WO2019038568A1 - Appareil et procédé de traitement d'un fluide par ionisation - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé de traitement d'un fluide par ionisation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019038568A1
WO2019038568A1 PCT/GB2018/052423 GB2018052423W WO2019038568A1 WO 2019038568 A1 WO2019038568 A1 WO 2019038568A1 GB 2018052423 W GB2018052423 W GB 2018052423W WO 2019038568 A1 WO2019038568 A1 WO 2019038568A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
gas
treated
chamber
conduit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2018/052423
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Martin KUKLA
Rayne Wendy LONGHURST
Original Assignee
Air Quality Research Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Quality Research Ltd filed Critical Air Quality Research Ltd
Publication of WO2019038568A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019038568A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/4608—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods using electrical discharges
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
    • H05H1/2443—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes the plasma fluid flowing through a dielectric tube
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
    • H05H1/2443—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes the plasma fluid flowing through a dielectric tube
    • H05H1/246—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes the plasma fluid flowing through a dielectric tube the plasma being activated using external electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
    • H05H1/2443—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes the plasma fluid flowing through a dielectric tube
    • H05H1/2465—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes the plasma fluid flowing through a dielectric tube the plasma being activated by inductive coupling, e.g. using coiled electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
    • C02F1/4676—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electroreduction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46152—Electrodes characterised by the shape or form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/78—Details relating to ozone treatment devices
    • C02F2201/782—Ozone generators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/04—Disinfection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H2245/00—Applications of plasma devices
    • H05H2245/10—Treatment of gases
    • H05H2245/15—Ambient air; Ozonisers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for treating a fluid and particularly, but not exclusively, a liquid such as water or milk.
  • the present invention also relates to a dielectric barrier discharge device for use in apparatus for treating a fluid.
  • Wastewater treatment involves primary, secondary and tertiary processes to control particulate, chemical and bacterial matter.
  • the tertiary process involves use of ultraviolet (UV) radiation to control bacteria.
  • UV radiation ultraviolet
  • This process is relatively costly, both in terms of the cost of providing and replacing UV lamps and energy costs. As the process relies on absorption of UV light to destroy bacteria it is only effective in relatively clean water that can be penetrated by UV radiation.
  • Drinking water treatment involves the use of chemical additives, usually chlorine products or ozone, to control bacteria. Provision of chemical additives or oxygen feed gas in the case of ozone treatment is costly and chemical dosing can be difficult to manage, particularly for smaller volumes of water. Milk and other consumable liquids such as fruit juices are routinely heat treated, such as by pasteurisation, to control bacteria. Heat treatment is costly in terms of energy use and can adversely alter characteristics of the treated product. It is an object of embodiments of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for the treatment of fluids, especially liquids, which address problems with current processes.
  • apparatus for treating a fluid comprising: an ioniser for ionising a flow of gas having one or more outlets for ionised gas; the/or each outlet of the ioniser being connected to a chamber having one or more inlets and one or more outlets and a maximum cross-section transverse to a direction of flow between the/or each inlet and the/or each outlet, wherein the cross-section of the/or each outlet is smaller than the maximum cross-section; and gas flow means arranged, in use, to cause a gas to flow via the ioniser and the chamber and combine with the fluid to be treated thereby to generate hydroxyl radicals in the fluid and so treat the fluid.
  • the apparatus provides an energy efficient way of generating hydroxyl radicals in a fluid to be treated.
  • Hydroxyl radicals are a strongly oxidising species and effectively break down a wide range of organic, inorganic and biological materials in a fluid via what are generally known as advanced oxidation processes.
  • hydroxyl radicals When in a fluid, hydroxyl radicals will scavenge until they locate a material on which to discharge and thus, in contrast to the use of UV radiation, the process can be used for treating dirty as well as relatively clean fluids.
  • the gas or gases may be ionised in the presence of water vapour and/or ionised gas may be combined with water vapour prior to or during combination of the gas or mixture of gases with the fluid to be treated.
  • ionised gas such as but not necessarily ionised oxygen gas
  • ionised oxygen gas may react with water molecules to form hydroxyl radicals and other species.
  • Hydroxyl radicals continue to be formed in the fluid via a cascade effect that enhances the treatment for a constant delivery of ionised gas, therefore improving efficacy per cubic metre fluid treated compared to other ionisation species.
  • the apparatus may be arranged so that turbulence is created in the fluid to be treated when combining the gas or mixture of gases with the fluid to be treated. Causing turbulence in the fluid is thought, in the case of a fluid containing or being water, to facilitate formation of water vapour with which ionised gas may react.
  • the gas or mixture of gases preferably contains oxygen and is conveniently air. Thus, no costly feed gas is required.
  • the apparatus has been shown to work when using pure nitrogen and so presence of oxygen in the gas or mixture of gases is not essential. This is thought to be because dissolved oxygen in the fluid to be treated enables hydroxyl radicals to be formed, or that water molecules dissociated to allow formation of hydroxyl radicals.
  • the cross-section of the/or each outlet is preferably less than 20%, 10% or 5% of the maximum cross section.
  • the cross-section of the chamber preferably reduces gradually towards the/or each outlet of the chamber.
  • the chamber may be at least partially frustroconical. A gradual reduction in cross-section is believed to intensify the effect of ionised species in ionised gas as it passes through the apparatus, leading to improved generation of hydroxyls.
  • The/or each outlet of the chamber may lead to a conduit or container having a cross-section greater than that of the/or each outlet.
  • the cross-section of the conduit or chamber may be at least 1.5, 2, or 3 times that of the/or each outlet. There may be a discontinuous change in cross-section between the/or each outlet and the conduit or container.
  • the apparatus may be arranged so that, in use, ionised gas is combined with the fluid to be treated in the conduit or container, or, alternatively or additionally, in one or more outlets of the chamber.
