WO2019043705A1 - Récupérateur d'énergie houlomotrice à trois degrés de liberté - Google Patents

Récupérateur d'énergie houlomotrice à trois degrés de liberté Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019043705A1
WO2019043705A1 PCT/IL2018/050957 IL2018050957W WO2019043705A1 WO 2019043705 A1 WO2019043705 A1 WO 2019043705A1 IL 2018050957 W IL2018050957 W IL 2018050957W WO 2019043705 A1 WO2019043705 A1 WO 2019043705A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heave
base
joint
arm
wave
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IL2018/050957
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mark Daniel Farb
Anurag Purwar
Banu SAJJA
Original Assignee
Leviathan Energy L.L.C.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leviathan Energy L.L.C. filed Critical Leviathan Energy L.L.C.
Priority to CN201880056833.6A priority Critical patent/CN111344485A/zh
Priority to US16/643,565 priority patent/US20200191111A1/en
Publication of WO2019043705A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019043705A1/fr
Priority to US17/183,371 priority patent/US20210207570A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/20—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" wherein both members, i.e. wom and rem are movable relative to the sea bed or shore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/20—Geometry three-dimensional
    • F05B2250/23—Geometry three-dimensional prismatic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/40—Movement of component
    • F05B2250/43—Movement of component with three degrees of freedom
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/82—Forecasts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • DDeeffiinniittiioonnss :: AA rreevvoolluuttee jjooiinntt iiss aallssoo ccaalllleedd aa rroottaattiioonnaall jjooiinntt.. AA pprriissmmaattiicc jjooiinntt iiss aallssoo ccaalllleedd aa sslliiddiinngg jjooiinntt..
  • the wave impact induces rotation of gyroscopes located mside a pear-shaped "duck", and an electrical generator converts this rotation into electricity with high efficiency.
  • an electrical generator converts this rotation into electricity with high efficiency.
  • it cannot adjust to greater size heaves, so it may have high efficiency only in a limited range of the wave motion.
  • a related device is the category of oscillating wave surge converter. These devices typically have one end connected to a structure or the seabed while the other end is free to move.
  • the arm oscillates as an inverted pendulum mounted on a pivoted joint in response to the movement of water in the waves. Energy is collected from the relative motion of the body with respect to the connected point.
  • Figure 5 shows an example in the Wave Energy Harvester With Three Degrees of Freedom
  • Oyster wave converter It operates as a single degree of freedom device. It only takes advantage of the vertical motion of the wave.
  • Attenuators operate to some extent by heave. Attenuator devices are relatively long in length (up to 150m) as compared to ocean wavelengths, and are typically positioned in parallel to the general direction of wave propagation. Attenuators consist of multiple buoyant segments that articulate as wave crests and troughs pass. Mechanical energy is extracted from the relative motion of each segment, usually though the compression of a fluid in hydraulic pistons. Attenuators can be designed to float freely and operate at the water's surface or can be arranged to articulate in reaction to a connected structure attached to the ocean floor. The most notable surface attenuator WEC is the Pelamis. These systems are very inefficient.
  • Patent No. US 9,169,823 B2 Another example of a heave structure is Patent No. US 9,169,823 B2. It is a device for generating electricity that includes a buoyant structure, a heave plate, at least one load carrying structure that is mechanically coupled to both the buoyant structure and the heave plate, and at least one magnetostrictive element.
  • the magnetostrictive element is configured to experience force changes applied by the load carrying structure caused by hydrodynamic forces acting on the device. It is shown in Figure 6.
  • This device in comparison to the current invention, lacks joints, and lacks three degrees of freedom.
  • the device uses a floating buoyant
  • a floating structure which is structure which is attached to a heaving attached to a base plate using plate by magnetostrictive elements and mechanical linkages such as sliding or load carrying elements rolling joints Wave Energy Harvester With Three Degrees of Freedom
  • the floating structure has 3 points of The floating structure has 3 points of connection to the heaving plate connection to the base plate
  • the device has a cylindrical buoy as We use any appropriate shape as a floating structure floating element
  • the device uses a heave plate in order to We connect the base plate either by damp the heave response of the body using a pile attached to the seabed or by using mooring lines
