WO2019028969A1 - 胸骨合拢固定器 - Google Patents

胸骨合拢固定器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019028969A1
WO2019028969A1 PCT/CN2017/101496 CN2017101496W WO2019028969A1 WO 2019028969 A1 WO2019028969 A1 WO 2019028969A1 CN 2017101496 W CN2017101496 W CN 2017101496W WO 2019028969 A1 WO2019028969 A1 WO 2019028969A1
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Prior art keywords
bottom plate
claw
panel
claw member
outer claw
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PCT/CN2017/101496
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡仁民
杨佳平
韦冬
马飞
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常州华森医疗器械有限公司
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Publication of WO2019028969A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019028969A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a medical device, which is a sternum closure fixture.
  • a sternum closure fixture comprising a locking wheel and a male fixing member and a female fixing member that can be plugged together, the male fixing member having an elastic plug and a first claw-shaped hook plate.
  • a first serration is disposed on both sides of the elastic plug, and a tightening groove is opened in the elastic plug, and a locking hole which is matched with the outer wall surface of the locking wheel is disposed on the tightening groove, and the locking hole is long
  • the axial direction is a plugging direction of the male fixing member and the female fixing member
  • the female fixing member has a second claw-shaped hook plate and a socket
  • the socket has a slot matched with the elastic plug, and the two sides of the slot are disposed with the first sawtooth a mating second serration
  • the locking hole is provided with a rotatable locking wheel, so as to rotate the locking wheel, the first serration and the second serration are engaged when the tightening groove is increased, and when the tightening groove is reduced, the first The sawtooth and the second sawtooth are separated.
  • the relative movement of the two is short, so the range of the inner and outer jaw spacing adjustment is small, and the sternal closure fixture needs at least to meet the needs of different patients.
  • the instrument also needs to be equipped with a sternum measuring ruler to measure the size of the patient's sternum to select a sternal closure fixture that meets the patient's specifications, which brings inconvenience to the operation.
  • a sternum closure fixture comprising an outer jaw member, an inner jaw member and a cam;
  • the outer jaw member comprises a bottom plate and an outer claw, the bottom plate is provided with a slot, and the bottom plate slot is provided
  • the upper part of the inner side surface is provided with serrations;
  • the inner claw piece comprises a panel and an inner claw, the panel is provided with a locking groove and a locking hole, the locking groove passes through the locking hole, the cam is in the locking hole, and the two outer side faces of the panel are arranged
  • the bottom plate of the outer claw member has a rectangular shape, the slot penetrates both ends of the bottom plate, and the other end of the bottom plate is provided with a U-shaped fitting groove; the length of the panel of the inner claw member does not exceed the length of the bottom plate of the outer claw member, and the panel
  • the upper locking groove extends toward the inner claw end; the panel of the inner claw member is inserted into the bottom plate slot of the outer claw member, and the inner claw of the
  • the outer claw is coupled to one end edge of the bottom surface of the bottom plate.
  • the end surface of the outer claw bottom end of the outer claw piece has a circular arc shape, and the end surface is smoothly connected with the outer surface of the outer claw.
  • the end of the inner jaw member panel is machined with two chamfers.
  • the outer jaw is coupled to the bottom surface of one end of the bottom plate and retracted inwardly.
  • the serrations of the outer claw member and the serrations of the inner claw member are one-way anti-retracting teeth, one side of the one-way anti-retracting tooth is a gentle inclined surface, and the other side is a steep surface, and the top surface of the gentle inclined surface and the steep surface is connected by a circular arc surface.
  • a root end of the one-way anti-retracting gentle slope and a root end of the steep surface adjacent to the one-way anti-backing tooth are connected by a circular arc surface;
  • the one-way anti-retracting tooth of the outer claw member faces the outer claw
  • the one-way anti-retracting tooth of the inner claw member faces the inner claw steeply, and the one-way anti-retracting teeth of the inner and outer claw members are inclined in opposite directions.
