WO2019052386A1 - 一种终端设备、充电器、充电系统和充电方法 - Google Patents

一种终端设备、充电器、充电系统和充电方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019052386A1
WO2019052386A1 PCT/CN2018/104175 CN2018104175W WO2019052386A1 WO 2019052386 A1 WO2019052386 A1 WO 2019052386A1 CN 2018104175 W CN2018104175 W CN 2018104175W WO 2019052386 A1 WO2019052386 A1 WO 2019052386A1
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Prior art keywords
pin
data pin
charger
terminal device
data
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PCT/CN2018/104175
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王欣
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西安中兴新软件有限责任公司
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Publication of WO2019052386A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019052386A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to, but is not limited to, the field of computer technology, and in particular, to a terminal device, a charger, a charging system, and a charging method.
  • terminal devices such as smart phones
  • the endurance of terminal equipment has become a short-board in the industry, and it has become an important technical indicator that needs to be improved.
  • the fast charging scheme in the prior art generally has the following problems: First, in the fast charging scheme of the low voltage and high current mode, a dedicated dedicated serial bus (Universal Serial Bus, referred to as USB) is required on the charging path. Connectors, special chargers, batteries, battery connectors and data lines for fast charging; second, high-voltage, low-current mode fast charging solutions require a specific high-voltage charger and current is limited by Overcurrent capability of the charging interface. Typically, the maximum overcurrent capability of the power supply pin (VBUS) in the charging interface is 1.8 amps (A), which causes problems with limited fast charging capability.
  • USB Universal Serial Bus
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a terminal device, a charger, a charging system, and a charging method.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal device, including: a USB interface and a first switch configured to be coupled with a universal serial bus USB plug of a charger; the USB interface includes a power pin a grounding pin, a first data pin, and a second data pin; the first switch is configured to, when the terminal device detects that the USB interface is connected to a preset charger, The first data pin of the USB interface is shorted to the power pin, and the second data pin is shorted to the ground pin.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a charger, including: a USB plug and a second switch configured to be mated with a universal serial bus USB interface of the terminal device;
  • the USB plug includes a power tube a pin, a ground pin, a first data pin, and a second data pin, wherein the first data pin is shorted to the second data pin;
  • the second switch is configured to be When the USB plug is inserted into the USB interface of the terminal device, the first data pin and the second data pin of the USB plug are disconnected according to the instruction of the terminal device, and the first data of the USB plug is The pin is shorted to the power pin, and the second data pin is shorted to the ground pin.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a charging system, including: the foregoing terminal device, and the charger described above.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a charging method, including: determining whether a charger connected to a terminal device is a preset charger; and determining that the charger is the preset charger Disconnecting the first data pin and the second data pin of the USB plug in the preset charger, and shorting the first data pin of the USB plug to the power pin, the second data The pin is shorted to the ground pin, and the first data pin of the USB interface in the terminal device is shorted to the power pin, and the second data pin is shorted to the ground pin.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, wherein when the processor executes the computer executable instructions, The computer executable instruction performs the following operations: determining whether the charger connected to the terminal device is a preset charger; and in the case of determining that the charger is the preset charger, disconnecting the preset charger Shorting the first data pin and the second data pin of the USB plug, shorting the first data pin of the USB plug to the power pin, and shorting the second data pin to the ground pin, and The first data pin of the USB interface of the terminal device is shorted to the power pin, and the second data pin is shorted to the ground pin.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of still another terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a charger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another charger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a charging method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of another charging method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the power level indicates the speed of the charging speed. Therefore, increasing the charging speed is important in the following two directions:
  • a low voltage, high current charging mode In the case of a constant voltage, the increased current can be shunted using a parallel circuit. At a constant voltage, the smaller the voltage shared by each circuit after parallel shunting, the smaller the voltage experienced by each circuit in the terminal equipment.
  • a low-voltage, high-current charging scheme it is necessary to customize a dedicated multi-pin USB connector, a special charger, a battery, a battery connector, and a data line to achieve a fast charging effect.
  • the low-voltage and high-current charging mode has higher requirements on electronic components such as chargers, terminal devices, and charging data lines, and increases the overall design and production cost.
  • the mobile phone communicates with the charger through D+ and D- on the USB, and the voltage of 5V, 9V, 12V, 20V can be output through the specified charger.
  • the charger can output any voltage from 3.6V to 20V in steps of 200 millivolts (mV).
  • mV millivolts
  • the charger is input with a minimum voltage.
  • the charging line positive (VCHG) and the power supply voltage (VBAT) can be allowed to be close to reduce the loss of switching conversion, improve charging efficiency, and improve heat generation.
  • the VBUS current is adjusted by PE+ as a handshake command.
  • the charging mode is limited by the hardware configuration and the maximum overcurrent capability of the charging interface, and it is urgent to provide a charging scheme that can improve the fast charging capability.
  • the terminal devices in the following embodiments of the present disclosure are terminal devices that are charged through a USB interface, such as a smart phone, a tablet computer, and a personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant). , referred to as: PDA) and other mobile terminals. Accordingly, the charger in the embodiment of the present disclosure is configured with a USB plug that is compatible with the USB interface described above.
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • the charger in the embodiment of the present disclosure is configured with a USB plug that is compatible with the USB interface described above.
  • the present disclosure provides the following specific embodiments that can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in some embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the terminal device provided in this embodiment is suitable for the case of performing fast charging.
  • the terminal device 10 may include a USB interface 11 and a first changeover switch 12 configured to be mated with a USB plug of the charger.
  • the USB interface 11 includes a power pin, a ground pin, a first data pin, and a second data pin.
  • the power pin, the ground pin, the first data pin, and the second data pin in the terminal device 10 shown in FIG. 1 are denoted as VBUS, GND, D-, and D+, respectively.
  • USB interface 11 and the USB plug in the embodiment of the present disclosure are USB having a first data pin (D-) and a second data pin (D+).
  • the USB interface 11 and the USB plug can be a Micro USB interface and a USB plug, and can also be a USB-C (also called Type-C) interface and a USB-C plug.
  • the USB interface and USB plug can be used together.
  • the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) of the USB plug used in conjunction with the USB interface are in a short-circuit relationship. Therefore, during charging, the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) are in an idle state.
  • the charger only transmits the charging current to the USB interface of the terminal device through the power pin (VBUS) of the USB plug.
  • the VBUS has a maximum overcurrent capability of 1.8A.
  • the charging voltage of the smart phone defaults to 5V. Therefore, in the case where the charging voltage is determined, the charging current is limited by the maximum overcurrent capability of 1.8A. This makes the fast charging capability in the prior art limited, and it is difficult to increase the charging speed.
  • the first switch 12 is configured to short the first data pin (D-) of the USB interface 11 and the power pin (VBUS) when the terminal device 10 detects that the USB interface 11 is connected to the preset charger.
  • the two data pins (D+) are shorted to the ground pin (GND).
  • the first switch 12 can be a double pole double throw switch, wherein one switch is configured to switch the connection relationship of the first data pin (D-), and the other switch is configured to switch the second data tube The connection relationship of the foot (D+).
  • the terminal device 10 detects the USB interface 11 and the preset.
  • the first data pin (D-) of the USB interface 11 is shorted to the power pin (VBUS)
  • the second data pin (D+) is shorted to the ground pin (GND).
  • both the power and ground are assigned two pins (Pin).
  • the power supply is assigned a power supply pin (VBUS) and a first data pin (D-), the ground line is assigned a ground pin (GND) and a second data pin (D+), and the current flows from the power supply.
  • the pin (VBUS) flows back to the ground pin (GND).
  • the charging current is shared on the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) by the switching function of the first changeover switch 12, so that the maximum overcurrent capability of the USB interface 11 can be improved. .
  • the terminal device is charged through the power supply pin (VBUS) of the USB interface, and the maximum overcurrent capability of the charging current is limited to 1.8A.
