • the PLC 30 controls the motor to stop driving the nozzle 23 and the laser sensor to move up; then the PLC 30 controls the motor 211 to drive the first slide table 216 and the second slide table 217 to move downward, and the moving distance is the nozzle 23 and the laser sensor 24
  • the vertical distance is such that the nozzle of the nozzle 23 on the first sliding table 216 is on the same level as the cutter head of the cutter, while the PLC 30 opens the solenoid valve 262, and the solenoid valve 262 drives the piston slider 264 to move to the horizontal maximum stroke, so that the nozzle The nozzle of 23 is aligned with the cutter head.
  • the automatic tool setting nozzle device can accurately determine the position of the tool head when the CNC machine tool needs to be tooled, and align the nozzle with the tool head and the processing area, thereby eliminating the process of manually adjusting the nozzle and improving the process.
  • the precision of the alignment of the nozzle with the processing area reduces the material loss and improves the processing efficiency.
  • the nozzle 23 can be retracted by the rodless cylinder 263, so that the nozzle 23 is away from the cutter and the spray is prevented.
  • the tube 23 touches the CNC machine tool fixture and the work table.
  • the automatic tool setting nozzle device of the embodiment is simpler, and the structure of the numerical control machine tool does not need to be modified, thereby reducing the transformation cost of the enterprise.
  • a fourth embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic tool setting method, including:
  • the PLC 30 controls the first driving mechanism 21 to drive the laser sensor 24 and the nozzle 23 to move downward to the maximum stroke and stop;
  • the laser sensor 24 starts to work, and the PLC 30 controls the first driving mechanism 21 to drive the laser sensor 24 and the nozzle 23 to move upward.
  • the PLC 30 controls the first drive mechanism 21 to stop driving the laser sensor 24 and the nozzle 23 to move up;
  • the PLC 30 controls the first drive mechanism 21 to drive the laser sensor 24 and the nozzle 23 downward for a fixed stroke to align the nozzle of the nozzle 23 with the cutter head of the cutter.
  • the automatic tool setting method further includes: before the automatic tool setting is started, the PLC 30 controls the second driving mechanism 26 to drive the nozzle 23 to perform horizontal movement to move the nozzle 23 away from the cutter; After the knife is completed, the PLC 30 controls the second drive mechanism 26 to drive the nozzle 23 to move horizontally to bring the nozzle 23 close to the tool.
  • the automatic tool setting method can accurately determine the position of the tool head when the CNC machine tool needs to be tooled, and align the nozzle with the tool head and the processing area, thereby eliminating the process of manually adjusting the nozzle and improving the nozzle. Accurate alignment with the processing area for improved processing efficiency.
  • the lubrication nozzle of the externally cooled CNC machine tool can accurately determine the position of the cutter head and the nozzle of the nozzle by the automatic tool setting nozzle device and the automatic tool setting method before the CNC machine tool starts machining or before the tool change preparation process Automatic alignment with the cutter head improves the efficiency of the lubrication of the lubrication nozzle.

