WO2019047415A1 - 轨迹跟踪方法和装置、存储介质、处理器 - Google Patents

轨迹跟踪方法和装置、存储介质、处理器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019047415A1
WO2019047415A1 PCT/CN2017/116856 CN2017116856W WO2019047415A1 WO 2019047415 A1 WO2019047415 A1 WO 2019047415A1 CN 2017116856 W CN2017116856 W CN 2017116856W WO 2019047415 A1 WO2019047415 A1 WO 2019047415A1
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Prior art keywords
target device
predetermined position
target
trajectory
predetermined
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PCT/CN2017/116856
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English (en)
French (fr)
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罗汉杰
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广州视源电子科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2019047415A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019047415A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/12Target-seeking control

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of robot navigation, and in particular to a trajectory tracking method and apparatus, a storage medium, and a processor.
  • Robot navigation technology is one of the core technologies in the field of robotics. Its research goal is to control the robot to obtain environmental information and determine its own state through sensors in a specific scene, to achieve self-positioning, and to plan autonomous activities to the target under the current specific scene. To complete the given task.
  • trajectory tracking is one of the classic problems. It requires the robot to run along a given trajectory.
  • the difficulty of the trajectory tracking problem lies in how to generate the robot control according to the current state of the robot and the given trajectory.
  • the signal makes the robot's running trajectory consistent with the given trajectory.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a trajectory tracking method and device, a storage medium and a processor, so as to at least solve the technical problem that the trajectory of the robot cannot be controlled to be consistent with the predetermined trajectory in the prior art.
  • a trajectory tracking method includes: acquiring a current location of a target device; determining a distance between the current location and a predetermined location in the preset target trajectory and a preset distance threshold; If it is determined that the distance between the current location and the predetermined location is greater than the preset distance threshold, generating a control command according to the current location and the predetermined location of the target device, where the control command includes the following information: angular velocity and linear velocity of the target device moving, The control command is used to control the target device to move from the current position to the predetermined position according to the angular velocity and the linear velocity.
  • the method further includes: if it is determined that the distance between the current position and the predetermined position is less than or equal to the preset distance threshold And determining a next predetermined position of the target trajectory, wherein the distance between the next predetermined position and the current position is greater than a preset distance threshold, and the next predetermined position is a next position of the predetermined position; according to the current position of the target device And a next predetermined position generating control instruction, wherein the control instruction is for controlling the target device to move from the current position to the next predetermined position according to the angular velocity and the linear velocity.
  • acquiring the current location of the target device includes: acquiring a location variable and a direction variable of the target device; and determining a current location of the target device according to the location variable and the direction variable.
  • the method before determining the distance between the current position and the predetermined position in the preset target trajectory and the preset distance threshold, the method further includes: the target trajectory The initial track point is determined as a predetermined position; the position variable and the direction variable of the predetermined position are acquired, wherein the current position and the preset target are determined according to the position variable and the direction variable of the target device, and the position variable and the direction variable of the predetermined position The distance to the predetermined position in the track.
  • generating a control instruction according to the current position and the predetermined position of the target device including: determining, according to the position variable and the direction variable of the current position, and the position variable and the direction variable of the predetermined position, determining that the target device moves from the current position to the predetermined position Navigation vector; normalizes the navigation vector to obtain the normalized navigation vector; obtains the angle value of the normalized navigation vector; and obtains the angle value according to the navigation vector and the normalized navigation vector Control instruction.
  • x t , y t are the position variables of the current position
  • ⁇ t is the direction variable of the current position
  • x tar is the position variable of the predetermined position
  • ⁇ tar is the direction variable of the predetermined position
  • F is the navigation vector
  • p n represents the abscissa of the target pose vector p
  • p m represents the ordinate of the target pose vector p.
  • navigation vector is normalized by the following method to obtain a normalized navigation vector:
  • F n is a normalized navigation vector
  • angle value of the normalized navigation vector is calculated by the following formula: Where ⁇ is the angle value of the normalized navigation vector.
  • control command is calculated by the following formula:
  • a t for the target device control commands at time t v linear target device moving linear velocity, v angular target device movement angular velocity, x t, y t position variable as the target device
  • ⁇ t is the target device
  • the direction variable, ⁇ is the angle value of the normalized navigation vector.
  • tanh is a hyperbolic tangent function
  • k u , k w are preset control parameters, where k u is the linear velocity of the control target device, and k w is the angular velocity of the control target device.
  • the method further includes: converting the control instruction into a control signal; and transmitting the control signal to the target device to control the target device to move according to the control signal.
  • a trajectory tracking apparatus including: an obtaining module configured to acquire a current location of a target device; and a determining module configured to determine a current location and a predetermined target trajectory The distance between the position and the preset distance threshold; the control module is configured to generate a control command according to the current position and the predetermined position of the target device if it is determined that the distance between the current position and the predetermined position is greater than the preset distance threshold, wherein
  • the control command includes the following information: angular velocity and linear velocity of the target device movement, and the control command is set to control the target device to move from the current position to the predetermined position according to the angular velocity and the linear velocity.
  • a storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein the program performs the trajectory tracking method of any of the above.
  • a processor for executing a program, wherein the trajectory tracking method of any one of the above is executed while the program is running.
  • the current position of the target device is obtained by using a loop control manner; the distance between the current position and the predetermined position in the preset target trajectory and the preset distance threshold are determined; if the current position is determined The distance from the predetermined position is greater than the preset distance threshold, and the control command is generated according to the current position and the predetermined position of the target device, wherein the control instruction includes the following information: angular velocity and linear velocity of the target device movement, and the control command is used for controlling The target device moves from the current position to the predetermined position according to the angular velocity and the linear velocity, and achieves the purpose of moving one track point of the robot and then one track point to the final position of the target track, thereby realizing the technique of controlling the running track of the robot and the predetermined track.
  • the effect further solves the technical problem that the trajectory of the robot cannot be controlled to be consistent with the predetermined trajectory in the prior art.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing the steps of a trajectory tracking method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optional target trajectory according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the steps of an optional trajectory tracking method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the steps of an optional trajectory tracking method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the steps of an optional trajectory tracking method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing the steps of an optional trajectory tracking method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an optional target device moving under navigation vector navigation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing the steps of an optional trajectory tracking method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing the steps of an optional trajectory tracking method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a trajectory tracking apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of steps of a trajectory tracking method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S102 Acquire a current location of the target device.
  • the target device may be a bionic device, and preferably, may be a robot.
  • the position where the robot is currently located may be acquired by a sensor or a positioning device provided in the robot, wherein the current position may include the following information: a position variable and a direction vector of the robot, wherein the robot
  • the position variable can be a position variable in the world coordinate system
  • the direction vector of the robot can be the orientation angle of the robot at the position.
  • step S104 the distance between the current position and the predetermined position in the preset target trajectory and the preset distance threshold are determined.
  • a target trajectory may be preset or given, the target trajectory is a trajectory that requires the robot to run along the trajectory, and a predetermined position may be selected on the target trajectory
  • FIG. 2 is based on A schematic diagram of an optional target trajectory according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the predetermined position may be any one of the trajectory points on the target trajectory, for example, s 0 , s 1 , s 2 , etc.;
  • the initial trajectory point s 0 on the target trajectory can be used to control the robot to move from the initial trajectory point to a predetermined position on the target trajectory along a given target trajectory, for example, the last trajectory point on the target trajectory.
