WO2019038356A1 - Alternatives fügeverfahren - Google Patents

Alternatives fügeverfahren Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019038356A1
WO2019038356A1 PCT/EP2018/072716 EP2018072716W WO2019038356A1 WO 2019038356 A1 WO2019038356 A1 WO 2019038356A1 EP 2018072716 W EP2018072716 W EP 2018072716W WO 2019038356 A1 WO2019038356 A1 WO 2019038356A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
molded part
fibers
sonotrode
fiber
surface pressure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/072716
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Niclas WIEGAND
Original Assignee
Sgl Carbon Se
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sgl Carbon Se filed Critical Sgl Carbon Se
Priority to US16/621,803 priority Critical patent/US20210138738A1/en
Priority to EP18759298.5A priority patent/EP3672785A1/de
Publication of WO2019038356A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019038356A1/de

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/64—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force
    • B29C65/645—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force using friction or ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B29C66/2422—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being circular, oval or elliptical
    • B29C66/24221—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being circular, oval or elliptical being circular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/302—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators
    • B29C66/3022—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
    • B29C66/3032—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
    • B29C66/3032—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30321—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of protrusions belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
    • B29C66/3032—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30321—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of protrusions belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30322—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of protrusions belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined in the form of rugosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
    • B29C66/452—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles the article having a disc form, e.g. making CDs or DVDs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7316—Surface properties
    • B29C66/73161—Roughness or rugosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7316—Surface properties
    • B29C66/73161—Roughness or rugosity
    • B29C66/73162—Roughness or rugosity of different roughness or rugosity, i.e. the roughness or rugosity of the surface of one of the parts to be joined being different from the roughness or rugosity of the surface of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/735—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7352—Thickness, e.g. very thin
    • B29C66/73521—Thickness, e.g. very thin of different thickness, i.e. the thickness of one of the parts to be joined being different from the thickness of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/746—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29C66/742 - B29C66/744
    • B29C66/7461—Ceramics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B29C66/81429—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73753—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being partially cured, i.e. partially cross-linked, partially vulcanized
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73755—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being fully cured, i.e. fully cross-linked, fully vulcanized
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/746—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29C66/742 - B29C66/744
    • B29C66/7461—Ceramics
    • B29C66/74611—Carbides; Nitrides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
    • B29C66/949—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
    • B29C66/9513—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools characterised by specific vibration frequency values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/16—Frictional elements, e.g. brake or clutch linings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/709—Articles shaped in a closed loop, e.g. conveyor belts
    • B29L2031/7096—Rings or ring-like articles

Definitions

  • the duration of the ultrasonic vibrations in step c) is 0.05-3 s, preferably 0.2-0.6 s, particularly preferably 0.3-0.4 s.
  • the second molded part is a fiber-reinforced thermoset or a fiber-reinforced ceramic.
  • the fiber reinforcement is selected from the group of carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers, highly crosslinked polymer fibers, cellulose fibers, basalt fibers or mixtures thereof, preferably carbon fibers.
  • Figure 3 shows in cross section a section of the structure of the alternative joining method
  • FIG. 5 shows schematically the roughness of a structured surface
  • FIG. 2 shows, in cross-section, the molded parts (1, 2) inserted in the holder (4) and the sonotrode (3) located above it.
  • FIG. 3 shows in cross-section a section of the molded parts (1, 2) inserted in the holder (4) and the sonotrode (3) located above it.
  • the molded part (2) has a structured surface (5).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft eine alternatives Fügeverfahren und der Verwendung des mit dem alternativen Fügeverfahren hergestellten Formteils in der Antriebs- und Verbindungstechnik.