  • the lower inner side surfaces of the slots of the outer claw member bottom plate are provided with dovetail grooves extending through the two ends, and the outer portions of the outer side faces of the inner claw member panel are provided with convex dovetail guide rails passing through the two ends.
  • Fig. 1 is a view showing the state in which the embodiment 1 is in the minimum width.
  • Fig. 2 is a view showing the state in which the embodiment 1 is in the maximum width.
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion I of Fig. 1;
  • Figure 4 is a view of the outer jaw member of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is a view of the outer claw member of the first embodiment (different from the direction of Fig. 4).
  • Figure 6 is a view of the claw member of Embodiment 1.
  • Fig. 7 is a view of the claw member of the first embodiment (different from the direction of Fig. 6).
  • Figure 8 is a view of Embodiment 2.
  • Figure 9 is a view of the outer jaw member of the second embodiment.
  • Figure 10 is a side view of the outer jaw member of the second embodiment.
  • Figure 11 is a view of the inner jaw member of the second embodiment.
  • a sternal closure fixture of the embodiment 1 includes an outer jaw member 1, an inner jaw member 2 and a cam 3.
  • the outer claw member 1 includes a bottom plate 1-1 and a outer claw 1-2.
  • the bottom plate 1-1 of the outer claw member 1 has a rectangular shape, and the outer claw 1-2 is coupled to one end edge of the bottom surface of the bottom plate 1-1, and the bottom plate 1-1
  • the end surface 1-1e at one end of the upper outer claw has a circular arc shape, and the circular arc end surface 1-1e is smoothly connected to the outer surface of the outer claw.
  • the bottom plate 1-1 is provided with a slot 1-1a, the slot 1-1a is penetrated through the two ends of the bottom plate 1-1, and the upper sides of the bottom plate slot 1-1a are provided with serrations 1-1-1, serrated 1- 1-1 through the two ends.
  • a dovetail groove 1-1-2 penetrating both ends is provided at a lower portion of both inner side faces of the bottom plate slot 1-1a.
  • the other end of the bottom plate 1-1 is provided with a U-shaped recessed groove 1-1b.
  • the inner jaw member 2 includes a panel 2-1 and an inner jaw 2-2, and the panel length of the inner jaw member 2 does not exceed the outer jaw member
  • the length of the bottom plate of the first claw 2-2 is combined with the end surface of the panel 2-1 and curved in a circular arc.
  • the panel 2-1 is provided with a locking groove 2-1a, a locking hole 2-1b, and a device hole 2 -1c and the instrument use a circular hole 2-1d, the locking groove 2-1a passes through the locking hole 2-1 to the instrument user hole 2-1c, and then extends along both sides of the instrument user hole 2-1c, and is divided into two
  • the roads are each bent to be close to the boundary with the inner jaws 2-2, and each of them is formed in a circular arc shape, and the structure of the locking groove 2-1a can improve the service life of the inner gripper.
  • Sawtooth 2-1-1 is provided on both outer side faces of the panel 2-1.
  • a convex dovetail guide rail 2-1-2 penetrating both ends is provided at a lower portion of both outer side faces of the panel 2-1.
  • the end of the panel 2-1 is machined with two chamfers 2-1-3.
  • the serrations 1-1-1 of the outer claw member 1 and the serrations 2-1-1 of the inner claw member 2 have the same tooth shape, and both are one-way anti-retracting teeth, one side of the one-way anti-retracting tooth is a gentle inclined surface e, and the other side a steep surface f, the top end of the gentle slope e and the steep surface f are connected by a circular arc surface r, and the root end of a sawtooth gentle slope e and the root end of the steep surface f adjacent to a saw tooth are connected by a circular arc surface t;
  • the one-way anti-retracting tooth of the outer claw member 1 has a steep surface f toward one side of the outer claw 2-1, and the one-way anti-retracting tooth of the inner claw member 2 faces the inner side of the inner claw 2-2 as a steep surface f.
  • the unidirectional anti-backing teeth of the inner and outer jaw members are inclined in opposite directions.
