WO2019026373A1

WO2019026373A1 - Arc-shaped coil spring manufacturing method and manufacturing device

Info

Publication number: WO2019026373A1
Application number: PCT/JP2018/017849
Authority: WO
Inventors: 剛杉田
Original assignee: 株式会社テック
Priority date: 2017-07-31
Filing date: 2018-05-08
Publication date: 2019-02-07
Also published as: JP6300996B1; JP2019025527A

Abstract

[Problem] In order to solve a remaining problem of reducing manufacturing time in an arc-shaped coil spring manufacturing method and manufacturing device employing a cam, the present invention addresses the problem of providing a concrete technical means for making it possible, focusing on a clamp structure, for manufacture to be performed in a continuous operation in only one direction without switching the feeding direction with respect to the operation of a pressing member. [Solution] An arc-shaped coil spring manufacturing method comprises: a clamping step; an end portion detecting step; a rotational angle position determination step; a pitch feeding step; and a pressing member knocking step. A clamp having a nail portion with a tip bent downward in L-shape is used. The clamp is placed and fixed between active wire diameters comprising the first and the second active numbers of windings from the seating face on one side of a straight tubular coil spring. Knocking of the pressing member is operated using a cam. Operations during the pitch feeding step and the pressing member knocking step are speed-controlled and position-controlled to form an arc-shaped coil spring having an arbitrary curvature.

Description

Method and apparatus for manufacturing arc coil spring

The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing an arc-shaped coil spring, and more particularly, an apparatus for manufacturing a coil spring having an arc-like curvature by pressing a pressing member to plastically deform a coil spring processed into a straight cylindrical shape. More specifically, the present invention relates to a technique for detecting more detailed control information and enhancing processing accuracy by sequence control based on the detected information.

Arc-shaped coil springs are used for clutches of automatic transmissions of automobiles, etc., and absorb shocks and vibrations that occur when connecting and disconnecting the clutches, and absorb minute fluctuations in the rotational output of the motor etc. It plays an important role in a rotational power transmission system having a clutch structure.

In addition, in the automotive industry, the requirements for the clutch portion such as combined use with a motor in a hybrid car are small in size and high performance, and the demand performance is only increased such as an increase in large torque acceptance, and these requirements can be met. Arc-shaped coil springs are desired.

The requirements for such an arc-shaped coil spring are that the polished surfaces at both ends of the arc-shaped coil spring are orthogonal to the rotation axis, and that the shortest part of the wire of the coil spring is positioned at a defined angle on the polished surface. Specific requirements for product specifications based on solving problems at the manufacturing stage, such as having no twist in the arc coil spring, becoming unequally spaced springs, and performing expansion and contraction operations suitable for expansion and contraction of the arc coil spring There is a current situation

Originally, the production of a straight cylindrical coil spring was a widely industrially wide and general technology, and it was necessary to manufacture a product with good yield according to the manufacturer's specifications. On the other hand, as a method of manufacturing an arc-shaped coil spring, there are many methods of manufacturing from a straight cylindrical coil spring, and various mass-production techniques have been developed.

Specifically, for example, the method of manufacturing an arc spring for a clutch disc has been disclosed as the title of the invention, and it is already known art (see Patent Document 1). The related art is to form an arc-shaped coil spring without applying excessive force, and a technology related to a heat treatment process for adapting a plurality of arc-shaped springs for torque transmission to the arc-shaped grooves. The technical field for manufacturing the arc-shaped coil spring according to the present invention is common. However, the invention according to Patent Document 1 includes a plurality of steps such as tempering treatment and shot peening strengthening treatment, and further, a low temperature tempering step, and the straight cylindrical coil spring is formed into an arched groove shape. The change of curvature or the curvature itself can not be changed, and it can not cope with unequally spaced springs.

Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a technology in which the title of the invention is "a manufacturing apparatus of an arc-shaped coil spring". Specifically, “a semi-cylindrical fixed bracket for holding a linear coil spring in a state of being straddled over the inner circumferential surface, and horizontally arranged along an axis above the inner circumferential surface, the coil spring A pair of cylindrical movable pressing brackets for bending the inner wall, a pair of movable walls which are inserted in the fixed receiving brackets so as to be movable back and forth, and abut on both end faces of the coil spring, and an axial direction along the outer wall of the fixed receiving brackets A pair of extending fixing plates and a plurality of fixing bolts screwed to the fixed plate, the fixing plates are positioned and fixed by the fixing bolts on the end side, and the central fixing bolt is abutted against the movable wall It is pushed into the metal fitting side and made to project from the inner peripheral surface, and the end of the coil spring is further curved. However, although it is possible to manufacture a plurality of them simultaneously, it has not reached to distribute the curvature freely with respect to the position of the number of turns, and the clutch spring has a change distribution of spring characteristics in the required spring. It is difficult to optionally provide a structure that exhibits an effect of preventing resonance.

Patent Document 3 discloses a technology in which the title of the invention is "a manufacturing apparatus of an arc-shaped coil spring". Specifically, “a coil spring is provided in a state in which the fixed receiving bracket corresponding to the arc-shaped coil spring, the movable pressing bracket, and the drive unit are provided, and the distance between the movable pressing bracket and the fixed receiving bracket is maintained by the lock arm. The low temperature annealing process is performed. The related art also relates to an apparatus for manufacturing an arc-shaped coil spring having a curvature as in the present invention. However, the effect of the present invention of providing a change distribution of spring characteristics in the coil spring has not been achieved yet.

Patent Document 4 discloses a technology in which the title of the invention is "the manufacturing method and device of a coil spring". Specifically, “a coil spring comprising a clamping step of clamping a part of a straight cylindrical coil, and a repeating step of forming the straight cylindrical coil into a curved coil spring by continuously performing a pitch dimension adjustment step "Manufacturing method". The related art also relates to an apparatus for manufacturing an arc-shaped coil spring having a curvature as in the present invention. However, the effect of the present invention of providing a change distribution of spring characteristics in the coil spring has not been achieved yet.

