WO2019039116A1

WO2019039116A1 - Battery pack

Info

Publication number: WO2019039116A1
Application number: PCT/JP2018/025814
Authority: WO
Inventors: 匡内藤; 正至仲元
Original assignee: 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社
Priority date: 2017-08-22
Filing date: 2018-07-09
Publication date: 2019-02-28
Also published as: JP7085555B2; JPWO2019039116A1

Abstract

Provided is a battery pack that is capable of rectifying a variation in temperature in a cell by uniformly warming the inside of the cell at the time of a low-temperature start and uniformly cooling portions between cells during high-temperature use. This battery pack is provided with: a laminate 20 that is formed by laminating a plurality of flat cells 21 having wide surfaces 21a and narrow surfaces 21b so that the wide surfaces 21a oppose each other; a heating means that is provided from the outer side of the laminate 20 oppositely to the wide surfaces 21a; and a cooling means that is provided from the outer side of the laminate 20 oppositely to the narrow surfaces 21b.

Description

Battery pack

The present invention relates to a battery pack used for in-vehicle applications and the like.

Conventionally, in the field of rechargeable secondary batteries, aqueous solution batteries such as lead batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries and the like have been mainstream. However, as the size and weight of electrical devices have been reduced, attention has been focused on lithium ion secondary batteries having high energy density, and their research, development and commercialization have been promoted rapidly. In particular, since prismatic lithium ion secondary batteries are excellent in volumetric efficiency when packed, expectations for development for HEVs or EVs are increasing. The demand for energization of such a lithium ion secondary battery is increasing year by year, but when a large current flows, it is necessary to suppress the heat generation of the battery. On the other hand, since the lithium ion secondary battery has a large resistance at low temperatures, it is necessary to warm the battery at low temperature start. Then, in the following patent document 1, the structure which warms or cools the battery pack in which the lithium ion secondary battery was accommodated is proposed.

JP, 2013-175360, A

The battery device structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 is configured to warm the narrow surface of the battery in the battery pack, for example, from the bottom side of the battery pack. However, although the battery device structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 can warm or cool the battery in the battery pack with a relatively simple configuration, if the narrow surface of the battery is warmed, for example, Because of the decrease in resistance compared to the unheated part of the part that warms the battery, the temperature variation causes more concern about deterioration promotion and lithium deposition.

The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the object of the present invention is to uniformly warm the inside of the battery at the time of low temperature start, uniformly cool between the batteries at high temperature use, and An object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack capable of improving temperature variations.

In order to solve the above problems, in the battery pack of the present invention, a flat battery having a wide surface and a narrow surface is laminated with a plurality of the wide surfaces facing each other, and the wide surface as opposed to the wide surface. It is characterized by comprising: a heating means provided from the outside of the laminate; and a cooling means provided from the outside of the laminate opposite to the narrow surface.

According to the present invention, by having the heating means provided from the outside of the laminate facing the wide surface of the battery, the inside of the battery is uniformly heated at the time of low temperature start and the narrow surface of the battery is opposed. By having the cooling means provided from the outside of the laminate, it is possible to uniformly cool the cells during high temperature use, so that the variation in the temperature in the cells can be effectively improved. It becomes possible to suppress deterioration and lithium precipitation.

Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be apparent from the description of the embodiments below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The external appearance perspective view of 1st Embodiment of the battery pack with a heating / cooling integrated plate by this invention. The disassembled perspective view of the battery pack shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the battery module shown in FIG. 2 without a bus bar case and a bus bar. AA arrow sectional drawing of FIG. The external appearance perspective view of the case body of the heating / cooling integrated plate integral type of 2nd Embodiment of the battery pack by this invention. The external appearance perspective view of the case main body of 3rd Embodiment of the battery pack by this invention, and a heating / cooling integrated plate. The external appearance perspective view of 4th Embodiment of the battery pack by this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present specification, descriptions representing positions, directions such as top, bottom, left, right, front, back, etc. are provided for convenience according to the drawings in order to avoid complicated explanation, and the positions, directions in the actual use state Does not necessarily mean

First Embodiment
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a first embodiment of a battery pack with a heat and cold integrated plate according to the present invention.