  • the force changes in the load carrying The movement of the hydraulic pistons structures between the heave plate and the due to the relative movement of the float float create current flow in the with respect to the base plate creates magnetostrictive elements pressurized fluid which can be used to produce power, but we are not limited to that way of generating power.
  • Patent No. US 4,631,921 describes, as shown in Figure 7, a float for supporting a submerged wave energy harvesting device that includes a conical member which is buoyant on the surface of the body of water.
  • the conical member rocks or otherwise moves in response to wave motion on the surface of the body of water.
  • An electrical generator is located within the interior of the conical member and is connected to the device.
  • Supplemental positioning floats each connected to an anchor can be positioned in a geometrical configuration around the conical member with a tether connected between the conical member and each of the supplemental floats to maintain both the conical member and the device in a fixed position with respect to the ocean floor.
  • the device has a conical floating
  • a floating structure which is structure which is attached to a generator attached to a base plate using mechanical via a shaft linkages such as prismatic or rolling joints Wave Energy Harvester With Three Degrees of Freedom
  • the conical structure has 3 points of
  • the floating structure has 3 points of connection to the floatation system connection to the base plate
  • the device has a conical buoy as floating
  • a triangular structure as a floating structure element
  • the device uses hydraulic turbines to We use hydraulic pistons to pump generate power hydraulic fluid into turbine
  • a device having three degrees of freedom in a connected plane is the ideal way to harness energy for heave, surge, and pitch, as the device can adjust and orient itself according to the wave characteristics.
  • this device there a moving platform connected to a base (or, fixed) platform via three arm devices (or, kinematic chain) each of single degree of freedom consisting of a trio of revolute, "R”, (rotational) or prismatic, "P”, (sliding) joints. Consequently each of the independent kinematic chains can be denoted by a set of three letters indicating the succession of joints starting from the ground.
  • a revolute joint (also called pin joint or hinge joint) is a one-degree-of-freedom kinematic pair used in mechanisms.
  • Revolute joints provide single-axis rotation function used in many places such as door hinges, folding mechanisms, and other uni-axial rotation devices.
  • a prismatic joint provides a linear sliding movement between two bodies, and is often called a slider, as in the slider-crank linkage.
  • a prismatic joint can be formed with a polygonal cross-section to resist rotation. For example, if a serial chain is PRR, there is a prismatic joint at A and there are two revolute joints at B and C (joint connected to the moving platform) respectively, in Figure 8.
  • the invention can be customized to the prevailing wave situation in each area, as the flow chart in Figure 10 shows.
  • WEC Wave Energy Converter.
  • AQWA is a software package.
  • the present invention successfully addresses the shortcomings of the presently known configurations by providing a 3-points-of-freedom device to obtain energy from waves.
  • the energy is transformed into useful form through hydraulics or motion in most cases.
  • a base structure with at least two sides, fixed to a base in or adjacent to waves, a floating heave structure, with at least two sides,
  • each arm device comprising:
  • a base joint of either the prismatic or revolute types attached to a side of the base structure facing the heave structure Wave Energy Harvester With Three Degrees of Freedom a heave joint of either the prismatic or revolute types attached to a side of the heave structure facing the base structure, said heave joint corresponding substantially to positions of the base joints on the base structure,
  • each base joint is attached to a base arm
  • each heave joint is attached to a heave arm
  • each pair of base and heave arms is attached to a middle joint
  • each said arm device is connected to at least one generator system, said generator system defined as any mechanism that results in energy production, such as hydraulic or electrical, from the motion of the arm device.
  • system further comprises 3 arm devices.
  • system of 2 or 3 arm devices further comprises at least one generator system comprising a hydraulic mechanism containing a compressible fluid, said fluid compressed by the motion of the arms and joints.
  • At least one arm device comprises an electric generator, operating from rotational motion of the joint.
  • the base structure is below the heave structure.
  • the base structure is between the upper part of the wave on the surface and the lower point of the wave, beneath the surface.
  • the base structure is adjustable in height above the sea floor while fixed to a supporting object.
  • system further comprises a second heave structure attached by arm devices to a second side of the base structure.
  • the heave structure is substantially planar.
  • the heave structure is a polygonal structure.
  • At least one part of the heave structure is concavely cupped in the area of impact of the wave on the heave structure