  • the distance between the current position and the predetermined position in the preset target trajectory may be an Euler distance, wherein the Euler distance is a distance between two points in the Cartesian coordinate system, and may be calculated according to the Euler distance formula.
  • the preset distance threshold may be determined according to actual conditions.
  • the robot may be selected to move on the target trajectory or move along a target trajectory on a trajectory that is offset from the target trajectory by a predetermined distance.
  • the preset distance threshold may be 0, that is, the control robot moves on the target trajectory.
  • the current position of the robot can be determined according to the position variable and the direction vector of the predetermined position in the preset target trajectory according to the current position variable and the direction vector of the robot in the world coordinate system.
  • the distance from the predetermined position in the target trajectory can further determine the distance between the current position of the robot and the predetermined position in the target trajectory and the preset threshold size.
  • Step S106 if it is determined that the distance between the current location and the predetermined location is greater than the preset distance threshold, generating a control instruction according to the current location and the predetermined location of the target device, wherein the control instruction includes the following information: target The angular velocity and linear velocity of the device movement, and the control command is used to control the target device to move from the current position to the predetermined position according to the angular velocity and the linear velocity.
  • control instruction may include the following information: angular velocity and linear velocity of the target device movement, and is used to control the target device to move from the current position to the predetermined position according to the angular velocity and the linear velocity.
  • the robot when it is determined that the distance between the current position and the predetermined position is greater than the preset distance threshold, it indicates that the current position of the robot has deviated from the given target trajectory, and therefore, the robot can be controlled from the current location.
  • the position is moved to a predetermined position in the target trajectory.
  • a is a control command
  • v linear is the angular velocity
  • v angular is the linear velocity.
  • the controller may convert the control command into a control signal for controlling the motor in the robot, and send the control signal to the motor connected to the controller, and control the motor to perform a corresponding action.
  • a virtual navigation vector may be calculated according to a current position of the robot and a predetermined position in the target trajectory, wherein the navigation vector is directed from the current position of the robot to the predetermined position, and may be according to the navigation vector.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of steps of an optional trajectory tracking method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, in determining the current position and a preset target trajectory. After the distance between the predetermined position and the preset distance threshold, the method further includes the following steps:
  • Step S202 if it is determined that the distance between the current position and the predetermined position is less than or equal to the preset distance threshold, determining a next predetermined position of the target trajectory, wherein the distance between the next predetermined position and the current position is greater than a preset distance threshold, a predetermined position is a next position of the predetermined position;
  • Step S204 generating a control instruction according to the current position of the target device and the next predetermined position, wherein the control instruction is used to control the target device to move from the current position to the next predetermined position according to the angular velocity and the linear velocity.
  • the distance between the next predetermined position and the current position is preset to be greater than a preset distance threshold
  • the next predetermined position is a next position of the predetermined position, as shown in FIG. 2, in a case where the predetermined position is s 0
  • the next predetermined position may be s 1 .
  • the Euler distance between the next predetermined position and the current position is preset to be greater than a preset distance threshold, and the moving distance of the robot may be controlled.
  • the robot when it is determined that the distance between the current position and the predetermined position is greater than the preset distance threshold, it indicates that the robot is currently moving on the target trajectory, or is at a preset distance from the target trajectory along the target trajectory. Moving on one of the trajectories, therefore, based on the current position of the robot and the next predetermined position on the target trajectory, a control command is generated to control the movement of the robot to the next predetermined position.
  • control instruction may include: an angular velocity and a linear velocity of the target device movement, and is used to control the target device to move from the current position to the next predetermined position according to the angular velocity and the linear velocity according to the given angular velocity and the linear velocity.
  • path of the robot movement is consistent with the direction of the navigation vector.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of steps of an optional trajectory tracking method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, acquiring the current location of the target device includes the following steps:
  • Step S302 acquiring a position variable and a direction variable of the target device
  • Step S304 determining a current location of the target device according to the position variable and the direction variable.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart of steps of an optional trajectory tracking method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the initial trajectory point of the target trajectory is at a predetermined position. Next, before determining the distance between the current position and the predetermined position in the preset target trajectory and the preset distance threshold, the method further includes the following steps:
  • Step S402 determining an initial trajectory point of the target trajectory as a predetermined position
  • Step S404 acquiring a position variable and a direction variable of the predetermined position, wherein the distance between the current position and the predetermined position in the preset target track is determined according to the position variable and the direction variable of the target device, and the position variable and the direction variable of the predetermined position.
  • the predetermined position is an initial sub-target of the robot movement.
  • the Euler distance formula may be adopted according to the position variable and the direction variable of the target device, and the position variable and the direction variable of the predetermined position. The Euler distance between the current position and the predetermined position in the preset target trajectory is calculated.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of steps of an optional trajectory tracking method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, a control is generated according to a current location and a predetermined location of a target device.
  • the instructions include the following steps:
  • Step S502 determining a navigation vector that the target device moves from the current position to the predetermined position according to the position variable and the direction variable of the current position, and the position variable and the direction variable of the predetermined position;
  • Step S504 normalizing the navigation vector to obtain a normalized navigation vector
  • Step S506 obtaining an angle value of the normalized navigation vector.
  • Step S508 obtaining a control instruction according to the navigation vector and the angle value of the normalized navigation vector.
  • the navigation vector may be a vector having a direction to continuously guide the robot to move to a predetermined position, and may make the direction in which the robot moves to coincide with the orientation of the predetermined position.
  • the above normalization is a simple dimensionless processing calculation method, which also transforms a dimensional expression into a dimensionless expression and becomes a scalar.
  • generating the control instruction may be implemented by: first, according to the position variable and the direction variable of the current position, and the position variable and the direction variable of the predetermined position, Determining a navigation vector of the target device moving from the current position to the predetermined position, and normalizing the navigation vector to obtain a navigation vector after the normalization process, and secondly, obtaining the normalized navigation vector by formula calculation The angle value, finally, the control command is obtained according to the navigation vector and the angle value of the normalized navigation vector.
  • the navigation vector of the target device moving from the current location to the predetermined location is calculated by the following formula:
  • x t , y t are the position variables of the current position
  • ⁇ t is the direction variable of the current position
  • x tar is the position variable of the predetermined position
  • ⁇ tar is the direction variable of the predetermined position
  • F is the navigation vector
  • p n represents the abscissa of the target pose vector p
  • p m represents the ordinate of the target pose vector p.
  • the navigation vector is normalized by the following method to obtain a normalized navigation vector:
  • F n is a normalized navigation vector
  • the angle value of the normalized navigation vector is calculated by the following formula: Where ⁇ is the angle value of the normalized navigation vector.
  • control command is calculated by the following formula:
  • a t for the target device control commands at time t v linear target device moving linear velocity, v angular target device movement angular velocity, x t, y t position variable as the target device
  • ⁇ t is the target device
  • the direction variable, ⁇ is the angle value of the normalized navigation vector.