  • the charging current is shared on the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) by the switching function of the first changeover switch 12, and the power supply through the USB interface 11 during charging
  • the pin (VBUS) and the first data pin (D-) charge the terminal device 10 to double the maximum overcurrent capability of the charging current.
  • the maximum overcurrent capability can be increased to 3.6A. Therefore, the charging speed can be greatly improved, that is, the ability to charge quickly is improved.
  • the preset charger is a charger designed specifically for the terminal device 10 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the preset charger has a structure corresponding to the terminal device 10 (ie, a switch). When the terminal device 10 is charged, the preset charger can achieve the effect of fast charging.
  • a USB interface and a first switch for mating connection with a USB plug of the charger are configured.
  • the first data pin of the USB interface is shorted to the power pin, and the second data pin and the ground pin are short. Pick up.
  • the terminal device can be charged through the power pin of the USB interface and the first data pin, which greatly improves the maximum overcurrent capability of the charging current.
  • the terminal device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure solves the problem that the fast charging scheme in the prior art is affected by various factors and it is difficult to improve the fast charging capability.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the terminal device 10 provided in this embodiment may further include:
  • a charge management module 13 connected to the USB interface 11 through the first changeover switch 12, a power supply pin (VBUS), a ground pin (GND), a first data pin (D-), and a second data of the charge management module 13.
  • the pin (D+) is connected to the power pin (VBUS), the ground pin (GND), the first data pin (D-), and the second data pin (D+) of the USB interface 11, respectively.
  • the charging management module 13 in this embodiment is, for example, a charging chip.
  • the charging management module 13 may be disposed inside the processor of the terminal device 10 or may be disposed outside the processor.
  • the charging management module 13 can control the preset charger side switching switch by the above-mentioned connection relationship with each pin in the USB interface 11.
  • the charge management module 13 is configured to communicate with the preset charger through the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) of the USB interface 11, and when the pre-detection is detected After the charger is normally connected to the terminal device 10, the delay is 2 seconds (s), and then the second switch indicating the preset charger is disconnected from the first data pin and the (D-) second data tube of the USB plug.
  • the second switch in the preset charger may also be a double-pole double-throw switch, wherein one switch is configured to switch the connection relationship of the first data pin (D-), and the other switch is configured to Switch the connection relationship of the second data pin (D+).
  • the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) are in a short-circuit relationship.
  • the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) are in an idle state, that is, the charging current is not shared.
  • the terminal device 10 can not only pass the first data pin (D-) of the local USB interface 11 and the power pin through the first switch 12 ( VBUS) is shorted, the second data pin (D+) is shorted to the ground pin (GND), and the second switch switch on the preset charger side can be instructed by the charge management module 13 to perform a corresponding switching operation, thereby charging In the process, the charging current is shared on the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+), thereby realizing the requirement of increasing the maximum overcurrent capability of the USB interface 11.
  • the USB plug when the USB interface 11 of the terminal device 10 is inserted into the USB plug, the USB plug may be a plug of a certain charger, or may be a plug of another device, such as a data line connected through a computer. plug.
  • the charging management module 13 is further configured to determine, when the USB plug is inserted in the USB interface 11, whether the first data pin (D-) in the USB plug is related to the second data.
  • the pin (D+) is shorted, and when it is judged that the short is connected, it is determined that the USB interface 11 is connected to the charger.
  • the first data pin (D-) in the USB plug is shorted to the second data pin (D+).
  • the charging management module 13 of the terminal device 10 can determine that the charger or other device is connected to its USB interface 11 by judging the above connection relationship.
  • the charger is an alternating current (AC) charging method. If the USB plug is a plug of a data line connected through a computer, the terminal device 10 is charged by a direct current (DC) charging method. Specifically, it is determined that the USB plug connected to the USB interface 11 is a charger plug in a condition that the first data pin (D-) in the USB plug is short-circuited with the second data pin (D+).
  • the charging management module 13 is further configured to determine the terminal when it is determined that the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) in the USB plug are not shorted.
  • the USB interface 11 of the device 10 is connected to a non-AC charger, for example, to a computer via a data line.
  • the battery 14 of the terminal device 10 is charged through the power supply pin (VBUS) of the USB interface 11, and the current during the charging is 500 mA.
  • the charger in a case where the charging management module 13 has determined that the USB interface 11 is connected to the charger, the charger may be a universal charger, and may also be the terminal device 10 in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a charger that is configured to perform fast charging that is, a preset charger. Therefore, it is also necessary to perform a corresponding charging operation according to the type of the charger.
  • the charging management module 13 in the embodiment of the present disclosure is further configured to, according to the detected first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) of the USB interface 11 when the USB interface 11 is connected to the charger. The voltage is applied to perform the corresponding charging operation.
  • the charging management module 13 performs the implementation of the corresponding charging operation according to the detected voltage, which may include:
  • the first switch 12 of the terminal device 10 When it is detected that the first data pin (D-) of the USB interface 11 is at a high level and the second data pin (D+) is at a low level, the first switch 12 of the terminal device 10 is instructed to be the first of the USB interface 11 A data pin (D-) is shorted to the power pin (VBUS), and after the second data pin (D-) is shorted to the ground pin (GND), the power pin (VBUS) of the USB interface 11 is used.
  • the first data pin (D-) charges the battery 14 of the terminal device 10;
  • the power supply pin (VBUS) passing through the USB interface 11 is the terminal device 10
  • the battery 14 is charged.
  • the terminal device 10 can detect the voltages of the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) on the USB interface 11 in a manner similar to a high-pass protocol, thereby detecting the voltage according to the detected voltage. Perform a subsequent charging operation.
  • the charger is a charger with a switch (ie, the above preset) The charger) can perform a switching operation by the first switching switch 12 and instruct the second switching switch of the preset charger to perform a switching operation.
  • the charging method is to charge the battery 14 of the terminal device 10 through the power supply pin (VBUS) of the USB interface 11 and the first data pin (D-).
  • the first changeover switch 12 of the terminal device 10 does not need to perform a switching operation, and directly performs a charging operation, that is, charging the battery 14 of the terminal device 10 through the power supply pin (VBUS) of the USB interface 11.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of still another terminal device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 shows the structure of the battery 14.
  • the battery 14 is connected to the charge management module 13, and the power supply pin (VBUS), the ground pin (GND), the first data pin (D-), and the second data pin (D+) of the battery 14 are in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the power supply pin (VBUS), the ground pin (GND), the first data pin (D-), and the second data pin (D+) of the charge management module 13 are connected.
  • the USB interface 11 of the terminal device 10 is connected to the charger and the enumeration identification of the charger is completed, the original short circuit of the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) pass the first switch.
  • Switch 12 is open and assigned one-to-one to the power supply pin (VBUS) and ground pin (GND).
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a charger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the charger provided in this embodiment is suitable for fast charging.
  • the charger 20 may include a USB plug 21 and a second changeover switch 22 configured to be mated with the USB interface of the terminal device provided by the above embodiment.
  • the USB plug 21 includes a power pin, a ground pin, a first data pin, and a second data pin, and the first data pin is shorted to the second data pin.
  • the power pin, ground pin, first data pin and second data pin in the charger 20 shown in Fig. 4 are denoted as VBUS, GND, D- and D+, respectively.
  • USB interface and the USB plug 21 in the embodiment of the present disclosure are USB having a first data pin (D-) and a second data pin (D+), and may be, for example, a Micro USB interface or a plug. It can be a USB-C interface or a plug, and the USB interface and the USB plug can be used together.
  • the design of the USB socket of the charger includes a short relationship between the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+). Therefore, during charging, the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) are in an idle state; and while charging, the charger only passes through the power pin (VBUS) of the USB plug to the terminal device.
  • the USB interface transmits the charging current, wherein the VBUS has a maximum overcurrent capability of 1.8A.
