WO2019021055A1

WO2019021055A1 - Systems and methods for a wheelchair that is modular and allows differently designed modules to be interchanged

Info

Publication number: WO2019021055A1
Application number: PCT/IB2018/000878
Authority: WO
Inventors: Rachael Tamsin WALLACH VON PORTHEIM; Kang Cheng; Qunjie ZHU; Steve Cox
Original assignee: Disrupt Disability Ltd.
Priority date: 2017-07-24
Filing date: 2018-07-23
Publication date: 2019-01-31

Abstract

Modular wheelchairs and method for their assembly are described. A modular wheelchair comprises a central hub having a plurality of interfaces. The interfaces releasably couple to connectors of a plurality of wheelchair modules, which include a seat, a backrest, a rear axle, a footrest, and a castor fork. The wheelchair modules are typically customized for a particular user and each module is interchangeable. A plurality of user-controllable release mechanisms is provided to releasably couple the hub interface and module connector to one another. The release mechanism can easily be manipulated by the user to release the module from the hub so that the module can be changed.

Description

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR A WHEELCHAIR THAT IS MODULAR AND ALLOWS DIFFERENTLY DESIGNED MODULES TO BE INTERCHANGED

CROSS-REFERENCE

[0001] The present PCT application claims priority to PCT Application No.

PCT/CN2017/094140 filed July 24, 2017, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

[0002] All publications and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety, as if each individual publication or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] This invention relates generally to the wheelchair field, and more specifically to a new and useful system and method for a wheelchair that is modular and allows differently designed modules to be interchanged.

BACKGROUND

[0004] A wheelchair should be customized to the body, environment and lifestyle of its user. The more a wheelchair has been customized to the needs of its user, the easier it is for them to use. Examples of ways that a wheelchair can be customized include:

Dimensions that match the body of the user,

- A backrest that provides postural support,

- A bucketed seat that provides additional stability,

- A wide castor fork with large wheels and suspension that enables the user to navigate uneven terrain,

- A narrow castor fork with small wheels that enables the user to turn in tight spaces, and

- Rear wheels with camber that are more efficient to push.

[0005] Existing wheelchairs are typically adjustable or custom built. Wheelchairs that can be customized through adjustable elements are not optimal because the adjustable elements incur additional weight. Wheelchairs that are custom built are optimized for a particular use case (e.g. use in doors) and are either difficult to use in other circumstances (e.g. on uneven terrain) or require parts to be added (e.g. a detachable castor fork with large wheels, suspension and a wider wheelbase).

[0006] The extent to which existing wheelchairs can be customized is limited, either by the extent to which they can be adjusted or the availability of parts that can be added on to them. Where additional parts for a wheelchair are available they are typically only suitable for a small number of wheelchair models. Additional parts or modifications to existing wheelchairs typically need to be assembled by a mechanic.

[0007] Thus, there is a need for a new and useful system and method for a wheelchair that is modular and allows different modules, which have been customized to different needs of a user's body, lifestyle or environment, to be easily interchanged. Additionally a modular wheelchair system with standardized connectors would enable different modules to be made using distributed manufacture. This invention provides such a new and useful system and method.

[0008] References of interest include: US20100038880, US20160143793, US5156226, US5176393, US5301964, US5851018, US8186695, US8336904, US9084708, US9700469, US9950733, WO2006053437, and WO2009039503.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] FIG. 1 illustrates the front view of a modular wheelchair (100) that comprises a hub (200) and five standardized connectors (301-305) which join the five core wheelchair modules (101105), to the hub (200) and allow differently designed modules to be easily interchanged in accordance with a preferred embodiment. 101 is the backrest module, 102 is the seat module, 103 is the rear wheel axel module, 104 is the footrest module, 105 is the castor fork module, and 200 is the hub. The five standardized connectors (301-305) may be joined to each of the five core wheelchair modules (101-105) and connect each of these modules to the hub (200).

[0010] FIG. 2 illustrates the side view of a modular wheelchair (100) that comprises a hub (200) and five standardized connectors (301-305), which join the 5 core wheelchair modules (101-105) to the hub (200) and allow differently designed modules to be easily interchanged in accordance with a preferred embodiment. 101 is the backrest module, 102 is the seat module, 103 is the rear wheel axel module, 104 is the footrest module, 105 is the castor fork module, and 200 is the hub. The five standardized connectors (301-305) are not visible or labeled in FIG. 2 but are joined to each of the five core wheelchair modules (101- 105) and connect each of these modules to the hub (200).