  • tanh is a hyperbolic tangent function
  • k u , k w are preset control parameters, and the specific values are adjusted according to specific tasks; wherein k u is the linear velocity of the control target device, and k w is the control target The angular velocity of the device.
  • the robot can be continuously guided to the predetermined position by the navigation vector with the direction, and the orientation of the robot tracking is consistent with the target. As shown in FIG. 7, under the action of the navigation vector, the robot will eventually Drive to the middle position as shown in Figure 7 and towards the right.
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart of steps of an optional trajectory tracking method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the image is generated according to a current location and a predetermined location of the target device. After controlling the instructions, the method further includes:
  • Step S602 converting the control command into a control signal
  • Step S604 sending a control signal to the target device to control the target device to move according to the control signal.
  • the controller may convert the control command into a control signal for controlling the motor in the robot, and send the control signal to the motor connected to the controller, and control the motor to perform a corresponding action.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of steps of an optional trajectory tracking method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the trajectory tracking method may be adopted. The following steps are implemented:
  • step S702 the initial track point s 0 in the target track S obj is preset as the initial sub-target s tar .
  • Step S704 acquiring the current location of the robot.
  • Step S706 calculating an Euler distance d between the current position and a predetermined position in the preset target trajectory.
  • Step S708 determining the magnitude of the Euler distance d and the preset distance threshold dstep .
  • step S712 If it is determined that the Euler distance d is greater than the preset distance threshold d step , the process proceeds to step S712 . If it is determined that the Euler distance d is less than or equal to the preset distance threshold d step , the process proceeds to step S710 .
  • Step S710 selecting the next track point in the Sobj as the new sub-target s tar according to the order, and preset the Euler distance d>d step between the current position of the robot and the new sub-target; if s tar is already S obj The last point, s tar does not change.
  • step S712 the control command a t is output according to a given control algorithm, and the robot executes the control command to run one step.
  • the algorithm in the proposed trajectory tracking method can be continuously circulated unless the user forces control to jump out.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a trajectory tracking device. It should be noted that the method steps provided in the foregoing Embodiment 1 can be performed in the apparatus for generating a test script provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a trajectory tracking apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the apparatus includes the following modules: an obtaining module 10, a determining module 12, and a control module 14, wherein
  • the obtaining module 10 is configured to acquire a current location of the target device; the determining module 12 is configured to determine the current bit Setting a distance from a predetermined position in the preset target trajectory and a preset distance threshold; the control module 14 is configured to determine, according to the target device, that the distance between the current position and the predetermined position is greater than a preset distance threshold
  • the current position and the predetermined position generate a control command, wherein the control command includes the following information: angular velocity and linear velocity of the target device movement, and the control command is used to control the target device to move from the current position to the predetermined position according to the angular velocity and the linear velocity.
  • the foregoing obtaining module 10, the determining module 12, and the control module 14 correspond to steps S102 to S106 in Embodiment 1, and the foregoing modules are the same as the examples and application scenarios implemented by the corresponding steps, but are not limited to the foregoing implementation.
  • the content disclosed in Example 1. It should be noted that the above modules may be implemented as part of a device in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions.
  • the foregoing obtaining module 10, the determining module 12, and the control module 14 may be run in a computer terminal as part of the device, and the functions implemented by the foregoing modules may be performed by a processor in the computer terminal, and the computer terminal may also be It is a smart phone (such as Android phone, iOS phone, etc.), tablet computer, applause computer, and mobile Internet devices (MID), PAD and other terminal devices.
  • each of the foregoing modules may be implemented by software or hardware.
  • the foregoing may be implemented by, but not limited to, the foregoing modules are located in the same processor; or Module bits are in any combination in different processors.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a storage medium, which comprises a stored program, and the program performs any one of the optional or preferred trajectory tracking methods described above.
  • the storage medium provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to store a program for performing the following functions: acquiring a current location of the target device; determining a distance between the current location and a predetermined location in the preset target trajectory and a preset distance threshold; When the distance between the current location and the predetermined location is greater than the preset distance threshold, a control command is generated according to the current location and the predetermined location of the target device, wherein the control command includes the following information: angular velocity and linear velocity of the target device movement, and the control command It is used to control the target device to move from the current position to the predetermined position according to the angular velocity and the linear velocity.
  • the storage medium provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to store a program for performing the following function: if it is determined that the distance between the current location and the predetermined location is less than or equal to the preset distance threshold, determining a next predetermined location of the target trajectory, wherein the next predetermined The distance between the position and the current position is greater than a preset distance threshold, and the next predetermined position is a next position of the predetermined position; generating a control instruction according to the current position of the target device and the next predetermined position, wherein the control instruction is used to control the target device according to The angular velocity and the linear velocity are moved from the predetermined position to the next predetermined position.
  • the storage medium provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to store a program that performs the following functions: acquiring a bit of a target device Set the variable and direction variables; determine the current position of the target device based on the position variable and the direction variable.
  • the storage medium configured to store a program that performs the following functions: determining an initial trajectory point of the target trajectory as a predetermined position; acquiring a position variable and a directional variable of the predetermined position, wherein, according to the position variable and the direction variable of the target device And a position variable and a direction variable of the predetermined position, and determining a distance between the current position and a predetermined position in the preset target trajectory.
  • the storage medium provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to store a program for performing a function of: determining a navigation vector of a target device moving from a current position to a predetermined position according to a position variable and a direction variable of a current position, and a position variable and a direction variable of a predetermined position; Normalizing the navigation vector to obtain the normalized navigation vector; obtaining the angle value of the normalized navigation vector; obtaining the control instruction according to the navigation vector and the angle value of the normalized navigation vector .
  • x t , y t are the position variables of the current position
  • ⁇ t is the direction variable of the current position
  • x tar is the position variable of the predetermined position
  • ⁇ tar is the direction variable of the predetermined position
  • F is the navigation vector
  • p n represents the abscissa of the target pose vector p
  • p m represents the ordinate of the target pose vector p.
  • the storage medium provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to store a program that performs the following functions: normalizing the navigation vector by: obtaining a normalized navigation vector:
  • F n is a normalized navigation vector
  • the storage medium provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used to store a program that performs the following functions: the angle value of the normalized navigation vector is calculated by the following formula: Where ⁇ is the angle value of the normalized navigation vector.
  • the storage medium provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used to store a program that performs the following functions:
  • the control instruction is calculated by the following formula:
  • a t for the target device control commands at time t v linear target device moving linear velocity, v angular target device movement angular velocity, x t, y t position variable as the target device
  • ⁇ t is the target device
  • the direction variable, ⁇ is the angle value of the normalized navigation vector.
  • tanh is a hyperbolic tangent function
  • k u , k w are preset control parameters, where k u is the linear velocity of the control target device, and k w is the angular velocity of the control target device.
  • the storage medium provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to store a program that performs the following functions: after generating a control instruction according to a current location and a predetermined position of the target device, the method further includes: converting the control instruction into a control signal; and transmitting the control signal to the target The device controls the target device to move according to the control signal.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a processor, wherein the processor is configured to execute a program, wherein the program runs any one of the optional or preferred trajectory tracking methods described above.
