WO2019033874A1 - 一种光响应调光器件 - Google Patents

一种光响应调光器件 Download PDF

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WO2019033874A1
WO2019033874A1 PCT/CN2018/094862 CN2018094862W WO2019033874A1 WO 2019033874 A1 WO2019033874 A1 WO 2019033874A1 CN 2018094862 W CN2018094862 W CN 2018094862W WO 2019033874 A1 WO2019033874 A1 WO 2019033874A1
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liquid crystal
dimming device
photoresponsive
ultraviolet light
alignment layer
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PCT/CN2018/094862
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English (en)
French (fr)
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周国富
詹媛媛
波尔·迪克·杨
刘丹青
斯凯宁·阿尔伯特
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深圳市国华光电科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2019033874A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019033874A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a photoresponsive dimming device.
  • the electrodynamic effect of a liquid crystal is the interaction between liquid crystal molecules having a specific molecular orientation and the ionized particles in the system under the action of an applied electric field.
  • the applied voltage exceeds a certain voltage value, due to the dielectric properties and conductive properties of the liquid crystal, the liquid crystal molecules are disorderly arranged, and at the same time, under the microscope, various patterns appearing due to vortex or turbulence of the molecular arrangement can be observed.
  • the phenomenon is electrodynamic instability. Electrokinetic instability is very susceptible to voltage and frequency. Different applied voltages are different from the vortex pattern appearing at the applied frequency. Macroscopically, the dynamic mechanical scattering mode unique to liquid crystals generated by electrokinetic instability can be used. Applications such as LCD screens, projection screens, or dimming smart windows.
  • the research on electrokinetic instability is mostly based on the electric drive system of electrolytes doped with salts in liquid crystal molecules.
  • the ions based on doped salts synergize with liquid crystal molecules to produce an electrokinetic instability under an applied electric field.
  • the electrokinetic instability driven by external stimuli has not been studied, and the electrodynamic instability system that establishes external stimuli can not only reduce the driving voltage to save power resources, but also use natural light or thermal stimuli to achieve the same effect and make full use of nature. Resources.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a photoresponsive dimming device capable of generating strong electrodynamic instability under ultraviolet light stimulation, thereby achieving better tuning of the device under lower driving voltage conditions. Light effect.
  • the invention provides a light-responsive dimming device, comprising two oppositely disposed substrates, the substrate comprising a transparent substrate, a conductive layer and an alignment layer arranged in order from the inside to the outside, wherein the orientation layers of the two substrates are oppositely disposed An adjustment region is formed between the two substrates, the adjustment region being filled with a liquid crystal mixture comprising a host liquid crystal and a spiropyran, the host liquid crystal having a dielectric anisotropy.
  • the host liquid crystal is a negative liquid crystal
  • the alignment layer is a vertical alignment layer
  • the host liquid crystal is a positive liquid crystal
  • the alignment layer is a parallel alignment layer
  • the alignment layer is a polyimide alignment layer.
  • the liquid crystal mixture comprises 90.0% by weight to 99.99% by weight of the host liquid crystal and 0.01% by weight to 10.0% by weight of spiropyran.
  • the height of the adjustment zone is from 5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the adjustment zone is also filled with a spacer for supporting the height of the adjustment zone.
  • the above light-responsive dimming device further comprises a power supply component, the two poles of the power supply component being electrically connected to the two conductive layers respectively.
  • the power supply component has an operating voltage of 7V to 50V.
  • the power component operates at a frequency of 50 Hz to 1000 Hz.
  • the above photoresponsive dimming device further comprises an ultraviolet light source, and the ultraviolet light emitted by the ultraviolet light source is irradiated on the adjustment area.
  • the ultraviolet light source and the photoresponsive device are two independent parts, and the ultraviolet light emitted by the ultraviolet light source is irradiated on the adjustment area to initiate optical isomerization reaction of the spiropyran, from a colorless closed loop The state changes to a blue open-loop state, thereby achieving light adjustment.
  • the ultraviolet light source is disposed at an optimal position directly in front of the light-responsive dimming device, and the light intensity of the light source is not less than 10 mW/cm 2 .
