WO2019041067A1 - 极化译码的方法与装置 - Google Patents

极化译码的方法与装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019041067A1
WO2019041067A1 PCT/CN2017/099202 CN2017099202W WO2019041067A1 WO 2019041067 A1 WO2019041067 A1 WO 2019041067A1 CN 2017099202 W CN2017099202 W CN 2017099202W WO 2019041067 A1 WO2019041067 A1 WO 2019041067A1
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Prior art keywords
information bit
bit length
decoding
length
code
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PCT/CN2017/099202
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
游治
郑征
李楠
张玉伦
张亮
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP17922998.4A priority Critical patent/EP3627709B1/en
Priority to CN201780091565.7A priority patent/CN110741555B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2017/099202 priority patent/WO2019041067A1/zh
Publication of WO2019041067A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019041067A1/zh
Priority to US16/727,655 priority patent/US11012092B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
    • H04L1/0046—Code rate detection or code type detection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
    • H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
    • H03M13/13—Linear codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
    • H04L1/0052—Realisations of complexity reduction techniques, e.g. pipelining or use of look-up tables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0057—Block codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0072—Error control for data other than payload data, e.g. control data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of polarization code technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for polarization decoding.
  • the Polar code is theoretically proven to approximate Shannon's capacity and has a simple decoding method.
  • a part of the bits are used to carry information, called information bits, and the set of sequence numbers of these information bits is denoted as A.
  • the other part of the bits are preset to a fixed value pre-agreed by both the encoding end and the decoding end, which is called a frozen bit, and the set of sequence numbers is part of the complement or complement of A. Without loss of generality, these frozen bits are usually set to zero. In fact, only the encoding end and the decoding end need to be pre-agreed, and the frozen bit sequence can also be set to other fixed values, such as 1.
  • the encoded information bit sequence can be obtained by:
  • a row vector of length K ie Indicates that the number of elements in set A is K
  • the code length N and the information bit length K are generally referred to as coding parameters.
  • the coding parameter can also be called a decoding parameter.
  • the decoding end may not know the encoding parameters used by the encoding end from the encoding end, that is, the code used by the encoding end is unknown. Length N and information bit length K. There are many possibilities for the N value and the K value at this time. Therefore, the decoding end needs to use different combinations of N value and K value to try to decode the polarization code sequence. This process can be called blind detection or blind decoding. . This process is similar to the blind detection of the PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) in Long Term Evolution (LTE).
  • PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • decoding is performed by sequentially traversing different combinations of all possible values of N and all possible values of K.
  • the existing polarization decoding method has too many blind detection times, and the large amount of decoding operations leads to high complexity.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide methods and apparatus for polarization coding for reducing polarization decoding complexity.
  • the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for performing polarization decoding, including: acquiring a polarization code sequence; and determining at least one first information bit length corresponding to a code length of the polarization code sequence; Performing blind detection based decoding on the polarization code sequence by the code length and the at least one first information bit length; wherein The at least one first information bit length is a part of a preset information bit length set corresponding to the code length, and the remaining part of the preset information bit length set is at least one second information bit length, At least one second information bit length is excluded for the blind detection. Each second information bit length is less than one or more information bit lengths of the at least one first information bit length.
  • the polarization code sequence has a specific code length, and at least one first information bit length used for blind detection is a part, not all, of the preset information bit length set corresponding to the code length, thereby
  • the blind detection excludes the use of at least one second information bit length such that the number of information bit lengths attempted in blind detection is reduced. Due to the unique nested characteristics of the polarization code, the above scheme reduces the blind detection complexity under the condition that the decoding accuracy is satisfied as much as possible.
  • the at least one first information bit length is a simplified set of information bit lengths relative to a preset information bit length set.
  • each of the at least one first information bit length is greater than the at least one second information bit length.
  • the at least one first information bit length is the largest one or more of the plurality of candidate information bit lengths in the preset information bit length set.
  • the preset information bit length set includes a plurality of groups, and at least one of the plurality of groups includes at least one third information bit length and at least one fourth information bit length.
  • Each of the at least one third information bit length is greater than the at least one fourth information bit length; the at least one first information bit length includes the at least one third information bit length; the at least one The two information bit lengths include the at least one fourth information bit length.
  • the preset information bit length set formed by the plurality of candidate information bit lengths may be divided into a plurality of groups, and one or more of the groups may include excluded for the blind detection. At least one fourth information bit length can reduce decoding complexity.
  • the plurality of groups may be divided according to experience by a person skilled in the art or according to simulation data in the design process, so as to select one or more third information bit lengths for blind detection from any group.
  • the fourth information bit length is excluded from the blind detection to achieve performance optimization.
  • the determining, according to the code length of the polarization code sequence, the at least one first information bit length comprises: from a plurality of candidate information bit lengths in the preset information bit length set The at least one first information bit length is selected.
  • the at least one first information bit length is pre-configured in an apparatus that performs the method.
  • the selection process is not required, but at least one first information bit length used for blind detection is directly obtained by pre-configuration, which reduces the complexity of the decoding operation.
  • the pre-configuration may be preset in the device in the form of a software configuration or a hardware configuration. Whenever the device needs to perform blind detection for the code length, at least one first information bit length corresponding to the code length is determined by the software configuration or hardware configuration.
  • the blind detection needs to be performed for a plurality of different code lengths and a plurality of information bit lengths corresponding to each code length.
  • the number of code lengths is larger, the number of coding parameters will be larger. At this time, the method using the scheme will be more advantageous for reducing the decoding complexity.
  • the plurality of code lengths may be pre-configured in a device performing the method based on a wireless communication protocol or configured by the peer device for the device.
  • the network node and the device can both grasp the multiple different code lengths required in the blind detection, and the device can use the above method to reduce the decoding complexity when performing blind detection by itself.
  • the preset information bit length set is pre-configured in a device that performs the method based on a wireless communication protocol or configured by the peer device for the device.
  • the network node and the device can both grasp the multiple candidate information bit lengths corresponding to each code length, and the device can reduce the decoding complexity by using the above method when performing blind detection by itself.
  • the polarization code sequence is generated by polarization encoding of a data source by a peer device, and the preset information bit length set is used in the polarization coding.
  • the decoding since the number of the at least one first information bit length used by the apparatus performing the decoding method is less than the plurality of candidate information bit lengths used by the peer device performing the encoding, the decoding may be relatively reduced. the complexity.
  • the polarization code sequence includes a plurality of candidate polarization code sequences; and performing, by using the code length and the at least one first information bit length, the polarization code sequence is performed based on
  • Decoding of the blind detection includes: performing decoding based on the blind detection on the plurality of candidate polarization code sequences in a serial or parallel manner by using the code length and the at least one information bit length .
  • performing decoding based on the blind detection on a plurality of candidate polarization code sequences in a parallel manner can effectively improve the decoding speed.
  • performing decoding based on the blind detection on a plurality of candidate polarization code sequences in a serial manner can effectively reduce consumption of software or hardware resources in decoding.
  • the plurality of candidate polarization code sequences may not all be for a device that currently performs the decoding method, and the device needs to perform blind detection based on each of the plurality of candidate polarization code sequences.
  • each candidate polarization code sequence is the result of demodulating the output by the demodulation device, ie demodulating the soft value.
  • the demodulation device can perform at least one of the following demodulation: Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (Quadrature) Amplitude Modulation, QAM), 64QAM or 256QAM to obtain the demodulated soft value.
  • At least one candidate polarization code sequence of the plurality of candidate polarization code sequences is scrambled by an identifier corresponding to a device performing the method; the method further includes: using the identifier to The decoding results corresponding to the candidate polarization code sequences are respectively descrambled to identify decoding results corresponding to the at least one candidate polarization code sequence belonging to the device.
  • the identifier is a Radio Network Tempory Identity (RNTI).
  • the wireless network temporary identifier is an identifier of a user equipment where the device is located.
  • the method may further include: a de-cyclic redundancy check for verifying the decoding result (Cyclic Redundancy Check, CRC).
  • CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for performing polarization decoding, including: acquiring a polarization sequence, determining a plurality of first coding parameters, and using the multiple first coding parameters to the polarization code sequence. Performing blind detection based decoding; wherein the plurality of first encoding parameters are part of a plurality of candidate encoding parameters, each candidate encoding parameter comprising a code length and an information bit length, the plurality of candidate encoding parameters further comprising at least a second encoding parameter, the at least one second encoding parameter being excluded for the blind detection, the plurality of first encoding parameters comprising at least one third encoding parameter, the at least one second encoding parameter comprising at least one And a fourth encoding parameter, the at least one third encoding parameter and the at least one fourth encoding parameter belong to a set of encoding parameters and each comprise the same first code length.
  • Each fourth encoding parameter includes a second information bit length that is less than one or more of the at least one first information bit length included in the at least one third encoding parameter. Similar to the first aspect, the present scheme uses the nesting characteristic peculiar to the polarization code to exclude the at least one second coding parameter for the blind detection, and reduces the complexity under the condition that the decoding accuracy is satisfied as much as possible.
  • each third coding parameter includes a first information bit length greater than at least one second information bit length included in the at least one fourth coding parameter.
  • the at least one third coding parameter has a maximum of at least one first information bit length.
  • the coding parameter set includes multiple groups, and at least one of the multiple groups includes at least one fifth coding parameter and at least one sixth coding parameter, the at least one Each of the at least one third information bit length included in the five coding parameters is greater than the at least one fourth information bit length included in the at least one sixth coding parameter; the at least one third coding parameter including the at least one Five coding parameters; the at least one fourth coding parameter comprising the at least one sixth coding parameter. Since the set of encoding parameters includes a plurality of groups, one or more of which may include encoding parameters excluded for the blind detection, the decoding complexity may be reduced. Optionally, the plurality of groups may be divided according to experience by a person skilled in the art or according to simulation data in the design process.
  • the determining the plurality of first encoding parameters comprises: selecting a plurality of first encoding parameters from the plurality of candidate encoding parameters.
  • the plurality of first encoding parameters are pre-configured in an apparatus that performs the method.
  • the pre-configuration may be preset in the device in the form of a software configuration or a hardware configuration.
  • the plurality of first encoding parameters are determined by the software configuration or hardware configuration whenever the device needs to perform blind detection.
  • the plurality of candidate coding parameters are pre-configured in a device that performs the method based on a wireless communication protocol or configured by the peer device for the device.
  • the polarization code sequence is generated by polar coding of a data source by a peer device, and the multiple candidate coding parameters are used in the polarization coding.
  • the polarization code sequence includes a plurality of candidate polarization code sequences; and performing blind detection-based coding on the polarization code sequence by using the plurality of first coding parameters includes: Decoding, based on the blind detection, on the plurality of candidate polarization code sequences, respectively, in a serial or parallel manner using the plurality of first coding parameters.
  • each candidate polarization code sequence is a demodulated soft value from a demodulation device.
  • the demodulation device can perform at least one of the following demodulations: quadrature phase shift keying, binary phase shift keying, 16QAM, 64QAM, or 256QAM.
  • At least one candidate polarization code sequence of the plurality of candidate polarization code sequences is scrambled by an identifier corresponding to a device performing the method; the method further includes: using the identifier to The decoding results corresponding to the candidate polarization code sequences are respectively descrambled to identify decoding results corresponding to the at least one candidate polarization code sequence belonging to the device.
  • the identifier is a wireless network temporary identifier.
  • the wireless network temporary identifier is an identifier of a user equipment where the device is located.
  • the method may further comprise: a de-cyclic redundancy check for verifying the decoding result.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a device for polarization decoding, including: a processor, a memory, and a connector; the memory is configured to store computer executable instructions, and the processor is coupled to the memory through the connector The processor executes the computer executable instructions stored in the memory to perform or drive or enable the apparatus to perform the method of the first aspect, the second aspect, or any possible implementation thereof.
  • the connector comprises at least one of an interface, a transmission line or a bus.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a device for performing polarization decoding, including: an obtaining module, a determining module, and a decoding module, where the three units are respectively configured to perform the first aspect, the second aspect, or Each of the steps involved in any of the possible implementations.
  • the apparatus further includes: a verification module.
  • the decoding module is configured to generate a decoding result
  • the verification module is configured to verify the decoding result.
  • the apparatus further includes a descrambling module. At least one candidate polarization code sequence of the plurality of candidate polarization code sequences is scrambled by an identifier corresponding to the device.
  • the descrambling module is configured to perform descrambling respectively on the decoding results corresponding to the plurality of candidate polarization code sequences, to identify a translation corresponding to the at least one candidate polarization code sequence belonging to the device Code result.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, where the computer readable storage medium stores computer executable instructions, when the instruction is run on a computer or a processor, so that the computer or the processor can The method of the first aspect, the second aspect, or any of its possible implementations described above is performed.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product comprising the instructions of the fifth aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a device for polarization decoding, including an interface circuit, a parameter generator, and a polarization decoder.
  • any of these three components includes an integrated circuit, such as a logic gate or transistor.
  • the device is a chipset composed of a chip or a plurality of chips. The three-part devices perform the respective steps in the methods involved in the first aspect, the second aspect, or any of the possible implementations thereof, by logical operations, respectively.
  • the apparatus further includes at least one of a descrambler or a checker.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a user equipment, where the user equipment is used to communicate with a peer device, where the user equipment may include the device mentioned in the third aspect, the fourth aspect, or the seventh aspect.
  • the user equipment further comprises demodulating means for providing the polarized code sequence to the apparatus.
  • the polarization code sequence is a demodulation soft value generated by the demodulation device demodulating the received digital signal.
  • the demodulation device can perform at least one of the following demodulation: quadrature phase shift keying, binary phase shift key Control, 16QAM, 64QAM or 256QAM.
  • the user equipment further includes a transceiver for receiving a radio frequency signal from the antenna, converting the radio frequency signal into a digital baseband signal or a digital intermediate frequency signal, and providing the digital baseband signal or the digital intermediate frequency signal to the Demodulating means, such that the demodulating means can demodulate the digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal to generate the demodulated soft value.
  • a transceiver for receiving a radio frequency signal from the antenna, converting the radio frequency signal into a digital baseband signal or a digital intermediate frequency signal, and providing the digital baseband signal or the digital intermediate frequency signal to the Demodulating means, such that the demodulating means can demodulate the digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal to generate the demodulated soft value.
  • the transceiver is further configured to receive the modulated digital baseband signal or the digital intermediate frequency signal from the modulation device in the user equipment, and convert the modulated digital baseband signal or the digital intermediate frequency signal into a radio frequency signal, and pass the antenna Sending the radio frequency signal.
  • the user device can be a mobile phone, a tablet or a wearable device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus, including: a processor, a transceiver, and a connector; the processor and the transceiver are coupled through the connector.
  • the connector comprises at least one of an interface, a transmission line or a bus.
  • the transceiver is configured to receive a radio frequency signal from an antenna and convert the radio frequency signal into a digital baseband signal or a digital intermediate frequency signal.
  • the processor is configured to demodulate the digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal to generate a polarization code sequence, and further perform the method involved in the first aspect, the second aspect, or any possible implementation thereof, as described above Decoding of a polarization code sequence.
  • the processor may include a demodulating device and a decoding device.
  • the decoding means may be a device as mentioned in the third, fourth or seventh aspect and specifically perform the method as referred to in the first aspect, the second aspect or any of its possible implementations.
  • the transceiver is further configured to receive the modulated digital baseband signal or the digital intermediate frequency signal from the modulation device in the device, and convert the modulated digital baseband signal or the digital intermediate frequency signal into a radio frequency signal, and send the signal through an antenna.
  • the radio frequency signal is further configured to receive the modulated digital baseband signal or the digital intermediate frequency signal from the modulation device in the device, and convert the modulated digital baseband signal or the digital intermediate frequency signal into a radio frequency signal, and send the signal through an antenna.
  • the radio frequency signal is further configured to receive the modulated digital baseband signal or the digital intermediate frequency signal from the modulation device in the device, and convert the modulated digital baseband signal or the digital intermediate frequency signal into a radio frequency signal, and send the signal through an antenna.
  • the radio frequency signal is further configured to receive the modulated digital baseband signal or the digital intermediate frequency signal from the modulation device in the device, and convert the modulated digital baseband signal or the digital intermediate frequency signal into a radio frequency signal, and send the signal through an antenna.
  • the device may be a chip or a chipset consisting of multiple chips, or a collection of chips or chipsets and associated driver software.
