WO2019021128A1 - Protection de charge - Google Patents

Protection de charge Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019021128A1
WO2019021128A1 PCT/IB2018/055386 IB2018055386W WO2019021128A1 WO 2019021128 A1 WO2019021128 A1 WO 2019021128A1 IB 2018055386 W IB2018055386 W IB 2018055386W WO 2019021128 A1 WO2019021128 A1 WO 2019021128A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
load
load dump
motor
dump according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2018/055386
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Raymond Peto
Original Assignee
Quepal Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Quepal Limited filed Critical Quepal Limited
Publication of WO2019021128A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019021128A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/06—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric generators; for synchronous capacitors
    • H02H7/067—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric generators; for synchronous capacitors on occurrence of a load dump
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/0833—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors for electric motors with control arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/09—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against over-voltage; against reduction of voltage; against phase interruption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/4815—Resonant converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
    • H02P23/20—Controlling the acceleration or deceleration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/40—Regulating or controlling the amount of current drawn or delivered by the motor for controlling the mechanical load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P3/00—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P3/06—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter
    • H02P3/18—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an ac motor
    • H02P3/22—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an ac motor by short-circuit or resistive braking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/4826—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode operating from a resonant DC source, i.e. the DC input voltage varies periodically, e.g. resonant DC-link inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P5/00—Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a load dump, for example of the type used with a direct current (DC) link connection for sharing regenerated power between two or more electrically driven units. More particularly the invention relates to a load dump for connection to a dynamic braking resistor. For example, when several motor drives and motors are operating together, are interconnected in one system.
  • DC direct current
  • the design of a conventional motor drive tends to include a rectified front end and direct connection to a DC link capacitor (charged to the peak of the input voltage) with a 3 phase half bridge output circuit connected to this.
  • a DC link capacitor charged to the peak of the input voltage
  • the usual technique is to operate the motor as a generator by altering the phasing of applied waveforms to the motor in the case of permanent magnet or switched or variable reluctance motors, and altering the applied waveform frequency in the case of induction motors.
  • the DC link capacitor has to be large, as it can accommodate the voltage ripple that occurs during braking, and so that the instantaneous peak braking voltage does not drop below the input voltage, thus wasting input power in the braking resistor.
  • WO 2013/013678 teaches a device for dissipating power from a generator in a wind turbine.
  • the device has a plurality of dissipating units, a plurality of semiconductor switches, a trigger circuit for switching the semiconductor switches and a control unit for controlling the operation of the trigger circuit, thereby controlling the switching of the semiconductor switches.
  • An aim of the invention is to provide a reliable motor braking system without high voltages being developed either across the motor or within the motor drive itself.
  • a load dump for connection to a load includes: an energy sink and a controller, the controller actuates a switch to divert current to the sink when a threshold is exceeded, so as to dissipate excess energy from the load to the sink, characterised in that the switch is actuated when excess power from the load causes an increase in an intermediate voltage.
  • the motor drive topology used allows for the braking resistor to be placed between the variable voltage stage and the 3 phase half bridge output stage. This allows the midpoint clamping of voltage to occur and it is this midpoint clamping of voltage within the drive which achieves a motor braking system at low voltages.
  • the switching device that is connected to the motor braking resistor is switched into operation to dissipate this braking energy without excessive voltage build up occurring.
  • This so-called dynamic regeneration has a significantly greater tolerance range than conventional braking techniques.
  • the midpoint voltage is typically between zero volts and a maximum peak rating that is permitted by lesser rated components and the motor insulation.
  • a typical value is between 50 and 80% of the nominal maximum drive supply voltage. Comparing this with a conventional drive, where the clamping voltage is in the region of 1 15 to 120% and the overvoltage trip is around 125% of the nominal peak supply voltage so as to accommodate supply voltage tolerances.
  • the DC link voltage is operated around the midpoint between the variable voltage circuit and a 3 phase half bridge inverter which is required for the operational speed and the load of the motor.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of a quasi-sine resonant drive