  • the ultraviolet light source has an emission wavelength of 365 nm to 405 nm.
  • the invention provides a light-responsive dimming device, which can assist the liquid crystal molecules to undergo electrodynamic instability under the action of an applied alternating electric field without being irradiated by ultraviolet light, and after being irradiated by ultraviolet light, the snail
  • the configuration of the pyran molecule changes from the original closed-loop state to the open-loop state, and with the formation of cations and anions, the generated ions continuously move under the action of an external alternating electric field, which enhances the electrodynamic instability phenomenon.
  • Compensating for the insufficiency of the electrodynamics of the liquid crystal molecules due to the lower applied voltage so that the photoresponsive dimming device can realize the transition from the light transmitting state to the light scattering state at a lower applied voltage state, which is better. Dimming effect.
  • Figure 1 is a photoresponsive dimming device before voltage is applied
  • 2 is a photoresponsive dimming device that applies a voltage and gives ultraviolet light stimulation.
  • the present invention provides a photoresponsive dimming device comprising a substrate 1 and a substrate 2 disposed opposite to each other.
  • the substrate includes a transparent glass substrate 10, an ITO conductive layer 11 and a polyimide vertical.
  • the alignment layer 12 includes the transparent glass substrate 20, the ITO conductive layer 21, and the polyimide vertical alignment layer 22, and the polyimide alignment layer 12 and the substrate 1 are sequentially disposed.
  • the polyimide vertical alignment layer 22 of the substrate 2 is oppositely disposed, and the adjustment region 3 is formed between the substrate 1 and the substrate 2.
  • the height of the adjustment region 3 is 5 ⁇ m, and the adjustment region 3 is filled with a liquid crystal mixture.
  • the liquid crystal mixture includes a negative liquid crystal 4 and a spiropyran 5, the mass fraction of the spiropyran 5 in the liquid crystal mixture is 0.01%, and the negative liquid crystal 4 is in the polyimide vertical alignment layer when no voltage is applied. Under the orientation, the orientation is perpendicular to the substrate, and the visible light 6 can be transmitted from the transparent glass substrate to exhibit a light transmitting state.
  • a power supply component having a working voltage of 7 V and a working frequency of 1000 Hz is connected between the ITO conductive layer 11 of the photoresponsive dimming device and the ITO conductive layer 21, and the 5 molecules of the spiropyran assist the negative liquid crystal 4 without ultraviolet light irradiation.
  • Electro-dynamic instability occurs in the formed alternating electric field, and the light-transmissive state before the voltage is not converted into a light-scattering state. Since the magnitude of the formed alternating electric field is proportional to the magnitude of the voltage to be applied, the photo-responsive dimming device is made.
  • the minimum driving voltage for electrodynamic instability is 7V.
  • the above-mentioned photoresponsive dimming device is given ultraviolet light 7 stimulation, and the ultraviolet light 7 is supplied by a photodiode ultraviolet light source and irradiated on the adjustment region of the above-mentioned photoresponsive dimming device, and the ultraviolet light 7 has a wavelength of 365 nm.
  • the intensity is 10 mW/cm 2
  • ultraviolet light having a light intensity of 10 mW/cm 2 is used as an example, and the light intensity emitted by the ultraviolet light source is actually not less than 10 mW/cm 2 .
  • the photochemical reaction of the spiropyran 5 molecule changes from a colorless closed-loop state to a deep blue open-loop state, accompanied by the generation of ions, under the stimulation of visible light or temperature, the open-loop state.
  • the lower molecule is able to return to the closed loop state, and its reversible optical isomerization reaction is:
  • the ions generated by the spiropyran 5 under the stimulation of the ultraviolet light 7 move rapidly under the action of the alternating electric field, which enhances the electrodynamic instability phenomenon, thereby causing the light-responsive dimming device to become a light scattering state and become visible in the visible light range. It is more opaque and has a deep blue color on the macro.
  • the present embodiment provides a photoresponsive dimming device having the same structure as that of Embodiment 1, except that the height between the adjustment regions is 50 ⁇ m, and the alignment layer is a polyimide parallel alignment layer.