  • the driver software may include the computer program product mentioned in the sixth aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of hardware of an access network device 20 and a terminal 30 in communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication processor in a communication terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a nesting characteristic of a polarization code according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a subchannel polarization state of a polarization code sequence with a code length N of 128 and an information bit length K of 64 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a subchannel polarization state of a polarization code sequence with a code length N of 128 and an information bit length K of 96 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a method for performing polarization decoding according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for performing polarization decoding in hardware according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization decoding apparatus including a processor capable of executing computer executable instructions according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another polarization decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a solution for limiting the number of coding parameters used in decoding according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 12A is a schematic structural diagram of a device for performing polarization decoding in a hardware format in a serial decoding mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 12B is a schematic structural diagram of a device for implementing a polarization decoding device in a parallel decoding mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication process based on a polarization code according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of another scheme for limiting the number of coding parameters used in decoding according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a polarization encoding process according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a communication system 10 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system 10 includes an access network device 20 and one or more terminals 30 coupled to the access network device 20.
  • the access network device 20 serves as a peer device of the terminal 30 and can provide wireless communication services for the terminal 30. Since mobile communication is also called cellular communication, the access network device 20 can form one or more cells and serve multiple terminals 30 present within the cell. Illustratively, the access network device 20 can be a base station, a relay station, or other wireless access point or the like.
  • the base station supports various types of wireless communication protocols, such as a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system for mobile communication (GSM) or a code division multiple access (CDMA) network.
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • GSM global system for mobile communication
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • the access network device 20 may also be a network device in other networks, such as a future 5th generation (5G) mobile communication network or a future evolution of the Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN). Network devices such as gNodeB.
  • 5G future 5th generation
  • PLMN Public Land Mobile Network
  • the terminal 30 is also called a user equipment (UE), and may be an access terminal, a terminal unit, a terminal station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a wireless communication device, a terminal agent, or a terminal device. Wait.
  • UE user equipment
  • the access terminal can be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, and a personal digital processing (personal Digital assistant, PDA), etc., various types of products such as handheld devices, in-vehicle devices, and portable devices having wireless communication functions, terminals in future 5G networks, terminals in future evolved PLMN networks, etc., for example, common to the terminal 30
  • the embodiment should be a smart terminal, including a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a wearable device, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
  • the terminal 30 can support at least one of the above-mentioned various types of wireless communication protocols supported by the access network device 20 to implement communication with the access network device 20.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the hardware structure of the access network device 20 and the terminal 30 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal 30 includes at least one processor 301, at least one memory 302, and at least one transceiver 303.
  • the terminal 30 may further include one or more antennas 31, an output device 304, and an input device 305.
  • the processor 301, the memory 302, and the transceiver 303 are coupled by a connector, and the connector may include various types of interfaces, transmission lines, or buses, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment. In various embodiments of the present application, coupling refers to interconnections in a particular manner, including being directly connected or indirectly connected by other devices.
  • the processor 301 may include at least one type of device: a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, and an application specific integrated circuit ASIC (Application- Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Microcontroller Unit (MCU), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or integrated circuit for implementing logic operations.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC Application- Specific Integrated Circuit
  • MCU Microcontroller Unit
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • the processor 301 can be a single-CPU processor or a multi-core processor.
  • the plurality of processors or units included within processor 301 may be integrated in one chip or on multiple different chips.
  • a communication processor 3010 can be included in the processor 301.
  • the chip in question is a system fabricated on the same semiconductor substrate by an integrated circuit process, also called a semiconductor chip, which may be fabricated on the substrate by an integrated circuit process (usually, for example, silicon one).
  • the integrated circuit may include various functional devices, each of which includes a logic gate circuit, a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistor, a bipolar transistor or a diode, and may also include a capacitor and a resistor. Or other components such as inductors.
  • MOS metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • bipolar transistor or a diode may also include a capacitor and a resistor. Or other components such as inductors.
  • Each functional device can work independently or with the necessary driver software to implement various functions such as communication, computing, or storage.
  • the memory 302 in FIG. 2 may be a non-power-down volatile memory, such as an EMMC (Embedded Multi Media Card), a UFS (Universal Flash Storage), or a Read-Only Memory (Read-Only Memory).
  • EMMC embedded Multi Media Card
  • UFS Universal Flash Storage
  • Read-Only Memory Read-Only Memory
  • ROM Read-Only Memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • CD-ROM Compact Disc Read-Only Memory
  • the memory 302 can be stand-alone and coupled to the processor 301 via a connector.
  • the memory 302 can also be integrated with the processor 301.
  • the memory 302 can store various types of computer program code for executing the program code of the solution of the present application, and is controlled and executed by the processor 301, and various types of computer program codes executed are also executed. It can be considered as a driver for the processor 301.
  • processor 301 is operative to execute computer program code stored in memory 302 to implement the methods in subsequent embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer program code is large in number and can form computer executable instructions executable by at least one of the processors 301 to drive the associated processor to perform various types of processing, such as communication signals supporting the various types of wireless communication protocols described above. Processing algorithms, operating system runs, or application runs.
  • Transceiver 303 can be any device for effecting communication signal transceiving, such as a radio frequency transceiver, which can be specifically coupled to antenna 31.
  • the transceiver 303 includes a transmitter Tx and a receiver Rx.
  • one or more antennas 31 can receive radio frequency signals
  • the receiver Rx of the transceiver 303 is configured to receive the radio frequency signals from an antenna and convert the radio frequency signals into digital baseband signals or digital intermediate frequency signals, and the digital
  • the baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal is provided to a communication processor 3010 included in the processor 301 for the communication processor 3010 to further process the digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal, such as demodulation processing and decoding processing.
  • the transmitter Tx in the transceiver 303 is further configured to receive the modulated digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal from the communication processor 3010, and convert the modulated digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal into a radio frequency signal and pass One or more antennas 31 transmit the radio frequency signals.
  • the receiver Rx may selectively perform one or more stages of downmix processing and analog to digital conversion processing on the radio frequency signal to obtain a digital baseband signal or a digital intermediate frequency signal, the downmix processing and the analog to digital conversion processing. The order is adjustable.
  • the transmitter Tx can selectively perform one or more stages of up-mixing processing and digital-to-analog conversion processing on the modulated digital baseband signal or the digital intermediate frequency signal to obtain a radio frequency signal, the upmixing processing and the digital to analog conversion processing.
  • the order is adjustable.
  • Digital baseband signals and digital intermediate frequency signals can be collectively referred to as digital signals.
  • Output device 304 is in communication with processor 301 and can display information in a variety of ways.
  • the output device 304 can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector.
  • Input device 305 is in communication with processor 301 and can accept user input in a variety of ways.
  • input device 305 can be a mouse, keyboard, touch screen device, or sensing device, and the like.
  • the access network device 20 includes at least one processor 201, at least one memory 202, at least one transceiver 203, one or more antennas 21, and at least one network interface 204.
  • Processor 201, memory 202, transceiver 203, and network interface 204 are coupled by a connector.
  • the network interface 204 is for coupling with the core network device 40 via a communication link, such as an S1 interface.
  • the network interface 204 is connected to the network interface of other access network devices via a wired or wireless link, such as an X2 interface.
  • the connection mode is not specifically shown. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the specific connection mode.
  • the processor 201 may include a communication processor for polariating information or data that needs to be transmitted to the terminal 30 to obtain a polarization code sequence, and modulating the polarization code sequence to generate modulated data for transmission and reception.
  • the transmitter Tx in the 203 is transmitted to the antenna, and details are not described herein.
  • the terminal 30 may also be a user equipment in short-range communication
  • the access network device 20 may be replaced by an access point in short-range communication. Both the access point in short-range communication and the access network device 20 in mobile communication can be considered as different types of peer devices for the terminal 30.
  • the short distance The protocols for communication may include Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), infrared, Near-field Communication (NFC), and the like.
  • the user equipment can be a Wi-Fi user equipment and the access point can be a Wi-Fi router.
  • the embodiment of the present invention may be extended to more communication application scenarios, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the following embodiments mainly use a mobile communication scenario as an example, it is understood that any of the embodiments include polarization compilation.
  • the communication device used by the user in the communication scenario of the code can be regarded as the user device, and the device communicating with the device held by the user can be regarded as the peer device, such as the peer device in the peer-to-peer communication.
  • FIG. 3 a schematic structural diagram of a typical communication processor 3010 in the processor 301 in the terminal 30 in a mobile communication scenario is provided. It will be appreciated that the structure of the communication processor within processor 201 in access network device 20 is similar.
  • the communication processor 3010 can perform a communication algorithm function to perform demodulation and decoding operations on the received digital signal from the transceiver 303 during reception to obtain a desired data result, the data result being to the communication peer The recovery of the transmitted signal.
  • the communication processor 3010 performs a modulation and encoding operation on the data source to obtain a digital signal to be transmitted and provides the digital signal to the transceiver 303, and the related information or data is finally transmitted to the communication peer device.
  • the communication processor 3010 can be a baseband processor.
  • the communication processor 3010 includes a decoding device 3011, a demodulating device 3012, a modulating device 3013, and an encoding device 3014. It can be understood that the encoding device 3014 and the decoding device 3011 perform mutually corresponding encoding and decoding operations. In the present embodiment, the encoding device 3014 and the decoding device 3011 perform encoding and decoding, respectively. Modulation device 3013 and demodulation device 3012 perform mutually corresponding modulation and demodulation operations, including processing of constellation points in communication. The modulation or demodulation may include at least one of quadrature phase shift keying, binary phase shift keying, 16QAM, 64QAM or 256QAM, and the like.
  • the demodulating device 3012 is configured to perform a demodulation operation on the received digital signal, and specifically includes a constellation point mapping operation and a demodulation decision to obtain a demodulation result, that is, a demodulation soft value, where The demodulated soft value of the time is in the form of a sequence of polarization codes since it has not been decoded yet.
  • the decoding device 3011 is configured to perform a decoding process on the polarization code sequence to obtain a decoding result, where the decoding result is a data result processed by the communication processor 3010 for further use by a user or other device, and may include a voice signal, Various types of signals such as data signals, video signals, and control commands.
  • the data source to be transmitted is polarization-encoded by the encoding device 3014 to obtain a polarization code sequence, which is modulated by the modulation device 3013 to obtain a digital signal, so that the transceiver 303 further performs transmission processing.
  • decoding means 3011, demodulation means 3012, modulation means 3013 and encoding means 3014 may be implemented by software, hardware or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the hardware form means that the module is formed by hardware such as an integrated circuit, a logic gate circuit or a transistor.
  • Software form means that the module is a module formed by computer program code or computer executable instructions that can be executed by communication processor 3010.
  • the communication processor 3010 may further include functions required for other communication processing such as communication rate adjustment, signal interleaving, digital gain adjustment, digital frequency modulation, multiple input multiple output (Multi -input Multi-output, MIMO) processing, precoding processing, predistortion processing, communication protocol processing, or power consumption state management and other necessary functions, which will not be further described in this embodiment.
  • functions required for other communication processing such as communication rate adjustment, signal interleaving, digital gain adjustment, digital frequency modulation, multiple input multiple output (Multi -input Multi-output, MIMO) processing, precoding processing, predistortion processing, communication protocol processing, or power consumption state management and other necessary functions, which will not be further described in this embodiment.
  • the terminal 30 and the access network device 20 do not negotiate a polarization code sequence.
  • Encoding parameters such as code length N and information bit length K.
  • the code length N is a fixed value but there are multiple differences The information bit length K value.
  • the code length N is not fixed, ie there are a plurality of different code length N values, and each code length N value may correspond to a plurality of different information bit length K values.
  • the combination of these code length N values and information bit length K values form a plurality of candidate coding parameters that can be used by the access network device 20 for polarization coding.
  • the decoding device 3011 in the terminal 30 is required to blindly detect the received polarization code sequence from the access network device 20 to obtain a decoding result.
  • the blind detection is to perform tentative decoding on the polarization code sequence by using a plurality of possible coding parameters, that is, traversing all possible values of the relevant coding parameters in decoding.
  • the blind detection in such polarization decoding is somewhat similar to the blind detection technique in the long-term evolution. The principle is to traverse all the possible values of a type parameter to detect the data or signal to be detected by each value or Decoding.
  • the polarization code has a nesting characteristic, and the technical solution of the embodiment can therefore simplify the polarization decoding based on the blind detection by using the nesting characteristic.
  • the nested features are briefly described below to facilitate understanding of subsequent embodiments.
  • Information bits are used to convey information, such as business data or control information. Freeze bits are not used to pass information, but are preset to a preset value, such as 0 or 1. As shown in FIG.
  • the two-dimensional variable [N_K] which defines the code length and the information bit length is an encoding parameter.
  • FIG. 4 respectively shows each subchannel under each K value, that is, the polarization state of each bit, and the block identified as "information" is an information bit, and the identifier is dark.
  • a plurality of information bits in the polarization code include a plurality of information bits in the polarization code when K is 12 or 10, and the relationship is a nesting characteristic. That is, a plurality of information bits in a polarization code having a smaller K value are a part of a plurality of information bits in a polarization code having a larger K value.
  • the encoding end and the decoding end can determine which bits of a specific code length are information bits or freeze by the same reliability calculation method. Bit.
  • both the encoding end and the decoding end can respectively determine the information bits and the frozen bits in the polarization code under the code length, wherein the information bits are subchannels or bits with relatively high reliability, and the frozen bits It is a subchannel or bit with relatively low reliability.
  • the plurality of information bits determined when K is a large value are included when K is a small value.
  • a plurality of information bits are determined, and this nesting characteristic is a feature of the polarization code sequence.
  • the polarization code may include other types of bits, such as bits of a particular function that are commonly agreed upon by the terminal and the access network device. Regardless of which bit types are included in the polarization code, for the same code length, the information bits of different lengths obtained by the same reliability calculation method satisfy the nesting characteristics, and the solutions provided by the following embodiments can be applied.
  • FIG. 5 shows that under a reliability calculation method, the code length N is 128, and the information bit length is long.
  • the degree K is a subchannel polarization state of a polarization code sequence of 64.
  • the horizontal axis represents a subchannel or a bit.
  • the vertical axis represents the relative reliability of each subchannel.
  • a bit with high reliability is selected as an information bit, which is represented by "x" in the figure.
  • the frozen bit reliability is relatively low, and is represented by " ⁇ ".
  • FIG. 6 shows the subchannel polarization state of the polarization code sequence with the code length N of 128 and the information bit length K of 96 under the same reliability calculation method. It can be seen from the comparison between FIG. 5 and FIG.
  • the embodiment of the present invention appropriately limits the number of coding parameters used for blind detection in the polarization decoding, that is, simplifies the parameter set including multiple candidate coding parameters. This embodiment reduces the number of information bit lengths for blind detection per code length to reduce the blind detection complexity and to satisfy the decoding accuracy as much as possible.
  • FIG. 7 is a method of polarization decoding according to an embodiment of the present invention, which may be performed by the decoding device 3011 in FIG.
  • the method includes, in S71, acquiring a polarization code sequence.
  • the polarization code sequence may be a demodulation soft value provided by the demodulation device 3012.
  • Decoding device 3011 may specifically receive the sequence of polarized codes provided by demodulation device 3012 via a dedicated software or hardware interface.
  • a plurality of first encoding parameters are determined.
  • the plurality of first encoding parameters are part of a plurality of candidate encoding parameters.
  • the plurality of candidate coding parameters further includes at least one second coding parameter.
  • each of the plurality of candidate coding parameters may include a code length N and an information bit length K.
  • the plurality of candidate coding parameters form a set in which only a plurality of first coding parameters are used for blind detection, and the at least one second coding parameter is excluded for the blind detection, each being excluded
  • the second coding parameter includes an information bit length that is less than the information bit length used to blindly detect one or more first coding parameters. This is done in consideration of the nesting characteristics of the polarization code, so that the coding parameters including the larger information bit length are reserved and used for decoding, so as to reduce the complexity under the condition that the decoding accuracy is satisfied.
  • decoding based on blind detection is performed on the polarization code sequence by using the plurality of first coding parameters to obtain a decoding result. That is to say, the solution of this embodiment simplifies the preset set of coding parameters, and forms a simplified set of information bit lengths, or a set of limited sets.
  • the set of constrictions includes only a plurality of first encoding parameters to reduce the amount of computation when performing blind detection. Regarding how to obtain the set of the constrictions, the first coding parameter including the larger information bit length is reserved, and at least one second coding parameter is excluded, which will be further explained in the following embodiments.
  • the decoding result may be subjected to a descrambling operation to obtain a decoding result specific to the terminal 30.
  • the decoding result is further subjected to a de-cyclic redundancy check.
  • the decoding device 3011 may include an interface circuit 81, a parameter generator 82, and a decoder 83. Any of these three components includes an integrated circuit, for example, including logic gates or transistors. Therefore, the decoding device 3011 of FIG. 8 is a hardware-made circuit structure, such as a chipset composed of a chip or a plurality of chips.
  • the interface circuit 81 can be configured to perform S71, that is, receive the demodulated soft value from the demodulating device 3012, that is, the polarized code sequence obtained after demodulation.
  • the interface circuit 81 transmits the received polarization code sequence to the decoder 83.
  • the parameter generator 82 is then used to execute S72.