  • the terminal device is also used as a smart phone as an example.
  • the charging voltage of the smartphone defaults to 5V. Therefore, in the case where the charging voltage is determined, the charging current is limited by the maximum overcurrent capability of 1.8 A, which makes the prior art fast charging capability limited, and it is difficult to increase the charging speed.
  • the second changeover switch 22 is configured to disconnect the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) of the USB plug 21 according to the instruction of the terminal device when the USB plug 21 is inserted into the USB interface of the terminal device. Short-circuit, short the first data pin (D-) of the USB plug 21 to the power pin (VBUS), and the second data pin (D+) is shorted to the ground pin (GND).
  • the second switch 22 can also be a double-pole double-throw switch, wherein one switch is configured to switch the connection relationship of the first data pin (D-), and the other switch is configured to switch the second switch.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure uses the switching function of the second changeover switch 22 to share the charging current on the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) during the charging process, thereby improving the maximum of the USB interface. Overcurrent capability.
  • the charging current is usually transmitted to the terminal device through the power pin (VBUS) of the USB plug, and the maximum overcurrent capability of the charging current is limited to 1.8A.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure shares the charging current on the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) by the switching function of the second changeover switch 22, and passes through the power pin of the USB plug 21 during charging ( VBUS) and the first data pin (D-) transmit charging current to the terminal device, which can double the maximum overcurrent capability of the charging current, that is, the maximum overcurrent capability can be increased to 3.6A. Therefore, the charging speed can be greatly improved, that is, the ability to charge quickly is improved.
  • the charger 20 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is the charger 20 used in combination with the terminal device in any of the embodiments shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 described above.
  • the charger 20 has a structure corresponding to the terminal device (i.e., the second changeover switch 22). When it charges the terminal device, the effect of fast charging can be achieved.
  • the charger provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is configured with a USB plug and a second switch for connecting with the USB interface of the terminal device.
  • the USB plug is inserted into the USB interface of the terminal device by using the switching function of the second switch Disconnecting the first data pin and the second data pin of the USB plug according to the instruction of the terminal device, shorting the first data pin of the USB plug to the power pin, and the second data pin and the ground pin short.
  • the charging current can be transmitted to the terminal device through the power pin of the USB plug and the first data pin, which greatly improves the maximum overcurrent capability of the charging current.
  • the charger provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure solves the problem that the fast charging scheme in the prior art is affected by various factors and it is difficult to improve the fast charging capability.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another charger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 shows the manner in which the USB plug 21 of the charger 20 is connected to the USB interface 11 of the terminal device 10.
  • the power pin (VBUS), the ground pin (GND), the first data pin (D-), and the second data pin (D+) of the USB plug 21 of the charger 20 are respectively connected to the USB interface.
  • the power supply pin (VBUS), the ground pin (GND), the first data pin (D-), and the second data pin (D+) are connected.
  • the second changeover switch 22 is configured to communicate with the terminal device via the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) of the USB plug 21.
  • the second changeover switch 22 is also configured to disconnect the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) of the USB plug 21, and to connect the first data pin of the USB plug 21 (D) -) Shorted to the power supply pin (VBUS), after the second data pin (D+) is shorted to the ground pin (GND), pass the power pin (VBUS) of the USB plug 21 and the first data pin (D) -) Transfer the charging current to the USB interface of the terminal device.
  • the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) in the USB plug 21 are pins that communicate with the terminal device, and can receive an indication sent by the terminal device.
  • the terminal device delays by 2 seconds (s), and then instructs the second switch 22 of the charger 20 to disconnect the first data pin of the USB plug 21 and (D-) Shorting the two data pins (D+), shorting the first data pin (D-) of the USB plug 21 to the power pin (VBUS), the second data pin (D+) and the ground pin (GND) Short.
  • the charger 20 can transmit the charging current to the USB interface of the terminal device through the power pin (VBUS) of the USB plug 21 and the first data pin (D-).
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the charging system 30 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a terminal device 10 and a charger 20.
  • the terminal device 10 in the embodiment of the present disclosure is the terminal device 10 in any of the embodiments shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 (the terminal device 10 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is the terminal device 10 shown in FIG.
  • the charger 20 is the charger 20 in any of the embodiments shown in Fig. 4 or Fig. 5 described above.
  • the charging system 30 in the embodiment of the present disclosure has the same hardware configuration as the above-described terminal device 10 and charger 20, and can effectively improve the fast charging performance.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a charging method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the terminal device provided in this embodiment is suitable for the case of performing fast charging.
  • This charging method can be performed by the charging system in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the charging method can include the following steps:
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a charging method that increases charging speed.
  • the charging method can be performed by a mating terminal device and a preset charger, which is different from a conventional charger in the prior art. Therefore, when the terminal device performs the charger, it can be determined whether the connected charger is the preset charger in the embodiment of the present disclosure, that is, whether it is the charger in any of the embodiments shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5.
  • the charging system for performing the charging method may refer to the charging system shown in FIG. 6.
  • the charging system shown in FIG. 6 For the connection relationship in the terminal device and the connection relationship between the terminal device and the charger, reference may be made to the terminal device in any of the embodiments shown in FIG. 1 to FIG.
  • the connection relationship in the preset charger and the connection relationship between the preset charger and the terminal device reference may be made to the charger in any of the embodiments shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5.
  • USB interface and the USB plug in the embodiment of the present disclosure are also USB having a first data pin (D-) and a second data pin (D+).
  • the USB interface and the USB plug can be a Micro USB interface and a Micro USB plug, and can also be a USB-C (also called Type-C) interface and a USB-C plug. Meet the USB interface and USB plug can be used together.
  • the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) of the USB plug used in conjunction with the USB interface are in a short-circuit relationship. Therefore, during charging, the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) are in an idle state.
  • the charger only transmits the charging current to the USB interface of the terminal device through the power pin (VBUS) of the USB plug.
  • the VBUS has a maximum overcurrent capability of 1.8A.
  • the fast charging scheme may be used for charging.
  • the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) of the preset charger may be disconnected. Connect, and short the first data pin (D-) of the USB plug to the power pin (VBUS), and the second data pin (D+) is shorted to the ground pin (GND).
  • the first data pin (D-) of the USB interface can be shorted to the power pin (VBUS), and the second data pin (D+) can be shorted to the ground pin (GND).
  • both the power and ground are assigned two pins (Pin). That is, the power supply is assigned a power supply pin (VBUS) and a first data pin (D-), the ground line is assigned a ground pin (GND) and a second data pin (D+), and the current flows from the power supply.
  • the pin (VBUS) flows back to the ground pin (GND).
  • a large current can flow through the USB interface 11.
  • the charging current can be shared on the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) during the charging process, thereby improving the USB interface. Maximum overcurrent capability.
  • the terminal device is charged through the power supply pin (VBUS) of the USB interface, and the maximum overcurrent capability of the charging current is limited to 1.8A.
  • the power supply pin (VBUS) and the first data pipe through the USB interface during charging are performed.
  • the foot (D-) charges the terminal device, which doubles the maximum overcurrent capability of the charging current. In other words, the maximum overcurrent capability can be increased to 3.6A. Therefore, the charging speed can be greatly improved, that is, the ability to charge quickly is improved.
  • the charging method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is a processing method of the charging system provided by the above embodiment of the present disclosure, and a detailed description thereof is omitted herein.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart diagram of another charging method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the USB plug when a USB plug is inserted into the USB interface of the terminal device, the USB plug may be a plug of a certain charger, or may be a plug of another device, such as a plug of a data cable connected through a computer. Therefore, before the step S110, the method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include:
  • the first data pin (D-) in the USB plug is shorted to the second data pin (D+).
  • the terminal device can determine that the charger or other device is connected to its USB interface by judging the above connection relationship.