  • the liquid crystal mixture is a positive liquid crystal and a spiropyran.
  • the liquid crystal mixture has a mass fraction of spiropyran of 1%, and the photoresponsive dimming device is connected to a power supply component having an operating voltage of 50 V and an operating frequency of 50 Hz. State and give ultraviolet light stimulation at a wavelength of 405 nm.
  • the positive liquid crystal when no voltage is applied, the positive liquid crystal is arranged parallel to the orientation of the substrate under the induction of the polyimide parallel alignment layer, and the positive liquid crystal is applied when a voltage is applied.
  • the reorientation arrangement occurs under the action of the alternating electric field, and the spiropyran molecule rotates along with the reorientation of the positive liquid crystal, resulting in electrodynamic instability.
  • the configuration of the spiropyran molecule changes.
  • the closed-loop state is changed to an open-loop state, and with the formation of cations and anions, the generated ions continuously move under the action of an external alternating electric field, which enhances the electrodynamic instability and compensates for the liquid crystal molecules being electrically driven by the lower applied voltage.
  • the insufficiency of the mechanics makes the photo-responsive dimming device capable of realizing the transition from the light-transmissive state to the light-scattering state at a lower applied voltage state, and has a better dimming effect.
  • the embodiment provides a photoresponsive dimming device having the same structure as that of Embodiment 1, except that the height between the adjustment regions is 25 ⁇ m, and the mass fraction of the spiropyran in the liquid crystal mixture is 5%.
  • the light-responsive dimming device is connected to a power supply component having an operating voltage of 30 V and an operating frequency of 500 Hz, and is energized, and is excited by ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 400 nm.
  • This embodiment provides a photoresponsive dimming device having the same structure as that of Embodiment 1, except that the height between the adjustment regions is 40 ⁇ m, and the mass fraction of the spiropyran in the liquid crystal mixture is 10%.