  • the ioniser may be mounted to the chamber, and may form a wall of the chamber.
  • the ioniser may be mounted to a mixing device for combining ionised gas with the fluid to be treated, the ioniser and/or the mixing device at least partially defining the chamber.
  • the mixing device may comprise one or more conduits for carrying ionised gas and one or more conduits for carrying the fluid to be treated.
  • The/or each conduit for carrying ionised gas may terminate in a conduit for carrying the fluid to be treated.
  • the/or each conduit for carrying the fluid to be treated may terminate in a conduit for carrying ionised gas, thereby to facilitate combination of ionised gas with the fluid to be treated.
  • the mixing device is arranged so that, in use, flow of fluid to be treated causes a flow of ionised gas. This avoids having to provide a pressurised supply of gas.
  • the mixing device may comprise a conduit for carrying ionised gas which is positioned coaxially and terminates within a conduit for carrying the fluid to be treated.
  • the conduit for carrying ionised gas may at least partially define the chamber and could take the form of a funnel.
  • The/or each outlet of the ioniser may form the/or each inlet of the chamber.
  • The/ or each outlet to the ioniser and/or inlet to the chamber may have a cross-section smaller than the maximum cross-section. Where there is a single outlet to the ioniser or inlet to the chamber this may have a cross-section which is the same or substantially the same as the maximum cross-section.
  • the apparatus may comprise a reservoir for storing and supplying fluid to be treated by the apparatus.
  • the reservoir may be positioned so that fluid may drain from the reservoir and flow through the apparatus under gravity, so avoiding the need to pressurise or control the flow of fluid through the apparatus.
  • the ioniser may comprise one or more dielectric barrier discharge devices.
  • gas or mixture of gases may be caused to flow via the one or more dielectric barrier discharge devices and into the fluid to be treated.
  • the apparatus may comprise an alternating current power supply connected to the dielectric barrier discharge device(s).
  • the power supply may supply a substantially sinusoidal AC voltage.
  • the voltage may have a frequency in the range 15 to 50 kHz or 18 to 50 KHz.
  • the voltage may have a peak to peak value in the range 2 to 15 kV.
  • the power supply may be a resonant power supply.
  • the power supply may be arranged to vary the frequency of the supplied voltage until resonance with the dielectric barrier discharge device or devices is achieved.
  • the power output of the power supply may be selected as appropriate to the dielectric barrier discharges used. However, for a barrier dielectric discharge device having three electrode pairs an output of less than 150 watts, and preferably about 120 or 100 watts has been found effective.
  • each dielectric barrier discharge device may comprise a tube formed from a dielectric material housing an electrode and surrounded by an electrically conductive sleeve which forms a second electrode.
  • the gas or mixture of gases may be caused to flow through the tube.
  • the tube formed from dielectric material may be substantially cylindrical.
  • the dielectric material may be a ceramic and may comprise at least 95% or at least 99% alumina.
  • the electrode may extend over at least a part of the length of the tube and may be formed from wire such as titanium wire.
  • the electrode may be wound so that it extends adjacent to the inside surface of the dielectric tube.
  • the electrode may be generally helical.
  • the electrically conductive sleeve may extend, and may extend only, over part of the length of the dielectric tube.
  • the electrically conductive sleeve may be substantially cylindrical over a major part of its length, and its inside diameter may increase at each opposite end. This increases the distance between the edge, and in particular any sharp or angular edge, of the sleeve and the dielectric tube, and thus the electrode inside the tube. This reduces the risk of a preferential discharge taking place at these points which will reduce the efficiency of the dielectric barrier discharge device and/or lead to burning of the dielectric.
  • the outer sleeve electrode and dielectric tube have a length between 200 and 300mm.
  • the sleeve may have a length of about 250mm, and the dielectric tube 300mm.
  • the dielectric tube has an inside diameter of between 8 and 12mm, which may be about 10mm, and an outside diameter of between 13 and 17mm, which may be about 15mm.
  • the outer sleeve electrode has an inside diameter which is about 1mm greater than the outside diameter of the dielectric tube and a thickness of between 1 and 3 mm, typically about 2mm.
  • the apparatus may be arranged so that, in use, the point at which ionised gas and the fluid to be treated are combined is spaced from the ioniser by less than 70mm or 60mm and preferably by about 50mm. Greater spacing is found to lead to a degradation in performance of the apparatus.
  • the spacing is preferably measured between the point where ionised gas in intended to contact fluid to be treated and the nearest point at which ionisation is expected to occur. Where the ioniser comprises a dielectric barrier discharge device this can be taken to be the nearest point where there are overlapping differently charged electrodes.
  • the apparatus in particular the ioniser, may comprise a venturi device, and the gas or mixture of gases may be combined with the fluid to be treated in the venturi device. Alternatively or additionally the gas or mixture of gases may be forced into the fluid to be treated under pressure such as by a pump or blower.
  • the apparatus may be arranged so that, in operation, the volume flow rate of the gas or mixture of gasses is in the range of 40 to 140, and preferably 40 to 80 times that of the flow rate of the fluid to be treated. This is particularly applicable where the fluid to be treated is water or milk.
  • the apparatus may be arranged that the power supply to the ioniser delivers between 1 and 2 watts of power for every litres of gas or mixture of gasses that flows into the apparatus per minute.
  • the apparatus may comprise an inlet for receiving gas and a non-return valve permitting gas to flow into but not out of the inlet. This helps to prevent fluid to be treated and especially liquid from flowing into the ioniser.
  • a method of treating a fluid foodstuff comprising the steps of: ionising a gas or mixture of gases; and subsequently combining the gas or mixture of gases into the fluid foodstuff to be treated thereby to form hydroxyl radicals in the fluid foodstuff and so treat the fluid foodstuff.
  • the gas or mixture of gases may be air.
  • the gas or gases may be ionised in the presence of water vapour and/or the ionised gas combined with water vapour prior to or during combination of the gas or mixture of gases with the fluid foodstuff to be treated. Turbulence may be created in the fluid foodstuff to be treated when combining the gas or mixture of gases with the fluid foodstuff to be treated.
  • the foodstuff may be a liquid and may comprise water, milk, a milk product or fruit juice.
  • the method of the second aspect of the invention may involve the use of apparatus according to a first aspect of the invention, with or without any of its optional features.