Abstract

一种自动对刀喷嘴装置和自动对刀方法，包括自动对刀喷嘴（20）和PLC（30），自动对刀喷嘴（20）包括第一驱动机构（21）、激光传感器（24）和喷管（23），激光传感器（24）和喷管（23）与第一驱动机构（21）连接， PLC（30）与第一驱动机构（21）和激光传感器（24）电信号连接，第一驱动机构（21）用于驱动激光传感器（24）和喷管（23）上下移动，激光传感器（24）用于感应刀具的刀头位置。

Description

自动对刀喷嘴装置和自动对刀方法 技术领域
本发明涉及机械加工领域，尤其涉及一种外冷数控机床的自动对刀喷嘴装置和自动对刀方法。
 背景技术
微量润滑技术是一种金属加工的润滑方式，即半干式切削，指将压缩气体与极微量的润滑油混合汽化后，形成微米级的液滴，喷射到加工区进行有效润滑的一种切削加工方法。微量润滑技术是一种有效的绿色制造技术，切削液以高速雾粒供给，增加了润滑剂的渗透性，提高了冷却润滑效果，改善了工件的表面加工质量；使用切削液的量仅为传统切削液用量的万分之一，从而大大降低了冷却液成本，使切削区域外的刀具、工件和切屑保持干燥，避免了处理废液的难题。
微量润滑技术实现方式分为外冷式和内冷式这两种润滑方式：外冷式润滑方式是首先将切削液导入喷射冷却系统里与气体混合，在利用高压下通过多头喷嘴将雾化后形成的毫微米级气雾不断地喷射到切削点。内冷式则在雾化器内部产生油雾润滑剂，通过机床主轴送入刀具，通过刀具喷嘴喷出。
现有的微量润滑技术，在各种加工设备中已经有了广泛的运用，实践证明可以完全代替湿式加工，并且还能拥有更好的加工质量和更高的刀具寿命。目前，数控机床都是加工精密复杂件为主，机床运行时有很多工序加工，所以有很多不同型号、大小、长短的刀具，当数控机床没有自带内冷冷却通道时，只能使用外冷微量润滑技术来进行冷却润滑，而传统的外冷微量润滑技术都是用固定式喷嘴来对准加工区域进行润滑、冷却、排屑。
 技术问题
数控机床在运行中，因多道工序会有自动换刀，而此时又无法手动调整喷嘴的位置，当换成不同长度的刀具时，喷嘴就无法对准刀头和加工区域，就没办法发挥微量润滑技术的作用。
 技术解决方案
为了克服现有技术中存在的缺点和不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种自动对刀喷嘴装置和自动对刀方法，能在数控机床需要对刀时，通过自动对刀喷嘴自动寻找刀具的刀头，并将喷管的喷嘴与刀头对准。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现：
本发明提供一种自动对刀喷嘴装置，包括自动对刀喷嘴和PLC，所述自动对刀喷嘴包括第一驱动机构、激光传感器和喷管所述激光传感器和所述喷管与所述第一驱动机构连接，所述PLC与所述第一驱动机构和所述激光传感器电信号连接，所述第一驱动机构用于驱动所述激光传感器和所述喷管上下移动，所述激光传感器用于感应刀具的刀头位置。
在一个示例中，所述第一驱动机构包括电机、丝杆滑台、丝杆和连接杆，所述电机与所述丝杆连接，所述丝杆与所述丝杆滑台螺纹连接，所述丝杆滑台与所述连接杆固定连接，所述激光传感器和所述喷管分别与所述连接杆连接，所述电机驱动所述丝杆的转动转化为带动所述丝杆滑台上下移动，从而驱动所述连接杆上下移动。
在一个示例中，所述第一驱动机构包括电机、丝杆、第一滑台和第二滑台，所述电机与所述丝杆连接，所述丝杆分别与所述第一滑台和所述第二滑台螺纹连接，所述喷管与所述第一滑台连接，所述激光传感器与所述第二滑台连接，所述电机驱动所述丝杆的转动转化为带动所述第一滑台和所述第二滑台上下移动。
在一个示例中，所述第一驱动机构为气缸或油缸。
在一个示例中，所述自动对刀喷嘴还包括第二驱动机构，所述第二驱动机构安装在所述第一驱动机构上，所述喷管与所述第二驱动机构连接，所述第二驱动机构驱动所述喷管做水平运动。
进一步地，所述PLC还与所述第二驱动机构电信号连接。
进一步地，所述自动对刀喷嘴还包括固定板，所述第一驱动机构设置在所述固定板上。
进一步地，所述第二驱动机构包括气源、电磁阀、无杆气缸和活塞滑块，所述无杆气缸为横向设置，所述电磁阀连接在所述气源与所述活塞滑块之间，所述喷管安装在所述活塞滑块上，所述PLC与所述电磁阀电信号连接。