  • a length of the heave structure is equal to or a little greater than the wavelength of the wave. (This may be a more efficient configuration.)
  • the heave structure is at least partially hollow.
  • a base structure with at least two sides, fixed to a base in or adjacent to waves, providing a floating heave structure, with at least two sides,
  • each arm device comprising:
  • a base joint of either the prismatic or revolute types attached to a side of the base structure facing the heave structure Wave Energy Harvester With Three Degrees of Freedom a heave joint of either the prismatic or revolute types attached to a side of the heave structure facing the base structure, said heave joint corresponding substantially to a position of the base joint on the base structure,
  • each base joint is attached to a base arm
  • each heave joint is attached to a heave arm
  • each pair of base and heave arms is attached to a middle joint
  • each arm device is connected to at least one generator system, said generator system defined as any mechanism that results in energy production, such as hydraulic or electrical, from the motion of the arm device.
  • system further comprises at least 3 arm devices.
  • the method further comprises:
  • obtaining wave data comprising height of waves in a particular location over time, determining a standard wave height, based on one of a group of average, median, or mode of the wave heights in a designated area,
  • Figure 1 is a diagram of 3 three-degree-of-freedom arm devices attached to base and heave structures.
  • Figure 2 is a diagram of a platform with straight hydraulic connections. Wave Energy Harvester With Three Degrees of Freedom
  • Figure 3 is a diagram of surfaces of a concave heave structure.
  • Figure 8 is a diagram of prismatic and revolute joints.
  • Figure 9 is a diagram of different possible movements of a three-degree-of- freedom device.
  • Figure 10 is an outline of the method of evaluating a site for a three-degree-of- freedom device.
  • Figure 11 is a diagram of several devices operating with different maximal and minimal wave height.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a three-degree-of-freedom device.
  • (1) is the base structure and (2) is the heave structure.
  • Joints attached to the base structure are (3,4,5).
  • Joints attached to the heave structure are (15,16,17). Note that (16) is really not seen from this perspective.
  • the joints on the base structure are ideally substantially aligned vertically with the joints on the heave structure.
  • Each base joint is attached to an arm (6,7,8).
  • Each heave joint is attached to an arm (12,13,14).
  • the base and heave arms meet in a middle joint (9,10,11).
  • An example of an arm device would be (3,6,9,12,15).
  • Three arm sets provide limitations in 3 dimensions over the motion of the heave structure.
  • a base structure does not necessarily have to be below the heave structure.
  • Figure 2 shows an example of a three-degree-of-freedom device with more arms than are necessary for the current invention, since the figure, for the sake of clarity, shows only 3 of the 6 arms.
  • This is a Stewart's platform, which is made for robotics controls, otherwise an example of the current invention's configuration, except for the facts that it is made for movement under human control, not for absorption of energy from a rolling wave, and thereby consumes rather than produces energy, and that for the current application, three arm devices are adequate. More than 3 are unnecessary.
  • (20) is the base structure and (21) is the upper platform, or what would be termed in this invention, a heave structure. It is also different from the current application as all its joints are the RPR type.
  • (22) is the base joint
  • (23) is the heave joint
  • (24) is the middle joint, connecting two arms.
  • the middle joint (24) is an example of a prismatic or sliding joint.
  • a Stewart platform is limited to such a RPR joint. To our knowledge, no one has utilized the concept of the control available from robotics configurations to use them backwards to enable waves to drive a harvesting of mechanical or hydraulic energy.
  • Figure 3 shows a variation of the heave structure with a concave surface.
  • the heave structure does not have to be tabular. Because the other heave structures shown for this invention and other heave inventions of prior art have a flat or convex surface, efficiency can be lost by water sliding over them. A cupped and concave surface is likely to be more efficient and capture more energy. Elements (30,31,32) show one embodiment of that. The tabular or polyhedral structure of whatever shape can have variable thickness. We have found that such variation can be associated with different efficiencies.
  • Figure 4 is an illustration of how a Salter's Duck turbine works. Wave Energy Harvester With Three Degrees of Freedom
  • Figure 5 illustrates an oscillating system
  • Figure 6 illustrates a buoy system.
  • Figure 7 illustrates another buoy system.
  • the limitation of a buoy system is that it moves only up and down and misses the rolling force of the waves.
