WO2019062130A1 - 电机转子、永磁电机和压缩机 - Google Patents

电机转子、永磁电机和压缩机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019062130A1
WO2019062130A1 PCT/CN2018/086247 CN2018086247W WO2019062130A1 WO 2019062130 A1 WO2019062130 A1 WO 2019062130A1 CN 2018086247 W CN2018086247 W CN 2018086247W WO 2019062130 A1 WO2019062130 A1 WO 2019062130A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
motor
stator
permanent magnet
shaped structure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/086247
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
乔正忠
虞阳波
邱小华
Original Assignee
广东美芝制冷设备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201710915517.7A external-priority patent/CN107528400B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201721276125.2U external-priority patent/CN207612139U/zh
Application filed by 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 filed Critical 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司
Publication of WO2019062130A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019062130A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of compressors, and in particular to a motor rotor, a permanent magnet motor and a compressor.
  • Permanent magnet synchronous motor is a kind of motor with a layer of permanent magnet inside the rotor, mainly using permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque.
  • IPM Permanent magnet synchronous motor
  • the miniaturization of compressor has become a hot spot in the industry research and application.
  • the subject, the permanent magnet motor using the conventional technology may face problems such as insufficient power density. Therefore, a permanent magnet motor structure having a higher power density is required.
  • the distance between the two ends of the permanent magnet under the same pole is more than 0.3 times the maximum diameter of the rotor.
  • this kind of structure can meet the performance requirements of the conventional compressor, it is not suitable for the miniaturized permanent magnet motor. Preparation, therefore, how to set up a permanent magnet motor that meets the requirements for miniaturization and has a higher power density has become a technical problem to be solved.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet motor.
  • an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a rotor for an electric machine, which is suitable for a compressor, comprising: a rotor core, and a plurality of sets of receiving grooves are formed on an end surface of the rotor core along a circumferential direction of the rotor core; a plurality of permanent magnets are correspondingly embedded in the plurality of sets of receiving grooves, and the permanent magnets in each set of receiving grooves form magnetic poles, wherein the number of magnetic poles is greater than or equal to 8, and less than or equal to 12, and the distance between the two ends of the magnetic pole is L, the outer diameter of the rotor core is D1, 0.18 ⁇ D1 ⁇ L ⁇ 0.28 ⁇ D1.
  • the rotor of the motor comprises a rotor core and a plurality of sets of receiving slots formed on the rotor core, and the receiving slots are used for embedding permanent magnets, so that each set of receiving slots forms a magnetic pole after embedding the permanent magnets,
  • the number of magnetic poles is limited to be greater than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 12, and the motor rotor and the motor stator are operated in cooperation with the motor stator by increasing the magnetic pole setting compared with the prior art motor rotor having 4 or 6 magnetic poles.
  • the number of magnetic poles can be increased to have a higher power density, and on the other hand, by limiting the number of magnetic poles, it can be reduced.
  • the size of the small motor rotor in turn, enables the miniaturization of the compressor using the motor.
  • each group of receiving slots may include one or more receiving slots according to the shape of the magnetic poles.
  • L is the distance between the two end points of the corresponding one permanent magnet.
  • L is the distance between the two outermost end points of the magnetic poles formed by the corresponding plurality of permanent magnets.
  • a plurality of sets of receiving grooves are formed on the end faces of the rotor core along the circumferential direction of the rotor core, that is, the end points of each group of receiving grooves are connected end to end to be configured in an annular shape.
  • the permanent magnet is a rare earth cobalt member or a neodymium iron boron member.
  • the set size and the set position of the magnetic pole can be determined, and the size of the motor rotor can be adjusted to meet the preparation requirements of the motor miniaturization, and the power density of the motor can be correspondingly improved by reducing the volume of the motor.
  • the outer peripheral diameter of the rotor core is the largest outer peripheral diameter
  • motor rotor in the above embodiment provided by the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
  • a line between a midpoint between adjacent two sets of receiving grooves and an axis of a rotating shaft of the rotor core forms a first line
  • the shaft, the adjacent two sets of receiving grooves are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first axis; the line between the center point of any one of the receiving grooves and the axis forms a second axis, and the two ends of the magnetic pole are symmetrically arranged with respect to the second axis.
  • the magnetic pole is realized on the rotor core.
  • each set of the permanent magnets embedded in the groove is formed by a magnetic one-shaped structure, a V-shaped structure and a U-shaped structure, or a combination of at least two structures.
  • the magnetic pole can have various structural forms, and can be a single structure, such as being arranged in a shape, that is, realized by a permanent magnet. It has a V-shaped structure or a U-shaped structure, and may also be a combination of two or more structures, such as a one-line + V-shaped combination, a one-shaped shape + a U-shaped combination, two one-shaped shapes arranged side by side, etc., on the one hand, It satisfies the requirements of various magnetic pole setting structures to adapt to different use requirements. On the other hand, when using non-inline structure setting, it is also beneficial to increase the air gap magnetic density of permanent magnets, thereby improving the output torque of the motor. , thereby further increasing the power density of the motor.
  • the magnetic poles may also be other symmetrical structural forms about the second axis, such as a circular arc structure.
  • the permanent magnets under the same pole of the rotor of the motor are arranged in a "one" shape, and the width of the permanent magnets is L.
  • the permanent magnets under the same pole of the rotor of the motor are arranged in a "V" shape, and the distance L between the ends of the poles is smaller than the sum of the widths of all the permanent magnets.
  • the number of the receiving slots of each group is three, so that the magnetic poles of the U-shaped structure are formed by splicing three permanent magnets embedded in the receiving slots, wherein each group of U-shaped The magnetic poles of the structure are symmetrically arranged with respect to the second axis, and the magnetic poles of the adjacent two U-shaped structures are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first axis.
  • a three-shaped adjacent storage groove is formed to form a U-shaped structure, and then a U-shaped magnetic pole is formed by embedding three permanent magnets, and when the L is constant, the permanent magnet is compared with the V-shaped structure.
  • the overall width is larger, which further enhances the operating efficiency of the motor during motor operation.
  • the receiving groove of the V-shaped structure and the receiving groove of the one-shaped structure are arranged side by side in the radial direction of the cross section.