本发明还提供一种自动对刀方法，包括：
在数控机床需要对刀时，PLC控制第一驱动机构驱动激光传感器和喷管向下移动到最大行程并停止；
所述激光传感器开始工作，同时所述PLC控制所述第一驱动机构驱动所述激光传感器和所述喷管向上移动，当所述激光传感器感应到刀具时，确定此处为刀头，所述PLC控制所述第一驱动机构停止驱动所述激光传感器和所述喷管上移；
所述PLC控制所述第一驱动机构驱动所述激光传感器和所述喷管向下移动一段固定行程，使所述喷管的喷嘴与所述刀具的刀头对准。
进一步地，所述自动对刀方法还包括：在自动对刀开始之前，所述PLC控制第二驱动机构驱动所述喷管做水平运动以使所述喷管远离刀具；在自动对刀完成后，所述PLC控制所述第二驱动机构驱动所述喷管做水平运动以使所述喷管靠近刀具。
 有益效果
本发明的有益效果在于：使外冷数控机床的润滑喷嘴在数控机床开始加工前或者换刀准备加工前，通过所述自动对刀喷嘴装置和自动对刀方法能够准确地判断刀具的刀头位置，并将喷管的喷嘴与刀头自动对准，提高润滑喷嘴的对刀效率。
 附图说明
图1是本发明实施例中自动对刀喷嘴装置的结构示意图。
图2是本发明第一实施例中自动对刀喷嘴的结构示意图。
图3是本发明第二实施例和第三实施例中对刀喷嘴装置的控制关系图。
图4是本发明第二实施例中自动对刀喷嘴在对刀前的结构示意图。
图5是本发明第二实施例中自动对刀喷嘴在对刀后的结构示意图。
图6是图5的右视图。
图7是本发明第三实施例中自动对刀喷嘴的结构示意图。
图8是本发明第四实施例中自动对刀方法的实现流程图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明，但并不是把本发明的实施范围局限于此。
[第一实施例]
如图1所示，本发明第一实施例提供了一种自动对刀喷嘴装置，包括自动对刀喷嘴20和PLC30，所述自动对刀喷嘴20包括：第一驱动机构21、激光传感器24和喷管23，所述激光传感器24和所述喷管23与所述第一驱动机构21连接，所述PLC30与所述第一驱动机构21和所述激光传感器24电信号连接，所述第一驱动机构21用于驱动所述激光传感器24和所述喷管23上下移动，所述激光传感器24用于感应刀具的刀头位置；
如图2所示，第一驱动机构21包括电机211、丝杆滑台212、丝杆213和连接杆214，电机211与丝杆213固定连接，丝杆213与丝杆滑台212螺纹连接，丝杆滑台212与连接杆214固定连接，所述激光传感器24与连接杆214连接，所述喷管23与连接杆214连接，电机211驱动所述丝杆213的转动转化为带动所述丝杆滑台212上下移动，从而驱动所述连接杆214、激光传感器24和所述喷管23上下移动；
在其他实施例中，所述第一驱动机构21还可以为气缸或油缸。
进一步地，所述自动对刀喷嘴20还包括固定板25，所述第一驱动机构21设置在所述固定板25上；
具体地，所述固定板25的一端设有丝杆滑台外罩，所述丝杆213设置在所述丝杆滑台外罩的内壁，所述丝杆滑台在所述丝杆滑台外罩内上下移动，所述固定板25的另一端与数控机床连接，从而使自动对刀喷嘴装置与数控机床连接。
进一步地，所述喷管23位于激光传感器24上方，在本实施例中，激光传感器24从最大下移行程开始向上移动，喷管23设于激光传感器24上方可有效减少本自动对刀喷嘴装置的体积。
进一步地，连接杆214的数量为两根，数量过少会影响本自动对刀喷嘴装置的平衡，数量过多会增加本自动对刀喷嘴装置的重量。
具体地，PLC30分别与电机211和激光传感器24电信号连接，根据激光传感器24接收的信号，控制连接杆214的上下移动。
本实施例中自动对刀喷嘴装置的安装方式如下：
当数控机床的主轴只有竖直运动时，将自动对刀喷嘴装置用固定板25固定在立式数控机床的主轴护罩板上；当数控机床的主轴有水平运动时，须要设计固定架安装在数控机床的机身板上；喷管23的上下最大行程在安装前先进行确定，以防碰撞到机床夹具及工作台等，而喷管23的喷嘴在对准加工区域时，先确定数控机床在自动换刀时不会与喷嘴触碰即可，并且喷管23的喷嘴尽可能靠近加工区域，喷管23的喷嘴到加工区域的距离不超过40cm为最佳，因为距离太远，喷雾的扩散与压力散失，会导致喷雾失去冲刷力，并且喷雾流速的降低会使其难易吹进加工区域。自动对刀喷嘴装置的电路安装，只须将本自动对刀喷嘴装置的信号线连接到机床的切削液启动信号点上，并将本自动对刀喷嘴装置的24V电源线连接到机床的电源上，即可实现跟机床联动；本自动对刀喷嘴装置自带独立的编程系统，通过PLC30来实现自动寻刀、对刀、启停功能等。