  • the decoder 83 is then used to perform processes S73, S74 and S75.
  • the parameter generator 82 is configured to select a plurality of first encoding parameters used for blind detection from a preset plurality of candidate encoding parameters, such that a plurality of first encoding parameters are obtained by selection.
  • Way is The online mode, i.e., the determination of the plurality of first encoding parameters, is performed in decoding.
  • the plurality of candidate coding parameters may be pre-agreed by the wireless communication protocol for the terminal 30 or configured by the access network device 20 for the terminal 30 such that the parameter generator 82 further proceeds from the plurality of candidate coding parameters of the appointment or configuration.
  • a plurality of first encoding parameters are selected, and the manner of obtaining a plurality of first encoding parameters by pre-configuration is an offline mode, that is, the plurality of first encoding parameters have been determined in advance.
  • the wireless communication protocol stipulates a plurality of candidate coding parameters, and the access network device 20 performs coding based on the plurality of candidate coding parameters.
  • the access network device 20 can perform polarization coding on its data source to generate the polarization code sequence.
  • the soft value demodulated by the demodulation device 3012 is the recovered polarization code sequence generated by the access network device 20.
  • the plurality of first encoding parameters used are only a part of a plurality of candidate encoding parameters that the access network device 20 may use in encoding, that is, there is no need to traverse the wireless communication protocol in blind detection.
  • the agreed or access network device 20 is all coding parameters configured for the terminal 30, reducing blind detection complexity.
  • the plurality of first encoding parameters are pre-configured without performing a select operation.
  • the pre-configuration may be preset in the terminal 30 in the form of a software configuration or a hardware configuration used by the access network device 20.
  • the parameter generator 82 can be configured to acquire a plurality of pre-configured first encoding parameters.
  • the parameter generator 82 can be a One Time Programmable (OTP) memory, and the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) of the terminal 30 can be shipped from the terminal 30 before leaving the factory.
  • OTP One Time Programmable
  • OEM original equipment manufacturer
  • the plurality of first encoding parameters are configured in the memory by programming the memory. It will be appreciated that the memory can also be programmed by a chip design vendor or chip vendor to implement the configuration.
  • the parameter generator 82 can be a calculation circuit for generating the plurality of first encoding parameters by pre-configured logic operations, each time the polarization decoding function is activated. Or trigger the parameter generator 82 to perform the calculation.
  • a plurality of first coding parameters are arranged in the terminal 30 in a hard logical manner.
  • the parameter generator 82 can be a parameter reading circuit for reading a plurality of first encoding parameters stored in advance from the memory 302 of the terminal 30 or other storage device. Since a plurality of first encoding parameters are pre-configured in the terminal 30, the selection operation is not required to be performed, and the operation is further simplified.
  • the decoder 83 in FIG. 8 may further include a polarization decoder 831, a selector 832, and a verifier 833.
  • the selector 832 is configured to receive a plurality of first encoding parameters provided by the parameter generator 82 and select the encoding parameters therefrom to provide to the polarization decoder 831.
  • the polarization decoder 831 is for performing the polarization decoding process in S73 to obtain a decoding result.
  • the methods used by the polarization decoder 83 include, but are not limited to, a Successive Cancellation (SC) algorithm, a Successive Cancellation List (SCL) algorithm, or other variants based on either of these algorithms. algorithm.
  • SC Successive Cancellation
  • SCL Successive Cancellation List
  • the verifier 833 further performs S74, that is, performs a cyclic redundancy check on the decoding result. If the decimation is successful, the decoded result is output by the verifier 833. If the de-verification fails, the decoding is unsuccessful, and the verifier 833 feeds back the result of the de-verification failure to the selector 832 so that the selector 832 reselects another encoding parameter and provides the selected new encoding parameter to the polarization.
  • the decoder 831 causes the decoding process to be iterated until the decoding is successful. The process of the above iteration is to continuously perform the process of blind detection using each of the plurality of first coding parameters to complete the decoding based on blind detection.
  • the verifier 833 directly attempts to perform a de-verification operation on the decoding result obtained by the polarization decoder 831 using a plurality of candidate coding parameters.
  • the plurality of first encoding parameters used in polarization decoder 831 are part of a plurality of candidate encoding parameters such that decoding is simplified. Because the polarization decoding takes up most of the operation The amount of calculation, such simplification can achieve significant benefits.
  • the checker 833 performs the de-verification operation, it is still necessary to traverse each of the plurality of candidate coding parameters and perform correction using each candidate coding parameter. The test is successful until the solution is verified. It can be understood that since the calculation amount of the checker 833 is smaller than the polarization decoding, such traversal operation does not greatly improve the calculation amount of the entire scheme, which will be specifically described later.
  • the decoding device 3011 of FIG. 8 can be implemented by software in addition to the above hardware structure.
  • the decoding device 3011 can include a processor 91, a memory 92, and a connector 93.
  • the memory 91 can be the memory 302 of FIG. 2, i.e., the memory 302 of FIG. 2 at this time can be placed in the decoding device 3011 in the processor 301.
  • the memory 91 can also be other memories.
  • the memory 92 can be used to store computer executable instructions
  • the processor 91 is coupled to the memory 92 via the connector 93, and the processor 91 executes the computer executable instructions stored in the memory 92 to perform the previous embodiment.
  • the resulting polarization decoding process may either drive or enable the decoding device 3011 to perform the decoding.
  • the connector 93 may include various types of interfaces, transmission lines, buses, and the like, which are not limited in this embodiment.
  • the decoding device 3011 can be implemented in a combination of software and hardware, in addition to software implementation or hardware implementation.
  • one or more of the various components corresponding to FIG. 8 may be implemented by a processor executing computer-executable instructions instead.
  • the above-mentioned computer executable instructions for driving or enabling the decoding device 3011 or wherein the processor performs the polarization decoding process can be regarded as a software product, that is, a computer program product, and can It is stored in any form of computer readable storage medium, and reference may be made to the previous description of the memory 302.
  • the software product formed by the computer executable instructions may include an execution unit for performing each of the steps in FIG.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a device 100 for polarization decoding, comprising: an obtaining module 101, a determining module 102, and a decoding unit 103.
  • the decoding unit 103 may further include a decoding module 1031 and a verification module 1032.
  • the obtaining module 101 is configured to execute S71
  • the determining module 102 is configured to execute S72.
  • the decoding module 1031 is configured to execute S73 to generate a decoding result
  • the verification module 1032 is configured to perform a de-cyclic redundancy check operation in S75 to verify the decoding result.
  • Each unit or module in the device 100 can be implemented in the form of software or hardware, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the communication information received or processed may include information of other terminals, for example, after demodulation by the demodulating device 3012, the obtained demodulated soft value exists in the form of a polarization code sequence, the polarization code
  • the sequence may include a plurality of candidate polarization code sequences, and the decoding device 3011 may perform decoding based on the blind detection on the plurality of candidate polarization code sequences in a parallel or serial manner, respectively.
  • the plurality of candidate polarization code sequences may not all be for one or more candidate polarizations of the plurality of candidate polarization code sequences for the currently executing the decoding device 3011 or its terminal 30.
  • the code sequence belongs to terminal 30, and other candidate polarization code sequences belong to other terminals.
  • the access network device 20 transmits a data stream, where the data stream includes data of a plurality of terminals, and the data is data or information in a broad sense, and may include service data or control information.
  • the data stream can be received by a plurality of terminals, and the data stream is demodulated by the demodulation device to generate soft values in the form of a plurality of candidate polarization code sequences.
  • the decoding device of each terminal needs to further identify the candidate polarization code sequence belonging to itself from the decoding results of the plurality of candidate polarization code sequences. The decoding result.
  • the access network device 20 will use the identity of each terminal to scramble the data belonging to the terminal when performing encoding.
  • the identity can be a wireless network temporary identity for each terminal.
  • the decoded data that can be successfully descrambled by the wireless network of the terminal 30 can belong to the terminal 30.
  • the decoding unit 103 of FIG. 10 can further include a descrambling module 1033 that performs the descrambling operation function.
  • a descrambling module 1033 that performs the descrambling operation function.
  • FIG. 12A which is different from FIG. 8 in that the checker 833 in FIG. 12A also performs the descrambling operation before.
  • a descrambler 834 is used to perform step S74 of the method of FIG.
  • the descrambler 834 descrambles the decoded result to obtain a descrambled result 8340.
  • the result 8340 is specific to the terminal 30 where the decoding device 3011 is located instead of belonging to other terminals, and the result may include descrambling.
  • the decoding result of the successful or descrambling failure once the descrambling is successful, the successfully decoded descrambled decoding result 8340 is further sent to the verifier 833 to perform the de-checking in S75 to determine whether the de-verification passes.
  • the decoding device 3011 still needs to perform blind detection based translation on multiple candidate polarization code sequences. Code and descrambling operations. Regardless of whether the decoding device 3011 is implemented in the form of software, hardware or a combination of software and hardware, the processing of a plurality of candidate polarization code sequences can be implemented in both parallel and serial manners, which will be described below.
  • the decoding device 3011 as shown in FIG. 12A can receive a plurality of candidate polarization code sequences through the interface circuit and perform serial polarization decoding in the polarization decoder 831.
  • the decoding result of the plurality of candidate polarization code sequences is obtained, and the verifier 833 can descramble the decoding result using the wireless network temporary identifier of the terminal 30 in which it is located.
  • the decoding result may include a coding sequence corresponding to a plurality of candidate polarization code sequences. Only a part of the decoding sequence belongs to the terminal 30, that is, it can be successfully descrambled.
  • One or more decoding sequences that failed the descrambling may be discarded.
  • One or more decoding sequences that are successfully descrambled are included in the descrambling result 8340, and are regarded as data or information belonging to the terminal 30, and are subjected to a de-cyclical redundancy check to determine whether the de-verification is successful.
  • the solution verification is successful, the one or more decoding sequences that are successfully descrambled are output as a result. This result is considered to be the recovery of the original data transmitted to the communication peer, such as the access network device 20.
  • the decoding device 3011 as shown in FIG. 12B may include a plurality of decoders, such as a translation, in addition to the interface circuit 81 and the parameter generator 82 shown in FIG. 12A.
  • the interface circuit 81 may respectively allocate a plurality of candidate polarization code sequences A, B, ..., to X to the corresponding decoder to perform decoding, so that multiple decodings are performed.
  • the device synchronizes parallel execution processing. It will be appreciated that the decoding apparatus of Figure 12B possesses a faster decoding speed relative to the decoding apparatus of Figure 12A due to the parallel decoding approach.
  • the serial decoding method of FIG. 12A is adopted, that is, sequential decoding is performed on a plurality of candidate polarization code sequences by using only one set of decoding hardware resources, which can effectively reduce the consumption of hardware resources in decoding, and Helps reduce operating power consumption.
  • the parameter generator 82 is shared by multiple decoders. It can be understood that each of the decoders in FIG. 12B can also have a respective parameter generator, that is, each of the decoders includes a parameter generator (not shown in this embodiment), this embodiment There is no limit to this.
  • the decoding device 3011 exists in hardware. If the decoding device 3011 is implemented in software, there may be a serial decoding and a parallel decoding method as described above.
  • the parallel decoding method it is equivalent to synchronously executing processing for a plurality of candidate polarization code sequences by a plurality of software operation flows similar to the processor 91 in FIG. 9, and the amount of software code executed at the same time is large to improve calculating speed.
  • the serial decoding method can save software resource consumption, and only starting a software operation flow is beneficial to reduce the power consumption of the processor 91.
  • the above embodiments introduce a device for polarization decoding and a method for performing the same.
  • the following is a description of how the plurality of first coding parameters used for blind detection in the polarization decoding according to the embodiment of the present invention are obtained.
  • the plurality of first coding parameters are part of the set including the plurality of candidate coding parameters, and not all of them, which is equivalent to performing a limited reduction on the plurality of candidate coding parameters to obtain a smaller number of the A plurality of first encoding parameters.
  • the limited first coding parameters are selected in the decoding device 3011 or pre-configured in the decoding device 3011, the nested characteristics mentioned above are fully considered, thereby being acceptable. Reduce the complexity under the premise of degraded decoding performance.
  • K2, K3 ⁇ ⁇ 17, 12, 10 ⁇ , so the multiple candidate coding parameters are [32_17], [32_12], and [32_10], respectively.
  • the first encoding parameter [N_K] generated by the parameter generator 82 is [32_17], thereby omitting the other two second encoding parameters [32_12] and [32_10], that is, the two encoding parameters are excluded.
  • the blind detection is performed to achieve a reduction of a plurality of candidate coding parameters.
  • the two first encoding parameters [N_K] generated by the parameter generator 82 may be [32_17] and [32_12], thereby omitting one second encoding parameter [32_10]. Therefore, the first two encoding parameters having the largest information bit length are selected from the plurality of candidate parameters [32_17], [32_12], and [32_10], and the encoding parameters having the smallest information bit length are omitted. Therefore, for a plurality of candidate coding parameters having the same code length, each candidate coding parameter has a respective candidate information bit length, and the largest one or more candidate information bit lengths are selected.
  • K-m data bits are subjected to cyclic redundancy check (K, m) operations as original data, and the resulting K bits include the K-m data bits and m redundant bits.
  • K bits are treated as information bits.
  • m redundant bits are only used to implement cyclic redundancy check, and do not carry specific information.
  • the other K-m data bits are information that the access network device 20 needs to transmit to the terminal 30, and may include service data or control information and the like.
  • a polarization coding (N, K) operation is performed in the coding apparatus of the access network device 20, in which K code bits and N-K freeze bits are used to generate N bits of polarization code sequences.
  • the first encoding parameter [N_K] that can be used in the decoding operation is [32_17], or [32_17] and [32_12]. That is, the decoding device 3011 in the terminal 30 performs decoding based on blind detection using a larger K value of 17 or 12 to obtain a decoding result.
  • the decoding device 3011 When the decoding result needs to be solved for cyclic redundancy check, it is still necessary to traverse the three candidate coding parameters [32_17], [32_12] and [32_10]. Since the K used in the encoding is 10, the encoding parameter [32_17], [32_12] will fail to perform the de-checking, and only the encoding parameter [32_10] will be used to verify the verification. As has been mentioned in the previous embodiment, since the verifier 833 in the decoding device 3011 is smaller in operation than the polarization decoder 831, such traversal does not cause a large increase in computational complexity. The simplification of the operation of the embodiment of the present invention is mainly achieved by simplifying the polarization decoding.
  • each of the one or more information bit lengths finally used for blind detection is larger than the information bit length excluded for blind detection, thereby fully utilizing the polarization code.
  • a person skilled in the art can simulate the specific application scenario to obtain simulation data in the design process, and analyze the simulation data to determine whether the above solution is feasible in a specific application scenario. For example, after the decoding result is obtained by using the method, it can be further measured whether the decoding result meets the accuracy requirement of the wireless communication. Specifically, the probability of the correct or wrong decoding result can be detected by a simulation test, such as the bit error rate, to measure whether the accuracy requirement is met.
  • a simulation test such as the bit error rate
  • the polarization coding and polarization coding techniques may be applied to various data streams in wireless communication, which may include traffic data or control information. That is to say, the related art is applicable to various data channels, control channels, pilot channels, and the like.
  • the polarization code technique is applied to a control channel for wireless communication, such as a 5G control channel. It is feasible for those skilled in the art to analyze the use of the above method on the control channel based on the simulation data. For example, the analysis may be performed according to the false alarm rate or the missed detection rate of the decoding result. If the false alarm rate or the missed detection rate can reach the preset requirement limit, the above amplification method is considered to be applicable to a specific application scenario.
  • the false alarm rate is a probability that the terminal erroneously detects the control information that does not belong to itself in the control channel.
  • the missed detection rate is a probability that the terminal does not successfully detect the control information belonging to itself in the control channel.
  • mode A only one maximum information bit length is used for blind detection, that is, for a plurality of candidate coding parameters having the same code length, only one coding parameter is selected, and the decoding is complicated. Degree is reduced as much as possible.
  • mode B more than one information bit length is used for blind detection, ie there are multiple first coding parameters for blind detection, which may slightly improve decoding accuracy.
  • One or more for blind detection The number of information bit lengths can be flexibly adjusted according to actual design requirements to achieve a compromise between decoding complexity and accuracy.
  • N is selected as a different value, N exists in multiple May take a value.
  • Each code length N corresponds to a plurality of different information bit lengths K.
  • the above method may be used, that is, determining one or more first information bit lengths for decoding for each code length N, and excluding one or more Two information bit lengths, thereby reducing the blind detection complexity in decoding.
  • FIG. 11 it is a schematic diagram of a scheme for limiting the number of coding parameters used for decoding.
  • the plurality of first information bit lengths belong to a type of information bit length used for decoding, and the values of the plurality of first information bit lengths are different from each other.
  • the plurality of second information bit lengths belong to the excluded type of information bit length, and the values of the plurality of second information bit lengths are different from each other.