  • the realization of the multi-layer permanent magnet may also be a plurality of preparation methods such as a linear permanent magnet arranged side by side, a circular arc permanent magnet arranged side by side, a V-shaped permanent magnet arranged side by side, and the like.
  • both ends of each of the sets of receiving grooves are respectively extended outward to form a mounting groove of the permanent magnet, wherein the mounting groove can fill the magnetic shielding material.
  • the installation groove on the one hand, the installation of the permanent magnet can be facilitated, and on the other hand, the magnetic isolation material can be filled in the installation groove, and the interference between the adjacent two permanent magnets can be reduced.
  • the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention provides a permanent magnet motor suitable for a compressor, comprising: a motor rotor according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention; a motor stator correspondingly disposed outside the rotor of the motor, the stator of the motor
  • the stator core and the windings wound on the stator core are provided with a plurality of stator slots on the inner wall of the stator core, and the plurality of stator slots are distributed along the circumference, and respectively, the two end faces of the stator core are respectively turned on,
  • the stator teeth are formed between any two adjacent stator slots, wherein the outer diameter of the stator core is D2, 0.09 ⁇ D2 ⁇ L ⁇ 0.18 ⁇ D2.
  • the permanent magnet motor comprises a stator core, a winding, a rotor core and a permanent magnet, and by defining a dimension relationship between the outer diameter D2 of the stator core and L, combined with the outer diameter D1 of the rotor core and The dimensional relationship between L indirectly defines the dimensional relationship between D1 and D2, thereby determining the outer peripheral diameter of the stator core when determining the outer peripheral diameter of the rotor core, or determining the outer peripheral diameter of the stator core,
  • the outer diameter of the rotor core on the one hand, in the miniaturized high power density application, the miniaturization of the permanent magnet motor is achieved, and the power density is higher than that of the conventional motor.
  • the small volume motor is used to replace the large
  • the copper loss ratio of the motor is significantly larger than the iron loss ratio, and the permanent magnet motor structure and parameters in the present application can effectively reduce the copper loss of the permanent magnet motor compared with the conventional motor, thereby further improving the permanent magnet motor. Performance.
  • the outer peripheral diameter D1 of the rotor core is 300 mm (circumference is 942 mm), correspondingly 54 mm ⁇ L ⁇ 84 mm, since 0.18 ⁇ D1 ⁇ L ⁇ 0.28 ⁇ D1, and 0.09 ⁇ D2 ⁇ L ⁇ 0.18 ⁇ D2, Then, the corresponding value can be considered as 1.56 ⁇ D1 ⁇ D2 ⁇ 2 ⁇ D1, so that the size value of D2 can be determined on the premise of determining D1.
  • the number of stator slots is greater than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to 14.
  • stator slots by limiting the number of stator slots to be greater than or equal to 10, or less than or equal to 14, it is possible to adapt to a motor rotor having a number of magnetic poles greater than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 12. In order to achieve the optimal performance setting of the permanent magnet motor.
  • the combination of the number of stator slots and the number of magnetic poles includes: the number of stator slots is 10 + the number of magnetic poles is 8 combinations, the number of stator slots is 12 + the number of magnetic poles is 10 combinations, and the number of stator slots is 14 + The number of magnetic poles is 12 combinations and the like.
  • the winding is wound around the stator teeth in the form of a concentrated winding.
  • the concentrated winding is applied to a salient pole stator, which is usually wound into a rectangular coil, and the warp yarn is wrapped and shaped, and then dried by dipping paint, and then wound around the stator of the motor.
  • a salient pole stator which is usually wound into a rectangular coil, and the warp yarn is wrapped and shaped, and then dried by dipping paint, and then wound around the stator of the motor.
  • the winding can reduce the manufacturing cost, and on the other hand, meets the preparation requirements of the miniaturized permanent magnet motor.
  • each phase winding includes 4 coil groups, and each coil group includes a multi-turn coil.
  • the number of corresponding magnetic poles may be 10.
  • the stator windings are concentrated windings, and the stator windings are wound around each stator tooth, and each phase winding has 4 a coil group, each coil group has a plurality of turns, and the currents of the four coil sets of the same phase winding generate an electromagnetic field at the teeth of the stator, and at the same time, the direction of the magnetic field generated by the two coil sets in the stator teeth along the stator Radially inward, the direction of the magnetic field generated by the other two coil sets in the stator tooth portion is radially outward of the stator, and the winding directions of the two coil groups and the other two coil groups of the same phase may be different.
  • a reverse magnetic field is generated to realize the specific setting of the winding of the miniaturized permanent magnet motor.
  • An embodiment of the third aspect of the invention proposes a compressor comprising the permanent magnet motor of the embodiment of the second aspect of the invention.
  • the compressor of the present invention further includes a compression member such as a cylinder, a main bearing, a sub-bearing, a piston, and a crankshaft.
  • a compression member such as a cylinder, a main bearing, a sub-bearing, a piston, and a crankshaft.
  • the permanent magnet motor is used as a component in the compressor by increasing the power density of the permanent magnet motor to meet the preparation requirements of miniaturization of the permanent magnet motor. Further, it is possible to realize the miniaturization of the compressor while increasing the operating power of the compressor.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a rotor of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a plan view showing the planar structure of the rotor core of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a plan view showing the planar structure of a rotor of a motor according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing a rotor of a motor according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a plan view showing the planar structure of a rotor of a motor according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a plan view showing the structure of a permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a plan view showing the planar structure of a motor stator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a compressor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 1 through 5 An electric machine rotor in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention is described below with reference to FIGS. 1 through 5.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • a motor rotor 10 is applied to a compressor, and includes a rotor core 102 on which end faces of the rotor core 102 are opened in the circumferential direction of the rotor core 102.
  • the plurality of permanent magnets 104 are correspondingly embedded in the plurality of sets of receiving grooves 1022.
  • the permanent magnets 104 in each set of receiving grooves 1022 form magnetic poles, wherein the number of magnetic poles is greater than or equal to 8, and less than or equal to 12,
  • the distance between the ends of the magnetic pole is L, and the outer diameter of the rotor core 102 is D1, 0.18 ⁇ D1 ⁇ L ⁇ 0.28 ⁇ D1.
  • the motor rotor 10 includes a rotor core 102 and a plurality of sets of receiving slots 1022 formed on the rotor core 102.
