WO2019047091A1 - 基站天线及其天线阵列模块 - Google Patents

基站天线及其天线阵列模块 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019047091A1
WO2019047091A1 PCT/CN2017/100843 CN2017100843W WO2019047091A1 WO 2019047091 A1 WO2019047091 A1 WO 2019047091A1 CN 2017100843 W CN2017100843 W CN 2017100843W WO 2019047091 A1 WO2019047091 A1 WO 2019047091A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter
antenna
circuit board
base station
circuit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/100843
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
褚庆臣
刘木林
吴中林
赵伟
王文兰
高卓锋
张理栋
Original Assignee
广东通宇通讯股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 filed Critical 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司
Priority to US16/500,158 priority Critical patent/US11205836B2/en
Priority to EP17924763.0A priority patent/EP3680986A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/100843 priority patent/WO2019047091A1/zh
Publication of WO2019047091A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019047091A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 
    • H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
    • H01Q15/246—Polarisation converters rotating the plane of polarisation of a linear polarised wave
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/0213—Electrical arrangements not otherwise provided for
    • H05K1/0237—High frequency adaptations
    • H05K1/0243—Printed circuits associated with mounted high frequency components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/267—Phased-array testing or checking devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to a base station antenna and an antenna array module thereof.
  • Massive MIMO Large-scale antenna array system
  • the present invention provides a base station antenna and an antenna array module thereof to solve the above technical problems, realizes integration and modularization, improves scalability, and has simple installation structure and connection structure, and is easy to debug and maintain, and is reduced. Manufacturing costs and usage costs.
  • the present invention provides an antenna array module, including: a feed network circuit board, a filter, and two or more antenna units; the power supply network circuit board is provided with two power dividing circuits on one side The other side is provided with two coupling circuits, the antenna unit is mounted and fixed on one side of the feeding network circuit board provided with a power dividing circuit, and the filter is fixedly mounted on the feeding network circuit board and provided with a coupling circuit.
  • each of the power dividing circuits is provided with an input end and an output end not less than the number of the antenna elements, and a plurality of outputs of the power dividing circuit equal to the number of the antenna elements
  • Each of the antennas is respectively -45° polarizedly fed to the antenna unit, and the other plurality of output terminals of the other power dividing circuit and the number of the antenna units are respectively +45° for the antenna unit Polarized feed
  • each of the coupling circuits is provided with a radio frequency input end and an output end, each of the coupled electric The output ends of the circuits are respectively electrically connected to the input ends of one of the power dividing circuits;
  • the filter is provided with at least two output terminals to form at least two outputs, and the two output ends of the filter are respectively associated with one
  • the RF input terminals of the coupling circuit are electrically connected.
  • the feeder network circuit board is a double-sided microstrip line circuit board
  • the power dividing circuit is a microstrip line power dividing circuit
  • the coupling circuit is a microstrip line coupling circuit.
  • an input end of the power dividing circuit and an output end of the coupling circuit are electrically connected through a metallized via.
  • the filter is a metal cavity filter
  • the filter includes a support plate on which the feed network circuit board is mounted and fixed, a metal cavity integrally formed with the support plate, and a cover.
  • the cover plate of the metal cavity is provided with a plurality of tuning nuts, and the four periphery of the metal cavity is higher than the cover plate provided with the tuning nut.
  • the metal cavity is internally provided with two mounting circular cavities extending through the support plate, and the two output ends of the filter and the RF input ends of the coupling circuits are respectively installed
  • the feed cells disposed in each of the mounted circular cavities are electrically connected.
  • a signal isolation cavity is formed between the support plate and the feed network circuit board.
  • the filter is a two-way filter.
  • the present invention further provides a base station antenna, including: two or more antenna array modules and a calibration network adapter board; the antenna array module includes a feed network circuit board, a filter, and two The above antenna unit; the feeding network circuit board is provided with two power dividing circuits on one side and two coupling circuits on the other side, and the antenna unit is mounted and fixed on one side of the feeding network circuit board on which the power dividing circuit is disposed,
  • the filter is fixedly mounted on one side of the feeding network circuit board provided with a coupling circuit to be integrated into an integrated structure; each of the antenna array modules is detachably mounted on the calibration network adapter board by means of the filter
  • Each of the power dividing circuits is provided with an input end and an output end not less than the number of the antenna units, and each of the plurality of output terminals of the power dividing circuit and the number of the antenna units is respectively
  • the antenna unit performs a -45° polarization feed, and the other of the plurality of power split circuits
  • Each of the two RF outputs is electrically coupled to two RF inputs of the filter, and each of the calibration outputs is electrically coupled to a common power input of the coupling circuit.
  • the calibration network adapter board is a strip line circuit board
  • the radio frequency switching line is a strip line radio frequency switching line
  • the calibration network line is a strip line calibration network line.
  • the feeder network circuit board is a double-sided microstrip line circuit board
  • the power dividing circuit is a microstrip line power dividing circuit
  • the coupling circuit is a microstrip line coupling circuit.
  • an input end of the power dividing circuit and an output end of the coupling circuit are electrically connected through a metallized via.
  • the filter is a metal cavity filter
  • the filter includes a support plate on which the feed network circuit board is mounted and fixed, a metal cavity integrally formed with the support plate, and a cover.