  • the inner claw 2-2 of the inner claw member 2 can be embedded in the recessed groove 1-1b of the outer claw member bottom plate 1-1, when When it reaches a suitable position, the cam 3 is rotated to force the locking groove 2-1a to open, and the serration 2-1-1 of the inner claw member 2 is engaged with the serration 1-1-1 of the outer claw member 1 to be in a locked state.
  • Figure 1 shows the state of the minimum range of the fixture
  • Figure 2 shows the state of the maximum range of the fixture.
  • the shapes of the outer and inner jaws are designed according to the force of the outer and inner jaws.
  • the embodiment 2 includes an outer claw member 1, an inner claw member 2, and a cam 3;
  • the outer claw member 1 includes a bottom plate 1-1 and an outer claw 1-2, and the bottom plate 1 of the outer claw member 1 1 is a rectangle, and the outer claw 1-2 is coupled to the bottom surface of one end of the bottom plate 1-1 and is retracted inward, and the distance d of the outer claw 1-2 inwardly retracted into the bottom plate 1-1 is 1.95 to 2.05 mm.
  • the bottom plate 1-1 is provided with a slot 1-a, the slot 1-a penetrates the two ends of the bottom plate 1-1, and the upper inner sides of the bottom plate slot 1-a are provided with serrations 1-1-1, the bottom plate slot
  • the lower inner side surfaces of 1-1a are provided with dovetail grooves 1-1-2 penetrating both ends.
  • the other end of the bottom plate 1-1 is provided with a U-shaped recessed groove 1-b.
  • the inner jaw member 2 includes a panel 2-1 and a inner jaw 2-2, the panel length of the inner jaw member 2 does not exceed the length of the bottom panel of the outer jaw member 1, and the inner jaw 2-2 is combined with the end surface of the panel 2-1.
  • the arc is curved, and the panel 2-1 is provided with a locking groove 2-1a.
  • the locking hole 2-1b, the instrument using hole 2-1c and the instrument using the circular hole 2-1d, the locking groove 2-1a passes through the locking hole 2-1 to the instrument user hole 2-1c, and then is used along the instrument
  • the square holes 2-1c extend on both sides and extend to the boundary with the inner claws 2-2 to penetrate both ends of the panel 2-1.
  • Sawtooth 2-1-1 is provided on both outer side faces of the panel 2-1.
  • a convex dovetail guide rail 2-1-2 penetrating both ends is provided at a lower portion of both outer side faces of the panel 2-1.
  • the panel 2-1 of the inner claw member 2 is inserted into the bottom plate slot 1-a of the outer claw member 1, and the inner claw 2-2 of the inner claw member 2 can be fitted into the U-shaped recessed groove 1-b of the outer claw member bottom plate 1-1. in.
  • the serrations 1-1-1 of the outer jaw member 1 and the serrations 2-1-1 of the inner jaw member 2 are both one-way anti-back teeth, and the structure of the one-way anti-retraction tooth has been described in the first embodiment, and the embodiment 2
  • the method of use is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be described again.
  • the end surface 1-1e of the outer claw of the outer claw bottom plate 1-1 of the first embodiment has a circular arc shape, and the circular arc end surface 1-1e and the outer surface
  • the outer surface of the claw is smoothly connected, and the end of the inner claw member corresponding to the circular arc end surface is chamfered, and the inner claw of the inner claw member is coupled to the end surface of the panel and curved in a circular arc.
  • the human body is flat and touches the external skin without feeling the edges or corners.
  • the bottom plate of the outer claw member of the present invention has a rectangular shape, and the bottom plate is provided with a slot extending through the bottom plate to increase the adjustment length on the bottom plate, and the other end of the bottom plate is provided with a fitting groove, and the inner claw is embedded in the bottom plate of the outer claw member.
  • the panel end of the inner claw member can reach the edge of the bottom plate of the outer claw member, and the adjustment range of the distance between the inner and outer jaw members is obviously enlarged.
  • the invention only needs two specifications in the application, and it is no longer necessary to measure the size of the patient's sternum during surgery, which provides convenience for surgery.