The battery pack 1 of the illustrated embodiment mainly includes a battery pack main body 10 having a substantially rectangular shape, and a heat and cold integrated plate (hereinafter simply referred to as a “plate”) 100 attached and fixed to the outside of the battery pack main body 10. Have. The battery pack main body 10 is provided with a case 14 as a housing constituted by a concave or box-like case main body 12 and an upper cover 13 which covers the upper opening of the case main body 12. In the illustrated example, the

HV terminals

16 and 17 are provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction (left and right direction) of the upper surface of the battery pack body 10. The

HV terminals

16 and 17 are external terminals, and by connecting an HV cable (not shown) to each of the

HV terminals

16 and 17, electric power is supplied from the battery pack 1 to an electric car, a hybrid electric car, an electric device, etc. Supplied. Further, in the illustrated example, the signal connector 15 is disposed on the side surface (front surface) of the battery pack body 10 in the lateral direction (front-rear direction). The signal connector 15 is a controller signal connector of the battery pack 1 and is connected to a vehicle-side controller (not shown) to receive information exchange and power supply.

The plate 100 attached to the battery pack body 10 is made of, for example, metal or resin having heat conductivity, and the heating path 101 for warming the battery 21 (see FIG. 3) from the outside and the battery from the outside. 21 has a cooling path 102 for cooling. More specifically, the plate 100 has a cross-section (cross-section perpendicular to the left-right direction) side-down L-shape, and a bottom plate (heating means) 106 made of a rectangular plate-like member and a rear portion of the bottom plate 106. It comprises a side plate (cooling means) 107 consisting of a rectangular plate-like member erected upward from the end, and a tubular heating path 101 substantially in the longitudinal center of the bottom plate (heating means) 106. And a tubular cooling path 102 is provided substantially in the center of the side plate (cooling means) 107 in the vertical direction. In the plate 100, the upper surface (wide surface) of the bottom plate 106 is in contact with the lower surface (of the bottom plate) of the case body 12 of the battery pack body 10, and the front surface (wide surface) of the side plate 107 is the case of the battery pack body 10 It is attached and fixed to the battery pack main body 10 so as to be in contact with the rear surface (of the rear plate) of the main body 12. In addition, attachment of the plate 100 with respect to the battery pack main body 10 can be performed with the appropriate attachment methods, such as bolt fastening and welding, for example.

Further, a heat insulation path (heat insulation means) 103 for heat insulation is provided between the heating path 101 and the cooling path 102 inside the plate 100. More specifically, the heat insulation path (heat insulation means) 103 is provided in the vicinity of the corner 108 formed by the bottom plate 106 and the side plate 107 of the plate 100 (along the left-right direction).

Further, in the present embodiment, the bottom plate 106 is provided with mounting portions (four mounting portions in the illustrated example) 104, and the battery pack is mounted on a vehicle such as an electric car or a hybrid electric car by, for example, fastening bolts. It is possible to fix one. The plate 100 also plays a role of a strength member in addition to the temperature variation suppression of the battery 21 described later, and thus contributes to the improvement of the durability of the battery pack 1 against the vibration of the vehicle.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the battery pack 1 shown in FIG.

A battery module 11 and a holder 19 containing electrical components are accommodated in a case main body 12 formed of a concave or box-like member whose upper portion is opened. In the illustrated example, two battery modules 11 are disposed laterally in the left-right direction on the rear side in the case main body 12, and the holder 19 and the like are disposed on the front side in the case main body 12.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the battery module 11 of FIG. 2 without the bus bar case and the bus bar.

As shown in FIG. 3, each battery module 11 has a plurality of flat batteries (for example, lithium ion secondary batteries) 21 each having a wide surface and a narrow surface, and basically, the width of the adjacent batteries 21 is wide. Layers are stacked vertically sandwiching a double-sided protrusion insulating plate 22 provided with protrusions for holding the batteries 21 between the faces (laminated body 20), and a single-sided protrusion insulating plate 23 is disposed at the upper and lower ends thereof. It is. A positive electrode external terminal is provided near one end of the battery 21 in the width direction (left-right direction), and a negative external terminal is provided near the other end. In the battery module 11, the battery 21 is disposed such that the wide surface is parallel to the ground, and the front and back surfaces (the wide surfaces of the adjacent batteries 21) face each other, and the positive and negative external terminals alternate. Stacked on the opposite side. The double-sided protrusion insulating plate 22 and the single-sided protrusion insulating plate 23 are made of, for example, a resin such as PBT (polybutylene terephthalate). The battery module 11 (the laminate 20 thereof) is housed in the case body 12 such that the wide surface and the narrow surface of each battery 21 face the inner surface of the case body 12 of the case 14.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the battery module 11, the wide surface (lower surface) 21 a of each battery 21 constituting the laminate 20 faces the bottom plate 106 of the plate 100 attached to the outside of the case main body 12. A narrow surface (rear surface) 21 b of the battery 21 is accommodated in the case 14 (the case body 12 thereof) so as to face the side plate 107 of the plate 100. In other words, the bottom plate 106 of the plate 100 faces the wide surface (lower surface) 21 a of each battery 21 constituting the laminate 20 via the case 14 (the bottom plate of the case body 12), and the side of the plate 100 The section plate 107 faces the narrow surface (rear surface) 21b of each battery 21 constituting the laminate 20 via the case 14 (the rear plate of the case main body 12), and the wide surface (lower surface) of each battery 21. A heating path 101 is provided at a position facing the face 21a (in other words, below the wide surface of the battery 21), and a position facing the narrow surface (rear surface) 21b of each battery 21 (in other words, the narrow surface of the battery 21) The cooling path 102 is provided at the rear of the

