WO2019032459A1 - Laryngoscope - Google Patents
Laryngoscope Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019032459A1 WO2019032459A1 PCT/US2018/045391 US2018045391W WO2019032459A1 WO 2019032459 A1 WO2019032459 A1 WO 2019032459A1 US 2018045391 W US2018045391 W US 2018045391W WO 2019032459 A1 WO2019032459 A1 WO 2019032459A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- blade
- laryngoscope
- light source
- handle
- channel
- Prior art date
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-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/267—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the respiratory tract, e.g. laryngoscopes, bronchoscopes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
- A61B1/00071—Insertion part of the endoscope body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
- A61B1/00105—Constructional details of the endoscope body characterised by modular construction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00112—Connection or coupling means
- A61B1/00121—Connectors, fasteners and adapters, e.g. on the endoscope handle
- A61B1/00128—Connectors, fasteners and adapters, e.g. on the endoscope handle mechanical, e.g. for tubes or pipes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/012—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor
- A61B1/015—Control of fluid supply or evacuation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/012—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor
- A61B1/018—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor for receiving instruments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
- A61B1/0669—Endoscope light sources at proximal end of an endoscope
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/07—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
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- A61B1/24—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the mouth, i.e. stomatoscopes, e.g. with tongue depressors; Instruments for opening or keeping open the mouth
- A61B1/247—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the mouth, i.e. stomatoscopes, e.g. with tongue depressors; Instruments for opening or keeping open the mouth with means for viewing areas outside the direct line of sight, e.g. dentists' mirrors
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- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/30—Devices for illuminating a surgical field, the devices having an interrelation with other surgical devices or with a surgical procedure
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
- A61B10/06—Biopsy forceps, e.g. with cup-shaped jaws
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- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
- A61B2018/00595—Cauterization
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/30—Devices for illuminating a surgical field, the devices having an interrelation with other surgical devices or with a surgical procedure
- A61B2090/304—Devices for illuminating a surgical field, the devices having an interrelation with other surgical devices or with a surgical procedure using chemi-luminescent materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
- A61B2090/3987—Applicators for implanting markers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/09—Guide wires
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M31/00—Devices for introducing or retaining media, e.g. remedies, in cavities of the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1001—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy using radiation sources introduced into or applied onto the body; brachytherapy
- A61N5/1007—Arrangements or means for the introduction of sources into the body
Definitions
- This disclosure generally relates to laryngoscopes.
- Advanced airway management is one of the most critical medical procedures practiced in the operating room, emergency department, intensive care unit, in urgent care centers, in the field, and on the battlefield in both adult and pediatric patients.
- the ability to create an open pathway to a patient's lung(s) in a safe, reliable, and efficient manner is a critical skill that can be enhanced by the creation of quality airway intubation and visualization devices.
- Laryngoscopes were introduced in the 1940s and are widely used today for airway management. There are approximately 21 million laryngoscopy procedures performed every year in the United States. However, currently available laryngoscopes have many limitations and are prone to failure by multiple unpredictable means. As these devices are typically used in emergency situations, failure is not acceptable.
- a laryngoscope includes a curved blade having a proximal end, a distal end, and a first channel.
- the laryngoscope also includes a handle and a second channel.
- the handle includes a non-electric light source including a chemiluminescent light source.
- a catalytic agent in the chemiluminescent light source is activated by pressure on the chemiluminescent light source to generate light that transmits along the first channel.
- the second channel is disposed proximate and through the blade and configured to provide at least oxygen, suction, or an instrumentation into the proximal end and out of the distal end of the blade.
- a handle of a laryngoscope includes a non-electric light source and a connector.
- the non-electric light source may include a chemiluminescent light source.
- a catalytic agent in the chemiluminescent light source is activated by pressure on the catalytic agent within the chemiluminescent light source to generate light.
- the connector is configured to removably attach a blade to the handle.
- the connector includes an optical interface configured to couple the light generated by the chemiluminescent light source to a light channel in the blade.
- laryngoscope includes a curved body and a first channel.
- the curved body widens out from a proximal end to a distal end.