  • Figure 2 illustrates a more detailed circuitry of power components of the quasi- resonant drive of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 shows a block diagram of a quasi-sine motor drive
  • Figure 4 is a diagrammatical overall view of a whole motor system including: a drive module, a power drive system; and a motor system;
  • FIG. 5A shows an example of a conventional pulse width modulated (PWM) motor drive circuit
  • Figure 5B shows an additional switch to minimise input current surge in the motor drive circuit of Figure 5A;
  • Figures 6A to 6E are functional diagrams showing alternative system capabilities, handling energy flows, operating in different modes;
  • Figures 7A and 7B are examples of alternative circuits for limiting in-rush current between an active front end and a DC connection;
  • Figure 8 shows load dump position across intermediate voltage point.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of a quasi-sine resonant drive.
  • the output part of the circuit consisting of the variable frequency stage, the slew rate capacitors and the motor itself forms a resonant circuit.
  • Sensors may be shown connected to the motor giving an indication of speed. This can also give an indication of torque ripple if differentiated. Alternatively motor information can be calculated or derived from other measurable parameters.
  • the variable voltage part of the circuit, shown at figure 1 is typically also a resonant voltage conversion topology.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a more detailed circuit showing power components of a quasi- resonant drive circuit.
  • Figure 2 shows a three phase half bridge frequency determining circuit with slew rate capacitors C6, C7 and C8 arranged in parallel with their outputs connected to the motor. The voltage amplitude of the generated waveforms at the output is determined by the variable voltage part of the circuit.
  • one of the output drive transistors, Q3, (shown in Figure 2), is turned off quickly.
  • the current that was flowing prior to switch off of Q3 transfers to charging or discharging slew rate capacitors C6 and C8 until the voltage across switching device Q4 becomes reverse biased, at which instant diode D4 switches to conduct.
  • Diode Q4 may be either intrinsic or external to the now reverse biased switching device.
  • Control circuitry now turns on switch Q4, (shown in Figure 2) and maintains it on until it is switched off quickly. This repeats the resonant switching process. This same resonant process occurs on both of the other phases of the output; or as many phases that are appropriate for the motor/generator that is being controlled ( Figure 2).
  • the operation of output circuit, the variable frequency circuit part of Figure 2 is essentially determined by a controller (figure 1 ) which acts to force outputs to go off at a predetermined instant.
  • switches Q3 to Q8 are switched on again by detecting the instant when the voltage across a switch is at zero potential, thereby ensuring no "shoot through" currents can occur. Therefore switch on occurs with no voltage potential across a switch. This ensures that there are no transient (voltage x current x dt) losses.
  • variable voltage element shown in Figure 2 of the circuit, includes switches Q1 and Q2 and associated other components which are also operated in a resonant mode. As configured the variable Voltage circuit provides a voltage step down function from the supply across C1 .
  • the voltage amplitude of the waveform itself can be modulated with a voltage waveform that effectively attempts to null the generation of harmonic currents.
  • Shunt slew rate capacitors C6, C7, C8 in Figure 2 tend to modify transitions of the voltage waveform, thus the voltage waveform (from which the motor current waveform is derived) already has a reduced harmonic content and, in combination with the motor impedances at that speed and load, the resultant current harmonics are reduced further.
  • Figure 3 shows optimisation of the operation of controlling power in or out of a synchronous or non-synchronous motor/generator/alternator in order to achieve maximum overall efficiency (least losses) of the combination of the drive and motor/generator/alternator consistent with other desired parameters.
  • Figure 4 In order to understand how a motor drive system is considered, convention has arranged boundaries for the motor in context with the power connection to supply the power for it.
  • Figure 4 shows the boundaries of a complete drive module (CDM), a power drive system (PDS) and a motor system comprising the motor itself and the attached mechanical load. This is included as a requirement of "CE Marking and Technical Standardisation Guidelines" for application to electrical power drive systems. The relevance here is that the overall efficiency of the techniques described is to be read and understood in the context of the 'motor system' in this guide.
  • CDM complete drive module
  • PDS power drive system
  • PWM pulse width modulator
  • FIG. 5A shows an example of a pulse width modulated (PWM) motor drive.
  • PWM pulse width modulated
  • Figure 5A illustrates the basic building blocks of a conventional PWM motor drive. This became feasible around the mid 1980s with the development of the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT). This was accepted for motor control as it allowed motors to consume less power than direct on line connection, under most conditions. However the IGBT suffered from a number of negative effects which have been accepted and worked around rather than designed out of drive circuits. The motor drive in its latest form has reached a point where it is not easy to improve it in any way. However it is a simple, reliable drive that is used in great quantities worldwide.
  • IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
  • Figure 5B illustrates an example of a conventional PWM drive as depicted in Figure 5A but with a series resistor R1 and a shunt relay contact S1 to minimise the turn on surge current that would be drawn from the supply by the DC filter capacitors as shown in Figure 5A.
  • FIGS 6A to 6E show diagrammatically front end current paths under different modes and shows the way that the active front end, in conjunction with some energy storage capability and the motor drive, can perform several functions. Some of the functions can occur at the same time. The size of the energy storage device (not shown) can be adjusted to suit the functions required.
  • Figures 7a and 7b show examples of current inrush limited circuitry added at the junction of the +ve connection between the active front end and DC link. To avoid inrush current at the instant of connection (or reconnection) of the supply voltage to the inputs of the active front end, it is necessary to incorporate some additional means to eliminate, or at least significantly reduce, the inrush current.
  • the circuits ( Figure 7a and 7b) behave in very different manner to each other.
  • Figure 7a the current limiting means is placed between the output of the active Front ends and the DC link connection.
  • Figure 7a shows a modified Buck converter that provides good control of the amount of energy that can be transferred from the active front ends to the DC link. This feature of the invention is very important as it allows reconnection and continuation during 'brown out' and blackout conditions without nuisance tripping and therefore offers significant benefits in areas where surety of supply is not always guaranteed.
  • Figure 7b shows an example of using a conventional resistor and relay to protect against inrush current.
  • a disadvantage with this arrangement is that the resistance value is high in order to limit current inrush when the DC link is at a zero to low voltage at the point of application of the utility to the three phase inputs. This value is too high to allow for normal motor operation so a state exists where the motor has to be disconnected until the DC link has been established at the correct voltage. Also the resistance is present when the voltages are higher on the three phase input side than the voltage present on the DC link even when the switching devices in the 3 phase active front end are off.
  • Figure 8 shows load dump position across intermediate voltage point, showing the position of the load dump between the variable voltage block and the variable frequency block. This allows the load dump to operate at an intermediate voltage between zero and the supply input voltage.
  • Variation may be made to the invention by including a connection to the load dump from an induction motor or incorporating the load dump in or on the body of a motor or its housing.
  • the load dump may be incorporated in a permanent magnet motor or a switched/variable reluctance motor.
  • Such modified motors may be included in electrical appliances, such as pumps, tools, drive systems or other machines or vehicles, such as electric cars, busses or trains.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une protection de charge, par exemple destinée à être connectée à une résistance de freinage dynamique, qui est particulièrement utile lorsque plusieurs mécanismes d'entraînement à moteurs et moteurs fonctionnent ensemble et sont reliés entre eux en un seul système. Une protection de charge destinée à être connectée à une charge comprend : un dissipateur d'énergie et un contrôleur. Le contrôleur actionne un commutateur pour dévier le courant vers le dissipateur d'énergie lorsqu'un seuil est dépassé, de manière à dissiper l'énergie excédentaire dans le dissipateur. La protection de charge, lorsque le commutateur se ferme, se trouve à une tension qui est intermédiaire entre une source de tension et la charge. Un avantage de l'invention réside dans le fait que lorsque cela est nécessaire, l'énergie est dissipée à un taux très rapide indépendant de la tension d'alimentation du réseau.
PCT/IB2018/055386 2017-07-25 2018-07-19 Protection de charge WO2019021128A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1711924.9 2017-07-25
GB1711924.9A GB2565272A (en) 2017-07-25 2017-07-25 A load dump

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019021128A1 true WO2019021128A1 (fr) 2019-01-31

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PCT/IB2018/055386 WO2019021128A1 (fr) 2017-07-25 2018-07-19 Protection de charge

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WO (1) WO2019021128A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3772810A1 (fr) * 2019-08-05 2021-02-10 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Procédé de précharge de condensateur de liaison cc utilisant un convertisseur survolteur en série
EP3872972A1 (fr) * 2020-02-28 2021-09-01 Motor Competence Center Holding Flensburg GmbH Entraînement à vitesse variable pour un module de compresseur

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995017780A1 (fr) * 1993-12-22 1995-06-29 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Procede et appareil d'estimation, sans transducteur, de vitesse, de position et de flux dans des dispositifs de commande de machines a courant alternatif
WO2005002904A1 (fr) * 2003-07-04 2005-01-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Limiteur de surtension conçu pour un convertisseur de courant de traction
EP2293427A2 (fr) * 2009-09-04 2011-03-09 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Freinage dynamique pour commande basée sur un convertisseur de source de courant

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