WO2019062050A1 - Procédé de commande de diffusion en direct, appareil et dispositif électronique - Google Patents

Procédé de commande de diffusion en direct, appareil et dispositif électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019062050A1
WO2019062050A1 PCT/CN2018/080929 CN2018080929W WO2019062050A1 WO 2019062050 A1 WO2019062050 A1 WO 2019062050A1 CN 2018080929 W CN2018080929 W CN 2018080929W WO 2019062050 A1 WO2019062050 A1 WO 2019062050A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
server
live
live broadcast
client
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PCT/CN2018/080929
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
何绍富
张文明
陈少杰
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武汉斗鱼网络科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2019062050A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019062050A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/21—Server components or server architectures
    • H04N21/218—Source of audio or video content, e.g. local disk arrays
    • H04N21/2187—Live feed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
    • H04N21/23106—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion involving caching operations

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of video technologies, and in particular, to a live control method, device, and electronic device.
  • the live broadcast industry has quickly entered people's lives.
  • Today it is mainly based on the official nginx+rtmp module to do live streaming.
  • the inventor's research when the live broadcast is conducted, there is a high probability that the live broadcast will be encountered.
  • the live video is in a black screen state, which seems to be unresponsive, because the live stream needs to wait for the frame to play. This has caused many users to think that they have failed to start the live stream during this time, and the user experience is poor.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a method, a device, and an electronic device for controlling a live broadcast, so as to improve the problem that a black screen is likely to occur when the live broadcast is started in the prior art, resulting in a poor user experience.
  • the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for controlling a live broadcast, which is applied to a server that can obtain a live broadcast and communicate with a client.
  • the method includes:
  • the play data includes a picture frame
  • the cached play data is sent to the client, and the client is accessed from the video stream obtained by the server, so that the client is cached.
  • the play data begins to play the video stream.
  • the step of buffering the latest play data in the live broadcast stream that reaches the server includes:
  • the play data in the latest preset number of key frames in the live push stream reaching the server is cached.
  • the step of buffering the play data in the latest preset number of key frames in the live push stream of the server that is pre-configured in the server includes:
  • the method for buffering the play data in the key frame includes:
  • the content of the data packet is stored in a manner of reference multiplexing, and the content of the data packet includes a picture frame.
  • the method further includes:
  • the data frame corresponding to the play data is discarded.
  • the method further includes:
  • the method further includes:
  • the live broadcast is not obtained by the preset duration, it is determined that the live broadcast ends, and all the play data buffered by the server is deleted.
  • the live control device includes:
  • a cache module configured to cache a latest number of play data in a live broadcast stream that reaches the server, where the play data includes a picture frame;
  • the control module is configured to: when receiving the play request sent by the client, send the cached play data to the client, and access the video stream obtained by the client from the server, so that the The client starts playing the video stream from the cached play data.
  • the cache module is specifically configured to cache play data in a latest preset number of key frames in the live push stream that reaches the server.
  • the server is pre-configured with a cache area
  • the cache module is configured to determine that the server caches when a new data frame arrives at the server in the live broadcast stream. Whether the play data is stored in the area, and if the play data is already stored in the cache area, the play data stored in the cache area is replaced with the latest preset number of live broadcast streams arriving at the server. Playback data in keyframes.
  • the manner in which the cache module caches the data includes: copying the data packet header information; storing the data packet content by using a reference multiplexing manner, where the data packet content includes a picture frame.
  • the live control device further includes a first deletion module.
  • the first deleting module is configured to determine whether the number of buffered data frames is greater than a maximum storage amount, and if the maximum storage amount is greater than the maximum storage amount, deleting the data frame from the head of the cache queue.
  • the first deleting module further includes a second deleting module.
  • the second deleting module is configured to determine that the live broadcast is ended if the preset duration is not obtained, and delete all the play data buffered by the server.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, where the processor implements the live control described above when the program is executed method.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the present disclosure provides a readable storage medium, the readable storage medium comprising a computer program, the computer program controlling the electronic device in which the readable storage medium is located to perform the live control method described above.
