WO2019037637A1

WO2019037637A1 - High voltage power-off method for electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2019037637A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/100652
Authority: WO
Inventors: 吕玉华; 彭鹏
Original assignee: 上海蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority date: 2017-08-21
Filing date: 2018-08-15
Publication date: 2019-02-28
Also published as: CN109421542B; TWI765084B; CN109421542A; TW201914158A

Abstract

A high voltage power-off method for an electric vehicle, comprising: a first control unit starts a high voltage unloading program on the basis of non-receipt of any high voltage use request, and sends an alternating-current end insulation detection instruction to a motor controller; the motor controller sends an alternating-current end insulation detection request to a power management system; the power management system executes an alternating-current end insulation detection program; the first control unit sends a high voltage switch turn-off instruction to the power management system; the power management system executes a high voltage switch turn-off program; the first control unit sends an active discharge instruction to the motor controller; the motor controller executes an active discharge program.

Description

Electric vehicle high voltage power-off method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of electric vehicle technology, and more particularly to a high voltage powering method for an electric vehicle.

Background technique

Electric vehicles have gradually gained popularity. For the sake of battery life, saving electricity is one of the focuses of technicians in the industry.

Generally, in order to save power, in the absence of high-voltage power demand, it is expected that the electric vehicle will automatically execute the high-voltage power-off process; and when the appropriate wake-up source is found, it is expected that the electric vehicle can resume power-on from the high-voltage power-off state. .

However, based on the safety considerations of pure electric vehicles, after the high-voltage function of the electric vehicle is finished, some tests related to the high-voltage function are performed before or during the high-voltage power-off process to ensure that the electric vehicle can be safely powered off. It is expected by those skilled in the art. At the same time, once the wake-up source is detected, it is also desirable for those skilled in the art to enable the electric vehicle to resume power-up very quickly from the power-off state, thereby improving the user experience.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a high voltage power-off method for an electric vehicle that can safely power down the electric vehicle without causing any malfunction.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a technical solution as follows:

A high-voltage power-off method for an electric vehicle includes the following steps: a), the first control unit starts a high-voltage load unloading procedure based on not receiving any high-voltage use request, and sends an AC-side insulation detection command to the motor controller; b), The motor controller sends an AC insulation detection request to the power management system based on receiving the AC insulation detection command; wherein the motor controller includes an IGBT unit for converting the DC current output by the battery into an AC current required for the operation of the motor; c) the power management system performs an AC insulation detection procedure based on receiving the AC insulation detection request, and feeds back the first execution result to the first control unit; d), the first control unit receives the first execution result based on Sending a high voltage switch command to the power management system; e), the power management system performs a disconnection of the high voltage switch program based on receiving the disconnection of the high voltage switch command, and feeds back the second execution result to the first control unit; f), a control unit sends an active discharge command to the motor controller based on receiving the second execution result; g), The motor controller performs an active discharge procedure based on receiving the active discharge command and feeds back the third execution result to the first control unit.

Preferably, in step a), when it is determined that the first condition is satisfied, the first control unit sends an alternating current insulation detection instruction to the motor controller, the first condition comprising: the first control unit detecting that the bus current of the power management system is less than The first current threshold; or, the startup time of the high voltage load unloading program exceeds the first time threshold.

Preferably, step a) further comprises step a1): the motor controller disconnects the coupling between the IGBT unit and the output of the battery based on activation of the high voltage load unloading procedure and enters a standby mode.

Preferably, step a) further comprises step a2): the voltage conversion unit disconnects the coupling with the output of the battery based on the activation of the high voltage load unloading program and enters a standby mode, wherein the voltage conversion unit is for outputting the battery The high voltage is converted to a low pressure.

Preferably, based on the first control unit initiating a high voltage load unloading procedure, any one or more of the following modules enter a standby mode and issue a zero torque request to the motor controller: an air conditioner; a heater; and a condenser.

Preferably, the high voltage load unloading program further comprises: the first control unit detects the torque output by the motor, and if the torque is less than the first torque threshold, or the motor does not respond within the second time threshold, the first control unit instructs the motor to enter the standby mode.

Preferably, the step b) specifically comprises: the motor controller controls the IGBT unit to couple with the output end of the battery based on receiving the AC end insulation detection command, and sends an AC end insulation detection request to the power management system.

Preferably, the AC terminal insulation detecting program comprises: the power management system detects insulation of the first output end of the IGBT unit to the housing of the motor; and the power management system detects insulation of the second output end of the IGBT unit to the housing of the motor; And the power management system detects the insulation of the third output end of the IGBT unit to the housing of the motor.