  • the cover plate of the metal cavity is provided with a plurality of tuning nuts, and the four periphery of the metal cavity is higher than the cover plate provided with the tuning nut.
  • the metal cavity is internally provided with two first mounting circular cavities extending through the support plate, and the two output ends of the filter and the RF input ends of the coupling circuits are respectively The electrical connection is electrically connected by a feed core disposed in each of the first mounting circular cavities.
  • the outer wall of the metal cavity is provided with a second mounting circular cavity extending through the two ends, and the calibration network adapter plate is between the radio frequency output end and the RF input end of the filter.
  • the electrical connection is electrically connected by a feed core disposed in the second mounting circular cavity.
  • the metal cavity is internally provided with a third mounting circular cavity extending through the cover plate, and each of the calibration network adapters is common to the coupling circuit
  • the power input terminals are electrically connected by a feed core disposed in each of the third mounting circular cavities.
  • a signal isolation cavity is formed between the support plate and the feed network circuit board.
  • the filter is a two-way filter.
  • the base station antenna further includes a bottom plate, and the school with the antenna array module installed and fixed A quasi-network circuit board is detachably mounted and fixed to the bottom plate.
  • adjacent antenna array modules are staggered or aligned in a horizontal direction.
  • the base station antenna is a large-scale MIMO base station antenna.
  • the base station antenna and the antenna array module thereof have the following beneficial effects:
  • the structural complexity and the connection complexity are reduced, on the other hand, the system integration degree can be greatly improved, the material cost can be reduced, and the same is advantageous for large-scale automated production, the system The weight is greatly reduced and the cost is greatly reduced.
  • the antennas and filters behind the module are easier to debug and rework, avoiding the current machine or filter due to local quality problems.
  • the scalability is strong, and multiple antenna array modules can be used in an array as needed.
  • the antenna unit and the filter in the module are connected by the feeding core, which reduces a large number of RF connectors, greatly reduces the cost and reduces the weight.
  • the antenna unit and the filter are separated from the calibration network and the radio frequency interface of the back end, thereby effectively avoiding the antenna and filter redesign caused by the inconsistent position of the RF interface of different equipment vendors, that is, the antenna and the filter module have the same structure. Only need to calibrate the network adapter board to design the structure according to different equipment supplier interface requirements, which effectively reduces the cost of bursting.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a base station antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array module in the base station antenna shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a layer power division network on a feeder network circuit in the antenna array module shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a lower layer coupling network of a feeder network circuit board in the antenna array module shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a feeder network circuit board in the antenna array module shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a filter in the antenna array module shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a feed cell in the filter shown in FIG. 7.
  • the present invention further provides a base station antenna.
  • the base station antenna includes a calibration network adapter board 1 and two or more antenna array modules 2 detachably mounted to the calibration network adapter board 1 and electrically connected to the calibration network adapter board 1.
  • the antenna array module 2 includes a feed network circuit board 22, a filter 23, and two or more antenna units 21.
  • the feeder network circuit board 22 is provided with two power dividing circuits 222 and 223, and the other surface is provided with two coupling circuits 224 and 225.
  • the antenna unit 21 is mounted and fixed on one side of the feeder network circuit board 22 on which the power dividing circuits 222 and 223 are disposed, and the filter 23 is mounted and fixed on one side of the feeding network circuit board 22 on which the coupling circuits 224 and 225 are disposed, and thus three.
  • each antenna array module 2 is detachably mounted to the calibration network adapter board 1 by means of a filter 23.
  • each of the power dividing circuits 222 is respectively provided with an input terminal 2221 (2231) and an output of not less than the number of antenna units 21.
  • the plurality of output terminals 2222 and 2223 of the power dividing circuit 222 having the same number as the antenna unit 21 are respectively -45° polarization feed for one antenna unit 21 and equal to the number of antenna units 21 of the other power split circuit 223.
  • the plurality of output terminals 2232, 2233 are each a +45° polarization feed for an antenna unit 21.
  • the number of output ends in each power dividing circuit 222 (223) is equal to the number of antenna elements 21.
  • the antenna unit 21 is two turns, and each power dividing circuit 222 (223) is a two-power split.
  • the circuit may be provided with two output terminals; or, the antenna unit 21 is three turns, each of the power split circuits 222 (223) is a three-power split circuit, and three output terminals may be provided; or, the antenna unit 2 1 is three or more turns, and each power dividing circuit 222 (223) may have a plurality of power dividing circuits cascaded.
  • Each of the output terminals 2222, 2223 of the power split circuit 222 respectively provides a -45° polarization feed for one antenna unit 21; each output terminal 2232, 2233 of the other power split circuit 223 is an antenna respectively.
  • Unit 21 provides a +45° polarization feed.
  • the antenna unit 21 can be a dual-polarized antenna unit. Of course, it can also be a single-polarized antenna unit.
  • Each coupling circuit 224 (225) is respectively provided with a radio frequency input terminal 2241 (2251) and an output terminal 22 42 (2252), and each output terminal 2242 (2252) of each coupling circuit 224 (225) is respectively associated with a Work
  • the input terminal 2221 (2231) of the sub-circuit 222 (223) is electrically connected.
  • the two coupling circuits 224, 22 5 are also provided with a common power dividing input 226.
  • the filter 23 is provided with at least two RF input terminals and two output terminals to form at least two outputs, and the two output ends of the filter 23 are respectively connected to the RF input end 2241 of a coupling circuit 224 (225) ( 2251) Electrical connection.
