WO2019033763A1

WO2019033763A1 - Public management method based on simulated sand table, and training platform

Info

Publication number: WO2019033763A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/081659
Authority: WO
Inventors: 高峻峰
Original assignee: 成都慕课科技有限公司
Priority date: 2017-08-18
Filing date: 2018-04-03
Publication date: 2019-02-21
Also published as: CN107564391A

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a public management method based on a simulated sand table, and a training platform. The method comprises: public environment modeling and function analysis, public policy designing, execution and evaluation, public finance management, government performance management, entrepreneurial government and public management transformation and innovation, and crisis management and government decision making. According to the present invention, modeling is performed on the basis of the principle of a simulated sand table to represent governments at all levels and functional departments corresponding thereto by a sand table separately, and to represent social data by chips, so that an actual simulation effect is achieved and the capability of students to deal with actual problems can be improved, and particularly, the students can gain good experience from business relationships between the departments of the governments and emphases in work of the departments, and thus have a larger development space after being employed than students in other colleges.

Description

Public management method and training platform based on simulated sand table

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of public management, and particularly relates to a public management method and a training platform based on a simulated sand table.

Background technique

The sand table simulation training is derived from the simulation of the war sand table in the Western military. The war sand table simulation deduction shows the confrontation and contest between the red and blue armies on the battlefield, and finds problems in the strategic and tactical aspects of both sides and improves the commander's combat capability.

Simulation training has become the main course of management for middle and senior management of most Fortune 500 companies. More than 6,000 outstanding Chinese companies have been trained in sand table training. After the sandbox teaching model was introduced to China, it was included in the teaching of MBA, EMBA and middle and high-level on-the-job training by 18 colleges and universities such as Peking University, Tsinghua University, National People's Congress and Zhejiang University.

Public management is the management of public affairs. Public affairs is the starting point of public management, which determines the inevitable trend of public administration to public management. In recent years, domestic academic circles have conducted in-depth discussions on some issues related to public management and have achieved gratifying results. In general, public management is still a new topic for us, and the development of public management discipline is still in its infancy. Public management takes social public affairs as the management object. The specific content of social public affairs is divided into public resources and public projects, social issues and so on.

The problem now: the course training is difficult to achieve, making it difficult for students to learn to apply to practical problems, training in public administration, unable to access core business, just standing at the front desk or purely sorting information; overall I can't achieve real learning.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a public management method and a training platform based on a simulated sand table, and the sandbox represents the infrastructure in the society, and the chips are used to represent the social data for simulation training, which can improve the students. The ability to handle actual problems.

The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

A public management method and training platform based on simulated sand table, including:

Public environment modeling and functional analysis: Based on the principle of simulating the sand table, establish a government sand table representing the local government model under the current administrative division, and a departmental sand table representing the functional department model, and configure the chips representing the social resource data for each government sand table and department sand table. Statistics of the data of various functional departments and analysis of the gap between regional representative enterprises and listed companies in the same industry. The results are displayed in the form of chips;

Public policy design, implementation and evaluation: According to the data chips under the government sand table, analyze and formulate public policies, implement the established policies and make a summary analysis of the implementation results, and the impact of the policies on the implementation results are represented by relative chips;

Public financial management: statistics on the financial revenue and expenditure of each government under the sand table, and propose improvement measures based on the analysis of the implementation of the budget;

Government Performance Management: Analyze policies that affect government performance and present them in the form of chips, summarizing the guiding role of performance indicators on local government behavior;

Enterprise-type government and public management reform and innovation: arranging the chips representing the functions of the enterprise-type government, analyzing the functions of the enterprise-type government and analyzing and evaluating the transformation of local government effectiveness;

Crisis management and government decision-making: configure the chips that represent the cause of public crisis, analyze the causes of public crisis, and formulate crisis management plans and government decision-making procedures.

Further, the steps of the public environment modeling and functional analysis specifically include: establishing local government sand tables in different regions, and establishing sandboxes of various functional departments under each local government sand table; formulating rules for each functional department, and determining each functional department The rules are in line with the actual reality of the society. The social data of various local governments are displayed with chips, and the gap between regional representative enterprises and listed companies in the same industry is analyzed based on the collected data.

Further, the social data includes local fiscal revenue, industrial distribution and industry of regional characteristic enterprises, GDP, resident population data, geography, traffic conditions, and characteristic resources; the analysis of regional representative enterprises and listed companies in the same industry The gap includes the investment amount, construction period, products and services, land use scale, land use attributes, sales, raw material costs, taxes paid, and the number of employees; the corresponding data is allocated to the above-mentioned data, and the chips are labeled to distinguish; Among them, the fiscal year's surplus funds: the previous year's fiscal revenue * 0.02;

Industry distribution and output value of regional characteristic enterprises: the first category is manufacturing and construction, the second is productive services, and the third is life services;

Resident population refers to the population living and working in the region;

Operating costs of different location enterprises: increase in transportation costs = sales in the previous year * {(average price of the whole class last year - land price of the previous year) / 2} / land price of the previous year; increase in staff cost of capital-intensive enterprises = last year Sales*{(average price of the whole class in the previous year--the land price of the previous year)/4}/the land price of the previous year; the reduction of the staff cost of the labor-intensive enterprises=the number of workers in the previous year* (the average per capita GDP of the previous year) Last year, the per capita GDP of this group/per capita GDP of the previous year; information opportunities led to sales decrease = sales in the previous year*{(average GDP per capita of the previous year - per capita GDP of the previous year) / per capita of the previous year GDP}.

Further, the design, implementation and evaluation of the public policy include determining the factor endowment and analyzing the resources, population, and industrial environment of the region; comparing external industrial projects, human resources, and industrial resources and land resource carrying capacity in the region; Formulate land policy, public utility planning, enterprise services, talent services, and people's livelihood service goals; set goals for each position, formulate policy measures; summarize factors affecting public policy implementation in different regional environments; compare policy objectives, and evaluate public policy implementation effect;

The public policy design includes:

Inviting investment rules: Each period is simulated by the system to simulate foreign investors, and each group attracts foreign investors through policy concessions, service efficiency, and talent advantages;

Land rules: The land is divided into industrial land, residential land, commercial service land, and public utility land. Each local government can customize the scale of four types of land use each year; the total amount of land acquired per year (mu) ≤ the initial resident population *1%, residential Land demand = new population of *0.04 mu in the previous year, per mu of residential land transfer government profit = 50% * land cost price, land cost price = land acquisition compensation price * 2;

Public investment rules: Public investment is divided into three categories: hospitals, cultural and sports venues, and basic education schools; all types of investment intensity are divided into three levels: three levels are expansion, two levels are small new construction, and first level is large new construction. The scale of land occupied by the service industry is different;

Government revenue and financing method rules: divided into three parts: local government open budget revenue, central tax rebate and transfer payment. Taxes include: local manufacturing enterprise value-added tax at 17%, life service industry VAT rate 6%, basic production The service industry value-added tax is 11%, the high-end production service industry value-added tax is 6%, the value-added tax is shared by the central and local governments 50%; the manufacturing and service industry VAT is levied at 12% of the value-added tax, all of which are local; All corporate income tax is subject to a 25% tax rate, personal income tax is levied at progressive rates, 60% of income tax is at the central level, 40% is at the local level; land use tax and property tax are all owned by the local government;