本实施例中自动对刀喷嘴装置在安装后须要确定激光传感器24的三个参数值：
最低位，激光传感器24的最大行程应大于最长的刀具，因为当最低位高于最长的刀具时，激光传感器24一开始工作就会立即感应到刀具，而此时不一定就是刀头位置；
最高位，寻刀命令启动前，激光传感器24等待下滑的位置，此位置必须在最短刀柄的平行线上，因为当最高位高于最短刀柄时，激光传感器24在工作时会因最大行程上限而感应不到刀尖；当确定最短的刀具总长和最长的刀具总长后，测出其长度值输入系统中，此时，启动寻刀命令，就可实现自动寻刀功能。所述刀具总长为刀柄安装刀具后的总长度。
本实施例中，在数控机床需要对刀时，PLC30启动电机211，电机211驱动喷管23和激光传感器24向下移动到最大行程并停止；然后PLC控制电机211驱动喷管23和激光传感器24向上移动，同时激光传感器24开始工作并发射激光信号和接收激光信号，当激光传感器24接收到刀具反射回的激光信号时，立马回传信息给PLC30，确定此处为刀头，此时PLC30控制电机停止驱动喷管23和激光传感器24上移；最后PLC30控制电机211驱动喷管23和激光传感器24向下移动，移动的距离为喷管23和激光传感器24的垂直距离，使喷管23的喷嘴对准刀具的刀头。
本实施例中，数控机床需要对刀为数控机床更换不同大小或长短的刀具后，数控机床需要重新对刀具进行对刀；也可以为其他使刀具的大小或长短发生改变的情况下，数控机床需要重新对刀具进行对刀。
在本实施例中，该自动对刀喷嘴装置可以在数控机床需要对刀时，准确地判断刀具的刀头位置，将喷嘴对准刀头及加工区域，省去了人工调整喷嘴的过程，提高喷嘴与刀头对准的精确度，提高加工效率。本实施例无须改变数控机床的结构，降低企业的改造成本。
[第二实施例]
如图1所示，本发明第二实施例提供了一种自动对刀喷嘴装置，包括自动对刀喷嘴20和PLC30，自动对刀喷嘴20包括：第一驱动机构21、激光传感器24和喷管23，所述激光传感器24和所述喷管23与所述第一驱动机构21连接，所述PLC30与所述第一驱动机构21和所述激光传感器24电信号连接，所述第一驱动机构21用于驱动所述激光传感器24和所述喷管23上下移动，所述激光传感器24用于感应刀具的刀头位置；
如图4所示，第一驱动机构21包括电机211、丝杆滑台212、丝杆213和连接杆214，电机211与丝杆213固定连接，丝杆213与丝杆滑台212螺纹连接，丝杆滑台212与连接杆214固定连接，所述激光传感器24与连接杆214连接，所述喷管23与连接杆214连接，电机211驱动所述丝杆213的转动转化为带动所述丝杆滑台212上下移动，从而驱动所述连接杆214、激光传感器24和所述喷管23上下移动。
进一步地，所述自动对刀喷嘴20还包括固定板25，所述第一驱动机构21设置在所述固定板25上；
具体地，所述固定板25的一端设有丝杆滑台外罩，所述丝杆213设置在所述丝杆滑台外罩的内壁，所述丝杆滑台在所述丝杆滑台外罩内上下移动，所述固定板25的另一端与数控机床连接，从而使自动对刀喷嘴装置与数控机床连接。
进一步地，所述自动对刀喷嘴20还包括第二驱动机构26，所述第二驱动机构26安装在第一驱动机构21之上，所述喷管23与所述第二驱动机构26连接，第二驱动机构26驱动喷管23做水平运动。
进一步地，第二驱动机构26包括气源261、电磁阀262、无杆气缸263和活塞滑块264，所述连接杆214还设有无杆气缸263和活塞滑块264，所述无杆气缸263与连接杆214进行固定连接，所述无杆气缸263为横向设置，所述无杆气缸263位于所述激光传感器24上方，活塞滑块264与无杆气缸263滑动连接，所述喷管23固定在活塞滑块264上，所述电磁阀262连接在所述气源261与所述活塞滑块264之间，以驱动活塞滑块264做水平直线运动。