[0011] FIG. 3 illustrates the hub (200) and connectors (301-305), a method for joining the five core wheelchair modules (101-105) together in accordance with a preferred embodiment. 201 is the backrest interface, 301 is the backrest connector, 202 is the seat interface, 302 is the seat connector, 203 is the rear wheel axel interface, 303 is the rear wheel axel connector, 204 is the footrest interface, 304 is the footrest connector, 205 is the castor fork interface, 305 is castor fork connector. 400 is the mechanism that enables each of the connectors (301-305) to attach and release from its respective interface with the hub (201-205). This mechanism (400) is shown in detail in FIG. 5a and 5b.

[0012] FIG. 4 illustrates a connector (300). The connector could be a backrest connector (301) or seat connector (302) or rear wheel axel connector (303) or footrest connector (304) or castor fork connector (305). 310 is the end of the connector that is inserted into one of the hub interfaces (201-205) and functions to attach the module (101-105) to the hub (200). 320 is the other end of the connector that is joined to the module (101-105). 330 is a hole in one side of the connector. When a pin (401) is inserted into this hole in the side of the connector (330) it securely attaches the connector (and the module that the connector is joined to) to the hub (200).

[0013] FIG. 5a illustrates a mechanism (400) that is part of the hub (200) and is part of each of the module interfaces (201-205). This mechanism (400) securely attaches and releases connectors (301-305) from their respective interface with the hub (201-205). Since connectors are joined to modules (101-105) this mechanism is the means by which differently designed versions of modules (101-105) can be interchanged. 401 is a pin, 402 is a spring, 403 is a hollow screw, 404 is a button, 405 is the casing, 200 is the hub and could be any of the hub interfaces 201-205, 300 is a connector and could be any of connectors 301-305. FIG 5a. illustrates the mechanism (400) in the position where the connector (300) is attached to hub (200).

[0014] FIG. 5b illustrates a mechanism (400) that is part of the hub (200) and is part of each of the module interfaces (201-205). This mechanism (400) securely attaches and releases connectors (301-305) from their respective interface with the hub (201-205). Since connectors are joined to modules (101-105) this mechanism is the means by which differently designed versions of modules (101-105) can be interchanged. 401 is a pin, 402 is a spring, 403 is a hollow screw, 404 is a button, 405 is the casing, 200 is the hub and could be any of the hub interfaces 201-205, 300 is a connector and could be any of connectors 301-305. FIG 5b. illustrates the mechanism (400) in the position where the connector (300) is released from the hub (200).

[0015] FIG 6. Illustrates a preferred method by which a user would obtain a modular wheelchair device with interchangeable modules (100).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to these preferred embodiments, but rather to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use this invention. Disclosed herein are systems and methods for the general function of the wheelchair, including the characteristics that allow for it to be modular and enabled differently designed modules to be interchanged.

[0017] In general, the wheelchair device (100) may include a hub (200); a plurality of standardized connectors (300), typically, five connectors (301-305), that connect wheelchair modules, typically five modules (101-105) to the hub (200), typically including a seat module 101; a backrest module 102; a rear wheel axel module 103; a footrest module 104; a castor fork module 105; and a mechanism (400) that allows differently designed modules (101-105) to securely attach to the hub (200) and be interchanged. Potentially this mechanism may include a pin (401) with a spring (402) inside a hollow screw (403) surrounded by casing (405) that includes a button (404) and which the pin (401) is fixed to.

[0018] The wheelchair device (100) may include fewer than five connectors and modules. Not all users may wish to have all five modules e.g. a user may prefer not to have a backrest and the device may be comprised of fewer modules and therefore require fewer connectors. Some module designs may be hybrid modules e.g. a single module may combine the castor fork and footrest and the device may be comprised of fewer modules and therefore require fewer connectors.

[0019] The wheelchair device (100) may include more than five standardized connectors and modules. Some users may require additional modules and the device may therefore have additional connectors e.g. a user may require a separate anti-tip module or a neck support module so the device may be comprised of additional modules and require additional connectors.