  • the receiving slots 1022 are used to embed the permanent magnets 104 so that each set of receiving slots 1022 is embedded in the permanent
  • the magnet 104 is formed with a magnetic pole, and by limiting the number of magnetic poles to be greater than or equal to eight and less than or equal to twelve, by increasing the magnetic pole setting compared with the prior art motor rotor 10 in which four or six magnetic poles are disposed.
  • the motor rotor 10 When the motor rotor 10 is operated in cooperation with the motor stator 20, on the one hand, by defining the dimensional relationship between the outer diameter of the rotor core and the distance between the magnetic pole ends, the number of magnetic poles can be increased to have a higher power density, and On the one hand, by limiting the number of magnetic poles, the size of the motor rotor 10 can be reduced, and the miniaturization of the compressor using the motor can be realized.
  • each group of receiving grooves 1022 may include one or more receiving grooves 1022 according to the shape of the magnetic poles.
  • L is between the two end points of the corresponding one permanent magnet 104.
  • the distance between each of the plurality of sets of receiving grooves 1022 is L, which is the distance between the two outermost end points of the magnetic poles formed by the corresponding plurality of permanent magnets 104.
  • the end faces of the rotor core 102 are provided with a plurality of sets of receiving grooves 1022 along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 102, that is, the end points of each of the sets of receiving grooves 1022 are connected end to end to be configured in a ring shape.
  • the permanent magnet 104 is a rare earth cobalt member or a neodymium iron boron member.
  • the outer peripheral diameter D1 of the rotor core 102 is 300 mm (circumference is 942 mm), correspondingly 54 mm ⁇ L ⁇ 84 mm, the outer diameter of the rotor core 102
  • the set size and the set position of the magnetic pole can be determined, and the size of the motor rotor 10 can be adjusted to meet the preparation requirements of the miniaturization of the motor, and the power density of the motor can be correspondingly increased by reducing the volume of the motor.
  • the outer peripheral diameter of the rotor core 102 is the largest outer peripheral diameter.
  • motor rotor 10 in the above embodiment provided by the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
  • each of the rotor cores 102 preferably, at the cross section of each of the rotor cores 102, the midpoint between the adjacent two sets of receiving grooves 1022 and the rotation of the rotor core 102 are shown.
  • the line between the axes of the shafts forms a first axis q, and the adjacent two sets of receiving grooves 1022 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first axis q; the connection between the center point of any one of the receiving grooves 1022 and the axis forms the first
  • the two axes d, the magnetic pole ends are symmetrically arranged with respect to the second axis d.
  • the magnetic pole is realized in the rotor
  • the uniform distribution on the iron core 102 is beneficial to increase the reluctance torque, thereby increasing the output torque of the motor to increase the power density of the motor.
  • each of the sets of the permanent magnets 104 embedded in the receiving groove 1022 forms a magnetic one-shaped structure, a V-shaped structure and a U-shaped structure. Or a combination of at least two structures.
  • the magnetic pole may have various structural forms under the premise that 0.18 ⁇ D1 ⁇ L ⁇ 0.28 ⁇ D1 is satisfied, and may be a single structure, such as being arranged in a shape, that is, by a permanent magnet 104.
  • V-shaped structure or U-shaped structure can also be a combination of two or more structures, such as a one-shaped + V-shaped combination, a one-shaped + U-shaped combination, two one-shaped side by side arrangement, etc. It satisfies the requirements of various magnetic pole setting structures to adapt to different use requirements.
  • it is also beneficial to increase the air gap magnetic density of the permanent magnets 104, thereby improving the output of the motor. Torque, which further increases the power density of the motor.
  • the magnetic poles may also be other symmetrical structural forms about the second axis d, such as a circular arc structure.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the permanent magnets 104 under the same pole of the motor rotor 10 are arranged in a "one" shape, and the width of the permanent magnets 104 is L.
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • the permanent magnets 104 under the same pole of the motor rotor 10 are arranged in a "V" shape, and the distance L between the ends of the magnetic poles is smaller than the sum of the widths of all the permanent magnets 104.
  • Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
  • the number of the receiving grooves 1022 is three, so that the magnetic poles of the U-shaped structure are spliced by the three permanent magnets 104 embedded in the receiving groove 1022.
  • a U-shaped structure is formed by opening three adjacent storage grooves 1022, and a U-shaped magnetic pole is formed by embedding three permanent magnets 104.
  • L is constant, compared with the V-shaped structure, The total width of the permanent magnets 104 is larger, which further improves the operating efficiency of the motor during operation of the motor.
  • Embodiment 5 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 5:
  • the receiving groove 1022 of the V-shaped structure and the receiving groove 1022 of the one-shaped structure are in cross section. Radial side by side settings.
  • the magnetic pole-arranged structure by combining the magnetic pole-arranged structure with the V-shaped structure, it is equivalent to placing the multilayer permanent magnet 104 in the direction of the second axis d, since the magnetic resistance of the permanent magnet 104 itself is large,
  • the air permeability is equivalent, so the inductance Ld in the second axis d direction is small, and in the first axis q direction, since the rotor core 102 itself has a high magnetic permeability, the inductance in the first axis q direction
  • the Lq is large, so the reluctance torque of the motor rotor 10 is increased, thereby increasing the output torque of the motor, thereby improving the efficiency of the motor, and by improving the efficiency of the motor, it can be improved by using a high-performance permanent magnet 104 material such as a rare earth.
  • the motor efficiency scheme is beneficial to reduce the amount of rare earth, which saves energy and reduces environmental burden. On the other hand, it reduces costs and enhances product competitiveness.
  • the implementation of the multilayer permanent magnets 104 may also be in-line permanent magnets 104 arranged side by side.
  • the implementation of the multi-layer permanent magnets 104 may also be arc-shaped permanent magnets 104 arranged side by side.
  • the implementation of the multi-layer permanent magnets 104 may also be a plurality of preparation methods such as V-shaped permanent magnets 104 arranged side by side.
  • both ends of each group of receiving grooves 1022 extend outwardly to form a mounting groove 1024 of the permanent magnet 104, wherein the mounting groove 1024 can fill the magnetic shielding material.
  • the mounting groove 1024 by providing the mounting groove 1024, on the one hand, the mounting of the permanent magnet 104 can be facilitated, and on the other hand, the magnetic insulating material can be filled in the mounting groove 1024, and the two permanent magnets 104 disposed adjacent to each other can be reduced. Interference between.