进一步地，所述无杆气缸263位于激光传感器24上方，在本实施例中，激光传感器24从最大下移行程开始向上移动，无杆气缸263位于激光传感器24上方可有效减少本自动对刀喷嘴装置的体积。
具体地，PLC30分别与电机211、电磁阀262和激光传感器24电信号连接，根据激光传感器24接收的信号，PLC30控制电机211驱动连接杆214的上下移动或停止；PLC30控制电磁阀262驱动活塞滑块264的左右移动或停止。
本实施例中，在数控机床需要对刀时，PLC30启动电机211，电机211驱动无杆气缸263和激光传感器24向下移动到最大行程并停止；然后PLC控制电机211驱动无杆气缸263和激光传感器24向上移动，同时激光传感器24开始工作并发射激光信号和接收激光信号，当激光传感器24接收到刀具反射回的激光信号时，立马回传信息给PLC30，确定此处为刀具的刀头，此时PLC30控制电机停止驱动无杆气缸263和激光传感器24上移；然后PLC30控制电机211进而使无杆气缸263和激光传感器24向下移动，移动的距离为喷管23和激光传感器24的垂直距离，使无杆气缸263上喷管23的喷嘴与刀具的刀头在同一水平面上，同时PLC30打开电磁阀262驱动活塞滑块264移动到水平最大行程，使得喷管23的喷嘴对准刀头。
在本实施例中，该自动对刀喷嘴装置可以在数控机床需要对刀时，准确地判断刀具的刀头位置，将喷嘴对准刀头及加工区域，省去了人工调整喷嘴的过程，提高喷嘴与刀头对准的精确度，减少材料损耗，提高加工效率。在不使用该自动对刀喷嘴装置时，可以通过无杆气缸263将喷管23收回，使喷管23远离刀具，防止喷管23触碰到数控机床夹具与工作台等。本实施例无须改造数控机床的结构，降低企业的改造成本。
[第三实施例]
如图1所示，本发明第三实施例提供了一种自动对刀喷嘴装置，包括自动对刀喷嘴20和PLC30，所述自动对刀喷嘴20包括：第一驱动机构21、激光传感器24和喷管23，所述激光传感器24和所述喷管23与所述第一驱动机构21连接，所述PLC30与所述第一驱动机构21和所述激光传感器24电信号连接，所述第一驱动机构21用于驱动所述激光传感器24和所述喷管23上下移动，所述激光传感器24用于感应刀具的刀头位置；
如图7所示，第一驱动机构21包括电机211、丝杆215、第一滑台216和第二滑台217，所述电机211与所述丝杆215连接，所述丝杆215分别与所述第一滑台216和所述第二滑台217螺纹连接，所述喷管23与所述第一滑台216连接，所述激光传感器24与所述第二滑台217连接，所述电机211驱动所述丝杆215的转动转化为带动所述第一滑台216和所述第二滑台217上下移动。
进一步地，所述自动对刀喷嘴20还包括固定板25，所述第一驱动机构21设置在所述固定板25上；
进一步地，所述固定板25包括第一固定板25a和第二固定板25b，丝杆215的两端分别设置于第一固定板25a和第二固定板25b上，第一固定板25a和第二固定板25b将丝杆215与数控机床连接。
进一步地，第一滑台216位于第二滑台217上方。在本实施例中，设有激光传感器24的第二滑台217从最大下移行程开始向上移动，第一滑台216位于第二滑台217上方可有效减少本自动对刀喷嘴装置的体积。
进一步地，所述自动对刀喷嘴20还包括所述自动对刀喷嘴20还包括第二驱动机构26，所述第二驱动机构26安装在第一驱动机构21之上，所述喷管23与第二驱动机构26连接，第二驱动机构26驱动喷管23做水平运动。
进一步地，所述第二驱动机构26包括气源261、电磁阀262、丝杆215、第一滑台216和第二滑台217，所述第一滑台216还设有无杆气缸263和活塞滑块264，无杆气缸263水平固定于第一滑台216上，气源261控制活塞滑块264在无杆气缸263上作水平直线运动，所述无杆气缸263位于所述激光传感器24上方，活塞滑块264与无杆气缸263滑动连接，所述喷管23固定于活塞滑块264，所述电磁阀262连接在所述气源261与所述活塞滑块264之间，以驱动活塞滑块264做水平运动。