  • a method for treating a surface or structure comprising: ionising a gas or mixture of gases; and subsequently combining the gas or mixture of gases into a fluid thereby to form hydroxyl radicals in the fluid, the fluid being in contact with the surface or structure to be treated.
  • a method for treating a surface or structure comprising: ionising a gas or mixture of gases; and subsequently combining the gas or mixture of gases into a fluid thereby to form hydroxyl radicals in the fluid and applying the treated fluid to the surface or structure to be treated.
  • the third and fourth aspects of the invention may also involve the use of apparatus according to a first aspect of the invention, with or without any of its optional features.
  • a dielectric barrier discharge device comprising a substantially cylindrical tube formed from a dielectric material housing an electrode and surrounded by an electrically conductive sleeve which extends over part of the length of the dielectric tube, wherein the electrically conductive sleeve is substantially cylindrical over a major part of its length and its inside diameter increases at each opposite end.
  • each opposite end of the electrically conductive sleeve its diameter may increase linearly with distance along the axis of the sleeve. Or it may increase non- linearly, in particular so that the inside surface of the sleeve adopts a convex shape towards its ends.
  • Each opposite end of the electrically conductive sleeve may be flared or rolled back.
  • the electrically conductive sleeve may comprise a metal tube.
  • the ioniser of the apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention may comprise a dielectric barrier discharge device according to the fifth aspect of the invention with or without any of its optional features.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram of apparatus for treating a fluid
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of apparatus for treating a fluid
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of part of the apparatus of figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a part cut away view of a dielectric barrier discharge device of the apparatus of figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of the venturi block of the apparatus of figure 2;
  • Figure 6 is a left side elevation of the venturi block of the apparatus of figure 2;
  • Figure 7 is a right side elevation of the venturi block of the apparatus of figure 2;
  • Figure 8 is a cross-section taken along the line A- A of figure 5;
  • Figure 9 is a plan view of an alternative block to the venturi block of the apparatus of figure 2, to realise an alternative embodiment of the apparatus;
  • Figure 10 is an under plan view of the block of figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is a cross-section taken along the line B-B of figure 9;
  • Figure 12 is a side view of another embodiment of apparatus for treating a fluid
  • Figure 13 is a vertical partial cross-section through the apparatus of figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is a transverse cross-section through the apparatus of figure 12 taken along the line C-C of figure 13;
  • Figure 15 is a side view of another embodiment of apparatus for treating a fluid;
  • Figure 16 is a vertical partial cross-section through the apparatus of figure 15.
  • the apparatus comprises an ioniser 1 comprising an electrode assembly capable of ionising a gas or mixture of gases (typically air) that is passed through it.
  • the electrode assembly preferably includes one or more dielectric barrier discharge devices each comprising a pair of electrodes separated by an insulating barrier (not shown in this figure). Respective electrodes of each pair are connected to opposite poles of a high voltage alternating current power supply 2 enabling a barrier discharge to be produced.
  • the electrode assembly 1 comprises an inlet 3 and an outlet 4 for gas.
  • the inlet 3 is connected to a non-return valve 5 which permits gas to flow into but not out of the inlet.
  • the non-return valve is optionally connected to a pressurised supply of gas, such as pump 6.
  • the outlet 4 is connected to a chamber 7 which communicates via an opening with an arrangement for combining gas flowing from the outlet with a fluid to be treated by the apparatus. This arrangement may be a mixing device, or a vessel or conduit 8 for containing such fluid.
  • the opening from the chamber is relatively small compared to the chamber.
  • the apparatus is sized so that the distance between the electrode assembly and the point at which ionised gas is combined with a fluid to be treated is about 50mm, whilst other distances are possible at distances much greater than this the efficacy of the apparatus reduces. This is thought to be because ionised species generated by the electrode assembly decay prior to reaching the fluid to be treated.
  • a gas preferably air
  • a gas is caused to flow through the electrode assembly from its inlet 3 to outlet 4 so that it passes over or through one or more dielectric barrier discharge devices comprised in the assembly and ultimately into the fluid to be treated.
  • Gas may be caused to flow by pressurising it at the inlet to the non-return valve 5, or by reducing the pressure at or downstream of the outlet 4.
  • the power supply 2 applies an alternating current between the/or each pair of electrodes in the electrode assembly 1 causing a barrier discharge between the electrodes. This causes ionisation of atoms or molecules of the gas flowing through the assembly and, pertinently, of Oxygen (0 2 ) molecules where the gas is air.
  • Ionised gas flows out of the outlet 4 of the electrode assembly into the chamber 7, which defines a volume in contact with a fluid to be treated via the opening from the chamber.
  • the fluid to be treated contains water (either as a liquid or vapour) this causes water vapour to be present in the chamber.
  • Interaction of ionized Oxygen with the water vapour results in the formation of hydroxyl radicals.
  • the hydroxyl radicals enter the fluid to be treated either as a result of the flow of ionised gas towards and into that fluid, or otherwise. Hydroxyl radicals are highly reactive oxidising agents and play a key role in the oxidative destruction of biological and organic pollutants using a series of processes collectively known as advanced oxidation processes.
  • hydroxyl radicals are highly effective against a series of pollutants including microorganisms (such as bacteria), pesticides, pharmaceutical compounds, dyes and when present in a fluid they scavenge until they find a microorganism or chemical compound upon which they can discharge and return to their preferred neutral state.
  • microorganisms such as bacteria
  • pesticides pesticides
  • pharmaceutical compounds such as antibiotics
  • dyes when present in a fluid they scavenge until they find a microorganism or chemical compound upon which they can discharge and return to their preferred neutral state.
  • Hydroxyl radicals will not only seek and break down pollutants in the fluid but also pollutants present on surfaces contacted by the fluid such as those of a container containing the fluid or structure immersed in the fluid.
  • the apparatus is particularly suited for the treatment of liquids, especially aqueous or substantially aqueous liquids such as water, milk and milk products.
  • aqueous or substantially aqueous liquids such as water, milk and milk products.
  • FIG. 1 Embodiments of the type of apparatus shown generally in figure 1 will now be described with reference to figures 2 to 16 in which like reference numerals have been used to identify components which correspond to those depicted in figure 1.