  • Figure 8 illustrates the definition of the joints.
  • Figure 9 shows the variety of combinations of joints to make a three-degree-of- freedom device. It illustrates the common abbreviations of the likely combinations. One can see the flexibility of these different configurations in terms of being able to respond to the non-linear motion of waves.
  • Figure 10 shows the process of customizing the concept for a particular site in the ocean. This involves obtaining data on the average, median, and mode of a particular location, using that information to decide on a standard wave height to use as the basis to design a project, and picking a design point for the system, which will usually be double the standard wave height so that one can cover the ranges from zero to a large majority of the wave heights. Alternatively, one may use this distribution to maximize energy obtained by choosing a point higher than the standard wave height for the design of the system if there are a lot of higher waves in that location. Since power is proportional to wave height squared, there is more to be gained in terms of total power by capturing the higher end of the spectrum, depending on the total cost-effectiveness of making a higher capacity turbine. In some circumstances, moderate amounts of power delivered consistently are more the desires of the customer, in which case the best choice is to double the standard wave height in determining maximum height of the upper structure. Wave Energy Harvester With Three Degrees of Freedom
  • Figure 11 illustrates how the current invention compares with other technologies.
  • the potential advantage of this is not only an increase in efficiency for a particular wave, but it addresses a limitation of heave devices—that they are efficient for a particular wave height but cannot "stretch” to change the wave height they can adjust to.
  • a current-art heave converter that was made to work on 1 -meter high waves will always be limited to 1 meter of a 2-meter wave, but the current invention can be made so it can bend according to a range of wave heights. If it is 1 meter when the joints are bent at 45 degrees, it can become 2 meters when the joints are at 90 degrees to the base structure. This variation is a normal feature of waves.
  • a project developer might measure that 1 -meter waves are the average in a location, and use a converter made for ideal performance for 1 -meter waves.
  • a developer can determine, for example, that the average waves are 1 meter but 90% of the time they vary from 0 to 3. Then the developer would order from the applicant a 3 points of freedom wave harvester whose maximum height is 3 meters, but which can bend to nearly zero.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, un mouvement irrégulier d'ondes pose un défi à l'obtention efficace d'énergie. L'on a découvert que des dispositifs de type pilonnement offrent des rendements élevés, mais sont limités à la capture d'énergie dans une ou deux directions de liberté. On décrit un nouveau système et un nouveau procédé d'obtention d'énergie à partir du mouvement de pilonnement des vagues. Le système est constitué de structures de base et de pilonnement reliées par des dispositifs bras présentant trois degrés de liberté, lesdits à bras étant alimentés par le mouvement de la structure de pilonnement dans le fluide. Ces dispositifs à bras assurent la capture de l'énergie houlomotrice par des systèmes mécaniques, hydrauliques ou pneumatiques.
PCT/IL2018/050957 2017-09-03 2018-08-29 Récupérateur d'énergie houlomotrice à trois degrés de liberté WO2019043705A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201880056833.6A CN111344485A (zh) 2017-09-03 2018-08-29 具有三个自由度的波浪能量捕获器
US16/643,565 US20200191111A1 (en) 2017-09-03 2018-08-29 Wave energy harvester with three degrees of freedom
US17/183,371 US20210207570A1 (en) 2017-09-03 2021-02-24 Wave energy harvester with three degrees of freedom

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201762553851P 2017-09-03 2017-09-03
US62/553,851 2017-09-03

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US16/643,565 A-371-Of-International US20200191111A1 (en) 2017-09-03 2018-08-29 Wave energy harvester with three degrees of freedom
US17/183,371 Continuation-In-Part US20210207570A1 (en) 2017-09-03 2021-02-24 Wave energy harvester with three degrees of freedom

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WO2019043705A1 true WO2019043705A1 (fr) 2019-03-07

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US (1) US20200191111A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN111344485A (fr)
WO (1) WO2019043705A1 (fr)

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US11649801B2 (en) 2020-08-14 2023-05-16 Narayan R Iyer System and method of capturing and linearizing oceanic wave motion using a buoy flotation device and an alternating-to-direct motion converter
CN113123918B (zh) * 2021-04-20 2022-11-04 中国石油大学(华东) 一种集成式六自由度浮子波能发电装置
CN114233561B (zh) * 2021-12-26 2023-01-24 中国海洋大学 基于张力腿式系泊的多自由度波浪能利用装置

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CN115901174B (zh) * 2022-12-05 2023-08-22 华南理工大学 一种可实现浮体多自由度运动的浮体实验平台

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