- the first channel is configured to transmit light. At least a part of the body is configured to reflect the light.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of a laryngoscope in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of the laryngoscope in FIG. 1 with a blade detached from a handle in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the laryngoscope in FIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a blade of the laryngoscope in FIG. 1 in
- FIG. 5 is a schematic bottom view of a blade of the laryngoscope in FIG. 1 with a reflective surface in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a blade and a connector of the
- FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a connector attached to a blade of the laryngoscope in FIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of an adaptor connecting an oxygen tube to a channel of the laryngoscope in FIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an example of the laryngoscope in FIGs. 1-8 in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the laryngoscope in FIG. 9 in
- FIG. 11 is a side cross-sectional view of the laryngoscope in FIG. 9 along the line
- A-A in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a front view of the laryngoscope in FIG. 9 in accordance with an
- FIG. 13 is a front cross-sectional view of the laryngoscope in FIG. 9 along the line
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a blade of the laryngoscope in FIG. 9 in
- FIG. 15 is another perspective view of a blade of the laryngoscope in FIG. 9 in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a blade and a connector of the laryngoscope in
- FIG. 9 in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a side cross-sectional view of a blade and a connector of the
- FIG. 18 is a depiction of an example of activation of a chemiluminescent light source in a handle of a laryngoscope in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic illustration of an example of rotational activation of a chemiluminescent light source in a handle of a laryngoscope by a cam in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is a depiction of an example of a cam for rotational activation of a
- chemiluminescent light source of a laryngoscope in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 21 is a schematic illustration of an example of horizontal activation of a chemiluminescent light source in a handle of a laryngoscope by a cam in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a depiction of an example of a horizontal trigger for horizontal
- FIG. 23 is a schematic illustration of an example of pressure activation of a
- chemiluminescent light source in a handle of a laryngoscope in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 24 is a depiction of an example of intubation of a laryngoscope in the mouth in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 25 is a depiction of an example of insertion of a wire via a channel of a laryngoscope in accordance with an embodiment.
- the laryngoscopes may include non-electric light sources such as a chemiluminescent light source that can generate light through a chemical reaction that takes place inside a chemiluminescent cartridge.
- the cartridge may be activated while within the handle or may be activated prior to insertion into the handle.
- the non-electric light source may provide light at different wavelengths, for example, chosen based on the situation. The wavelengths can range from visible to infrared light. Compared with traditional laryngoscopes using electric light sources, the laryngoscopes in the present disclosure are more reliable and safe during the procedures.
- an optical fiber or a waveguide may run through the blade, which conducts the light generated by the cartridge through the blade to illuminate the oral cavity and airway entrance of a patient.
- the blade may be transparent with the exception of the bottom (e.g., ventral) of the blade, which may be, at least in part, reflective to enhance luminosity.
- the field of vision for the operator at the airway entrance can be optimized by the laryngoscopes in the present disclosure.
- the laryngoscopes may be made of non-metal materials, such as plastics, with an integrated design for a curved blade or a straight blade and an ergonomic handle within which the non-electric light source resides, e.g., a chemiluminescent cartridge.
- the blade may be thin and curved along its length to match the anatomy of the mouth and larynx, or it may be straight.
- the blade may also have a small lateral ridge to facilitate capture of the tongue.
- plastics both the weight and size of the device can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of fractures, bleeding, and injury to the teeth and mouth, as well as making handling and carrying of the device easier.
- the laryngoscope may have the ability to
- the operator may continue to provide a stream of life-saving oxygen.
- suction may be applied as well. This can be achieved without removing the laryngoscope and keeps the operator's hand or hands free, unlike in the traditional situation.
- the laryngoscopes may have an opening in the enclosure of the handle so that the chemiluminescent light source may be inserted in or removed from the enclosure via the opening.
- the chemiluminescent light source may be activated by various means, such as torsional pressure via a rotational cam, or compression, prior to or after being inserted into the handle.
- the replacement and activation of the chemiluminescent light source are thus easy to operate by the operator in either an elective or emergent situation.
- the laryngoscopes may be impervious to sand and moisture to be used in different environments, e.g., including battlefields.
- the entire laryngoscope may be disposable or used repeatedly on a single patient in the same situation to avoid cross contamination.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of a laryngoscope 100 in
- Laryngoscope 100 includes a blade 102, a handle 104, and an auxiliary channel 106.
- blade 102 may be curved in the length direction between a distal end 108 (e.g., the tip of blade 102) and a proximal end 110 (e.g. , the end towards the operator during laryngoscope procedures).
