WO2019033893A1 - 一种多物理耦合场空蚀装置 - Google Patents

一种多物理耦合场空蚀装置 Download PDF

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WO2019033893A1
WO2019033893A1 PCT/CN2018/096223 CN2018096223W WO2019033893A1 WO 2019033893 A1 WO2019033893 A1 WO 2019033893A1 CN 2018096223 W CN2018096223 W CN 2018096223W WO 2019033893 A1 WO2019033893 A1 WO 2019033893A1
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electrode plate
power supply
sample
field
light
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French (fr)
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程峰
武美萍
何雪明
吕彦明
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Jiangnan University
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Jiangnan University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
    • G01N3/567—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion by submitting the specimen to the action of a fluid or of a fluidised material, e.g. cavitation, jet abrasion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/001—Impulsive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
    • G01N2203/0236—Other environments

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of cavitation erosion in fluid machinery, and particularly relates to a multi-physical coupling field cavitation device for testing cavitation erosion resistance of sample materials, which can realize sample material when a plurality of physical field coupling effects are realized. Cavitation test.
  • Cavitation is the phenomenon of material loss caused by impacting the surface of solid materials when cavitation bubbles collapse. Cavitation is usually a serious hazard to hydraulic machinery such as hydraulic machinery pumps, valves, turbines, sliding bearings, and hulls. The more effective way to solve the cavitation problem is to improve the cavitation resistance of the material. Therefore, the experimental study on the cavitation resistance of the material becomes the key.
  • Common anti-cavitation test devices include vibration cavitation device, rotating disc cavitation device, cavitation tunnel test device, etc., which are mainly used to evaluate the cavitation resistance of standard sample materials.
  • the cavitation tunnel test device is mainly used to simulate the cavitation damage of materials in the pipeline.
  • the application of the rotating disc cavitation device and the cavitation cavitation device is more common, which is used to simulate high-speed rotating fluid respectively.
  • the invention overcomes the defects of the cavitation test device described above, and provides a multi-physical coupling field cavitation device, which forms a multi-physical coupling field of a sound field, an electric field, a light field and a magnetic field, and generates a surface on the surface of the sample.
  • a complex cavitation erosion, and the degree of cavitation is controlled by adjusting various physical field parameters to perform different degrees of cavitation tests on the sample materials installed in the physical field.
  • a multi-physical coupling field cavitation device which mainly comprises: a light field power supply, a magnetic field power supply, a cooling system, a ring electromagnet, a horn, a transducer, an ultrasonic power supply, a shield cover, an electrode Plate positive, electrode plate negative, electric field generator, water storage tank, distilled water, sample, container, point source, light-transmissive glass.
  • the end of the horn is provided with a sample, the sample is immersed in distilled water, the annular electromagnet around the distilled water, the electrode plate and the electrode plate negative, the point source, the transducer, and the external magnetic field power source are sequentially turned on,
  • the electric field generator, the light field power supply and the ultrasonic power source form a multi-physics coupling field of magnetism, electricity, light and sound in distilled water, and generate a complex cavitation damage on the surface of the sample.
  • the shielding cover is made of high-performance materials, which on the one hand isolates the influence of multiple physical coupling fields of magnetism, electricity, light and sound on the external working environment, and on the other hand can isolate the external environment from magnetic, electric, optical and acoustic.
  • the interference of multiple physical coupling fields ensures the accuracy of the cavitation test.
  • the cooling system is cooled by circulating water to ensure the constant temperature of the distilled water in the multi-physical coupling field by controlling the flow rate of the water circulation, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the cavitation test.
  • the physical parameters provided by the magnetic field power source, the electric field generator, the optical field power source and the ultrasonic power source are adjustable, and the magnetic field strength, the electric field strength, the optical field intensity and the ultrasonic frequency can be arbitrarily adjusted within a range of allowable physical parameters.
  • the magnetic field strength, the electric field strength, the optical field intensity and the ultrasonic frequency can be arbitrarily adjusted within a range of allowable physical parameters.
  • the multiple physical fields of the device of the invention can be controlled cooperatively or independently, the physical parameters are adjusted flexibly, and the thermostatic effect is good. After the test is completed, the sample is taken out, and the weight loss and cavitation pit morphology of the sample are respectively measured by using a high-precision balance and an electron microscope. .
  • the multi-physics coupling field cavitation device of the invention has simple sample installation, and can perform different degrees of cavitation damage test on the sample materials in the multi-physical coupling field by adjusting the magnetic field strength, the electric field strength, the optical field intensity and the ultrasonic frequency.
  • the cavitation effect is closer to the real physical environment cavitation, and is more suitable for the evaluation of cavitation resistance of low-cost small sample materials in multi-physical coupling fields.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a test apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 A multi-physics coupled field cavitation device, sample 14 is mounted at the bottom of horn 5, transducer 6 is mounted on top of horn 5, and sample 14 is immersed in container 13 carrying distilled water 12
  • the center of the bottom of the container 13 is provided with a light-transmitting glass 16 and a point light source 15.
  • the top and bottom of the container 13 are respectively provided with a positive electrode plate 9 and a negative electrode plate 17, and a ring-shaped electromagnet 4 is mounted around the container 13
  • the periphery of the iron 4 is provided with a cooling system 3, and the whole device is placed in the shielding cover 8.
  • the outside of the shielding cover 8 is further provided with a light field power source 1, a magnetic field power source 2, an ultrasonic power source 7, an electric field generator 10 and a water storage tank 11,
  • the light field power source 1 is connected to the point light source 15, the magnetic field power source 2 is connected to the ring electromagnet 4, the ultrasonic power source 7 is connected to the transducer 6, the positive electrode plate 9 and the negative electrode plate 17 are connected to the electric field generator 10, and the cooling system 3 is connected to the water storage tank 11 .
  • the cavitation test first, the water in the water storage tank 11 is pumped into the cooling system 3, and the entire cavitation device is cooled and temperature-controlled, and then the light field power source 1, the magnetic field power source 2, and the electric field generator 10 are sequentially supplied with power, in the container 13 A plurality of physical coupling fields are formed in the distilled water 12, and the ultrasonic power source 7 supplies power, and the sample 14 driven by the transducer 6 at the bottom of the horn 5 is ultrasonically vibrated in the distilled water 12, and finally the sample in the multi-physics coupling field The surface has formed cavitation damage. After a certain period of cavitation test, the power is turned off, and the sample 14 at the bottom of the horn 5 is taken out for analysis and testing.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