  • the live broadcast management method, device, and electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure cache the latest broadcast data in the live broadcast stream when the live broadcast push reaches the server, so that when the client initiates the play request, the cache can be cached.
  • the play data is sent to the client and accesses the video stream obtained by the client, so that when the live broadcast is entered, the client can start playing from the cached play data, effectively avoiding the black screen problem, improving the live broadcast effect, and thereby improving The user experience.
  • the server only caches the play data in the latest preset number of key frames in the live push stream, and has a new in the live push stream.
  • the cached data is updated, so that the server always caches the playback data in the latest preset number of key frames, thereby ensuring the client playback effect with a limited memory footprint. clever.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a live video broadcast.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of forming a black screen.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an electronic device 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a live control method according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of sub-steps included in step S21 of FIG. 2 in an embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is another flowchart of a live broadcast management method according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a live control device 20 according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Icons 10 - electronic device; 11 - memory; 12 - processor; 13 - network module; 20 - live control device; 21 - cache module; 22 - control module.
  • the live broadcaster shoots the video in real time through the client, and sends the captured video data to the server of the live broadcast platform, and then the server of the live broadcast platform sends the received video data to one or more in real time. Play on the client's client.
  • the sending terminal 30 is a client of a live broadcast initiator
  • the electronic device 10 is a server of a live broadcast platform
  • the receiving terminal 40 is a client of a viewer.
  • the transmitting terminal 30 performs real-time video recording, and transmits the recorded video data to the electronic device 10.
  • the electronic device 10 processes or copies the received video and sends it to a plurality of receiving terminals 40.
  • the initiating terminal 30 may encode the video to be transmitted in some manner.
  • the originating terminal encodes multiple picture frames of the video data into key frames and non-key frames.
  • the key frame can be the frame in which the key action of the character or object movement or change is located, and the key frame contains all the data forming an image.
  • the one or more non-key frames located after a key frame only contain the difference data between the frame image and the key frame image. Since the non-key frame does not contain all the data forming one image, the non-key frame must be based on the previous key frame. Can be decoded to form a complete image. This coding method can make non-key frames occupy only a small amount of data, which is beneficial to data transmission.
  • the transmitting terminal 30 continuously transmits the encoded video data to the electronic device 10, and the receiving terminal 40 can access the electronic device 10 to acquire the video data from any point of time.
  • a receiving terminal 40 acquires video data from the electronic device 10, if data is acquired from a non-key frame, the image cannot be decoded until a key frame is received, and the receiving terminal 40 can only display a black screen.
  • the transmitting terminal 30 continuously transmits a plurality of data frames to the electronic device, wherein the first, fifth, and tenth data frames are key frames, and the rest are non-key frames. If the receiving terminal 40 accesses the electronic device 10 and acquires video data from the second data frame, since the second to fourth data frames are non-key frames, the receiving terminal cannot decode the correct data frames according to the data frames. Image. The normal display screen cannot be started until the receiving terminal 40 acquires the fifth data frame.
  • the interval between the key frame and the key frame may be as long as several seconds, so that the receiving terminal 40 may not be able to display the video within a few seconds, which seriously affects the user experience.
  • FIG. 3 it is a block schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided by a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the electronic device 10 in the embodiment of the present disclosure may be a server having data storage, transmission, and processing functions.
  • the electronic device 10 includes a memory 11, a processor 12, a network module 13, and a live control device 20.
  • the memory 11, the processor 12 and the network module 13 are electrically connected directly or indirectly to each other to implement data transmission or interaction.
  • the components can be electrically connected to one another via one or more communication buses or signal lines.
  • a memory control device 20 is stored in the memory 11, and the live control device 20 includes at least one software function module that can be stored in the memory 11 in the form of software or firmware.
  • the processor 12 is stored in the memory by running.
  • the memory 11 can be, but not limited to, a random access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), and a programmable read-only memory (PROM). Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Electric Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), and the like.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • PROM programmable read-only memory
  • EPROM Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • EEPROM Electric Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • the memory 11 is configured to store a program, and the processor 12 executes the program after receiving an execution instruction.