  • the small size of the holder can also be suitable for children, and with the growth and development of the child, the sternum becomes larger, and only the minimally invasive adjustment of the inner and outer jaw spacing is required. This is what the original fixer could not do.
  • the serrations of the outer claw member and the inner claw member of the present invention are both one-way anti-retracting teeth, and the two sides of the one-way anti-retracting tooth are respectively a gentle inclined surface and a steep surface, and the slow inclined surface and the steep surface are connected by a circular arc surface. Therefore, it is convenient to engage and disengage. In the application, it is necessary to prevent the sliding of the opposite direction between the inner claw and the outer claw.
  • the one-way anti-retracting tooth of the outer claw member is a steep surface toward one side of the outer claw, and the one-way anti-backing tooth of the inner claw member
  • the side facing the inner claw is a steep surface, and when the tendency to slip in the opposite direction occurs, since the one-way anti-retracting steep surface of the outer claw member is interlocked with the one-way anti-retracting steep surface of the inner claw member, the outer claw member is prevented from being
  • the development of the tendency of the sliding direction in the opposite direction between the inner jaw members is a one-way anti-backup effect.

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Abstract

一种胸骨合拢固定器，包括外爪件（1）、内爪件（2）和凸轮（3）；外爪件（1）包括底板（1-1）和外爪（1-2），底板（1-1）上设有插槽（1-1a），底板（1-1）的插槽（1-1a）两内侧面上部设有锯齿（1-1-1）；内爪件（2）包括面板（2-1）和内爪（2-2），面板（2-1）上设有锁紧槽（2-1a）和锁紧孔（2-1b），凸轮（3）处于锁紧孔（2-1b）中，面板（2-1）的两外侧面上部设有锯齿（2-1-1）；外爪件（1）的底板（1-1）为矩形，外爪（1-2）结合于底板（1-1）的底面的一端边缘，底板（1-1）上外爪（1-2）一端的端面为圆弧形，插槽（1-1a）贯通底板（1-1）的两端，底板（1-1）的另一端设有U形嵌槽（1-1b）；内爪件（2）的面板（2-1）长度不超出外爪件（1）的底板（1-1）长度，内爪（2-2）与面板（2-1）的端面结合，面板（2-1）上的锁紧槽（2-1a）向内爪端延伸；内爪件（2）的面板（2-1）插入外爪件（1）的底板插槽（1-1a）中，内爪件（2）的内爪（2-2）能嵌入外爪件（1）的底板（1-1）的嵌槽（1-1b）中。本胸骨合拢固定器能扩大内爪（1-1）、外爪（1-2）间距调节范围，在应用中只需要两种规格，小规格的固定器还能适合儿童使用，为手术提供了方便。

Description

胸骨合拢固定器 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械，为一种胸骨合拢固定器。
背景技术
开胸手术结束时，将胸骨关闭的传统方法是采用整个胸骨上下用钢丝捆扎固定，不足之处很多。中国专利申请号201310158734.8的发明公开了一种胸骨合拢固定器，它包括锁紧轮以及可插接在一起的公固定件和母固定件，公固定件具有弹性插头和第一爪形勾板，弹性插头的两侧设置有第一锯齿，弹性插头的中开有收紧槽，并在该收紧槽上设置有与锁紧轮的外壁面相过渡配合的锁紧孔，并且锁紧孔的长轴方向为公固定件和母固定件的插接方向，母固定件具有第二爪形勾板和插座，插座具有与弹性插头配合的插槽，插槽的两侧设置有与第一锯齿相配合的第二锯齿，锁紧孔内装入可旋转的锁紧轮，以便通过旋转锁紧轮，当收紧槽增大时第一锯齿和第二锯齿相啮合，当收紧槽减小时第一锯齿和第二锯齿相脱离。上述胸骨合拢固定器在公固定件和母固定件连接后，两者相对移动的行程很短，所以内、外爪间距调节的范围很小，为满足不同患者的需求，胸骨合拢固定器需要至少4种规格，而且器械还需要配备胸骨测量尺，用于测量患者胸骨的大小，以挑选符合患者规格的胸骨合拢固定器，给手术带来不便。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种能扩大内、外爪间距调节范围的胸骨合拢固定器。
为达到上述目的，本发明采取如下技术方案：一种胸骨合拢固定器，包括外爪件、内爪件和凸轮；外爪件包括底板和外爪，底板上设有插槽，底板插槽两内侧面上部设有锯齿；内爪件包括面板和内爪，面板上设有锁紧槽和锁紧孔，锁紧槽通过锁紧孔，凸轮处于锁紧孔中，面板的两外侧面上部设有锯齿；所述外爪件的底板为矩形，插槽贯通底板的两端，底板的另一端设有U形嵌槽；所述内爪件的面板长度不超出外爪件的底板长度，面板上的锁紧槽向内爪端延伸；内爪件的面板插入外爪件的底板插槽中，内爪件的内爪能嵌入外爪件底板的嵌槽中。
所述外爪结合于底板底面的一端边缘。
所述外爪件底板近外爪一端的端面为圆弧形，端面与外爪的外表面圆滑连接。
所述内爪件面板的端头上加工有两倒角。
所述外爪结合于底板一端的底面上且向内缩进。
所述外爪件的锯齿和内爪件的锯齿均为单向防退齿，单向防退齿的一面为缓斜面，另一面为陡面，缓斜面和陡面的顶端由圆弧面连接，一单向防退齿的缓斜面的根端和相邻一单向防退齿的陡面的根端之由圆弧面连接；外爪件的单向防退齿的陡面向着外爪，内爪件的单向防退齿的陡面向着内爪，内、外爪件的单向防退齿的倾斜方向相反。
所述外爪件底板的插槽的两内侧面下部设有贯通两端的燕尾槽，内爪件面板的两外侧面下部设有贯通两端的凸形燕尾导轨。
附图说明
图1是实施例1处于最小宽度状态的视图。
图2是实施例1处于最大宽度状态的视图。
图3是图1的Ⅰ部放大图。
图4是实施例1外爪件的视图。
图5是实施例1外爪件的视图(与图4方向不同)。
图6是实施例1内爪件的视图。
图7是实施例1内爪件的视图(与图6方向不同)。
图8是实施例2的视图。
图9是实施例2的外爪件的视图。
图10是实施例2的外爪件的侧视图。
图11是实施例2的内爪件的视图。
具体实施方式
(实施例1)
见图1至图7，实施例1所示的一种胸骨合拢固定器，包括外爪件1、内爪件2和凸轮3。