  • the filter 23 is a two-way filter and has only two input and output outputs, which can meet the requirements of the antenna array module 2.
  • the calibration network adapter board 1 is provided with a calibration network line including 2N RF output terminals and N calibration outputs, N ⁇ 1. Wherein, in the calibration network adapter board 1, each of the two RF output terminals is electrically connected to the two RF input terminals of the filter 23, and each of the calibration outputs is electrically connected to the common power input terminal 226 of the coupling circuits 224, 225.
  • the calibration network adapter board 1 is a strip line circuit board, the RF line is a strip line RF switching line, and the calibration network line is a strip line calibration network line.
  • the calibration network adapter board 1 includes a first dielectric layer 11 and a second dielectric layer 12 which are arranged in a stack, and a metal layer 13 (such as a copper layer) provided with a radio frequency switching line and a calibration network line is disposed at the first Between the dielectric layer 11 and the second dielectric layer 12.
  • the feeder network circuit board 22 is a double-sided microstrip line circuit board, the power dividing circuits 222 and 223 are microstrip line power dividing circuits, and the coupling circuits 224 and 225 are microstrip line coupling circuits.
  • the feeder network circuit board 22 includes an intermediate dielectric layer 221, and the power dividing circuits 222 and 223 and the coupling circuits 224 and 225 are respectively disposed on both sides of the intermediate dielectric layer 221 .
  • the input terminal 222 1 ( 2231 ) of the power dividing circuit 222 ( 223 ) and the output terminal 2242 ( 2252 ) of the coupling circuit 224 ( 225 ) are electrically connected through the metallized via 4 . It reduces cable connections, provides high reliability, reduces weight and saves costs.
  • filter 23 is a metal cavity filter.
  • the filter 23 includes a support plate 231 on which the fixed feed network circuit board 22 is mounted, a metal cavity 232 integrally formed with the support plate 231, and a cover plate 233 covering the metal cavity 232.
  • the cover plate 233 is provided with a plurality of tunings. Nut 234.
  • the four perimeters 2320 of the metal cavity 232 are higher than the cover plate 233 provided with the tuning nut 234 to prevent the tuning nut 234 from interfering with the calibration network adapter plate 1.
  • the metal cavity 232 is internally provided with two first mounting circular cavities extending through the support plate 231 (not shown, the two output ends of the filter 23 and the RF input end 2241 of each coupling circuit 224 (225) (not shown) ( The 2251 is electrically connected to each other through a feed core 5 installed in each of the first mounting circular cavities.
  • the outer wall of the metal cavity 232 is provided with a second mounting circular cavity 235 extending through the two ends, and the calibration network adapter plate 1 is disposed between the RF output end and the RF input end of the filter 23.
  • the feed core 5 in the second mounting circular cavity 235 is electrically connected.
  • the metal cavity 232 is internally provided with a third mounting circular cavity 236 extending through the cover plate 233 to calibrate the common function of each calibration output terminal and the coupling circuit 224, 225 in the network adapter plate 1.
  • the input ends 226 are electrically connected by a feed core 5 disposed in each of the third mounting circular cavities 236.
  • the arrangement of the first mounting circular cavity, the second mounting circular cavity 235 and the third mounting circular cavity 236 serves to shield the electromagnetic interference of the feeding core 5.
  • the feed core 5 includes a metal core 51 and an insulating medium 52 covering the metal core 51.
  • the feed core 5 is exposed at both ends to facilitate electrical connection with other components.
  • a signal isolation cavity 230 may be formed between the support plate 231 and the feed network circuit board 22 to avoid mutual electromagnetic interference between the filter 23 and the feed network circuit board 22.
  • the base station antenna further includes a bottom plate 3, and the calibration network circuit board to which the antenna array module 2 is mounted is detachably mounted and fixed on the bottom plate 3.
  • Each of the antenna array modules 2 utilizes a plurality of bolt holes 2321 disposed on the filter 23, such as the metal cavity 232 of the filter 23, such as four bolts to lock the network adapter plate 1 and the bottom plate 3. The mounting is fixed together.
  • a support leg 31 is also provided at the bottom of the bottom plate 3.
  • the plurality of antenna array modules 2 are mounted and fixed on the calibration network adapter board 1, and the adjacent column antenna array modules 2 are staggered in the horizontal direction (as shown in FIG. 2) or aligned.
  • the antenna elements 21 arranged on the array are arranged in a staggered or aligned state, and the specific arrangement may be set according to electrical performance requirements.
  • the RF switching line in the calibration network adapter board 1 further includes 2N RF input terminals
  • the calibration network line in the calibration network adapter board 1 further includes a calibration input terminal.
  • RF connectors such as SMPs can be used for both RF inputs in the RF link and calibration inputs in the calibration network. Each port location and connector model is determined by different device specifications.
  • the base station antenna is particularly preferably a massive MIMO base station antenna.
  • the present invention also provides an antenna array module according to any of the above embodiments, which will not be further described herein.
  • the base station antenna and the antenna array module thereof of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
  • the structural complexity and the connection complexity are reduced, on the other hand, the system integration can be greatly improved, the material cost can be reduced, and the large-scale automated production is facilitated.
  • the system weight is greatly reduced and the cost is greatly reduced.