  • a permanent magnet motor in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention is described below with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • a permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present invention is applicable to a compressor, comprising: the motor rotor 10 according to any of the above embodiments; the motor stator 20 is correspondingly sleeved on the outside of the motor rotor 10.
  • the motor stator 20 includes a stator core 202 and a winding 204 wound around the stator core 202.
  • a plurality of stator slots are defined in the inner wall of the stator core 202, and a plurality of stator slots are circumferentially distributed, and the stator cores are respectively respectively
  • the two end faces of the 202 are electrically connected to form stator teeth between any two adjacent stator slots, wherein the outer diameter of the stator core 202 is D2, 0.09 ⁇ D2 ⁇ L ⁇ 0.18 ⁇ D2.
  • the permanent magnet motor includes a stator core 202, a winding 204, a rotor core 102, and a permanent magnet 104, which are coupled to the rotor core by defining a peripheral relationship between the outer diameter D2 of the stator core 202 and L.
  • the dimensional relationship between the outer peripheral diameters D1 and L of 102 indirectly defines the dimensional relationship between D1 and D2, thereby determining the outer peripheral diameter of the stator core 202 when determining the outer peripheral diameter of the rotor core 102, or determining the stator When the outer diameter of the core 202 is determined, the outer diameter of the rotor core 102 is determined.
  • the miniaturization of the permanent magnet motor is achieved, and the power density is higher than that of the conventional motor.
  • the copper loss ratio of the motor is significantly larger than the iron loss ratio, and the permanent magnet motor structure and parameters in the present application can effectively reduce the permanent magnet motor compared with the conventional motor.
  • the copper loss further enhances the performance of the permanent magnet motor.
  • the outer circumferential diameter D1 of the rotor core 102 is 300 mm (circumference is 942 mm), correspondingly 54 mm ⁇ L ⁇ 84 mm, since 0.18 ⁇ D1 ⁇ L ⁇ 0.28 ⁇ D1, and 0.09 ⁇ D2 ⁇ L ⁇ 0.18 ⁇ D2 Then, the corresponding value can be considered as 1.56 ⁇ D1 ⁇ D2 ⁇ 2 ⁇ D1, so that the size value of D2 can be determined on the premise of determining D1.
  • the number of stator slots is greater than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to 14.
  • stator slots by limiting the number of stator slots to be greater than or equal to 10, or less than or equal to 14, it is possible to adapt to the motor rotor 10 having a number of magnetic poles greater than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 12. Matching, thus achieving optimal performance settings for permanent magnet motors.
  • the combination of the number of stator slots and the number of magnetic poles includes: the number of stator slots is 10 + the number of magnetic poles is 8 combinations, the number of stator slots is 12 + the number of magnetic poles is 10 combinations, and the number of stator slots is 14 + The number of magnetic poles is 12 combinations and the like.
  • the winding 204 is wound around the stator teeth in the form of a concentrated winding 204.
  • the concentrated winding 204 is applied to a salient pole type stator, usually wound into a rectangular coil, and the warp yarn is wrapped and shaped, and then dried by dipping paint, and then wound around the motor stator 20, on the one hand,
  • the concentrated winding 204 can reduce the manufacturing cost, and on the other hand, satisfies the preparation requirements of the miniaturized permanent magnet motor.
  • each phase winding 204 includes four coil groups, and each coil group includes Multi-turn coils.
  • the number of corresponding magnetic poles may be 10.
  • the stator winding 204 is a concentrated winding 204, and the stator winding 204 is wound around each stator tooth, and each phase winding 204 has four coil sets, each coil set has a plurality of turns, and the currents of the four coil sets of the same phase winding 204 generate an electromagnetic field at the stator teeth, and at the same time, two coil sets are generated in the stator teeth.
  • the direction of the magnetic field is radially inward along the stator, and the other two coil sets are radially outward of the stator in the direction of the magnetic field generated by the stator teeth. It is also possible to wind the two coil sets of the same phase and the other two coil sets.
  • the direction setting is different to realize the generation of the reverse magnetic field, thereby realizing the specific setting of the winding 204 of the miniaturized permanent magnet motor.
  • a compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the permanent magnet motor described in the above embodiment of the present invention.
  • the compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a compression member such as the cylinder 30, the main bearing 40, the sub-bearing 50, the piston 60, and the crankshaft 70.
  • a compression member such as the cylinder 30, the main bearing 40, the sub-bearing 50, the piston 60, and the crankshaft 70.
  • the permanent magnet motor is used as a component in the compressor by increasing the power density of the permanent magnet motor to meet the preparation requirements of miniaturization of the permanent magnet motor. Further, it is possible to realize the miniaturization of the compressor while increasing the operating power of the compressor.
  • the terms “first”, “second”, and “third” are used for the purpose of description only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term “plurality” means two or two. Above, unless otherwise explicitly defined.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like should be understood broadly. For example, “connecting” may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; “connected” may They are directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • the description of the terms “one embodiment”, “some embodiments”, “specific embodiments” and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments or examples are included in the present invention. At least one embodiment or example.