New corporate construction and development rules:

The bulk of the business and logistics sales of this group = sales of manufacturing enterprises in the region in the current period * 0.1 + the sum of GDP of each group in the previous year * 0.3 / (the total vitality index of each group / the vitality index of the group) ² ;

Sales of the financial industry of this group = sales of manufacturing enterprises in the region in the current period *0.05+ (per capita GDP of the previous year/per capita GDP of each group)* the sum of GDP of each group in the previous year*0.01/ (each group of the industry) Total vitality index / the group's vitality index of the industry) ² ;

Number of employees in the production service industry = sales / 150,000, tax paid = sales * 0.06, raw material cost = 0;

Sales of life service industry = GDP of the region in the previous year*0.3* (per capita GDP of the previous year in the region/average GDP per capita of each group) ² ;

Talent competition rules:

The total number of external high-level talents = IF (average subsidy <5,0,IF (-0.5016* average subsidy* average subsidy* average subsidy+17.43* average subsidy* average subsidy+29.263* average subsidy+455<the number of external high-level talents in the previous year) /2, the number of external high-level talents in the previous year/2, ROUND ((-0.5016* average subsidy * average subsidy * average subsidy + 17.43 * average subsidy * average subsidy + 29.263 * average subsidy + 455) / 10) * 10) ): average subsidy = one-time home subsidy / 3 + annual research subsidy;

Index rules:

Government fiscal revenue: income = current tax for all newly added companies + transfer allowance for the year + land use tax and property tax,

Expenditure = public utility investment this year + financial subsidy expenditure this year - borrowed interest on funds;

Further, the public financial management specifically includes revenues from various regional governments derived from land finance, manufacturing and service taxation, higher-level transfer payments, and various functional departments preparing budgets; determining annual public financial expenditures, including public utility investment and purchase expenditures. Transferring expenditures; comparing the government financing methods in reality, determining the government financing methods in this experiment; summarizing the implementation of public finance budgets, analyzing the reasons and proposing improvement measures.

Further, the government performance management specifically includes analyzing which policies may affect the long-term performance and short-term performance of the government; understanding the indicator system and core content of the scientific performance concept, analyzing the relationship between these indicators, analyzing the influencing factors of these indicators, and using the chips Carry out the expression, compare the difference between the government evaluation index and the experimental index in reality, and reflect on the guiding role of performance indicators on government behavior.

Further, the enterprise-type government and public management reform innovation specifically includes the distinction between the enterprise and the public demand for public goods and services, clarifying the scope of the enterprise-type government, and the content and process of the government work in this experiment, thinking about the experiment. Whether the scope of public service in China matches the government efficiency index, investigate the actual situation of government public services in the area represented by the group, and analyze whether it conforms to the characteristics of enterprise-type government.

Further, the crisis management and government decision-making specifically include identifying the cause of the public crisis in the experiment, formulating the crisis management plan and the government decision-making procedure, analyzing the actual state of the event for the specific crisis event in the experiment, implementing the plan, and summarizing the public In the crisis, how the four links of reduction, preparation, reaction and recovery are reflected.

A training platform based on a public management method for simulating a sandbox, the platform includes a teacher end and a student end, and the teacher end includes the following modules:

Teaching Management Module: Ability to perform basic management of team members, team member ratings, and team ratings;

External project investment competition module: The system simulates the investment amount of different leading manufacturing projects and the investment amount of different supporting manufacturing monthly service industry projects. Each group fills in the government efficiency reform mode, land price, one-time investment promotion incentive, and minimum wage policy. The system will assign the amount of investment funds obtained by each group according to the score weight;

External high-end talent competition module: The system will generate high-end talent supply curve according to the average subsidy of talents. Each group will report high-end talent subsidies for high-level talents, and the system will distribute the weight according to the high-end talent subsidy score. In the manufacturing talent competition, it is necessary to consider the total amount of investment in the newly added manufacturing industry. The competition in the service industry must also consider the level and quantity of the newly added public facilities;

Auxiliary modules: including tax return and transfer subsidies, residents' happiness, external risks and performance inquiries;

The student includes the following modules:

Information entry module: input group member information;

Financial and land planning module: fund planning, carry out the government budget at the current level of this year, and receive the financial transfer subsidy from the higher level. It can issue one-year, two-year and three-year local government bonds for financing. If the financial situation is tight, determine this. The amount of land requisitioned, the price of compensation, the payment of land acquisition, and the recycling of the vacant land for the manufacturing and service industries as land reserves: According to the investment attraction and the people's livelihood, determine the land area for housing, industry and service, and public utilities this year;

Investment Promotion and Municipal Engineering Module: The government efficiency reform model can be selected and the government reform cost can be paid. The leading manufacturing industry and supporting manufacturing industry will attract investment, occupying the land quantity, adding employment and estimating new value-added tax. Decide whether to invest in municipal works and pay for the purchase of services;

Public utility investment module: invest in different levels of hospitals, cultural venues, and basic education schools to determine the number of hospitals, cultural and sports venues, basic education service population and employment population, and the resulting increase in residents' happiness;

Talent introduction and enterprise migration module: All district and county governments need to introduce various subsidy policies to attract high-end talents in the manufacturing industry and high-end talents in the service industry. If the local enterprise vitality index is not high, there will be enterprises moving out, which will affect local employment and GDP;

Crisis Management Module: Each district and county government will face various risks during its operation and will take corresponding measures for different risks.

Government fiscal revenue module: including the income from the transfer of industrial, commercial and residential land, taxation according to the local business operations of different industries, and determining the amount of central government finances;

Break-even accounting module: The system can intelligently generate a break-even accounting table based on each group of operational data.

Further, the team member scores: register the names of the team members, the division of labor, the number of sick leave, the number of absences, the results of the team awareness assessment, the performance ranking of the group, the evaluation team cooperation, and record the internship results of each student; Personal performance score = team score + experiment report + internal team evaluation + attendance rate;

Team Rating: The team can be scored from four dimensions, including the proportion of new employment to the resident population, the company's vitality index, the happiness value of the residents, the answer and the experimental report. The weights of the above four dimensions can be manually modified by the teacher.

The beneficial effects of the invention are:

1. Established a multi-curriculum experimental teaching platform for public management majors

The "Public Management Sand Table Simulation Experiment System" combines the basic courses and core courses of many public management majors to solve the problem of multi-course training experimental teaching platform that has long plagued us.

2. Filling in the training gap of public management students

In the past, our students went to public administrations for training, and were unable to access the core business. They only stood at the front desk or simply sorted out the materials. Many students complained that the “Public Management Sand Table Simulation Experiment System” allowed students to feel the joy of public management and master the learning. The basic decision-making thinking.

3. Improve the space for student employment development

Compared with the absence of this course, students are obviously familiar with the duties of public administration departments. During the interview, they can systematically explain the business processes and decision-making ideas of various departments of public management, especially the business relationship between various government departments. The focus of work has a good experience and experience, and the development space after entering the job is much larger than other institutions.

4. lay the foundation for the college to declare various teaching achievements

The after-sales support of the product includes gold medal teacher development support, provincial-level national education reform project declaration support, provincial-level national experimental demonstration center application support, provincial-level national model college construction report support, special specialty/new professional declaration, real Training experimental base construction support, teaching results declaration support, textbook publishing support.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a plan view of a sand table of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following.

As shown in Figure 1-2,

Based on the public management method of simulating the sand table, the sandbox represents the infrastructure in the society and simulates the social data with chips. The specific steps include the following steps:

Public environment modeling and functional analysis: Based on the principle of simulated sand table, establish local government models in different regions under the current administrative divisions and functional department models under different local governments, namely the government sand table representing the local government model and the department sand table representing the functional department model. Statistics of various functional departments and analysis of the gap between regional representative enterprises and listed companies in the same industry, with corresponding chips to indicate the corresponding data;

Public policy design, implementation, and evaluation: The results of data analysis in the root-based public environment modeling and functional analysis steps develop public policies, implement established policies, and summarize and analyze the results of implementation. The impact of policies on performance is represented by relative chips. ;

Public financial management: statistics on fiscal revenue and expenditure data of various functional departments and improvement measures based on analysis of financial budget implementation;

Government Performance Management: Analyze policies that have an impact on government performance and summarize the guiding role of performance indicators on local government behavior;

Enterprise-type government and public management reform and innovation: analyze the functions of enterprise-type government and analyze and evaluate the transformation of local government effectiveness;

Crisis Management and Government Decision-making: Analyze the causes of public crisis and formulate crisis management plans and government decision-making procedures.

The process is divided into four phases:

The first phase of the course is introduced, which in turn includes grouping, forming teams, and learning operational rules;

The second phase of actual combat simulation, including regional surveys, land rules, public investment, and investment attraction;

The third stage of government decision-making includes, in order, service enterprises, talent competition, industrial optimization and promotion, and promotion of residents' happiness index;

The fourth stage summarizes reviews, knowledge sharing and lecturer reviews.

The specific operations are as follows:

The whole class is divided into 8 groups, which play 8 district and county governments, which divides 8 government sand tables and names each government sand table. Each group needs to adopt investment promotion policies, public investment promotion policies, and enterprise service policies to improve people's livelihood and improve. The economic strength and development potential of the region, the results of each item are displayed with chips. Each group of students surveys a real county-level or district-level regional industry and population, respectively, using the corresponding chips. Specifically, each government sand table is set up to play the China Merchants, Development and Reform Bureau, Land Bureau, Finance Bureau, and PICC. A member of the Bureau and the Public Service Bureau, that is, each person uses a departmental sand table to face a unified external economic environment and a national policy and legal environment, and promotes employment by attracting investment, developing industrial and commercial service industries, and investing in public utilities. To enhance the sense of well-being of the local residents, use the corresponding chips to represent and accumulate the chips under the corresponding department sand table.

The districts that need to be investigated include: the fiscal revenue of the previous year, the industry distribution of the regional characteristic enterprises and the industry, GDP, and resident population. The resources owned include land (including industrial land, commercial and service land, public utility land, residential land). ), fiscal revenue (including land income and tax). Each group needs to compete for external industry projects, attract high-level manufacturing and service talents, develop cultural and sports venues, hospitals and schools, and ultimately improve residents' happiness and corporate vitality, and achieve harmonious economic and social development. The data of the survey are all based on chips. The form is displayed, different chip labels are set for different data items, and the data represented by each label chip is recorded.

Among them, the role of China Merchants is to attract industrial projects to compete with other regions to compete in manufacturing and service industries; the Development and Reform Bureau to formulate annual development plans, need to consider factors such as industrial concentration, environmental protection, fiscal and tax contribution of various projects, employment, etc.; According to the plan of the National Development and Reform Commission, the land demand for this year should be calculated, and the industrial, commercial and service industries, public utilities and residential land use indicators should be set, and the reserve land for the next year should be collected. The Finance Bureau is responsible for the preparation of various investment funds for the year, and the fiscal and taxation plan ensures the receipt. Balance is balanced; the Bureau of Human Resources Protection is responsible for formulating high-level talent attraction policies and employment promotion policies; the Public Utilities Bureau is responsible for planning the layout and investment operations of cultural and sports venues, schools, hospitals, etc., and improving the quality of life of residents.

The specific policy indicator rules are formulated as follows:

(1) Initial state of each group

The initial state values of each group are derived from the statistical bulletins of each region in the previous year. You need to check and fill in the following information:

●Financial surplus funds in the previous year: fiscal revenue of the previous year*0.02;

● Industry distribution and output value of regional characteristic enterprises (the first category is manufacturing and construction; the second category is production service industry, such as industrial design, finance, IT, R&D and design, bulk commerce and logistics, financial leasing, energy saving and environmental protection Services, inspection and testing, e-commerce, business consulting, service outsourcing, after-sales service, human resources services and brand building; the third category is life services, such as pension services, health services, cultural creativity, retail, tourism , legal services, family services, sports industry, real estate related services, etc.)

●GDP

●Resident population (refers to the population living and working in the region, not the population according to household registration):

●Business cost of different location enterprises: increase in transportation cost = sales in the previous year*[(average price of the whole class in the previous year - the land price of the previous year)/2]/the land price of the previous year; the increase of the staff cost of the capital-intensive enterprise = Annual sales*[(previous class average land price - previous year's land price) / 4] / previous year's land price; labor-intensive enterprise staff cost reduction = number of workers in the previous year * (average per capita GDP of the previous year) - Per capita GDP of the previous year) / Per capita GDP of the previous year. Information opportunities lead to sales reduction = sales in the previous year * [(average GDP per capita of the previous year - per capita GDP of the previous year) / per capita GDP of the previous year]

(2) Investment promotion rules

Investment Promotion Rules: Each period is simulated by the system to simulate foreign investment, and each group attracts foreign investment through policy incentives, service efficiency, and talent advantages. The environmental attributes of different projects, future fiscal and tax contributions, product technology content, and output scale may affect future regional development.

In the initial year, the system will simulate the amount of investment in different projects, the construction period, the estimated products, and the scale of land use (the manufacturing industry needs industrial land, and the service industry needs commercial service land).

In the second year, each group will define 12 peripheral projects, including at least 6 manufacturing projects and at least 6 business service projects. Fill in the investment amount (acquired from the annual report of the listed company in the same industry), estimated product, land use size and attributes, raw material cost (can be obtained from the annual report of the listed company in the same industry, used to generate the later project development rules), the number of employees (used The net sales per 100 people (sales-material cost) is judged to be labor-intensive or capital-intensive, forming a peripheral project library. These projects should be as relevant as possible to the type of industry in the region. Note: In order to avoid the difference between the item attribute values of each group input, the system background will normalize and reassign the above four item attribute values. The total amount of investment in external projects of each industry per year = the sum of the output value of each group of industries * 0.1 (this amount is affected by external risks), of which (the amount of investment in manufacturing projects: the amount of investment in commercial service projects) = (initial state of each group of manufacturing The sum of output values: the sum of the output value of each group of commercial services in the initial state). The construction period is randomly generated by the system (0,1,2 years), the land use scale is the average value of the investment amount of each industrial unit* investment amount* random number (0.9~1.1).

________ group investment promotion bidding table

Investment in various industries, total project attribute calculation table

Each group judges its own contribution to the region according to the above project attributes and conducts investment promotion competition: land preferential price, investment promotion incentive (according to the percentage of local tax retention of the enterprise), export incentives, minimum wage policy. Each group fills in the above policy values and alternative industries, and can also attach a textual description of the advantages of the alternative projects, which is used as a bonus item within the class. The system will assign the amount of investment funds obtained by each group according to the weight of the score (by labor-intensive and capital-intensive type), and those with higher scores will give priority to the industry.

Different types of projects are sensitive to the above policies: labor-intensive enterprises and business services are more sensitive to the minimum wage policy (higher weight), and capital-intensive enterprises are more sensitive to the existing industry correlation (higher weight). The above two types of enterprises are sensitive to land prices and investment promotion incentives (according to the percentage of the local retention of corporate tax). Labor-intensive enterprises are very helpful in solving local employment, and the value-added tax contribution is large; capital-intensive enterprises play a large role in supporting industries, and the income tax contribution is large.

According to the research and development personnel and equipment input subsidies, according to the project investment amount (investment intensity) subsidies, labor-intensive subsidies according to the employment rate, capital-intensive free space (reduction of rent), core enterprise members (talent subsidies), capital-intensive The type is subsidized according to the capital in place and the output (capacity achievement). In this game, there is no technology-intensive, talent subsidy for the technical upgrading of the two industries. The higher-level government uniformly stipulates the lowest price for industrial land and commercial land, and each group can increase the land supply on this basis.

The government invests in land, fiscal revenue, infrastructure, parks, public facilities, etc., as an input to similar industrial sandboxes. (Combine all the inputs and management elements of the industrial sand table and replace them with the elements of the public management sand table)

The above industries are a spiral development process. The manufacturing industry is also divided into leading and supporting types, and the supporting demand coefficient is the dominant manufacturing income *0.15. Construction industry income = original population * 0.0001 + new population * 6 years * annual income + new industrial and service investment * 0.2 + the sum of the original industrial and service investment * 0.04. The production service industry is also divided into basic and high-end, the basic demand coefficient is all other manufacturing and service industry incomes except the industry*0.1; the high-end demand coefficient is the annual income of a single manufacturing enterprise with income greater than 200 million* 0.05. The life service industry is divided into basic and high-grade, basic life service industry is relatively stable, demand is a fixed coefficient of population, and the total amount increases with population; high-end life service industry only targets annual income of 60,000 per capita. Generated, late demand growth coefficient = population increase coefficient + income growth coefficient.

Similar to the industrial sand table, the output value of the construction industry = the amount of investment in the manufacturing and service industries and the expansion of the resident population (such as the construction of industrial parks and roads, the construction of urban roads and bridges, the construction of energy infrastructure, the management of rivers and environmental protection projects) and the upgrading of output value. (This value is the ratio of senior talents to intermediate talents *0.01* stocks), senior talents, intermediate talents, and junior talents as different production lines (causing production output inconsistency). As the first year of the manufacturing industry, the output value of the production service industry is the output of different grades of manufacturing. The life service industry is a product of different levels of permanent residents.

Alternative ideas: Each group only bids for the manufacturing industry (labor-intensive and capital-intensive, different from the policy sensitivity, the output tax and other indicators are also different, bidding separately). Production service industry as a product of manufacturing industry, life service industry as a product of the population; government social security level as a different production line of life service industry, wage income of manufacturing and production service industry as different raw material inputs; government to production type The rent-free policy and scientific and technological achievements of the service industry are rewarded as production lines, and the revenue of the manufacturing industry is invested as different raw materials.

(3) Investment promotion cooperation rules

Manufacturing projects can share investment promotion projects in the form of headquarters + production bases. The specific proportion of land occupation, sales and net sales, and tax sharing ratio are discussed by both parties, but this will increase the operating cost of the company by 2% (based on annual sales). It shall be compensated separately by the government where the production base is located each year, and other economic indicators such as new employment shall be included in the government group where the production base is located.

(4) Land rules

Land is divided into industrial land (for manufacturing projects), residential land (for residential buildings), commercial services (for commercial development), and public utilities (for hospitals, cultural venues, foundations for government investment) Education schools), local governments can customize the scale of four types of land each year.

The way in which each group obtains land is cash compensation for land acquisition, and the total amount of land acquired per year (mu) <= the resident population*1% in the initial state. The compensation price per square meter is not lower than the compensation price of the previous year. The compensation price per mu of urban demolition in the initial year is the per capita GDP of the previous year*10, and it rises with the increase of local per capita GDP at that time (system automatic comparison, compensation price is higher than the previous year). If the per capita GDP exceeds the highest, the resident satisfaction index is the highest, otherwise it will decrease in proportion. Each year, the land left over from the original manufacturer can be developed and utilized by the method of changing cages, but the land cost must be paid according to the land price of the year. Demand for residential land = new population of *0.04 mu in the previous year, per mu of residential land transfer government profit = 50% * land cost price, land cost price = land acquisition compensation price * 2 (assuming land leveling and three links and one level cost = Land acquisition compensation price)

(5) Public utility investment

Public investment is divided into three categories: hospitals, cultural and sports venues (such as stadiums, museums, parks, libraries, children's palaces, etc.) and basic education schools. The investment intensity of each type is divided into three levels: the third level is expansion, the second level is small new construction, and the first level is large new construction. The scale of land used for service industries at different levels is different.

Scale of land occupied by different public utilities (unit: mu)

Investment intensity of different public utilities (unit: 10,000 yuan/mu)

New employment in different public institutions (unit: person)

Financial subsidies for public institutions: annual salary of 100,000 yuan per employee

If the number and level of public utility operators are insufficient, it will lower the happiness index of residents and reduce the attractiveness of senior talents in the service industry.

Maximum service capacity of different public institutions (unit: number of people served)

(6) Government revenue and financing methods

Local government revenue: divided into three parts: local government open budget revenue, central tax return and transfer payment. Among them, the local government's open budget revenue is divided into tax and non-tax revenue. In this experiment, the government public service does not include all the population and industry. It is assumed that the tax and land use rights auction proceeds as the total fiscal revenue of the experimental government (that is, the government expenditure in this experiment is all derived from tax), other non-tax revenue, central taxation. Return and transfer payments can be used to serve other stock populations and industries.

The taxes in this experiment include: 17% tax rate for local manufacturing enterprises, 6% for life service industry, 11% for basic production service industry, and 6% for high-end production service industry. VAT is shared 50% by the central and local governments. Manufacturing and service industries VAT surcharges are levied at 12% VAT and are all local. All corporate income tax is subject to a 25% tax rate, and personal income tax is levied at progressive rates. 60% of the income tax is at the central level and 40% is at the local level. Land use taxes and property taxes are all owned by local governments. Other taxes are not counted.

Each group can be financed by a government financing platform with a one-year annual interest rate of 5% and a two-year annual interest rate of 10%. The annual income will be used to repay interest and principal. The loan balance does not exceed the fiscal revenue of the previous year. Each group can borrow funds from each other and set their own interest rates.

________ Inter-bank lending table (unit: 10,000)

(7) New enterprise construction and development rules

The manufacturing industry will have risks during the construction period, and the system will randomly generate changes in the delay time and investment amount of different enterprises. Once the project is completed, the system will generate sales and net sales based on the investment amount (calculation of GDP data, and other: sales-net sales = industrial relevance index, that is, the amount of raw materials to be purchased) and new employment.

Production service industry sales this year:

The bulk of the business and logistics sales of this group = the sales of manufacturing enterprises in the region in the current period * 0.1 + the sum of the GDP of the previous years * 0.3 / (the total vitality index of each group / the vitality index of the group) ²

Sales of the financial industry of this group = sales of manufacturing enterprises in the region in the current period *0.05+ (per capita GDP of the previous year/per capita GDP of each group)* the sum of GDP of each group in the previous year*0.01/ (each group of the industry) Total Vitality Index / This group of industry vitality index) ²

Other production services industry sales calculation formula is equivalent to bulk trade and logistics.

Number of employees in productive service industry = sales / 150,000;

Tax paid = sales *0.06;

Raw material cost = 0;

The land for productive services is calculated and increased annually by the total amount. However, when it is reduced, only the land is vacated for future use, and the nature of use is not changed.

At the end of the year, the system automatically calculates the unemployed population of each group of productive services in the above data (the difference between the sales at the end of the year and the sales at the end of last year to calculate the unemployed population), tax contribution, and GDP contribution.

Sales of life service industry = GDP of the region in the previous year*0.3* (per capita GDP of the previous year in the region/average GDP per capita of each group) ²

(8) External risk rules

The teacher inputs or selects external risks in the system, such as the central bank tightening monetary policy, export tax rebate adjustment, certain industrial policy changes, housing financial policy changes, etc., and then select the affected industries and degrees, the system will be related to the sales of related enterprises, Adjustments in net sales, new employment, and sales of residential land may affect corporate vitality index and government revenue.

(9) Enterprise migration rules

Every year, the government determines the land use tax and property tax (in thousands of yuan / mu) this year, this tax will be used as local government revenue, but too high will lead to a decline in corporate vitality index.

Will lose 10% of the current year's output value, must re-recruit 80% of employees. In the previous year, when the enterprise vitality index was 20% less than the average of all manufacturing or service industry vitality indexes of each group in this year, 10% of such enterprises would migrate (the area that was moved out of the region according to the previous year of the industry in the region) Stock calculation, that is, sales and net sales decreased by 10% year-on-year, and the employed population decreased by 10%*80% of the industry's average employed population; sales and sales of the out-migration area increased by sales in the out-migration area. And net sales of *90%, new employment population = reduced employment in the immigration area, returning to 100% of output value after one year).

(10) Talent competition

It depends on the value of attracting high-level talents and the demand for talents in the local industry. Each group fills in high-level talent subsidies (one-time subsidies for donations and annual research subsidies for three years) to compete for high-level talents, and the system will assign weights based on the scores of senior talent subsidies. Senior talents are divided into manufacturing technical talents and service industry technical talents.

The total number of external high-level talents = IF (average subsidy <5,0,IF (-0.5016* average subsidy* average subsidy* average subsidy+17.43* average subsidy* average subsidy+29.263* average subsidy+455<the number of external high-level talents in the previous year) /2, the number of external high-level talents in the previous year/2, ROUND ((-0.5016* average subsidy * average subsidy * average subsidy + 17.43 * average subsidy * average subsidy + 29.263 * average subsidy + 455) / 10) * 10) ): Average subsidy = one-time home subsidy / 3 + annual research subsidy. The number of external high-level manufacturing talents: the number of external high-level service industry talents = the amount of new manufacturing projects invested this year: the amount of investment in new business services. The competition for manufacturing talents must also consider the total amount of investment in manufacturing in the previous year. The competition for talents in the service industry should also consider the level and quantity of public facilities in the previous year.

(11) Transfer subsidies

For the last group in the ranking, the transfer subsidy is given by the teacher or the system. The transfer subsidy amount is set by the teacher but does not exceed the fiscal deficit of the group in the previous year.

(12) Corporate services

Enterprise service competition: Each group selects an industry analysis each year to illustrate how the government should provide a good service environment for the industry (such as how to help companies recruit or retain senior talents, how to assist companies to obtain technology reform funds, and how to help companies build technology. Obtaining channels, etc.), you can also compare the actual implementation of the national tax, local tax, science and technology, social security, environmental protection, industry and commerce, and other preferential policies. The scores of each group will be used as the government service awareness score to influence the local enterprise vitality index. . Scoring method: teacher score *0.5 + scores of students in each group *0.5, at least 3 scoring dimensions (such as whether the draft is 1 point, lively and interesting 4 points, professional level 5 points, lively fun and professional level to adopt mandatory level system Each level differs by 1 point, and each score level does not exceed 3/8 of the number of participating groups.

(13) Industry Summit

Organizing high-end industry conferences and events will increase the company's vitality index. High-end industry conferences are invested by the government.

Industry high-end conference scale (person) = local enterprise output value of the industry (100 million) * 10 + 10 * other groups of industry output value (100 million) * / the number of conference groups held in the industry + government conference investment amount (million) / 100 ;

________ Group Industry Summit Policy Table (Unit: 10,000)

(14) Index rules

Related index calculation rules:

● Government fiscal revenue: income = current tax for all newly added companies + transfer allowance for the year + land use tax and property tax. Expenditure = public utility investment this year + financial subsidy expenditure this year - borrowed interest on funds;

●

A certain type of manufacturing vitality index = the degree of industrial concentration * 10 + manufacturing high-level talent comparison value * 10 + industry high-end meeting comparison value * 10 + government service level + land use tax and property tax comparison value * 10;

The average manufacturing vitality index of this group = the sum of various manufacturing vitality indexes of this group / the number of manufacturing categories of this group + the average vitality index of productive services;

The average manufacturing vigor index for the year = the sum of the various manufacturing vigor indices of each group/the sum of the number of manufacturing groups in each group;

●

This year's group of service industry vitality index = new employment ratio in this year * 100 + service industry a certain degree of industry concentration * 10 + service industry senior talents comparison value * 10;

Residents' happiness index before correction = increase in public investment happiness index * increase in happiness index brought by senior service personnel * minimum wage happiness index;

● The added value of a certain type of public investment happiness index = the total number of new service capacity* grades of a certain type of public institutions in the past years (level 1 is 1, level 2 is 1.5, level 3 is 2) / the sum of new employment population over the years.

●

● Minimum wage happiness index: (the lowest wage of this group / the average minimum wage of each group)

●Environmental protection index: by the group at the end of the sand table, the online inspection of the enterprises in the region is exposed by the environmental protection exposure, and the exposure of a resident happiness index is deducted by 10 points (the maximum happiness index of the residents is 100 points, and the others are deducted on the basis of 10 deductions) Minute);

Residents' happiness index = 100 × the group's pre-corrected residents' happiness index / the maximum value of the former residents' happiness index - the environmental protection index.

(15) Assessment indicators

● New employment accounts for the proportion of permanent residents

●Corporate vitality index=The average vigor index of the manufacturing industry this year + the average vigor index of the life service industry of this group this year

● Increase in per capita GDP (calculated by resident population)

● Residents' happiness index.

1. Public Management Environmental Cognition and Four Functional Experiments

Table 1 Public Management Environment Cognition and Four Functional Experimental Projects

(1) Experimental procedure (work procedure)

Establish 8 teams (each consisting of 4-6 people), and determine 8 local governments in 8 different regions represented by 8 teams, that is, 8 large sand tables on the simulated sand table, representing the government sand table, and named Or number.

Rules introduction, icebreaking;

Division of responsibilities: Serve as a member of the Local Investment Promotion Bureau, the Development and Reform Bureau, the Land Bureau, the Finance Bureau, the People's Insurance Bureau, the Environmental Protection Bureau and the Public Service Bureau, and set up a sandbox for each department within the scope of each government sand table. Name it.

Organize regional surveys, collect local fiscal revenues, industry distribution of industries with regional characteristics, industry, GDP, resident population data, geography, traffic conditions, and special resources; all collected social data are carried out on the sand table in the form of chips. Show that the data belongs to which department, the chip is placed under the sandbox corresponding to the department.

Analyze the gap between regional representative enterprises and listed companies in the same industry: investment amount, construction period, products and services, land use scale, land use attributes, sales, raw material costs, taxes paid, and number of employees.

(2) Experimental results

The relationship between the development of each region and the public environment;

How this public environmental research reflects the four functions of planning, organizing, coordinating and controlling.

2. Public policy design, implementation and evaluation experiments

Table 2 Public policy design, implementation and evaluation of experimental projects

(1) Experimental procedure (work procedure):

Determining factor endowments: using different chips to represent resources and population, analyzing the resources, population, and industrial environment of the region; comparing external industrial projects, human resources, and industrial resources and land resource carrying capacity in the competition, the above indicators All displayed in chips.

Formulate land policy, public utility planning, enterprise services, talent services, and people's livelihood service goals, set targets for each position, formulate policies and measures, summarize factors affecting public policy implementation in different regional environments; compare policy objectives, and evaluate public policy implementation effect;

(2) Experimental results:

Through learning, students are basically familiar with the nature of public policy and the type of public policy;

Have the general ability to implement and design public policies.

3. Public finance management experiment

Table 3 Public Finance Management Experimental Project

(1) Experimental procedure (work procedure):

Revenues of various regional governments come from land finance, manufacturing and service industry taxation, superior transfer payments, and various functional departments prepare budgets; determine annual public finance expenditures, including public utility investment, purchase expenditures, transfer expenditures, etc. Display in the form of additions and subtractions;

Compare the government financing methods in reality and determine the government financing methods in this experiment;

Summarize the implementation of public finance budget, analyze the reasons and propose improvement measures;

(2) Experimental results:

Analysis of public budget revenue and expenditure structure.

4. Government performance management experiment

Table 4 Government Performance Management Experimental Project

(1) Experimental procedure (work procedure):

Analyze which policies may affect long-term government performance and short-term performance;

Understand the indicator system and core content of the scientific performance concept;

Analyze the relationship between these indicators;

Analyze the influencing factors of these indicators; calculate the influencing factors and calculate the actual impact of the factors, and the results of the impacts are displayed with chips;

Compare the difference between government evaluation indicators and experimental indicators in reality, and reflect on the guiding role of performance indicators on government behavior;

(2) Experimental results:

The content and indicators of the scientific performance concept;

Policies and methods for achieving performance indicators.

5. Enterprise-based government and public management reform innovation experiment

Table 5 Enterprise Government and Public Management Reform Innovation Experiment Project

(1) Experimental procedure (work procedure):

Distinguish between the needs of businesses and the public for public goods and services;

Clear the scope of the corporate government's responsibilities, and the content and process of government work in this experiment;

Consider whether the scope of public services in this experiment matches government performance indicators;

Investigate the actual situation of government public services in the area represented by the group, and analyze whether it conforms to the characteristics of enterprise-type government;

(2) Experimental results:

The functions of the enterprise government in this experiment;

Evaluate the transformation of government effectiveness in the regions represented by this group.

6. Crisis management and government decision-making experiments

Table 6 Crisis Management and Government Decision-Making Experimental Project

(1) Experimental procedure (work procedure):

Identify the cause of the public crisis in the experiment, and show the impact of the disaster on the government with chips;

Formulate crisis management plans and government decision-making procedures;

For the specific crisis events in the experiment, analyze the real state of the incident and execute the plan;

Summarize how to deal with the four stages of reduction, readiness, response, and recovery in dealing with public crises;

(2) Training results

Crisis management case analysis and countermeasures;

Training platform configuration;

The physical sandbox recommends the use of separate classrooms. According to the training and competition requirements of the college, the recommended laboratory size is about 120 square meters.

·Tables and furnishings

In order to ensure the learning effect, generally a group of 4-6 people is suitable, divided into 9 groups, need to prepare 10 1.6M × 1.2M table.

·Operating computer

The instructor needs a computer to showcase the course content and control the entire learning process and the dynamics of each study group. Students are grouped into groups, each team has at least one computer, and is networked with the teacher's computer to simulate operational operations and access to operational data.

·projector

There should be a projector in the classroom, preferably installed on the ceiling, which is convenient for layout and does not affect the movement of people in the classroom. The brightness of the projector is at least 2,500 lumens, which can meet the needs of the students at the end of the classroom.

·Whiteboard

Prepare a whiteboard for writing and writing.

·Audio and microphone

Due to the strong interaction of the sand table teaching, there are more discussion sessions in the classroom. It is recommended that the laboratory be equipped with audio and microphone.

Teacher-side function

Teaching management module

Ability to perform basic management of the student team: including the name of the team leader, the team leader number, the group leader's phone number, the group name, class information, group size, etc.

Team member rating: You can register the names of each team member, the division of labor, the number of sick leave, the number of absences, the results of team awareness assessment, the performance ranking of the group, the evaluation of teamwork, and record the internship results of each student. Student Individual Performance Score = Team Score + Experiment Report + Team Internal Evaluation + Attendance Rate.

Team Rating: The team can be scored from four dimensions, including new employment as a percentage of resident population, corporate vitality index, resident happiness, answer and experiment report. The weights of the above four dimensions can be manually modified by the teacher.

2. External project investment competition module

The externally-oriented manufacturing project is automatically generated: the system simulates the investment amount of different leading manufacturing projects.

The external supporting manufacturing and service industry projects are automatically generated: the system simulates the investment amount of different supporting manufacturing monthly service industry projects.

Competition for attracting investment: Each group will report the government efficiency reform model, land price, one-time investment promotion incentives, and minimum wage policy. The system will allocate the amount of investment funds obtained by each group according to the score weight.

3. External high-end talent competition module

External high-end talent generation: The system will generate a high-end talent supply curve based on the average talent subsidy.

External high-end talent competition: Each group fills in high-end talent subsidies (one-time home subsidies and annual research subsidies within three years) to compete for high-level talents, and the system will assign weights according to the high-end talent subsidy scores. In the manufacturing talent competition, it is necessary to consider the total amount of investment in the newly added manufacturing industry. The competition in the service industry must also consider the level and quantity of the newly added public facilities.

4. Tax refund and transfer subsidies

The tax refund amount of each group can be automatically generated, and the transfer payment can be performed for the group with a lower comprehensive score.

5. Residents' happiness

Can automatically generate the current happiness value of residents

6. External risks

External risks can be generated, such as the government's efficiency reform is blocked, the industrial environment is severe, and external economic fluctuations cause investment to be blocked.

7, performance query

The performance of each group can be inquired, and the VAT, new employment, transfer subsidies, high-end talent subsidies, minimum wage, land income, etc. can be checked.

(2) Student function

Each student has eight functions of inputting group member information, finance and land planning, investment attraction and municipal engineering, public investment, talent introduction and enterprise migration, crisis management, government revenue, and balance of payments.

1) Entering member information

The member number, name, position, etc. can be entered, and the group information including the name of the group leader, the student number, the telephone number, the name of the group, and the number of the group can be entered.

2) Financial and land planning module

Budget: Capital planning, carry out the government budget at the current level of this year, and receive the financial transfer subsidy from the higher level.

Government financing: One-year, two-year, and three-year local government bonds can be issued for financing.

Land expropriation: If the financial situation is tight, determine the amount of land acquisition, compensation price, payment of land acquisition, and recycle the vacant land in the manufacturing and service industries as land reserves.

Land planning: According to the investment attraction and people's livelihood, determine the land area of residential, industrial and service industries and public utilities this year.

3) Investment promotion and municipal engineering

Government efficiency reform: The government efficiency reform model can be selected and the cost of government reform can be paid.

Investment Promotion: Divided into leading manufacturing and supporting manufacturing industries, attracting land, increasing employment and estimating new value-added tax.

Municipal works: The government can decide whether to invest in municipal projects and pay for the purchase of services.

4) Public utility investment

Public investment: invest in different levels of hospitals, cultural venues, and basic education schools.

Public utility operations: determine the number of hospitals, cultural and sports venues, basic education service population and the number of employed people, and the resulting increase in the happiness of residents.

5) Talent introduction and business migration

Talent introduction: All district and county governments need to introduce various subsidy policies to attract high-end talents in the manufacturing industry and high-end talents in the service industry.

Corporate migration: If the local company's vitality index is not high, there will be companies moving out, which will affect local employment and GDP.

6) Crisis management

Crisis management: All district and county governments will face various risks during their operations and will take corresponding measures for different risks.

7) Government fiscal revenue

Land income: including income from the transfer of industrial, commercial, and residential land.

Taxation: Taxation is based on the local business conditions of different industries, and the amount of central government finances is determined.

8) Balance calculation

The system can intelligently generate a break-even accounting table based on each group of operational data.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, and is not to be construed as being limited to the other embodiments, but may be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments. Modifications can be made by the techniques or knowledge of the above teachings or related art within the scope of the teachings herein. All changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

The public management method based on the simulated sandbox is characterized in that the sandbox represents the infrastructure in the society and the simulation is carried out by using the chips to represent various social data, including the following steps:

Public environment modeling and functional analysis: Based on the principle of simulating the sand table, establish a government sand table representing the local government model under the current administrative division, and a departmental sand table representing the functional department model, and configure the chips representing the social resource data for each government sand table and department sand table. Count the data of various functional departments and analyze the gap between regional representative enterprises and listed companies in the same industry, and the results are displayed in the form of chips;

Public policy design, implementation and evaluation: According to the data chips under the government sand table, analyze and formulate public policies, implement the established policies and make a summary analysis of the implementation results, and the impact of the policies on the implementation results are represented by relative chips;

Public financial management: statistics on the financial revenue and expenditure of each government under the sand table, and propose improvement measures based on the analysis of the implementation of the budget;

Government Performance Management: Analyze policies that affect government performance and present them in the form of chips, summarizing the guiding role of performance indicators on local government behavior;

Enterprise-type government and public management reform and innovation: arranging the chips representing the functions of the enterprise-type government, analyzing the functions of the enterprise-type government and analyzing and evaluating the transformation of local government effectiveness;

Crisis management and government decision-making: configure the chips that represent the cause of public crisis, analyze the causes of public crisis, and formulate crisis management plans and government decision-making procedures.
The public sandbox-based public management method according to claim 1, wherein the step of public environment modeling and function analysis comprises: establishing a local government sand table in different regions, and establishing each sandbox under each local government. The functional department sand table; formulate the rules of each functional department, determine the rules of each functional department to be consistent with the social reality, and count the social data of each local government to display with the chips, and analyze the regional representative enterprises according to the collected data. The gap between listed companies in the same industry.
The public sandbox-based public management method according to claim 2, wherein the social data comprises local fiscal revenue, industrial distribution and industry of the regional characteristic enterprises, GDP, resident population data, geography, and traffic conditions. Characteristic resources; the gap between the representative enterprises in the analysis area and the listed companies in the same industry includes the investment amount, construction period, products and services, land use scale, land use attributes, sales, raw material costs, taxes paid, and the number of employees; Configure the corresponding chips separately, and label the chips to distinguish them;

Among them, the fiscal year's surplus funds: the previous year's fiscal revenue * 0.02;

Industry distribution and output value of regional characteristic enterprises: the first category is manufacturing and construction, the second is productive services, and the third is life services;

Resident population refers to the population living and working in the region;

Operating costs of different location enterprises: increase in transportation costs = sales in the previous year * {(average price of the whole class last year - land price of the previous year) / 2} / land price of the previous year; increase in staff cost of capital-intensive enterprises = last year Sales*{(average price of the whole class in the previous year--the land price of the previous year)/4}/the land price of the previous year; the reduction of the staff cost of the labor-intensive enterprises=the number of workers in the previous year* (the average per capita GDP of the previous year) Last year, the per capita GDP of this group/per capita GDP of the previous year; information opportunities led to sales decrease = sales in the previous year*{(average GDP per capita of the previous year - per capita GDP of the previous year) / per capita of the previous year GDP}.
The public sandbox-based public management method according to claim 1, wherein the public policy design, execution, and evaluation specifically include determining factor endowments, analyzing resources, population, and industrial environment of the region; Industrial projects, human resources and industrial resources and land resources carrying capacity in the region; formulate land policy, public enterprise planning, enterprise services, talent services, and people's livelihood service goals; set targets for each position, formulate policy measures; summarize different regional environments Factors affecting the implementation of public policies; compare policy objectives and assess the effectiveness of public policy implementation;

The public policy design includes:

Inviting investment rules: Each period is simulated by the system to simulate foreign investors, and each group attracts foreign investors through policy concessions, service efficiency, and talent advantages;

Land rules: The land is divided into industrial land, residential land, commercial service land, and public utility land. Each local government can customize the scale of four types of land use each year; the total amount of land acquired per year (mu) ≤ the initial resident population *1%, residential Land demand = new population of *0.04 mu in the previous year, per mu of residential land transfer government profit = 50% * land cost price, land cost price = land acquisition compensation price * 2;

Public investment rules: Public investment is divided into three categories: hospitals, cultural and sports venues, and basic education schools; all types of investment intensity are divided into three levels: three levels are expansion, two levels are small new construction, and first level is large new construction. The scale of land occupied by the service industry is different;

Government revenue and financing method rules: divided into three parts: local government open budget revenue, central tax rebate and transfer payment. Taxes include: local manufacturing enterprise value-added tax at 17%, life service industry VAT rate 6%, basic production The service industry value-added tax is 11%, the high-end production service industry value-added tax is 6%, the value-added tax is shared by the central and local governments 50%; the manufacturing and service industry VAT is levied at 12% of the value-added tax, all of which are local; All corporate income tax is subject to a 25% tax rate, personal income tax is levied at progressive rates, 60% of income tax is at the central level, 40% is at the local level; land use tax and property tax are all owned by the local government;

New corporate construction and development rules:

The bulk of the business and logistics sales of this group = sales of manufacturing enterprises in the region in the current period * 0.1 + the sum of GDP of each group in the previous year * 0.3 / (the total vitality index of each group / the vitality index of the group) 2 ;

Sales of the financial industry of this group = sales of manufacturing enterprises in the region in the current period *0.05+ (per capita GDP of the previous year/per capita GDP of each group)* the sum of GDP of each group in the previous year*0.01/ (each group of the industry) Total vitality index / the group's vitality index of the industry) 2 ;

Number of employees in the production service industry = sales / 150,000, tax paid = sales * 0.06, raw material cost = 0;

Sales of life service industry = GDP of the region in the previous year*0.3* (per capita GDP of the previous year in the region/average GDP per capita of each group) 2 ;

Talent competition rules:

The total number of external high-level talents = IF (average subsidy <5,0,IF (-0.5016* average subsidy* average subsidy* average subsidy+17.43* average subsidy* average subsidy+29.263* average subsidy+455<the number of external high-level talents in the previous year) /2, the number of external high-level talents in the previous year/2, ROUND ((-0.5016* average subsidy * average subsidy * average subsidy + 17.43 * average subsidy * average subsidy + 29.263 * average subsidy + 455) / 10) * 10) ): average subsidy = one-time home subsidy / 3 + annual research subsidy;

Index rules:

Government fiscal revenue: income = current tax for all newly added companies + transfer allowance for the year + land use tax and property tax,

Expenditure = public utility investment this year + financial subsidy expenditure this year - borrowed interest on funds;
The public sandbox-based public management method according to claim 1, wherein the public finance management specifically includes revenues of various regional governments derived from land finance, manufacturing and service industry taxes, superior transfer payments, and various functional departments. Prepare the budget; determine the annual public finance expenditure, including public enterprise investment, purchase expenditure, and transfer expenditure; compare the actual government financing methods, determine the government financing methods in this experiment; summarize the public finance budget implementation, analyze the reasons and propose improvement measures.
The public sandbox-based public management method according to claim 1, wherein the government performance management specifically includes analyzing which policies may affect the long-term performance and short-term performance of the government; and understanding the index system and core content of the scientific performance concept, Analyze the relationship between these indicators, analyze the influencing factors of these indicators and use the chip to represent, compare the difference between the government evaluation indicators and the experimental indicators in reality, and reflect on the guiding role of performance indicators on government behavior.
The public sandbox-based public management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the enterprise-type government and public management reform innovation specifically includes distinguishing the demand of the enterprise and the public for public goods and services, and clarifying the responsibility of the enterprise-type government. Scope, and the content and process of government work in this experiment, consider whether the public service scope and government efficiency indicators in this experiment match, investigate the actual situation of government public services in the area represented by the group, and analyze whether it conforms to the characteristics of enterprise-type government.
The public sandbox-based public management method according to claim 1, wherein the crisis management and the government decision-making specifically include identifying a cause of a public crisis in the experiment, formulating a crisis management plan and a government decision-making procedure, and aiming at the experiment. Specific crisis events, analyze the true state of the incident, implement the plan, and summarize how the four links of reduction, preparation, response, and recovery are reflected in dealing with public crises.
The training platform of the public sandbox-based public management method according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the platform comprises a teacher end and a student end, and the teacher end comprises the following modules:

Teaching Management Module: Ability to perform basic management of team members, team member ratings, and team ratings;

External project investment competition module: The system simulates the investment amount of different leading manufacturing projects and the investment amount of different supporting manufacturing monthly service industry projects. Each group fills in the government efficiency reform mode, land price, one-time investment promotion incentive, and minimum wage policy. The system will assign the amount of investment funds obtained by each group according to the score weight;

External high-end talent competition module: The system will generate high-end talent supply curve according to the average subsidy of talents. Each group will report high-end talent subsidies to compete for high-level talents. The system will be distributed according to the weight of high-end talent subsidy; the manufacturing talent competition should also consider the cumulative new manufacturing. The total amount of investment in the industry, the competition in the service industry must also consider the level and quantity of accumulated public facilities;

Auxiliary modules: including tax return and transfer subsidies, residents' happiness, external risks and performance inquiries;

The student includes the following modules:

Information entry module: input group member information;

Financial and land planning module: fund planning, carry out the government budget at the current level of this year, and receive the financial transfer subsidy from the higher level. It can issue one-year, two-year and three-year local government bonds for financing. If the financial situation is tight, determine this. The amount of land requisitioned, the price of compensation, the payment of land acquisition, and the recycling of the vacant land for the manufacturing and service industries as land reserves: According to the investment attraction and the people's livelihood, determine the land area for housing, industry and service, and public utilities this year;

Investment Promotion and Municipal Engineering Module: The government efficiency reform model can be selected and the government reform cost can be paid. The leading manufacturing industry and supporting manufacturing industry will attract investment, occupying the land quantity, adding employment and estimating new value-added tax. Decide whether to invest in municipal works and pay for the purchase of services;

Public utility investment module: invest in different levels of hospitals, cultural venues, and basic education schools to determine the number of hospitals, cultural and sports venues, basic education service population and employment population, and the resulting increase in residents' happiness;

Talent introduction and enterprise migration module: All district and county governments need to introduce various subsidy policies to attract high-end talents in the manufacturing industry and high-end talents in the service industry. If the local enterprise vitality index is not high, there will be enterprises moving out, which will affect local employment and GDP;

Crisis management module: All district and county governments will face various risks during their operation, and will take corresponding measures for different risks;

Government fiscal revenue module: including the income from the transfer of industrial, commercial and residential land, taxation according to the local business operations of different industries, and determining the amount of central government finances;

Break-even accounting module: The system can intelligently generate a break-even accounting table based on each group of operational data.
The training platform based on the public sandbox-based public management method according to claim 9, wherein the team member scores: registering the names of the team members, the division of labor, the number of sick leave, the number of absences, the result of the team awareness assessment, Rank performance of the group, evaluate team cooperation, and record the internship results of each student; student personal performance score = team score + experiment report + internal team evaluation + attendance rate;

Team Rating: The team can be scored from four dimensions, including the proportion of new employment to the resident population, the company's vitality index, the happiness value of the residents, the answer and the experimental report. The weights of the above four dimensions can be manually modified by the teacher.