  • the antenna and filter 23 behind the module are easier to debug and rework, avoiding the current end of the antenna or filter 23 due to local quality problems.
  • the scalability is strong, and a plurality of antenna array modules 2 can be used in an array as needed.
  • the antenna unit 21 and the filter 23 in the module are connected by the feeding core 5, which reduces a large number of RF connectors, greatly reducing the cost and reducing the weight.
  • the antenna unit 21 and the filter 23 are separated from the calibration network and the radio frequency interface of the back end, thereby effectively avoiding the redesign of the antenna and the filter 23 due to the inconsistent position of the RF interface of different equipment vendors, that is, the antenna and the filter.
  • 23 module structure is the same, only need to calibrate the network adapter board 1 according to different equipment supplier interface requirements for structural design, which effectively reduces the cost of bursts.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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Abstract

提供一种天线阵列模块，两个以上天线单元安装于馈电网络线路板设有两个功分电路的一面、滤波器安装于馈电网络线路板设有两个耦合电路的一面；每一功分电路设有一输入端和多个输出端，一功分电路的多个输出端各自分别为一天线单元-45°极化馈电，另一功分电路的多个输出端各自分别为一天线单元+45°极化馈电；每一耦合电路设有一射频输入端和一输出端，每一耦合电路的输出端各自分别与一功分电路的输入端电连接；滤波器至少设有两个输出端，滤波器的两个输出端各自分别与一耦合电路的射频输入端电连接。还提供一种基站天线。实现了集成化和模块化，提高了可扩展性，安装结构和连接结构简单，后续容易调试和维修，降低了制造成本和使用成本。

Description

基站天线及其天线阵列模块
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及无线通讯技术领域， 尤其涉及一种基站天线及其天线阵列模块。
背景技术
[0002] 大规模天线阵列系统 （即 Massive MIMO) 是未来 5G的核心传输技术， 也是解 决通信业务量向深度和广度发展的重要环节。 目前在各大运营商启动未来几年 商用 5G网络的大背景下， 设备商和相关的天线供应商正紧锣密鼓的幵展相关预 研工作。
技术问题
[0003] 然而现有技术中， 大量天线单元和相关所有射频器件如滤波器、 校准网络转接 板等全部安装固定于一体， 安装结构和连接结构复杂， 后续不容易调试和维修 ， 造成制造成本和使用成本高昂。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0004] 本发明为解决上述技术问题提供一种基站天线及其天线阵列模块， 实现了集成 化和模块化， 提高了可扩展性， 安装结构和连接结构简单， 后续容易调试和维 修， 降低了制造成本和使用成本。
[0005] 为解决上述技术问题， 本发明提供一种天线阵列模块， 包括： 馈电网络线路板 、 滤波器和两个以上天线单元； 所述馈电网络线路板一面设置有两个功分电路 、 另一面设置有两个耦合电路， 所述天线单元安装固定于所述馈电网络线路板 设置有功分电路的一面、 所述滤波器安装固定于所述馈电网络线路板设置有耦 合电路的一面以集成为一体化结构； 每一所述功分电路设置有一输入端和不少 于所述天线单元数量的输出端， 一所述功分电路中与所述天线单元数量相等的 多个输出端各自分别为一所述天线单元进行 -45°极化馈电， 另一所述功分电路中 与所述天线单元数量相等的多个输出端各自分别为一所述天线单元进行 +45°极 化馈电； 每一所述耦合电路设置有一射频输入端和一输出端， 每一所述耦合电 路的输出端各自分别与一所述功分电路的输入端电连接； 所述滤波器至少设置 有两个输出端以构成至少两路输出， 所述滤波器的两个输出端各自分别与一所 述耦合电路的射频输入端电连接。
[0006] 进一步地， 所述馈电网络线路板是双面微带线线路板， 所述功分电路是微带线 功分电路， 所述耦合电路是微带线耦合电路。