  • a plurality of candidate coding parameters [N K] are shown on the left side of FIG. 11 , which are [128 47], [128 49], [128 59], [128 62], [256 60], [256 62], [256 64], [256 73], [512 79], [512 80], [512 81], [512 83], [1024 90], and [1024 100], where the code length N can be 128, 256, 512 And 1024. At each N length, K has multiple possible values.
  • a plurality of first encoding parameters used for polarization coding may be determined, the number of which is less than the number of candidate coding parameters. specifically.
  • N 128, the two maximum values 59 and 62 of K are reserved, while the two smaller values 47 and 49 of K are excluded.
  • the number of retained K values may be different, and those skilled in the art may perform the selection according to actual performance requirements, and specifically, the previously mentioned simulation method may also be applied to determine a suitable first coding parameter.
  • multiple candidate coding parameters may be grouped and further limited.
  • the preset information bit length set M may be further divided into a plurality of groups, for example, the first group includes ⁇ 19, 17, 13 ⁇ , and the second group includes ⁇ 9, 7, 5 ⁇ .
  • the remaining information bit lengths K are 19, 9, and 7, that is, the remaining coding parameters for performing blind detection are [32_19], [32_9], and [32_7]. Whether the coding parameters determined by the simulation satisfies the performance requirements of the wireless communication system, thereby determining whether to use the correlation scheme in the polarization decoding.
  • the first group is also Including ⁇ 19, 17 ⁇
  • the second group can also include ⁇ 13, 9, 7, 5 ⁇ .
  • the first group may also include ⁇ 19, 17, 13, 9 ⁇
  • the preset information bit length set M includes a plurality of groups
  • at least one of the plurality of groups may be divided to include at least one third information bit length and at least one fourth information bit length, Each of the at least one third information bit length is greater than the at least one fourth information bit length;
  • the at least one first information bit length ultimately used in blind detection includes at least one of the each of the groups Three information bit lengths;
  • the at least one second information bit length that is ultimately excluded for blind detection includes at least one fourth information bit length in each of the groups.
  • the plurality of third information bit lengths in one group belong to a type of information bit length used for decoding in the group, and the values of the plurality of third information bit lengths are different from each other.
  • the plurality of fourth information bit lengths in the group belong to the excluded information bit length, and the values of the plurality of fourth information bit lengths are different from each other.
  • the plurality of first coding parameters used for blind detection include at least one third coding parameter, and the at least one second coding for the blind detection is excluded.
  • the parameter includes at least one fourth encoding parameter.
  • the at least one third encoding parameter and the at least one fourth encoding parameter belong to a set of encoding parameters and each include the same first code length. Since the at least one fourth coding parameter is excluded from the plurality of candidate coding parameters and is not used for blind detection, the coding parameter set is limited.
  • a method of directly limiting a plurality of candidate coding parameters may be regarded as a first limiting mode, and a method of grouping and further limiting a plurality of candidate coding parameters is regarded as a second limiting mode.
  • the at least one third coding parameter obtained after the constriction includes having the largest one or more first information bit lengths.
  • One or more candidate coding parameters That is to say, for each code length, any second information bit length that is excluded is not the largest of the preset information bit length sets.
  • each third encoding parameter includes a first information bit length greater than at least one second information bit length included in the at least one fourth encoding parameter.
  • the at least one third coding parameter is one or more candidate coding parameters having a maximum one or more first information bit lengths.
  • the one or more encoding parameters having the largest information bit length may be selected among the plurality of candidate encoding parameters to exclude the at least one second encoding parameter having a smaller information bit length, and obtained After the limited encoding parameter set, only a plurality of first encoding parameters included in the limited set are used for blind detection.
  • some or all of the plurality of groups may include at least one fifth encoding parameter and at least one sixth encoding parameter, and the at least one fifth encoding parameter includes at least one Each of the three information bit lengths is greater than the at least one fourth information bit length included in the at least one sixth encoding parameter; the at least one third encoding parameter for blind detection includes the at least one fifth encoding parameter The at least one fourth encoding parameter excluded for blind detection includes the at least one sixth encoding parameter.
  • the multiple candidate coding parameters are grouped in the design by the work experience or simulation of a person skilled in the art, and the selection or limitation of the coding parameters may be performed on at least one group, and part of the coding parameters are effectively excluded. Achieve better results.
  • FIG. 14 shows another schematic diagram of a scheme for limiting the number of coding parameters used for decoding.
  • a plurality of candidate coding parameters are shown on the left side of FIG. 14 as [128 47], [128 49], [128 59], [128 62], [128 64], [128 67], [256 60], [256 62], [256 64], [256 73], [256 75], [512 79], [512 80], [512 81], [512 83], [1024 90], [1024 100] and [1024 105].
  • the code length N may be 128, 256, 512, and 1024, and respectively correspond to different information bit lengths K.
  • each code length N value is exemplarily corresponding.
  • Multiple K values are divided into two groups. It can be understood that in other division manners, the number of groups may also be three or more.
  • Fig. 14 for each code length N, two packets of its information bit length K are respectively limited, for example, one or more K values of the maximum value are selected in each group.
  • the length of each information bit corresponding to the length of the code is selectively limited, thereby eliminating the information bit length that is not used for blind detection, and obtaining the coding parameters after the limitation, which is shown on the right side of FIG.
  • the coding parameters used for blind detection after the limitation are specifically [128 59], [128 62], [128 67], [256 62], [256 73], [256 75], [512 80 ], [512 81], [512 83], [1024 100], and [1024 105].
  • the obtained coding parameters after the limitation include one or more candidate codes having the largest one or more information bit lengths.
  • the parameter, ie, one or more candidate coding parameters that are excluded, does not include at least one of the largest information bit lengths.
  • the information bit length of each of the obtained first coding parameters is greater than the information bit length of any of the second coding parameters excluded for blind detection. Therefore, for a code length N, the first information bit length reserved for blind detection includes a maximum information bit length and other possible multiple information bit lengths, The excluded second information bit length is then less than the maximum information bit length. This process is equivalent to simplifying the collection of the original set including multiple candidate coding parameters.
  • the information bit lengths in the plurality of first coding parameters in the simplified set are different.
  • the multiple candidate coding parameters may have only one code length, and the terminal 30 at this time performs blind detection by using different information bit lengths under the fixed code length.
  • the terminal 30 can obtain the configured code length from the access network device 20, that is, the access network device 20 can notify the terminal 30 of the code length used for encoding by using different code lengths. The information bit length performs blind detection.
  • the communication system performs better because the code length N is not fixed.
  • the plurality of code lengths may be pre-configured in the terminal 30 based on a wireless communication protocol or configured by the access network device 20 for the terminal 30. At this time, the terminal 30 needs to perform blind detection for a plurality of code lengths and different information bit lengths corresponding to each code length.
  • the preset information bit length set in the foregoing embodiment is further configured in the terminal 30 according to a wireless communication protocol or configured by the access network device 20 for the terminal 30.
  • both the terminal 30 and the access network device 20 can grasp the multiple different code lengths required for blind detection and the multiple candidate information bit lengths corresponding to each code length, that is, the A set of preset information bit lengths.