  • the charger is AC charging. If the above USB plug is a plug of a data cable connected through a computer, the terminal device is charged by DC charging. Specifically, determining whether the device connected to the USB interface of the terminal device is a charger is that the first data pin (D-) in the USB plug is short-circuited with the second data pin (D+).
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include:
  • the USB interface of the terminal device when the detection result is not short-circuited, the USB interface of the terminal device is connected to the non-AC charger, for example, connected to the computer through the data line. At this time, the battery of the terminal device is charged through the power supply pin (VBUS) of the USB interface, and the current during the charging process is 500 mA.
  • VBUS power supply pin
  • the charger in the case that the USB interface has been determined to be connected to the charger, the charger may be a conventional charger in the prior art, and may also be used in conjunction with the terminal device in the disclosed embodiments.
  • a charger that performs a fast charge that is, a preset charger. Therefore, it is also necessary to perform a corresponding charging operation according to the type of the charger. Therefore, after S101, the method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include: performing a corresponding charging operation according to the detected voltages of the first data pin and the second data pin of the USB interface.
  • the charging method may include:
  • step S120 may further include:
  • step S120 may further include:
  • the terminal device may detect the voltages of the first data pin (D-) and the second data pin (D+) on the USB interface in a manner similar to a high-pass protocol, thereby performing subsequent steps according to the detected voltage. Charging operation.
  • the charger is a charger with a switch (ie, the above preset) The charger) can perform a switching operation by the first switching switch and instruct the second switching switch of the preset charger to perform a switching operation.
  • the charging method is to charge the battery of the terminal device through the power pin (VBUS) of the USB interface and the first data pin (D-).
  • the first data pin (D-) of the USB interface When it is detected that the first data pin (D-) of the USB interface is low and the second data pin (D+) is high, only the first data pin (D-) and the first inside the charger are indicated.
  • the two data pins (D+) are shorted and do not have a toggle switch (ie, a normal charger).
  • the first switch of the terminal device does not need to perform a switching operation, and directly performs a charging operation, that is, charging the battery of the terminal device through a power pin (VBUS) of the USB interface.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, and when the processor executes the computer executable instructions, the following operations are performed:
  • the processor before performing step S210, the processor further performs the following operations:
  • S200 Determine whether the USB interface of the terminal device is connected to the charger
  • the processor further performs the following operations:
  • a corresponding charging operation is performed according to the detected voltages of the first data pin and the second data pin of the USB interface.
  • the step of “performing a corresponding charging operation according to the detected voltage” may include:
  • the charger After detecting that the first data pin of the USB interface is at a high level and the second data pin is at a low level, determining that the charger is a preset charger, thereby passing the power pin and the first data of the USB interface The pin charges the battery of the terminal device;
  • the charger When it is detected that the first data pin of the USB interface is low level and the second data pin is high level, it is determined that the charger is a normal charger, so that the power supply pin through the USB interface is the battery of the terminal device. Charging.
  • a program to instruct related hardware e.g., a processor
  • a computer readable storage medium such as a read only memory, disk or optical disk. Wait.
  • all or part of the steps of the above embodiments may also be implemented using one or more integrated circuits.
  • each module/unit in the above embodiment may be implemented in the form of hardware, for example, by implementing an integrated circuit to implement its corresponding function, or may be implemented in the form of a software function module, for example, executing a program stored in the memory by a processor. / instruction to achieve its corresponding function.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to any specific form of combination of hardware and software.

Abstract

一种终端设备、充电器、充电系统和充电方法。该终端设备包括：被配置为与充电器的通用串行总线USB插头配合连接的USB接口（11）和第一切换开关（12）；该USB接口（11）包括电源管脚、接地管脚、第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚；该第一切换开关（12），被配置为在终端设备检测到该USB接口（11）与预置充电器连接时，将该USB接口（11）的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接。