Description

Alternatives Fügeverfahren Die Erfindung betrifft einen alternatives Fügeverfahren und der Verwendung des mit dem alternativen Fügeverfahren hergestellten Formteils in der Antriebs- und Verbindungstechnik.
Es ist bekannt Formteile, wie Reibbeläge und Trägermaterial mit einem Klebstoff, bei- spielsweise ein Reaktivharz, zu versehen und anschließend durch Druck und Temperatur miteinander zu verbinden, wobei durch die Vernetzungsreaktion die Formteile miteinander verbunden werden (DE10201 1018286A1 ).
Nachteilig dabei ist, dass zum einen durch den Klebstoff die Handhabung erschwert und der Prozess durch die Härtungsreaktion bei erhöhter Temperatur (>150°C) zeitauf- wendig ist. Zudem bringen Klebstoffe auch Sicherheitsrisiken mit sich.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist daher, ein alternatives Fügeverfahren bereitzustellen. Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren zum Fügen von Formteilen, wobei mindestens ein erstes Formteil ein Thermoplast ist und mindestens ein zweites Formteil ein Duroplast oder eine Keramik ist und das zweite Formteil eine strukturierte Oberfläche aufweist, durch folgende Schritte gekennzeichnet:
a) erstes und zweites Formteil in abwechselnder Reihenfolge gestapelt bereitstellen b) aufbringen einer Flächenpressung und Sonotrode in Ultraschallschwingung versetzen oder Sonotrode in Ultraschallschwingungen versetzen und aufbringen einer Flächenpressung, gelöst.
Durch das Verfahren werden die Formteile miteinander verbunden, ohne dass ein Kleb- stoff benötigt wird. Unter einem Klebstoff wird im Rahmen dieser Erfindung ein Werkstoff verstanden, der Fügeteile durch Fügehaftung und innere Festigkeit verbinden kann (DIN EN 923). Unter der strukturierten Oberfläche wird im Rahmen dieser Erfindung eine Oberfläche verstanden, die eine geeignete Oberflächenstruktur (z.B. Rauigkeit oder makroskopische Strukturen wie beispielsweise Pyramiden (siehe Figur 1 ) aufweist. Die Rauigkeit wird nach der VDI 3400 12-45 angegeben. Das zweite Formteil weist bedingt durch die Strukturierung als auch die Werkstoffauswahl Reibeigenschaften auf. Mit Hilfe einer Sonotrode, welche durch eine Flächenpressung auf beide Fügepartner (erstes und zweites Formteil) drückt, kommt es in Folge der Schwingung zur Erwärmung der Grenzflächen zwischen den Fügepartnern.
Durch die strukturierte Oberfläche des zweiten Formteils wird die Energie gebündelt, was zu einer gezielten Erwärmung im ersten Formteil führt. Bedingt durch die Erwär- mung steigt der Dämpfungskoeffizient im ersten Formteil (dem Thermoplast), was zu einer erhöhten inneren Reibung führt und damit mit einem beschleunigten Temperaturanstieg verbunden ist. Beim Überschreiten der Schmelztemperatur des ersten Formteils (Thermoplasts) kommt es zu einem Schmelzefluß in die strukturierte Oberfläche des zweiten Formteils, was zu einem Inneinanderkrallen beider Fügeteile führt. Nach dem Abkühlen und Erstarren der Schmelze sind beide Teile miteinander formschlüssig verschweißt. Durch eine geeignete Wahl der Prozessparameter kommt es zu keiner Beeinträchtigung der Reibeigenschaften der Funktionsfläche.
Vorteilhafterweise wird das Duroplast aus der Gruppe Phenoplasten, duroplastischen Polyurethanen, Epoxiden, duroplastischen Polyestern, Vinylestern und beliebigen Mischungen aus zwei oder mehr der vorgenannten Duroplasten besteht, bevorzugt Phenoplasten oder Epoxide, besonders bevorzugt Phenoplasten ausgewählt.
Vorteilhafterweise wird die Keramik aus der Gruppe der Siliciumcarbide oder der Koh- lenstoffe gewählt.