  • the access network device 20 and the terminal 30 respectively use different coding parameters, that is, the access network device 20 can perform polarization coding according to the convention of the wireless communication protocol or according to its own configuration, and the terminal 30 follows the The scheme mentioned in the above embodiment uses polarization-encoded coding parameters for polarization decoding to reduce complexity.
  • the above polarization coding scheme can be applied to the coding of a 5G control channel, for example, in a control channel of Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB).
  • eMBB Enhanced Mobile Broadband
  • FIG. 13 a schematic diagram of a wireless code communication process based on a polarization code is given.
  • the access network device 20 performs polarization coding on the control information as the data source to generate a polarization code sequence, and may use any code length and multiple candidate information bit lengths in the preset information bit length set in the encoding. Any of these, that is, multiple candidate coding parameters are used in polarization coding.
  • the encoded control information is eMBB control information.
  • the access network device 20 selects one parameter from the ensemble for encoding by using a plurality of candidate coding parameters as a complete set.
  • the data source may also include other communication information such as data sent by the access network device 20 to the terminal 30, or pilot information.
  • the access network device 20 transmits the polarization-encoded control information, that is, the polarization code sequence formed by polarization coding, to the terminal 30 on the control channel.
  • the terminal 30 performs polarization decoding based on blind detection on the received polarization code sequence by using a plurality of coding parameters obtained by limiting the nesting characteristics. Therefore, in the blind detection of the terminal 30, the number of the at least one first information bit length corresponding to any code length is less than the number of the plurality of candidate information bit lengths used by the access network device 20, that is, used during decoding.
  • the number of coding parameters limited is smaller than the number of candidate coding parameters at the time of encoding, and the relative decoding complexity is reduced.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is mainly a scheme for simplifying the complexity of the blind detection, and the terminal is taken as an example for illustration. It can be understood that other wireless communication scenarios that require blind detection can also use this scheme.
  • the solution of the related solution may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • the computer program product includes a plurality of computer executable instructions and is executed by a processor, such as reference to FIG.
  • the computer program product can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as memory 302 in FIG.
  • the computer readable storage medium may be various forms of non-power-down volatile memory, power-down volatile memory, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, optical disk, magnetic disk, or a server having a storage function. .
  • the cell division in FIG. 10 is only a logical function division, and may be further divided in actual implementation.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system.
  • the coupling of the various units to one another may be through some interfaces, which are typically electrical communication interfaces, but may not exclude mechanical interfaces or other form interfaces.
  • the units illustrated as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and may be located in one location or in different locations on one or different devices.
  • the polarization decoder 831 and the checker 833 in FIG. 8, FIG. 12A or FIG. 12B may be integrated in one circuit, module, or software unit.

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Abstract

一种极化译码的方法与装置，该方法包括：获取极化码序列；确定与所述极化码序列的码长度对应的至少一个第一信息比特长度；利用所述码长度和所述至少一个第一信息比特长度对所述极化码序列执行基于盲检测的译码。其中，所述至少一个第一信息比特长度是与所述码长度对应的预设信息比特长度集合中的一部分，所述预设信息比特长度集合中的其余部分是至少一个第二信息比特长度，所述至少一个第二信息比特长度被排除用于所述盲检测，且每个第二信息比特长度小于所述至少一个第一信息比特长度中的一个或多个信息比特长度。通过在极化译码中应用本方案，基于盲检测的极化译码复杂度被降低。

Description

极化译码的方法与装置 技术领域
本申请涉及极化码技术领域，尤其涉及极化译码的方法与装置。
背景技术
通信系统通常采用信道编码提高数据传输的可靠性，保证通信的质量。极化(Polar)码是在理论上被证明可以逼近香农容量，且具有简单的译码方法。极化码是一种线性块码，其生成矩阵为GN，极化编码得到的极化码序列为
Figure PCTCN2017099202-appb-000001
其中，
Figure PCTCN2017099202-appb-000002
是一个二进制的行矢量，
Figure PCTCN2017099202-appb-000003
码长度N＝2n，其中，n为正整数。
Figure PCTCN2017099202-appb-000004
是F2的克罗内克乘积，定义为
Figure PCTCN2017099202-appb-000005
极化编码的过程中，
Figure PCTCN2017099202-appb-000006
中的一部分比特用来携带信息，称为信息比特，这些信息比特的序号的集合记作A。另外的一部分比特被预置为编码端和译码端均预先约定的固定值，称之为冻结(Frozen)比特，其序号的集合是A的补集或补集的一部分。不失一般性，这些冻结比特通常被设为0。实际上，只需要编码端和译码端预先约定，冻结比特序列也可以被设置为其他固定值，如1。从而，编码后的信息比特序列可通过如下方法得到：
Figure PCTCN2017099202-appb-000007
这里
Figure PCTCN2017099202-appb-000008
为
Figure PCTCN2017099202-appb-000009
中的信息比特集合，
Figure PCTCN2017099202-appb-000010
为长度K的行矢量，即
Figure PCTCN2017099202-appb-000011
表示集合A中元素的数目为K，
Figure PCTCN2017099202-appb-000012
是矩阵GN中由集合A中的索引对应的那些行得到的子矩阵。
Figure PCTCN2017099202-appb-000013
是一个K×N的矩阵。码长度N和信息比特长度K通常被称为编码参数。对于译码端而言，该编码参数也可以叫译码参数。
在译码端进行译码时，为了节省编码端和译码端之间传输信令的开销，译码端可能无法从编码端明确获知编码端使用的编码参数，即不知道编码端使用的码长度N和信息比特长度K。此时的N值和K值具有很多可能性，因此译码端需要依次使用不同的N值和K值的组合尝试对极化码序列进行译码，这种过程可以叫做盲检测或盲译码。这种过程类似于长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)中PDCCH(Physical Downlink Control Channel，物理下行控制信道)的盲检测。在极化译码的盲检测中，通过依次遍历N的所有可能取值和K的所有可能取值形成的不同组合进行译码。然而现有的极化译码方法的盲检测次数过多，译码运算量大导致复杂度高。
发明内容
本申请的实施例提供极化译码的方法与装置，用于降低极化译码复杂度。为达到相关目的，本申请的实施例采用如下技术方案。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种极化译码的方法，包括：获取极化码序列；确定与所述极化码序列的码长度对应的至少一个第一信息比特长度；利用所述码长度和所述至少一个第一信息比特长度对所述极化码序列执行基于盲检测的译码；其中， 所述至少一个第一信息比特长度是与所述码长度对应的预设信息比特长度集合中的一部分，所述预设信息比特长度集合中的其余部分是至少一个第二信息比特长度，所述至少一个第二信息比特长度被排除用于所述盲检测。每个第二信息比特长度小于所述至少一个第一信息比特长度中的一个或多个信息比特长度。在本方案中，极化码序列具有特定的码长度，盲检测使用的至少一个第一信息比特长度是与所述码长度对应的预设信息比特长度集合中的一部分、而非全部，从而在所述盲检测中排除使用至少一个第二信息比特长度，使得盲检测中尝试使用的信息比特长度的数量有所减少。由于极化码特有的嵌套(nested)特性，以上方案在尽可能满足译码准确度的条件下降低盲检测复杂度。
可选地，所述至少一个第一信息比特长度是相对于预设信息比特长度集合简化的信息比特长度集合。
在一种可能的实现方案中，所述至少一个第一信息比特长度中的每个均大于所述至少一个第二信息比特长度。或者，所述至少一个第一信息比特长度为所述预设信息比特长度集合中的多个候选信息比特长度中最大的一个或多个。在本方案中，如果仅有一个最大的信息比特长度被用于盲检测，译码复杂度被尽可能的降低。如果有更多的信息比特长度被用于盲检测，则可能略微提高译码准确度。用于盲检测的所述至少一个第一信息比特长度的数量可以被灵活调整，以实现译码复杂度和准确度的折中。
在另一种可能的实现方案中，所述预设信息比特长度集合包括多个组，所述多个组中的至少一个组包括至少一个第三信息比特长度和至少一个第四信息比特长度，所述至少一个第三信息比特长度中的每个均大于所述至少一个第四信息比特长度；所述至少一个第一信息比特长度包括所述至少一个第三信息比特长度；所述至少一个第二信息比特长度包括所述至少一个第四信息比特长度。在本方案中，由所述多个候选信息比特长度形成的预设信息比特长度集合可以被分为多个组，其中的一个或多个组中均可以包括被排除用于所述盲检测的至少一个第四信息比特长度，可以降低译码复杂度。可选地，所述多个组可以是本领域技术人员依照经验划分或在设计过程中依照仿真数据划分，以便从任一组内选取一个或多个用于盲检测的第三信息比特长度，并排除第四信息比特长度于盲检测之外，达到性能上的优化。
在一种可能的实现方案中，所述确定与所述极化码序列的码长度对应的至少一个第一信息比特长度包括：从所述预设信息比特长度集中的多个候选信息比特长度中选择所述至少一个第一信息比特长度。
在另一种可能的实现方案中，所述至少一个第一信息比特长度是在执行所述方法的装置中预配置的。在本方案中，无需执行选择的过程，而是直接通过预配置得到盲检测所使用的至少一个第一信息比特长度，降低了译码操作的复杂度。所述预配置可以是以软件配置或硬件配置的形式预设在所述装置中。每当所述装置需要针对所述码长度执行盲检测，则通过所述软件配置或硬件配置确定与所述码长度对应的至少一个第一信息比特长度。
在一种可能的实现方案中，所述码长度包括多个码长度；所述确定与所述极化码序列的码长度对应的至少一个第一信息比特长度包括：分别确定与所述多个码长度中每个码长度对应的至少一个第一信息比特长度；所述利用所述码长度和所述至少一个 第一信息比特长度对所述极化码序列执行基于所述盲检测的译码包括：分别利用每个码长度和所述与所述每个码长度对应的至少一个第一信息比特长度对所述极化码序列执行基于所述盲检测的译码。在实际应用中，也可能有多个码长度，因此需要针对多个不同的码长度和每个码长度对应的多个信息比特长度进行所述盲检测。当码长度的数量越大，编码参数的数量将越大，此时采用本方案的方法将越有利于降低译码复杂度。
进一步地，所述多个码长度可以是基于无线通信协议在执行所述方法的装置中预先配置的或由对端设备为所述装置配置。通过以上方案，网络节点和所述装置均可以掌握盲检测中所需的所述多个不同的码长度，所述装置在自身执行盲检测的时候可以采用以上方法降低译码复杂度。
在一种可能的实现方案中，所述预设信息比特长度集合是基于无线通信协议在执行所述方法的装置中预先配置的或由对端设备为所述装置配置。通过以上方案，网络节点和所述装置均可以掌握对应每个码长度的所述多个候选信息比特长度，所述装置在自身执行盲检测的时候可以采用以上方法降低译码复杂度。
在一种可能的实现方案中，所述极化码序列由对端设备对数据源做极化编码生成，且所述预设信息比特长度集合在所述极化编码中被使用。在本方案中，由于执行所述译码方法的装置使用的所述至少一个第一信息比特长度数量少于执行编码的对端设备所使用的多个候选信息比特长度，可以相对地降低译码复杂度。
在一种可能的实现方案中，所述极化码序列包括多个候选极化码序列；所述利用所述码长度和所述至少一个第一信息比特长度对所述极化码序列执行基于所述盲检测的译码包括：利用所述码长度和所述至少一个信息比特长度，以串行或并行的方式分别对所述多个候选极化码序列执行基于所述盲检测的译码。可选地，通过并行方式对多个候选极化码序列执行基于所述盲检测的译码，能够有效提高译码速度。可替换地，通过串行方式对多个候选极化码序列执行基于所述盲检测的译码，能够有效降低对译码中软件或硬件资源的消耗。
可选地，所述多个候选极化码序列可能并不都是针对当前执行所述译码方法的装置的，所述装置需要对所述多个候选极化码序列均执行基于盲检测的译码以得到所述装置需要的译码结果。示例性地，每个候选极化码序列是由解调装置解调输出的结果，即解调软值。所述解调装置可以执行以下至少一项解调：正交相移键控(Quadrature Phase Shift Keying，QPSK)、二进制相移键控(Binary Phase Shift Keying，BPSK)、16正交幅度调制(Quadrature Amplitude Modulation，QAM)、64QAM或256QAM以得到所述解调软值。
进一步地，所述多个候选极化码序列中的至少一个候选极化码序列是由执行所述方法的装置对应的标识所加扰；所述方法还包括：使用所述标识对所述多个候选极化码序列对应的译码结果分别进行解扰，以识别属于所述装置的所述至少一个候选极化码序列所对应的译码结果。可选地，所述标识为无线网络临时标识(Radio Network Tempory Identity，RNTI)。例如，所述无线网络临时标识是所述装置所在的用户设备的标识。
可选地，所述方法可进一步包括：用于验证所述译码结果的解循环冗余校验 (Cyclic Redundancy Check，CRC)。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种极化译码的方法，包括：获取极化序列；确定多个第一编码参数；利用所述多个第一编码参数对所述极化码序列执行基于盲检测的译码；其中，所述多个第一编码参数是多个候选编码参数的一部分，每个候选编码参数包括码长度和信息比特长度，所述多个候选编码参数还包括至少一个第二编码参数，所述至少一个第二编码参数被排除用于所述盲检测，所述多个第一编码参数包括至少一个第三编码参数，所述至少一个第二编码参数包括至少一个第四编码参数，所述至少一个第三编码参数和所述至少一个第四编码参数属于编码参数集合且均包括相同的第一码长度。每个第四编码参数包括的第二信息比特长度小于至少一个第三编码参数包括的至少一个第一信息比特长度中的一个或多个信息比特长度。与第一方面类似，本方案利用极化码特有的嵌套特性，将所述至少一个第二编码参数排除用于所述盲检测，在尽可能满足译码准确度的条件下降低复杂度。
在一种可能的实现方案中，每个第三编码参数包括的第一信息比特长度均大于至少一个第四编码参数包括的至少一个第二信息比特长度。或者，在包括第一码长度的全部候选编码参数中，所述至少一个第三编码参数具有最大的至少一个第一信息比特长度。
在另一种可能的实现方案中，所述编码参数集合包括多个组，所述多个组中的至少一个组包括至少一个第五编码参数和至少一个第六编码参数，所述至少一个第五编码参数包括的至少一个第三信息比特长度中的每个均大于所述至少一个第六编码参数包括的至少一个第四信息比特长度；所述至少一个第三编码参数包括所述至少一个第五编码参数；所述至少一个第四编码参数包括所述至少一个第六编码参数。由于所述编码参数集合包括多个组，其中的一个或多个组中均可以包括被排除用于所述盲检测的编码参数，可以降低译码复杂度。可选地，所述多个组可以是本领域技术人员依照经验划分或在设计过程中依照仿真数据划分。
在一种可能的实现方案中，所述确定多个第一编码参数包括：从所述多个候选编码参数中选择多个第一编码参数。
在另一种可能的实现方案中，所述多个第一编码参数是在执行所述方法的装置中预配置的。所述预配置可以是以软件配置或硬件配置的形式预设在所述装置中。每当所述装置需要执行盲检测，则通过所述软件配置或硬件配置确定所述多个第一编码参数。
在一种可能的实现方案中，所述多个候选编码参数是基于无线通信协议在执行所述方法的装置中预先配置的或由对端设备为所述装置配置。
在一种可能的实现方案中，所述极化码序列由对端设备对数据源做极化编码生成，且所述多个候选编码参数在所述极化编码中被使用。