Therefore, in any of Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 4, the present invention solves the problem, and by using a cam or the like to obtain free curvature and high accuracy, it is possible to finely control the change in operating speed and feed amount. There is no description or suggestion about the technology that

Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventor of the present invention has obtained a patent for a technology of which the title of the invention is "a manufacturing method and a manufacturing apparatus of an arc coil spring" (Patent Document 5). Specifically, from the “clamping process for fixing the straight cylindrical coil spring, the end detection process for detecting the end, the rotation angle positioning process, the pitch feeding process, the pressing member driving process, and the driving direction conversion process It is configured to be deformed from a straight cylindrical shape into a coil spring having a curvature by continuously repeating an operation of pushing down the pressing member from above to the pitch. However, in the related art, since the process of switching the feed direction by switching the coiled spring to be processed is carried out during the process of forming the whole in an arc shape, it can be said that the problem of shortening the manufacturing time remains.

JP 2000-129359 A JP, 2014-231069, A JP 2014-223656 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-019743 Patent No. 6113891

The present invention uses a clamp structure to solve the remaining problem of shortening the manufacturing time in a method and an apparatus for manufacturing an arc-shaped coil spring using a servo press which has been patented by the inventor of the present invention. It pays attention, and while making it possible to manufacture by continuous movement only in one direction without turning back the feed direction to the movement of the pressing member, the operation of the pressing member uses a cam to increase the speed and shorten the processing time It is an issue to provide

The present invention is a method of manufacturing a coil spring having a curvature from a straight cylindrical shape, and includes a clamping step of fixing the straight cylindrical coil spring, an end detection step of detecting an end, a rotation angle positioning step, and a pitch. The clamping step comprises a feeding step and a pressing member driving step, and the clamping step uses a clamp having a claw portion whose tip is bent downward in an L-shape, and the claw portion is one side of the straight cylindrical coil spring. The straight cylindrical coil spring is inserted and fixed between the effective wire diameter which is the first and second effective number of turns from the seat surface, and the end detection step is to obtain position information to be an operation reference of the pitch feeding step. Detecting the position of the end portion, rotating the contact surface of the end portion to which the straight cylindrical coil spring is fixed, and adjusting the rotational angle positioning step; The linear cylindrical coil spring is moved to an appropriate position using a slide rail during the pressing member driving step and the pressing member driving step, and in the pressing member driving step, the pressing member is moved from above to the pitch interval The operation of driving in and pulling back upward is mechanically converted from torque of the motor to linear reciprocating motion by the cam and repeated between adjacent pitches, each in the pitch feeding process and the pressing member driving process. The operation employs means for forming an arc-shaped coil spring having an arbitrary curvature by performing speed control and position control.

Further, according to the present invention, each operation necessary in each step of the end portion detection step to the pressing member driving step may be any of photoelectric sensor, image sensor, contact sensor, proximity sensor or any combination thereof. Means controlled based on the obtained position and shape information may be adopted.

Further, the present invention is a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a coil spring having a curvature from a straight cylindrical shape, comprising: a clamp mechanism for fixing the straight cylindrical coil spring; an end detection mechanism for detecting an end; , A pitch feed mechanism, a pressing member drive mechanism, and a blade position adjustment mechanism, and the clamp mechanism uses a clamp having a claw portion whose tip is bent downward in an L-shape, using the claw portion The end portion detection mechanism is a position serving as an operation reference of the pitch feed mechanism by sandwiching and fixing it between the effective wire diameters which are the first and second effective turns from the seat surface on one side of the straight cylindrical coil spring. In order to obtain information, position information of the end of the straight cylindrical coil spring is detected, and the rotation angle positioning mechanism is the straight cylindrical coil spring fixed by the clamp mechanism. It is rotated to adjust the contact surface to a predetermined position, and the pitch feed mechanism slides the straight cylindrical coil spring to a suitable position at the position where the operation of the pressing member drive mechanism is started and during operation. Using a rail, the pressing member driving mechanism repeatedly performs a series of operations for driving and pulling back the pressing member between adjacent pitches by a cam that converts rotation of the motor into linear reciprocating motion, The straight blade is deformed into an arc-shaped coil spring having a curvature, and the blade position adjusting mechanism operates the pressing member driving mechanism using a servo press to finely adjust the position of the blade, and the servo press and the slide By controlling the operation using the rail to the appropriate speed and position respectively, it is possible to adopt a configuration that shapes it into a shape with an arbitrary curvature. It may be.

Further, according to the present invention, necessary operations in each of the end detection mechanism, the rotation angle positioning mechanism, the pitch feed mechanism, the pressing member driving mechanism, and the mechanism for adjusting the blade position are photoelectric sensors, image sensors, You may employ | adopt the structure controlled based on the position and shape information obtained from each sensor which contacted either a contact sensor, a proximity sensor, or these.

According to the method and apparatus for manufacturing an arc-shaped coil spring according to the present invention, it is possible to cause plastic deformation at high speed and with high accuracy at every interval of the winding of the coil spring, and thus the desired shape There is an excellent effect that it becomes possible to obtain a coil spring.

In addition, according to the method and apparatus for manufacturing an arc-shaped coil spring according to the present invention, the excellent effect that it can be processed not only into a constant curvature but also into a shape having different curvatures stepwise or partially. Play.