  • top, bottom, left and right and like terms are used to describe the apparatus in its illustrated orientation, which is the orientation in which it is intended to be used, but should not be taken to be otherwise limiting.
  • a first embodiment is illustrated in figures 2 to 8.
  • the apparatus comprises an electrode assembly 1 mounted to a venturi block 9.
  • the electrode assembly comprises an elongate, substantially cylindrical, acrylic outer tube 10.
  • Another suitable material for the outer tube 10 is glass.
  • a lower plug 11 formed from HDPE is fitted into the lower end of the outer tube 10.
  • the plug has a generally cylindrical portion which is received into the outer tube 10 with a close sliding fit. About half way along the length of the cylindrical portion a groove extends around the circumference of the plug and an o-ring (not shown) formed from a rubber or other suitable resilient material is received into the groove thereby to form a seal between the plug and the outer tube 10.
  • a radially projecting shoulder 12 is formed at the lower end of the plug which projects from the remainder of the plug by a distance substantially equal to the wall thickness of the outer tube 10.
  • Three substantially cylindrical bores 13 extend axially through the plug 11, the three bores being evenly spaced around the centre of the plug. Each bore comprises a counter bore extending from the upper surface of the plug substantially to the plane of the upper surface of the projecting shoulder 11.
  • a substantially cylindrical ceramic tube 14 is received into each counter bore in the plug 11 with a close sliding fit and an electrode 15 comprising a generally helical coil of titanium wire is disposed in each tube 14.
  • Each electrode 15 fits snugly against the inside surface of the ceramic tube 14 in which it is fitted.
  • the ceramic material preferably comprises at least 95% and more preferably at least 99% alumina.
  • a stainless steel sleeve 16 is fitted over each ceramic tube 14 with a close sliding fit.
  • the sleeves form a second electrode to each of the titanium wire electrodes 15 and together with the ceramic tube form a dielectric barrier discharge device.
  • the stainless steel sleeves 16 are substantially cylindrical over a major part of their length and are flared at each end over about 2 to 3% of their length so that their internal and external diameters increase slightly.
  • the upper plug is fitted into the top of the outer tube 10.
  • the upper plug comprises a HDPE plug 17 to the lower surface of which is fastened a stainless steel plate 18.
  • the plug 17 is substantially cylindrical and fits into the outer tube 10 with a close sliding fit.
  • Three counter bored apertures 19 extend through the plug with the counter bores extending from the lower side of the plug. These correspond to the counter bored apertures 13 in the lower plug.
  • a further counter bored aperture 20 is formed through the centre of the upper plug with the counter bore extending from the top surface of the plug. This aperture is for receiving a fastener (not shown), such as a screw, for securing the stainless steel plate 18 to the lower surface of the upper plug 17.
  • a further aperture 20 is formed through the plug for carrying an electrical conductor.
  • Three generally circular apertures extend through the closed end of the cap.
  • a tube 22 connects one aperture to a one-way valve 5 which is open to the atmosphere.
  • Electrical wires run through the other two apertures, through plugs or grommets which seal the apertures.
  • One wire electrically connects the titanium wire electrodes 15 extending in the ceramic tubes 14 and one pole of a power supply 2.
  • the other wire electrically connects, via the additional hole 20 in the upper plug, the stainless steel plate 18 and thus the stainless steel tubes 16, and the opposite pole of the power supply 2.
  • the power supply is a resonant AC high voltage power supply. It is arranged to supply a 4 kV (peak to peak) substantially sinusoidal voltage at various frequencies typically in the region of 15 to 50 kHz or 18 to 50 kHz until it establishes resonance with the electrode pairs formed by the titanium wires and stainless steel tubes. It has a power output of about 120 watts. Power supplies of this type are well known and so are not discussed in further detail here.
  • the lower part of the outer tube 10 is fitted into a counter bore 22 formed in a bore in the top of the venturi block 9.
  • the outer tube 10 and the projecting shoulder 12 of the lower plug 11 fit into the counter bore with a close sliding fit with the underside of the lower plug 11 resting on an inwardly projecting radial shoulder 24 where the counter bore meets the bore.
  • the remainder of the bore thus defines a chamber 7.
  • the diameter of the chamber is substantially the same as that of the outer tube 10 of the electrode assembly and about three times that of each aperture 13 through the lower plug.
  • a clamping piece 27 is fitted over the outer tube 10 and fastened to the top of the venturi block 9 with fasteners 28, such as screws.
  • the clamping piece 27 comprises a substantially square plate formed from HDPE through which a substantially circular aperture is formed corresponding in diameter to the counterbore 22 in the venturi block so that the piece fits over the outer tube 10 with a close sliding fit.
  • the edge of the cylindrical aperture to the side of the plate facing the venturi block is chamfered and an o-ring (not shown) is disposed around the counter bore 22 between the venturi block 9 and the clamping piece.
  • an o-ring (not shown) is disposed around the counter bore 22 between the venturi block 9 and the clamping piece.
  • the venturi block 9 is substantially cuboidal with elongate rectangular sides and square end faces.
  • a substantially circular inlet aperture 24 is formed in one end face of the block and a corresponding outlet 25 in the opposite end face.
  • a first substantially cylindrical bore extends from the inlet aperture a short distance to a first substantially frustroconical bore which decreases in diameter away from the inlet to join a second substantially cylindrical bore which extends to a second frustroconical bore which increases in diameter to join a third substantially cylindrical bore, of substantially the same diameter as the first, which extends to the outlet.
  • the second frustroconical bore extends over a greater length than the first.
  • the axis of the bore 26 is substantially at right angles to the axis of the second frustroconical part of the conduit 8.
  • the conduit 8 forms a venturi tube.
  • the point at which the cylindrical bore 26 meets the conduit 8 is about 50mm from the lowermost part of at least one of the Titanium wire electrodes 15 of the electrode assembly 1.
  • Flanged pipe couplings 29 are fastened to the end faces of the venturi block with fasteners 30 such as screws or bolts to enable pipes carrying fluid to be treated to be connected to the apparatus.
  • fasteners 30 such as screws or bolts to enable pipes carrying fluid to be treated to be connected to the apparatus.
  • suitable materials other than those specifically mentioned could be used to construct the apparatus.
  • those components formed from FIPDE and PTFE could be constructed from other high density plastics materials.