一种多物理耦合场空蚀装置，包括光场电源（1）、磁场电源（2）、冷却系统（3）、环形电磁铁（4）、变幅杆（5）、换能器（6）、超声电源（7）、屏蔽罩（8）、正电极板（9）、负电极板（17）、电场发生器（10）、储水箱（11）、蒸馏水（12）、试样（14）、容器（13）、点光源（15）和透光玻璃（16），变幅杆（5）底部设置有试样（14），试样（14）被浸没于蒸馏水（12）中，依次导通外部的磁场电源（2）、电场发生器（10）、光场电源（1）和超声电源（7），蒸馏水（12）四周的环形电磁铁（4）、正电极板（9）和负电极板（17）、点光源（15）、换能器（6）在蒸馏水（12）中形成磁、电、光和声的多物理耦合场，并在试样（14）表面产生一种复杂的空蚀，该装置的多个物理场可协同或独立控制，通过调节磁场强度、电场强度、光场强度和超声频率，能对试样材料进行不同程度的空蚀试验，适宜于小试样材料的抗空蚀性能评价试验。

Description

一种多物理耦合场空蚀装置 技术领域
本发明属于流体机械中的空蚀技术领域，具体涉及一种用于试样材料抗空蚀性能测试的多物理耦合场空蚀装置，能实现多种物理场耦合作用时，对试样材料进行空蚀试验。
 背景技术
空蚀是指空化气泡溃灭时冲击固体材料表面造成材料损失的现象，空蚀通常会对水利机械泵、阀、水轮机、滑动轴承、船体等水利机械产生严重危害。解决空蚀问题比较有效的途径是提高材料的抗空蚀能力，因此材料的抗空蚀性能试验研究成为关键。
常见的抗空蚀试验装置包括振动空蚀装置、旋转圆盘空蚀装置、空化隧洞试验装置等，主要用于对标准试样材料的抗空蚀性能进行评价。其中，空化隧洞试验装置主要用于模拟管道内流体对材料的空蚀破坏，相比之下，旋转圆盘空蚀装置与振动空蚀装置的应用更为普遍，分别用于模拟高速旋转流体机械和高频振动工况下材料抗空蚀的试样试验研究。
 技术问题
然而，真实的工作环境中，空蚀周围常常分布有电子设备、光源、振动声源、磁性材料等，因此，声场、电场、光场、磁场的多物理耦合场作用不容忽略，而传统的旋转圆盘空蚀装置与振动空蚀装置无法满足多物理耦合场空蚀试验的要求。
 技术解决方案
本发明克服了上述空蚀试验装置存在的缺陷，提供了一种多物理耦合场空蚀装置，该装置形成了声场、电场、光场、磁场的多物理耦合场作用，在试样表面产生一种复杂的空蚀，并通过调节各个物理场参数控制空化程度，以对物理场中安装的试样材料进行不同程度的空蚀试验。
本发明采用的技术方案为：一种多物理耦合场空蚀装置，主要包括：光场电源、磁场电源、冷却系统、环形电磁铁、变幅杆、换能器、超声电源、屏蔽罩、电极板正、电极板负、电场发生器、储水箱、蒸馏水、试样、容器、点光源、透光玻璃。所述变幅杆的端部设置有试样，试样被浸没于蒸馏水中，蒸馏水四周的环形电磁铁、电极板正和电极板负、点光源、换能器，依次导通外部的磁场电源、电场发生器、光场电源和超声电源，以在蒸馏水中形成磁、电、光和声的多物理耦合场，并在试样表面产生一种复杂的空蚀破坏。
作为优选，所述屏蔽罩采用高性能材料，一方面隔绝磁、电、光和声的多物理耦合场对外界工作环境的影响，另一方面可以隔绝外界环境对磁、电、光和声的多物理耦合场的干扰，从而保证空蚀试验的准确性。
作为优选，所述冷却系统，采用循环水冷却，通过控制水循环的流量来保证多物理耦合场中蒸馏水的恒温，从而保证空蚀试验的准确性。
作为优选，所述磁场电源、电场发生器、光场电源和超声电源提供的物理参数可调，可以在允许的物理参数范围内，任意调节磁场强度、电场强度、光场强度和超声频率的大小，以对蒸馏水中的测试试样造成不同程度的空蚀破坏。
本发明装置的多个物理场可协同或独立控制，物理参数调整灵活，恒温效果良好，试验毕后，取出试样，采用高精度天平和电镜，分别测量试样的失重和空蚀坑形貌。
 有益效果
本发明的多物理耦合场空蚀装置，试样安装简便，通过调节磁场强度、电场强度、光场强度和超声频率，能对多物理耦合场中的试样材料进行不同程度的空蚀破坏试验，其空蚀效果更接近真实的物理环境空蚀，更适宜于多物理耦合场中低成本小试样材料的抗空蚀性能评价试验。
 附图说明