所述外爪件1包括底板1-1和外爪1-2，外爪件1的底板1-1为矩形，外爪1-2结合于底板1-1底面的一端边缘，底板1-1上外爪一端的端面1-1e为圆弧形，圆弧形端面1-1e与外爪的外表面圆滑连接。底板1-1上设有插槽1-1a，插槽1-1a贯通底板1-1的两端，底板插槽1-1a的两内侧面上部设有锯齿1-1-1，锯齿1-1-1贯通两端。底板插槽1-1a的两内侧面下部设有贯通两端的燕尾槽1-1-2。底板1-1的另一端设有U形嵌槽1-1b。
所述内爪件2包括面板2-1和内爪2-2，所述内爪件2的面板长度不超出外爪件 1的底板长度，内爪2-2与面板2-1的端面结合且呈圆弧弯曲，面板2-1上设有锁紧槽2-1a、锁紧孔2-1b、器械使用方孔2-1c和器械使用圆孔2-1d，锁紧槽2-1a穿过锁紧孔2-1至器械使用方孔2-1c，再沿器械使用方孔2-1c的两侧延伸，分成两路，各延伸至接近与内爪2-2的交界处相向弯曲，各成圆弧形，锁紧槽2-1a的结构能提高内抓件的使用寿命。
面板2-1的两外侧面上部设有锯齿2-1-1。面板2-1的两外侧面下部设有贯通两端的凸形燕尾导轨2-1-2。面板2-1的端头上加工有两倒角2-1-3。
外爪件1的锯齿1-1-1和内爪件2的锯齿2-1-1的齿形相同，均为单向防退齿，单向防退齿的一面为缓斜面e，另一面为陡面f，缓斜面e和陡面f的顶端由圆弧面r连接，一锯齿的缓斜面e的根端和相邻一锯齿的陡面f的根端之由圆弧面t连接；外爪件1的单向防退齿向着外爪2-1的一面为陡面f，内爪件2的单向防退齿向着内爪2-2的一面为陡面f。内、外爪件的单向防退齿的倾斜方向相反。
凸轮3处于锁紧孔2-1b中且为非张紧状态时，内爪件2的锯齿2-1-1与外爪件1的锯齿1-1-1是脱开的，内爪件2的面板2-1插入外爪件1的底板插槽1-1a中，内爪件2利用两侧的凸形燕尾导轨2-1-2在外爪件的两燕尾槽1-1-2中移动，当内爪件2的面板2-1插入到外爪件底板插槽的一定距离，内爪件2的内爪2-2能嵌入外爪件底板1-1的嵌槽1-1b中，当到达合适的位置，旋转凸轮3，迫使锁紧槽2-1a张开，内爪件2的锯齿2-1-1与外爪件1的锯齿1-1-1啮合即处于锁紧状态。当外爪件的锯齿陡面与内爪件的锯齿陡面接触，即使外爪件1受到向外爪端方向的力，内爪件2受到向内爪端方向的力，内、外爪件也不会发生滑移。图1所示的是固定器最小范围的状态，图2所示的是固定器最大范围的状态。上述外爪和内爪的形状是根据外爪和内爪的受力设计的。
(实施例2)
见图8至图11，实施例2包括外爪件1、内爪件2和凸轮3；外爪件1包括底板1-1和外爪1-2，所述外爪件1的底板1-1为矩形，外爪1-2结合于底板1-1一端的底面上且向内缩进，外爪1-2向内缩进底板1-1的距离d为1.95～2.05mm。底板1-1上设有插槽1-a，插槽1-a贯通底板1-1的两端，底板插槽1-a的两内侧面上部设有锯齿1-1-1，底板插槽1-1a的两内侧面下部设有贯通两端的燕尾槽1-1-2。底板1-1的另一端设有U形嵌槽1-b。
内爪件2包括面板2-1和内爪2-2，所述内爪件2的面板长度不超出外爪件1的底板长度，内爪2-2与面板2-1的端面结合且呈圆弧弯曲，面板2-1上设有锁紧槽2-1a、 锁紧孔2-1b、器械使用方孔2-1c和器械使用圆孔2-1d，锁紧槽2-1a穿过锁紧孔2-1至器械使用方孔2-1c，再沿器械使用方孔2-1c的两侧延伸，延伸至与内爪2-2的交界处，贯通面板2-1的两端。面板2-1的两外侧面上部设有锯齿2-1-1。面板2-1的两外侧面下部设有贯通两端的凸形燕尾导轨2-1-2。
内爪件2的面板2-1插入外爪件1的底板插槽1-a中，内爪件2的内爪2-2能嵌入外爪件底板1-1的U形嵌槽1-b中。
外爪件1的锯齿1-1-1和内爪件2的锯齿2-1-1均为单向防退齿，单向防退齿的结构在实施例1中已有描述，实施例2的使用方法与实施例1相同，都不再赘述了。
相比实施例2，实施例1的技术方案更佳，实施例1的采取外爪件底板1-1上外爪一端的端面1-1e为圆弧形，圆弧形端面1-1e与外爪的外表面圆滑连接，与该圆弧端面对应的内爪件面板端头上加工有倒角，内爪件的内爪结合于面板的端面上且呈圆弧弯曲，这种固定器安装在人体内平整，触摸外部皮肤，不会感觉到有棱或角的突起。
工业应用性
本发明具有如下积极效果：