  • the apparatus In use the apparatus is connected to pipework or other fluid flow connections and a fluid to be treated is caused to flow through the conduit 8 in the venturi block 9 from the inlet to the outlet, such as by being pumped, and the power supply is activated to create a continuous barrier discharge between the stainless steel sleeve electrodes 16 and titanium wire electrodes 15.
  • Flow of fluid through the venturi block 9 causes a reduced pressure to form in the region of bore 26 which in turn causes air to be drawn in to the electrode assembly via the non-return valve 5, through the ceramic tubes 16 and into the flow of fluid via the chamber 7 beneath the electrode assembly. This combines the air and fluid together, the venturi block 9 acting as a mixing device.
  • this has the effect of introducing hydroxyl radicals into the fluid to be treated which serves to break down pollutants in the fluid as well as on surfaces of structures containing or contained in the fluid.
  • this embodiment is used to treat water or an aqueous liquid flow of the liquid through the venturi block creates some turbulence in the liquid which in turn contributes to generation of water vapour in the chamber 7 enabling hydroxyl radicals to form.
  • the decrease in cross-sectional area from the chamber 7 to the bore 26 serves to concentrate ions formed by the electrode assembly, increasing production of hydroxyl radicals.
  • the pressure of air at the inlet to the non-return valve 5 could be increased, for example by a pump or blower.
  • the flow of air into the non-return valve could be restricted, such as with the use of a valve.
  • the non-return valve prevents the flow of air or other fluid out of the electrode assembly and thus reduces the risk of fluid being treated flowing into the electrode assembly which would of course be particularly undesirable where the fluid is a liquid.
  • the apparatus could be scaled as appropriate to a particular application including altering the size and/or number of electrodes in the electrode assembly. Where the number of electrode pairs or electrode assemblies is altered a pro-rata alteration in the output of the associated power supply or power supplies should be made.
  • multiple separate sets of apparatus could be installed in series, or in parallel, in order to provide sufficient treatment capacity.
  • Apparatus could be arranged so that fluid to be treated passes only through one set of apparatus, or only once through any particular set of apparatus, or fluid could be recirculated through apparatus until a desired level of treatment has been achieved. For example, waste water in a holding tank could be continually recirculated through apparatus until pollutants in the water have been broken down to an acceptable level.
  • multiple sets of apparatus are located in series in pipework of processing equipment, such as dairy equipment, and the sets of apparatus are located sufficiently close together to treat both fluid flowing through the apparatus and the processing equipment.
  • the apparatus could also be used to treat solid objects by coating (such as by spraying) or immersing the solid objects in fluid treated by the apparatus, so that hydroxyl radicals in the fluid will react with pollutants on the solid objects.
  • Solid objects such as foodstuffs and medical and dental apparatus could be treated in this way.
  • FIG. 9 there is shown a fitting for use with the electrode assembly of the apparatus of figures 2 to 8 in place of the venturi block 9.
  • the apparatus comprises a generally square cuboidal block.
  • a counter bore 22 is formed in a bore in the top surface of the block for receiving the lower end of an electrode assembly 1 with its lower surface resting on the step 23 where the counter bore ends, thus defining a chamber 7 beneath the electrode assembly.
  • the end of the bore is closed save for a substantially circular aperture 26 of significantly smaller diameter than the counter bore.
  • the block is the same as the venturi block with the bore 26 opening out underneath the block rather than into a conduit.
  • the apparatus may be used by fitting an electrode assembly to the block, forming a seal between the outside of the electrode assembly and the counter bore, connecting the electrode assembly to a power supply 2, to an air supply, such as a pump or blower 6, optionally also to a non-return valve and immersing the underside of the block in fluid to be treated 27.
  • a power supply 2 to an air supply, such as a pump or blower 6, optionally also to a non-return valve and immersing the underside of the block in fluid to be treated 27.
  • the fluid to be treated is a liquid 27
  • the block should be immersed in the liquid so that the level of liquid is no higher than a predetermined distance below the step 23 in order to reduce the risk of liquid contacting the electrode assembly.
  • the power supply is activated to create a continuous barrier discharge between the stainless steel sleeve electrodes 16 and titanium wire electrodes 15 of the electrode assembly and the air pump causes air to flow through the ceramic tubes 14 into the chamber 7 and out of the aperture 26 into the fluid to be treated.
  • this causes hydroxyl radicals to be generated in the fluid to be treated, treating the fluid, as well as the surface of the container containing the fluid and any structures immersed in the fluid.
  • this embodiment is used to treat water or another aqueous liquid flow of air out through the aperture 26 into the liquid will cause some turbulence in the liquid leading to generation of some water vapour in the chamber 7 which will enable formation of hydroxyl radicals.
  • the flow of air out through the aperture 26 will also tend to prevent any significant ingress of fluid to be treated into the chamber, but in the case of an aqueous fluid some water vapour may find its way into the chamber. Fitting of a non-return valve 5 to the air inlet to the electrode assembly will help prevent fluid to be treated flowing into the chamber through the aperture 26 when the blower stops operating.
  • FIG. 12 there is shown another embodiment of apparatus for treating a fluid.
  • This apparatus comprises an electrode assembly 1 (shown only partially) which is substantially the same as that of the apparatus of figures 2 to 8 except that the lower FIDPE plug 1 la is not provided with a radially projecting shoulder around its lower outside edge. This allows the whole plug to be positioned within the lower end of the outer tube 10, so that the lower end of the outer tube extends beyond the lower surface of the lower plug 11a.
  • the electrode assembly 1 of this embodiment is received into a mixing device
  • the mixing device 31 comprises an elongate, substantially cylindrical acrylic tube 32, which could also be made from glass.
  • the tube is shown as transparent in the drawings for convenience, but need not be in practice.
  • a mixing block 33 is positioned in the tube 32, spaced from each opposite open end of the tube.
  • the mixing block is formed from FIPDE or some other suitable high density plastics material. It is generally cylindrical in shape with a channel 34 with a generally rectangular cross-section extending radially inwards around its circumference about mid-way along its length, the width of the channel being about one fifth of the length of the plug.
  • a cylindrical coaxial bore 35 is formed from the base of the plug.
  • Each aperture in the tube 32 is fitted with a grommet 38, or some other means for establishing a fluid tight connection with a conduit for supplying fluid.
  • the block 33 is sealed to the inside wall of the tube 32 by any appropriate means such as a close sliding fit, use of a sealant and/or o-rings positioned in circumferential grooves in the outside surface of the plug (not shown).