  • the photo-responsive dimming device is connected to a power supply component having a working voltage of 40 V and a working frequency of 100 Hz, and is energized, and is excited by ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 380 nm.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种光响应调光器件，在主体液晶中混入螺吡喃，施加电压时螺吡喃能够在交流电场的作用下协助液晶分子发生电动力学不稳定现象，经紫外光线照射后，螺吡喃分子的构型发生转变，由原来的闭环状态转变为开环状态，并伴随着阳离子和阴离子的生成，产生的阴阳离子在外加交流电场的作用下不断运动，加强了电动力学不稳定现象，补偿了因较低施加电压导致液晶分子电动力学不明显的不足情况，使光响应调光器件在较低驱动电压下即可具备较好的调光效果。

Description

一种光响应调光器件 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，特别涉及一种光响应调光器件。
背景技术
液晶的电动力学效应是具有特定分子取向的液晶分子在外加电场的作用下，与体系中的离子化的粒子之间的相互作用。当所施加电压超过一定电压值后，由于液晶的介电性质和导电性质，液晶分子排列紊乱，同时在显微镜下能够观察到伴随着分子排列发生漩涡或是湍流而出现各种不同图案的现象，该现象即为电动力学不稳定性。电动力学不稳定性极易受到电压跟频率的制约，不同施加电压跟施加频率下出现的漩涡图案不同，宏观上，该种由电动力学不稳定性所产生的液晶特有的动态力学散射模式可用于液晶显示屏、投影屏幕或是调光智能窗等的应用。目前电动力学不稳定性的研究大都基于对液晶分子中掺杂盐类等电解质的电驱动体系，基于掺杂盐类的离子协同液晶分子在外加电场下产生一种电动力学不稳定性，对于其他外界刺激驱动的电动力学不稳定性还未被研究过，而建立外界刺激的电动力学不稳定体系不仅能够降低驱动电压节省电力资源，还能够利用自然界的光或热刺激达到相同的效果充分利用自然资源。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种光响应调光器件，能够在 紫外光刺激下发生较强的电动力学不稳定现象，从而实现器件在较低驱动电压条件下即可具备较好的调光效果。
本发明所采取的技术方案是：
本发明提供一种光响应调光器件，包括相对设置的两块基板，所述基板包括由内到外依次设置的透光基板、导电层和取向层，两块所述基板的取向层相对设置，在两块所述基板之间形成调节区，所述调节区内填充有液晶混合物，所述液晶混合物包括主体液晶与螺吡喃，所述主体液晶具有介电各向异性。
在一些实施例中，所述主体液晶为负性液晶，所述取向层为垂直取向层。
在另一些实施例中，所述主体液晶为正性液晶，所述取向层为平行取向层。
优选地，所述取向层为聚酰亚胺取向层。
优选地，所述液晶混合物包括90.0wt％-99.99wt％的主体液晶和0.01wt％-10.0wt％的螺吡喃。
优选地，所述调节区的高度为5μm～50μm。
优选地，所述调节区内还填充有用于支撑所述调节区高度的间隔子。
优选地，上述光响应调光器件还包括电源组件，所述电源组件的两极分别与两个所述导电层电性连接。
进一步地，所述电源组件的工作电压为7V～50V。
进一步地，所述电源组件的工作频率为50Hz～1000Hz。
优选地，上述光响应调光器件还包括紫外线光源，所述紫外光源发射的紫外光照射在所述调节区上。所述紫外光源与上述光响应器件为独立的两部分，所述紫外光源发射出的紫外光照射于所述调节区上，用以引发螺吡喃发生光学异构化反应，从无色的闭环状态转变成蓝色的开环状态，从而实现光线的调节。紫外光源设置在光响应调光器件的正前方为最佳位置，光源的光强度不小于10mW/cm 2。
进一步地，所述紫外线光源的发射波长为365nm～405nm。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明提供一种光响应调光器件，在未经过紫外光线照射状态下，螺吡喃能够在施加的交流电场的作用下协助液晶分子发生电动力学不稳定现象，在经过紫外光线照射后，螺吡喃分子的构型发生转变，由原来的闭环状态转变为开环状态，并伴随着阳离子和阴离子的生成，产生的离子在外加交流电场的作用下不断运动，加强了电动力学不稳定现象，补偿了因较低施加电压导致液晶分子电动力学不明显的不足情况，使该光响应调光器件能够在较低施加电压状态下即能实现由透光状态到光散射状态的转变，具有较好的调光效果。
附图说明
图1为未施加电压前的光响应调光器件；
图2为施加电压并给予紫外光刺激的光响应调光器件。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例和附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果进行清楚、完整地描述，以充分地理解本发明的目的、特征和 效果。显然，所描述的实施例只是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例，基于本发明的实施例，本领域的技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的其他实施例，均属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