1.本发明的外爪件底板为矩形，底板上设有贯通底板的插槽，增加了底板上的调节长度，而且底板的另一端设有嵌槽，通过内爪嵌入外爪件底板的嵌槽中，使内爪件的面板端头能到达外爪件底板的边缘，内、外爪件间距的调节范围明显扩大了。本发明在应用中只需要两种规格，在手术中，不再需要测量患者胸骨的大小，为手术提供了方便。
2.小规格的固定器还能适合儿童使用，而且随小孩生长发育，胸骨变大，到时候只需要通过微创来调节内、外爪间距，这是原来固定器不能做到的。
3.本发明的外爪件和内爪件的锯齿均为单向防退齿，单向防退齿的两面分别为缓斜面和陡面，缓斜面和陡面之间由圆弧面连接，所以啮合与脱离都方便。在应用中需要杜绝内爪与外爪之间发生相反方向的滑移，本发明中，外爪件的单向防退齿向着外爪的一面为陡面，内爪件的单向防退齿向着内爪的一面为陡面，当产生相反方向滑移的趋势时，由于外爪件的单向防退齿陡面与内爪件的单向防退齿陡面相扣，阻止外爪件与内爪件之间反方向滑移趋势的发展即起了单向防退作用。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种胸骨合拢固定器，包括外爪件(1)、内爪件(2)和凸轮(3)；外爪件(1)包括底板(1-1)和外爪(1-2)，底板(1-1)上设有插槽(1-1a)，底板插槽(1-1a)两内侧面上部设有锯齿(1-1-1)；内爪件(2)包括面板(2-1)和内爪(2-2)，面板(2-1)上设有锁紧槽(2-1a)和锁紧孔(2-1b)，锁紧槽(2-1a)通过锁紧孔(2-1b)，凸轮(3)处于锁紧孔(2-1b)中，面板(2-1)的两外侧面上部设有锯齿(2-1-1)；其特征在于：
    所述外爪件(1)的底板(1-1)为矩形，插槽(1-1a)贯通底板(1-1)的两端，底板(1-1)的另一端设有U形嵌槽(1-1b)；
    所述内爪件(2)的面板长度不超出外爪件(1)的底板长度，面板(2-1)上的锁紧槽(2-1a)向内爪端延伸；
    内爪件(2)的面板(2-1)插入外爪件(1)的底板插槽(1-1a)中，内爪件(2)的内爪(2-2)能嵌入外爪件底板(1-1)的嵌槽(1-1b)中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的胸骨合拢固定器，其特征在于：所述外爪(1-2)结合于底板(1-1)底面的一端边缘。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的胸骨合拢固定器，其特征在于：所述外爪件底板(1-1)近外爪一端的端面(1-1e)为圆弧形，端面(1-1e)与外爪(1-2)的外表面圆滑连接。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的胸骨合拢固定器，其特征在于：所述内爪件面板(2-1)的端头上加工有两倒角(2-1-3)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的胸骨合拢固定器，其特征在于：所述外爪(1-2)结合于底板(1-1)一端的底面上且向内缩进。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的胸骨合拢固定器，其特征在于：所述外爪件(1)的锯齿(1-1-1)和内爪件(2)的锯齿(2-1-1)均为单向防退齿，单向防退齿的一面为缓斜面(e)，另一面为陡面(f)，缓斜面(e)和陡面(f)的顶端由圆弧面(r)连接，一单向防退齿的缓斜面(e)的根端和相邻一单向防退齿的陡面(f)的根端之由圆弧面(t)连接；外爪件(1)的单向防退齿向着外爪(2-1)的一面为陡面(f)，内爪件(2)的单向防退齿向着内爪(2-2)的一面为陡面(f)，内、外爪件的单向防退齿的倾斜方向相反。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的胸骨合拢固定器，其特征在于：所述外爪件底板的插槽(1-1a)的两内侧面下部设有贯通两端的燕尾槽(1-1-2)，内爪件面板(2-1) 的两外侧面下部设有贯通两端的凸形燕尾导轨(2-1-2)。
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