It is a flowchart figure which shows the procedure of the manufacturing method of the arc-shaped coil spring which concerns on this invention. It is rotation explanatory drawing of the contact surface which concerns on the edge part of the arc-shaped coil spring which concerns on this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is whole structure explanatory drawing of the straight cylindrical coil spring which concerns on this invention. It is process-state explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the arc-shaped coil spring which concerns on this invention. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing explaining operation | movement of the blade-tip position adjustment mechanism which concerns on this invention. It is angle explanatory drawing of the pitch of the arc-shaped coil spring which concerns on this invention. It is mounting state adjustment explanatory drawing of the press member which concerns on this invention. It is an explanatory view showing a place which detects position information by a sensor concerning the present invention.

The method and apparatus for manufacturing an arc-shaped coil spring according to the present invention is an addition of sensor technology with respect to the technology relating to a method and apparatus for manufacturing an arc-shaped coil spring invented and invented by the present inventor. Thus, the movement of the pressing member with respect to the workpiece can be performed more precisely and accurately, and by making it possible to confirm the deformed state after processing, the reciprocating movement is shortened compared to the conventional device, and all in one direction only. In order to make it possible to complete the process, use a clamp method which has not been used conventionally, use a cam mechanically for the driving operation of the pressing member, and use a servo press for position adjustment of the minute blade edge. Is the biggest feature. Hereinafter, it demonstrates based on drawing. The overall shape and shape of each part of the method and apparatus for manufacturing an arc-shaped coil spring according to the present invention is not limited to the description described below, and is within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention, ie, the same. It is possible to change within the range of the shape and size which exerts the effect.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the basic procedure of the method 1 of manufacturing an arc-shaped coil spring according to the present invention, and shows the flow of the entire operation. Specifically, this is a manufacturing method 1 of an arc-shaped coil spring including a clamping step A, an end detection step B, a rotation angle positioning step C, a pitch feeding step D, and a pressing member driving step E.

The clamping step A is a step of fixing the straight cylindrical coil spring 20. As the fixing means, a clamp 51 having a claw portion 52 whose tip is bent in an L-shape is used, and the clamp 51 is a part of the contact surface 13 of the seat surface on one side of the straight cylindrical coil spring 20. Insert and fix between the 2nd and 2nd effective number of turns.

The end detection step B is a step of detecting the arrangement of the contact surface 13 with which the end surface of the end 11 is in surface contact using the end detection mechanism 60.

The rotation angle positioning step C is a step of adjusting the arrangement state of the contact surface 13 detected by the end portion detection step B so as to be a predetermined rotation position.

The pitch feed step D is a step of moving from the position where the pressing member 91 starts the pressing member driving step E for performing the continuous driving toward the end 11 to the end position after the rotational positioning steps C. is there.

The pressing member driving step E is a step of plastically deforming the pressing member 91 by pushing the pressing member 91 into the pitch interval 15 of the coil spring 10 within the range of the pitch feeding step D to perform processing for leaving a permanent strain.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of rotational positioning of the contact surface 13 related to the end portion 11 of the arc-shaped coil spring 30 according to the present invention. As shown in each of FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (c), when the end face of the coil spring 10 is polished, the contact surface 13 where the glossy portion that looks like a substantially crescent shape contacts the holder etc. It will be provided (the surface which concerns hereafter is called "the contact surface 13"). In the arc-shaped coil spring 30, the surface transmitting the spring force of the spring is at both ends of the coil, and in FIG. 2A to FIG. It may be necessary to specify at which rotation angle the end of the wire is placed, and it is shown to be able to compare the difference in the angle at which processing is started by rotating so as to be located at the specified position It is.

When using the arc-shaped coil spring 30 after being machined, the contact surface 13 does not become a point contact or a line contact but a surface contact as much as possible when using the arc-shaped coil spring 30 after processing Is desirable. Therefore, although the cut surface cut in the middle of the effective length of the coil spring 10 has a substantially crescent shape, the cut surface is not always perpendicular to the axial core of the straight cylindrical coil spring 20 before processing, and a holder etc. It may be necessary to provide a predetermined angle for abutment.

FIG. 3 is an entire configuration explanatory view of the straight cylindrical coil spring 20 according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the basic configuration of a straight cylindrical coil spring 20 which is a material before forming the arc coil spring 30 according to the present invention. In the arc coil spring 30, the present invention is as usual. In the cross sections of both ends of the arc-shaped coil spring 30 according to the above, various conditions are required, and conditions for plastic deformation at the position specified at the mounting angle considering the arrangement of the contact surface 13 are required for the drawn arc. There is a problem, and it is necessary to satisfy the demand for stable operation by defining the angle for each specification.

In addition, since both a straight cylindrical portion and an arc shape are included during processing, the arc-shaped coil spring 30 and the straight cylindrical coil spring 20 as a material before forming the same are hereinafter referred to as "coil spring 10". The end 11 is an end on which the deformation processing of the coil spring 10 by the pressing member 91 precedes, and the opposite end 12 is an end on the opposite side of the end 11.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a fixing method of the straight cylindrical coil spring 20 or the arc-shaped coil spring 30 in the clamp step A according to the present invention, and FIG. The clamp state in the case of being a V-clamp type | mold clamp mechanism 50 which can be hold | maintained is shown.

The clamp mechanism 50 is a mechanism for fixing the straight cylindrical coil spring 20. As the fixing means, a clamp 51 having a claw portion 52 whose tip is bent in an L-shape is used, and the clamp 51 is a part of the contact surface 13 of the seat surface on one side of the straight cylindrical coil spring 20. Insert and fix between the 2nd and 2nd effective number of turns.

Specifically, for example, in order to prevent a twist or the like caused by the position of the contact surface 13, it is necessary to correct to an appropriate rotational position. Therefore, in the present invention, the arrangement of the contact surface 13 is determined appropriately from the information obtained by each sensor 40 such as the photoelectric sensor 41, the image sensor 42, the contact sensor 43, the proximity sensor 44 and the like. It has a mechanism to rotate it to the following position. That is, in FIG. 2 (b), the upper contact surface 13 is disposed evenly in the left and right direction, and similarly in FIG. 2 (c), the lower contact surface 13 can be equally balanced in the left and right direction.