- the curvature of blade 102 may be set to match the anatomy of the mouth and larynx of patients, such as between 20 and 60 degrees.
- the thickness of blade 102 may be uniform, such as between 3 and 24 millimeters (mm).
- the thickness of blade 102 may change in the length direction, for example, gradually increasing from distal end 108 to proximal end 110. In some embodiments, the thickness of blade 102 may change in the width direction, for example, gradually decreasing from the middle to the edges, or vice versa.
- a blade e.g., blade 102
- the body of blade 102 is made from a non-metal material including, for example, plastic materials such as polycarbonate (PC), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly ether ether ketone (PEEK), polyphenylsulfone (PPSU), etc., carbon fiber, and composite materials such as fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) or ceramic composites.
- the non-metal materials may optimize weight reduction of blade 102 and overcome the problem of heavy and cumbersome traditional blades.
- the non- metal materials may also reduce risk of injury to the patient during use, e.g., to the patient's teeth. It is to be appreciated that in some embodiments, certain metal materials, metal alloy materials, or metal composite materials with a light weight, such as aluminum, titanium, or alloys thereof, may be used as the body material of blade 102.
- blade 102 also includes a light channel 112 and a lateral ridge
- Light channel 112 may be one of the two conduit structures on or in blade 102 (i.e. , a first channel) that is operative to transmit light through it (i.e. , an optical path).
- Lateral ridge 114 is disposed on the top of blade 102 and in the vicinity of or at distal end 108. In some embodiments, lateral ridge 114 is disposed on the outer edge of the top of blade 102. Lateral ridge 114 is configured to facilitate capture and direction of the tongue during the procedures. For example, lateral ridge 114 may allow the operator to capture and manually move the patient's tongue out of the field of view in order to optimize the visualization of the patient's airway for the operator. This may be useful, for example, after an allergic reaction or trauma to the tongue. In some embodiments, the size of lateral ridge 114 is set so that damage to the teeth or tongue caused by motion of blade 102 can be reduced.
- light channel 112 is fixed to the top of blade 102 along the length direction. In some embodiments, light channel 112 may traverse the entire length of blade 102 between distal end 108 and proximal end 110. In some embodiments, light channel 112 may traverse part of the entire length of blade 102, for example, starting from proximal end 110, but not reaching distal end 108. In this embodiment, light channel 112 is configured to transmit light through blade 102 to illuminate the patient's oral cavity and airway entrance, e.g., the larynx, during the laryngoscope procedures. Light channel 112 may include any structure that can conduct light, such as optical fibers or waveguides.
- light channel 112 can transmit light at the corresponding wavelength(s), such as in the range of infrared to visible light.
- the various wavelengths of light that can be transmitted by light channel 112 accommodate different clinical situations in which laryngoscope 100 is used, such as using infrared light that is "invisible” to night-vision detectors when laryngoscope 100 is used in the battlefields.
- handle 104 includes an enclosure 116 and a non-electric light source 118 residing in enclosure 116.
- Enclosure 116 may be any suitable structure in handle 104, e.g., walls that form a cavity in which non-electric light source 118 is positioned within and held by the enclosure.
- Non-electric light source 118 is configured to generate light at a wavelength that transmits along light channel 112.
- Non-electric light source 118 may be, e.g., a chemiluminescent light source by which light is generated from a chemical reaction as described below.
- non-electric light sources such as, but not limited to, bioluminescent light sources, crystalloluminescent light sources, thermoluminescent light sources, photoluminescent light sources, etc.
- non-electric light source 118 By replacing electric light sources that require batteries with non-electric light source 118, a lighter weight, higher reliability, and increased safety can be achieved for laryngoscope 100.
- the generated light of non-electric light source 118 may last for hours, providing sufficient time to intubate a patient in either an elective or emergent situation.
- handle 104 is an ergonomic handle for ease of use by the user
- Enclosure 116 of handle 104 can include an opening 120 at the bottom surface from which non-electric light source 118 can be inserted in or removed from handle 104, e.g. , for replacement. Opening 120 may be a lockable hatch with, e.g. , a pivoting, snap- on, screw-on cap, or trap door, etc. When opening 120 is unlocked, non-electric light source 118, such as a chemiluminescent cartridge, can be inserted in or removed from enclosure 116 of handle 104. It is to be appreciated that in other embodiments, opening 120 may be on different parts of enclosure 116, for example, a side surface.