Preferably, after step g), the first control unit further detects whether there is any low-voltage wake-up source; if not, the first control unit instructs the following module to store data and enter the hibernation module: a power management system; a motor controller; and, the voltage Conversion unit.

The high-voltage power-off method of the electric vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present invention performs some tests related to the high-voltage function before or during the high-voltage power-off process, thereby ensuring that the electric vehicle can be safely powered off, and the method is also In the case that any wake-up source is detected, the electric vehicle can be quickly restored from the power-off state to the power-on state, thereby providing an excellent user experience. The method does not need to introduce an additional detection circuit for the electric vehicle, which is simple and convenient.

DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart showing a high voltage power-off method for an electric vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 shows a circuit schematic of an IGBT cell in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the invention may be practiced without the specific details. In the present invention, specific numerical references may be made, such as "first element", "second device", and the like. However, specific numerical references should not be construed as obeying the literal order, but rather as "first element" and "second element".

The specific details of the present invention are intended to be illustrative, and the details may be varied, but still fall within the spirit and scope of the invention. The term "coupled" is defined to mean either directly connected to a component or indirectly connected to a component via another component, and may also include a connection by means of a wireless communication or the like.

Preferred embodiments of the method, system and apparatus suitable for implementing the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the various embodiments are described in terms of a single combination of elements, it is understood that the invention includes all possible combinations of the disclosed elements. Thus, if an embodiment includes elements A, B, and C, and the second embodiment includes elements B and D, the invention should also be considered to include other remaining combinations of A, B, C, or D, even if not explicitly indicated .

It should be noted that in an electric vehicle, at least the following units or modules exist: a vehicle control unit (VCU), a power management system (BMS), a motor controller (PEU), a motor, and a voltage conversion unit.

The vehicle control unit (VCU) can communicate with the power management system and the motor controller using a CAN bus or other suitable communication bus. The motor controller includes an IGBT unit for converting the DC current outputted by the vehicle battery into an AC current required for the motor to operate. The voltage conversion unit is used to convert the high voltage output of the battery to a low voltage to supply power to various control systems.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a first embodiment of the present invention provides a high voltage power-off method for an electric vehicle, which includes the following steps.

Step S10: The first control unit starts the high voltage load unloading program based on not receiving any high voltage use request, and sends an AC end insulation detection command to the motor controller.

Here, the first control unit may be a vehicle control unit VCU or any other control unit carried by the electric vehicle itself or coupled to the electric vehicle.

Specifically, as an example, in this step, the vehicle control unit (VCU) detects the presence or absence of the key signal keyon and whether there is a high voltage use request from the thermal management system. For example, if the key signal is keyoff, a high voltage usage request without a thermal management request, or a high voltage usage request ends, the VCU will initiate a high voltage load unloader. Conversely, the VCU will maintain its current state, not performing a high voltage power-down operation but continuing to provide high voltage to the thermal management system.

In the case of starting the high-voltage load unloading procedure, the motor controller chooses to disconnect the coupling between the IGBT unit and the DC output of the battery, so that the power supply of the battery is no longer supplied to the motor, thereby ending the current operation of the motor controller, the motor controller Enter standby mode.

As shown in FIG. 2, the IGBT unit may include six switches (VT1-VT6), the input end of the IGBT unit is coupled to the vehicle battery (denoted as a pair of U/2), and the output terminal is coupled to the equivalent resistor R and the inductor L. Motor. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that by orderly controlling the closing/opening of these switches, the DC current output by the battery can be converted to a three-phase alternating current.

As an example only, here, the coupling between the disconnected IGBT unit and the DC output of the battery can simply be operated as follows: all 6 switches (VT1-VT6) are disconnected, so that the battery is no longer to the motor powered by.

Similarly, the voltage conversion unit can also disconnect from the output of the battery and enter standby mode.

In addition, as a response to the activation of the high voltage load unloading program, a number of other modules of the electric vehicle will also enter a standby mode, for example, including a vehicle air conditioner, a heater, and a condenser; and, these modules will be issued to the motor controller Zero torque requests to indicate that they no longer require power distribution, which makes the power consumption of electric vehicles significantly lower.

Preferably, the VCU monitors the output torque of the motor. If the output torque is less than the first torque threshold (eg, 5 N.M), or the motor does not respond within a set time threshold (eg, 50 ms), the VCU will instruct the motor to enter standby. mode. In the standby mode of the motor, the motor does not turn off and can quickly return from standby mode to normal operating mode, and the motor only maintains a minimum power output.

As an optional implementation, once the VCU starts the high voltage load unloading procedure, the AC terminal insulation detection command is sent to the motor controller.