在一种可能的实现方案中，所述极化码序列包括多个候选极化码序列；所述利用所述多个第一编码参数对所述极化码序列执行基于盲检测的译码包括：利用所述多个第一编码参数，以串行或并行的方式分别对所述多个候选极化码序列执行基于所述盲检测的译码。
可选地，所述多个候选极化码序列可能并不都是针对当前执行所述译码方法的装 置的，所述装置需要对所述多个候选极化码序列均执行基于盲检测的译码以得到所述装置需要的译码结果。示例性地，每个候选极化码序列是一个来自解调装置的解调软值。例如，所述解调装置可以执行以下至少一项解调：正交相移键控、二进制相移键控、16QAM、64QAM或256QAM。
进一步地，所述多个候选极化码序列中的至少一个候选极化码序列是由执行所述方法的装置对应的标识所加扰；所述方法还包括：使用所述标识对所述多个候选极化码序列对应的译码结果分别进行解扰，以识别属于所述装置的所述至少一个候选极化码序列对应的译码结果。可选地，所述标识为无线网络临时标识。例如，所述无线网络临时标识是所述装置所在的用户设备的标识。
可选地，所述方法可进一步包括：用于验证所述译码结果的解循环冗余校验。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种极化译码的装置，包括：处理器、存储器和连接器；该存储器用于存储计算机可执行指令，该处理器与该存储器通过该连接器耦合，该处理器执行该存储器中存储的该计算机可执行指令，以执行或驱动或使能该装置执行如上述第一方面、第二方面或其任一可能的实现方案中的方法。可选地，所述连接器包括接口、传输线或总线中至少一项。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种极化译码的装置，包括：获取模块、确定模块和译码模块，这三个单元分别用于执行如上述第一方面、第二方面或其任一可能的实现方案中涉及的方法中的各个步骤。
对于第四方面，可选地，所述装置还包括：校验模块。所述译码模块用于产生译码结果，所述校验模块用于验证所述译码结果。进一步地，所述装置还包括解扰模块。所述多个候选极化码序列中的至少一个候选极化码序列是由所述装置对应的标识所加扰。所述解扰模块用于使用所述标识对所述多个候选极化码序列对应的译码结果分别进行解扰，以识别属于所述装置的所述至少一个候选极化码序列对应的译码结果。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机可执行指令，当该指令在计算机或处理器上运行时，使得计算机或处理器可以执行上述第一方面、第二方面或其任一可能的实现方案中的方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供了一种包含第五方面所述指令的计算机程序产品。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供了一种极化译码的装置，包括接口电路、参数生成器和极化译码器。可选择性地，这三部分器件的任一个均包括集成电路，例如逻辑门或晶体管。此时所述装置是芯片或多个芯片组成的芯片组。这三部分器件通过逻辑运算分别执行如上述第一方面、第二方面或其任一可能的实现方案中涉及的方法中的各个步骤。
进一步地，在第七方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括解扰器或校验器中的至少一项。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用户设备，用于和对端设备通信，所述用户设备可包括第三方面、第四方面或第七方面提到的装置。
对于第八方面，进一步地，所述用户设备还包括向所述装置提供所述极化码序列的解调装置。所述极化码序列是所述解调装置对接收的数字信号解调后生成的解调软值。例如，所述解调装置可以执行以下至少一项解调：正交相移键控、二进制相移键 控、16QAM、64QAM或256QAM。
更进一步地，所述用户设备还包括收发器，该收发器用于从天线接收射频信号，并将射频信号转换为数字基带信号或数字中频信号，并将该数字基带信号或数字中频信号提供给所述解调装置，以便所述解调装置可以解调所述数字基带信号或数字中频信号以生成所述解调软值。
可选地，收发器还用于从该用户设备中的调制装置接收经过调制的数字基带信号或数字中频信号，并将该经过调制的数字基带信号或数字中频信号转换为射频信号，并通过天线发送所述射频信号。
可选地，该用户设备可以是手机、平板电脑或可穿戴设备。
第九方面，本申请实施例提供了一种设备，包括：处理器、收发器和连接器；该处理器与该收发器通过该连接器耦合。可选地，所述连接器包括接口、传输线或总线中至少一项。该收发器用于从天线接收射频信号，并将射频信号转换为数字基带信号或数字中频信号。该处理器用于解调所述数字基带信号或数字中频信号以生成极化码序列，并且进一步执行如上第一方面、第二方面或其任一可能的实现方案中涉及的方法以实现对所述极化码序列的译码。
对于第九方面，可选地，该处理器可以包括解调装置和译码装置。所述译码装置可以是如第三、第四或第七方面提到的装置，并具体执行如上第一方面、第二方面或其任一可能的实现方案中涉及的方法。
可选地，收发器还用于从该设备中的调制装置接收经过调制的数字基带信号或数字中频信号，并将该经过调制的数字基带信号或数字中频信号转换为射频信号，并通过天线发送所述射频信号。
可选地，所述设备可以是芯片或由多个芯片组成的芯片组，或者是芯片或芯片组与相关驱动软件形成的集合。所述驱动软件可以包括第六方面提到的计算机程序产品。
本申请的以上方面在以下实施例的描述中会更加清楚易懂。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的架构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种通信中接入网设备20和终端30的硬件结构示意图；
图3为为本申请实施例提供的一种通信终端内通信处理器的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种极化码所具有的嵌套特性的示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种码长度N为128，信息比特长度K为64的极化码序列的子信道极化状态的示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种码长度N为128，信息比特长度K为96的极化码序列的子信道极化状态的示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种极化译码的方法流程的示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种硬件形式的极化译码装置的结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种包括能够执行计算机可执行指令的处理器的极化译码装置的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的另一种极化译码装置的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种对译码所使用的编码参数的数量做限缩的方案的示意图；
图12A为本申请实施例提供的一种在串行译码方式下的硬件形式的极化译码装置的结构示意图；
图12B为本申请实施例提供的一种在并行译码方式下的硬件形式的极化译码装置的结构示意图
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种基于极化码的无线通信过程的示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的另一种对译码所使用的编码参数的数量做限缩的方案的示意图。
图15为本申请实施例提供的一种极化编码过程的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。除非另有说明，“多个”是指两个或多于两个。另外，为了便于清楚描述本申请实施例的技术方案，在本申请的实施例中，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同或相似的内容进行区分，本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不用于对数量和执行次序进行限定。
本申请实施例描述的移动通信网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着移动通信网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的其他技术问题，同样适用。如图1所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统10。该通信系统10中包括一个接入网设备20，以及与该接入网设备20连接的一个或多个终端30。
该接入网设备20作为终端30的对端设备，能够为所述终端30提供无线通信服务。由于移动通信也叫蜂窝通信，接入网设备20可以形成一个或多个小区，并为小区内存在的多个终端30服务。示例性地，接入网设备20可以是基站、中继站或其他无线接入点等。基站支持各类无线通信协议，如可以是全球移动通信系统(global system for mobile communication，GSM)或码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)网络中的基站收发信台(base transceiver station，BTS)，也可以是宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)中的NB(NodeB)，还可以是长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)中的eNB或eNodeB(evolutional NodeB)，或者可以是IoT或者NB-IoT中的eNB，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。当然，接入网设备20还可以是其他网络中的网络设备，比如可以是未来第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信网络或者未来演进的公共陆地移动网络(Public Land Mobile Network，PLMN)中的网络设备，如gNodeB。
终端30也叫用户设备(user equipment，UE)，具体可以是接入终端、终端单元、终端站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、无线通信设备、终端代理或终端装置等。接入终端可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(personal  digital assistant，PDA)等具有无线通信功能的手持设备、车载设备、便携设备等各种类型的产品，未来5G网络中的终端或者未来演进的PLMN网络中的终端等，例如，该终端30的常见应形态是智能终端，包括手机、平板电脑或可穿戴设备，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。所述终端30可以支持所述接入网设备20所支持的以上提到的各类无线通信协议的至少一种，以实现与所述接入网设备20的通信。
如图2所示，为本申请实施例提供的接入网设备20和终端30的硬件结构示意图。终端30包括至少一个处理器301、至少一个存储器302、至少一个收发器303。可选的，终端30还可以包括一个或多个天线31、输出设备304和输入设备305。
处理器301、存储器302和收发器303通过连接器相耦合，所述连接器可包括各类接口、传输线或总线等，本实施例对此不做限定。在本申请的各个实施例中，耦合是指通过特定方式的相互联系，包括直接相连或通过其他设备间接相连。处理器301可以包括如下至少一种类型的器件：中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、微处理器、特定应用集成电路专用集成电路(Application-Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、微控制器(Microcontroller Unit，MCU)、现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)、或者用于实现逻辑运算的集成电路。例如，处理器301可以是一个单核(single-CPU)处理器或多核(multi-CPU)处理器。处理器301内包括的多个处理器或单元可以是集成在一个芯片中或位于多个不同的芯片上。示例性地，如图2所示，处理器301中可包括通信处理器3010。
在本发明实施例中，涉及的芯片是以集成电路工艺制造在同一个半导体衬底上的系统，也叫半导体芯片，其可以是利用集成电路工艺制作在所述衬底(通常是例如硅一类的半导体材料)上形成的集成电路的集合，其外层通常被半导体封装材料封装。所述集成电路可以包括各类功能器件，每一类功能器件包括逻辑门电路、金属氧化物半导体(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor，MOS)晶体管、双极晶体管或二极管等晶体管，也可包括电容、电阻或电感等其他部件。每个功能器件可以独立工作或者在必要的驱动软件的作用下工作，可以实现通信、运算、或存储等各类功能。
图2中的存储器302可以是非掉电易失性存储器，例如是EMMC(Embedded Multi Media Card，嵌入式多媒体卡)、UFS(Universal Flash Storage，通用闪存存储)或只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)，或者是可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，还可以是掉电易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他计算机可读存储介质，但不限于此。存储器302可以是独立存在，通过连接器与处理器301相耦合。存储器302也可以和处理器301集成在一起。其中，存储器302能够存储执行本申请方案的程序代码在内的各类计算机程序代码，并由处理器301来控制执行，被执行的各类计算机程序代码也 可被视为是处理器301的驱动程序。例如，处理器301用于执行存储器302中存储的计算机程序代码，从而实现本申请后续实施例中的方法。所述计算机程序代码数量很大，可形成能够被处理器301中的至少一个处理器执行的计算机可执行指令，以驱动相关处理器执行各类处理，如支持上述各类无线通信协议的通信信号处理算法、操作系统运行或应用程序运行。
收发器303可以是任何用于实现通信信号收发的装置，例如射频收发机，其具体可以耦合至天线31。收发器303包括发射机Tx和接收机Rx。具体地，一个或多个天线31可以接收射频信号，该收发器303的接收机Rx用于从天线接收所述射频信号，并将射频信号转换为数字基带信号或数字中频信号，并将该数字基带信号或数字中频信号提供给所述处理器301中包括的通信处理器3010，以便通信处理器3010对该数字基带信号或数字中频信号做进一步的处理，例如解调处理和译码处理。此外，收发器303中的发射机Tx还用于从通信处理器3010接收经过调制的数字基带信号或数字中频信号，并将该经过调制的数字基带信号或数字中频信号转换为射频信号，并通过一个或多个天线31发送所述射频信号。具体地，接收机Rx可以选择性地对射频信号进行一级或多级下混频处理和模数转换处理以得到数字基带信号或数字中频信号，所述下混频处理和模数转换处理的先后顺序是可调整的。发射机Tx可以选择性地对经过调制的数字基带信号或数字中频信号进行一级或多级上混频处理和数模转换处理以得到射频信号，所述上混频处理和数模转换处理的先后顺序是可调整的。数字基带信号和数字中频信号可以统称为数字信号。
输出设备304和处理器301通信，可以以多种方式来显示信息。例如，输出设备304可以是液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)，发光二级管(Light Emitting Diode，LED)显示设备，阴极射线管(Cathode Ray Tube，CRT)显示设备，或投影仪(projector)等。输入设备305和处理器301通信，可以以多种方式接受用户的输入。例如，输入设备305可以是鼠标、键盘、触摸屏设备或传感设备等。
接入网设备20包括至少一个处理器201、至少一个存储器202、至少一个收发器203、一个或多个天线21、和至少一个网络接口204。处理器201、存储器202、收发器203和网络接口204通过连接器相耦合。其中，网络接口204用于通过通信链路，例如S1接口，与核心网设备40耦合。或者网络接口204通过有线或无线链路，例如X2接口，与其它接入网设备的网络接口进行连接。图中对连接方式具体如何未示出，本申请实施例对具体连接方式是什么也不作具体限定。另外，天线21、处理器201、存储器202和收发器203的相关描述可参考终端30中天线31、处理器301、存储器302和收发器303的描述，以实现类似功能。例如，处理器201可包括通信处理器，用于对需要发送至终端30的信息或数据做极化编码得到极化码序列，并对极化码序列做调制以生成调制后的数据以便通过收发器203中的发射机Tx传输至天线，在此不再赘述。
可以理解，以上应用场景以移动通信场景为例做描述，相关场景也可以被短距离通信场景所替代。例如，所述终端30也可以是短距离通信中的用户设备，所述接入网设备20则可以被短距离通信中的接入点所代替。短距离通信中的接入点和移动通信中的接入网设备20都可以被视为是针对所述终端30的不同类型的对端设备。所述短距 离通信的协议可包括无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Networks，WLAN)、蓝牙(Bluetooth)、无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，Wi-Fi)、红外、近场通信(Near-field Communication，NFC)等。例如，用户设备可以是Wi-Fi用户设备，接入点可是Wi-Fi路由器。
基于上述描述，本发明实施例还可以扩展到更多的通信应用场景中，本实施例对此不做限定，尽管后续实施例主要以移动通信场景为例进行说明，可以理解任何包括极化编译码的通信场景中用户所使用的通信设备均可视为用户设备，而与用户所持有的设备进行通信的设备均可视为对端设备，如点对点通信中的对端设备。
如图3所示，提供了一种移动通信场景下终端30中处理器301内典型的通信处理器3010的结构示意图。可以理解，接入网设备20中的处理器201内的通信处理器的结构是类似的。该通信处理器3010可以执行通信算法功能，以实现在接收中对接收到的来自收发器303的数字信号做解调和译码操作以得到所需要的数据结果，该数据结果是对通信对端的发送信号的恢复。在发送过程中，通信处理器3010对数据源执行调制和编码操作，以得到待发送的数字信号并将数字信号提供给收发器303，相关信息或数据被最终发送至所述通信对端设备。所述通信处理器3010可以是基带处理器。
通信处理器3010包括译码装置3011、解调装置3012、调制装置3013和编码装置3014。可以理解，编码装置3014和译码装置3011执行的是相互对应的编码和译码操作。在本实施例中编码装置3014和译码装置3011分别执行编码和译码。调制装置3013和解调装置3012执行的是相互对应的调制和解调操作，包括通信中的星座点的处理。所述调制或解调可包括如下至少一项：正交相移键控、二进制相移键控、16QAM、64QAM或256QAM等。具体地，在接收处理中，解调装置3012用于对接收到的数字信号执行解调操作，具体可包括星座点映射操作以及解调判决，以得到解调结果，即解调软值，此时的解调软值由于还没有经过译码，因此是以极化码序列的形式存在。译码装置3011用于对所述极化码序列执行译码处理得到译码结果，该译码结果是经通信处理器3010处理后供用户或其他设备进一步使用的数据结果，可以包括语音信号、数据信号、视频信号、控制指令等各种不同类型的信号。在发送处理中，待发送的数据源被编码装置3014进行极化编码以得到极化码序列，该极化码序列被调制装置3013进行调制得到数字信号，以便收发装置303进一步做发送处理。
上述译码装置3011、解调装置3012、调制装置3013和编码装置3014的一个或多个可以由软件、硬件或软件与硬件结合的方式实现。硬件形式是指该模块由集成电路、逻辑门电路或晶体管等硬件形成。软件形式是指该模块是一个由计算机程序代码或计算机可执行指令形成的模块，可以由通信处理器3010执行。
除了图3所示的结构中的内容外，通信处理器3010还可进一步包括其他通信处理所需要的功能，如通信速率调整、信号交织、数字增益调整、数字频率调制、多输入多输出(Multi-input Multi-output，MIMO)处理、预编码处理、预失真处理、通信协议处理、或功耗状态管理等必要的功能，本实施例对此不作进一步说明。
在图3对应的译码装置3011进行译码的过程中，为了减少终端30与接入网设备20之间传输信令的开销，终端30与接入网设备20之间不协商极化码序列的编码参数，如码长度N和信息比特长度K。在一种示例中，码长度N是固定值但是存在多个不同 的信息比特长度K值。在另一种更常见的示例中，码长度N不固定，即存在多个不同的码长度N值，且每个码长度N值可以对应多个不同的信息比特长度K值。这些码长度N值和信息比特长度K值的组合形成多个候选编码参数，可被接入网设备20用于极化编码。因此需要终端30中的译码装置3011对接收的来自所述接入网设备20的极化码序列进行盲检测以获得译码结果。所述盲检测是利用多个可能的编码参数分别对极化码序列进行尝试性的译码，即在译码中遍历相关编码参数全部的可能取值。这种极化译码中的盲检测有些类似于长期演进中的盲检测技术，其原理均是遍历一种类型参数的全部可能取值以分别利用每个取值对待检测数据或信号做检测或译码。