In FIG. 4, the straight cylindrical coil spring 20 held by the clamp mechanism 50 is clamped, and the feeding direction in the pitch feeding step D with respect to the pressing member 91 is the side released from the pressing member 91, The pitch feed direction L, which is a direction toward the pressing member driving mechanism 90, is indicated using an arrow.

The clamp 51 is a rigid member for fixing the straight cylindrical coil spring 20 as shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 and having a claw portion 52 whose end is bent in an L shape.

The claw portion 52 is inserted into the inner diameter of the straight cylindrical coil spring 20, and formed into a substantially wedge shape to be inserted into the gap between the first and second effective wire spans 14 from the contact surface 13 of the opposite end 12 It is a member to be formed.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view for explaining the operation of the cutting edge position adjusting mechanism 00 according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 (a) shows a processing state of the arc-shaped coil spring 30 according to the present invention. ) Shows the pressing member driving mechanism 90 and the cutting edge position adjusting mechanism 00 in an enlarged manner. Further, in FIG. 5, as a processing means of the coil spring 10, a basic operation for reciprocating the pressing member 91 is driven by a pressing member driving mechanism 90 consisting of a cam 98 and a motor 97 to finely adjust the position of the cutting edge 96. The operation shows a configuration in which the pressing member driving mechanism 90 is driven by the servo press 01.

The basic operation for reciprocating the pressing member 91 to be reciprocated may be considered to be a configuration using a servo press, but regarding such an operation, the pressing member driving mechanism 90 composed of the motor 97 and the cam 98 is more effective. It can be done at high speed. However, in the operation of mechanically driving using the cam 98, since the operation is specified by the lift amount of the cam 98 and the curvature of the cam 98, a minute lift amount is accurately performed by the servo press 01 to mechanically drive it. It can be said that it is the technical main part of the present invention that it adopts a configuration capable of following the velocity V according to the above, and capable of significantly reducing the processing time.

The cam 98 is a mechanical element that converts the rotational movement from the motor 97 into a linear movement, and it is possible to make the smooth movement by the curved surface according to the rotation angle of the shaft, and can cope with high-speed movement . The types of cams 98 are broadly classified into flat cams and solid cams, and flat cams can transmit simple motion to follower 93 with simple structure, plate cam, front cam, direct acting cam, There are types such as opposite cams, and a solid cam can reduce the volume occupied in a space, and there are types such as a cylindrical cam, an end cam, a conical cam, a spherical cam, and an inclined cam. Although any type may be used, it is desirable to use a flat cam in the present invention.

Further, the cam 98 is formed on a shaft whose radius is the lowest portion of the cam 98 which is a basic circle, and is formed with a protrusion having a height which is a lift amount to prevent wear due to contact. It is necessary to heat-treat high quality materials.

The motor 97 is a power for causing the pressing member 91 to reciprocate, and may be either direct current or alternating current, but the basic operation is on / off by sequence control and is simple control, and the speed adjustment is PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) It is necessary to use one capable of minute control of the number of rotations by pulse modulation control such as, for example.

The follower 93 is a member that contacts the cam 98 and transmits the force to the pressing member 91 in order to convert the rotation of the cam 98 into linear motion according to the cam curve.

The contact 99 is a tip of the follower 93 and a portion in contact with the cam 98. Although FIG. 5 shows the flat shape, the contact 99 having such a shape enables the movement of the cam 98 accurately, but also has the disadvantage that the wear is severe. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the contact 99 having such a shape, and although not shown in the drawings, it is also effective to use a circular end, a roller or the like with less wear. However, in the case of using the contactor 99 which is made rotatable using a roller, the movement of the cam 98 may not be accurately transmitted, so that the operation speed has to be reduced. It is necessary to consider in the relationship.

The servo press 01 is a device that operates the pressing member driving mechanism 90 in a minute manner. The pressing member driving mechanism 90 is composed of a large number of members, and it is necessary to use a pressing mechanism or the like to drive this. However, since the structure is complicated and the apparatus itself becomes large, the use of the small unitized servo press 01 makes it possible to miniaturize the apparatus according to the present invention. Further, by finely adjusting the relative position of the pressing member driving mechanism 90 to the coil spring 10 by the servo press 01, it becomes possible to change the position of the cutting edge 96 to be pushed in between each pitch 15 As well as 10, it is possible to process unequal-length coil springs 10 and arc-shaped coil springs 30 having different curvatures.

Further, the servo press 01 is developed to servo the motor in order to optimize the productivity and formability by the conventional press processing, and to enable high precision pressing. In other words, hydraulic presses require large-scale equipment and are low in movement and versatility, but using them will enable not only new functions and high precision of the press, but also development of a construction method by the user's ingenuity It is not used for processing of the arc-shaped coil spring 30 according to the present invention.

The servo press 01 includes a mechanically driven servo press 01 and an electric / hydraulic servo press 01. The servo press 01 used in the present invention does not require a large stroke amount, but a high precision minute The motor-hydraulic type is effective because operation is required. There are two types of screw type: a crank knuckle link type with load limitation due to torque capacity and a screw type with the same characteristics as hydraulic type without load limitation due to torque capacity, and which can generate large loads near bottom dead center. It is effective to use axis independent control.

FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the contact surface 13 in the method 1 of manufacturing an arc-shaped coil spring according to the present invention and the receiving surface in contact therewith, and the curvature given to the arc-shaped coil spring 30 according to the present invention is free. It is possible to give various changes, and illustrates an example of such a change in curvature.