[0007] 进一步地， 所述功分电路的输入端和所述耦合电路的输出端之间通过金属化过 孔电连接。
[0008] 进一步地， 所述滤波器是金属腔体滤波器， 所述滤波器包括安装固定所述馈电 网络线路板的支撑板、 与所述支撑板构成一体结构的金属腔体以及罩设所述金 属腔体的盖板， 所述盖板上装设有多个调谐螺母， 所述金属腔体的四周边高于 设置有所述调谐螺母的所述盖板。
[0009] 进一步地， 所述金属腔体内部设置有贯穿所述支撑板的两个安装圆腔， 所述滤 波器的两个输出端和各所述耦合电路的射频输入端之间分别通过装设于各所述 安装圆腔内的馈电芯电连接。
[0010] 进一步地， 所述支撑板与所述馈电网络线路板之间形成有信号隔离腔体。
[0011] 进一步地， 所述滤波器是双路滤波器。
[0012] 为解决上述技术问题， 本发明还提供一种基站天线， 包括： 两个以上天线阵列 模块和校准网络转接板； 所述天线阵列模块包括馈电网络线路板、 滤波器和两 个以上天线单元； 所述馈电网络线路板一面设置有两个功分电路、 另一面设置 有两个耦合电路， 所述天线单元安装固定于所述馈电网络线路板设置有功分电 路的一面、 所述滤波器安装固定于所述馈电网络线路板设置有耦合电路的一面 以集成为一体化结构； 各所述天线阵列模块借助所述滤波器可拆卸地安装于所 述校准网络转接板； 每一所述功分电路设置有一输入端和不少于所述天线单元 数量的输出端， 一所述功分电路中与所述天线单元数量相等的多个输出端各自 分别为一所述天线单元进行 -45°极化馈电， 另一所述功分电路中与所述天线单元 数量相等的多个输出端各自分别为一所述天线单元进行 +45°极化馈电； 每一所 述耦合电路设置有一射频输入端和一输出端， 每一所述耦合电路的输出端各自 分别与一所述功分电路的输入端电连接， 并且， 两个所述耦合电路还设置有一 公共的功分输入端； 所述滤波器至少设置有两个射频输入端和两个输出端以构 成至少两路输入输出， 所述滤波器的两个输出端各自分别与一所述耦合电路的 射频输入端电连接； 所述校准网络转接板设置有包括 2N个射频输出端的射频转 接线路和 N个校准输出端的校准网络线路， N≥l， 其中， 所述校准网络转接板中
， 每两个所述射频输出端与所述滤波器的两个射频输入端电连接， 每个所述校 准输出端与所述耦合电路公共的功分输入端电连接。
[0013] 进一步地， 所述校准网络转接板是带状线线路板， 所述射频转接线路是带状线 射频转接线路， 所述校准网络线路是带状线校准网络线路。
[0014] 进一步地， 所述馈电网络线路板是双面微带线线路板， 所述功分电路是微带线 功分电路， 所述耦合电路是微带线耦合电路。
[0015] 进一步地， 所述功分电路的输入端和所述耦合电路的输出端之间通过金属化过 孔电连接。
[0016] 进一步地， 所述滤波器是金属腔体滤波器， 所述滤波器包括安装固定所述馈电 网络线路板的支撑板、 与所述支撑板构成一体结构的金属腔体以及罩设所述金 属腔体的盖板， 所述盖板上装设有多个调谐螺母， 所述金属腔体的四周边高于 设置有所述调谐螺母的所述盖板。
[0017] 进一步地， 所述金属腔体内部设置有贯穿所述支撑板的两个第一安装圆腔， 所 述滤波器的两个输出端和各所述耦合电路的射频输入端之间分别通过装设于各 所述第一安装圆腔内的馈电芯电连接。
[0018] 进一步地， 所述金属腔体外壁设置有两端贯通的一个第二安装圆腔， 所述校准 网络转接板中， 所述射频输出端与所述滤波器的射频输入端之间通过装设于所 述第二安装圆腔内的馈电芯电连接。
[0019] 进一步地， 所述金属腔体内部设置有贯穿所述盖板的一个第三安装圆腔， 所述 校准网络转接板中， 每个所述校准输出端与所述耦合电路公共的功分输入端之 间通过装设于各所述第三安装圆腔内的馈电芯电连接。
[0020] 进一步地， 所述支撑板与所述馈电网络线路板之间形成有信号隔离腔体。
[0021] 进一步地， 所述滤波器是双路滤波器。
[0022] 进一步地， 所述基站天线还包括底板， 安装固定有所述天线阵列模块的所述校 准网络线路板可拆卸地安装固定于所述底板上。
[0023] 进一步地， 相邻列所述天线阵列模块在水平方向上交错排列或者对齐排列。
[0024] 进一步地， 所述基站天线是大规模 MIMO基站天线。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0025] 本发明的基站天线及其天线阵列模块， 具有如下有益效果：
[0026] 通过将天线单元和滤波器模块化设计， 一方面降低了结构复杂度和连接复杂度 ， 另一方面可以大幅提高系统集成度， 降低材料成本， 同吋有利于大规模自动 化生产， 系统重量大幅降低， 成本大幅降低。 此外， 模块后的天线和滤波器更 容易调试和返修， 避免了目前天线或滤波器因为局部质量问题造成的整机报废 。 并且， 可扩展性强， 可以根据需要将多个天线阵列模块进行组阵使用。
[0027] 其次， 模块中的天线单元和滤波器靠馈电芯实现连接， 减少了大量射频连接器 ， 大幅降低了成本， 减轻了重量。
[0028] 其次， 将天线单元和滤波器与后端的校准网络及射频接口分离， 有效避免了因 为不同设备商射频接口位置不一致而造成的天线与滤波器重新设计， 即天线和 滤波器模块结构一样， 只需校准网络转接板按不同设备商接口要求进行结构设 计即可， 有效减少了幵发成本。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0029] 图 1是本发明基站天线的结构示意图。
[0030] 图 2是本发明基站天线的剖面结构示意图。