经过研究发现，极化码具有嵌套特性，本实施例的技术方案因此可以利用所述嵌套特性对基于所述盲检测的极化译码进行简化。下面对所述嵌套特性进行简要介绍，以便于对理解后续实施例。在极化码中，存在多个信息比特和多个冻结比特。信息比特用于传递信息，如业务数据或控制信息。冻结比特不用于传递信息，而是被预置为预设值，如0或1。如图4所示，给定一个极化码序列的码长度N＝32，即完整的一段极化码包括32个比特，每个比特也叫1个子信道，对应的序号从0至31。假定该极化码中信息比特长度取自集合M，M＝{K1、K2、K3}＝{17、12、10}。即对于N＝32的极化码，其盲检测所使用的信息比特长度可能有三个取值17、12、10。这里定义码长度和信息比特长度组成的二维变量[N_K]为编码参数。根据[N_K]的三种情况[32_17]，[32_12]，[32_10]计算极化码序列的每个子信道相对可靠度。对于比特长度K的三个不同取值，图4分别示出了每个K取值下各个子信道，即各比特的极化状态，标识为“信息”的块是信息比特，标识为深色的块是在三个K取值下共同的冻结比特，标识为“冻结”的块是在其中一K取值下专有的冻结比特。以K的三个取值中最大的K＝17为例，其深色的冻结比特也是其他两个K取值下的冻结比特，即共同的冻结比特。因此无论K有多少个取值，都存在共同的冻结比特。因此，K为17时极化码中的多个信息比特包括了K为12或10时极化码中的多个信息比特，这种关系即是嵌套特性。也就是说，具有较小K值的极化码中的多个信息比特是具有较大K值的极化码中的多个信息比特的一部分。
在以上过程中，编码端和译码端，如生成极化码序列的接入网设备20和终端30，可以通过相同的可靠度计算方法决定一个特定码长度下的哪些比特是信息比特或冻结比特。通过所述计算，编码端和译码端均可以各自在所述码长度下确定出极化码中的信息比特和冻结比特，其中信息比特是可靠度相对高的子信道或比特，而冻结比特是可靠度相对低的子信道或比特。可靠度计算方式有多种，并且在现有技术中已经有所研究。无论使用何种可靠度计算方式，在一个码长度下确定极化码序列的信息比特时，当K为较大值时所确定的多个信息比特均会包括在当K为较小值时所确定的多个信息比特，这种嵌套特性是极化码序列的一个特点。
可扩展地，极化码中除了信息比特和冻结比特，还可包括其他类型的比特，例如由终端和接入网设备共同约定的某种特定功能的比特。无论极化码还包括哪些比特类型，对于同样的码长度，采用相同可靠度计算方式得到的不同长度的信息比特之间均满足嵌套特性，并均可应用以下实施例提供的方案。
进一步地，图5展示了在一种可靠度计算方法下，码长度N为128，信息比特长 度K为64的极化码序列的子信道极化状态。其中，横轴代表子信道或比特。纵轴代表每个子信道的相对可靠度。在所述可靠度计算方法下，选择可靠度高的比特作为信息比特，用图中“×”来表示。冻结比特可靠性相对更低，则用“○”来表示。相对地，图6则展示了在同一种可靠度计算方法下，码长度N为128，信息比特长度K为96的极化码序列的子信道极化状态。从图5和图6的对比可以看出，当采用相同的所述可靠度计算方法时，码长度N固定，则K为96时确定的96个信息比特包括了K为64时的64个信息比特。有鉴于此，本发明实施例对极化译码中盲检测所使用编码参数的数量进行适当的限缩，即简化包括多个候选编码参数的参数集合。本实施例减少每个码长度下用于盲检测的信息比特长度的数量，以降低盲检测复杂度并尽可能满足译码准确度。
图7为本发明实施例提供的一种极化译码的方法，该方法可以由图3中的译码装置3011来执行。所述方法包括：在S71中，获取极化码序列。具体地，该极化码序列可以是由解调装置3012提供解调软值。译码装置3011具体可以通过专用的软件或硬件接口来接收由解调装置3012提供的所述极化码序列。进一步地，在S72中，确定多个第一编码参数。所述多个第一编码参数是多个候选编码参数的一部分。除了所述部分外，所述多个候选编码参数还包括至少一个第二编码参数。其中，所述多个候选编码参数中的每个可包括码长度N和信息比特长度K。所述多个候选编码参数形成一个集合，在该集合中，只有多个第一编码参数被用于盲检测，所述至少一个第二编码参数被排除用于所述盲检测，每个被排除的第二编码参数所包括的信息比特长度需要小于被用于盲检测一个或多个第一编码参数所包括的信息比特长度。这样做是充分考虑了极化码的嵌套特性，使得包括较大的信息比特长度的编码参数被保留并被用于译码，以利于在满足译码准确度的条件下降低复杂度。
对于图7，进一步地，在S73中，利用所述多个第一编码参数对所述极化码序列执行基于盲检测的译码得到译码结果。也就是说，本实施例的方案对预设的编码参数集合做了简化，形成了简化的信息比特长度集合，或者叫限缩的集合。该限缩的集合仅包括多个第一编码参数，以便在做盲检测时降低运算量。关于如何获得该限缩的集合，使得包括较大的信息比特长度的第一编码参数被保留，并排除至少一个第二编码参数，后续的实施例中将对此做进一步说明。进一步地，在S74中，译码结果可以被执行解扰操作以得到专属于所述终端30的译码结果。在S75中，该译码结果被进一步执行解循环冗余校验。相关操作的具体介绍可参见后续实施例。
参考图8，给出了一种硬件形式的译码装置3011实施例的结构示意图，该译码装置3011可包括接口电路81、参数生成器82和译码器83。这三部分器件的任一个均包括集成电路，例如包括逻辑门或晶体管。因此图8的译码装置3011是一种硬件形成的电路结构，例如是芯片或多个芯片组成的芯片组。所述接口电路81可以用于执行S71，即接收来自解调装置3012的解调软值，即解调后得到的极化码序列。接口电路81将接收的极化码序列发送给译码器83。参数生成器82则用于执行S72。译码器83则用于执行过程S73、S74和S75。
在图8的一种可能的示例中，参数生成器82可用于从预设的多个候选编码参数中选择盲检测使用的多个第一编码参数，这种通过选择获得多个第一编码参数的方式是 在线模式，即所述多个第一编码参数的确定是在译码中进行的。所述多个候选编码参数可以是由无线通信协议为终端30预先约定的或由接入网设备20为终端30配置，以便参数生成器82进一步从所述约定或配置的多个候选编码参数中选择适合的多个第一编码参数，这种通过预先配置获得多个第一编码参数的方式是离线模式，即所述多个第一编码参数已经提前被确定好。例如，无线通信协议约定了多个候选编码参数，则接入网设备20以该多个候选编码参数为基础执行编码。接入网设备20可以对其数据源做极化编码生成所述极化码序列。对于终端30而言，其通过解调装置3012解调后的软值即是恢复出的由接入网设备20生成的极化码序列。而在终端30的译码装置3011中，使用的多个第一编码参数仅是接入网设备20在编码中可能使用的多个候选编码参数的一部分，即在盲检测中无需遍历无线通信协议约定的或接入网设备20为所述终端30配置的所有编码参数，降低盲检测复杂度。
在图8的另一种可能的示例中，所述多个第一编码参数是预配置的，而无需执行选择操作。所述预配置可以是接入网设备20使用的以软件配置或硬件配置的形式预设在所述终端30中。参数生成器82可用于获取预配置的多个第一编码参数。例如，对于一种硬件配置形式而言，参数生成器82可以是一次性可编程(One Time Programable，OTP)存储器，终端30的原始设备制造商(Original Equipment Manufacturer，OEM)可以在终端30出厂前通过对所述存储器进行编程以将多个第一编码参数配置在该存储器中。可以理解，该存储器也可以由芯片设计厂商或芯片供应商进行编程以实现所述配置。再例如，对于另一种硬件配置形式而言，参数生成器82可以是一个计算电路，用于通过预配置的逻辑运算生成所述多个第一编码参数，每当极化译码功能被启动或触发则参数生成器82执行所述计算。因此多个第一编码参数是以硬逻辑的方式配置在终端30中。再例如，对于软件配置形式而言，参数生成器82可以是个参数读取电路，用于从终端30的存储器302或其他存储设备中读取预先被存储的多个第一编码参数。由于多个第一编码参数被预配置在终端30中，无需执行所述选择操作，操作被进一步简化。
图8中的译码器83可进一步包括：极化译码器831、选择器832和校验器833。选择器832用于接收参数生成器82提供的多个第一编码参数，并从中选择编码参数提供给极化译码器831。极化译码器831用于执行S73中的极化译码处理得到译码结果。极化译码器83所使用的的方法包括但不限于连续消除(Successive Cancellation,SC)算法、连续消除聊表(Successive Cancellation List,SCL)算法或其他基于这两种算法的任一种的变形算法。校验器833则进一步执行S74，即对译码结果做解循环冗余校验。如果解校验成功，则该译码结果被校验器833输出。如果解校验失败，则译码不成功，校验器833将解校验失败的结果反馈给选择器832，以便选择器832重新选择另一编码参数并将选择的新编码参数提供给极化译码器831，使得译码过程被不断迭代直到译码成功。以上迭代的过程也就是不断使用多个第一编码参数中的每个依次执行盲检测的过程，以完成基于盲检测的译码。
在图8中，校验器833直接使用多个候选编码参数依次尝试对极化译码器831得到的译码结果进行解校验操作。在极化译码器831中使用的多个第一编码参数是多个候选编码参数的一部分，使得译码得到简化。由于在运算过程中极化译码占据大部分 运算量，这样的简化能达到明显的有益效果。与极化译码器831的简化的操作不同，在校验器833执行解校验操作时，依然需要通过遍历多个候选编码参数中的每个，并利用每个候选编码参数依执行解校验直到解校验成功。可以理解，由于校验器833的运算量小于极化译码，这样的遍历操作不会对整个方案的运算量有很大提升，后续对此将具体介绍。
可以理解，图8的译码装置3011除了可以通过除了以上硬件结构来实现外，还可以通过软件来实现，如图9所示，译码装置3011可包括处理器91、存储器92和连接器93。该存储器91可以就是图2中的存储器302，即此时的图2中的存储器302可以被放置于所述处理器301中的所述译码装置3011中。当然，该存储器91也可以是其他存储器。所述存储器92可用于存储计算机可执行指令，该处理器91与该存储器92通过该连接器93耦合，该处理器91执行该存储器92中存储的该计算机可执行指令，以执行之前实施例提到的极化译码处理，或者可驱动或使能该译码装置3011执行所述译码。需要理解，连接器93可包括各类接口、传输线或总线等，本实施例对此不作限定。
本领域技术人员可以理解，译码装置3011除了可以使用软件实现或硬件实现外，亦可以以软件和硬件结合的方式实现。例如，图8对应的多个部件中的一个或多个部件可以由处理器执行计算机可执行指令来替代实现。因此，以上提到的用于驱动或使能译码装置3011或其中处理器执行极化译码处理的计算机可执行指令可以被视为一种软件产品，即是一种计算机程序产品，并可以存储在任意形式的计算机可读存储介质内，具体可参考之前对存储器302的介绍。该计算机可执行指令所形成的软件产品可包括用于执行图7中每个步骤的执行单元。
如图10所示，本发明实施例还提供了一种极化译码的装置100，包括：获取模块101、确定模块102和译码单元103。其中，译码单元103可以进一步包括译码模块1031和校验模块1032。所述获取模块101用于执行S71，所述确定模块102用于执行S72。所述译码模块1031用于执行S73以产生译码结果，所述校验模块1032用于执行S75中的解循环冗余校验运算以验证所述译码结果。装置100中的每个单元或模块可以通过软件或硬件的形式来实现，本实施例对此不作限定。
下面结合附图具体介绍包括解扰操作的译码过程。对于终端30而言，其接收或处理的通信信息也许包括其他终端的信息，例如在经过解调装置3012解调后，得到的解调软值以极化码序列的形式存在，该极化码序列中可能包括多个候选(candidate)极化码序列，则译码装置3011可以以并行或串行的方式分别对所述多个候选极化码序列执行基于所述盲检测的译码。也就是说，所述多个候选极化码序列可能并不都是针对当前执行所述译码装置3011或其终端30的，多个候选极化码序列中仅有一个或多个候选极化码序列是属于终端30，其他的候选极化码序列则属于其他终端。在这种应用场景下，接入网设备20会发送数据流，所述数据流包括多个终端的数据，该数据是广义上的数据或信息，可以包括业务数据或控制信息。多个终端均可接收到该数据流，并通过解调装置对数据流做解调生成以多个候选极化码序列形式存在的软值。进一步地，每个终端的译码装置在得到多个候选极化码序列的译码结果后，需要进一步从多个候选极化码序列的译码结果中识别出属于自身的候选极化码序列的译码结果。
为了便于每个终端识别自身数据，接入网设备20会在执行编码的时候利用每个终端的标识对属于该终端的数据做加扰。例如，该标识可以是每个终端的无线网络临时标识。对于终端30而言，其需要利用自身对应的标识对多个候选极化码序列的译码数据做解扰以识别属于终端30的那部分译码数据。具体地，能够利用终端30的无线网络临时标识解扰成功的译码数据是属于该终端30的。
在一种实例中，图10中的译码单元103可进一步包括执行所述解扰运算功能的解扰模块1033。在另一种实例中，对于用硬件实现的译码装置3011而言，可参见图12A，与图8的不同之处在于，图12A中的校验器833之前还有执行所述解扰操作的解扰器834，该解扰器834用于执行图7中的方法的步骤S74。该解扰器834对译码结果进行解扰可得到解扰后的结果8340，该结果8340是专属于本译码装置3011所在的终端30而非属于其他终端，所述结果可以是包括解扰成功或解扰失败的译码结果，一旦解扰成功，被成功解扰的译码结果8340被进一步送至校验器833执行S75中的所述解校验以决定是否解校验通过。
示例性地，尽管可能只有一部分候选极化码序列是被译码装置3011所在的终端30的标识加扰的，译码装置3011依然需要对多个候选极化码序列均进行基于盲检测的译码和解扰操作。无论译码装置3011以软件、硬件还是软硬件结合的形式实现，对多个候选极化码序列的处理都可以用并行和串行两种方式实现，下面分别对此做说明。
下面介绍一种串行译码方式下的译码装置3011。假设译码装置3011以硬件形式实现，则如图12A所示的译码装置3011可以通过接口电路接收多个候选极化码序列，并在极化译码器831中执行串行极化译码得到多个候选极化码序列的译码结果，校验器833可以使用其所在的终端30的无线网络临时标识对译码结果做解扰。译码结果可包括多个候选极化码序列对应的译码序列。其中仅有部分译码序列属于终端30，即可以被成功解扰。解扰失败的一个或多个译码序列可以被丢弃。解扰成功的一个或多个译码序列被包括在解扰结果8340中，并被视为是属于终端30的数据或信息，并被执行解循环冗余校验以判断是否解校验成功，当解校验成功后，所述解扰成功的一个或多个译码序列被作为结果输出。该结果被认为是对通信对端，如接入网设备20，发送的原始数据的恢复。
下面结合图12B介绍另一种并行译码方式下的译码装置3011。假设该译码装置3011以硬件形式实现，则如图12B所示的译码装置3011除了包括图12A所示的接口电路81和参数生成器82，也可以包括多个译码器，如从译码器83A、译码器83B……至译码器83X，每个译码器可参考图12A中的译码器83的描述。接口电路81在接收到多个候选极化码序列之后可以将多个候选极化码序列A、序列B、……至序列X分别分配给对应的译码器执行译码，使得多个译码器同步并行执行处理。可以理解，由于采用并行译码方式，图12B的译码装置相对于图12A中的译码装置拥有更快的译码速度。与此相反，采用图12A的串行译码方式，即只使用一套译码硬件资源对多个候选极化码序列依次执行顺序译码，可以有效降低对译码中硬件资源的消耗，更有利于降低运算功耗。在图12B中，所述参数生成器82是被多个译码器共享的。可以理解，图12B中的每个译码器也可以具有各自的参数生成器，即每个译码器中均包括一个参数生成器(图中对此种扩展方式未示出)，本实施例对此不做限定。
以上实施例的描述假定译码装置3011以硬件形式存在，如果译码装置3011以软件形式实现，那么也可以存在如上所述的串行译码和并行译码方式。对于并行译码方式而言，相当于由类似图9中的处理器91通过多个软件运算流程同步执行针对多个候选极化码序列的处理，同一时刻执行的软件代码运算量较大以提高运算速度。相对应地，采用串行译码方式可节省软件资源消耗，及仅启动一个软件运算流程有利于降低处理器91的功耗。
以上实施例介绍了极化译码的装置以及其执行的方法。下面对本发明实施例涉及的极化译码中盲检测所使用的多个第一编码参数是如何获得进行进一步介绍。如之前实施例的描述，所述多个第一编码参数是包括多个候选编码参数的集合中的一部分而非全部，相当于是对多个候选编码参数执行限缩后得到数量更少的所述多个第一编码参数。无论该限缩后的多个第一编码参数在译码装置3011中是被选择出来的还是预配置在译码装置3011的，均充分考虑了之前提到的嵌套特性，从而在可接受的译码性能下降的前提下降低复杂度。
在一种可能的实现方式A中，如图4所示,假设极化码序列的码长度N＝32，极化码中信息比特长度取自预设信息比特长度集合M，M＝{K1、K2、K3}＝{17、12、10}，因此多个候选编码参数分别为[32_17]、[32_12]和[32_10]。则由于嵌套特性的存在，可以仅使用M＝17这个信息比特长度来执行基于盲检测的译码。即，参数生成器82所生成的第一编码参数[N_K]为[32_17]，从而省略了另两个第二编码参数[32_12]和[32_10]，也就是说这两个编码参数被排除用于所述盲检测，以实现对多个候选编码参数的限缩。
在另一种可能的实现方式B中，如图4所示,对于码长度N＝32，极化码中信息比特长度取自预设信息比特长度集合M，M＝{K1、K2、K3}＝{17、12、10}。参数生成器82所生成的两个第一编码参数[N_K]可以为[32_17]和[32_12]，从而省略了一个第二编码参数[32_10]。因此，从多个候选参数[32_17]、[32_12]和[32_10]中选择具有最大信息比特长度的前两个编码参数，省略信息比特长度最小的编码参数。所以，对于码长度相同的多个候选编码参数，每个候选编码参数具有各自的候选信息比特长度，最大的一个或多个候选信息比特长度被选择。
为了便于理解，结合图15极化编码过程来对本实施例做说明。假设执行编码操作的是接入网设备20。在图15中，K-m个数据比特作为原始数据被执行循环冗余校验(K，m)操作，得到的K个比特包括所述K-m个数据比特和m个冗余比特。这K个比特被视为信息比特。其中，m个冗余比特仅用于实现循环冗余校验，不携带具体信息。其他K-m个数据比特是接入网设备20需要传输给终端30的信息，可包括业务数据或控制信息等。进一步地，在接入网设备20的编码装置中执行极化编码(N，K)操作，在该编码过程中利用K个信息比特和N-K个冻结比特生成N个比特的极化码序列。
假设对于图15的编码过程而言，码长度N＝32，实际使用的信息比特长度K为预设信息比特长度集合M中的最小值。仍然假设＝{K1、K2、K3}＝{17、12、10}，则实际编码使用的信息比特长度K＝10。对终端30而言，在译码操作中可以使用的第一编码参数[N_K]为[32_17]，或[32_17]和[32_12]。即终端30中的译码装置3011使用更大的K值17或12来执行基于盲检测的译码以得到译码结果。进一步地，译码装置3011 需要对译码结果做解循环冗余校验时，依然需要遍历[32_17]，[32_12]和[32_10]这三个候选编码参数。由于编码时实际使用的K为10，使用编码参数[32_17]，[32_12]执行解校验会失败，仅使用[32_10]这个编码参数解校验成功。如之前的实施例曾经提到的，由于译码装置3011中的校验器833运算量小于极化译码器831，因此这种遍历不会对运算复杂度造成大的提升。本发明实施例的操作简化主要是通过对极化译码做简化来实现。
可以理解，在以上方式A或方式B中，最终用于盲检测的一个或多个信息比特长度中的每个都要大于被排除用于盲检测的信息比特长度，从而充分利用极化码的重叠嵌套特性。具体参照图4，假设以方式A为例做说明，K＝12和K＝10这两种选项被排除用于盲检测，则仅使用第一编码参数[32_17]，即仅有信息比特长度K＝17被使用。由于重叠嵌套特性的存在，在使用第一编码参数[32_17]进行基于盲检测的译码时，K＝12和K＝10这两种选项中的部分冻结比特会被视为是信息比特并被进行译码，这种用信息比特代替冻结比特的行为会导致会该被替代的冻结比特的信息0或1丢失，即在译码中失去该冻结比特的先验信息，这在一定程度上影响译码的准确度或译码成功率。例如，如果极化码序列的实际信息比特长度是K＝10，译码装置3011在盲检测时可以依然仅使用信息比特长度K＝17对该极化码序列做译码并得到译码结果，只是相关操作会略微损失译码的准确度，但这一点先验信息的丢失对性能的影响很小，不影响方案的实施。进一步地，为了平衡这种影响，本领域技术人员可以在设计过程中通过对相关方法做仿真测试或对基于所述方法的样机产品做实际测试，以确定该替代方式是否满足无线通信系统的性能需要，从而决定是否在极化译码中使用相关方案。
具体地，本领域技术人员可以在设计过程中针对特定应用场景进行仿真得到仿真数据，并分析仿真数据以确定以上方案在特定的应用场景下是否可行。例如在使用所述方法得到译码结果后可进一步衡量所述译码结果是否达到无线通信的准确度要求。具体地，可以通过仿真测试检测译码结果正确或错误的概率，如误码率来衡量是否达到准确度要求。本领域技术人员可以发现，在很多通信应用场景下应用本实施例的相关方案，相关准确度要求都能够被满足，且译码复杂度被降低，因此本实施例所提到的方案设计对于大部分通信的应用场景是可行的。
可选地，所述极化编码和极化译码技术可应用于无线通信中的各种数据流，该数据流可以包括业务数据或控制信息。也就是说，相关技术适用于各类数据信道、控制信道、导频信道等。在一种应用场景下，所述极化码技术被应用于无线通信的控制信道，例如5G控制信道。本领域技术人员基于仿真数据分析在所述控制信道使用以上方法是否可行。例如，可根据译码结果的虚警率或漏检率来进行分析，如果虚警率或漏检率能达到预设要求的限制，则认为以上放大法适用于特定的应用场景。所述虚警率是终端在控制信道中错误地检测到本不属于自己的控制信息的概率。所述漏检率是终端在控制信道中没有成功检测到属于自己的控制信息的概率。
对于以上提到的方式A而言，仅有一个最大的信息比特长度被用于盲检测，即对于具有相同码长度的多个候选编码参数而言，仅有一个编码参数被选中，译码复杂度被尽可能的降低。对于方式B而言，不止一个信息比特长度被用于盲检测，即存在用于盲检测的多个第一编码参数，则可能略微提高译码准确度。用于盲检测的一个或多 个信息比特长度的数量可以根据实际设计需要被灵活调整，以实现译码复杂度和准确度的折中。