Description

一种终端设备、充电器、充电系统和充电方法 技术领域
本公开涉及但不限于计算机技术领域，具体涉及一种终端设备、充电器、充电系统和充电方法。
背景技术
随着计算机技术的发展，终端设备(例如智能手机)在硬件配置上得到了高速发展。然而，终端设备的续航能力成为行业内的短板，也成为目前需要提高的重要技术指标。
在终端设备的厚度、尺寸、重量等因素的限制下，很难单纯地通过增加电池容量来提高其续航能力。在电池容量确定的情况下，运用快速充电技术来缩短充电时间成为改善续航能力的重要途径。现有技术中的快速充电方案通常存在以下几点问题：第一，低电压高电流模式的快速充电方案中，充电路径上需要定制专用的通用串行总线(Universal Serial Bus，简称为：USB)连接器、特制的充电器、电池、电池连接器和数据线，才能实现快速充电的效果；第二、高电压低电流模式的快速充电方案中，需要特定的高压充电器，并且电流受限于充电接口的过流能力。通常地，充电接口中电源管脚(VBUS)的最大过流能力为1.8安(A)，从而造成快速充电能力受限的问题。
综上所述，由于充电方式受限于充电路径上硬件配置以及受限于充电接口的最大过流能力，因而导致快速充电能力受限较大的问题。
发明内容
本公开的实施例提供了一种终端设备、充电器、充电系统和充电方法。
第一方面，本公开的一个实施例提供一种终端设备，包括：被配置为与充电器的通用串行总线USB插头配合连接的USB接口和第一切换开关；所述USB接口包括电源管脚、接地管脚、第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚；所述第一切换开关被配置为在所述终端设备检测到所述 USB接口与预置充电器连接的情况下，将所述USB接口的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接。
第二方面，本公开的一个实施例还提供一种充电器，包括：被配置为与终端设备的通用串行总线USB接口配合连接的USB插头和第二切换开关；所述USB插头包括电源管脚、接地管脚、第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚，其中，所述第一数据管脚与所述第二数据管脚短接；所述第二切换开关被配置为在所述USB插头插入终端设备的USB接口的情况下，根据所述终端设备的指示断开所述USB插头的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的短接，将所述USB插头的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接。
第三方面，本公开的一个实施例还提供一种充电系统，包括：上述终端设备，以及上述的充电器。
第四方面，本公开的一个实施例还提供一种充电方法，包括：判断与终端设备连接的充电器是否为预置充电器；在判断出所述充电器为所述预置充电器的情况下，断开所述预置充电器中USB插头的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的短接，将所述USB插头的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接，并将所述终端设备中USB接口的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接。
第五方面，本公开的一个实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令，其中，在处理器执行所述计算机可执行指令时，所述计算机可执行指令执行如下操作：判断与终端设备连接的充电器是否为预置充电器；在判断出所述充电器为所述预置充电器的情况下，断开所述预置充电器中USB插头的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的短接，将所述USB插头的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接，并将所述终端设备中USB接口的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本公开技术方案的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分。应当理解的是，附图与本申请的实施例一起用于解释本公开的技术方案，并不构成对本公开技术方案的限制。
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种终端设备的结构示意图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的另一种终端设备的结构示意图；
图3为本公开实施例提供的又一种终端设备的结构示意图；
图4为本公开实施例提供的一种充电器的结构示意图；
图5为本公开实施例提供的另一种充电器的结构示意图；
图6为本公开实施例提供的一种充电系统的结构示意图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的一种充电方法的流程示意图；
图8为本公开实施例提供的另一种充电方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下文中将结合附图对本公开的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
在附图的流程图示出的步骤可以在诸如一组计算机可执行指令的计算机系统中执行。并且，虽然在流程图中示出了逻辑顺序，但是在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤。
在描述本公开实施例提供的快速充电方式之前，先简单介绍影响充电速度的几个指标，由于充电功率满足以下公式：
功率(P)＝电压(V)*电流(I)。
根据上述公式，在电池电量一定的情况下，功率大小标志着充电速度的快慢。因此，提高充电速度重要采用以下两个方向：
第一，低电压高电流的充电模式。在电压一定的情况下，增加的电流可以使用并联电路的方式进行分流。恒定电压下，进行并联分流之后的每个电路所分担的电压越小，在终端设备中每条电路所承受的电压也就越小。然而，在低电压高电流的充电方案中，需要定制专用的多管脚(pin)数的USB连接器、特制的充电器、电池、电池连接器和数据线，才能实现快速充电的效果。
可以看出，低电压高电流的充电模式，对充电器、终端设备以及充电数据线等电子元件的要求较高，提高了整体设计和生产的成本。
第二，高电压低电流的充电模式。在高通QC2.0快充协议中，手机通过USB上D+、D-与充电器进行通讯，通过规定的充电器可以输出可以5V、9V、12V，20V的电压。在QC3.0快充协议中，充电器可以输出3.6V～20V任意电压，步进为200毫伏(mV)。在能够完成限定的充电电流的情况下，使充电器输入最小电压。可以允许充电线路正极(VCHG)和电源电压(VBAT)接近，以减少开关变换的损耗，提升充电效率并改善发热的问题。
另外，在台湾联发科技股份有限公司(MediaTek.Inc，简称为：MTK)的PE2.0快充协议中，通过PE+调整VBUS电流，作为握手指令。
上述高通和MTK的快速充电方案都需要用特定的高压充电器，电压的提高会带来发热问题。此外，电流受限于充电接口的过流能力。通常，受VBUS限制的电流的最大过流能力为1.8A。
由于现有技术中的快速充电方案，充电方式受限于硬件配置和充电接口的最大过流能力，目前亟需提供一种可以提高快速充电能力的充电方案。
下面通过具体的实施例对本公开的技术方案进行详细说明，本公开以下各实施例中的终端设备为通过USB接口进行充电的终端设备，例如为智能手机、平板电脑、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，简称为：PDA)等移动终端。相应地，本公开实施例中的充电器配置有与上述USB接口相适应的USB插头。本公开提供以下几个具体的实施例可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例不再赘述。
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种终端设备的结构示意图。本实施例提供的终端设备适用于执行快速充电的情况。在本实施例中，终端设备10可以包括：被配置为与充电器的USB插头配合连接的USB接口11和第一切换开关12。
这里，USB接口11包括电源管脚、接地管脚、第一数据管脚和 第二数据管脚。图1所示终端设备10中的电源管脚、接地管脚、第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚分别表示为VBUS、GND、D-和D+。
需要说明的是，本公开实施例中的USB接口11和USB插头为具有第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)的USB。例如，USB接口11和USB插头可以为Micro USB接口和USB插头，还可以为USB-C(也称Type-C)接口和USB-C插头。USB接口和USB插头可以配合使用。
通常，在充电器侧，与USB接口配合使用的USB插头的第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)为短接关系。因此，在充电过程中，第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)处于空闲状态。在充电时，充电器仅通过USB插头的电源管脚(VBUS)向终端设备的USB接口传输充电电流。该VBUS的最大过流能力为1.8A。
以终端设备为智能手机为例予以说明，智能手机的充电电压默认为5V。因此，在充电电压确定的情况下，充电电流受限于1.8A的最大过流能力。这使得现有技术中快速充电能力受限较大，很难提高充电速度。
第一切换开关12被配置为在终端设备10检测到USB接口11与预置充电器连接时，将USB接口11的第一数据管脚(D-)与电源管脚(VBUS)短接，第二数据管脚(D+)与接地管脚(GND)短接。
在本实施例中，第一切换开关12可以为双刀双掷开关，其中一个开关被配置为切换第一数据管脚(D-)的连接关系，另一个开关被配置为切换第二数据管脚(D+)的连接关系。通过在终端设备10中设置的第一切换开关12，在终端设备10的USB接口11连接充电器并完成对该充电器的枚举识别后，具体在终端设备10检测出USB接口11与预置充电器连接时，将USB接口11的第一数据管脚(D-)与电源管脚(VBUS)短接，第二数据管脚(D+)与接地管脚(GND)短接。此时，电源和地线都被分配了2个管脚(Pin)。也就是说，电源分配了电源管脚(VBUS)和第一数据管脚(D-)，地线分配了接地管脚(GND)和第二数据管脚(D+)，并且电流的流向从电源管脚(VBUS)回流到接地管脚(GND)。按照这种方式，可以实现在USB接口11上流 过大电流。根据本实施例，通过第一切换开关12的切换功能，在第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)上分担充电电流，从而可以提高USB接口11的最大过流能力。
在实际应用中，现有技术的充电过程中通过USB接口的电源管脚(VBUS)对终端设备进行充电，充电电流的最大过流能力限制为1.8A。根据本公开的实施例，通过第一切换开关12的切换功能，在第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)上分担充电电流，充电过程中通过USB接口11的电源管脚(VBUS)和第一数据管脚(D-)对终端设备10进行充电，可以将充电电流的最大过流能力提高一倍。也就是说，最大过流能力可以提高到3.6A。因此，可以在很大程度上提高充电速度，即提高了快速充电的能力。