[0020] The seat module (101) may provide a seat for the user to sit on and be joined to the seat connector (301). The seat connector (301) may attach to the seat interface with the hub (201). Different seat module (101) designs may vary in terms of the shape, width and breadth. Some seat module designs may include a cushion while others will require the user to provide their own cushion. Some seat module designs may extend upwards to encase the thighs of the user while others may be flat. Some seat module designs may attach to the hub at different points on the midline of the wheelchair to vary the location of the user's center of gravity. Some seat module designs may position the user higher or lower. Some seat module designs may include armrests. Some seat module designs may include a transfer board. Some seat module designs may be bucketed to different degrees. Seat module designs may be made from some combination of materials including but not limited metal, carbon fiber, plastic, wood, rubber, foam and fabric.

[0021] The backrest module (102) may provide support for the user's back and be joined to the backrest connector (302). The backrest connector (302) may attach to the backrest interface with the hub (202). Different backrest module (102) designs may vary in terms of the shape, width and breadth. Some backrest module designs may include padding. Some backrest module designs may include neck or head support or armrests. Some backrest module designs may attach to the hub at different angles to vary the user's sitting position. Backrest module designs may be of different heights. Backrest module designs may be made from some combination of materials including but not limited metal, carbon fiber, plastic, wood, rubber, foam and fabric.

[0022] The rear wheel axel module (103) may attach the two rear wheels and be joined to the rear wheel axel connector (303). The rear wheel axel connector (303) may attach to the rear wheel axel interface with the hub (203). Different rear wheel axel module (103) designs may vary in terms of length and shape. Some rear wheel axel module designs may include a quick release mechanism for the rear wheels. Some rear wheel axel module designs may provide the rear wheels with different degrees of camber. Rear wheel axel module designs may be made from some combination of materials including but not limited metal, carbon fiber, plastic, wood, rubber, foam and fabric.

[0023] The footrest module (104) may provide a place for the user's feet to rest and be joined to the footrest connector (304). The footrest connector (304) may attach to footrest interface with the hub (204). Different footrest module (104) designs may vary in terms of length and shape depending on the leg length of the user, their preferred leg position and where they prefer to rest their feet. Some footrest module designs may include a hinge so the user can fold the footrest away when they do not need it or to enable a feet first transfer. Some footrest module designs may include two pieces of metal that frame the users legs, a shell encasing some or part of the users legs and/or a strap to keep the users legs in the desired position. Footrest module designs may be made from some combination of materials including but not limited metal, carbon fiber, plastic, wood, rubber, foam and fabric.

[0024] The castor fork module (105) may hold one or more castor forks with castor wheels and be joined to the castor fork connector (305). The castor fork connector (305) may attach to castor fork interface with the hub (205). Different castor fork module (105) designs may vary in terms of the number of castor forks and castor wheels they include. Some castor fork module designs will provide the wheelchair device (100) with a larger or smaller wheelbase, this may depend upon the amount of stability required and the size of turning circle required by the user. Some castor fork module designs may include castor forks with integrated suspension. Some castor fork module designs may include wheels of different sizes with different thickness of tires depending on the terrain they are optimized for. Castor fork module designs may be made from some combination of materials including but not limited metal, carbon fiber, plastic, wood, rubber, foam and fabric.

[0025] The hub (200) is an apparatus for joining the five core wheelchair modules (101-105) together and is used in methods to join the modules together in accordance with a preferred embodiment.

[0026] The hub (200) may have 5 interfaces (201-205). The hub may have a seat interface (201) at the top that may attach to the seat connector (301), which may be joined to the seat module (101). A quick release mechanism (400) may be attached ot the seat interface (201). The pin (401), which is part of this mechanism (400), may go through a hole in the seat interface (201) to attach the seat module (101) to the hub (200). In the preferred embodiment the cross section of the seat interface (201) is square however it may have a different shape e.g. a circle or triangle.

[0027] The hub may have a backrest interface (202) at the side that may attach to the backrest connector (302), which may be joined to the backrest module (102). A quick release mechanism (400) may be attached to the backrest interface (202). The pin (401), which is part of this mechanism (400), may go through a hole in the backrest interface (202) to attach the backrest module (102) to the hub (200). In the preferred embodiment the cross section of the backrest interface (202) is square however it may have a different shape e.g. a circle or triangle.

[0028] The hub may have a rear wheel axel interface (203) going through the middle that may attach to the rear wheel axel connector (303), which may be joined to the rear wheel axel module (103). A quick release mechanism (400) may be attached to the rear wheel axel interface (203). The pin (401), which is part of this mechanism (400), may go through a hole in the rear wheel axel interface (203) to attach the rear wheel axel module (103) to the hub (200). In the preferred embodiment the cross section of the rear wheel axel interface (203) is square however it may have a different shape e.g. a circle or triangle.