  • the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
  • the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

一种电机转子、永磁电机和压缩机，其中，电机转子（10）包括：转子铁芯（102），转子铁芯（102）的端面上沿转子铁芯的周向开设多组容纳槽（1022）；多个永磁体（104），对应嵌设于多组容纳槽（1022）内，每组容纳槽（1022）内的永磁体（104）形成磁极，其中，磁极的数量大于或等于8，并小于或等于12，磁极两端之间的距离为L，转子铁芯的外周直径为D1，0.18×D1≤L≤0.28×D1。通过限定转子铁芯的外周直径与磁极两端距离之间的尺寸关系，配合磁极数量的增加，能够具有更高的功率密度，通过限定磁极的数量，能够减小电机转子的尺寸，进而实现电机的小型化设置。

Description

电机转子、永磁电机和压缩机
本申请要求于2017年09月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710915517.7、发明名称为“电机转子、永磁电机和压缩机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请要求于2017年09月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201721276125.2、发明名称为“电机转子、永磁电机和压缩机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及压缩机领域，具体而言，涉及一种电机转子、一种永磁电机和一种压缩机。
背景技术
永磁同步电动机(IPM)是一种在转子内侧放置一层永磁体、主要利用永磁转矩、磁阻转矩为辅助的电机，近年来，压缩机的小型化成为行业研究与应用的热点课题，采用传统技术的永磁电机，小型化可能面临功率密度不足等问题。因此，需要具有更高功率密度的永磁电机结构。
相关技术中，同一极下的永磁体的两端之间的距离是转子最大直径的0.3倍以上，该种结构虽然能够满足常规性压缩机的性能需求，但是不适用于小型化永磁电机的制备，因此，如何设置一种满足小型化制备需求，并且具有较高功率密度的永磁电机，成为亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题至少之一，本发明的一个目的在于提供一种电机转子。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种永磁电机。
本发明的再一个目的在于提供一种压缩机。
为了实现上述目的，本发明第一方面的实施例提出了一种电机转子，适用于压缩机，包括：转子铁芯，转子铁芯的端面上沿转子铁芯的周向开设多组容纳槽；多个永磁体，对应嵌设于多组容纳槽内，每组容纳槽内的永磁体形成磁极，其中，磁极的数量大于或等于8，并小于或等于12，磁极两端之间的距离为L，转子铁芯的外周直径为D1，0.18×D1≤L≤0.28×D1。
在该技术方案中，电机转子包括转子铁芯与开设在转子铁芯上的多组容纳槽，容纳槽用于嵌设永磁体，以使每组容纳槽在嵌入永磁体后形成一个磁极，通过将磁极的数量限定为大于或等于8个，并小于或等于12个，与现有技术中设置4个或6个磁极的电机转子相比，通过增加磁极设置，在电机转子与电机定子配合运行时，一方面，通过限定转子铁芯的外周直径与磁极两端距离之间的尺寸关系，配合磁极数量的增加，能够具有更高的功率密度，另一方面，通过限定磁极的数量，能够减小电机转子的尺寸，进而实现采用该电机的压缩机的小型化设置。
具体地，每组容纳槽，根据磁极的设置形状，可以包括一个或多个容纳槽，在每组容纳槽的数量为一个时，L为对应的一个永磁体两个端点之间的距离，在每组容纳槽的数量为多个时，L为对应的多个永磁体拼接形成的磁极的最外侧的两个端点之间的距离。
转子铁芯的端面上沿转子铁芯的周向开设多组容纳槽，即每一组容纳槽的端点首尾相连能够构造成环形形状。
其中，永磁体为稀土钴件或钕铁硼件。
具体地，通过限定0.18×D1≤L≤0.28×D1，假设转子铁芯的外周直径D1为300mm(周长为942mm)，则对应地54mm≤L≤84mm，在转子铁芯的外周直径确定时，即可确定磁极的设置尺寸与设置位置，通过调节电机转子的尺寸，满足电机小型化的制备需求，通过减小电机的体积，对应提高电机的功率密度。
另外，在转子铁芯的外表面为非光滑表面时，转子铁芯的外周直径为最大外周直径。
另外，本发明提供的上述实施例中的电机转子还可以具有如下附加技术特征：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，在每个转子铁芯的横截面上，相邻的两组容纳槽之间的中点与转子铁芯的旋转轴的轴心之间的连线形成第一轴，相邻的两组容纳槽相对第一轴对称设置；任意一组容纳槽的中心点与轴心之间的连线形成第二轴，磁极两端相对第二轴对称设置。
在该技术方案中，通过将相邻的两组容纳槽设置为相对于第一轴对称设置，以及每个磁极的两端相对第二轴对称设置，一方面，实现了磁极在转子铁芯上的均布，另一方面，有利于提高磁阻转矩，进而提升电机的输出转矩，以提升电机的功率密度。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，每组容纳槽嵌设的永磁体形成的磁极为一形结构、V形结构与U形结构中的任意一种或至少两种结构的组合。
在该技术方案中，在满足0.18×D1≤L≤0.28×D1的前提下，磁极可以具有多种结构形式，可以为单独的一种结构，比如呈一字形设置，即通过一条永磁体实现，呈V形结构或呈U形结构，也可以为两种或两种以上结构的组合形式，比如一字形+V形组合，一字形+U形组合，两个一字形并排设置等，一方面，满足了多种磁极设置结构的需求，以适应不同的使用需求，另一方面，在采用非一字型结构设置时，还有利于提高永磁体的气隙磁密，进而提高电机的输出转矩，从而进一步提升电机的功率密度。
另外，磁极还可以为其它的关于第二轴对称的对称结构形式，比如圆弧结构等。
具体地，电机转子的同一极下的永磁体设置成“一”字形结构，永磁体的宽度即为L。
电机转子的同一极下的永磁体设置成“V”字形结构，则磁极两端的距离L小于所有的永磁体的宽度之和。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，每组容纳槽的数量为3个，以使U形结构的磁极通过3个嵌设于容纳槽内的永磁体拼接形成，其中，每一组U形结构的磁极相对第二轴对称设置，相邻的两个U形结构的磁极相对第一轴对称设置。
在该技术方案中，通过开设三个首尾相邻的容纳槽，以形成U形结构，进而通过嵌入三条永磁体，形成U形磁极，与V形结构相比，在L不变时， 永磁体的总宽度的尺寸更大，进而在电机运行过程中，能够进一步提升电机的运行效率。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，在磁极为一形结构与V形结构相组合形成时，V形结构的容纳槽与一形结构的容纳槽沿横截面的径向并排设置。