需要说明的是，上述预置充电器为专门为本公开实施例提供的终端设备10设计的充电器，该预置充电器具有与终端设备10相应地结构(即切换开关)。在对终端设备10进行充电时，预置充电器可以实现快速充电的效果。
在本公开实施例提供的终端设备中，配置有用于与充电器的USB插头配合连接的USB接口和第一切换开关。通过第一切换开关的切换功能，在终端设备检测到USB接口与预置充电器连接时，将USB接口的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接。这样，可以通过USB接口的电源管脚和第一数据管脚为终端设备充电，在很大程度上提高了充电电流的最大过流能力。本公开实施例提供的终端设备，解决了现有技术中的快速充电方案受各种因素限制的影响，难以提高快速充电能力的问题。
可选地，图2为本公开实施例提供的另一种终端设备的结构示意图。如图2所示，本实施例提供的终端设备10还可以包括：
通过第一切换开关12与USB接口11连接的充电管理模块13，该充电管理模块13的电源管脚(VBUS)、接地管脚(GND)、第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)分别与USB接口11的电源管脚(VBUS)、接地管脚(GND)、第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)相连接。
本实施例中的充电管理模块13例如为一充电芯片。该充电管理模块13可以设置于终端设备10的处理器内部，也可以设置于处理器的外部。该充电管理模块13通过上述与USB接口11中各管脚的连接关系，可以实现对预置充电器侧切换开关的控制。在实际应用中，该充电管理模块13，被配置为通过USB接口11的第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)与预置充电器进行通信，并且在检测到预置充电器与终端设备10正常连接后，延迟2秒(s)，随后，指示该预置充电器的第二切换开关断开USB插头的第一数据管脚和(D-)第二数据管脚(D+)的短接，将USB插头的第一数据管脚(D-)与电源管脚(VBUS)短接，第二数据管脚(D+)与接地管脚(GND)短接。需要说明的是，预置充电器中的第二切换开关同样可以为一双刀双掷开关，其中一个开关被配置为切换第一数据管脚(D-)的连接关系，另一个开关被配置为切换第二数据管脚(D+)的连接关系。
通常，在充电器的USB插头中，第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)为短接关系。在充电过程中，上述第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)处于空闲状态，即不分担充电电流。与图1所示终端设备10中第一切换开关12相比，终端设备10不仅可以通过该第一切换开关12将本端USB接口11的第一数据管脚(D-)与电源管脚(VBUS)短接，第二数据管脚(D+)与接地管脚(GND)短接，还可以通过充电管理模块13指示预置充电器侧的第二切换开关执行相应地切换操作，从而在充电过程中采用在第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)上分担充电电流，实现提高USB接口11的最大过流能力的需求。
可选地，在实际应用中，在终端设备10的USB接口11插入USB插头时，该USB插头可能是某一充电器的插头，也可能是其它器件的插头，例如通过电脑连接的数据线的插头。
在一个示例性实施例中，充电管理模块13，还被配置为在检测到USB接口11中插入USB插头时，判断出该USB插头中的第一数据管脚(D-)是否与第二数据管脚(D+)短接，并且在判断出短接时，确定USB接口11与充电器连接。
上述已经说明，在常规充电器的设计中，USB插头中的第一数据管脚(D-)与第二数据管脚(D+)短接。终端设备10的充电管理模块13可以通过对上述连接关系的判断，确定充电器或其它设备与其USB接口11连接。充电器为交流(Alternating Current，AC)充电方式。若上述USB插头为通过电脑连接的数据线的插头，则采用直流(Direct Current，DC)充电方式为终端设备10充电。具体地，判断与USB接口11连接的USB插头为充电器插头的条件为：USB插头中的第一数据管脚(D-)与第二数据管脚(D+)短接。
在另一个示例性实施例中，充电管理模块13，还被配置成在判断出USB插头中的第一数据管脚(D-)与第二数据管脚(D+)未短接时，确定终端设备10的USB接口11与非AC充电器连接，例如，通过数据线与电脑连接。此时，通过USB接口11的电源管脚(VBUS)为终端设备10的电池14充电，该充电过程中的电流为500mA。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，在充电管理模块13已经确定USB接口11与充电器连接的情况下，该充电器可能为通用充电器，还可能为本公开实施例中与终端设备10配合使用的被配置为执行快速充电的充电器，即预置充电器。因此，还需要根据充电器的类型执行相应的充电操作。
本公开实施例中充电管理模块13，还被配置为在USB接口11与充电器连接时，根据检测到的USB接口11的第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)的电压，执行相应的充电操作。
进一步地，在本公开实施例中，充电管理模块13根据检测到的电压，执行相应的充电操作的实现方式，可以包括：
当检测到USB接口11的第一数据管脚(D-)为高电平，第二数据管脚(D+)为低电平时，指示终端设备10的第一切换开关12将USB接口11的第一数据管脚(D-)与电源管脚(VBUS)短接，第二数据管脚(D-)与接地管脚(GND)短接后，通过USB接口11的电源管脚(VBUS)和第一数据管脚(D-)为终端设备10的电池14充电；
当检测到USB接口11的第一数据管脚(D-)为低电平，第二数据管脚(D+)为高电平时，通过USB接口11的电源管脚(VBUS)为 终端设备10的电池14充电。
在本公开实施例中，终端设备10可以通过类似高通协议的方式，检测USB接口11上第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)的电压，从而根据检测出的电压执行后续充电操作。在实际应用中，当检测到第一数据管脚(D-)为高电平，第二数据管脚(D+)为低电平时，表示充电器为带切换开关的充电器(即上述预置充电器)，则可以通过第一切换开关12执行切换操作，并指示预置充电器的第二切换开关执行切换操作。此时，充电方式为通过USB接口11的电源管脚(VBUS)和第一数据管脚(D-)为终端设备10的电池14充电。当检测到USB接口11的第一数据管脚(D-)为低电平，第二数据管脚(D+)为高电平时，仅表示充电器内部的第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)短接，并且不带切换开关(即普通充电器)。此时，终端设备10的第一切换开关12不需要执行切换操作，直接执行充电操作，即通过USB接口11的电源管脚(VBUS)为终端设备10的电池14充电。
图3为本公开实施例提供的又一种终端设备10的结构示意图。图3示出了电池14的结构。该电池14与充电管理模块13相连接，并且电池14的电源管脚(VBUS)、接地管脚(GND)、第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)一一对应的与充电管理模块13的电源管脚(VBUS)、接地管脚(GND)、第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)相连接。当终端设备10的USB接口11连接充电器并完成对该充电器的枚举识别后，第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)原来的短接就通过第一切换开关12断开，并且一一对应的分配到电源管脚(VBUS)和接地管脚(GND)上。
图4为本公开实施例提供的一种充电器的结构示意图。本实施例提供的充电器适用于快速充电。该充电器20可以包括：被配置为与上述实施例提供的终端设备的USB接口配合连接的USB插头21和第二切换开关22。
在一个示例性实施例中，USB插头21包括电源管脚、接地管脚、第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚，并且第一数据管脚与第二数据管脚短接。图4所示充电器20中的电源管脚、接地管脚、第一数据管脚和第 二数据管脚分别表示为VBUS、GND、D-和D+。
需要说明的是，本公开实施例中的USB接口和USB插头21为具有第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)的USB，例如可以为Micro USB接口或插头，还可以为USB-C接口或插头，并且满足USB接口和USB插头可以配合使用。
在常规的充电方式中，在充电器侧，充电器的USB插口的设计方案包括第一数据管脚(D-)与第二数据管脚(D+)为短接关系。因此，在充电过程中，第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)处于空闲状态；而在充电时，充电器仅通过USB插头的电源管脚(VBUS)向终端设备的USB接口传输充电电流，其中，该VBUS的最大过流能力为1.8A。
同样以终端设备为智能手机为例予以说明。智能手机的充电电压默认为5V。因此，在充电电压确定的情况下，充电电流受限于1.8A的最大过流能力，这使得现有技术中快速充电能力受限较大，很难提高充电速度。
第二切换开关22被配置为在USB插头21插入终端设备的USB接口时，根据终端设备的指示断开USB插头21的第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)的短接，将USB插头21的第一数据管脚(D-)与电源管脚(VBUS)短接，第二数据管脚(D+)与接地管脚(GND)短接。
在本公开实施例中，第二切换开关22同样可以为一双刀双掷开关，其中一个开关被配置为切换第一数据管脚(D-)的连接关系，另一个开关被配置为切换第二数据管脚(D+)的连接关系。在该充电器20与终端设备的USB接口连接的情况下，在终端设备完成对该充电器20的枚举识别后，可以根据终端设备的指示通过在充电器20中设置的第二切换开关22断开USB插头21的第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)的短接，将USB插头21的第一数据管脚(D-)与电源管脚(VBUS)短接，第二数据管脚(D+)与接地管脚(GND)短接。本公开实施例通过第二切换开关22的切换功能，在充电过程中采用在第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)上分担充电电流，从而可以 提高USB接口的最大过流能力。
在实际应用中，通常通过USB插头的电源管脚(VBUS)向终端设备传输充电电流，充电电流的最大过流能力限制为1.8A。本公开实施例通过第二切换开关22的切换功能，在第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)上分担充电电流，充电过程中通过USB插头21的电源管脚(VBUS)和第一数据管脚(D-)向终端设备传输充电电流，可以将充电电流的最大过流能力提高一倍，即最大过流能力可以提高到3.6A。因此，可以在很大程度上提高充电速度，即提高了快速充电的能力。