进一步地，在多个候选编码参数形成的集合中，可能存在多个不同的码长度，通常满足N＝2n，n为正整数，随着n被选定为不同取值，N存在多个可能取值。每个码长度N对应多个不同的信息比特长度K。对于具有相同码长度的多个候选编码参数而言，都可以使用上述方法，即为每个码长度N确定一个或多个用于译码的第一信息比特长度，并排除一个或多个第二信息比特长度，从而降低译码中的盲检测复杂度。如图11所示，是一种对译码使用的编码参数的数量做限缩的方案的示意图。在本发明的各个实施例中，多个第一信息比特长度属于被用于译码的一类信息比特长度，多个第一信息比特长度的值是彼此不同的。多个第二信息比特长度则属于被排除的一类信息比特长度，多个第二信息比特长度的值是彼此不同的。
在图11的左侧展示了多个候选编码参数[N K]，分别为[128 47]、[128 49]、[128 59]、[128 62]、[256 60]、[256 62]、[256 64]、[256 73]、[512 79]、[512 80]、[512 81]、[512 83]、[1024 90]和[1024 100]，其中码长度N可取128、256、512和1024。在每个N长度下，K都有多个可能取值。在图11右侧，可确定被用于极化译码的多个第一编码参数，其数量小于多个候选编码参数的数量。具体地。对于N＝128，K的两个最大值59和62被保留，而K的两个较小值47和49被排除。对于N＝256，K的两个最大值64和73被保留，而K的两个较小值60和62被排除。对于N＝512，K的最大值83被保留，而K的三个较小值79、80和81被排除。对于N＝1024，K的最大值100被保留，而K的较小值90被排除。对不同N值，其保留的K值的数量可能不同，本领域技术人员可根据实际性能需求执行所述选择，具体可应用之前提到的仿真方法也确定适合的第一编码参数。由于嵌套特性的存在，对于一个N值，在使用保留下来的一个或多个最大K值对具有更小实际K值的极化码序列做盲检测时，该极化码序列中的部分冻结比特会被视为信息比特来做译码，这种做法虽然会牺牲部分性能，但却简化了复杂度。经过限缩后，在图11的右侧展示了剩余的、被用于盲检测的编码参数，具体为[128 59]、[128 62]、[256 64]、[256 73]、[512 83]和[1024 100]。
与包括图11对应的实施例在内的之前一系列实施例不同，可替换地，在另一种实现方式中可以对多个候选编码参数进行分组并做进一步限缩。下面举例对此种实现方式做说明，在多个候选编码参数形成的编码参数集合中，假设码长度取值均为N＝32。假设此时存在多个不同的信息比特长度K，例如，假设有预设信息比特长度集合M，M＝{19、17、13、9、7、5}。因此，多个候选的编码参数可以是[32_19]、[32_17]、[32_13]、[32_9]、[32_17]和[31_5]。所述预设信息比特长度集合M可以进一步被划分为多个组，例如，第一个组包括{19、17、13}，第二个组包括{9、7、5}。可以在这两个组中分别排除长度更短的一个或多个信息比特长度，例如在第一个组中排除K＝17和13，在第二个组中排除K＝5。此时，剩余的信息比特长度K为19、9和7，即剩余的用于进行盲检测的编码参数为[32_19]、[32_9]和[32_7]。可以通过仿真确定的编码参数是否满足无线通信系统的性能需要，从而决定是否在极化译码中使用相关方案。
可以理解，在对以上预设信息比特长度集合M进行分组和限缩时，除了上述分组方式还可以有其他分组方式。在以上实现方式的一种可替换的方式中，第一个组也可 包括{19、17}，第二个组也可包括{13、9、7、5}。在每个组中可以排除最小的一个或两个值，例如在第一个组中排除K＝17，在第二个组中排除K＝5，此时剩余的用于进行盲检测的编码参数为[32_19]、[32_13]、[32_9]和[32_17]。或者，第一个组也可包括{19、17、13、9}，第二个组也可包括{7、5}，在每个组中排除最小的一个或两个值，例如在第一个组中排除K＝17、13和9，在第二个组中排除K＝5，此时剩余的用于进行盲检测的编码参数为[32_19]、[32 7]。因此，如何对预设信息比特长度集合中的多个候选信息比特长度做分组是可以有多种实现方式的。
此外，当对预设信息比特长度集合M执行分组和限缩时，可以仅对其中一个或多个组应用以上限缩方案，而对另外一个或多个组不应用以上限缩方案，而是直接使用组内的值。例如，对于第一个组{19、17、13、9}，可以排除K＝17、13和9。对于第二个组{7、5}不应用所述方案，而是直接保留K＝7和5。此时剩余的用于进行盲检测的编码参数为[32_19]、[32 7]和[32 5]。因此对于多个组而言，只要其中一部分组使用本实施例的方案，即可达到降低盲检测复杂度的效果。因此当所述预设信息比特长度集合M包括多个组时，所述多个组中的至少一个组可以被划分为包括至少一个第三信息比特长度和至少一个第四信息比特长度，所述至少一个第三信息比特长度中的每个均大于所述至少一个第四信息比特长度；最终在盲检测中使用的所述至少一个第一信息比特长度包括所述每个组中的至少一个第三信息比特长度；最终被排除用于盲检测的所述至少一个第二信息比特长度包括所述每个组中的至少一个第四信息比特长度。关于如何对预设信息比特长度集合M分组，可以是本领域技术人员依照经验或在设计过程中依照仿真数据的需求执行，本实施例对此不做限制。在本实施例中，一个组中的多个第三信息比特长度属于该组中被用于译码的一类信息比特长度，多个第三信息比特长度的值是彼此不同的。该组中的多个第四信息比特长度则属于被排除的一类信息比特长度，多个第四信息比特长度的值是彼此不同的。
基于以上实施例，为了降低盲检测复杂度，被用于盲检测的所述多个第一编码参数包括至少一个第三编码参数，被排除用于所述盲检测的所述至少一个第二编码参数包括至少一个第四编码参数。所述至少一个第三编码参数和所述至少一个第四编码参数属于编码参数集合，且均包括相同的第一码长度。由于所述至少一个第四编码参数被从多个候选编码参数中排除，并不被用于盲检测，编码参数集合被限缩了。可以将多个候选编码参数进行直接限缩的方式视为是第一限缩方式，而对多个候选编码参数做分组和进一步限缩的方式视为第二限缩方式。无论采用何种限缩方式，对具有特定的码长度N的多个候选编码参数而言，限缩后得到的所述至少一个第三编码参数包括具有最大的一个或多个第一信息比特长度的一个或多个候选编码参数。也即是说，对于每个码长度而言，被排除的任一第二信息比特长度都不是预设信息比特长度集合中最大的。下面对两种限缩方式进行进一步说明。
对于图11所示的第一限缩方式而言，每个第三编码参数包括的第一信息比特长度均大于至少一个第四编码参数包括的至少一个第二信息比特长度。或者，在具有第一码长度的全部候选编码参数中，所述至少一个第三编码参数就是具有最大的一个或多个第一信息比特长度的一个或多个候选编码参数。也就是说，在大量的编码参数中，只要多个候选编码参数[M_K1]、……和[M_KX]包括相同的码长度M，X为大于等于2 的正整数，则可以在所述多个候选编码参数中选择具有最大的信息比特长度的一个或多个编码参数，以排除具有更小信息比特长度的所述至少一个第二编码参数，并得到限缩后的编码参数集合，仅有该限缩后的集合所包括的多个第一编码参数被用于盲检测。
对于第二限缩方式，所述多个组中的部分或者全部多个组均可包括至少一个第五编码参数和至少一个第六编码参数，所述至少一个第五编码参数包括的至少一个第三信息比特长度中的每个均大于所述至少一个第六编码参数包括的至少一个第四信息比特长度；用于盲检测的所述至少一个第三编码参数包括所述至少一个第五编码参数；被排除用于盲检测的所述至少一个第四编码参数包括所述至少一个第六编码参数。当候选编码参数数量很多时，通过本领域技术人员的工作经验或仿真在设计中对多个候选编码参数做分组，可以对至少一个分组执行编码参数的选择或限缩，有效排除部分编码参数，达到更好的效果。
下面仍然结合附图对第二限缩方式进行进一步说明。请参照图14，与图11不同，图14显示了另一种对译码使用的编码参数的数量做限缩的方案的的示意图。在图14的左侧展示了多个候选编码参数，为[128 47]、[128 49]、[128 59]、[128 62]、[128 64]、[128 67]、[256 60]、[256 62]、[256 64]、[256 73]、[256 75]、[512 79]、[512 80]、[512 81]、[512 83]、[1024 90]、[1024 100]和[1024 105]。码长度N可取128、256、512和1024，并分别对应不同的信息比特长度K。与图11所示的方案略有不同，对于图14中的每个码长度，多个K的取值可以被分为多个组，本方案中示例性地将每个码长度N值对应的多个K值分为两个组。可以理解，在其他划分方式中，分组的数量也可以是三个以上。在图14中对于每个码长度N，对其信息比特长度K的两个分组分别作限缩，例如在每个组中选择最大值的一个或多个K值。对于码长度N＝128，对其两个组分别执行限缩，在第一组中选择最大的两个信息比特长度K＝59和62，在第二组中选择最大的信息比特长度K＝67。对于码长度N＝256，对其两个组分别执行限缩，在第一组中选择最大的信息比特长度K＝62，在第二组中选择最大的两个信息比特长度K＝73和75。对于码长度N＝512，仅对第一个组进行限缩但对第二个组不做限缩，因此在第一组中选择最大的信息比特长度K＝80，在第二组中选择全部两个信息比特长度K＝81和83。对于码长度N＝1024，在第一组中选择最大的信息比特长度K＝100以对第一个组做限缩，由于在第二组中仅有唯一的信息比特长度K＝105，因此无需对第二个组做限缩。总之，对于任一码长度，通过对该码长度对应的每组信息比特长度做选择性限缩，从而排除不用于盲检测的信息比特长度，得到限缩后的编码参数，图14右侧展示了限缩后的、被用于盲检测的编码参数，具体为[128 59]、[128 62]、[128 67]、[256 62]、[256 73]、[256 75]、[512 80]、[512 81]、[512 83]、[1024 100]和[1024 105]。
无论对具有特定的码长度N的多个编码参数进行直接限缩还是做分组和限缩，限缩后的得到编码参数都会包括具有最大的一个或多个信息比特长度的一个或多个候选编码参数，即被排除的一个或多个候选编码参数中不包括至少一个最大的信息比特长度。但有可能不是每个获得的第一编码参数的信息比特长度均大于任一被排除用于盲检测的第二编码参数的信息比特长度。因此，对于一个码长度N而言，被保留的用于盲检测的第一信息比特长度包括最大信息比特长度和其他可能的多个信息比特长度， 被排除的第二信息比特长度则小于所述最大信息比特长度。本过程相当于对原始的包括多个候选编码参数的集合做简化得到简化的集合。所述简化的集合内的多个第一编码参数中的信息比特长度取值各不相同。
在一种可能的实现方案中，多个候选编码参数可以仅有同样的一个码长度，此时的终端30在该固定码长度下通过使用不同的信息比特长度执行盲检测。或者在一种可替换的实现方式中，终端30可以从接入网设备20获得配置的码长度，即接入网设备20可以将编码使用的码长度通知终端30在该码长度下通过使用不同的信息比特长度执行盲检测。
但是，另一种更常见的情况下，例如图11和图14，都存在多个不同码长度。可以理解，由于码长度N不固定，通信系统性能更好。所述多个码长度可以是基于无线通信协议在终端30中预先配置的或由接入网设备20为所述终端30配置。此时，终端30需要针对多个码长度和每个码长度对应的不同的信息比特长度执行盲检测。
可选地，以上实施例中所述预设信息比特长度集合是进一步基于无线通信协议在终端30中预先配置的或由接入网设备20为所述终端30配置。通过以上方案，所述终端30和接入网设备20均可以掌握盲检测中所需的所述多个不同的码长度以及对应每个码长度的所述多个候选信息比特长度，即所述预设信息比特长度集合。不过在具体执行通信的时候，接入网设备20和终端30分别使用不同的编码参数，即接入网设备20可以按照无线通信协议的约定或按照其自身的配置执行极化编码，终端30按照以上实施例提到的方案，使用限缩的编码参数进行极化译码以降低复杂度。
随着5G技术的发展，功耗和通信延迟变得更加重要。采用本发明实施例所提到的极化译码方案，由于盲检测复杂度被降低，则可降低无线通信的延迟和功耗，更好的适应未来5G通信需求。示例性地，以上极化译码方案可以应用于5G控制信道的译码，例如应用于增强移动宽带(Enhance Mobile Broadband，eMBB)的控制信道中。示例性地，如图13所示，给出了一种基于极化码的无线通信过程的示意图。在S131中，接入网设备20对作为数据源的控制信息做极化编码生成极化码序列，且在编码中可以使用任一码长度以及预设信息比特长度集合中多个候选信息比特长度的任何一种，即在极化编码中使用多个候选编码参数。可选地，被编码的控制信息是eMBB控制信息。具体地，接入网设备20以多个候选编码参数为全集，从该全集中选择一个参数进行编码。尽管本实施例以编码控制信息为例做说明，可以理解，所述数据源也可包括或是接入网设备20发送至终端30的数据、或导频信息等其他通信信息。在S132中，接入网设备20在控制信道上向终端30发送极化编码后的控制信息，即由极化编码形成的极化码序列。在S133中，终端30使用基于嵌套特性做限缩后得到的多个编码参数，对接收的极化码序列进行基于盲检测的极化译码。因此在终端30的盲检测中，任一码长度所对应的所述至少一个第一信息比特长度数量少于接入网设备20所使用的多个候选信息比特长度的数量，即译码时使用的限缩的编码参数数量比编码时的候选编码参数数量小，相对性地译码复杂度被降低了。
本发明实施例提供的主要是如何简化盲检测复杂度的方案，并以终端为例做了说明。可以理解的是，其他需要盲检测的无线通信场景也可以使用该方案。在上述实施例中，相关方案的方案可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实 现。当以上提到的方法使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括多个计算机可执行指令，并被处理器所执行，例如可参考图9。在计算机或处理器上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本发明实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机程序产品可被存储在计算机可读存储介质中，例如图2中的存储器302。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是各种形式的非掉电易失性存储器、掉电易失性存储器、只读存储器、随机存取存储器、闪存、光盘、磁盘、或具有存储功能的服务器等。
在本申请所提供装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，图10中的单元划分仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统。各个单元相互之间的耦合可以是通过一些接口实现，这些接口通常是电性通信接口，但是也不排除可能是机械接口或其它的形式接口。因此，作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，既可以位于一个地方，也可以分布到统一个或不同设备的不同位置上。例如，图8、图12A或图12B中的极化译码器831和校验器833可以集成在一个电路、模块、或软件单元中。
以上所述仅为本发明的示例性的具体实施方式，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在以上实施例揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种极化译码的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取极化码序列；
    确定与所述极化码序列的码长度对应的至少一个第一信息比特长度；
    利用所述码长度和所述至少一个第一信息比特长度对所述极化码序列执行基于盲检测的译码；其中，
    所述至少一个第一信息比特长度是与所述码长度对应的预设信息比特长度集合中的一部分，所述预设信息比特长度集合中的其余部分是至少一个第二信息比特长度，所述至少一个第二信息比特长度被排除用于所述盲检测，且每个第二信息比特长度小于所述至少一个第一信息比特长度中的一个或多个信息比特长度。
  2. 如权利要求1所述方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个第一信息比特长度中的每个均大于所述至少一个第二信息比特长度。
  3. 如权利要求1所述方法，其特征在于，所述预设信息比特长度集合包括多个组，所述多个组中的至少一个组包括至少一个第三信息比特长度和至少一个第四信息比特长度，所述至少一个第三信息比特长度中的每个均大于所述至少一个第四信息比特长度；
    所述至少一个第一信息比特长度包括所述至少一个第三信息比特长度；
    所述至少一个第二信息比特长度包括所述至少一个第四信息比特长度。
  4. 如权利要求1至3中任一项所述方法，其特征在于，所述确定与所述极化码序列的码长度对应的至少一个第一信息比特长度包括：从所述预设信息比特长度集合中选择所述至少一个第一信息比特长度。
  5. 如权利要求1至3中任一项所述方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个第一信息比特长度是在执行所述方法的装置中预配置的。
  6. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述方法，其特征在于，所述码长度包括多个码长度；
    所述确定与所述极化码序列的码长度对应的至少一个第一信息比特长度包括：分别确定与所述多个码长度中每个码长度对应的至少一个第一信息比特长度；
    所述利用所述码长度和所述至少一个第一信息比特长度对所述极化码序列执行基于所述盲检测的译码包括：分别利用每个码长度和所述与所述每个码长度对应的至少一个第一信息比特长度对所述极化码序列执行基于所述盲检测的译码。
  7. 如权利要求1至6中任一项所述方法，其特征在于，所述多个码长度是基于无线通信协议在执行所述方法的装置中预先配置的或由对端设备为所述装置配置。
  8. 如权利要求1至7中任一项所述方法，其特征在于，所述预设信息比特长度集合是基于无线通信协议在执行所述方法的装置中预先配置的或由对端设备为所述装置配置。
  9. 如权利要求1至8中任一项所述方法，其特征在于，所述极化码序列由对端设备对数据源做极化编码生成，且所述预设信息比特长度集合在所述极化编码中被使用。
  10. 如权利要求1至9中任一项所述方法，其特征在于，所述极化码序列包括多个候选极化码序列；
    所述利用所述码长度和所述至少一个第一信息比特长度对所述极化码序列执行基于所述盲检测的译码包括：利用所述码长度和所述至少一个信息比特长度，以串行或并行的方式分别对所述多个候选极化码序列执行基于所述盲检测的译码，以分别得到针对多个候选极化码序列的多个译码结果。
  11. 如权利要求10所述方法，其特征在于，所述多个候选极化码序列中的至少一个候选极化码序列是由执行所述方法的装置对应的标识所加扰；
    所述方法还包括：使用所述标识对所述多个译码结果分别进行解扰，以识别属于所述装置的所述至少一个候选极化码序列对应的译码结果。
  12. 一种极化译码的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    获取模块，用于获取极化码序列；
    确定模块，用于确定与所述极化码序列的码长度对应的至少一个第一信息比特长度；
    译码模块，用于利用所述码长度和所述至少一个第一信息比特长度对所述极化码序列执行基于所述盲检测的译码；其中，
    所述至少一个第一信息比特长度是与所述码长度对应的预设信息比特长度集合中的一部分，所述预设信息比特长度集合中的其余部分是至少一个第二信息比特长度，所述至少一个第二信息比特长度被排除用于所述盲检测，且每个第二信息比特长度小于所述至少一个第一信息比特长度中的一个或多个信息比特长度。
  13. 如权利要求12所述装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个第一信息比特长度中的每个均大于所述至少一个第二信息比特长度。
  14. 如权利要求12所述装置，其特征在于，所述预设信息比特长度集合包括多个组，所述多个组中的至少一个组包括至少一个第三信息比特长度和至少一个第四信息比特长度，所述至少一个第三信息比特长度中的每个均大于所述至少一个第四信息比特长度；
    所述至少一个第一信息比特长度包括所述至少一个第三信息比特长度；
    所述至少一个第二信息比特长度包括所述至少一个第四信息比特长度。
  15. 如权利要求12至14中任一项所述装置，其特征在于，所述确定模块，具体用于从所述预设信息比特长度集合中选择所述至少一个第一信息比特长度。
  16. 如权利要求12至14中任一项所述装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个第一信息比特长度是在所述装置中预配置的。
  17. 如权利要求12至16中任一项所述装置，其特征在于，所述码长度包括多个码长度；
    所述确定模块，还用于分别确定与所述多个码长度中每个码长度对应的至少一个第一信息比特长度；
    所述译码模块，还用于分别利用每个码长度和所述与所述每个码长度对应的至少一个第一信息比特长度对所述极化码序列执行基于所述盲检测的译码。
  18. 如权利要求12至17中任一项所述装置，其特征在于，所述极化码序列包括多个候选极化码序列；
    所述译码模块，还用于利用所述码长度和所述至少一个信息比特长度，以串行或 并行的方式分别对所述多个候选极化码序列执行基于所述盲检测的译码，以分别得到针对多个候选极化码序列的多个译码结果。
  19. 如权利要求18所述装置，其特征在于，所述多个候选极化码序列中的至少一个候选极化码序列是由所述装置对应的标识所加扰；
    所述装置还包括：解扰模块，用于使用所述标识对所述多个候选极化码序列对应的译码结果分别进行解扰，以识别属于所述装置的所述至少一个候选极化码序列对应的译码结果。
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