  • the processor provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to run a program that performs the following functions: acquiring a current location of the target device; determining a distance between the current location and a predetermined location in the preset target trajectory and a preset distance threshold; The distance between the current position and the predetermined position is greater than the preset distance threshold, and the control command is generated according to the current position and the predetermined position of the target device, wherein the control command includes the following information: angular velocity and linear velocity of the target device, and the control command is used.
  • the control target device moves from the current position to the predetermined position according to the angular velocity and the linear velocity.
  • the processor provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to run a program for performing the following function: if it is determined that the distance between the current location and the predetermined location is less than or equal to the preset distance threshold, determining a next predetermined location of the target trajectory, wherein the next predetermined location The distance from the current position is greater than a preset distance threshold, and the next predetermined position is a next position of the predetermined position; a control command is generated according to the current position of the target device and the next predetermined position, wherein the control command is used to control the target device according to the angular velocity And the line speed, moving from the predetermined position to the next predetermined position.
  • the processor provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to execute a program that performs the following functions: acquiring a position variable and a direction variable of the target device; and determining a current position of the target device according to the position variable and the direction variable.
  • the processor provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to run a program for: determining an initial track point of a target track as a predetermined position; acquiring a position variable and a direction variable of the predetermined position, wherein, according to the position variable and the direction variable of the target device, And a position variable and a direction variable of the predetermined position to determine the current position and the preset The distance from the predetermined position in the specified target trajectory.
  • the processor provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to execute a program for performing a function of: determining a navigation vector of a target device moving from a current position to a predetermined position according to a position variable and a direction variable of a current position, and a position variable and a direction variable of the predetermined position;
  • the navigation vector is normalized to obtain a normalized navigation vector; the angle value of the normalized navigation vector is obtained; and the control instruction is obtained according to the navigation vector and the angle value of the normalized navigation vector.
  • x t , y t are the position variables of the current position
  • ⁇ t is the direction variable of the current position
  • x tar is the position variable of the predetermined position
  • ⁇ tar is the direction variable of the predetermined position
  • F is the navigation vector
  • p n represents the abscissa of the target pose vector p
  • p m represents the ordinate of the target pose vector p.
  • the processor provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to run a program that performs the following functions: normalizing the navigation vector by: obtaining a normalized navigation vector:
  • F n is a normalized navigation vector
  • the processor provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to run a program that performs the following functions: the angle value of the normalized navigation vector is calculated by the following formula: Where ⁇ is the angle value of the normalized navigation vector.
  • the processor provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to run a program that performs the following functions: the control instruction is calculated by the following formula:
  • a t for the target device control commands at time t v linear target device moving linear velocity, v angular target device movement angular velocity, x t, y t position variable as the target device
  • ⁇ t is the target device
  • the direction variable, ⁇ is the angle value of the normalized navigation vector.
  • tanh is a hyperbolic tangent function
  • k u , k w are preset control parameters, where k u is the linear velocity of the control target device, and k w is the angular velocity of the control target device.
