WO2019048475A1 - Circuit de traitement de tension flottante pour convertisseur photovoltaïque mppt à chemins multiples - Google Patents

Circuit de traitement de tension flottante pour convertisseur photovoltaïque mppt à chemins multiples Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019048475A1
WO2019048475A1 PCT/EP2018/073864 EP2018073864W WO2019048475A1 WO 2019048475 A1 WO2019048475 A1 WO 2019048475A1 EP 2018073864 W EP2018073864 W EP 2018073864W WO 2019048475 A1 WO2019048475 A1 WO 2019048475A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic inverter
comparator
voltage
switch transistor
resistor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/073864
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Guojiang HUANG
Original Assignee
Sma Solar Technology Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sma Solar Technology Ag filed Critical Sma Solar Technology Ag
Publication of WO2019048475A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019048475A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
    • G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to reversal of direct current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for electronic equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of photovoltaic techniques, in particular to a floating voltage processing circuit for a multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter.
  • Photovoltaic technique has been widely used as a technique by which light energy can be converted into electric energy directly.
  • the application of multipath MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT for short) photovoltaic inverters can effectively improve the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic systems and thus they are widely used in photovoltaic systems.
  • MPPT Maximum Power Point Tracking
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter in the prior art. As can be seen from FIG. 3, when PV1 in FIG.
  • the prior art has at least the following problems: the existing multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter often has one or more paths which are in a floated state during operation, floating voltage is generated when a reverse leakage current flows through a voltage sampling resistor due to the existence of a diode leakage current in the photovoltaic inverter, the existence of the floating voltage is harmful to the human body or the photovoltaic system, and the safety and the stability of the photovoltaic system are consequently reduced.
  • the purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a floating voltage processing circuit for a multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter, so as to effectively process floating voltage generated across a sampling resistor, reduce and even eliminate the floating voltage, and improve the safety and stability of the multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter.
  • the floating voltage processing circuit for the multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter provided by the embodiment of the present application is realized as follows.
  • a floating voltage processing circuit for a multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter includes:
  • a comparator unit including a comparator, a first divider resistor and a second divider resistor, herein the comparator includes a reference voltage end, an input end and an output end, a reference voltage at the reference voltage end is set to be a preset value, the first divider resistor and the second divider resistor are connected in series between a positive pole and a negative pole of the photovoltaic inverter, and the input end is connected between the first divider resistor and the second divider resistor; and
  • a load clamp control unit including a switch transistor, herein a base of the switch transistor is electrically connected with the output end of the comparator, a collector of the switch transistor is electrically connected with one end of a load resistor, the other end of the load resistor is electrically connected with the positive pole of the photovoltaic inverter, an emitter of the switch transistor is electrically connected with the negative pole of the photovoltaic inverter and the output end is used for controlling conduction or cutoff of the switch transistor.
  • the output end of the comparator when the voltage at the input end is greater than the reference voltage, the output end of the comparator outputs a low level
  • the output end of the comparator when the voltage at the input end is smaller than the reference voltage, the output end of the comparator outputs a high level.
  • a filter capacitor and a voltage regulator diode are further connected between the input of the comparator and the negative pole of the photovoltaic inverter, and the filter capacitor and the voltage regulator diode are connected in parallel between the input end and the negative pole of the photovoltaic inverter.
  • the load resistor is a variable resistor.
  • the voltage at the input end of the comparator is smaller than the reference voltage and the output end of the comparator outputs a high level to control the switch transistor to be conducted to shunt a diode leakage current in the photovoltaic inverter;
  • the voltage at the input end of the comparator is greater than the reference voltage and the output end of the comparator outputs a low level to control the switch transistor to be cut off.
  • the floating voltage processing circuit for the multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter By using the floating voltage processing circuit for the multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter provided by embodiments of the present application, whether the positive pole of the photovoltaic inverter is floated can be detected through the comparator unit and the corresponding level is output.
  • the load clamp control unit is controlled to be conducted or cut off through the output end of the comparator.
  • the output end of the comparator outputs a high level to control the switch transistor to be conducted to shun the leakage current, and thus the floating voltage generated across the sampling resistor can be effectively reduced and even eliminated, and further the safety and reliability of the multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter can be effectively improved.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a circuit structure and a first working state of a floating voltage processing circuit for a multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter provided in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a circuit structure and a second working state of a floating voltage processing circuit for a multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter provided in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter in the prior art.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a floating voltage processing circuit for a multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a circuit structure and a first working state of a floating voltage processing circuit for a multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter provided in one embodiment of the present application.