FIG. 6 (a) shows an example in which the inclination (hereinafter referred to as "pitch between pitches J") with respect to the axial direction formed by the wire diameter per coil turn is configured at the same pitch between pitches J throughout the arch shape. 6 (b) shows an example in which a pitch angle J1 of a wide angle is arranged in a region near the center, and a pitch angle J2 of a narrow angle is arranged in a region on both sides, and FIG. FIG. 6B shows an example in which a narrow inter-pitch angle J2 is arranged in the area near the center and a wide inter-pitch angle J1 is arranged in the both-side area. Although the pitch change J may be a change in curvature by gradually increasing or decreasing the pitch interval J every pitch 15, such an embodiment is difficult to illustrate and will be omitted because it is obvious as a technical content.

6 (a) to 6 (c) show that the contact surface 13 is not necessarily perpendicular to the central axis of the arc-shaped coil spring 30. FIG. For example, in the case where a plurality of arc-shaped coil springs 30 are separately disposed in the circumferential direction of the rotation shaft, the angle of the contact surface 13 in the incorporated state and the state before being incorporated is different, the incorporated state By finely adjusting the depressed position P of the pressing member 91 in consideration of the correction value to an angle at which the repulsive force can be effectively received from the abutting surfaces 13 at both ends, it is possible to realize a desired change in curvature. It becomes.

Although not shown in the drawings, both the driving operation of the pressing member 91 and the pitch feeding operation are executed by the mechanical element mechanism, and the configuration in which the servo press 01 is used only for the fine adjustment of the operation is also effective. is there. Specifically, the pitch feed is operated continuously by the gear mechanism every pitch interval 15, and the driving of the pressing member 91 is operated every pitch interval 15 using the cam 98, and the position of the cutting edge 96 is the blade position adjusting mechanism. A configuration is also conceivable in which the blade edge position adjusting mechanism 00 is finely adjusted by 00 and driven using the servo press 01. If such a configuration is adopted, it is possible to manufacture the arc coil spring 30 having a different curvature in the middle as shown in FIGS. 6 (b) and 6 (c), the arc-shaped coil spring 30 of unequal length, etc. Manufacturing becomes possible in a short time which could not be obtained with the above processing apparatus, and the degree of freedom in processing giving a change in curvature is large, and the operation command to be controlled can be executed by a simple control means by sequence control. Since this does not affect the operation, the servo press 01 is not heavily burdened, and accurate machining can be performed in a short time.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of adjusting the attachment state of the pressing member 91 according to the present invention. 7A shows the inclination angle 92 of the pressing member 91, and FIG. 7B shows the coil spring 10 being processed.

The pressing member 91 has a blade edge 96 formed substantially in a wedge shape, and inserts one side connecting two sides of a rectangular triangular prism into the pitch interval 15 from above, and each of the two sides of the rectangular forms the coil spring 10 and It is a member for pushing the pitch interval 15 by contacting and further moving downward, and leaving plastic deformation to obtain a desired curvature.

The blade edge 96 has a sharp angle with one side connecting two rectangular surfaces of the triangular prism of the pressing member 91 as an apex, and is a portion pressed into the pitch interval 15.

The inclination angle 92 is, as shown in FIG. 7A, the inclination of one side connecting the two sides of the rectangle when the side connecting the two sides of the rectangle of the triangular prism is directed downward in the shape of the pressing member 91. The angle 92 preferably provides an inclination angle 92 ranging from a position perpendicular to the axial direction of the coil spring 10 to a half or less of the average inclination angle 92 of the wire diameter of one winding. However, the specification of the inclination angle 92 is intended to be disposed on both sides of the pressing member 91 and to be disposed at an angle at which the acting force of the coil spring 10 to be deformed becomes equal, and specify a strict angle. It is not a thing. By appropriately performing such an angle, it is possible to prevent the twist or the like of the curved portion in which the arc-shaped coil spring 30 is curved.

The pitch interval 15 is a distance in the axial direction of one turn in the number of effective turns continuing in the axial direction of the coil spring 10, and the pitch feed mechanism is provided each time the pressing member 91 reciprocates in the vertical direction. This is the feed amount to be sent in the axial direction by 80.

The slide rail 81 is a device for executing movement of the coil spring 10 in the axial direction at intervals of one pitch, movement to the end 11, and feeding in the pressing member driving step E, which is not shown in the drawing. The motor uses compressed air from a motor or an air compressor for driving, and the driving force causes the coil spring 10 held by the clamp mechanism 50 to move in the axial direction, so that a ball screw, a linear guide, a servomotor And so on.

There are a wide variety of slide rails 81, but a general electric actuator used for a production apparatus, a production line, processing, transportation, etc. may be used. The electric air cylinder has many advantages, such as high-speed processing, resistance to failure, and easy replacement of parts as compared with the air cylinder.

The mold 94 is a mold 94 disposed on the lower side of the coil spring 10 when the pressing member 91 spreads the coil spring 10, and the shape thereof is the completion of the formation of the arc-shaped coil spring 30 during processing It is a member which does not interfere with the part and receives the force accompanying the depression of the part during molding. Specifically, the curvature of the arc-shaped coil spring 30 is added with the return amount of the elastic limit during processing of the arc-shaped coil spring 30 and the deformation generated in the spring manufacturing process such as the deformation amount in the quenching process. It is required that the curvature of the mold 94 be smaller than the curvature of at least the arc-shaped coil spring 30 as the calculated curvature.

The guide plate 95 is a guide for guiding the deformation of the coil spring 10 driven by the pressing member 91 in the pressing member driving mechanism 90, and causes distortion, twist or the like in the shape of the arc-shaped coil spring 30 after molding. Without this, it is possible to form a stable shape. In addition, it is also effective that the guide plate 95 which concerns is provided with the guide groove or protrusion shape which guides by contact with the curved surface corresponding to the curvature to process from the simple thing provided with a flat plate-like member on both sides.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a place where position information is detected by the sensor 40 according to the present invention. 8 (a) shows a state in which the coil spring 10 is held by the clamp mechanism 50, and FIG. 8 (b) shows the shape and surface condition of the coil spring 10 as viewed from the contact surface 13 side. FIG. 13 is an explanatory view of a detection point S for detecting the amount of feed of the coil spring 10 in the lateral direction and the amount of upper and lower driving of the pressing member 91 and the like from A to the pressing member driving step E.