[0031] 图 3是图 1所示基站天线中天线阵列模块的结构示意图。
[0032] 图 4是图 3所示天线阵列模块中馈电网络线路板上层功分网络示意图。
[0033] 图 5是图 3所示天线阵列模块中馈电网络线路板下层耦合网络示意图。
[0034] 图 6是图 3所示天线阵列模块中馈电网络线路板剖面结构示意图。
[0035] 图 7是图 3所示天线阵列模块中滤波器的结构示意图。
[0036] 图 8是图 7所示滤波器中馈电芯的结构示意图。 实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式
[0037] 下面结合附图和实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。
[0038] 请结合图 1和图 2参阅， 本发明还提供一种基站天线。 该基站天线包括一校准网 络转接板 1和可拆卸地安装于该校准网络转接板 1上并实现与该校准网络转接板 1 电连接的两个以上的天线阵列模块 2。
[0039] 在一具体实施例中， 具体如图 3所示， 该天线阵列模块 2包括馈电网络线路板 22 、 滤波器 23和两个以上天线单元 21。
[0040] 结合图 4至图 6进行参阅， 馈电网络线路板 22—面设置有两个功分电路 222、 223 、 另一面设置有两个耦合电路 224、 225。 其中， 各天线单元 21安装固定于馈电 网络线路板 22设置有功分电路 222、 223的一面， 滤波器 23安装固定于馈电网络 线路板 22设置有耦合电路 224、 225的一面， 进而三者可以集成为一体化结构。 其中， 各天线阵列模块 2借助滤波器 23可拆卸地安装于校准网络转接板 1。
[0041] 具体而言， 每一功分电路 222 (223) 分别设置有一输入端 2221 (2231) 和不少 于天线单元 21数量的输出端。 一功分电路 222中与天线单元 21数量相等的多个输 出端 2222、 2223各自分别为一天线单元 21进行 -45°极化馈电， 另一功分电路 223 中与天线单元 21数量相等的多个输出端 2232、 2233各自分别为一天线单元 21进 行 +45°极化馈电。 较佳的， 每一功分电路 222 (223) 中输出端的数量与天线单 元 21的数量相等,例如， 天线单元 21为两个吋， 每一功分电路 222 (223) 为一分 二功分电路， 可以设置两个输出端； 又或者， 天线单元 21为三个吋， 每一功分 电路 222 (223) 为一分三功分电路， 可以设置三个输出端； 又或者， 天线单元 2 1为三个以上吋， 每一功分电路 222 (223) 可以有多个功分电路级联而成。 其中 ， 一功分电路 222的每一输出端 2222、 2223各自分别为一天线单元 21提供 -45°极 化馈电； 另一功分电路 223的每一输出端 2232、 2233各自分别为一天线单元 21提 供 +45°极化馈电。 举例而言， 该天线单元 21通常可以是双极化天线单元， 当然 ， 也可以是单极化天线单元。
[0042] 每一耦合电路 224 (225) 分别设置有一射频输入端 2241 (2251) 和一输出端 22 42 (2252) ， 每一耦合电路 224 (225) 的输出端 2242 (2252) 各自分别与一功 分电路 222 (223) 的输入端 2221 (2231) 电连接。 另外， 两个耦合电路 224、 22 5还设置有一公共的功分输入端 226。
[0043] 滤波器 23至少设置有两个射频输入端和两个输出端以构成至少两路输出， 滤波 器 23的两个输出端各自分别与一耦合电路 224 (225) 的射频输入端 2241 (2251 ) 电连接。 较佳的， 滤波器 23是两路滤波器， 仅具备两路输入输出， 能够满足 该天线阵列模块 2的使用需求。
[0044] 校准网络转接板 1设置有包括 2N个射频输出端的射频转接线路和 N个校准输出 端的校准网络线路， N≥l。 其中， 校准网络转接板 1中， 每两个射频输出端与滤 波器 23的两个射频输入端电连接， 每个校准输出端与耦合电路 224、 225公共的 功分输入端 226电连接。
[0045] 较佳的， 校准网络转接板 1是带状线线路板， 射频转接线路是带状线射频转接 线路， 校准网络线路是带状线校准网络线路。 具体的， 校准网络转接板 1包括层 叠设置的第一介质层 11和第二介质层 12， 其上设有射频转接线路和校准网络线 路的金属层 13 (如铜层） 设置于第一介质层 11和第二介质层 12之间。
[0046] 较佳的， 馈电网络线路板 22是双面微带线线路板， 功分电路 222、 223是微带线 功分电路， 耦合电路 224、 225是微带线耦合电路。 具体的， 馈电网络线路板 22 包括中间介质层 221， 功分电路 222、 223和耦合电路 224、 225分别设置于中间介 质层 221的两面。 通过采用微带线形式的馈电网络线路板 22， 其电性能好， 能够 减小馈电网络线路板 22的结构复杂度， 且能够减小馈电网络线路板 22的体积和 重量。
[0047] 较佳的， 功分电路 222 (223) 的输入端 2221 (2231) 和耦合电路 224 (225) 的 输出端 2242 (2252) 之间通过金属化过孔 4电连接。 能够减少线缆连接， 可靠性 高， 减轻了重量， 节省了成本。