  • the processor provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to run a program that performs the following functions: converting a control instruction into a control signal; and transmitting a control signal to the target device to control the target device to move according to the control signal.
  • the disclosed technical contents may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the unit may be a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or may be Integrate into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, unit or module, and may be electrical or otherwise.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

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Abstract

一种轨迹跟踪方法和装置、存储介质、处理器。其中,该方法包括:获取目标设备的当前位置(S102);判断当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设距离阈值的大小(S104);若判断出当前位置与预定位置的距离大于预设距离阈值,则根据目标设备的当前位置和预定位置,生成控制指令(S106),其中,控制指令包括有以下信息:目标设备移动的角速度和线速度,控制指令用于控制目标设备根据角速度和线速度,从当前位置移动至预定位置。本方法解决了现有技术中,无法控制机器人的运行轨迹与预定轨迹一致的技术问题。

Description

轨迹跟踪方法和装置、存储介质、处理器 技术领域
本发明涉及机器人导航领域,具体而言,涉及一种轨迹跟踪方法和装置、存储介质、处理器。
背景技术
机器人导航技术是机器人领域的核心技术之一,其研究目标是控制机器人在特定的场景中,通过传感器获取环境信息和判断自身状态,实现自我定位,并且规划在当前特定场景下面向目标的自主活动,以完成给定的任务。
在机器人导航技术中,轨迹跟踪是其中的一个经典问题,它要求机器人沿着一条给定的轨迹运行,轨迹跟踪问题的难点在于,如何根据机器人的当前状态和给定的轨迹,生成机器人的控制信号,使得机器人运行轨迹跟给定轨迹一致。
针对上述现有技术中,无法控制机器人的运行轨迹与预定轨迹一致的问题,目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种轨迹跟踪方法和装置、存储介质、处理器,以至少解决现有技术中,无法控制机器人的运行轨迹与预定轨迹一致的技术问题。
根据本发明实施例的一个方面,提供了一种轨迹跟踪方法,包括:获取目标设备的当前位置;判断当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设距离阀值的大小;若判断出当前位置与预定位置的距离大于预设距离阀值,则根据目标设备的当前位置和预定位置,生成控制指令,其中,控制指令包括有以下信息:目标设备移动的角速度和线速度,控制指令用于控制目标设备根据角速度和线速度,从当前位置移动至预定位置。
进一步地,在判断当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设距离阀值的大小之后,方法还包括:若判断出当前位置与预定位置的距离小于等于预设距离阀值,则确定目标轨迹的下一预定位置,其中,下一预定位置与当前位置的距离大于预设距离阀值,下一预定位置为预定位置的下一个位置;根据目标设备的当前位置 和下一预定位置生成控制指令,其中,控制指令用于控制目标设备根据角速度和线速度,从当前位置移动至下一预定位置。
进一步地,获取目标设备的当前位置,包括:获取目标设备的位置变量和方向变量;根据位置变量和方向变量,确定目标设备的当前位置。
进一步地,在预定位置为目标轨迹的初始轨迹点的情况下,在判断当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设距离阀值的大小之前,方法还包括:将目标轨迹的初始轨迹点确定为预定位置;获取预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,其中,根据目标设备的位置变量和方向变量,以及预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,确定当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离。
进一步地,根据目标设备的当前位置和预定位置,生成控制指令,包括:根据当前位置的位置变量和方向变量,以及预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,确定目标设备从当前位置移动至预定位置的导航向量;归一化处理导航向量,得到归一化处理后的导航向量;获取归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值;根据导航向量和归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值,得到控制指令。
进一步地,通过如下公式计算得到目标设备从当前位置移动至预定位置的导航向量:预设当前位置为st=[xt,ytt],预设预定位置为star=[xtar,ytartar],预设预定位置的目标姿态向量p=[pn,pm]T=[cos(θtar),sin(θtar)]T
则,
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000001
其中,xt,yt为当前位置的位置变量,θt为当前位置的方向变量,xtar,ytar为预定位置的位置变量,θtar为预定位置的方向变量,F为导航向量,pn表示目标姿态向量p的横坐标,pm表示目标姿态向量p的纵坐标。
进一步地,通过如下方式归一化处理导航向量,得到归一化处理后的导航向量:
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000002
其中,Fn为归一化处理后的导航向量。
进一步地,通过如下公式计算得到归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值:
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000003
其中,φ为归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值。
进一步地,通过如下公式计算得到控制指令:
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000004
其中,at为目标设备在t时刻的控制指令,vlinear为目标设备移动的线速度,vangular为目标设备移动的角速度,xt,yt为目标设备的位置变量,θt为目标设备的方向变量,φ为归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值,
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000005
为φ的导数,tanh为双曲正切函数,ku,kw为预先设定的控制参数,其中ku为控制目标设备的线速度,kw为控制目标设备的角速度。
进一步地,在根据目标设备的当前位置和预定位置,生成控制指令之后,方法还包括:将控制指令转换为控制信号;发送控制信号至目标设备,以控制目标设备根据控制信号移动。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面,还提供了一种轨迹跟踪装置,包括:获取模块,设置为获取目标设备的当前位置;判断模块,设置为判断当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设距离阀值的大小;控制模块,设置为若判断出当前位置与预定位置的距离大于预设距离阀值,则根据目标设备的当前位置和预定位置,生成控制指令,其中,控制指令包括有以下信息:目标设备移动的角速度和线速度,控制指令设置为控制目标设备根据角速度和线速度,从当前位置移动至预定位置。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面,还提供了一种存储介质,存储介质包括存储的程序,其中,程序执行上述任意一项的轨迹跟踪方法。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面,还提供了一种处理器,处理器用于运行程序,其中,程序运行时执行上述任意一项的轨迹跟踪方法。
在本发明实施例中,采用循环控制的方式,通过获取目标设备的当前位置;判断当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设距离阀值的大小;若判断出当前位置与预定位置的距离大于预设距离阀值,则根据目标设备的当前位置和预定位置,生成控制指令,其中,控制指令包括有以下信息:目标设备移动的角速度和线速度,控制指令用于控制目标设备根据角速度和线速度,从当前位置移动至预定位置,达到了机器人一个轨迹点接着一个轨迹点移动至目标轨迹的最终位置的目的,从而实现了控制机器人的运行轨迹与预定轨迹一致的技术效果,进而解决了现有技术中,无法控制机器人的运行轨迹与预定轨迹一致的技术问题。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,构成本申请的一部分,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中:
图1是根据本发明实施例的一种轨迹跟踪方法的步骤流程图;
图2是根据本发明实施例的一种可选的目标轨迹的示意图;
图3是根据本发明实施例的一种可选的轨迹跟踪方法的步骤流程图;
图4是根据本发明实施例的一种可选的轨迹跟踪方法的步骤流程图;
图5是根据本发明实施例的一种可选的轨迹跟踪方法的步骤流程图;
图6是根据本发明实施例的一种可选的轨迹跟踪方法的步骤流程图;
图7是根据本发明实施例的一种可选的目标设备在导航向量导航下移动的示意图;
图8是根据本发明实施例的一种可选的轨迹跟踪方法的步骤流程图;
图9是根据本发明实施例的一种可选的轨迹跟踪方法的步骤流程图;以及
图10是根据本发明实施例的一种轨迹跟踪装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是,本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象,而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换,以便这里描述的本发明的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外,术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含,例如,包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元,而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