[0029] The hub may have a footrest interface (204) opposite the backrest interface (202) that may attach to the footrest connector (304), which may be joined to the footrest module (104). A quick release mechanism (400) may be attached to the footrest interface (204). The pin (401), which is part of this mechanism (400), may go through a hole in the footrest interface

(204) to attach the footrest module (104) to the hub (200). In the preferred embodiment the cross section of the footrest interface (204) is square however it may have a different shape e.g. a circle or triangle.

[0030] The hub may have a castor fork interface (205) opposite the backrest interface (202) that may attach to the castor fork connector (305), which may be joined to the castor fork module (105). A quick release mechanism (400) may be attached to the castor fork interface

(205) . The pin (401), which is part of this mechanism (400), may go through a hole in the castor fork interface (205) to attach the castor fork module (105) to the hub (200). In the preferred embodiment the cross section of the castor fork interface (205) is square however it may have a different shape e.g. a circle or triangle.

[0031] The hub (200) may include fewer than five interfaces. Not all users may wish to have all five modules e.g. a user may prefer not to have a backrest and the device may therefore have fewer modules and therefore require fewer interfaces in the hub. Some module designs may be hybrid modules e.g. a single module may combine the castor fork and footrest so the device may be comprised of fewer modules and therefore require fewer interfaces in the hub.

[0032] The hub (200) may include more than five interfaces. Some users may require additional modules and the device may therefore have additional interfaces in the hub e.g. a user may require a separate anti-tip module or a neck support module and the hub may therefore have additional interfaces to accommodate these additional modules.

[0033] The hub (200) will presumably be made of a lightweight yet sturdy metal e.g.

Aluminum. The hub may be clad in casing. Hub casing may be made from some

combination of materials including but not limited metal, carbon fiber, plastic, wood, rubber, foam and fabric.

[0034] The connectors (301-305) are a method for joining wheelchair modules to the hub and enabling wheelchair modules of different designs (e.g, two different seat designs) to be interchanged. [0035] One end of the seat connector (301) may be joined to the seat module (101) and the other end may attach to the seat interface (201). The seat connector (301) may have a hole in one side (330). The pin (401), which is part of the quick release mechanism (400) that may be attached to the seat interface (201), may go through the hole in the side of the seat connector (330) to attach the seat module (101) to the hub (200). In the preferred

embodiment the cross section of the seat connector (301) is square however in alternative embodiments it may have a different shape e.g. a circle or triangle. The seat connector is presumably made of a lightweight yet sturdy metal e.g. Aluminum.

[0036] One end of the backrest connector (302) may be joined to the backrest module (102) and the other end may attach to the backrest interface (202). The backrest connector (302) may have a hole in one side (330). The pin (401), which is part of the quick release mechanism (400) that may be attached to the backrest interface (202), may go through the hole in the side of the backrest connector (330) to attach the backrest module (102) to the hub (200). In the preferred embodiment the cross section of the backrest connector (302) is square however in alternative embodiments it may have a different shape e.g. a circle or triangle. The backrest connector is presumably made of a lightweight yet sturdy metal e.g. Aluminum.

[0037] The rear wheel axel module (103) may go inside the rear wheel axel connector (303) which may itself go inside the rear wheel axel interface (203). The rear wheel axel connector (303) may have a hole in one side (330). The pin (401), which is part of the quick release mechanism (400) that may be attached to the rear wheel axel interface (203), may go through the hole in the side of the rear wheel axel connector (330) to attach the rear wheel axel module (103) to the hub (200). In the preferred embodiment the cross section of the rear wheel axel connector (303) is square however in alternative embodiments it may have a different shape e.g. a circle or triangle. The rear wheel axel connector is presumably made of a lightweight yet sturdy metal e.g. Aluminum.

[0038] One end of the footrest connector (304) may be joined to the footrest module (104) and the other end may attach to the footrest interface (204). The footrest connector (304) may have a hole in one side (330). The pin (401), which is part of the quick release mechanism (400) that may be attached to the footrest interface (204), may go through the hole in the side of the footrest connector (330) to attach the footrest module (104) to the hub (200). In the preferred embodiment the cross section of the footrest connector (304) is square however in alternative embodiments it may have a different shape e.g. a circle or triangle. The footrest connector is presumably made of a lightweight yet sturdy metal e.g. Aluminum.