  • the lower end of the outer tube 10 of the electrode assembly 1 is also sealed to the inside of the tube 32, with the lower edge of the outer tube 10 abutting the top surface of the block 33 so that the bottom surface of the lower plug 1 la of the electrode assembly faces the frustroconical bore 36 in the block.
  • the two plug 11a and block 33, together with the inside wall of the outer tube 10 of the electrode assembly, define a chamber having a cylindrical portion and a frustroconical portion, the cross-sectional area of the chamber decreasing away from the electrode assembly 1.
  • an inlet to the electrode assembly is connected to an air supply. This causes air to flow through the electrodes and then through the axial bore of the plug 33 of the mixing device.
  • the power supply to the electrode assembly is activated to create a continuous barrier discharge between the stainless steel sleeve electrodes 16 and titanium wire electrodes 15 of the electrode assembly 1.
  • Pipes supplying fluid to be treated are connected to the apertures around the circumference of the tube 32 of the mixing device, via grommets 38. This causes fluid to flow into the channel 34 of the plug 33 and through the radial bores 37 into the axial bore of the mixing block where it combines with ionized gas flowing from the electrode assembly, and causes hydroxyl radicals to be introduced into the fluid to be treated.
  • the frustroconical bore 36 provides a part of the chamber with a cross-section that reduces gradually from near the maximum cross-section of the chamber to its minimum where it meets the cylindrical bore 35 which forms an outlet to the chamber. This gradual reduction in cross-section is found to provide improved production of hydroxyl radicals compared to the abrupt transition in cross-section between the chamber and outlet of the arrangements shown in figures 2 to 11.
  • the apparatus shown in figures 2 to 8 and 12 to 14 require the fluid to be treated to be supplied under pressure.
  • the apparatus of figures 2 to 8 may require a considerable amount of energy to be expended in pumping the fluid (especially a liquid) through the venturi block 9. This overhead may be reduced by careful design of the apparatus of figures 12 to 14 but with this apparatus flow of the fluid to be treated does not cause a low pressure region which draws air through the electrode assembly 1, so it is also necessary to supply air under pressure and to control the relative flow rates of air and fluid to achieve a desired result.
  • FIG. 15 and 16 there is shown yet another embodiment of apparatus for treating a fluid. This embodiment addresses the problems discussed above in relation to the embodiments of figures 2 to 8 and 12 to 14.
  • This embodiment employs the same type of electrode assembly 1 as that of the embodiment of figures 12 to 14, and in this example the inner ceramic tubes 14 were of inside diameter 10mm, outside diameter 15mm and length 300mm.
  • the outer stainless steel sleeves 16 were of inside diameter 16mm, outside diameter 18mm and length 250mm.
  • the lower edge of the outer sleeve 10 of the electrode assembly is received and sealed into the wide opening of a funnel 38.
  • the wide opening of the funnel is generally circular is cross-section with a diameter of about 50mm and forms a substantially cylindrical part of the funnel which transitions to a substantially frustroconical part of the funnel over which its inside and outside diameter reduces to about 10mm over a distance of about 35mm before transitioning to a second substantially cylindrical part which defines its narrow opening.
  • the lower face of the lower plug 1 la of the electrode assembly, the inner wall of the lower portion of the outer sleeve 10 of the electrode assembly and the inside surface of the funnel 38 together define a chamber. This has a substantially cylindrical region leading to a frustroconical region, its cross-section reducing away from the electrode assembly 1.
  • the inside diameter of the narrow opening of the funnel is approximately one fifth of that of its wide opening, and the opening is spaced approximately 50mm from the lower edge of one or more of the titanium wire electrodes 15.
  • the electrode assembly 1 and funnel 38 are positioned coaxially within a substantially cylindrical tube 39. This tube is fitted with a plug 40 which is sealed to the tube.
  • the plug 40 is substantially cylindrical
  • a frustroconical coaxial bore is formed through the plug 40, the diameter of the bore decreasing from the top to the bottom of the plug.
  • the funnel 38 is positioned coaxially with this bore and the bore and funnel 38 are sized, shaped and positioned so that the outer frustroconical wall of the funnel extends substantially parallel to the surface of the bore, the depth of the bore and the frustroconical part of the funnel being approximately the same.
  • the funnel 38 and bore together define an annular channel 41 with constantly decreasing internal and external diameters as the channel extends downwards through the plug 40.
  • a substantially cylindrical tube 42 with an internal diameter substantially the same as that of the narrower end of the frustroconical bore in the plug 40 depends from the bottom surface of the plug, forming an extension to the bore which extends beyond the narrow cylindrical part of the funnel by about three times the length of the narrow cylindrical part of the funnel. Over that length the two tubes define an extension to the annular channel 41 having constant internal and external diameters. Also depending from the lower surface of the plug 40 is an outer tube 43 of diameter greater than depending tube 42 but smaller than that of tube 39.
  • the tube may form part of a conduit or a container and may be provided with an overflow opening 44 in the side of the tube at a position below the lower end of the depending tube 42.
  • the funnel 38 may be supported by the electrode assembly which may in turn be supported on some suitable structure relative to the remainder of the apparatus. Alternatively or additionally the funnel may be supported by rods, webs or other structures extending between the funnel and the tube 39 and/or the plug 40.
  • the tube 39, together with the electrode assembly together form a generally annular reservoir 45 for fluid to be treated.
  • fluid to be treated is introduced into the reservoir 45 and the power supply to the electrode assembly is activated to create a continuous barrier discharge between the stainless steel sleeve electrodes 16 and titanium wire electrodes 15 of the electrode assembly 1. Fluid in the reservoir drains under gravity through the channel 41, and through the depending tube 42 into the tube or container 43.
  • the extension of the funnel into the depending tube creates a venturi with the result that flow of fluid from the reservoir to the tube 43 causes a reduction in pressure in the funnel which causes air to be drawn in to the electrode assembly via its non-return valve, through the chamber defined by the funnel and into the flow of fluid. This combines the air and fluid together, generating hydroxyl radicals in the fluid to be treated.
  • This embodiment avoids the need to provide either a pressurised supply of fluid or air.
  • the fluid will run through the device at an appropriate flow rate under gravity and will draw in a sufficient quantity of air when doing so (although air or another suitable gas or mixture of gases can also be provided by a forced supply if desired).