在该技术方案中，通过将磁极设置一型结构与V形结构相组合，相当于在第二轴的方向上放置了多层永磁体，由于永磁体本身的磁阻很大，与空气磁导率相当，因此在第二轴方向上的电感Ld较小，而在第一轴方向因为转子铁芯本身具有较高的磁导率，所以第一轴方向上的电感Lq较大，因此提高了电机转子的磁阻转矩，从而提高了电机输出转矩，也就提高了电动机效率，通过提高电动机效率，可以替代通过采用稀土类等高性能永磁体材料提高电机效率的方案，从而有利于减少稀土用量，一方面节约了能源，减轻了环境负担，另一方面降低了成本，提升了产品竞争力。
多层永磁体的实现，还可以是并排设置的一字形永磁体，并排设置的圆弧形永磁体，并排设置的V形永磁体等多种制备方式。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，每组容纳槽的两端分别向外侧延伸，以形成永磁体的安装槽，其中，安装槽能够填充隔磁材料。
在该技术方案中，通过设置安装槽，一方面，能够便于永磁体的安装，另一方面，还可以在安装槽内填充隔磁材料，能够降低相邻设置的两个永磁体之间的干扰。
本发明第二方面的实施例提出了一种永磁电机，适用于压缩机，包括：如本发明第一方面的实施例的电机转子；电机定子，对应套设于电机转子的外部，电机定子包括定子铁芯与绕设于定子铁芯上的绕组，定子铁芯的内壁上开设多个定子槽，多个定子槽沿周向分布，并分别使定子铁芯的两个端面导通，以使任意两个相邻的定子槽之间形成定子齿，其中，定子铁芯的外周直径为D2，0.09×D2≤L≤0.18×D2。
在该技术方案中，永磁电机包括定子铁芯、绕组、转子铁芯和永磁体，通过限定定子铁芯的外周直径D2，与L之间的尺寸关系，结合转子铁芯的外周直径D1与L之间的尺寸关系，间接限定了D1与D2之间的尺寸关系，从而在确定转子铁芯的外周直径时，确定定子铁芯的外周直径，或在确定定子铁芯 的外周直径时，确定转子铁芯的外周直径，一方面，在小型化高功率密度应用场合，在实现永磁电机小型化制备的同时，较传统电机具有更高的功率密度，另一方面，采用小体积电机替换大体积电机的场合，电机的铜损占比明显大于铁损占比，而本申请中的永磁电机结构及参数，对比传统电机，可有效降低永磁电机的铜损，从而进一步提升永磁电机的性能。
具体地，假设转子铁芯的外周直径D1为300mm(周长为942mm)，对应地54mm≤L≤84mm，由于0.18×D1≤L≤0.28×D1，而0.09×D2≤L≤0.18×D2，则对应的可以认为1.56×D1≤D2≤2×D1，从而在确定D1的前提下，即可确定D2的尺寸值。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，定子槽的数量大于或等于10个，并小于或等于14个。
在该技术方案中，通过将定子槽的数量限定为大于或等于10个，或小于或等于14个，能够与磁极数量为大于或等于8个，并小于或等于12个的电机转子相适配，从而实现永磁电机的性能最优化设置。
具体地，定子槽数量与磁极数量相配合的组合包括：定子槽数量为10个+磁极数量为8个组合，定子槽数量为12个+磁极的数量为10个组合，定子槽数量为14个+磁极的数量为12个组合等。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，绕组通过集中式绕组的形式，绕设于定子齿上。
在该技术方案中，集中式绕组应用于凸极式定子，通常绕制成矩形线圈，经纱带包扎定型，再经浸漆烘干处理后，绕设在电机定子上，一方面，采用集中式绕组，能够降低制备成本，另一方面，满足了小型化永磁电机的制备需求。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，在定子槽的数量为12个，绕组为三相绕组时，每相绕组包括4个线圈组，每个线圈组包括多匝线圈。
在该技术方案中，在定子槽的数量为12个时，对应的磁极的数量可以为10个，定子绕组采用集中式绕组，定子绕组绕设在每个定子齿上，每相绕组具有4个线圈组，每个线圈组具有若干匝线圈，同一相绕组的4个线圈组通入的电流，在定子齿部生成电磁场，同一时刻，其中两个线圈组在定子齿部产生的磁场方向沿定子径向向里，另外两个线圈组在定子齿部产生的磁场方向沿定 子径向向外，还可以将同一相的其中两个线圈组和另外两个线圈组的绕线方向设置不同，以实现生成反向磁场，进而实现小型化永磁电机的绕组的具体化设置。
本发明第三方面的实施例提出了一种压缩机，包括本发明第二方面的实施例所述的永磁电机。
其中，本发明的压缩机还包括：气缸、主轴承、副轴承、活塞以及曲轴等压缩部件。
在该技术方案中，通过采用上述实施例中限定的电机转子和电机定子，通过提高永磁电机的功率密度，以满足永磁电机小型化的制备需求，永磁电机作为压缩机中的一个组件，进而能够在提升压缩机的运行功率的同时，实现压缩机的小型化制备。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述部分中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的电机转子的平面结构示意图；
图2示出了图1中的转子铁芯的平面结构示意图；
图3示出了根据本发明的另一个实施例的电机转子的平面结构示意图；
图4示出了根据本发明的再一个实施例的电机转子的平面结构示意图；
图5示出了根据本发明的又一个实施例的电机转子的平面结构示意图；
图6示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的永磁电机的平面结构示意图；
图7示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的电机定子的平面结构示意图；
图8示出了根据本发明的实施例的压缩机的截面结构示意图。
其中，图1至图7中附图标记与部件名称之间的对应关系为：
10电机转子，102转子铁芯，1022容纳槽，104永磁体，1024安装槽，20电机定子，202定子铁芯，204绕组，30气缸，40主轴承，50副轴承，60活塞，70曲轴。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本发明的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明，但是，本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，因此，本发明的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
下面参照图1至图5描述根据本发明一些实施例的电机转子。
实施例一：
如图1至图5所示，根据本发明的实施例的电机转子10，适用于压缩机，包括：转子铁芯102，转子铁芯102的端面上沿转子铁芯102的周向开设多组容纳槽1022；多个永磁体104，对应嵌设于多组容纳槽1022内，每组容纳槽1022内的永磁体104形成磁极，其中，磁极的数量大于或等于8，并小于或等于12，磁极两端之间的距离为L，转子铁芯102的外周直径为D1，0.18×D1≤L≤0.28×D1。