- the body of handle 104 is made from a non-metal material including plastic materials, such as PC, PMMA, PEEK, PPSU, etc., carbon fiber, or composite materials such as FRPs or ceramic composites.
- the non-metal materials may optimize weight reduction of handle 104 and overcome the problem of heavy and cumbersome traditional handles. It is to be appreciated that in some embodiments, certain metal materials, metal alloy materials, or metal composite materials with light weights, such as aluminum, titanium, or alloys thereof, may be used as the body material of handle 104.
- the materials of making blade 102 and handle 104 may be the same or different.
- auxiliary channel 106 is disposed proximate and through blade
- Auxiliary channel 106 may be one of the two conduit structures on or in blade 102 (i.e. , a second channel) that is operative to provide additional functions as described below in detail.
- the inlet of auxiliary channel 106 may be in the vicinity of or at proximal end 110, and the outlet of auxiliary channel 106 may be in the vicinity of or at distal end 108.
- Auxiliary channel 106 traverses the length of blade 102 and is proximate to of light channel 112.
- auxiliary channel 106 may be parallel to light channel 112 along the length direction of blade 102.
- auxiliary channel 106 is configured to provide oxygen, suction, an instrumentation, etc.
- Auxiliary channel 106 can behave as a suction device when connected through to an external suction device for suction of debris (e.g. , blood, mucus, vomit, etc.), which may obscure visualization of the airway and thereby impeding successful intubation.
- Auxiliary channel 106 may also provide a means of delivering oxygen to the patient when connected to an external oxygen source. This can be achieved without removing laryngoscope 100 and keeps the operator's hand or hands free, unlike in the traditional situation. Additionally or alternatively, various types of instrumentations can be inserted through auxiliary channel 106 into the vocal cords or airway of the patient during the procedures.
- instrumentation includes, for example, but is not limited to, a wire, a cautery device, a laser, a fiber optics, a biopsy forceps, placement of radiotherapeutic markers and materials, a wire guided scalpel, placement of topical medications and therapies, etc.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of laryngoscope 100 in FIG. 1 with blade 102 detached from handle 104, in accordance with an embodiment.
- blade 102 is removably attached to handle 104 via a connector 222 of blade 102 and a connector 224 of handle 104.
- Connectors 222 and 224 may mate with one another so that blade 102 can attach to and detach from handle 104 through various mechanisms, such as pivoting, snap-on, screw-on, etc.
- connectors 222 and 224 also provide an optical interface configured to couple the light generated by non-electric light source 118 in handle 104 to light channel 112 in blade 102.
- blade 102 can be easily detached from handle 104, blade 102 may be replaced after every single use or several uses on the same patient in the same situation to avoid cross contamination. It is to be appreciated that in some embodiments, blade 102 may be fixed to handle 104 by mechanical fasteners, adhesives, or any suitable fixation means. In some embodiments, blade 102 and handle 104 may be formed integrally from the same material.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of laryngoscope 100 in FIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment.
- Proximal end 110 to distal end 108 are two ends of blade 102 in the length direction (shown as L-L in FIG. 3).
- the width direction (shown as W-W in FIG. 3) is perpendicular to the length direction L-L.
- the body of blade 102 widens out from proximal end 1 10 to distal end 108. That is, the width of blade 102 gradually increases from proximal end 1 10 to distal end 108.
- the width of blade 102 at distal end 108 may be up to 20 % larger than the width of blade 102 at proximal end 110.
- Such design of blade 102, along with lateral ridge 114 can facilitate capture of the tongue and optimizing the field of vision for the operator during the procedures.
- auxiliary channel 106 and light channel 112 are proximate to one another at one edge of blade 102.
- auxiliary channel 106 and light channel 112 may be disposed apart from one another, for example, at two edges of blade 102, respectively.
- one of auxiliary channel 106 and light channel 112 may be disposed in the middle of blade 102 in the width direction, and the other one of auxiliary channel 106 and light channel 112 may be disposed at one edge of blade 102.
- auxiliary channel 106 and light channel 112 may be proximate to one another in the middle of blade 102 in the width direction (shown as W- W in FIG. 3). Also, as shown in FIG.
- each of auxiliary channel 106 and light channel 112 extends from proximal end 110 of blade 102 to distal end 108 of blade 102, i.e. , traversing the entire length of blade 102.