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil pour traiter un fluide comportant un ioniseur (1) doté d'une ou de plusieurs sorties reliées à une chambre (7) possédant une ou plusieurs entrées et une ou plusieurs sorties. La chambre a une coupe transversale maximale transversale à une direction d'écoulement entre la/ou chaque entrée et la/ou chaque sortie et la coupe transversale de la/ou de chaque sortie est inférieure à la coupe transversale maximale. Un moyen d'écoulement de gaz est conçu, lors de l'utilisation, pour amener un gaz à s'écouler par l'intermédiaire de l'ioniseur et de la chambre et pour combiner un gaz ionisé avec un fluide à traiter, ce qui permet d'introduire des radicaux hydroxyle dans le fluide, et ainsi de traiter le fluide. Des fluides, notamment des liquides contenant de l'eau, sont traités par l'introduction de radicaux hydroxyle générés par l'ionisation d'un gaz, notamment de l'air. L'ioniseur peut être un dispositif de décharge à barrière diélectrique possédant un diélectrique tubulaire (14) entourant une électrode (15) et, à son tour, entouré par un manchon électroconducteur (16) dont les extrémités peuvent être évasées, arrondies ou retournées. L'air peut être amené à circuler à travers le dispositif par une pompe, un ventilateur ou un dispositif à effet venturi (9).
PCT/GB2018/052423 2017-08-25 2018-08-28 Appareil et procédé de traitement d'un fluide par ionisation WO2019038568A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1713739.9 2017-08-25
GB1713739.9A GB2565852B (en) 2017-08-25 2017-08-25 Dielectric barrier discharge device and method and apparatus for treating a fluid