图1为本发明试验装置的结构示意图。
【附图符号说明】1.光场电源；2.磁场电源；3.冷却系统；4. 环形电磁铁；5.变幅杆；6.换能器；7.超声电源；8.屏蔽罩；9.正电极板；10.电场发生器；11.储水箱；12.蒸馏水；13.容器；14.试样；15.点光源；16.透光玻璃；17.负电极板。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
如图1：一种多物理耦合场空蚀装置，试样14安装在变幅杆5的底部，换能器6安装在变幅杆5顶部，试样14沉浸在载有蒸馏水12的容器13中，容器13的底部中心安装有透光玻璃16和点光源15，容器13的顶部和底部分别设置有正电极板9和负电极板17，容器13的四周安装有环形电磁铁4，环形电磁铁4的外围设置有冷却系统3，整套装置被放置在屏蔽罩8中，屏蔽罩8的外部还设置有光场电源1、磁场电源2、超声电源7、电场发生器10和储水箱11，其中光场电源1连接点光源15，磁场电源2连接环形电磁铁4，超声电源7连接换能器6, 正电极板9和负电极板17连接电场发生器10,冷却系统3连接储水箱11。
空蚀试验时，首先，储水箱11中的水被泵入冷却系统3，对整套空蚀装置进行冷却控温，然后光场电源1、磁场电源2和电场发生器10依次供电，在容器13内的蒸馏水12中形成多物理耦合场，同时超声电源7供电，通过换能器6驱动变幅杆5底部的试样14在蒸馏水12中发生超声振动，最终在多物理耦合场中的试样表面形成了空蚀破坏，经过一定时间的空蚀试验后，关闭电源，取出变幅杆5底部的试样14进行分析测试。

Claims (2)

  1. 一种多物理耦合场空蚀装置，包括：光场电源、磁场电源、冷却系统、环形电磁铁、变幅杆、换能器、超声电源、屏蔽罩、电极板正、电极板负、电场发生器、储水箱、蒸馏水、试样、容器、点光源、透光玻璃，所述试样安装在变幅杆的底部，所述换能器安装在变幅杆的顶部，所述试样沉浸在载有蒸馏水的容器中，所述容器的底部中心安装有透光玻璃和点光源，所述容器的顶部和底部分别设置有正电极板和负电极板，所述容器的四周安装有环形电磁铁，所述环形电磁铁的外围设置有冷却系统，所述冷却系统连接储水箱，所述光场电源连接点光源，所述磁场电源连接环形电磁铁，所述超声电源连接换能器, 所述正电极板和所述负电极板连接电场发生器。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多物理耦合场空蚀装置，其特征在于：所述的环形电磁铁、电极板正和电极板负、点光源、换能器，依次导通外部的磁场电源、电场发生器、光场电源、超声电源，在蒸馏水中形成磁、电、光和声的多物理耦合场，并在多物理耦合场作用下对试样表面产生一种复杂的空蚀破坏；所述磁场电源、电场发生器、光场电源和超声电源提供的物理参数可调，可以在允许的物理参数范围内，任意调节磁场强度、电场强度、光场强度和超声频率的大小，以对蒸馏水中的测试试样造成不同程度的空蚀破坏。
PCT/CN2018/096223 2017-08-16 2018-07-19 一种多物理耦合场空蚀装置 Ceased WO2019033893A1 (zh)

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CN205193017U (zh) * 2015-10-15 2016-04-27 河海大学 一种磁致伸缩空蚀仪
CN105301199A (zh) * 2015-11-11 2016-02-03 北京大学 一种探针系统多场加载装置
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CN107478530A (zh) * 2017-08-16 2017-12-15 江南大学 一种多物理耦合场空蚀装置
CN207163835U (zh) * 2017-08-16 2018-03-30 江南大学 一种多物理耦合场空蚀装置

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