As a further improvement to the above steps, the first control unit sends an AC end insulation detection command to the motor controller only when it is determined that the first condition is satisfied, wherein the first condition includes: the first control unit detects The bus current of the power management system is less than a set current threshold (eg, 4A); or, the startup time of the high voltage load unloader exceeds a set time threshold (eg, 1 s).

Step S11: The motor controller sends an AC insulation detection request to the power management system based on receiving the AC insulation detection command.

In this step, after receiving the AC insulation detection command, the motor controller couples the control IGBT unit to the output end of the battery, and simultaneously sends an AC insulation detection request to the power management system.

Step S12: The power management system performs an AC insulation detection procedure based on receiving the AC insulation detection request.

In this step, after receiving the AC insulation detection request, the power management system performs the following operations to specifically implement the AC insulation detection procedure: detecting the first output end of the IGBT unit (shown as node A in FIG. 2) to the motor Insulation of the housing; detecting the insulation of the second output of the IGBT unit (shown as node B in FIG. 2) to the housing of the motor; and detecting the third output of the IGBT unit (shown as a node in FIG. 2) C) Insulation of the housing of the motor.

Specifically, to detect the insulation of the node A to the housing of the motor, the switch VT1 and other switches can be turned off, and only the switch VT4 can be closed. In order to detect the insulation of the node B to the housing of the motor, only the switch VT3 is closed and the other switches are opened. To detect the insulation of node C to the housing of the motor, only switch VT5 is closed and the other switches are opened.

After the AC insulation test procedure is executed, the power management system feeds back the first execution result obtained by executing the program to the first control unit.

In the case where the motor housing is not insulated at any of the nodes, the electric vehicle is at risk of short-circuit or leakage. At this time, for the sake of safety, the power management system will feed back the negative first execution result to the first control unit, and enter the fault power-off mode. At this time, the relevant fault is recorded, and the user is alerted to perform maintenance. In the case where each node is provided with insulation to the casing, the power management system feeds back the first execution result of the front face to the first control unit.

Step S13: The first control unit sends a disconnection high voltage switch command to the power management system.

In this step, the first control unit (as an example, here the vehicle control unit) receives the positive execution result (first execution result) fed back by the power management system, and sends a disconnection high voltage switch command to the power management system.

It should be understood that the power management system can employ various switching elements to control whether or not a high voltage output, such as a relay, a gate, a transistor, or a physical switching element. Here, by way of example only, the power management system uses a high voltage relay to control the high voltage output, and accordingly, the vehicle control unit can send a high voltage relay command to the power management system.

Step S14: The power management system performs a process of disconnecting the high voltage switch.

In this step, after receiving the command to disconnect the high voltage switch, the power management system will execute the process of disconnecting the high voltage switch (corresponding to the specific implementation of step S13, where the high voltage relay program can be disconnected), and the execution result ( The second execution result) is fed back to the VCU. Whether the second execution result is specific positive or negative will affect the execution of the subsequent steps.

Preferably, during the power-off process, if a high-voltage wake-up source is detected to recover, the VCU immediately returns to the previous working state, and then resumes the operation of the associated high-voltage accessory and the motor.

During the recovery process, when a high-voltage switch (such as a high-voltage relay) is restored from open to closed, if a serious fault occurs in the battery or the motor, the VCU can issue an emergency power-off request, thereby directly entering the high-voltage unloading state and skipping the insulation detection. , disconnect the high voltage switch and perform active discharge to quickly complete the high voltage power off.

During the recovery process, if a DCDC, IBS, etc. frame loss problem occurs after the high-voltage switch (such as a high-voltage relay) is powered on, the VCU will start to limit the torque output and gradually reduce the vehicle speed. When the vehicle speed is lower than a set value, it will enter the active mode. Discharge state, and skip insulation detection, open switch request and active discharge to prevent sudden loss of power during driving due to minor faults, and to complete high-voltage power-off operation as quickly as possible.

Step S15: The first control unit sends an active discharge command to the motor controller.

In this step, the first control unit (by example, using the vehicle control unit) receives feedback from the power management system regarding the result of executing the disconnection of the high voltage switch program (the second execution result), if the feedback result is positive, An active discharge command is sent to the motor controller to indicate that the motor controller is no longer required to output any control commands to the motor.

Step S16, the motor controller performs an active discharge process.

In this step, after receiving the active discharge command, the motor controller will execute the active discharge program and feed back the execution result (the third execution result) to the first control unit (such as the vehicle control unit), the first control unit. It can be used as the final result of the high-voltage power-down process.