在该实施例中，电机转子10包括转子铁芯102与开设在转子铁芯102上的多组容纳槽1022，容纳槽1022用于嵌设永磁体104，以使每组容纳槽1022在嵌入永磁体104后形成一个磁极，通过将磁极的数量限定为大于或等于8个，并小于或等于12个，与现有技术中设置4个或6个磁极的电机转子10相比，通过增加磁极设置，在电机转子10与电机定子20配合运行时，一方面，通过限定转子铁芯的外周直径与磁极两端距离之间的尺寸关系，配合磁极数量的增加，能够具有更高的功率密度，另一方面，通过限定磁极的数量，能够减小电机转子10的尺寸，进而实现采用该电机的压缩机的小型化设置。
具体地，每组容纳槽1022，根据磁极的设置形状，可以包括一个或多个容纳槽1022，在每组容纳槽1022的数量为一个时，L为对应的一个永磁体104两个端点之间的距离，在每组容纳槽1022的数量为多个时，L为对应的多个永磁体104拼接形成的磁极的最外侧的两个端点之间的距离。
转子铁芯102的端面上沿转子铁芯102的周向开设多组容纳槽1022，即 每一组容纳槽1022的端点首尾相连能够构造成环形形状。
其中，永磁体104为稀土钴件或钕铁硼件。
具体地，通过限定0.18×D1≤L≤0.28×D1，假设转子铁芯102的外周直径D1为300mm(周长为942mm)，则对应地54mm≤L≤84mm，在转子铁芯102的外周直径确定时，即可确定磁极的设置尺寸与设置位置，通过调节电机转子10的尺寸，满足电机小型化的制备需求，通过减小电机的体积，对应提高电机的功率密度。
另外，在转子铁芯102的外表面为非光滑表面时，转子铁芯102的外周直径为最大外周直径。
另外，本发明提供的上述实施例中的电机转子10还可以具有如下附加技术特征：
如图1与图3所示，在上述实施例中，优选地，在每个转子铁芯102的横截面上，相邻的两组容纳槽1022之间的中点与转子铁芯102的旋转轴的轴心之间的连线形成第一轴q，相邻的两组容纳槽1022相对第一轴q对称设置；任意一组容纳槽1022的中心点与轴心之间的连线形成第二轴d，磁极两端相对第二轴d对称设置。
在该实施例中，通过将相邻的两组容纳槽1022设置为相对于第一轴q对称设置，以及每个磁极的两端相对第二轴d对称设置，一方面，实现了磁极在转子铁芯102上的均布，另一方面，有利于提高磁阻转矩，进而提升电机的输出转矩，以提升电机的功率密度。
如图1至图5所示，在上述任一实施例中，优选地，每组容纳槽1022嵌设的永磁体104形成的磁极为一形结构、V形结构与U形结构中的任意一种或至少两种结构的组合。
在该实施例中，在满足0.18×D1≤L≤0.28×D1的前提下，磁极可以具有多种结构形式，可以为单独的一种结构，比如呈一字形设置，即通过一条永磁体104实现，呈V形结构或呈U形结构，也可以为两种或两种以上结构的组合形式，比如一字形+V形组合，一字形+U形组合，两个一字形并排设置等，一方面，满足了多种磁极设置结构的需求，以适应不同的使用需求，另一方面，在采用非一字型结构设置时，还有利于提高永磁体104的气隙磁密，进而提高 电机的输出转矩，从而进一步提升电机的功率密度。
另外，磁极还可以为其它的关于第二轴d对称的对称结构形式，比如圆弧结构等。
实施例二：
如图1所示，具体地，电机转子10的同一极下的永磁体104设置成“一”字形结构，永磁体104的宽度即为L。
实施例三：
如图3所示，电机转子10的同一极下的永磁体104设置成“V”字形结构，则磁极两端的距离L小于所有的永磁体104的宽度之和。
实施例四：
如图4所示，在上述任一实施例中，优选地，每组容纳槽1022的数量为3个，以使U形结构的磁极通过3个嵌设于容纳槽1022内的永磁体104拼接形成，其中，每一组U形结构的磁极相对第二轴d对称设置，相邻的两个U形结构的磁极相对第一轴q对称设置。
在该实施例中，通过开设三个首尾相邻的容纳槽1022，以形成U形结构，进而通过嵌入三条永磁体104，形成U形磁极，与V形结构相比，在L不变时，永磁体104的总宽度的尺寸更大，进而在电机运行过程中，能够进一步提升电机的运行效率。
实施例五：
如图5所示，在上述任一实施例中，优选地，在磁极为一形结构与V形结构相组合形成时，V形结构的容纳槽1022与一形结构的容纳槽1022沿横截面的径向并排设置。
在该实施例中，通过将磁极设置一型结构与V形结构相组合，相当于在第二轴d的方向上放置了多层永磁体104，由于永磁体104本身的磁阻很大，与空气磁导率相当，因此在第二轴d方向上的电感Ld较小，而在第一轴q方向因为转子铁芯102本身具有较高的磁导率，所以第一轴q方向上的电感Lq较大，因此提高了电机转子10的磁阻转矩，从而提高了电机输出转矩，也就提高了电动机效率，通过提高电动机效率，可以替代通过采用稀土类等高性能永磁体104材料提高电机效率的方案，从而有利于减少稀土用量，一方面节约 了能源，减轻了环境负担，另一方面降低了成本，提升了产品竞争力。
实施例六：
多层永磁体104的实现，还可以是并排设置的一字形永磁体104。
实施例七：
多层永磁体104的实现，还可以是并排设置的圆弧形永磁体104。
实施例八：
多层永磁体104的实现，还可以是并排设置的V形永磁体104等多种制备方式。
如图2所示，在上述任一实施例中，优选地，每组容纳槽1022的两端分别向外侧延伸，以形成永磁体104的安装槽1024，其中，安装槽1024能够填充隔磁材料。
在该实施例中，通过设置安装槽1024，一方面，能够便于永磁体104的安装，另一方面，还可以在安装槽1024内填充隔磁材料，能够降低相邻设置的两个永磁体104之间的干扰。
下面参照图6与图7描述根据本发明一些实施例的永磁电机。
实施例九：
如图6所示，根据本发明的实施例的永磁电机，适用于压缩机，包括：上述任一项实施例所述的电机转子10；电机定子20，对应套设于电机转子10的外部，电机定子20包括定子铁芯202与绕设于定子铁芯202上的绕组204，定子铁芯202的内壁上开设多个定子槽，多个定子槽沿周向分布，并分别使定子铁芯202的两个端面导通，以使任意两个相邻的定子槽之间形成定子齿，其中，定子铁芯202的外周直径为D2，0.09×D2≤L≤0.18×D2。
在该实施例中，永磁电机包括定子铁芯202、绕组204、转子铁芯102和永磁体104，通过限定定子铁芯202的外周直径D2，与L之间的尺寸关系，结合转子铁芯102的外周直径D1与L之间的尺寸关系，间接限定了D1与D2之间的尺寸关系，从而在确定转子铁芯102的外周直径时，确定定子铁芯202的外周直径，或在确定定子铁芯202的外周直径时，确定转子铁芯102的外周直径，一方面，在小型化高功率密度应用场合，在实现永磁电机小型化制备的同时，较传统电机具有更高的功率密度，另一方面，采用小体积电机替换大体 积电机的场合，电机的铜损占比明显大于铁损占比，而本申请中的永磁电机结构及参数，对比传统电机，可有效降低永磁电机的铜损，从而进一步提升永磁电机的性能。
具体地，假设转子铁芯102的外周直径D1为300mm(周长为942mm)，对应地54mm≤L≤84mm，由于0.18×D1≤L≤0.28×D1，而0.09×D2≤L≤0.18×D2，则对应的可以认为1.56×D1≤D2≤2×D1，从而在确定D1的前提下，即可确定D2的尺寸值。
在上述实施例中，优选地，定子槽的数量大于或等于10个，并小于或等于14个。