- auxiliary channel 106 and light channel 112 may traverse only a portion of the entire length of blade 102.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of blade 102 of laryngoscope 100 in FIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment.
- blade 102 may be made of a material that is transparent with respect to the wavelength of the light generated by nonelectric light source 118 so that the light transmitted along light channel 112 can pass through blade 102 to illuminate the oral cavity and airway entrance of the patient.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic bottom view of blade 102 of laryngoscope 100 in FIG. 1 with a reflective surface 526 in accordance with an embodiment.
- blade 102 has reflective surface 526 on the bottom of the body.
- Reflective surface 526 is made of a material that is reflective with respect to the light at the wavelength generated by non-electric light source 118 and transmitted along light channel 112. As a result, during the procedures, luminosity of the light can be enhanced by reflective surface 526 of blade 102.
- Reflective surface 526 may be formed by applying light-reflection coatings (e.g. , mirror coatings) on the bottom of the body of blade 102, such as aluminum, silver, gold coatings, etc.
- the remaining parts of blade 102 are made from a plastic material, which is transparent to visible light.
- reflective surface 526 may cover the entire bottom surface of blade 102.
- FIGs. 6 and 7 are schematic perspective views of blade 102 and connector 222 attached to blade 102 of laryngoscope 100 in FIG. 1 with an optical path in accordance with an embodiment.
- connector 222 of blade 102 includes an optical interface 628 configured to couple the light from non-electric light source 118 in handle 104 to light channel 112 in blade 102.
- An optical path 630 (dotted region) is thus formed along the length direction of blade 102 in which the light is transmitted from optical interface 628 in connector 222 to the end of light channel 112 at distal end 108 of blade 102.
- optical interface 628 with suitable optical properties, e.g., refractive index, may be formed in connector 222.
- optical interface 628 may include an optical fiber connector when light channel 112 includes an optical fiber.
- optical interface 628 may include a waveguide flange when light channel 112 includes a waveguide.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of an adaptor 832 of connector 222
- connector 222 of blade 102 includes adaptor 832 configured to couple oxygen tube 834to auxiliary channel 106.
- the other end of oxygen tube 834 may be connected to an oxygen source, such as a medical gas supply, so that oxygen can be provided to the patient via laryngoscope 100 during the laryngoscope procedures without removing laryngoscope 100.
- adaptor 832 may be configured to couple an external suction tube to auxiliary channel 106.
- the other end of the external suction tube may be connected to a suction machine so that debris and fluids can be removed during the laryngoscope procedures.
- adaptor 832 may be configured to couple
- the instrumentation may be a wire, a cautery device, a laser, a fiber optics, a biopsy forceps, placement of radiotherapeutic markers and materials, a wire guided scalpel, placement of topical medications and therapies, etc.
- Adaptor 832 may be the corresponding adaptor depending on the type of the instrumentation. It is also to be appreciated that in some embodiments, adaptor 832 may be in connector 224 of handle 104. It is also to be appreciated that in some embodiments, adaptor 832 may be configured to couple more than one oxygen or suction sources and/or instrumentations.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an example of laryngoscope 900 in accordance with an embodiment.
- a laryngoscope 900 includes a curved blade 902, an ergonomic handle 904, and an auxiliary channel 906.
- Blade 902 includes a distal end 908 and a proximal end 910 in the length direction.
- Blade 902 also includes a light channel 912 extending from proximal end 910 to distal end 908 of blade 902.
- Blade 902 further includes a lateral ridge 914 at the top (dorsal) of the body of blade 902.
- handle 904 includes an enclosure 916 in which a non-electric light source, e.g., a chemiluminescent light source (not shown) resides. Handle 904 also includes a connector 922 on top of enclosure 916. Connector 922 is configured to attach blade 902 to handle 904. Connector 922 includes an adaptor 932 connected to auxiliary channel 906 inside blade 902 and configured to couple an oxygen source, a suction source, and/or an instrumentation to auxiliary channel 906. Auxiliary channel 906 extends from adaptor 932 to proximal end 910 and ends at an outlet 936 at distal end 908 of blade 902. For example, oxygen, suction, instrumentations, etc. may be provided to the patient via outlet 936 during the procedures. It is understood that functions and structures of similar components in laryngoscope 100 can be used in laryngoscope 900, so they are not repeated in describing laryngoscope 900.
- FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of laryngoscope 900 in FIG. 9 in
- blade 902 includes a connector 1024 at proximal end 910, as well as an inlet 1038 of auxiliary channel 906.
- Connector 1024 of blade 902 can be snapped into connector 922 of handle 904 so that blade 902 is removably attached to handle 904.
- Inlet 1038 of auxiliary channel 906 is coupled to an end of adaptor 932 once blade 902 is attached to handle 904 so that a path is formed from adaptor 932 to outlet 936 of auxiliary channel 906.
- Handle 904 includes a non-electric light source, e.g., chemiluminescent light source 1018 having a non-electric light source, e.g., chemiluminescent cartridge 1040 made from, for example, a flexible plastic material.
- a chemiluminescence reagent is stored in chemiluminescent cartridge 1040.
- Chemiluminescent cartridge 1040 also includes a vial 1042 of a catalyst agent.
- the chemiluminescence reagent and catalyst agent may be any suitable chemicals for chemiluminescent reactions depending on the desired wavelength of the light to be generated.
- the chemiluminescence reagent may be luminol and hydrogen peroxide and the catalyst agent may be iron, copper, or an auxiliary oxidant, which when mixed, can produce light in different colors in the visible light wavelengths.
- the light in the infrared wavelengths can be generated by any known infrared chemiluminescence reactions of chemiluminescence reagent and catalyst agent. It is to be appreciated that although one vial 1042 are shown in FIG. 10, any number of vials may be placed inside
- chemiluminescent cartridge 1040 depending on the desired wavelength and/or luminosity of the light. For example, different types of catalyst agents may be included in different vials, or different amounts of catalyst agent of the same type may be included in various numbers of vials.
- Chemiluminescent light source 1018 further includes an interface 1028 that can be mechanically coupled in connector 1024 of blade 902 and transmit the light generated from chemiluminescent cartridge 1040 to light channel 912.
- handle 904 includes an opening 1020 at the bottom surface of enclosure 916.
- Chemiluminescent light source 1018 can be replaced by removing the used one from opening 1020 and inserting a new one from opening 1020.
- Handle 904 also includes a door 1044 that can lock chemiluminescent light source 1018 in enclosure 916 when door 1044 is closed.
- Handle 904 also includes an opening 1046 on the side surface of enclosure 916 and a pressure activator 1048.
- pressure activator 1048 includes an inside surface 1050, an outside surface 1052, and a lip 1054. Inside surface 1050 include bumps 1056. When assembled, pressure activator 1048 is inserted partially through opening 1046 from inside handle 904. Lip 1054 of pressure activator 1048 sits inside handle 904 adjacent opening 1046. Bumps 1056 on the inside surface 1050 can transfer pressure applied to outside surface 1052 of pressure activator 1048 to chemiluminescent cartridge 1040. As described above, as chemiluminescent cartridge 1040 is made from a flexible plastic material, pressure applied on it by bumps 1056 of pressure activator 1048 can crack vial 1042 of catalyst agent in chemiluminescent cartridge 1040.
- the catalyst agent released from vial 1042 then reacts with the chemiluminescence reagent in chemiluminescent cartridge 1040, which in turn generates light in any desired wavelength(s).
- mechanisms other than pressure activator 1048 may be applied as well to activate the chemiluminescence reactions.
- FIG. 11 is a side cross-sectional view of laryngoscope 900 in FIG. 9 along the line
- chemiluminescent light source 1018 resides in enclosure 916 of handle 904. Once connector 1024 of blade 902 is snapped into connector 922 of handle 904, interface 1028 of chemiluminescent light source 1018 is coupled to one end of light channel 912 of blade 902 to form an optical path for transmitting the light from chemiluminescent light source 1018.
- FIG. 12 is a front view of laryngoscope 900 in FIG. 9 in accordance with an
- FIG. 13 is a front cross-sectional view of laryngoscope 900 in FIG. 9 along the line B-B in accordance with an embodiment.
- light channel 912 is disposed in the middle of blade 902 in the width direction
- auxiliary channel 906 is disposed at the edge of blade 902.
- An optical fiber or a waveguide 1358 is inserted into light channel 912 as the medium for light transmission.
- Auxiliary channel 906 is used as an oxygen channel or a negative pressure channel for suction.