Vorzugsweise weist die strukturierte Oberfläche des zweiten Formteils eine Rauigkeit von Ra: 1 - 100 μπτι, Rk: 4 - 150 μηη, Rpk: 1 - 50 μηη und Rz: 20-300 μηη auf. Ra ist der arithmetische Mittelwert, Rk die Kernrautiefe, Rpk die reduzierte Spitzenhöhe, was einer gemittelten Höhe der aus dem Rauheitskernprofil herausragenden Spitzen bedeutet und Rz die gemittelte Rautiefe. Gemessen wird die Rauigkeit mittels Tastschnittverfahren nach DIN EN ISO 4287:2010. Bei einer zu geringen Rauigkeit, das heißt, bei Ra <1 μητι, Rk <4 μητι, bei Rpk <1 μηη und Rz < 20 μηη wird der Energieeintrag mittels Ultraschall nicht gebündelt. Dies hat zur Folge, dass das erste Formteil nicht erweicht wird und somit nicht in die Struktur des zweiten Formteils gedrückt werden kann, was wiederum bedeutet, dass eine unzu- reichende Haftung erzeugt wird. Darüber hinaus wird über die Dauer der Ultraschallbehandlung das zweite Formteil zerstört, wobei es sich um einen irreversiblen Prozess handelt. Eine weitere Folge ist, dass aufgrund der zerstörten Oberfläche keine definierten Reibeigenschaften mehr vorhanden sind.
Bei einer zu hohen Rauigkeit, das heißt, bei Ra >100 μιτι, Rk >150 μιτι, bei Rpk >50 μιτι und Rz > 300 μιτι passen die Formteile nicht mehr zusammen und es wird nur eine unzureichende Haftung erreicht.
Vorteilhafterweise weist das erste Formteil eine Dicke von <25 mm auf.
Bei einer Dicke von mehr als 25 mm ist ein Durchdringen des Ultraschalles unzu- reichend.
Vorzugsweise weist das zweite Formteil eine Dicke, von 0,1 - 2,5 mm, bevorzugt 0,2- 1 ,5 mm, besonders bevorzugt 0,3 - 1 mm auf.
Bei einer Dicke von kleiner als 0,1 mm wird das Handhabung als auch die Einstellung der Rauigkeit erschwert.
Vorteilhafterweise wird die Flächenpressung in Schritt b) durch die Sonotrode oder ein Widerlager aufgebracht. Vorteilhafterweise liegt die Flächenpressung im Bereich von 6-60 bar, bevorzugt 10-50 bar, besonders bevorzugt 40-50 bar.
Bei einer Flächenpressung von < 6 bar wird keine ausreichende Haftung erzeugt.
Bei einer Flächenkraft von > 60 bar können zwei Effekte auftreten. Zum einen kommt es zu einer Zerstörung des Reibbelages und zum anderen dringt der Reibbelag zu tief und inhomogen in das erste Bauteil ein. Vorteilhafterweise beträgt die Dauer der Ultraschallschwingungen in Schritt c) bei 0,05 - 3 s, bevorzugt 0,2 - 0,6 s, besonders bevorzugt 0,3 - 0,4 s.
Bei einer Dauer der Ultraschallschwingungen von < 0,05 s erfolgt kein Erweichen bzw. Anschmelzen des ersten Bauteiles. Es tritt somit nicht der erfindungsgemäße Effekt ei- ner klebstofffreien Haftung auf. Bei > 3s Dauer der Ultraschallschwingungen ist die Prozessstabilität nicht mehr gewährleistet.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das zweite Formteil ein faserverstärktes Duroplast oder eine faserverstärkte Keramik.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung weißt das faserverstärkte Duroplast einen Vernetzungsgrad zwischen 40 und 100 % auf. Bevorzugt zwischen 60-80 %.
Die Strukturierung der Oberfläche wird hierbei durch eine geeignete Auswahl des Faservolumengehaltes hervorgerufen, welches durch das Verhältnis von Faser zu Matrix beschrieben wird, dem Pressdruck während der Konsolidierung sowie die textile Archi- tektur.
Unter der textilen Architektur wird im Rahmen dieser Erfindung eine Leinwandbindung oder /und Köperbindung verstanden, wobei als Kett- und Schußgarn ein Zwirn mit einer tex Feinheit von 50-200 verwendet wird. Die Kett- und Schußdichte liegt im Bereich 7- 18 /cm liegen.
Vorteilhafterweise beträgt das Faservolumenverhältnis 35-55 %, bevorzugt 40-48%, besonders bevorzugt 44-46 %.
Vorteilhafterweise wird die Faserverstärkung aus der Gruppe Carbonfasern, Glasfasern, Aramidfasern, hochvernetzte Polymerfasern, Zellulosefasern, Basaltfasern oder Mischungen davon, bevorzugt Carbonfasern ausgewählt wird.