需要说明的是，本公开实施例提供的充电器20为与上述图1到图3所示任一实施例中的终端设备配合使用的充电器20。该充电器20具有与终端设备相对应的结构(即第二切换开关22)。在其对终端设备进行充电时，可以实现快速充电的效果。
本公开实施例提供的充电器，配置有用于与终端设备的USB接口配合连接的USB插头和第二切换开关，通过第二切换开关的切换功能，在USB插头插入终端设备的USB接口时，可以根据终端设备的指示断开USB插头的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的短接，将USB插头的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短。这样，可以通过USB插头的电源管脚和第一数据管脚向终端设备传输充电电流，在很大程度上提高了充电电流的最大过流能力。本公开实施例提供的充电器，解决了现有技术中的快速充电方案受各种因素限制的影响，难以提高快速充电能力的问题。
图5为本公开实施例提供的另一种充电器的结构示意图。图5示出了充电器20的USB插头21与终端设备10的USB接口11的连接方式。在实际应用中，充电器20的USB插头21的电源管脚(VBUS)、接地管脚(GND)、第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)分别与USB接口的电源管脚(VBUS)、接地管脚(GND)、第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)相连接。
在一个示例性实施例中，第二切换开关22被配置为通过USB插头21的第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)与终端设备进行通 信。
第二切换开关22还被配置为在断开USB插头21的第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)的短接，将USB插头21的第一数据管脚(D-)与电源管脚(VBUS)短接，第二数据管脚(D+)与接地管脚(GND)短接后，通过USB插头21的电源管脚(VBUS)和第一数据管脚(D-)向终端设备的USB接口传输充电电流。
在本公开实施例中，USB插头21中的第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)为与终端设备进行通信的管脚，并且可以接收终端设备发送的指示。终端设备在检测到与该充电器20正常连接后，延迟2秒(s)，随后指示该充电器20的第二切换开关22断开USB插头21的第一数据管脚和(D-)第二数据管脚(D+)的短接，将USB插头21的第一数据管脚(D-)与电源管脚(VBUS)短接，第二数据管脚(D+)与接地管脚(GND)短接。此时，充电器20可以通过USB插头21的电源管脚(VBUS)和第一数据管脚(D-)向终端设备的USB接口传输充电电流。
需要说明的是，终端设备在指示充电器20的第二切换开关22执行切换操作后，同样需要在中的终端设备侧执行相应地切换操作。终端设备侧的操作上述实施例中已经详细说明，故在此不再赘述。
图6为本公开实施例提供的一种充电系统的结构示意图。本公开实施例提供的充电系统30包括：终端设备10和充电器20。
这里，本公开实施例中的终端设备10为上述图1到图3所示任一实施例中的终端设备10(图6所示实施例中的终端设备10以图1所示终端设备10为例予以示出)，充电器20为上述图4或图5所示任一实施例中的充电器20。本公开实施例中的充电系统30具有与上述终端设备10和充电器20相同的硬件结构，可以有效的提高快速充电性能。
图7为本公开实施例提供的一种充电方法的流程示意图。本实施例提供的终端设备适用于执行快速充电的情况。该充电方法可以由本公开实施例中的充电系统执行。该充电方法可以包括如下步骤：
S110，判断与终端设备连接的充电器是否为预置充电器。
本公开的实施例涉及一种提高充电速度的充电方法。该充电方法可以通过相互配合的终端设备和预置充电器执行，该预置充电器不同于现有技术中的普通充电器。因此，在终端设备进行充电器，可以先判断与其连接的是否为本公开实施示例中的预置充电器，即是否为图4或图5所示任一实施例中的充电器。
在实施例中，用于执行充电方法的充电系统可以参照图6所示充电系统。终端设备中的连接关系以及终端设备与充电器的连接关系可以参考图1到图3所示任一实施例中的终端设备。预置充电器中的连接关系以及预置充电器与终端设备的连接关系可以参照图4或图5所示任一实施例中的充电器。
S120，在判断出充电器为预置充电器的情况下，断开该预置充电器中USB插头的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的短接，将USB插头的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接，并将终端设备中USB接口的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接。
需要说明的是，本公开实施例中的USB接口和USB插头同样为具有第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)的USB。例如，USB接口和USB插头可以为Micro USB接口和Micro USB插头，还可以为USB-C(也称Type-C)接口和USB-C插头。满足USB接口和USB插头可以配合使用。
通常，在充电器侧，与USB接口配合使用的USB插头的第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)为短接关系。因此，在充电过程中，第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)处于空闲状态。在充电时，充电器仅通过USB插头的电源管脚(VBUS)向终端设备的USB接口传输充电电流。该VBUS的最大过流能力为1.8A。
在本公开实施例中，若判断出与终端设备连接的为预置充电器，则可以使用快速充电方案进行充电。此时，终端设备完成对该充电器的枚举识别后，在充电器侧，可以断开该预置充电器中第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)的短接，并将将USB插头的第一数据管脚(D-)与电源管脚(VBUS)短接，第二数据管脚(D+)与接地管 脚(GND)短接。在终端设备侧，可以将USB接口的第一数据管脚(D-)与电源管脚(VBUS)短接，第二数据管脚(D+)与接地管脚(GND)短接。此时，电源和地线都被分配了2个管脚(Pin)。也就是说，电源分配了电源管脚(VBUS)和第一数据管脚(D-)，地线分配了接地管脚(GND)和第二数据管脚(D+)，并且电流的流向从电源管脚(VBUS)回流到接地管脚(GND)。按照这种方式，可以实现在USB接口11上流过大电流。通过上述USB插头和USB接口中管脚连接关系的改变，可以在充电过程中采用在第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)上分担充电电流，从而可以提高USB接口的最大过流能力。
在实际应用中，现有技术的充电过程中通过USB接口的电源管脚(VBUS)对终端设备进行充电，充电电流的最大过流能力限制为1.8A。根据本公开的实施例，通过在第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)上分担充电电流，充电过程中通过USB接口的电源管脚(VBUS)和第一数据管脚(D-)对终端设备进行充电，可以将充电电流的最大过流能力提高一倍。也就是说，最大过流能力可以提高到3.6A。因此，可以在很大程度上提高充电速度，即提高了快速充电的能力。
本公开实施例提供的充电方法为本公开上述实施例提供的充电系统的处理方法，此处省略其详细描述。
可选地，图8为本公开实施例提供的另一种充电方法的流程示意图。在实际应用中，在终端设备的USB接口插入USB插头时，该USB插头可能是某一充电器的插头，也可能是其它器件的插头，例如通过电脑连接的数据线的插头。因此，在步骤S110之前，本公开实施例提供的方法还可以包括：
S100，判断终端设备的USB接口是否与充电器相连接；
S101，在检测到USB插头的第一数据管脚与第二数据管脚短接的情况下，确定终端设备与充电器连接。
在常规充电器的设计中，USB插头中的第一数据管脚(D-)与第二数据管脚(D+)短接。终端设备可以通过对上述连接关系的判断，确定充电器或其它设备与其USB接口连接。充电器为AC充电方式。若上述USB插头为通过电脑连接的数据线的插头，则采用DC充电方 式为终端设备充电。具体地，判断与终端设备的USB接口连接的器件是否充电器的条件为：USB插头中的第一数据管脚(D-)与第二数据管脚(D+)短接。
另一方面，本公开实施例提供的方法还可以包括：
S102，在检测到USB插头的第一数据管脚与第二数据管脚未短接的情况下，通过USB接口的电源管脚为终端设备的电池充电。
在本公开实施例中，当上述检测结果为未短接时，说明终端设备的USB接口与非AC充电器连接，例如通过数据线与电脑连接。此时，通过USB接口的电源管脚(VBUS)为终端设备的电池充电，该充电过程中的电流为500mA。
在本公开实施例中，在已经确定USB接口与充电器连接的情况下，该充电器可能为现有技术中的普通充电器，还可能为本公开实施例中与终端设备配合使用的用于执行快速充电的充电器，即预置充电器。因此，还需要根据充电器的类型执行相应的充电操作。因此，在S101之后，本公开实施例提供的方法还可以包括：根据检测到的USB接口的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的电压，执行相应的充电操作。
本公开实施例在实际应用中，充电方法可以包括：
S110，根据检测到的USB接口的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的电压，判断充电器是否为预置充电器；
S111，在检测到USB接口的第一数据管脚为高电平，第二数据管脚为低电平的情况下，确定充电器为预置充电器；
S112，在检测到USB接口的第一数据管脚为低电平，第二数据管脚为高电平的情况下，确定充电器为普通充电器。
相应地，在本公开实施例中，在步骤S111之后，步骤S120可以进一步包括：
S121，断开预置充电器中USB插头的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的短接，将USB插头的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接，并将终端设备中USB接口的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接，从而通过USB接口的电源管脚和第一数据管脚为终端设备的电池充电。
在步骤S112之后，步骤S120可以进一步包括：
S122，通过USB接口的电源管脚为终端设备的电池充电。
在本公开实施例中，终端设备可以通过类似高通协议的方式，检测USB接口上第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)的电压，从而根据检测出的电压执行后续充电操作。在实际应用中，当检测到第一数据管脚(D-)为高电平，第二数据管脚(D+)为低电平时，表示充电器为带切换开关的充电器(即上述预置充电器)，则可以通过第一切换开关执行切换操作，并指示预置充电器的第二切换开关执行切换操作。此时，充电方式为通过USB接口的电源管脚(VBUS)和第一数据管脚(D-)为终端设备的电池充电。当检测到USB接口的第一数据管脚(D-)为低电平，第二数据管脚(D+)为高电平时，仅表示充电器内部的第一数据管脚(D-)和第二数据管脚(D+)短接，并且不带切换开关(即普通充电器)。此时，终端设备的第一切换开关不需要执行切换操作，直接执行充电操作，即通过USB接口的电源管脚(VBUS)为终端设备的电池充电。