实施例1
根据本发明实施例,提供了一种轨迹跟踪方法实施例,需要说明的是,在附图的 流程图示出的步骤可以在诸如一组计算机可执行指令的计算机系统中执行,并且,虽然在流程图中示出了逻辑顺序,但是在某些情况下,可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤。
图1是根据本发明实施例的一种轨迹跟踪方法的步骤流程图,如图1所示,该方法包括如下步骤:
步骤S102,获取目标设备的当前位置。
具体的,在上述步骤S102中,目标设备可以为仿生设备,优选的,可以为机器人。
在一种可选的实施例中,可以通过机器人中设置的传感器或者定位装置来获取机器人当前所处的位置,其中,上述当前位置可以包括如下信息:机器人的位置变量和方向向量,其中,机器人的位置变量可以为世界坐标系下的位置变量,机器人的方向向量可以为机器人在所处位置的朝向夹角。
步骤S104,判断当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设距离阀值的大小。
具体的,在上述步骤S104中,可以预先设定或者给定一条目标轨迹,该目标轨迹为要求机器人沿着该轨迹运行的轨迹,并且可以在该目标轨迹上选择一个预定位置,图2是根据本发明实施例的一种可选的目标轨迹的示意图,如图2所示,该预定位置可以为目标轨迹上的任意一个轨迹点,例如,s0、s1、s2等;优选的,可以为目标轨迹上的初始轨迹点s0,以实现控制机器人沿着给定的目标轨迹从初始轨迹点,移动至目标轨迹上的预定位置,例如,目标轨迹上的最后一个轨迹点。
具体的,当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离可以为欧拉距离,其中,欧拉距离为直角坐标系里的两点间的距离,可以根据欧拉距离公式计算得到。
具体的,上述预设距离阀值可以为根据实际情况确定的,例如,可以选择控制机器人在目标轨迹上移动,或者沿着目标轨迹,在偏离目标轨迹预设距离的一条轨迹上移动,优选的,上述预设距离阀值可以为0,也即,控制机器人在目标轨迹上移动。
在一种可选的实施例中,可以在世界坐标系下,根据机器人当前的位置变量和方向向量,与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的位置变量和方向向量相比较,确定机器人当前位置与目标轨迹中预定位置的距离,进而可以判断机器人当前位置与目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设阈值大小。
步骤S106,若判断出当前位置与预定位置的距离大于预设距离阀值,则根据目标设备的当前位置和预定位置,生成控制指令,其中,控制指令包括有以下信息:目标 设备移动的角速度和线速度,控制指令用于控制目标设备根据角速度和线速度,从当前位置移动至预定位置。
具体的,在上述步骤S106中,控制指令可以包括有以下信息:目标设备移动的角速度和线速度,用于控制目标设备根据角速度和线速度,从当前位置移动至预定位置。
在一种可选的实施例中,在判断出当前位置与预定位置的距离大于预设距离阀值,则表明机器人当前位置已偏离给定的目标轨迹,因此,可以控制机器人从当前所处的位置移动至目标轨迹中的预定位置,可选的,控制机器人的实施主体可以但不限于内置在机器人中的控制器,其中,可以假定为是一个可以接受a=[vlinear,vangular]T作为控制指令的控制器,其中,a为控制指令,vlinear为将上述角速度,vangular为上述线速度。作为一种可选的实施方式,控制器可以将控制指令转变为控制机器人中的电机的控制信号,并将该控制信号发送至与该控制器连接的电机,控制电机执行相对应的动作。
作为一种可选的实施例,可以根据机器人的当前位置和目标轨迹中的预定位置,计算出虚拟的导航向量,其中,该导航向量是从机器人当前位置指向预定位置的,并根据导航向量可以得出控制机器人移动的角速度和线速度,在生成控制机器人的控制指令之后,可以根据控制指令控制机器人根据给定的角速度和线速度移动至预定位置,而且机器人移动的路径与导航向量的指向一致。
基于上述步骤S102至步骤S108所提供的实施例,本申请还提供了如下可选或优选的技术方案:
在一种可选的实施例中,图3是根据本发明实施例的一种可选的轨迹跟踪方法的步骤流程图,如图3所示,在判断当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设距离阀值的大小之后,方法还包括如下步骤:
步骤S202,若判断出当前位置与预定位置的距离小于等于预设距离阀值,则确定目标轨迹的下一预定位置,其中,下一预定位置与当前位置的距离大于预设距离阀值,下一预定位置为预定位置的下一个位置;
步骤S204,根据目标设备的当前位置和下一预定位置生成控制指令,其中,控制指令用于控制目标设备根据角速度和线速度,从当前位置移动至下一预定位置。
具体的,预设上述下一预定位置与当前位置的距离大于预设距离阀值,下一预定位置为预定位置的下一个位置,如图2所示,在预定位置为s0的情况下,下一预定位置可以为s1,可选的,预先设定下一预定位置与当前位置的欧拉距离大于预设距离阀 值,可以控制机器人的移动距离。
在一种可选的实施例中,在判断出当前位置与预定位置的距离大于预设距离阀值,则表明机器人当前在目标轨迹上移动,或者沿着目标轨迹,在偏离目标轨迹预设距离的一条轨迹上移动,因此,根据机器人的当前位置和目标轨迹上的下一预定位置,生成控制机器人移动至下一预定位置的控制指令。
具体的,该控制指令可以包括有以下信息:目标设备移动的角速度和线速度,用于控制目标设备根据角速度和线速度,根据给定的角速度和线速度从当前位置移动至下一预定位置,而且机器人移动的路径与导航向量的指向一致。
在一种可选的实施例中,图4是根据本发明实施例的一种可选的轨迹跟踪方法的步骤流程图,如图4所示,获取目标设备的当前位置,包括如下步骤:
步骤S302,获取目标设备的位置变量和方向变量;
步骤S304,根据位置变量和方向变量,确定目标设备的当前位置。
在一种可选的实施例中,图5是根据本发明实施例的一种可选的轨迹跟踪方法的步骤流程图,如图5所示,在预定位置为目标轨迹的初始轨迹点的情况下,在判断当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设距离阀值的大小之前,方法还包括如下步骤:
步骤S402,将目标轨迹的初始轨迹点确定为预定位置;
步骤S404,获取预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,其中,根据目标设备的位置变量和方向变量,以及预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,确定当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离。
在一种可选的实施例中,若设定上述目标轨迹为Sobj,将目标轨迹Sobj中的第初始轨迹点s0设为预定位置,则该预定位置为机器人移动的初始子目标star,在当前时刻目标轨迹中预定位置为初始轨迹点,也即,star=s0
其中,由于当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离可以为欧拉距离,则可以根据目标设备的位置变量和方向变量,以及预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,通过欧拉距离公式计算得到当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的欧拉距离。
在一种可选的实施例中,图6是根据本发明实施例的一种可选的轨迹跟踪方法的步骤流程图,如图6所示,根据目标设备的当前位置和预定位置,生成控制指令,包括如下步骤:
步骤S502,根据当前位置的位置变量和方向变量,以及预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,确定目标设备从当前位置移动至预定位置的导航向量;
步骤S504,归一化处理导航向量,得到归一化处理后的导航向量;
步骤S506,获取归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值;
步骤S508,根据导航向量和归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值,得到控制指令。
具体的,上述导航向量可以为一种具有方向的向量,不断引导机器人移动至预定位置,而且可以使得机器人移动的方向与预定位置的朝向一致。
具体的,上述归一化是一种简单的无量纲处理计算方式,也即将有量纲的表达式变换为无量纲的表达式,成为标量。
作为一种可选的实施例,根据目标设备的当前位置和预定位置,生成控制指令可以通过以下步骤实现:首先,根据当前位置的位置变量和方向变量,以及预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,确定目标设备从当前位置移动至预定位置的导航向量,并对导航向量进行归一化处理,得到归一化处理之后的导航向量,其次,可以通过公式计算获取归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值,最后,根据导航向量和归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值,得到控制指令。
在一种可选的实施例中,通过如下公式计算得到目标设备从当前位置移动至预定位置的导航向量:
预设当前位置为st=[xt,ytt],预设预定位置为star=[xtar,ytartar],预设预定位置的目标姿态向量p=[pn,pm]T=[cos(θtar),sin(θtar)]T
则,
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000006
其中,xt,yt为当前位置的位置变量,θt为当前位置的方向变量,xtar,ytar为预定位置的位置变量,θtar为预定位置的方向变量,F为导航向量,pn表示目标姿态向量p的横坐标,pm表示目标姿态向量p的纵坐标。
在一种可选的实施例中,通过如下方式归一化处理导航向量,得到归一化处理后的导航向量:
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000007
其中,Fn为归一化处理后的导航向量。
在一种可选的实施例中,通过如下公式计算得到归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值:
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000008
其中,φ为归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值。
在一种可选的实施例中,通过如下公式计算得到控制指令:
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000009
其中,at为目标设备在t时刻的控制指令,vlinear为目标设备移动的线速度,vangular为目标设备移动的角速度,xt,yt为目标设备的位置变量,θt为目标设备的方向变量,φ为归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值,
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000010
为φ的导数,tanh为双曲正切函数,ku,kw为预先设定的控制参数,具体数值要根据具体任务调整;其中,ku为控制目标设备的线速度,kw为控制目标设备的角速度。