The sensor 40 obtains position information and shape information of an object to be detected as an electronic signal for determining the operation speed and position of the pressing member 91 necessary for processing from the straight cylindrical coil spring 20 to the arc coil spring 30. It is a member. Further, the sensor 40 is a member for detecting whether or not the contact surface 13 is disposed at a designated position in the rotation angle positioning mechanism 70. For example, the contact surface 13 and the contact surface 13 are detected using the image sensor 42. The arrangement of the contact surface 13 may be checked before and after the correction based on the contrast of light with other parts, or a plurality of contact sensors may be used to measure the inclination angle of the contact surface 13.

The detection point S1 to the detection point S3 are places for detecting positional information of the end portion 11 when the straight cylindrical coil spring 20 is clamped. Although the drawing shows three points from the detection point S1 to the detection point S3, the end portion 11 concerned is a groove portion for arranging in a clutch plate, variable valve mechanism or the like using the arc-shaped coil spring 30 after processing. In such a case, at least three flat abutment surfaces 13 may be provided, since they may be angled with respect to the axial center of the coil spring 10 so as to be disposed in contact in a face contact manner. Detect at equally divided positions. However, in the case of being perpendicular to the axial center, a straight line connecting an inner one point and an outer one point bent in a curved shape is detected with respect to at least a flat contact surface 13.

The detection point S4 to the detection point S7 detect the distance and position between the coils, and the detection point S4 and the detection point S5 among them detect the center of the wire diameter of the maximum diameter with respect to the axial center direction of the coil spring 10. For the detection point S6 and the detection point S7, the distance connecting the inside of the wire diameter to the axial direction is detected, and the detection point S4 and the detection point S5, or the detection point S6 and the detection point S7, or a combination thereof is also controlled Although possible, it is possible to improve the processing accuracy by increasing the detection point S. Although the distance from the detection point S4 to the detection point S5 can be detected by the photoelectric sensor 41 or the proximity sensor 44, the distance from the detection point S6 to the detection point S7 for detecting the same inter-coil distance is from the light projector Since the light to the light receiver may be blocked, the detection point S must measure the detection point S4 and the detection point S5 in the tension spring. However, if image sensor 42 is used, detection point S4, detection point S5, detection point S6, and detection point S7 all cause light reflection only, so using this allows the light to reach the light receiver with the compression coil Even if not, it is possible to detect position information.

The detection point S8 detects the position of the pressing member 91 in the vertical direction, and the positional information corresponding to the feed amount in the pitch feeding step D and the pressing member driving step E in relation to the detection point S4 to the detection point S7. To detect In addition, since the tip of the pressing member 91 is provided to have an inclination angle 92 as shown in FIG. 7A, FIG. 1 shows an input flow of a correction value for correcting position information from the sensor 40. Although not described, it is necessary to add the necessary correction flow as appropriate.

Next, the pressing member 91 must move up and down with respect to the detection point S8, and the positional information on the relationship between the coil spring 10 and the pitch interval 15 must be accurate. Therefore, it is necessary to use both the photoelectric sensor 41 and the image sensor 42 in combination and select an appropriate sensor 40 to be used for any of the detection point S1 to the detection point S8.

The detection surface T detects at what angle the planar end portion of the end 11 which is to be the opposite end 12 of the end 11 is planarly processed by cutting is held with respect to the axial center of the coil spring 10 To detect the amount of correction for rotating to the proper position. It is desirable to use the image sensor 42 for the detection by the sensor 40 of the detection surface T, and it is more effective to confirm by visual observation through a monitor.

The detection point S and the detection surface T are merely examples, and the position information between the pressing member 91 and the coil spring 10 can be input also by other measurement, for example, and the next operation command is appropriately made from the current position by calculation or the like. The detection information that can be performed may be obtained regardless of the type of sensor 40.

There are the following types of photoelectric sensors 41, which are appropriately selected and used according to the state of the detection target. The transmission type is a detection method that detects when the detection object blocks the light axis between the opposing light projection and the light receiver, and the regressive reflection type detects the light coming out of the sensor 40 and returning from the reflection plate The detection method is to detect by blocking, and the diffuse reflection type is a detection method that irradiates light to the detection object and receives the reflected light from the detection object to detect it, and the narrow field of view reflection type emits light to the detection object Is spot-illuminated, and the reflected light from the detected object is received and detected. In the limited reflection type, the tolerances of the respective optical axes are achieved by forming the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion at an angle. The distance setting type is a detection method that irradiates a spot to a detected object and detects it by the difference in the angle of the reflected light from the detected object, and the reflection for judging the degree of gloss The type illuminates the spot on the object to A method of detecting the difference.

The image sensor 42 is a sensor 40 for calculating the feature of the detected object from the area, the center of gravity, the length, the position, and the like by performing image processing on the image captured by the camera, and outputting data and a determination result. In such image processing, the length and size in the vertical and horizontal directions can be calculated from the size of the background cut and the image frame, and the reference position and the current position are corrected even when the position or orientation of the measurement object is not constant. It is possible. Further, it is possible to obtain various corrections and control conditions, for example, the adjustment of the offset amount in the case where a positional deviation or the like occurs in advance can be easily performed using an application or the like.