- an instrumentation such as a wire, may be inserted into auxiliary channel 906.
- FIGs. 14 and 15 are perspective views of blade 902 of laryngoscope 900 in FIG. 9 in accordance with an embodiment.
- a reflective surface 1426 at the bottom of blade 902 is formed by high-reflection coatings to enhance luminosity.
- Auxiliary channel 906 in blade 902 extends from inlet 1038 to outlet 936 along the length of blade 902. Auxiliary channel 906 is proximate to light channel 912 in blade 902.
- FIGs. 16 and 17 are perspective view and side cross-sectional view, respectively, of blade 902 and connectors 922 and 1024 of laryngoscope 900 in FIGs. 9 and 10 in accordance with an embodiment.
- connectors 922 and 1024 are configured to removably attach blade 902 to handle 904.
- light channel 912 in blade 902 can be coupled to chemiluminescent light source 1018 (shown in FIG 10) in handle 904, and auxiliary channel 906 in blade 902 can be coupled to adaptor 932 on handle 904.
- FIG. 18 is a depiction of an example of activation of a non-electric, e.g.,
- chemiluminescent, light source 1818 in a handle of a laryngoscope in accordance with an embodiment.
- Chemiluminescent light source 1818 in this embodiment is one example of non-electric light source 118 in FIG. 1.
- chemiluminescent light source 1818 includes a chemiluminescent cartridge 1860 containing a chemiluminescence reagent and a vial 1862 of a catalyst agent.
- Chemiluminescent light source 1818 is activated prior to being inserted into the handle of a laryngoscope, for example, by bending chemiluminescent cartridge 1860 to break vial 1862.
- chemiluminescent light source 1818 may be inserted into the handle of a laryngoscope.
- FIGs. 19 and 20 are schematic illustrations of an example of rotational activation of a chemiluminescent light source in a handle 1904 of a laryngoscope by a cam 1964 in accordance with an embodiment.
- Handle 1904 in this embodiment is one example of handle 104 in FIG. 1.
- a base 1970 of handle 1904 of a laryngoscope can rotate with respect to a chemiluminescent cartridge 1966 inside handle 1904.
- the rotation of base 1970 can cause the rotation of cam 1964 against chemiluminescent cartridge 1966 as well, which will make sliding contact with chemiluminescent cartridge 1966 until cracking a vial 1968 of catalyst agent in chemiluminescent cartridge 1966.
- torsional pressure may be applied by rotating base 1970 of handle 1904 via cam 1964 to crack vial 1968 of catalyst agent in chemiluminescent cartridge 1966.
- the catalyst agent released from cracked vial 1968 reacts with the chemiluminescence reagent in chemiluminescent cartridge 1966 to generate light in any desired wavelength(s) as described above.
- cam 1964 is in a "comma" shape in the plan view as shown in FIG. 19. The "comma" shape of cam 1964 may increase the torsional pressure applied by cam 1964 to more easily crack vial 1968.
- cam 1964 is not limited to the "comma” shape, but can be any suitable shape, such as, but not limited to, round, semi-circular, oval, etc. It is to be appreciated that in some embodiments, a rotating mechanism other than base 1970 of handle 1904 may be used to apply the torsional pressure. Thus, the chemiluminescent light source may be activated prior to being inserted into handle 1904 of the laryngoscope.
- FIGs. 21 and 22 are schematic illustrations of an example of horizontal activation of a chemiluminescent light source in handle 2104 of a laryngoscope by a cam 2164 in conjunction with a horizontal trigger 2172, in accordance with an embodiment.
- Handle 2104 in this embodiment is one example of handle 104 in FIG. 1.
- horizontal trigger 2172 on an enclosure 2106 of handle 2104 of the laryngoscope can slide, i.e. , horizontally move with respect to a chemiluminescent cartridge 2166 inside handle 2104.
- the movement of horizontal trigger 2172 can cause the movement of cam 2164 against chemiluminescent cartridge 2166, which will make sliding contact with chemiluminescent cartridge 2166 until cracking a vial 2168 of catalyst agent in chemiluminescent cartridge 2166. That is, pressure may be applied by sliding horizontal trigger 2172 via cam 2164 to crack vial 2168 of catalyst agent in chemiluminescent cartridge 2166. As a result, the catalyst agent released from cracked vial 2168 reacts with the chemiluminescence reagent in chemiluminescent cartridge 2166 to generate light in any desired wavelength(s) as described above. It is understood that the shape of cam 2164 is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 21 , but can be any suitable shape, such as, but not limited to, round, semicircular, oval, etc.