Das erfindungsgemäße hergestellte Formteile hergestellt kann als Reibelement in der Antriebs- und Verbindungstechnik verwendet werden. Vorteilhafterweise liegt die Einsatztemperatur zwischen -20 - 140°C, bevorzugt 10-50 °C, besonders bevorzugt 15-25 °C. Dabei darf für das Einsatzspektrum die Temperatur nicht über dem Schmelzpunkt des ersten Formteiles liegen bei zu niedrigen Temperaturen, d.h. unter der Einsatztemperatur folgt eine Delaminierung bedingt durch die Kalt- sprödigkeit des verfügten Bauteils.
Nachfolgend wird die vorliegende Erfindung rein beispielhaft anhand vorteilhafter Ausführungsformen und unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen beschrieben. Die Erfindung wird durch die Figuren nicht beschränkt.
Figur 1 zeigt im Querschnitt verschiedene makroskopische Strukturen der Oberfläche Figur 2 zeigt im Querschnitt, den Aufbau des alternativen Fügeverfahrens
Figur 3 zeigt im Querschnitt einen Ausschnitt des Aufbaus des alternativen Fügeverfahrens
Figur 4 zeigt im Querschnitt das Fügen der Formteile (1 ,2)
Figur 5 zeigt schematisch die Rauigkeit einer strukturierten Oberfläche
Figur 1 zeigt im Querschnitt verschiedene mögliche makroskopische Strukturen, wie Halbelipsen, Halbkreise, spitzwinkelige Dreiecke oder gleichseitige Dreiecke. Im Rah- men der Erfindung sind auch Kombinationen aus diesen makroskopischen Strukturen möglich.
Figur 2 zeigt im Querschnitt die in die Halterung (4) eingelegten Formteile (1 ,2) und die darüber befindliche Sonotrode (3).
Figur 3 zeigt im Querschnitt einen Ausschnitt der die Halterung (4) eingelegten Form- teile (1 ,2) und die darüber befindliche Sonotrode (3). Das Formteil (2) weist eine strukturierte Oberfläche (5) auf.
Figur 4 zeigt im Querschnitt, das durch die in Ultraschallschwingungen versetzte Sonotrode (3), das erweichte erste Formteil (1 ) durch die anliegende Flächenkraft in die strukturierte Oberfläche des zweiten Formteils (2) gedrückt wird.
Nach Beendigung der Ultraschallbehandlung erstarrt das erweichte Formteil (1 ) sofort, so dass das verfügte Bauteil sofort entnommen werden kann. Figur 5 zeigt schematisch die Rauigkeit einer strukturierten Oberfläche, wie sie mittels eines Profilometers gemessen werden kann. Die Rauigkeit kann über die Oberfläche stochastisch verteilt vorliegen. Nachfolgend wird die vorliegende Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert, wobei das Ausführungsbeispiel keine Einschränkung der Erfindung darstellt.
Ausführungsbeispiel :
Ein erstes Formteil mit den Maßen (Durchmesser innen: 20 mm Durchmesser außen:27 mm Dicke: 2,2 mm) und zweites Formteil mit den Maßen (Durchmesser innen: 21 mm Durchmesser außen:26 mm Dicke: 0,4 mm) wird unterhalb der Sonotrode gestapelt bereitgestellt, wobei das zweite Formteil unterhalb des ersten Formteils liegt. Das erste Formteil besteht aus Polyamid 6.6. Das zweite Formteil besteht aus kohlenstofffaserverstärktem Phenolharz. Die Sonotrode wird mit einer definierten Flächenpressung von 40 bar auf die gestapelten Formteile gefahren und anschließend für 0,2 s in Ultraschallschwingungen mit einer Frequenz von 30 kHz versetzt. Anschließend wird die Sonotrode von den Formteilen gefahren und die miteinander gefügten Formteile können entnommen werden. Sowohl die Reibeigenschaften als auch die Haftungseigenschaften sind mit denen eines geklebten Produktes identisch, aber die Prozesszeit konnte um 30 Dekaden verbessert werden.
Bezugszeichenliste
1 erstes Formteil
2 zweites Formteil
3 Sonotrode
4 Halterung
5 strukturierte Oberfläche des zweiten Formteils