The proximity sensor 44 is a generic name of the sensor 40 that aims to detect without touching the detection target as an alternative to the contact type detection method of the limit switch, and information such as movement information, presence information or position information of the detected object Is replaced by an electrical signal, and the detection result is used. The proximity sensor 44 has a method of using a magnet or a reed switch, and is defined in the JIS according to the contact-less position detection switch. Among them, the sensor 40 is a type of sensor which is generally referred to as a proximity switch and generally refers to a sensor that detects the distance of an object or the presence or absence of a detection target in the vicinity of the object. For metals, dielectric or electrostatic capacitance type magnetic detection types are used, for inductive types, metals and non-ferrous metals are targets, and for capacitance types, liquids and resins can be targets.

The various sensors 40 described above are appropriately selected according to the characteristic use mode depending on various conditions such as the distance to the object to be detected, the shape of the object to be detected, transparency, opacity, color discrimination, background effects, dust adhesion, etc. Do.

Next, a control method based on input information from the sensor 40 will be described by showing each embodiment of the sensor 40. FIG.

Any of the photoelectric sensor 41, the image sensor 42, and the proximity sensor 44 may be used as the sensor 40 used in the end detection step B for detecting the end 11 of the coil spring 10 fixed by the clamp step A, for example In the case of using the photoelectric sensor 41, the light projector and the light receiver are disposed on both sides of the clamped clamp by the transmission type, and it is judged whether or not the end portion 11 of the coil spring 10 blocks the optical axis. It is possible to

In the case of using the photoelectric sensor 41 as the sensor 40 for detecting the rotational position of the end 11 of the coil spring 10 in the rotational angle positioning step C, the irradiation of the light to the end face and the irradiation light from the end face are received. It is conceivable to perform detection using a diffuse reflection type using a light emitting and receiving device or a narrow view reflection type. Further, if the image sensor 42 is used, a method of detecting the grinding surface of the end face and correcting the rotational position may be used.

In the pitch feeding step D, in order to detect the relationship between the tip end position of the pressing member 91 and the driving position between the coils of the coil spring 10, position information for determining the feed amount fed by the feeding device, pitch feed amount To detect. Moreover, although any of the photoelectric sensor 41 and the image sensor 42 may be used for the sensor 40 used for the detection, depending on the distance and the wire diameter per one coil between the coil springs 10, the gap between the coils The photoelectric sensor 41 and the proximity sensor 44 may be malfunctioning. In such a case, it is effective to use the image sensor 42 to perform detection in consideration of brightness and the like due to unevenness of the coil.

In the pressing member driving step E, the relationship between the tip position information of the pressing member 91 and the position information between the coils of the coil spring 10 is detected, and the vertical driving operation of the pressing member 91 corresponding to the pitch feed amount is controlled. Therefore, any of the photoelectric sensor 41, the image sensor 42, and the proximity sensor 44 may be used for the detection, but the distance per one coil of the coil spring 10 is narrow, and the photoelectric sensor 41 or the proximity sensor 44 malfunctions. If there is a possibility that the problem may occur, it is effective to detect brightness and the like due to the unevenness of the coil using the image sensor 42 by image processing. In particular, there is no problem if the gap between the coils is large like a compression spring, but if the coils are in contact with each other in a normal state like a tension spring, the image sensor can not be detected The use of 42 is effective.

Information on positional information and shape change input from each of the sensors 40 is collected in a PLC (programmable logic controller) such as a sequencer (registered trademark), and outputs an operation command to a servomotor or a feeder by calculation. Control various devices.

The apparatus 2 for producing an arc-shaped coil spring according to the present invention is an apparatus for carrying out the method 1 for producing an arc-shaped coil spring, and as shown in FIG. Clamping mechanism 50 for rotation and fixing, end detection mechanism 60 using metal sensor or image sensor 42, rotation angle positioning mechanism 70 by providing clamping mechanism 50 with rotation mechanism, rotation angle control of servo motor, photodiode etc. Sensor 40 for optically detecting, a pitch feed mechanism 80 by slider control of slide rail 81, and a pressing member driving mechanism 90 using cam 98, each mechanism being executed by program control by sequence control or the like It is an apparatus. It is also effective to use an air cylinder using compressed air instead of the servomotor. The characteristic mechanisms are individually described below.

The clamp mechanism 50 has a structure for fixing the linear cylindrical coil spring 20 in order to process it, and as shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 7 (b) and FIG. 8 (a), the fixing means has an L-shaped tip. Using the clamp 51 having the claw portion 52 bent in the shape of a circle, the clamp portion 51 is formed of the first and second effective number of turns of the contact surface 13 of the seat surface of one side of the straight cylindrical coil spring 20. Hold in between and secure.

The end detection mechanism 60 is a device for detecting positional information of the end 11 in a state where the linear cylindrical coil spring 20 is held by the clamp mechanism 50 using the sensor 40. Specifically, for example, by using a photoelectric sensor 41 as the sensor 40, a light projector provided on both sides of the end 11 of the straight cylindrical coil spring 20 and a light receiver receiving the light, the straight cylindrical coil spring 20 In accordance with the operation of the pitch feed mechanism 80, the light shielding of the light received by the light receiver is detected, and this position is obtained as position information for the end portion 11. In addition, it is also effective to set it as the structure provided with multiple, and the structure which detects an angle by the image sensor 42 so that the sensor 40 used for the edge part detection mechanism 60 can measure the angle of the detection surface T of the edge part 11. FIG.

The rotation angle positioning mechanism 70 rotates to the designated position when it is specified that the contact surface 13 is disposed at which rotation angle in a state in which the linear cylindrical coil spring 20 is sandwiched by the clamp mechanism 50. It is a device that makes it correct and checks the mounting condition by the sensor 40 and controls the operation for correction.