  • the processor 12 may be an integrated circuit chip with data processing capabilities.
  • the processor 12 described above may be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), and the like.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • NP network processor
  • the methods, steps, and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented or executed.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the network module 13 is configured to establish a communication connection between the electronic device 10 and the external communication terminal through the network, and realize the transmission and reception operations of the network signal and the data.
  • the above network signal may include a wireless signal or a wired signal.
  • FIG. 3 is merely illustrative, and the electronic device 10 may further include more or less components than those shown in FIG. 3, or have a different configuration than that shown in FIG.
  • the components shown in Figure 3 can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a readable storage medium, the readable storage medium comprising a computer program.
  • the computer program When the computer program is running, the electronic device 10 where the readable storage medium is located performs the following live control method.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a live control method according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method steps defined by the process related to the method are applied to the electronic device 10 and can be implemented by the processor 12.
  • the electronic device 10 is a server that can obtain a live broadcast, and the server can communicate with the client.
  • the specific flow shown in FIG. 4 will be described in detail below.
  • Step S21 Cache the latest playing data in the live streaming stream that reaches the server.
  • the live broadcast stream is the video stream data sent by the client of the live broadcast initiator to the server.
  • the play data includes a picture frame, and may also include audio data, and the server may cache the picture frame and the audio data.
  • the play data in the latest preset number of key frames in the live broadcast stream that arrives at the server is cached.
  • a keyframe can be the frame in which a key action in a character or object moves or changes.
  • a cache area may be pre-configured in the server, and the buffer field may be fixed in a preset number of key frames.
  • the data is played, and the server only caches the play data in the latest preset number of key frames in the live stream.
  • the cache area is The play data stored in the broadcast data is replaced with the play data in the latest preset number of key frames in the live broadcast stream of the server.
  • the cache area By setting the buffer area to cache the set number of play data, when a new data frame arrives in the live push stream, the cache area is dynamically updated, so that only the limited storage space of the server is needed to complete the required play data.
  • the cache does not require additional requirements for the performance of the server.
  • the method is: determining whether the number of cached data frames is greater than a maximum storage quantity, and if the maximum storage quantity is greater than the maximum storage quantity, The header begins to delete the data frame.
  • the latest preset number of key frames in the live broadcast stream arriving at the server are sequentially cached, and all the play data in the key frame is cached for each key frame buffered. , thus completing the caching of the key frame. If the number of buffered data frames is greater than the maximum amount of storage, keyframes that have reached the server for a longer time and are cached earlier are deleted, and the newly arrived keyframes are replaced with the cached regions. Thereby, the dynamic update of the cache area storage data is completed stably and reliably.
  • the cache area may be set in the nginx-rtmp module.
  • the play data is cached by step S211 and step S212.
  • step S211 the packet header information is copied.
  • Step S212 storing the content of the data packet by means of reference multiplexing, where the content of the data packet includes a picture frame.
  • the shallow copy of the play data is performed in steps S211 and S212 to implement buffering of the play data, which can further reduce the memory usage of the server and improve the cache efficiency.
  • Step S22 if receiving the play request sent by the client, sending the cached play data to the client, and accessing the video stream obtained by the client from the server, so that the client The terminal starts playing the video stream from the cached play data.
  • the user can quickly respond and send the cached playing data to the client, so that the client receives the request.
  • the data is included in one or more key frames, and the client can smoothly start data decoding in combination with key frames and subsequent non-key frames, thereby avoiding black screen conditions.
  • the live broadcast control method in this embodiment further includes two steps, step S31 and step S32.
  • Step S31 Determine whether the number of currently cached play data exceeds a preset maximum configuration amount.
  • step S32 if the preset maximum configuration amount is exceeded, the data frame corresponding to the play data is discarded.
  • the cached data in the cache area does not need to be used in the next live broadcast. Therefore, after the live broadcast is finished, the cached data in the cache area can be cleaned up to reserve the cache space for the next live broadcast.