具体地，PLC30分别与电机211、电磁阀262和激光传感器24电信号连接，根据激光传感器24接收的信号，PLC30控制电机211驱动第一滑台216和第二滑台217的上下移动或停止；PLC30控制电磁阀262驱动活塞滑块264的左右移动或停止。
进一步地，所述第一驱动机构21还包括连接块218，第一滑台216与第二滑台217通过连接块218连接，确保第一滑台216和第二滑台217在移动过程中保持间距相等。
本实施例中，在数控机床需要对刀时，PLC30启动电机211，电机211驱动第一滑台216和第二滑台217同时向下移动到最大行程并停止；然后同时激光传感器24开始工作并发射激光信号和接收激光信号，电机211驱动第一滑台216和第二滑台217向上移动，当激光传感器24接收到刀具反射回的激光信号时，立马回传信息给PLC30，确定此处为刀头，此时PLC30控制电机停止驱动喷管23和激光传感器上移；然后PLC30控制电机211驱动第一滑台216和第二滑台217下移，移动的距离为喷管23和激光传感器24的垂直距离，使第一滑台216上喷管23的喷嘴与刀具的刀头在同一水平面上，同时PLC30打开电磁阀262，电磁阀262驱动活塞滑块264移动到水平最大行程，使得喷管23的喷嘴对准刀头。
在本实施例中，该自动对刀喷嘴装置可以在数控机床需要对刀时，准确地判断刀具的刀头位置，将喷嘴对准刀头及加工区域，省去了人工调整喷嘴的过程，提高喷嘴与加工区域对准的精确度，减少材料损耗，提高加工效率，在不使用该自动对刀喷嘴装置时，可以通过无杆气缸263将喷管23收回，使喷管23远离刀具，防止喷管23触碰到数控机床夹具与工作台等。本实施例的自动对刀喷嘴装置更为简单，无须改造数控机床的结构，降低企业的改造成本。
[第四实施例]
如图8所示，本发明第四实施例提供了一种自动对刀方法，包括：
在数控机床需要对刀时，PLC30控制第一驱动机构21驱动激光传感器24和所喷管23向下移动到最大行程并停止；
所述激光传感器24开始工作，同时所述PLC30控制所述第一驱动机构21驱动所述激光传感器24和所述喷管23向上移动，当所述激光传感器24感应到刀具时，确定此处为刀头，所述PLC30控制所述第一驱动机构21停止驱动所述激光传感器24和所述喷管23上移；
所述PLC30控制所述第一驱动机构21驱动所述激光传感器24和所述喷管23向下移动一段固定行程，使所述喷管23的喷嘴与所述刀具的刀头对准。
进一步地，所述自动对刀方法还包括：在自动对刀开始之前，所述PLC30控制第二驱动机构26驱动所述喷管23做水平运动以使所述喷管23远离刀具；在自动对刀完成后，所述PLC30控制所述第二驱动机构26驱动所述喷管23做水平运动以使所述喷管23靠近刀具。
在本实施例中，该自动对刀方法可以在数控机床需要对刀时，准确地判断刀具的刀头位置，将喷嘴对准刀头及加工区域，省去了人工调整喷嘴的过程，提高喷嘴与加工区域对准的精确度，提高加工效率。
上述实施方式只是发明的实施例，不是用来限制发明的实施与权利范围，凡依据本发明专利所申请的保护范围中所述的内容做出的等效变化和修饰，均应包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
 工业实用性
使外冷数控机床的润滑喷嘴在数控机床开始加工前或者换刀准备加工前，通过所述自动对刀喷嘴装置和自动对刀方法能够准确地判断刀具的刀头位置，并将喷管的喷嘴与刀头自动对准，提高润滑喷嘴的对刀效率。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种自动对刀喷嘴装置，其特征在于，包括自动对刀喷嘴(20)和PLC(30)，所述自动对刀喷嘴(20)包括第一驱动机构(21)、激光传感器(24)和喷管(23)，所述激光传感器(24)和所述喷管(23)与所述第一驱动机构(21)连接，所述PLC(30)与所述第一驱动机构(21)和所述激光传感器(24)电信号连接，所述第一驱动机构(21)用于驱动所述激光传感器(24)和所述喷管(23)上下移动，所述激光传感器(24)用于感应刀具的刀头位置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自动对刀喷嘴装置，其特征在于，所述第一驱动机构(21)包括电机(211)、丝杆滑台(212)、丝杆(213)和连接杆(214)，所述电机(211)与所述丝杆(213)连接，所述丝杆(213)与所述丝杆滑台(212)螺纹连接，所述丝杆滑台(212)与所述连接杆(214)固定连接，所述激光传感器(24)和所述喷管(23)分别与所述连接杆(214)连接，所述电机(211)驱动所述丝杆(213)的转动转化为带动所述丝杆滑台(212)上下移动，从而驱动所述连接杆(214)上下移动。