  • a method or device may include more or fewer operating steps or modular units based on common knowledge or without contributing any inventive labor.
  • steps or structures which do not have necessary causal relationships logically an executing sequence of these steps or a modular structure of the device is not limited to the executing sequence or modular structure illustrated in the embodiments or drawings of the present application.
  • the method or modular structure when applied in an actual device or terminal product, may be sequentially executed or concurrently executed according to the method or modular structure illustrated in the embodiments or drawings (e.g., in an environment with a parallel processor or multi-thread processing, even including an implementation environment for distributed processing).
  • a floating voltage processing circuit for a multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter may include a comparator unit 101 and a load clamp control unit 102.
  • the comparator unit 101 includes a comparator Q4, a first divider resistor R5 and a second divider resistor R6, the comparator Q4 includes a reference voltage end Vref, an input end u3 and an output end u4, the reference voltage at the reference voltage end Vref is set to be a preset value, the first divider resistor R5 and the second divider resistor R6 are connected in series between a positive pole PV1 and a negative pole PV- of the photovoltaic inverter, and the input end is connected between the first divider resistor R5 and the second divider resistor R6.
  • the load clamp control unit 102 includes a switch transistor Q3, a base of the switch transistor Q3 is electrically connected with the output end u4 of the comparator, a collector of the switch transistor Q3 is electrically connected with one end of a load resistor R10, the other end of the load resistor R10 is electrically connected with the positive pole PV1 of the photovoltaic inverter, an emitter of the switch transistor is electrically connected with the negative pole PV- of the photovoltaic inverter and the output end u4 is used for controlling conduction or cutoff of the switch transistor Q3.
  • the first working state refers to a state that the positive pole PV1 of the photovoltaic inverter is floated.
  • the setting of the reference voltage is not limited in the present application and may be performed by implementation personnel according to the actual circuit environment, as long as the output end u4 of the comparator Q4 can output a high level in the floated state of PV1.
  • the load resistor R10 may be a variable resistor, which can flexibly adjust the magnitude of the current of the switch transistor Q3 such that the effect of reducing the floating voltage can be flexibly adjusted.
  • the load R10 may also be configured to be a resistor with constant resistance, which is not limited in the present application.
  • a logical acting mode of the comparator Q4 is as follows:
  • the output end of the comparator when the voltage at the input end is smaller than the reference voltage, the output end of the comparator outputs a high level.
  • a filter capacitor C2 and a voltage regulator diode D3 are further connected between the input of the comparator Q4 and the negative pole PV- of the photovoltaic inverter, and the filter capacitor C2 and the voltage regulator diode D3 are connected in parallel between the input end u3 and the negative pole PV- of the photovoltaic inverter.
  • the filter capacitor C2 may play a role of filtering role
  • the voltage regulator diode D3 may play a pole as a voltage regulator and thus the working reliability of the comparator can be guaranteed.
  • the diode Dl in the photovoltaic inverter in the first working state, i.e., when PV1 is floated, the diode Dl in the photovoltaic inverter will generate a leakage current Irl with a current direction as illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the voltage at the input end of the comparator since the positive pole of the photovoltaic inverter is floated, the voltage at the input end of the comparator will be smaller than the reference voltage, the output end of the comparator outputs a high level to control the switch transistor to be conducted to shunt the diode leakage current Irl in the photovoltaic inverter, and the voltage is limited within a safety range through the load resistor RIO.
  • the floating voltage can be effectively reduced and even eliminated.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a circuit structure and a second working state of a floating voltage processing circuit for a multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter provided in this embodiment.
  • the load clamp control unit 102 will not cause an influence on the normal working of the photovoltaic inverter.
  • the load clamp control unit is controlled to be conducted or cut off through the output end of the comparator.
  • the output end of the comparator outputs a high level to control the switch transistor to be conducted to shunt the leakage current, and thus the floating voltage generated across the sampling resistor can be effectively reduced and even eliminated, and the safety and reliability of the multipath MPPT photovoltaic inverter can be effectively improved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un circuit de traitement de tension flottante pour un onduleur photovoltaïque MPPT à chemins multiples. Le circuit comprend : une unité de comparateur comprenant un comparateur, une première résistance de diviseur et une seconde résistance de diviseur, le comparateur comprenant une extrémité de tension de référence, une extrémité d'entrée et une extrémité de sortie, la première résistance de diviseur et la seconde résistance de diviseur étant montées en série entre un pôle positif et un pôle négatif de l'onduleur photovoltaïque, et l'extrémité d'entrée étant connectée entre la première résistance de diviseur et la seconde résistance de diviseur ; et une unité de commande de pince de charge comprenant un transistor de commutation. Une base du transistor de commutation est connectée électriquement à l'extrémité de sortie du comparateur, un collecteur du transistor de commutation est connecté électriquement à une extrémité d'une résistance de charge, l'autre extrémité de la résistance de charge est connectée électriquement au pôle positif de l'onduleur photovoltaïque, un émetteur du transistor de commutation est connecté électriquement au pôle négatif de l'onduleur photovoltaïque et l'extrémité de sortie est utilisée pour commander la conduction ou la coupure du transistor de commutation. Selon des modes de réalisation de la présente invention, une tension flottante produite à travers la résistance d'échantillonnage peut être efficacement traitée.
PCT/EP2018/073864 2017-09-07 2018-09-05 Circuit de traitement de tension flottante pour convertisseur photovoltaïque mppt à chemins multiples WO2019048475A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710798740.8 2017-09-07
CN201710798740.8A CN107437793A (zh) 2017-09-07 2017-09-07 一种多路mppt光伏逆变器浮压处理电路

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WO2019048475A1 true WO2019048475A1 (fr) 2019-03-14

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CN114244106B (zh) * 2021-12-31 2024-07-05 阳光电源（上海）有限公司 一种变换器及悬浮电压抑制方法

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