  • the live broadcast is not obtained by the preset duration, it is determined that the live broadcast ends, and all the play data buffered by the server is deleted.
  • a fixed number of data frames may also be reserved in the buffer area.
  • the fixed number of data frames may be data frames set by the user, or may be data frames stored by the server itself, such as a server.
  • a fixed number of data frames are reserved.
  • the retained data frame can be pushed to the client, thereby fully ensuring that the client exists. Live the screen to avoid black screen conditions.
  • the cache technology is used to cache the plurality of picture groups in the live stream in the nginx-rtmp module.
  • the picture group in the nginx-rtmp module is dynamically updated with the live stream.
  • all the cached picture groups are sent at one time.
  • the client directly starts playing from the buffered key frame after receiving the data frame including the picture group, without waiting for the live stream key frame, thereby achieving the black screen elimination state.
  • the queue size is determined by the configuration file.
  • the live stream data is copied to the cache queue.
  • the buffer queue is dynamically updated to ensure that the latest screen groups in the live stream that arrives at the server are cached. .
  • the cache queue is accessed.
  • the nginx pushes all the data of the cache queue to the client at the same time, and then the client accesses the live stream and starts playing from the cached data frame.
  • the client By adding a cache queue in nginx, the client must contain key frames in the first wave of data frames received, thereby eliminating the black screen state.
  • the configuration file can also configure how many gop to cache to meet the needs of different users. For example, two configuration items can be added to the application layer: gop_cache on, gop_count 5. Get the relevant configuration to the global variable through global file parsing, and then do the following.
  • the data packet is parsed according to the rtmp protocol, the data frame is preprocessed, the parsed data packet list is obtained, the cached processing is performed in the following manner, and the cache queue is dynamically updated.
  • the cached data frame is the key frame for the first frame, and is not required if it is not the first frame.
  • the cache operation is performed after the above conditions are satisfied. Apply the frame data buffer space and perform a shallow copy to add the data frame to the end of the cache queue. If the number of currently buffered audio or video is greater than the number of configuration items, discard all cached data packets and then exit. If there is no overrun. If the number of the data packets stored in the gop is greater than the maximum number of cached gops in the configuration item, if the number of the data packets is greater than, the packet is deleted from the head of the cache queue to complete the buffering of the media stream data packets. Each data packet arrives, and the gop cache module is first cached, and then distributed to all subscribed clients to the live stream module.
  • the client After the client receives the cached data, it will do the following. By parsing the url, extracting the application and the service name, mapping to the corresponding stream service session, and then entering the gop cache logic corresponding to the service. Determine whether to enable the gop cache. If it is enabled, it traverses the gop cache queue, adds all the data packets in the queue to the send queue, adds the sending event corresponding to the client, waits for the sending opportunity to trigger the underlying sending logic, and adds the client session to the corresponding service. In the subscriber's queue of the session, waiting for the media stream data message to arrive, the corresponding service session distributes all the streaming media data messages to each subscriber. When the back end of the streaming media service is closed, the session corresponding to the nginx-rtmp module is closed, and all the data packets in the gop cache queue are cleared, and related resources are released.
  • the streaming media data packet arrives, the packet is first cached in an orderly logical limit, and then enters the live stream logic, so that the streaming media client can obtain the key frame every time the request is made. . Thereby solving the problem that the client enters the black screen state due to waiting.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a live broadcast control device 20 , which is applied to a server that can obtain a live broadcast and communicates with a client, and the live control device 20 includes a cache module. 21 and the control module 22.
  • the cache module 21 is configured to cache the latest play data in the live push stream that reaches the server, where the play data includes a picture frame.
  • the control module 22 is configured to, when receiving the play request sent by the client, send the cached play data to the client, and access the video stream obtained by the client from the server, so that the The client starts playing the video stream from the cached play data.
  • control module 22 Since the implementation principle of the control module 22 and the step S22 in FIG. 2 are similar, no further explanation is provided here.
  • the cache module 22 is specifically configured to cache play data in a latest preset number of key frames in the live push stream that reaches the server.