The pitch feed mechanism 80 is a device for moving the pressing member 91 to a position for pressing down between the pitches 15 of the coil spring 10, and moves the one end of the tip of the pressing member 91 to an appropriate position. is there. As for the amount of movement of the pitch feed mechanism 80, an input of a designated numerical value, the optical detection mechanism, or the like may be used. As a simple thing, if the movement amount is always constant like the equal-length coil spring 10, the repeated operation can be easily commanded, and the program for operation command control can be made extremely simple. . Furthermore, even if it is desired to slightly change the curvature or to form a complex arc-shaped coil spring 30 having different partial curvatures, programming is performed to set in detail the change in the amount of push and the speed V corresponding to such a shape. It is also possible to process in such a shape by carrying out.

The pressing member driving mechanism 90 is a device that operates the pressing member 91 up and down using the motor 97 and the cam 98, and in the present invention, is operated by the rotational movement from the motor 97 converted into such linear movement. .

The blade position adjustment mechanism 00 uses the various sensors 40 to insert the position of the blade 96 between before the position of the blade 96 of the pressing member 91 is correctly inserted into the pitch space 15 of the coil spring 10 and before it is pulled out. It is a mechanism that calculates the information input from the sensor 40 accurately and the operation speed, gives an appropriate operation command to the servo press 01, and adjusts the position of the cutting edge 96.

The present invention combines the first technical element that employs a non-conventional clamp mechanism 50 and the second technical element that performs control based on more accurate mounting positions using various sensors 40. As a result, it is possible to significantly reduce the processing time as compared with the conventional apparatus, and it is clear that the productivity can be dramatically improved.

The present invention is considered to be capable of providing a more accurate spring at a low cost and having high industrial applicability in the starting industry that manufactures an arc-shaped spring having a curvature such as a clutch of a car.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Method of manufacturing arc-shaped coil spring 2 Apparatus for manufacturing arc-shaped coil spring 10 Coil spring 11 End 12 Opposite end 13 Abutment surface 14 Effective line diameter 15 Pitch between 20 Straight cylindrical coil spring 30 Arc-shaped coil spring 40 Sensor 41 Photoelectric sensor 42 Image sensor 43 Contact sensor 44 Proximity sensor 50 Clamp mechanism 51 Clamp 52 Claw 60 End part detection mechanism 70 Rotation angle positioning mechanism 80 Pitch feed mechanism 81 Slide rail 90 Pressing member drive mechanism 91 Pressing member 92 Inclination angle 93 follower 94 mold 95 guide plate 96 cutting edge 97 motor 98 cam 99 contactor 00 cutting edge position adjusting mechanism 01 servo press A clamping process B end detection process C rotation angle positioning process D pitch feeding process E pressing member driving process J pitch Angle L pitch feed direction P depressed position S detection points (S1 · S2 · S3 · S4 · S5 · S6 · S7 · S8)
T detection surface V speed

Claims

A method of manufacturing a coil spring (10) having a curvature from a straight cylindrical shape by driving a pressing member between pitches,
Clamping step (A) for fixing the straight cylindrical coil spring (20);
Pitch feed process (D),
The clamping step (A) includes a pressing member driving step (E), and the clamping step (A) uses a clamp (51) having a claw portion (52) whose tip is bent downward in an L shape, the claw portion (52) The straight cylindrical coil spring (20) is fixed at the bottom of the effective wire span (14) which is the first and second effective number of turns from the bearing surface on one side,
The pitch feed step (D) is a position at which the pressing member driving step (E) is started and the straight cylindrical coil spring (20) is moved to an appropriate position during the pressing member driving step (E). Use) to move
In the pressing member driving step (E),
Drive the pressing member (91) from above into the pitch interval (15) and mechanically convert the rotational force of the motor (97) into reciprocating motion linearly with the cam (98) to be adjacent While repeating by repeating to said pitch interval (15),
An operation to adjust the position of a minute blade edge is performed by the servo press (01),
Each operation in the pitch feeding step (D) and the pressing member driving step (E) forms an arc-shaped coil spring (30) having an arbitrary curvature by performing velocity (V) control and position control. The manufacturing method (1) of the arc-shaped coil spring which is characterized.
Each operation required in the pitch feeding step (D) and the pressing member driving step (E) is
It is controlled based on position and shape information obtained from each sensor (40) which is any one of the photoelectric sensor (41), the image sensor (42), the contact sensor (43), the proximity sensor (44) or a combination thereof. The method (1) for producing an arc-shaped coil spring according to claim 1, characterized in that:
A manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a coil spring (10) having a curvature from a straight cylindrical shape,
A clamp mechanism (50) for fixing the straight cylindrical coil spring (20);
Pitch feed mechanism (80),
A pressing member driving mechanism (90);
With the blade position adjustment mechanism (00),
Have
The clamp mechanism (50) uses a clamp (51) having a claw (52) whose tip is bent downward in an L shape, and the claw (52) is one side of the straight cylindrical coil spring (20). Fasten at the bottom of the effective span (14), the first and second effective number of turns from the seat of the
The pitch feed mechanism (80) moves the straight cylindrical coil spring (20) to a suitable position using the slide rail (81) at a position at which the operation of the pressing member driving mechanism (90) is started and during operation. Let
While finely adjusting the position of the blade edge (96) using the servo press (01) by the blade edge position adjusting mechanism (00),
A cam which converts a series of operations for driving and pulling back the pressing member (91) between adjacent pitches (15) by the pressing member driving mechanism (90) from rotation of the motor (97) to linear reciprocating motion. Repeat (98),
Arc-shaped coil spring formed into a shape having an arbitrary curvature by controlling the operation using the servo press (01) and the slide rail (81) to a suitable speed (V) and position respectively Production equipment (2).
Necessary operations in each of the pitch feeding mechanism (80), the pressing member driving mechanism (90), and the cutting edge position adjusting mechanism (00) are as follows.
It is controlled based on position and shape information obtained from each sensor (40) which is any one of the photoelectric sensor (41), the image sensor (42), the contact sensor (43), the proximity sensor (44) or a combination thereof. The apparatus (2) for producing an arc-shaped coil spring according to claim 3, characterized in that: