Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/04—Inotropic agents, i.e. stimulants of cardiac contraction; Drugs for heart failure
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/275—Nitriles; Isonitriles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
  • A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]

Definitions

• the present invention relates to using dapansutrile, or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts for treating Schnitzler's syndrome,
• Schnitzler's syndrome is a rare disabling disorder; it is an autoinflammatory syndrome characterized by recurrent episodes of inflammation, which occurs in the absence of autoantibodies and antigen specific T cells.
• a diagnosis of Schnitzler's syndrome is based upon a thorough clinical evaluation, a detailed patient history, exclusion of other disorders, and identification of characteristic findings, specifically a urticarial rash, an IgM or IgG component and at least two of the following findings: intermittent unexplained fever, arthralgia or arthritis, bone pain, lymphadenopathy, hepato- or splenomegaly, an acute phase response, and abnormal findings on bone morphological investigations (Lipsker et al, Medicine (Baltimore) 2001; 8Q(l):37-44; Schnitzler et al., Ann Dermatol Venereal 1989; 1 16(8):547-550).
• the recombinant IL-IRa anakinra was evaluated as a potential treatment and found to rapidly control all the symptoms of this syndrome.
• Clinical benefit of anakinra treatment is observed often within a few hours on urticaria and within a few days on C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and leukocytosis.
• CRP C-reactive protein
• anakinra has been used off-label.
• the short half-life of anakinra (4 to 6 hours) requires daily subcutaneous injections, which occasionally lead to strong local injection site reactions.
• Canakinumab is a fully human selective monoclonal anti-IL- ⁇ antibody with a half- life of 28 days. It has also been administered off-label monthly to subjects as an effective and well -tolerated therapy for Schnitzler's syndrome (Vanderschueren 2012). Rilonacept (IL-1 inhibitor) has also been shown to reduce clinical symptoms and inflammatory markers in subjects with Schnitzler's syndrome for up to 1 year (Krause 2012), However, given the burden of painful daily (anakinra), weekly (rilonacept), or monthly (canakinumab) injections, high treatment costs for biologies and ineffective alternative treatments, a safe and effective approved oral treatment for Schnitzler's would be an ideal solution for subjects dealing with this rare syndrome.
• FIG. 1 shows the inhibition of IL- ⁇ ⁇ from human macrophages treated in vitro with dapansutrile.
• FIG. 2 shows the levels of IL- ⁇ in synovial membrance of mice treated with dapansutrile or untreated mice.
• FIG. 3 A shows the results of Western blots for caspase-1 (p45 and P10) of cell lysates (Lys) and supernatant (Sup) from J774A.1 cells following LPS/ATP stimulation in mouse J774A.1 cells.
• FIG. 3B shows the results of Mean ⁇ SEM of caspase-1 activity in J774A.1 cells lysates following LPS and nigericin (NIG) stimulation in presence of 50 ⁇ M dapansutrile (OLT 1 17).
• dapansutrile inhibits the oligomerization of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which in turn prevents the activation of caspase-1 and the maturation of pro-IL- ⁇ and pro-IL-18 to their active forms IL- ⁇ and IL-18, respectively.
• dapansutrile inhibits the processing and release of IL- ⁇ , but not the synthesis of the IL- ⁇ precursor.
• the inventor has discovered that dapansutrile is effective in improving the symptoms of Schnitzler's syndrome.
• the present invention is directed to a method for treating Schnitzler's syndrome.
• the method comprises the step of administering to a subject suffering from Schmtzler's syndrome an effective amount of dapansutrile, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to treat
• the present invention uses a purified compound of dapansutrile (3- methanesulfonylpropionitrile), or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof:
• Solvates are sovates that retain the desired biological activity of the parent compound and do not impart undesired toxicological effects.
• Solvates are addition complexes in which the compound is combined with an acceptable co- solvent in some fixed proportion,
• Co-solvents include, but are not limited to, water, ethyl acetate, lauryl lactate, myristyl lactate, cetyl lactate, isopropYL myri state, methanol, ethanol, 1- propanol, isopropanol, 1-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetonitrile, benzene, toulene, xylene(s), ethylene glycol, dichlorom ethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, N-methylformamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylacetamide, pyridine, dio
• the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and an active compound of dapansutrile, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a solvate thereof.
• pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical compositions in general is in an amount of about 0.01 -20%, or 0.05-20%, or 0.1-20%, or 0.2- 15%. or 0.5-10%, or 1-5% (w/w), for a topical formulation; about 0.1-5% for an injectable formulation, 0.1-5% for a patch formulation, about 1-90% for a tablet formulation, and 1-100% for a capsule formulation.
• the active compound used in the pharmaceutical composition in general is at least 90%, preferably 95%, or 98%, or 99% (w/w) pure.
• the pharmaceutical composition is in a dosage form such as tablets, capsules, granules, fine granules, powders, syrups, suppositories, injectable solutions, patches, or the like.
• the active compound is incorporated into any acceptable carrier, including creams, gels, lotions or other types of suspensions that can stabilize the active compound and deliver it to the affected area by topical applications.
• the above pharmaceutical composition can be prepared by conventional methods.
• Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, which are inactive ingredients can be selected by those skilled in the art using conventional criteria. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include, but are not limited to, non-aqueous based solutions, suspensions, emulsions, microemulsions, mi cellar solutions, gels, and ointments.
• the pharmaceutically acceptable carriers may also contain ingredients that include, but are not limited to, saline and aqueous electrolyte solutions, ionic and nonionic osmotic agents such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, glycerol, and dextrose; pH adjusters and buffers such as salts of hydroxide, phosphate, citrate, acetate, borate; and trol amine; antioxidants such as salts, acids and/or bases of bisulfite, sulfite, metabi sulfite, thiosulfite, ascorbic acid, acetyl cysteine, cysteine, glutathione, butyiated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxy toluene, tocopherols, and ascorbyl palmitate; surfactants such as lecithin, phospholipids, including but not limited to
• methylcellulose and their salts petroleum derivatives such as mineral oil and white petrolatum; fats such as lanolin, peanut oil, palm oil, soybean oil; mono-, di ⁇ , and
• triglycerides polymers of acrylic acid such as carboxypoiymethylene gel, and
• hydrophobicaUv modified cross-linked aery late copolymer polysaccharides such as dextrans and glycosaminoglycans such as sodium hyaiuronate.
• Such pharmaceutically acceptable carriers may be preserved against bacterial contamination using well-known preservatives, these include, but are not limited to, benzalkonium chloride, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and its salts, benzethonium chloride, chlorhexidine, chlorobutanol, methylparaben, thimerosal, and phenyl ethyl alcohol, or may be formulated as a non-preserved formulation for either single or multiple use.
• a tablet formulation or a capsule formulation of the active compound may contain other excipients that have no bioactivity and no reaction with the active compound.
• Excipients of a tablet may include fillers, binders, lubricants and glidants, disintegrators, wetting agents, and release rate modifiers. Binders promote the adhesion of particles of the formulation and are important for a tablet formulation. Examples of binders include, but not limited to, carboxymethylcellulose, cellulose, ethylcelluiose, hydroxypropyimethylceilulose,
• a patch formulation of the active compound may comprise some inactive ingredients such as 1 ,3-butylene glycol, dihydroxyaluminum aminoacetate, disodium edetate, D- sorbitoi, gelatin, kaolin, methylparaben, polysorbate 80, povidone (polyvinylpyrrolidone), propylene glycol, propylparaben, sodium carboxym ethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, tartaric acid, titanium dioxide, and purified water.
• a patch formulation may also contain skin permeability enhancer such as lactate esters (e.g., lauryl lactate) or di ethylene glycol monoethyl ether.
• Topical formulations including the active compound can be in a form of gel, cream, lotion, liquid, emulsion, ointment, spray, solution, and suspension.
• the inactive ingredients in the topical formulations for example include, but not limited to, lauryl lactate
• emollient/permeation enhancer di ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (emollient/permeation enhancer), DMSO (solubility enhancer), silicone elastomer (rheology/texture modifier), caprylic/capric triglyceride, (emollient), octisalate, (emollient/UV filter), silicone fluid
• emollient/diluent emollient/diluent
• squalene emollient
• sunflower oil emollient
• silicone dioxide thickening agent
• the present invention is directed to a method of treating Schnitzler's syndrome.
• the method comprises the steps of first identifying a subject suffering from Schnitzler's syndrome, and administering to the subject dapansutrile, in an amount effective to treat Schnitzler's syndrome.
• An effective amount is the amount effective to treat a disease by ameliorating the pathological condition or reducing the symptoms of the disease.
• the method reduces or alleviates the disease symptoms by reducing the frequency, intensity and/or duration of chronic urticarial rash and/or fever in a patient with Schnitzler's syndrome.
• the method reduces the elevated blood CRP level in a patient. in one embodiment, the method reduces the clinical scores of the disease symptoms.
• the symptoms on the symptom score list include abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, throwing up, joint pain, muscle pain, wounds in the mouth, skin abnormalities, fatigue, headache, throat pain, nose coldness, chest pain, and otherwise symptom.
• the scores of one day are added up as clinical scores.
• a clinical complete remission in a patient is defined as the disappearance of symptomatology (skin rash, malaise) with a clinical score ⁇ 5 in the absence of fever (temperature > 38.0°C), and normalization of CRP ( ⁇ 10 mg/L) and WBC ( ⁇ 11x10 9 /L).
• CRP CRP
• WBC ⁇ 11x10 9 /L
• the method improves one or more of the following symptoms: intermittent unexplained fever, arthralgia or arthritis, bone pain, lymphadenopathy, hepato- or splenomegaly, an acute phase response, abnormal findings on bone morphological investigations, and abnormal CRP (C-reactive protein) level.
• the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be applied by systemic administration and local administration.
• Systemic administration includes oral, parenteral (such as intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous or rectal), and other systemic routes of administration.
• systemic administration the active compound first reaches plasma and then distributes into target tissues.
• Local administration includes topical administration.
• Dosing of the composition can vary based on the extent of the injur ⁇ ' and each patient's individual response.
• plasma concentrations of the active compound delivered can vary; but are generally 0.1-1000 ,ug/mL or 1-100 ⁇ ig/mL.
• the pharmaceutical composition is administrated orally to the subject.
• the dosage for oral administration is generally at least 0.5 mg/kg/day and less than 100 mg/kg/day.
• the dosage for oral administration is 0.5-100, or 1-50, or 2-50 mg/kg/day, for a human subject.
• the dosage for oral administration is 50-10000 mg/day, and preferably 100-5000, 100-3000, 500-2000, 500-4000 mg/day for a human subject.
• the drug can be orally taken once, twice, three times, or four times a day.
• the pharmaceutical composition is administrated intravenously to the subject.
• the dosage for intravenous bolus injection or intravenous infusion is generally 0.03 to 20 or 0.03 to 10 mg/kg/day.
• the pharmaceutical composition is administrated subcutaneously to the subject.
• the dosage for subcutaneous administration is generally 0.3-20 or 0.3-3 mg/kg/day.
• the present invention may be used in combination with one or more other treatments, e.g., thalidomide, steroids, anakinra, and canakinumab. Dapansutrile can be co-administered with thalidomide, steroids, anakinra, and canakinumab to a patient suffering from
• the present invention is useful in treating a mammal subject, such as humans, horses, and dogs.
• the present invention is particularly useful in treating humans.
• Example 1 Suppression of IL- ⁇ release from human snonocytes-derived macrophages
• PBMCs Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
• GM-CSF GM-CSF
• LPS lipopolysaccharide
• OHTl 177 dapansutrile
• FIG. 1 shows data on the suppression of IL- ⁇ release from human nionocyt.es- derived macrophages, following stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (priming phase) and nigericin (rel ease phase). Maximum suppression effect was observed at 1 ⁇ , ⁇ of dapansutrile.
• mice were further treated with vehicle or dapansutrile (600 mg/kg) at times +1 1hr and +23 hr. Mice were sacrificed 24 hours following the Zymosan intraarticulr idministration. Macroscopic joint swelling was assessed on ail knees after the skin is removed using a scoring system ranging from 0 to 3, with 0 being no swelling and 3 being severe swelling. The results showed that dapansutrile-treated mice had a significant reduction in the joint swelling, when comparing with vehicle-treated mice.
• synovial membrane was taken from one knee per mouse and the cells were lysed for measurement of mouse IL- ⁇ , using an ELISA kit from R&D Systems, Inc., following manufacturer's protocols. The results are shown as mean ⁇ standard error of mean and statistical evaluation is performed.
• FIG. 2 shows that the level of IL- ⁇ in synovial membrane was significantly reduced in mice treated with dapansutrile comparing with untreated mice.
• the remaining knees were also processed for microscopic pathology for assessment of cellular influx into the site of inflammation.
• J774A.1 murine macrophages cells were stimulated with 1 ⁇ ig/ml lipopolysaccharide
• LPS nigericin
• ATP 5 niM
• FIG. 3A shows the results of Western blots for caspase-1 (p45 and p10) of ceil lysates (Lys) and supernatant (Sup) from J774A.1 cells following LPS/ATP stimulation in mouse J774A.1 cells.
• a subunit of activated caspase-1 (p 10) was reduced in J774A.1 cells in the presence of dapansutrile (OLT).
• FIG. 3B shows the results of Mean ⁇ SEM of caspase-1 activity in J774A.1 ceils lysates following LPS and NIG stimulation in presence of 50 ⁇ dapansutrile (OLT1177).
• Caspase-1 (Cas-1) activity was reduced by 35% (p ⁇ 0.05) in an enzymatic assay of cell lysate from stimulated cells in the presence of dapansutrile, comparing with control.
• the study is designed to determine that the administration of dapansutrile prevents a relapse of the symptoms of Schnitzler's syndrome after cessation of anakinra therapy.
• patient's standard dose of anakinra is co-administered, and is gradually- reduced until complete removal of anakinra therapy by study day 15.
• HBV Hepatitis C Virus
• Dapansutrile capsules are self-administered by mouth twice each day (BID) beginning at the Screening/Baseline (Day 1) visit and continuing for a period of 30 days.
• BID Screening/Baseline
• the patient' s standard daily dose of anakinra 50-200 mg is co-administered subcutaneously with dapansutrile.
• the dosing of anakinra is gradually reduced until complete removal of anakinra therapy by study day 15,
• the trial duration is up to 60 days for ail subjects enrolled, which consists of up to 1 1 visits: Screening/Baseline (Day 1), Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 29, Day 30, Day 31, Day 32, Day 36, Day 50 and Day 57.
• CRP C-reactive protein
• Plasma cytokines including: IL- ⁇ ⁇ , IL-IRa, 1L-18, IL-6, TNF-a, sTNFR p55, and sTNFR p75
• Urinary neopterin normalized for urinary creatinine
• SAA Serum Amyloid A
• S 100 proteins S 100A8, S100A9 and S 100A12

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Rheumatology (AREA)
• Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
• Dermatology (AREA)
• Cardiology (AREA)
• Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
• Nutrition Science (AREA)
• Physiology (AREA)
• Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
• Immunology (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
• Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
• Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Related Child Applications (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=65271433

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (2)

Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 2018
  • 2018-08-08 WO PCT/US2018/045752 patent/WO2019032672A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2018-08-08 EP EP18844011.9A patent/EP3664786B1/en active Active
  • 2018-08-08 JP JP2020507622A patent/JP2020530472A/ja active Pending
  • 2018-08-08 AU AU2018313164A patent/AU2018313164A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2020
  • 2020-02-10 US US16/785,917 patent/US20200170990A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (2)

Non-Patent Citations (2)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events