  • the server is pre-configured with a cache area
  • the cache module 22 is specifically configured to determine, when a new data frame arrives at the server in the live push stream, Whether the play data is already stored in the cache area, and if the play data is already stored in the cache area, the play data stored in the cache area is replaced with the latest preset quantity in the live push stream that reaches the server. Playback data in keyframes.
  • the manner in which the cache module 22 caches the data includes: copying the data packet header information; storing the data packet content by using a reference multiplexing manner, where the data packet content includes a picture frame. .
  • the live broadcast control device 20 further includes a first deletion module.
  • the first deleting module is configured to determine whether the number of buffered data frames is greater than a maximum storage amount, and if the maximum storage amount is greater than the maximum storage amount, deleting the data frame from the head of the cache queue.
  • the first deleting module further includes a second deleting module.
  • the second deleting module is configured to determine that the live broadcast is ended if the preset duration is not obtained, and delete all the play data buffered by the server.
  • the live broadcast management method, device, and electronic device in the embodiment of the present disclosure cache the latest broadcast data in the live broadcast stream when the live broadcast push reaches the server, so that the client can play the cache when the client initiates the play request.
  • the data is sent to the client and accesses the video stream obtained by the client, so that when the live stream logic is entered, the client can start playing from the cached play data, effectively avoiding the black screen problem, and in the live broadcast stream
  • the cached data is updated, so that the server always caches the playback data in the latest preset number of key frames, thereby ensuring the client playback effect with a limited memory footprint.
  • each block of the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment, or a portion of code that includes one or more of the Executable instructions. It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks may also occur in a different order than those illustrated in the drawings.
  • each block of the block diagrams and/or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowcharts can be implemented in a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action. Or it can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.
  • the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be integrated to form a separate portion, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form a separate portion.
  • the functions, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as separate products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • a computer readable storage medium including: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like.
  • the live broadcast management method, device, and electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure cache the latest broadcast data in the live broadcast stream when the live broadcast push reaches the server, so that when the client initiates the play request, the cache can be cached.
  • the play data is sent to the client and accesses the video stream obtained by the client, so that the data received by the client includes one or more key frames, and the client can combine the key frame and the non-received afterwards.
  • the key frame smoothly starts data decoding, effectively avoiding the black screen problem and improving the live broadcast effect, thereby improving the user experience.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Selon les modes de réalisation, la présente invention concerne un procédé de gestion de tranche de réseau et un dispositif, se rapportant au domaine technique de la communication. Le procédé de commande de diffusion en direct est utilisé dans un serveur capable d'acquérir un flux de diffusion de diffusion en direct et d'être en communication avec un terminal client, le procédé comprenant : la mise en cache de plusieurs derniers éléments de données de lecture dans un flux de poussée de diffusion en direct arrivant au niveau du serveur, les données comprenant des trames d'image ; en cas de réception d'une requête de lecture envoyée par un terminal client, envoyer des données de lecture mises en cache au terminal client, et accéder à un flux vidéo acquis par le terminal client à partir du serveur, de telle sorte que le terminal client commence à lire le flux vidéo à partir des données de lecture mises en cache. En utilisant lesdits procédé, appareil et dispositif électronique de commande de diffusion en direct, un terminal client peut démarrer une lecture à partir de données de lecture mises en cache, ce qui permet d'éliminer l'état d'écran noir et d'améliorer l'expérience de l'utilisateur.
PCT/CN2018/080929 2017-09-26 2018-03-28 Procédé de commande de diffusion en direct, appareil et dispositif électronique WO2019062050A1 (fr)

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CN108449650A (zh) * 2018-04-09 2018-08-24 四川百视通科技有限公司 一种rtmp直播流到http flv直播流实时转换系统及其工作方法
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CN110213600A (zh) * 2019-04-29 2019-09-06 网易（杭州）网络有限公司 视频直播方法、装置及设备
CN110312159B (zh) * 2019-05-24 2022-03-11 深圳市朗强科技有限公司 一种信号接收装置、流媒体传输系统及流媒体传输方法
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