[0048] 在一较佳实施例中， 如图 7所示， 滤波器 23是金属腔体滤波器。 滤波器 23包括 安装固定馈电网络线路板 22的支撑板 231、 与支撑板 231构成一体结构的金属腔 体 232以及罩设金属腔体 232的盖板 233， 盖板 233上装设有多个调谐螺母 234。 优 选地， 金属腔体 232的四周边 2320高于设置有调谐螺母 234的盖板 233， 以避免调 谐螺母 234与校准网络转接板 1相互干涉。 较佳的， 金属腔体 232内部设置有贯穿支撑板 231的两个第一安装圆腔 （图未示 ， 滤波器 23的两个输出端和各耦合电路 224 (225) 的射频输入端 2241 (2251 之间分别通过装设于各第一安装圆腔内的馈电芯 5电连接。
[0050] 较佳的， 金属腔体 232外壁设置有两端贯通的一个第二安装圆腔 235， 校准网络 转接板 1中， 射频输出端与滤波器 23的射频输入端之间通过装设于第二安装圆腔 235内的馈电芯 5电连接。
[0051] 较佳的， 金属腔体 232内部设置有贯穿盖板 233的一个第三安装圆腔 236， 校准 网络转接板 1中， 每个校准输出端与耦合电路 224、 225公共的功分输入端 226之 间通过装设于各第三安装圆腔 236内的馈电芯 5电连接。
[0052] 通过第一安装圆腔、 第二安装圆腔 235及第三安装圆腔 236的设置， 起到了屏蔽 馈电芯 5电磁干扰的作用。 其中， 如图 8所示， 馈电芯 5包括金属芯 51和包覆金属 芯 51的绝缘介质 52， 馈电芯 5在两端裸露而出以方便与其他部件电连接。
[0053] 较佳的， 支撑板 231与馈电网络线路板 22之间可以形成信号隔离腔体 230， 以避 免滤波器 23与馈电网络线路板 22之间相互电磁干扰。
[0054] 在一具体实施例中， 继续参阅图 2， 基站天线还包括底板 3， 安装固定有天线阵 列模块 2的校准网络线路板可拆卸地安装固定于底板 3上。 各天线阵列模块 2利用 其滤波器 23上， 具体如在滤波器 23的金属腔体 232上设置的多个螺栓孔 2321如四 个通过螺栓锁紧的方式与校准网络转接板 1和底板 3安装固定在一起。 底板 3底部 还设置有支撑脚 31。
[0055] 在一具体实施例中， 多个天线阵列模块 2安装固定至校准网络转接板 1上吋， 相 邻列天线阵列模块 2在水平方向上交错排列 （如图 2所示） 或者对齐排列以使其 上设置的天线单元 21对应呈交错排列或者对齐排列状态， 具体排列方式可以根 据电性能需求进行设置。
[0056] 上述实施例中， 校准网络转接板 1中的射频转接线路还包括 2N个射频输入端， 校准网络转接板 1中的校准网络线路还包括一个校准输入端。 射频转接线路中的 射频输入端和校准网络线路中的校准输入端均可以采用 SMP等射频连接器， 其 每个端口位置和连接器型号根据不同设备规格要求而确定。
[0057] 上述实施例中， 基站天线特别优选地是大规模 MIMO基站天线。 [0058] 本发明还提供一种如上述任一项实施例所述的天线阵列模块， 此处不再一一赘 述。
[0059] 本发明的基站天线及其天线阵列模块， 具有如下有益效果：
[0060] 通过将天线单元 21和滤波器 23模块化设计， 一方面降低了结构复杂度和连接复 杂度， 另一方面可以大幅提高系统集成度， 降低材料成本， 同吋有利于大规模 自动化生产， 系统重量大幅降低， 成本大幅降低。 此外， 模块后的天线和滤波 器 23更容易调试和返修， 避免了目前天线或滤波器 23因为局部质量问题造成的 整机报废。 并且， 可扩展性强， 可以根据需要将多个天线阵列模块 2进行组阵使 用。
[0061] 其次， 模块中的天线单元 21和滤波器 23通过馈电芯 5实现连接， 减少了大量射 频连接器， 大幅降低了成本、 减轻了重量。
[0062] 其次， 将天线单元 21和滤波器 23与后端的校准网络及射频接口分离， 有效避免 了因为不同设备商射频接口位置不一致而造成的天线与滤波器 23重新设计， 即 天线和滤波器 23模块结构一样， 只需校准网络转接板 1按不同设备商接口要求进 行结构设计即可， 有效减少了幵发成本。
[0063] 以上仅为本发明的实施方式， 并非因此限制本发明的专利范围， 凡是利用本发 明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换， 或直接或间接运用在其 他相关的技术领域， 均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种天线阵列模块， 其特征在于， 包括：
馈电网络线路板、 滤波器和两个以上天线单元； 所述馈电网络线路板一面设置有两个功分电路、 另一面设置有两个 耦合电路， 所述天线单元安装固定于所述馈电网络线路板设置有功分 电路的一面、 所述滤波器安装固定于所述馈电网络线路板设置有耦合 电路的一面以集成为一体化结构；
每一所述功分电路设置有一输入端和不少于所述天线单元数量的输 出端， 一所述功分电路中与所述天线单元数量相等的多个输出端各自 分别为一所述天线单元进行 -45°极化馈电， 另一所述功分电路中与所 述天线单元数量相等的多个输出端各自分别为一所述天线单元进行 +4 5°极化馈电；
每一所述耦合电路设置有一射频输入端和一输出端， 每一所述耦合 电路的输出端各自分别与一所述功分电路的输入端电连接；
所述滤波器至少设置有两个输出端以构成至少两路输出， 所述滤波 器的两个输出端各自分别与一所述耦合电路的射频输入端电连接。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的天线阵列模块， 其特征在于：
所述馈电网络线路板是双面微带线线路板， 所述功分电路是微带线 功分电路， 所述耦合电路是微带线耦合电路。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 1所述的天线阵列模块， 其特征在于：
所述功分电路的输入端和所述耦合电路的输出端之间通过金属化过 孔电连接。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 1所述的天线阵列模块， 其特征在于：
所述滤波器是金属腔体滤波器， 所述滤波器包括安装固定所述馈电 网络线路板的支撑板、 与所述支撑板构成一体结构的金属腔体以及罩 设所述金属腔体的盖板， 所述盖板上装设有多个调谐螺母， 所述金属 腔体的四周边高于设置有所述调谐螺母的所述盖板。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 4所述的天线阵列模块， 其特征在于： 所述金属腔体内部设置有贯穿所述支撑板的两个安装圆腔， 所述滤 波器的两个输出端和各所述耦合电路的射频输入端之间分别通过装设 于各所述安装圆腔内的馈电芯电连接。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 4所述的天线阵列模块， 其特征在于：
所述支撑板与所述馈电网络线路板之间形成有信号隔离腔体。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 1所述的天线阵列模块， 其特征在于：
所述滤波器是双路滤波器。
[权利要求 8] —种基站天线， 其特征在于， 包括：
两个以上天线阵列模块和校准网络转接板；
所述天线阵列模块包括馈电网络线路板、 滤波器和两个以上天线单 元；
所述馈电网络线路板一面设置有两个功分电路、 另一面设置有两个 耦合电路， 所述天线单元安装固定于所述馈电网络线路板设置有功分 电路的一面、 所述滤波器安装固定于所述馈电网络线路板设置有耦合 电路的一面以集成为一体化结构；
各所述天线阵列模块借助所述滤波器可拆卸地安装于所述校准网络 转接板；
每一所述功分电路设置有一输入端和不少于所述天线单元数量的输 出端， 一所述功分电路中与所述天线单元数量相等的多个输出端各自 分别为一所述天线单元进行 -45°极化馈电， 另一所述功分电路中与所 述天线单元数量相等的多个输出端各自分别为一所述天线单元进行 +4 5°极化馈电；
每一所述耦合电路设置有一射频输入端和一输出端， 每一所述耦合 电路的输出端各自分别与一所述功分电路的输入端电连接， 并且， 两 个所述耦合电路还设置有一公共的功分输入端；
所述滤波器至少设置有两个射频输入端和两个输出端以构成至少两 路输入输出， 所述滤波器的两个输出端各自分别与一所述耦合电路的 射频输入端电连接； 所述校准网络转接板设置有包括 2N个射频输出端的射频转接线路 和 N个校准输出端的校准网络线路， N≥l， 其中， 所述校准网络转接 板中， 每两个所述射频输出端与所述滤波器的两个射频输入端电连接 ， 每个所述校准输出端与所述耦合电路公共的功分输入端电连接。 根据权利要求 8所述的基站天线， 其特征在于：
所述校准网络转接板是带状线线路板， 所述射频转接线路是带状线 射频转接线路， 所述校准网络线路是带状线校准网络线路。
根据权利要求 8所述的基站天线， 其特征在于：
所述馈电网络线路板是双面微带线线路板， 所述功分电路是微带线 功分电路， 所述耦合电路是微带线耦合电路。
根据权利要求 8所述的基站天线， 其特征在于：
所述功分电路的输入端和所述耦合电路的输出端之间通过金属化过 孔电连接。
根据权利要求 8所述的基站天线， 其特征在于：
所述滤波器是金属腔体滤波器， 所述滤波器包括安装固定所述馈电 网络线路板的支撑板、 与所述支撑板构成一体结构的金属腔体以及罩 设所述金属腔体的盖板， 所述盖板上装设有多个调谐螺母， 所述金属 腔体的四周边高于设置有所述调谐螺母的所述盖板。
根据权利要求 12所述的基站天线， 其特征在于：
所述金属腔体内部设置有贯穿所述支撑板的两个第一安装圆腔， 所 述滤波器的两个输出端和各所述耦合电路的射频输入端之间分别通过 装设于各所述第一安装圆腔内的馈电芯电连接。
根据权利要求 12所述的基站天线， 其特征在于：
所述金属腔体外壁设置有两端贯通的一个第二安装圆腔， 所述校准 网络转接板中， 所述射频输出端与所述滤波器的射频输入端之间通过 装设于所述第二安装圆腔内的馈电芯电连接。
根据权利要求 12所述的基站天线， 其特征在于：
所述金属腔体内部设置有贯穿所述盖板的一个第三安装圆腔， 所述 校准网络转接板中， 每个所述校准输出端与所述耦合电路公共的功分 输入端之间通过装设于各所述第三安装圆腔内的馈电芯电连接。
[权利要求 16] 根据权利要求 12所述的基站天线， 其特征在于：
所述支撑板与所述馈电网络线路板之间形成有信号隔离腔体。
[权利要求 17] 根据权利要求 8所述的基站天线， 其特征在于：
所述滤波器是双路滤波器。
[权利要求 18] 根据权利要求 8所述的基站天线， 其特征在于：
所述基站天线还包括底板， 安装固定有所述天线阵列模块的所述校 准网络线路板可拆卸地安装固定于所述底板上。
[权利要求 19] 根据权利要求 8所述的基站天线， 其特征在于：
相邻列所述天线阵列模块在水平方向上交错排列或者对齐排列。
[权利要求 20] 根据权利要求 8〜19任一项所述的基站天线， 其特征在于：
所述基站天线是大规模 MIMO基站天线。
PCT/CN2017/100843 2017-09-07 2017-09-07 基站天线及其天线阵列模块 WO2019047091A1 (zh)

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