- FIG. 23 is a schematic illustration of an example of pressure activation of a
- Handle 2304 in this embodiment is one example of handle 104 in FIG. 1.
- pressure activator 2374 on an enclosure 2306 of handle 2304 of the laryngoscope can be pressed toward
- chemiluminescent cartridge 2366 The movement of pressure activator 2374 can crack a vial 2368 of catalyst agent in chemiluminescent cartridge 2366. As a result, the catalyst agent released from cracked vial 2368 reacts with the chemiluminescence reagent in chemiluminescent cartridge 2366 to generate light in any desired wavelength(s) as described above.
- Pressure activator 2374 in this example is similar to pressure activator 1048 described above in the embodiment in FIGs. 9-17.
- FIG. 24 is a depiction of an example of intubation of laryngoscope 100 in a mouth
- the operator may hold handle 104 (as shown in FIG. 1) and insert at least a part of blade 102 into the patient's mouth 2476 at a desired position.
- the operator can also use lateral ridge 114 of blade 102 to capture tongue 2478 of the patient and move tongue 2478 to optimize the field of vision.
- the operator can activate the nonelectric light source to generate light at a wavelength transmitting along light channel 1 12, which illuminates mouth 2476 and the larynx of the patient.
- Blade 102 may be transparent with the exception of the bottom, which is reflective to enhance luminosity.
- the reaction time of non-electric light source 1 18 can last for hours, providing sufficient time to intubate the patient in either an elective or emergent situation.
- the materials used in non-electric light source 118 are Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved as being non-toxic, should any materials be inhaled or ingested by the patient.
- FDA Food and Drug Administration
- FIG. 25 is a depiction of an example of insertion of a wire 2580 via auxiliary
- the operator may insert wire 2580 past vocal cords 2582 of the patient via auxiliary channel 106 during the procedures.
- the operator can replace wire 2580 with any suitable instrumentations, such as a cautery device, a laser, a fiber optics, a biopsy forceps, placement of radiotherapeutic markers and materials, a wire guided scalpel, placement of topical medications and therapies, etc. Should there be any difficulty in identifying vocal cords 2582, the operator may continue to provide a stream of life-saving oxygen via auxiliary channel 106 during the procedures.
- suction may be applied via auxiliary channel 106. This can be achieved without removing laryngoscope 100 and keeps the operator's hand(s) free.
- embodiments or similar phrases, indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it would be within the knowledge of persons skilled in the relevant art(s) to incorporate such feature, structure, or characteristic into other embodiments whether or not explicitly mentioned or described herein.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AU2018312986A AU2018312986B2 (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2018-08-06 | Laryngoscope |
US16/637,248 US11992193B2 (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2018-08-06 | Laryngoscope |
JP2020530422A JP7349987B2 (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2018-08-06 | laryngoscope |
CN201880061831.6A CN111542254A (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2018-08-06 | Laryngoscope |
EP18845134.8A EP3664686A4 (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2018-08-06 | Laryngoscope |
IL272525A IL272525A (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2020-02-06 | Laryngoscope |
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US201762542125P | 2017-08-07 | 2017-08-07 | |
US62/542,125 | 2017-08-07 |
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WO2019032459A1 true WO2019032459A1 (en) | 2019-02-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/US2018/045391 WO2019032459A1 (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2018-08-06 | Laryngoscope |
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US (1) | US11992193B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3664686A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP7349987B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN111542254A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2018312986B2 (en) |
IL (1) | IL272525A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2019032459A1 (en) |
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WO2022146461A1 (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2022-07-07 | Vargo Bradley J | Laryngoscope |
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JP7349987B2 (en) | 2023-09-25 |
US20200246102A1 (en) | 2020-08-06 |
AU2018312986A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 |
JP2020530379A (en) | 2020-10-22 |
CN111542254A (en) | 2020-08-14 |
IL272525A (en) | 2020-03-31 |
US11992193B2 (en) | 2024-05-28 |
EP3664686A4 (en) | 2021-04-21 |
EP3664686A1 (en) | 2020-06-17 |
AU2018312986B2 (en) | 2024-03-07 |
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