在现有的很多导航算法中,只能确保机器人最终到达目标位置,但是不能保证机器人最后的朝向与目标一致。在一种可选的实施例中,可以通过具有方向的导航向量不断引导机器人驶向预定位置,并且使得机器人追踪的朝向与目标一致,如图7所示,在导航向量作用下,机器人最终会驶向如图7所示的中间位置,并且朝右。
在一种可选的实施例中,图8是根据本发明实施例的一种可选的轨迹跟踪方法的步骤流程图,如图8所示,在根据目标设备的当前位置和预定位置,生成控制指令之后,方法还包括:
步骤S602,将控制指令转换为控制信号;
步骤S604,发送控制信号至目标设备,以控制目标设备根据控制信号移动。
作为一种可选的实施例,可选的,控制机器人的实施主体可以但不限于控制器,其中,可以假定为是一个可以接受a=[vlinear,vangular]T作为控制指令的控制器,其中,a为控制指令,vlinear为将上述角速度,vangular为上述线速度。作为一种可选的实施方式,控制器可以将控制指令转变为控制机器人中的电机的控制信号,并将该控制信号发送至与该控制器连接的电机,控制电机执行相对应的动作。
以下提供一种可选的实施方案对上述实施例进行说明,图9是根据本发明实施例的一种可选的轨迹跟踪方法的步骤流程图,如图9所示,上述轨迹跟踪方法可以通过如下步骤实现:
步骤S702,预先设定目标轨迹Sobj中的初始轨迹点s0为初始子目标star
步骤S704,获取机器人的当前位置。
具体的,根据上述当前位置可以判断机器人在当前时刻t的位姿状态,可以设为:st=[xt,ytt],其中,s为机器人,xt,yt为位置变量,θt为方向变量。
步骤S706,计算当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的欧拉距离d。
步骤S708,判断上述欧拉距离d与预设距离阀值dstep的大小。
具体的,如果判断出欧拉距离d大于预设距离阀值dstep,则进入步骤S712,如果判断出欧拉距离d小于等于预设距离阀值dstep,则进入步骤S710。
步骤S710,依照顺序在Sobj中选取下一个轨迹点作为新的子目标star,预设机器人当前位置与新的子目标之间的欧拉距离d>dstep;如果star已经是Sobj的最后一个点,则star不变。
步骤S712,根据给定的控制算法输出控制指令at,机器人执行控制指令运行一步。
在一种可选的实施例中,在机器人到达终点的情况下,获取到的控制指令就是a=[0,0]T,使得机器人自动停下来,否则循环执行至步骤S704,也即,本申请所提的轨迹跟踪方法中的算法是可以不断循环的,除非用户强制控制跳出。
此外,在本申请所提供的可选实施例中,还可以在获取当前时刻机器人的当前位置之后,判断机器人是否已经到达目标轨迹Sobj的最后一个轨迹点,如果是,则退出上述算法。
实施例2
本发明实施例还提供了一种轨迹跟踪装置,需要说明的是,上述实施例1所提供的方法步骤,可以但不限于在本发明实施例所提供的生成测试脚本的装置中执行。
图10是根据本发明实施例的一种轨迹跟踪装置的结构示意图,如图10所示,该装置包括以下模块:获取模块10、判断模块12以及控制模块14,其中,
获取模块10,设置为获取目标设备的当前位置;判断模块12,设置为判断当前位 置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设距离阀值的大小;控制模块14,设置为若判断出当前位置与预定位置的距离大于预设距离阀值,则根据目标设备的当前位置和预定位置,生成控制指令,其中,控制指令包括有以下信息:目标设备移动的角速度和线速度,控制指令用于控制目标设备根据角速度和线速度,从当前位置移动至预定位置。
需要说明的是,上述获取模块10、判断模块12以及控制模块14对应于实施例1中的步骤S102至步骤S106,上述模块与对应的步骤所实现的示例和应用场景相同,但不限于上述实施例1所公开的内容。需要说明的是,上述模块作为装置的一部分可以在诸如一组计算机可执行指令的计算机系统中执行。
此处需要说明的是,上述获取模块10、判断模块12以及控制模块14可以作为装置的一部分运行在计算机终端中,可以通过计算机终端中的处理器来执行上述模块实现的功能,计算机终端也可以是智能手机(如Android手机、iOS手机等)、平板电脑、掌声电脑以及移动互联网设备(Mobile Internet Devices,MID)、PAD等终端设备。
仍需要说明的是,上述各个模块是可以通过软件或硬件的形式来实现的,对于后者,可以通过以下方式来实现,但不限于此:上述各个模块位于同一处理器中;或者,上述各个模块位以任意组合的形式于不同的处理器中。
实施例3
本发明实施例还提供了一种存储介质,存储介质包括存储的程序,程序执行上述任意一项可选的或优选的轨迹跟踪方法。
本发明实施例提供的存储介质用于存储执行以下功能的程序:获取目标设备的当前位置;判断当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设距离阀值的大小;若判断出当前位置与预定位置的距离大于预设距离阀值,则根据目标设备的当前位置和预定位置,生成控制指令,其中,控制指令包括有以下信息:目标设备移动的角速度和线速度,控制指令用于控制目标设备根据角速度和线速度,从当前位置移动至预定位置。
本发明实施例提供的存储介质用于存储执行以下功能的程序:若判断出当前位置与预定位置的距离小于等于预设距离阀值,则确定目标轨迹的下一预定位置,其中,下一预定位置与当前位置的距离大于预设距离阀值,下一预定位置为预定位置的下一个位置;根据目标设备的当前位置和下一预定位置生成控制指令,其中,控制指令用于控制目标设备根据角速度和线速度,从预定位置移动至下一预定位置。
本发明实施例提供的存储介质用于存储执行以下功能的程序:获取目标设备的位 置变量和方向变量;根据位置变量和方向变量,确定目标设备的当前位置。
本发明实施例提供的存储介质用于存储执行以下功能的程序:将目标轨迹的初始轨迹点确定为预定位置;获取预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,其中,根据目标设备的位置变量和方向变量,以及预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,确定当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离。
本发明实施例提供的存储介质用于存储执行以下功能的程序:根据当前位置的位置变量和方向变量,以及预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,确定目标设备从当前位置移动至预定位置的导航向量;归一化处理导航向量,得到归一化处理后的导航向量;获取归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值;根据导航向量和归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值,得到控制指令。
本发明实施例提供的存储介质用于存储执行以下功能的程序:预设当前位置为st=[xt,ytt],预设预定位置为star=[xtar,ytartar],预设预定位置的目标姿态向量p=[pn,pm]T=[cos(θtar),sin(θtar)]T
则,
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000011
其中,xt,yt为当前位置的位置变量,θt为当前位置的方向变量,xtar,ytar为预定位置的位置变量,θtar为预定位置的方向变量,F为导航向量,pn表示目标姿态向量p的横坐标,pm表示目标姿态向量p的纵坐标。
本发明实施例提供的存储介质用于存储执行以下功能的程序:通过如下方式归一化处理导航向量,得到归一化处理后的导航向量:
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000012
其中,Fn为归一化处理后的导航向量。
本发明实施例提供的存储介质用于存储执行以下功能的程序:通过如下公式计算得到归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值:
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000013
其中,φ为归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值。
本发明实施例提供的存储介质用于存储执行以下功能的程序:通过如下公式计算得到控制指令:
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000014
其中,at为目标设备在t时刻的控制指令,vlinear为目标设备移动的线速度,vangular为目标设备移动的角速度,xt,yt为目标设备的位置变量,θt为目标设备的方向变量,φ为归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值,
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000015
为φ的导数,tanh为双曲正切函数,ku,kw为预先设定的控制参数,其中ku为控制目标设备的线速度,kw为控制目标设备的角速度。
本发明实施例提供的存储介质用于存储执行以下功能的程序:在根据目标设备的当前位置和预定位置,生成控制指令之后,方法还包括:将控制指令转换为控制信号;发送控制信号至目标设备,以控制目标设备根据控制信号移动。
实施例4
本发明实施例还提供了一种处理器,处理器用于运行程序,其中,程序运行时执行上述任意一项可选的或优选的轨迹跟踪方法。
本发明实施例提供的处理器用于运行执行以下功能的程序:获取目标设备的当前位置;判断当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设距离阀值的大小;若判断出当前位置与预定位置的距离大于预设距离阀值,则根据目标设备的当前位置和预定位置,生成控制指令,其中,控制指令包括有以下信息:目标设备移动的角速度和线速度,控制指令用于控制目标设备根据角速度和线速度,从当前位置移动至预定位置。
本发明实施例提供的处理器用于运行执行以下功能的程序:若判断出当前位置与预定位置的距离小于等于预设距离阀值,则确定目标轨迹的下一预定位置,其中,下一预定位置与当前位置的距离大于预设距离阀值,下一预定位置为预定位置的下一个位置;根据目标设备的当前位置和下一预定位置生成控制指令,其中,控制指令用于控制目标设备根据角速度和线速度,从预定位置移动至下一预定位置。
本发明实施例提供的处理器用于运行执行以下功能的程序:获取目标设备的位置变量和方向变量;根据位置变量和方向变量,确定目标设备的当前位置。
本发明实施例提供的处理器用于运行执行以下功能的程序:将目标轨迹的初始轨迹点确定为预定位置;获取预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,其中,根据目标设备的位置变量和方向变量,以及预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,确定当前位置与预先设 定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离。