When the active discharge occurs due to timeout (the vehicle control unit does not receive the execution result of the active discharge program within a time threshold), the DC voltage of the motor may still be higher than 60V. In this case, even this time There is no low-voltage wake-up source, and the VCU still needs to put the motor in an awake state and wait until the motor enters a passive discharge. When the DC voltage of the motor is lower than 60V, the motor and power management system can be hibernated, and finally the VCU enters the sleep state. This method can prevent the motor from sleeping, and the active discharge is performed by default to burn/damage the discharge device when the voltage at the DC terminal is still high.

As a further improvement to the above-described first embodiment, after the execution of the above step S16 is completed, the following steps are continued: the first control unit detects whether there is any low-voltage wake-up source; if not, the first control unit instructs the following modules to store data and Enter the hibernation module: power management system; motor controller; and, voltage conversion unit.

As an example, the low-voltage wake-up source has the following five types: LIN wake-up signal of 12V battery management system IBS, CC or CP signal of AC charging pile, CC2 or A+ signal of DC charging pile, network management frame of gateway CGW, KL15 signal of gateway .

It can be understood that the wake-up source detection performed after step S16 will be able to realize that once any wake-up source is detected, the first control unit will abandon the execution of the power-off operation, and can quickly perform the power-on operation, so that the user hardly feels A significant delay from the power-down state to the power-on state.

According to the first embodiment described above and its various improved implementations, some tests related to the high voltage function are performed before the actual power-off operation is completed, which can ensure that the electric vehicle is safer and underground, and at the same time, any wake-up source is detected. Under the electric vehicle, the electric vehicle can also recover from the power-off state to the power-on state very quickly.

The present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the above-described first embodiment and various improved implementations thereof Electrical method.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention and the appended claims.

Claims

A high voltage power-off method for an electric vehicle includes the following steps:

a), the first control unit starts the high-voltage load unloading procedure based on not receiving any high-voltage use request, and sends an AC-side insulation detection command to the motor controller;

b) the motor controller sends an AC end insulation detection request to the power management system based on receiving the AC end insulation detection command; wherein the motor controller includes an IGBT unit for converting the DC current output of the battery The AC current required to operate the motor;

c) The power management system performs an AC insulation detection procedure based on receiving the AC insulation detection request, and feeds back a first execution result to the first control unit;

d) the first control unit sends a disconnection high voltage switch command to the power management system based on receiving the first execution result;

e) the power management system performs a disconnection of the high voltage switch program based on receiving the disconnection high voltage switch command, and feeds back a second execution result to the first control unit;

f) the first control unit sends an active discharge command to the motor controller based on receiving the second execution result;

g) The motor controller performs an active discharge program based on receiving the active discharge command, and feeds back a third execution result to the first control unit.
The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step a), when it is determined that the first condition is satisfied, the first control unit sends the AC end insulation detection command to the motor controller, The first condition includes:

The first control unit detects that the bus current of the power management system is less than the first current threshold; or the startup time of the high voltage load unloading program exceeds the first time threshold.
The method of claim 1 wherein said step a) further comprises the step a1):

The motor controller disconnects the coupling between the IGBT unit and the output of the battery based on activation of the high voltage load unloading program and enters a standby mode.
The method of claim 1 wherein said step a) further comprises the step a2):

The voltage conversion unit disconnects the coupling with the output of the battery based on activation of the high voltage load unloading program and enters a standby mode, wherein the voltage conversion unit is configured to convert the high voltage output of the battery to a low voltage.
The method of claim 1 wherein any one or more of the following modules enter a standby mode and issue a zero torque to the motor controller based on the first control unit initiating the high voltage load unloading routine request:

Air conditioner; heater; and, condenser.
The method of claim 1, wherein the high voltage load uninstallation program further comprises:

The first control unit detects a torque output by the motor, and if the torque is less than a first torque threshold, or the motor does not respond within a second time threshold, the first control unit instructs the motor to enter a standby mode.
The method according to claim 3, wherein the step b) specifically comprises:

The motor controller controls the IGBT unit to couple with an output end of the battery based on receiving the AC end insulation detection command, and transmits the AC end insulation detection request to the power management system.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the alternating current insulation detecting program comprises:

The power management system detects insulation of a first output end of the IGBT unit to a housing of the motor;

The power management system detects insulation of a second output of the IGBT unit to a housing of the motor;

The power management system detects insulation of a third output end of the IGBT unit to a housing of the motor.
The method according to claim 8, further comprising, after said step g):

The first control unit detects whether there is any low voltage wakeup source;

If not, the first control unit instructs the following module to store data and enter the hibernation module:

The power management system; the motor controller; and the voltage conversion unit.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, performs the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.