In the battery pack 1 having the above configuration, a temperature sensor (not shown) as a temperature measuring means is attached to the battery 21. For example, at low temperature start, the battery 21 is 0 ° C or less such as -30 ° C or -10 ° C. When used in a cold state, the battery 21 is warmed from the wide surface 21 a side using the heating path 101 provided in the bottom plate 106. More specifically, for example, when the value measured by the temperature sensor attached to the battery 21 is used at 0 ° C. or lower, heating is performed via a control device (control means) (not shown) or the like that has received the value. Passing the heat medium through the passage 101 or controlling the flow rate and temperature of the heat medium flowing through the heating passage 101 and heating the bottom plate 106 provided with the heating passage 101 (that is, operating the heating means) To warm the battery 21 from the wide surface 21 a side. Thereby, the temperature variation in the battery 21 can be suppressed, and current concentration and lithium deposition at the time of use can be suppressed. Further, the battery (battery at the lower end side of the laminate 20) 21c in which the wide surface 21a of the battery 21 is in contact with the case body 12 has a lower temperature than the batteries at other positions. By warming the battery 21c from the side, temperature variations among the batteries 21 can be more effectively suppressed. In addition to the method of passing the heat medium through the heating path 101 provided in the bottom plate 106 as described above as a means for warming the battery 21, for example, a means of using the bottom plate 106 itself as a heat plate is also considered. Although it does not limit to these.

In addition, for example, when using the battery 21 in a warm state of 50 ° C. or 70 ° C. or higher, the cooling path 102 provided in the side plate 107 is used to cool the battery 21 from the narrow surface 21 b side. . More specifically, for example, when the value measured by the temperature sensor attached to the battery 21 is used at 50 ° C. or higher, cooling is performed via a control device (control means) (not shown) or the like that has received the value. The refrigerant is passed through the passage 102, or the flow rate and temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the cooling passage 102 are controlled, and the side plate 107 provided with the cooling passage 102 is cooled (that is, the cooling means is operated). , Cool the battery 21 from the narrow surface 21b side. By thus cooling the narrow surface 21 b of the battery 21, the battery 21 can be uniformly cooled, and temperature variation in the battery 21 can be suppressed. The means for cooling the battery 21 is not limited to the method of passing the refrigerant through the cooling path 102 provided in the side plate 107 as described above. Further, when the battery 21 is cooled, the battery 21 c in which the wide surface 21 a of the battery 21 is in contact with the case main body 12 cools more easily than the other batteries because of the heat dissipation by the case main body 12. Therefore, in order to suppress the temperature variation between the batteries 21, the battery 21c may be warmed using the heating path 101 even at the time of low temperature as described above.

Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the heat insulation path 103 is provided in the vicinity of the corner 108 between the bottom plate 106 and the side plate 107 of the plate 100. In the case of performing the cooling, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the battery 21c from being lowered due to the heat transfer of the plate 100 by the heat insulation path 103 compared to other batteries. As a means of heat insulation of the heat insulation path 103, an air layer is provided in the heat insulation path 103 (that is, the heat insulation path 103 is made hollow), or a heat insulation material with low thermal conductivity is filled in the heat insulation path 103 (namely Although means, such as heat insulation path | route 103 itself is made into a heat insulation member, can be considered, it does not limit to these.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the bottom plate (heating means) 106 having the heating path 101 provided from the outside of the laminate 20 so as to face the wide surface 21 a of the battery 21 enables low temperature start time. The inside of the battery 21 is uniformly heated, and the side plate (cooling means) 107 having the cooling path 102 provided from the outside of the laminate 20 facing the narrow surface 21 b of the battery 21 is used for high temperature use Sometimes, since the batteries 21 can be uniformly cooled, the temperature variation in the batteries 21 can be effectively improved with a relatively simple configuration, and local deterioration and lithium deposition of the batteries 21 can be suppressed. Is possible.