本发明实施例提供的处理器用于运行执行以下功能的程序:根据当前位置的位置变量和方向变量,以及预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,确定目标设备从当前位置移动至预定位置的导航向量;归一化处理导航向量,得到归一化处理后的导航向量;获取归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值;根据导航向量和归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值,得到控制指令。
本发明实施例提供的处理器用于运行执行以下功能的程序:预设当前位置为st=[xt,ytt],预设预定位置为star=[xtar,ytartar],预设预定位置的目标姿态向量p=[pn,pm]T=[cos(θtar),sin(θtar)]T
则,
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000016
其中,xt,yt为当前位置的位置变量,θt为当前位置的方向变量,xtar,ytar为预定位置的位置变量,θtar为预定位置的方向变量,F为导航向量,pn表示目标姿态向量p的横坐标,pm表示目标姿态向量p的纵坐标。
本发明实施例提供的处理器用于运行执行以下功能的程序:通过如下方式归一化处理导航向量,得到归一化处理后的导航向量:
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000017
其中,Fn为归一化处理后的导航向量。
本发明实施例提供的处理器用于运行执行以下功能的程序:通过如下公式计算得到归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值:
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000018
其中,φ为归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值。
本发明实施例提供的处理器用于运行执行以下功能的程序:通过如下公式计算得到控制指令:
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000019
其中,at为目标设备在t时刻的控制指令,vlinear为目标设备移动的线速度,vangular为目标设备移动的角速度,xt,yt为目标设备的位置变量,θt为目标设备的方向变量, φ为归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值,
Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-000020
为φ的导数,tanh为双曲正切函数,ku,kw为预先设定的控制参数,其中ku为控制目标设备的线速度,kw为控制目标设备的角速度。
本发明实施例提供的处理器用于运行执行以下功能的程序:将控制指令转换为控制信号;发送控制信号至目标设备,以控制目标设备根据控制信号移动。
上述本发明实施例序号仅仅为了描述,不代表实施例的优劣。
在本发明的上述实施例中,对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重,某个实施例中没有详述的部分,可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中,应该理解到,所揭露的技术内容,可通过其它的方式实现。其中,以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的,例如所述单元的划分,可以为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式,例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统,或一些特征可以忽略,或不执行。另一点,所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口,单元或模块的间接耦合或通信连接,可以是电性或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外,在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可为个人计算机、服务器或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、只读存储器(ROM,Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人 员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种轨迹跟踪方法,包括:
    获取目标设备的当前位置;
    判断所述当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设距离阀值的大小;
    若判断出所述当前位置与所述预定位置的距离大于所述预设距离阀值,则根据所述目标设备的当前位置和所述预定位置,生成控制指令,其中,所述控制指令包括有以下信息:所述目标设备移动的角速度和线速度,所述控制指令用于控制所述目标设备根据所述角速度和所述线速度,从所述当前位置移动至所述预定位置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,在判断所述当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设距离阀值的大小之后,所述方法还包括:
    若判断出所述当前位置与所述预定位置的距离小于等于所述预设距离阀值,则确定所述目标轨迹的下一预定位置,其中,所述下一预定位置与所述当前位置的距离大于所述预设距离阀值,所述下一预定位置为所述预定位置的下一个位置;
    根据所述目标设备的当前位置和所述下一预定位置生成所述控制指令,其中,所述控制指令用于控制所述目标设备根据所述角速度和所述线速度,从所述当前位置移动至所述下一预定位置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,获取目标设备的当前位置,包括:
    获取所述目标设备的位置变量和方向变量;
    根据所述位置变量和所述方向变量,确定所述目标设备的当前位置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中,在所述预定位置为所述目标轨迹的初始轨迹点的情况下,在判断所述当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设距离阀值的大小之前,所述方法还包括:
    将所述目标轨迹的初始轨迹点确定为所述预定位置;
    获取所述预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,其中,根据所述目标设备的位置变量和方向变量,以及所述预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,确定所述当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中,根据所述目标设备的当前位置和所述预定位置,生成控制指令,包括:
    根据所述当前位置的位置变量和方向变量,以及所述预定位置的位置变量和方向变量,确定所述目标设备从所述当前位置移动至所述预定位置的导航向量;
    归一化处理所述导航向量,得到归一化处理后的导航向量;
    获取所述归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值;
    根据所述导航向量和所述归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值,得到所述控制指令。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中,通过如下公式计算得到所述目标设备从所述当前位置移动至所述预定位置的导航向量:
    预设所述当前位置为st=[xt,yt,θt],预设所述预定位置为star=[xtar,ytar,θtar],预设所述预定位置的目标姿态向量p=[pn,pm]T=[cos(θtar),sin(θtar)]T;则,
    Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-100001
    其中,xt,yt为所述当前位置的位置变量,θt为所述当前位置的方向变量,xtar,ytar为所述预定位置的位置变量,θtar为所述预定位置的方向变量,F为导航向量,pn表示目标姿态向量p的横坐标,pm表示目标姿态向量p的纵坐标。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中,通过如下方式归一化处理所述导航向量,得到归一化处理后的导航向量:
    Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-100002
    其中,Fn为所述归一化处理后的导航向量。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中,通过如下公式计算得到所述归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值:
    Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-100003
    其中,φ为所述归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中,通过如下公式计算得到所述控制指令:
    Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-100004
    其中,at为所述目标设备在t时刻的控制指令,vlinear为所述目标设备移动的线速度,vangular为所述目标设备移动的角速度,xt,yt为所述目标设备的位置变量,θt为所述目标设备的方向变量,φ为所述归一化处理后的导航向量的角度值,
    Figure PCTCN2017116856-appb-100005
    为所述φ的导数,tanh为双曲正切函数,ku,kw为预先设定的控制参数,其中ku为控制所述目标设备的线速度,kw为控制所述目标设备的角速度。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的方法,其中,在根据所述目标设备的当前位置和所述预定位置,生成控制指令之后,所述方法还包括:
    将所述控制指令转换为控制信号;
    发送所述控制信号至所述目标设备,以控制所述目标设备根据所述控制信号移动。
  11. 一种轨迹跟踪装置,包括:
    获取模块,设置为获取目标设备的当前位置;
    判断模块,设置为判断所述当前位置与预先设定的目标轨迹中预定位置的距离与预设距离阀值的大小;
    控制模块,设置为若判断出所述当前位置与所述预定位置的距离大于所述预设距离阀值,则根据所述目标设备的当前位置和所述预定位置,生成控制指令,其中,所述控制指令包括有以下信息:所述目标设备移动的角速度和线速度,所述控制指令用于控制所述目标设备根据所述角速度和所述线速度,从所述当前位置移动至所述预定位置。
  12. 一种存储介质,所述存储介质包括存储的程序,其中,所述程序执行权利要求1至10中任意一项所述的轨迹跟踪方法。
  13. 一种处理器,所述处理器用于运行程序,其中,所述程序运行时执行权利要求1至10中任意一项所述的轨迹跟踪方法。
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