在该实施例中，通过将定子槽的数量限定为大于或等于10个，或小于或等于14个，能够与磁极数量为大于或等于8个，并小于或等于12个的电机转子10相适配，从而实现永磁电机的性能最优化设置。
具体地，定子槽数量与磁极数量相配合的组合包括：定子槽数量为10个+磁极数量为8个组合，定子槽数量为12个+磁极的数量为10个组合，定子槽数量为14个+磁极的数量为12个组合等。
如图7所示，在上述任一实施例中，优选地，绕组204通过集中式绕组204的形式，绕设于定子齿上。
在该实施例中，集中式绕组204应用于凸极式定子，通常绕制成矩形线圈，经纱带包扎定型，再经浸漆烘干处理后，绕设在电机定子20上，一方面，采用集中式绕组204，能够降低制备成本，另一方面，满足了小型化永磁电机的制备需求。
实施例十：
如图7所示，在上述任一实施例中，优选地，在定子槽的数量为12个，绕组204为三相绕组204时，每相绕组204包括4个线圈组，每个线圈组包括多匝线圈。
在该实施例中，在定子槽的数量为12个时，对应的磁极的数量可以为10个，定子绕组204采用集中式绕组204，定子绕组204绕设在每个定子齿上，每相绕组204具有4个线圈组，每个线圈组具有若干匝线圈，同一相绕组204的4个线圈组通入的电流，在定子齿部生成电磁场，同一时刻，其中两个线圈 组在定子齿部产生的磁场方向沿定子径向向里，另外两个线圈组在定子齿部产生的磁场方向沿定子径向向外，还可以将同一相的其中两个线圈组和另外两个线圈组的绕线方向设置不同，以实现生成反向磁场，进而实现小型化永磁电机的绕组204的具体化设置。
如图8所示，根据本发明的实施例压缩机，包括本发上述实施例所述的永磁电机。
具体地，根据本发明的实施例的压缩机，还包括：气缸30、主轴承40、副轴承50、活塞60以及曲轴70等压缩部件。
在该实施例中，通过采用上述实施例中限定的电机转子和电机定子，通过提高永磁电机的功率密度，以满足永磁电机小型化的制备需求，永磁电机作为压缩机中的一个组件，进而能够在提升压缩机的运行功率的同时，实现压缩机的小型化制备。
在本发明中，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性；术语“多个”则指两个或两个以上，除非另有明确的限定。术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；“相连”可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或单元必须具有特定的方向、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此，不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本说明书的描述中，术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“具体实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或实例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内， 所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电机转子，适用于压缩机，其特征在于，包括：
    转子铁芯，所述转子铁芯的端面上沿所述转子铁芯的周向开设多组容纳槽；
    多个永磁体，对应嵌设于所述多组容纳槽内，每组所述容纳槽内的所述永磁体形成磁极，
    其中，所述磁极的数量大于或等于8，并小于或等于12，所述磁极两端之间的距离为L，所述转子铁芯的外周直径为D1，0.18×D1≤L≤0.28×D1。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电机转子，其特征在于，
    在每个所述转子铁芯的横截面上，相邻的两组所述容纳槽之间的中点与所述转子铁芯的旋转轴的轴心之间的连线形成第一轴，相邻的两组所述容纳槽相对所述第一轴对称设置；
    任意一组所述容纳槽的中心点与所述轴心之间的连线形成第二轴，所述磁极两端相对所述第二轴对称设置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电机转子，其特征在于，
    每组所述容纳槽嵌设的所述永磁体形成的磁极为一形结构、V形结构与U形结构中的任意一种或至少两种结构的组合。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电机转子，其特征在于，
    每组所述容纳槽的数量为3个，以使所述U形结构的磁极通过3个嵌设于所述容纳槽内的所述永磁体拼接形成，
    其中，每一组所述U形结构的磁极相对所述第二轴对称设置，相邻的两个所述U形结构的磁极相对所述第一轴对称设置。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的电机转子，其特征在于，
    在所述磁极为所述一形结构与所述V形结构相组合形成时，所述V形结构的容纳槽与所述一形结构的容纳槽沿所述横截面的径向并排设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的电机转子，其特征在于，
    每组所述容纳槽的两端分别向外侧延伸，以形成所述永磁体的安装槽，
    其中，所述安装槽能够填充隔磁材料。
  7. 一种永磁电机，适用于压缩机，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的电机转子；
    电机定子，对应套设于所述电机转子的外部，所述电机定子包括定子铁芯与绕设于所述定子铁芯上的绕组，所述定子铁芯的内壁上开设多个定子槽，所述多个定子槽沿周向分布，并分别使所述定子铁芯的两个端面导通，以使任意两个相邻的所述定子槽之间形成定子齿，
    其中，所述定子铁芯的外周直径为D2，0.09×D2≤L≤0.18×D2。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的永磁电机，其特征在于，
    所述定子槽的数量大于或等于10个，并小于或等于14个。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的永磁电机，其特征在于，
    所述绕组通过集中式绕组的形式，绕设于所述定子齿上。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的永磁电机，其特征在于，
    在所述定子槽的数量为12个，所述绕组为三相绕组时，每相所述绕组包括4个线圈组，每个所述线圈组包括多匝线圈。
  11. 一种压缩机，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求7至10中任一项所述的永磁电机。
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