Second Embodiment
FIG. 5 is an external perspective view of a case body of a heat and cold integrated plate integral type of a second embodiment of a battery pack according to the present invention.

In the battery pack 2 of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the case body 12 of the case 14 is integrated with the plate, and the case body 12 of the case 14 includes the heating path 12a, the cooling path 12b, and the heat insulation path. 12c is integrally provided. More specifically, the heating path 12a is provided on the bottom plate portion of the case body 12 (along the left-right direction), and the cooling path 12b is provided on the back plate portion of the case body 12 (along the left-right direction). The heat insulation path 12c is provided in the corner between the bottom plate and the back plate of the main body 12 (along the left-right direction). That is, in the present embodiment, the heating means (means for warming the battery from the outside of the laminate) in the first embodiment described above is applied to the case main body 12 of the case 14 accommodating the laminate of the battery module (see FIG. 3) And cooling means (means for cooling the battery from the outside of the laminate).

As described above, in the second embodiment, by integrally molding the case body 12 and the plate, the number of parts can be reduced, and cost reduction can be expected.

Third Embodiment
FIG. 6 is an external perspective view of the case main body and the heat and cold integrated plate of the third embodiment of the battery pack according to the present invention.

In the battery pack 3 of the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the plate 100 is installed inside the case main body 12 of the case 14, and the battery module (see FIG. 3) is provided on (the bottom plate 106 of) the plate 100. ) Is placed and fixed. In the illustrated example, the upper surface of the bottom plate of the case main body 12 is provided with a recessed groove 12d that constitutes the lower half of the heating path 101, and the front surface of the rear plate of the case main body 12 is a concave that constitutes the rear half of the cooling path 102. A groove 12 e is provided, and a recessed groove 12 f which constitutes a part of the heat insulation path 103 is provided at a corner between the bottom plate and the rear plate of the case body 12. Further, the lower surface of the bottom plate 106 of the plate 100 housed inside the case body 12 is provided with a recessed groove 111 which constitutes the upper half of the heating path 101, and cooling is performed on the rear surface of the side plate 107 of the plate 100. A recessed groove 112 forming the front half of the path 102 is provided, and a recessed portion 113 forming the other portion of the heat insulating path 103 is provided at the corner 108 between the bottom plate 106 and the side plate 107 of the plate 100. ing. Then, by disposing the plate 100 inside the case body 12, the tubular heating path 101 is defined by the recessed groove 12 d and the recessed groove 111, and the tubular cooling is formed by the recessed groove 12 e and the recessed groove 112. A channel 102 is defined, and the groove 12 f and the groove 113 define a tubular heat insulating channel 103. That is, in the present embodiment, the laminate of the battery module is accommodated in the case main body 12 of the case 14 and the heating means (means for warming the battery from the outside of the laminate) and cooling in the first embodiment described above A means (means for cooling the battery from the outside of the laminate) is accommodated, and the bottom plate 106 and the side plate 107 face the laminate of the battery modules without interposing the case 14 (case body 12 thereof) It will be.

As described above, in the third embodiment, heat transfer to the battery module more efficiently than in the above embodiment can be achieved by warming or cooling the battery with the inside of the case 14 (the plate 100 disposed in the case 14). Because of this, temperature variations in the battery can be efficiently improved.

Fourth Embodiment
FIG. 7 is an external perspective view of a fourth embodiment of a battery pack according to the present invention.

In the battery pack 4 of the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the bottom plate (plate that warms the battery from the wide side) 106 and the side plate (plate that cools the battery from the narrow side) 107 Are separately provided, and are attached to the bottom plate and the back plate of the case body 12 of the case 14 of the battery pack body 10 with gaps 109 therebetween. Each

plate

106, 107 is provided with the same heating path 101 and cooling path 102 as described above. In the illustrated example, the bottom plate 106 is attached at a position facing the wide surface of the battery constituting the laminate of the battery modules housed in the case 14.

As described above, in the fourth embodiment, the bottom plate 106 and the side plate 107 are separated into separate bodies with the air gap 109 between them, so that the heat insulation path in the previous embodiment is unnecessary. As a result, the structure can be simplified and the cost reduction such as the material cost can be achieved.

In the above embodiment, the wide surface of the case main body of the case and the wide surface of the battery face each other, but the wide surface of the battery and the plate for warming the battery face each other, and the width of the battery is The narrow surface and the plate for cooling the battery may be opposed, for example, the narrow surface of the case body of the case may be opposed to the wide surface of the battery.

Further, in the above embodiment, although the heating path, the cooling path, and the heat insulating path, each having a linear shape and a substantially circular cross section along the left-right direction, are provided on the plate 100 to the case main body 12. The shape of each path may be a curved shape, or the cross-sectional shape may be changed (for example, it may be changed to an elliptical shape, a polygonal shape such as a quadrangular shape, or the like). Further, it goes without saying that the positions, directions, etc. of the respective paths in the plate 100 to the case main body 12 can be changed as appropriate. Furthermore, it is needless to say that a plurality of paths may be provided in the plate 100 to the case main body 12 in order to warm or cool the battery more uniformly.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but includes various modifications. For example, the above-described embodiment is described in detail to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and is not necessarily limited to one having all the described configurations. Further, part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. Moreover, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for part of the configurations of the respective embodiments.

1 Battery pack (first embodiment)
2 Battery pack (second embodiment)
3 Battery Pack (Third Embodiment)
4 Battery pack (fourth embodiment)
10 battery pack body 11 battery module 12 case body 12a heating route (the second embodiment)
12b Cooling path (second embodiment)
12c heat insulation route (the second embodiment)
12d concave groove (third embodiment)
12e recessed groove (third embodiment)
12f recessed groove (third embodiment)
13 upper cover 14 case (housing)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 Signal connector 16 HV terminal 17 HV terminal 19 Holder 20 Laminated body 21 Battery 21a Wide surface 21b of battery 21 Narrow surface 21c of battery Battery 22 in contact with case main body 101 heating path 102 cooling path 103 heat insulation path (heat insulation means)
104 Mounting part 106 Bottom plate of heating / cooling integral plate (heating means)
107 Hot and cold integral plate side plate (cooling means)
108 Corners 109 of Hot and Cold Integral Plate (4th Embodiment)
111 Concave groove (third embodiment)
112 Concave groove (third embodiment)
113 Concave groove (third embodiment)

Claims

A laminated body in which a plurality of flat batteries having a wide surface and a narrow surface are stacked with the wide surfaces facing each other, a heating unit provided from the outside of the laminate facing the wide surfaces, and And a cooling unit provided from the outside of the laminate facing the narrow surface.
In the battery pack according to claim 1,
A battery pack, comprising: a housing that accommodates the stacked body opposite to the narrow surface and the wide surface; and the heating unit and the cooling unit are opposed to the stacked body via the housing.
In the battery pack according to claim 1,
A battery pack comprising: a casing for housing the laminate, the heating means, and the cooling means.
In the battery pack according to claim 1,
The battery pack which has a housing which accommodates the said laminated body, The said heating means and the said cooling means are provided in the said housing | casing.
The battery pack according to any one of claims 2 to 4
The battery pack, wherein the heating means and the cooling means are integrally provided, and a heat insulating means is provided between the heating means and the cooling means.
In the battery pack according to claim 5,
The battery pack, wherein the heat insulating means is a cavity provided between the heating means and the cooling means, or a heat insulating member provided between the heating means and the cooling means.
The battery pack according to any one of claims 2 to 4
The battery pack, wherein the heating means and the cooling means are separately provided with an air gap therebetween.
In the battery pack according to claim 5 or 7,
The heating means and the cooling means are plate-like members having a wide surface facing the laminate,
The plate-like member of the cooling means has a cooling path inside, and the refrigerant passes through the cooling path,
The plate-like member of the heating means has a heating path inside, and a battery pack through which a heat medium passes through the heating path.
In the battery pack according to claim 5 or 7,
The heating means and the cooling means are plate-like members having a wide surface facing the laminate,
The plate-like member of the cooling means has a cooling path inside, and the refrigerant passes through the cooling path,
The battery pack wherein the plate member of the heating means is a heat plate.
In the battery pack according to claim 1,
It has temperature measurement means for measuring the temperature of the laminate;
The battery pack wherein the heating means operates when the value measured by the temperature measuring means is 0 degrees or less, and the cooling means operates when the value measured by the temperature measuring means is 50 degrees or more.
A flat battery having a wide surface and a narrow surface is provided with a laminate in which a plurality of wide surfaces are opposed to each other, and heating means and cooling means provided on the outer side of the laminate.
The battery pack, wherein the heating means is provided to face only the wide surface, and the cooling means is provided to face only the narrow surface.
In the battery pack according to claim 1 or 11,
A battery pack comprising: temperature measurement means for measuring the temperature of the laminate; and control means for controlling the heating means and the cooling means according to the value measured by the temperature measurement means.