Claims

Patentansprüche
1. Verfahren zum Fügen von Formteilen, wobei mindestens ein erstes Formteil ein Thermoplast ist und mindestens ein zweites Formteil ein Duroplast oder eine Keramik ist und das zweite Formteil eine strukturierte Oberfläche aufweist, durch folgende Schritte gekennzeichnet: a) erstes und zweites Formteil in abwechselnder Reihenfolge gestapelt bereitstellen
b) aufbringen einer Flächenpressung und Sonotrode in Ultraschallschwingung versetzen oder Sonotrode in Ultraschallschwingungen versetzen und aufbringen einer Flächenpressung.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Duroplast aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Phenoplasten, duroplastischen Polyurethanen, Epoxi- den, duroplastischen Polyestern, Vinylestern und beliebigen Mischungen aus zwei oder mehr der vorgenannten Duroplasten ausgewählt wird.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Keramik aus der Gruppe der Siliciumcarbide oder Kohlenstoffe ausgewählt wird.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass weist die strukturierte Oberfläche des zweiten Formteils eine Rauigkeit von Ra: 1 - 100 μηη, Rk: 4 - 150 μ, Rpk: 1- 50 μηι und Rz: 20-300 μηι aufweist.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Formteil eine Dicke von < 25mm aufweist.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Formteil, eine Dicke, von 0,1 - 2,5 mm aufweist.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flächenpressung in Schritt b) durch die Sonotrode oder ein Widerlager aufgebracht wird.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flächenpressung im Bereich von 6 -60 bar liegt.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch kennzeichnet, dass die Dauer der Ultraschallschwingungen in Schritt c) bei 0,05 - 3 s.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Formteil ein faserverstärktes Duroplast oder eine faserverstärkte Keramik ist.
1 1 . Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Faservolumenverhältnis 35-55% beträgt.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Faserverstärkung aus der Gruppe Carbonfasern, Glasfasern, Aramidfasern, hochvernetzte Polymerfasern, Zellulosefasern, Basaltfasern oder Mischungen davon ausgewählt wird.
13. Verwendung eines Formteiles hergestellt nach einem Verfahren gemäß der Ansprüche 1-12 als Reibelement in der Antriebs- und Verbindungstechnik.
14. Verwendung eines Formteils nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einsatztemperatur zwischen -20 - 140°C liegt.
PCT/EP2018/072716 2017-08-23 2018-08-23 Alternatives fügeverfahren WO2019038356A1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/621,803 US20210138738A1 (en) 2017-08-23 2018-08-23 Alternative joining method
EP18759298.5A EP3672785A1 (de) 2017-08-23 2018-08-23 Alternatives fügeverfahren

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017214778.4A DE102017214778A1 (de) 2017-08-23 2017-08-23 Alternatives Fügeverfahren
DE102017214778.4 2017-08-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019038356A1 true WO2019038356A1 (de) 2019-02-28

Family

ID=63364066

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2018/072716 WO2019038356A1 (de) 2017-08-23 2018-08-23 Alternatives fügeverfahren

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20210138738A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3672785A1 (de)
DE (1) DE102017214778A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2019038356A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230302706A1 (en) * 2022-03-23 2023-09-28 Takashi Tanaka Flow path forming device and extrusion molding device
CN115823151B (zh) * 2023-02-15 2023-06-20 西安超码科技有限公司 一种夹心结构的炭/陶刹车盘

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007055228A (ja) * 2005-07-28 2007-03-08 Kyocera Corp 樹脂−セラミック接合体、およびその製造方法
JP2011031392A (ja) * 2003-06-17 2011-02-17 Cabot Microelectronics Corp 光透過領域を有する研磨パッドを製造するための超音波溶接法
US20110232826A1 (en) * 2010-03-26 2011-09-29 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Production method for ceramic-resin composite
DE102011018286A1 (de) 2011-04-20 2012-10-25 Hoerbiger Antriebstechnik Holding Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Reibbelags und eines Reibelements sowie Reibelement selbst
WO2013185251A1 (en) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-19 Woodwelding Ag Method and device for reinforcing and/or lining material

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10313611A1 (de) * 2003-03-26 2004-10-07 Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung Der Emerson Technologies Gmbh & Co Flächiger Verbundkörper und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE102012221605A1 (de) * 2012-11-27 2014-05-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Verbinden zweier Bauteile und Bauteilverbund
DE102015214496A1 (de) * 2015-07-30 2017-02-02 Sgl Carbon Se Nassreibmaterial
US10035216B2 (en) * 2015-08-27 2018-07-31 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Method of joining multiple components and an assembly thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011031392A (ja) * 2003-06-17 2011-02-17 Cabot Microelectronics Corp 光透過領域を有する研磨パッドを製造するための超音波溶接法
JP2007055228A (ja) * 2005-07-28 2007-03-08 Kyocera Corp 樹脂−セラミック接合体、およびその製造方法
US20110232826A1 (en) * 2010-03-26 2011-09-29 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Production method for ceramic-resin composite
DE102011018286A1 (de) 2011-04-20 2012-10-25 Hoerbiger Antriebstechnik Holding Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Reibbelags und eines Reibelements sowie Reibelement selbst
WO2013185251A1 (en) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-19 Woodwelding Ag Method and device for reinforcing and/or lining material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3672785A1 (de) 2020-07-01
DE102017214778A1 (de) 2019-02-28
US20210138738A1 (en) 2021-05-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5883545B1 (ja) 繊維強化樹脂接合体、中間体及び締結棒
DE69531963T2 (de) System zur einfügung von bauteilen in verbundstrukturen
EP2581201B1 (de) Verfahren zur Bereitstellung Dickenrichtungsverstärkung eines geschichteten Materials
EP3086918B1 (de) Faserverstärktes duroplastbauteil mit funktionsschicht zum verbinden mit einem thermoplastbauteil
JP2007313778A (ja) 繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂複合材の接合方法
US20160297138A1 (en) Method for connecting a surface-structured workpiece and a plastic workpiece
WO2019038356A1 (de) Alternatives fügeverfahren
WO2016202877A1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung eines bauteilverbundes mit einem verbindungselement
EP3096935A1 (de) Verfahren zum fügen von faserverstärktem kunststoffmaterial
DE102014006681B4 (de) Vorrichtung zum Fügen flächiger Körper
EP3938174A1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zum imprägnieren eines faserbündels sowie verfahren und anlage zur herstellung einer dreidimensionalen struktur
DE202014003925U1 (de) Thermoplastischer flächiger Körperverbund und Einrichtung zum Fügen flächiger Körper
DE102015221967A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines naturfaserverstärkten Innenverkleidungsteils
DE102007010540B4 (de) Verfahren zum hochfesten Kleben von Bauteilen
DE102013111746B4 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines schlauchförmigen Halbzeuges aus einem Verbund-Schlauch aus thermoplastischen Matrixfasern und temperaturstabilen Endlos-Verstärkungsfasern sowie ein schlauchförmiges Halbzeug
EP2567805B1 (de) Herstellung eines Faserverbundbauelementes
EP3887129B1 (de) Verfahren zum verbinden von thermoplastischen verbundwerkstoffteilen 2
EP3642021A1 (de) Multi-material-verbund und verfahren zu dessen herstellung
DE102015119437B4 (de) Verfahren zum Herstellen eines faserverstärkten Verbundbauteils sowie faserverstärktes Verbundbauteil
JP2015175431A (ja) 樹脂製衝撃吸収部材及び車両用部品
JP5864038B1 (ja) かしめ部を有する繊維強化樹脂接合体、及びその製造方法
JP2007285330A (ja) リベット状締結部材の形成方法、リベット状締結部材及びリベット状締結部材形成用の中間素材
EP3626764B1 (de) Composite mit thermoplastischer matrix
DE102015109289B3 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Einbringen von Öffnungen in Faserhalbzeuge
DE102019132719B4 (de) Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Duroplast-Thermoplast-Verbunds

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18759298

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2018759298

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20200323