本公开实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令，处理器执行该计算机可执行指令时，进行如下操作：
S210，判断与终端设备连接的充电器是否为预置充电器；
S220，在判断出充电器为预置充电器的情况下，断开预置充电器中USB插头的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的短接，将USB插头的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接，并将终端设备中USB接口的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接。
在本公开实施例中，在执行步骤S210之前，该处理器还进行如下操作：
S200，判断终端设备的USB接口是否与充电器相连接；
S201，在检测到USB插头的第一数据管脚与第二数据管脚短接的情况下，确定终端设备与充电器连接；
S202，在检测到USB插头的第一数据管脚与第二数据管脚未短接的情况下，通过USB接口的电源管脚为终端设备的电池充电。
本公开实施例中，该处理器还进行如下操作：
在终端设备与充电器连接的情况下，根据检测到的USB接口的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的电压，执行相应的充电操作。
在本公开实施例中，“根据检测到的电压，执行相应的充电操作”的步骤可以包括：
在检测到USB接口的第一数据管脚为高电平，第二数据管脚为低电平的情况下，确定充电器为预置充电器，从而通过USB接口的电源管脚和第一数据管脚为终端设备的电池充电；
在检测到USB接口的第一数据管脚为低电平，第二数据管脚为高电平的情况下，确定充电器为普通充电器，从而通过USB接口的电源管脚为终端设备的电池充电。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序来指令相关硬件(例如处理器)完成，所述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中，如只读存储器、磁盘或光盘等。可选地，上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用一个或多个集成电路来实现。相应地，上述实施例中的各模块/单元可以采用硬件的形式实现，例如通过集成电路来实现其相应功能，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现，例如通过处理器执行存储于存储器中的程序/指令来实现其相应功能。本公开实施例不限制于任何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。
虽然本公开所揭露的实施方式如上，但所述的内容仅为便于理解本公开而采用的实施方式，并非用以限定本公开。任何本公开所属领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本公开所揭露的精神和范围的前提下，可以在实施的形式及细节上进行任何的修改与变化，但本公开的专利保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种终端设备，包括：被配置为与充电器的通用串行总线USB插头配合连接的USB接口和第一切换开关；
    所述USB接口包括电源管脚、接地管脚、第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚；
    所述第一切换开关被配置为在所述终端设备检测到所述USB接口与预置充电器连接的情况下，将所述USB接口的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的终端设备，还包括：通过所述第一切换开关与所述USB接口连接的充电管理模块，所述充电管理模块的电源管脚、接地管脚、第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚分别与所述USB接口的电源管脚、接地管脚、第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚相连接；
    所述充电管理模块被配置为通过所述USB接口的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚与所述预置充电器进行通信，指示所述预置充电器的第二切换开关断开所述USB插头的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的短接，并指示所述预置充电器的第二切换开关将所述USB插头的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的终端设备，其中，
    所述充电管理模块被配置为在检测到所述USB接口中插入USB插头的情况下，判断所述USB插头中的第一数据管脚是否与第二数据管脚短接，并且在判断出短接的情况下，确定所述USB接口与充电器连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的终端设备，其中，
    所述充电管理模块被配置为在所述USB接口与所述充电器连接的情况下，根据检测到的所述USB接口的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的电压，执行相应的充电操作。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的终端设备，其中，
    所述充电管理模块进一步被配置成：
    在检测到所述USB接口的第一数据管脚为高电平，第二数据管脚为低电平的情况下，指示所述终端设备的第一切换开关将所述USB接口的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与所述接地管脚短接，并通过所述USB接口的电源管脚和第一数据管脚为所述终端设备的电池充电；
    在检测到所述USB接口的第一数据管脚为低电平，第二数据管脚为高电平的情况下，通过所述USB接口的电源管脚为所述终端设备的电池充电。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的终端设备，其中，
    所述充电管理模块还被配置成在判断出所述USB插头中的第一数据管脚与第二数据管脚未短接的情况下，通过所述USB接口的电源管脚为所述终端设备的电池充电。
  7. 一种充电器，包括：被配置为与终端设备的通用串行总线USB接口配合连接的USB插头和第二切换开关；
    所述USB插头包括电源管脚、接地管脚、第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚，其中，所述第一数据管脚与所述第二数据管脚短接；
    所述第二切换开关被配置为在所述USB插头插入终端设备的USB接口的情况下，根据所述终端设备的指示断开所述USB插头的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的短接，将所述USB插头的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的充电器，其中，所述USB插头的电源管脚、接地管脚、第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚分别与所述USB接口的电源管脚、接地管脚、第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚相连接；
    所述第二切换开关还被配置为通过所述USB插头的第一数据管 脚和第二数据管脚与所述终端设备进行通信；
    所述第二切换开关还被配置为在断开所述USB插头的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的短接，将所述USB插头的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接后，通过所述USB插头的电源管脚和第一数据管脚向所述终端设备的USB接口传输充电电流。
  9. 一种充电系统，包括：如权利要求1～6中任一项所述终端设备，以及如权利要求7或8所述的充电器。
  10. 一种充电方法，包括：
    判断与终端设备连接的充电器是否为预置充电器；
    在判断出所述充电器为所述预置充电器的情况下，断开所述预置充电器中USB插头的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的短接，将所述USB插头的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接，并将所述终端设备中USB接口的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的充电方法，其中，在所述判断与终端设备连接的充电器是否为预置充电器的步骤之前，所述方法还包括：
    判断所述终端设备的USB接口是否与充电器相连接；
    在检测到所述USB插头的第一数据管脚与第二数据管脚短接的情况下，确定所述终端设备与所述充电器连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的充电方法，还包括：
    在所述终端设备与所述充电器连接的情况下，根据检测到的所述USB接口的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的电压，执行相应的充电操作。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的充电方法，其中，所述根据检测到的电压，执行相应的充电操作的步骤，包括：
    在检测到所述USB接口的第一数据管脚为高电平，第二数据管脚为低电平的情况下，确定所述充电器为所述预置充电器，从而通过所述USB接口的电源管脚和第一数据管脚为所述终端设备的电池充电；
    在检测到所述USB接口的第一数据管脚为低电平，第二数据管脚为高电平的情况下，确定所述充电器为普通充电器，从而通过所述USB接口的电源管脚为所述终端设备的电池充电。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的充电方法，还包括：
    在检测到所述USB插头的第一数据管脚与第二数据管脚未短接的情况下，通过所述USB接口的电源管脚为所述终端设备的电池充电。
  15. 一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，其中，在处理器执行所述计算机可执行指令时，所述计算机可执行指令执行如下操作：
    判断与终端设备连接的充电器是否为预置充电器；
    在当判断出所述充电器为所述预置充电器的情况下，断开所述预置充电器中USB插头的第一数据管脚和第二数据管脚的短接，将所述USB插头的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接，并将所述终端设备中USB接口的第一数据管脚与电源管脚短接，第二数据管脚与接地管脚短接。
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