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的自动对刀喷嘴装置，其特征在于，所述第一驱动机构(21)包括电机(211)、丝杆(215)、第一滑台(216)和第二滑台(217)，所述电机(211)与所述丝杆(215)连接，所述丝杆(215)分别与所述第一滑台(216)和所述第二滑台(217)螺纹连接，所述喷管(23)与所述第一滑台(216)连接，所述激光传感器(24)与所述第二滑台(217)连接，所述电机(211)驱动所述丝杆(215)的转动转化为带动所述第一滑台(216)和所述第二滑台(217)上下移动。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的自动对刀喷嘴装置，其特征在于，所述第一驱动机构(21)为气缸或油缸。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的自动对刀喷嘴装置，其特征在于，所述自动对刀喷嘴(20)还包括固定板(25)，所述第一驱动机构(21)设置在所述固定板(25)上。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的自动对刀喷嘴装置，其特征在于，所述自动对刀喷嘴(20)还包括第二驱动机构(26)，所述第二驱动机构(26)安装在所述第一驱动机构(21)上，所述喷管(23)与所述第二驱动机构(26)连接，所述第二驱动机构(26)驱动所述喷管(23)做水平运动。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的自动对刀喷嘴装置，其特征在于，所述PLC(30)还与所述第二驱动机构(26)电信号连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的自动对刀喷嘴装置，其特征在于，所述第二驱动机构(26)包括气源(261)、电磁阀(262)、无杆气缸(263)和活塞滑块(264)，所述无杆气缸(263)为横向设置，所述电磁阀(262)连接在所述气源(261)与所述活塞滑块(264)之间，所述喷管(23)安装在所述活塞滑块(264)上，所述PLC(30)与所述电磁阀(262)电信号连接。
  9. 一种自动对刀方法，应用于一种自动对刀喷嘴装置，其特征在于，所述自动对刀方法包括：
    在数控机床需要对刀时，PLC(30)控制第一驱动机构(21)驱动激光传感器(24)和喷管(23)向下移动到最大行程并停止；
    所述激光传感器(24)开始工作，同时所述PLC(30)控制所述第一驱动机构(21)驱动所述激光传感器(24)和所述喷管(23)向上移动，当所述激光传感器(24)感应到刀具时，确定此处为刀头，所述PLC(30)控制所述第一驱动机构(21)停止驱动所述激光传感器(24)和所述喷管(23)上移；
    所述PLC(30)控制所述第一驱动机构(21)驱动所述激光传感器(24)和所述喷管(23)向下移动一段固定行程，使所述喷管(23)的喷嘴与所述刀具的刀头对准。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的自动对刀方法，其特征在于，所述自动对刀方法还包括：在自动对刀开始之前，所述PLC(30)控制第二驱动机构(26)驱动所述喷管(23)做水平运动以使所述喷管(23)远离刀具；在自动对刀完成后，所述PLC(30)控制所述第二驱动机构(26)驱动所述喷管(23)做水平运动以使所述喷管(23)靠近刀具。
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