参见图1，本发明提供一种光响应调光器件，包括相对设置的基板一和基板二，所述基板一包括依次设置的透明玻璃基板一10、ITO导电层一11和聚酰亚胺垂直取向层一12，所述基板二包括依次设置有透明玻璃基板二20、ITO导电层二21和聚酰亚胺垂直取向层二22，所述基板一的聚酰亚胺取向层一12与所述基板二的聚酰亚胺垂直取向层二22相对设置，所述基板一与基板二之间形成调节区3，所述调节区3的高度为5μm，所述调节区3内填充有液晶混合物，所述液晶混合物包括负性液晶4和螺吡喃5，所述螺吡喃5在液晶混合物中的质量分数为0.01％，未施加电压时负性液晶4在聚酰亚胺垂直取向层的诱导下呈垂直于基板的取向排列，可见光6能够从透明玻璃基板中透射出来，从而呈现透光状态。在光响应调光器件的ITO导电层一11和ITO导电层一21之间接入工作电压为7V工作频率为1000Hz的电源组件，未经紫外光照射时，螺吡喃5分子协助负性液晶4在形成的交流电场中发生电动力学不稳定现象，从未接入电压前的透光状态转变成光散射状态，由于形成的交流电场大小与接入的电压大小成正比，使光响应调光器件发生电动力学不稳定现象的最小驱动电压为7V。如图2所示，给予上述光响应调光器件紫外光7刺激，所述紫外线7由光电二极管紫外光源提供并照射在上述光响应调光器件的 调节区上，紫外光7的波长为365nm光强度为10mW/cm 2，本实施例以光强度为10mW/cm 2的紫外光为例进行照射，实际上紫外光源发射的光强度不小于10mW/cm 2。在紫外光7的照射下，螺吡喃5分子发生光化学反应，由无色的闭环状态转变成深蓝色的开环状态，并伴随着离子的产生，在可见光或者温度的刺激下，开环状态下的分子又能够恢复到闭环状态，其可逆的光学异构化反应为：
Figure PCTCN2018094862-appb-000001
螺吡喃5在紫外光7的刺激下产生的离子在交流电场的作用下快速移动，加强了电动力学不稳定现象，进而使得光响应调光器件变为光散射状态，在可见光范围内变得更加不透明，宏观上呈现深蓝色。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种光响应调光器件，其结构与实施例1相同，不同之处在于：所述调节区之间的高度为50μm，所述取向层为聚酰亚胺平行取向层，所述液晶混合物为正性液晶和螺吡喃，所述液晶混合物中螺吡喃的质量分数为1％，所述光响应调光器件接入工作电压为50V工作频率为50Hz的电源组件而处于通电状态，并给予波长为405nm的紫外光刺激。本实施例提供的光响应调光器件在未施加电压时，正性液晶在聚酰亚胺平行取向层的诱导作用下呈平行于基板的取 向排列，在施加电压时，正性液晶在施加的交流电场的作用下发生再取向排列，同时螺吡喃分子伴随着正性液晶的再取向发生转动，产生电动力学不稳定现象，在施加紫外光后螺吡喃分子的构型发生转变，由原来的闭环状态转变为开环状态，并伴随着阳离子和阴离子的生成，产生的离子在外加交流电场的作用下不断运动，加强了电动力学不稳定现象，补偿了因较低施加电压导致液晶分子电动力学不明显的不足情况，使该光响应调光器件能够在较低施加电压状态下即能实现由透光状态到光散射状态的转变，具有较好的调光效果。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种光响应调光器件，其结构与实施例1相同，不同之处在于：所述调节区之间的高度为25μm，所述液晶混合物中螺吡喃的质量分数为5％，所述光响应调光器件接入工作电压为30V工作频率为500Hz的电源组件而处于通电状态，并给予波长为400nm的紫外光刺激。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种光响应调光器件，其结构与实施例1相同，不同之处在于：所述调节区之间的高度为40μm，所述液晶混合物中螺吡喃的质量分数为10％，所述光响应调光器件接入工作电压为40V工作频率为100Hz的电源组件而处于通电状态，并给予波长为380nm的紫外光刺激。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种光响应调光器件，其特征在于，包括相对设置的两块基板，所述基板包括由外到内依次设置的透光基板、导电层和取向层，两块所述基板的取向层相对设置，在两块所述基板之间形成调节区，所述调节区内填充有液晶混合物，所述液晶混合物包括主体液晶与螺吡喃，所述主体液晶具有介电各向异性。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光响应调光器件，其特征在于，所述主体液晶为负性液晶，所述取向层为垂直取向层。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光响应调光器件，其特征在于，所述主体液晶为正性液晶，所述取向层为平行取向层。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的光响应调光器件，其特征在于，所述液晶混合物包括90.0wt％-99.99wt％的主体液晶和0.01wt％-10.0wt％的螺吡喃。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的光响应调光器件，其特征在于，所述调节区的高度为5μm～50μm。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的光响应调光器件，其特征在于，还包括电源组件，所述电源组件的两极分别与两个所述导电层电性连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光响应调光器件，其特征在于，所述电源组件的工作电压为7V～50V。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的光响应调光器件，其特征在于，所述电源组件的工作频率为50Hz～1000Hz。
  9. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的光响应调光器件，其特征在于，还包括紫外线光源，所述紫外光源发射的紫外光照射在所述调节区上。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的光响应调光器件，其特征在于，所述紫外线光源的发射波长为365nm～405nm。
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