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019038568A1 true WO2019038568A1 (fr) 2019-02-28

Family

ID=60037180

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2018/052423 WO2019038568A1 (fr) 2017-08-25 2018-08-28 Appareil et procédé de traitement d'un fluide par ionisation

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2565852B (fr)
WO (1) WO2019038568A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220119290A1 (en) * 2020-10-19 2022-04-21 Desmond A. Fraser Microwave Non-Thermal Atmospheric Plasma UV-Assisted PFAS Decomposition & Bio-Contaminant Water Purification System

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3981743A1 (fr) 2020-10-07 2022-04-13 Jozef Stefan Institute Procédé et dispositif de désinfection de liquide

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993002354A1 (fr) * 1991-07-19 1993-02-04 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Procede et dispositif de detection de gaz
WO2004076052A2 (fr) * 2003-02-11 2004-09-10 Regents Of The University Of Minnesota Procede et appareil de pasteurisation non thermique de liquides pouvant etre injectes a des mammiferes vivants

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1689216A1 (fr) * 2005-02-04 2006-08-09 Vlaamse Instelling Voor Technologisch Onderzoek (Vito) Jet de plasma à pression atmosphérique
WO2007105330A1 (fr) * 2006-03-06 2007-09-20 Juridical Foundation Osaka Industrial Promotion Organization Generateur de plasma luminescent et procede de generation de plasma luminescent
CN101274213A (zh) * 2007-12-29 2008-10-01 大连理工大学 介质阻挡放电等离子体氧化/溶液吸收联合处理废气的装置及方法
CN101948161A (zh) * 2010-08-27 2011-01-19 金俊哲 水汽混合废水处理方法及装置
CN103910426B (zh) * 2014-01-28 2015-03-04 大连海事大学 一种用于居民区集中供水的饮用水消毒净化装置

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993002354A1 (fr) * 1991-07-19 1993-02-04 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Procede et dispositif de detection de gaz
WO2004076052A2 (fr) * 2003-02-11 2004-09-10 Regents Of The University Of Minnesota Procede et appareil de pasteurisation non thermique de liquides pouvant etre injectes a des mammiferes vivants

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220119290A1 (en) * 2020-10-19 2022-04-21 Desmond A. Fraser Microwave Non-Thermal Atmospheric Plasma UV-Assisted PFAS Decomposition & Bio-Contaminant Water Purification System

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2565852A (en) 2019-02-27
GB201713739D0 (en) 2017-10-11
GB2565852B (en) 2022-04-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9352984B2 (en) Fluid treatment using plasma technology
US4640782A (en) Method and apparatus for the generation and utilization of ozone and singlet oxygen
CA2942402C (fr) Systeme et procede permettant de traiter des hydrosystemes avec une decharge de tension elevee et de l'ozone
JP5884074B2 (ja) 液体処理装置及び液体処理方法
CN104211137A (zh) 一种等离子体水处理装置
CN211570217U (zh) 一种圆筒型dbd等离子体有机废液处理装置
WO2019038568A1 (fr) Appareil et procédé de traitement d'un fluide par ionisation
KR101918147B1 (ko) 플라즈마 수처리 장치
CN102211800A (zh) 高压脉冲放电等离子体水处理装置及方法
KR101984437B1 (ko) 플라즈마 수처리장치
WO2012147911A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de génération de plasma
RU173849U1 (ru) Плазмохимический реактор обработки жидкости барьерным разрядом
EP2692694A1 (fr) Dispositif de purification de l'eau des contaminants microbiens organiques ou chimiques
KR100902138B1 (ko) 오존을 이용한 폐수 정화 장치
Al-Jobouri et al. Design an ozone generator by using dielectric barrier discharge
CN109796096B (zh) 一种基于多阵列式微放电的直饮水处理装置及方法
RU2478580C1 (ru) Устройство для обеззараживания стоков электрическими разрядами
KR20070007811A (ko) 유기적으로 및/또는 생물학적으로 오염된 물 및/또는오염된 공기를 산소 이온으로 처리하는 방법 및 장치
RU2344835C1 (ru) Способ очистки, обеззараживания и обогащения жидкостей отрицательными ионами кислорода и устройство для его осуществления
RU2233244C1 (ru) Реактор для обработки жидкостей
KR101804979B1 (ko) 수산화라디칼 수 분사 장치
US20230242420A1 (en) System and method for water treatment with venturi plasma discharge
US11807555B2 (en) Method and device for disinfection of liquid
US20220174808A1 (en) System and method for plasma discharge in liquid
RU2174103C1 (ru) Способ очистки воды

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18792436

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

WPC Withdrawal of priority claims after completion of the technical preparations for international publication

Ref document number: 1713739.9

Country of ref document: GB

Date of ref document: 20200221

Free format text: WITHDRAWN AFTER TECHNICAL PREPARATION FINISHED

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18792436

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1