[0039] One end of the castor fork connector (305) may be joined to the castor fork module (105) and the other end may attach to the castor fork interface (205). The castor fork connector (305) may have a hole in one side (330). The pin (401), which is part of the quick release mechanism (400) that may be attached to the castor fork interface (205), may go through the hole in the side of the castor fork connector (330) to attach the castor fork module (105) to the hub (200). In the preferred embodiment the cross section of the castor fork connector (305) is square however in alternative embodiments it may have a different shape e.g. a circle or triangle. The castor fork connector is presumably made of a lightweight yet sturdy metal e.g. Aluminum.

[0040] A preferred embodiment of the mechanism by which modules can be interchanged

(400) may include casing (405) that attaches the mechanism (404) to the hub interface (201- 205) and may include a button (404). One end of a pin (401) may be attached to the casing

(401) . The pin (401) may go through a hollow screw (403) and a spring (402). The spring

(402) may go between the pin (401) and the hollow screw (403). The hollow screw (403) may be attached to the hub interface (201-205). When the spring (402) is in its neutral position the pin may go through a hole in the hub interface (201-205) and the connector (301- 305). The pin (401) is presumably made of a metal. The spring (402) is presumably made of a metal), the hollow screw (403) is presumably made of a metal. The button (404) is presumably made of a metal or plastic. The casing (405) is presumably made of a metal. Systems and Device

[0041] As shown in FIG. 1 and 2, a modular wheelchair that allows differently designed modules to be interchanged of a preferred embodiment includes a hub (200); a plurality of standardized connectors (300), typically, five connectors (301-305), that connect wheelchair modules, typically five modules (101-105) to the hub (200), typically including a seat module (101); a backrest module (102); a rear wheel axel module (103); a footrest module (104); a castor fork module (105); and a mechanism (400) that allows differently designed modules (101-105) to securely attach to the hub (200) and be interchanged. The device preferably functions to allow the user to sit and mobilize on wheels either by propelling themselves or by being pushed and maximizes the extent to which the device can be easily customized to meet its user's individual needs. The preferred device is preferably used for propelling oneself or being pushed while in a seated position, but can additionally or alternatively be used for any suitable applications, clinical or otherwise. The device can be configured and/or adapted to function for any suitable function.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 1, 2 and 3, a preferred embodiment for the wheelchair includes a hub (200). The hub (200) preferably functions to provide the wheelchair with modularity and allows differently designed modules (101-105) to be interchanged. The hub (200) is an apparatus for joining one or more of the wheelchair modules (101-105) together. The hub (200) will presumably interface with five standardized connectors (301-305). Each connector (301-305) will be joined to a particular wheelchair module (101-105) and will attach that module to the hub (200). The interface between the hub and each connector (201-205) will enable each module (101-105) to securely attach to the hub (200) and easily be interchanged with a module of a different design. The interface between the hub and each connector (201- 205) will preferably include a quick release mechanism (400). The hub (200) will presumably be made of a lightweight yet sturdy metal e.g. Aluminum. The interfaces (201- 205) and connectors (301-305) may vary in number, size, and shape and may be adapted to meet the needs of user's, wheelchair module makers, to make interchanging modules as easy as possible, and to satisfy the device's requirements for strength and safety.

[0043] As shown in FIG. 1, 2 ,3 and 4, a preferred embodiment for the wheelchair includes five standardized connectors (301-303). The connectors (301-303) preferably function to securely attach wheelchair modules (101-105) to the hub (200) and allow modules of different designs to easily be interchanged. Each connector (301-303) will preferably include a quick release mechanism (400). The connectors (301-303) will presumably be made of a lightweight yet sturdy metal e.g. Aluminum. The connectors (301-303) may vary in number, size, and shape and may be adapted to meet the needs of user's, wheelchair module makers, to make interchanging modules as easy as possible, and to satisfy the device's requirements for strength and safety.

[0044] As shown in FIG. 1 and 2, a preferred embodiment for the wheelchair device (100) includes a seat module (101). The seat module (101) preferably functions to provide a seat for the wheelchair user. The seat module will attach to the hub (200) by means of a standardized connector (301). The standardized connector (301) will securely attach the seat module (101) to the hub (200) and will enable differently designed seat modules (101) to be interchanged. Differently designed seat modules (101) may vary in size, shape, materials and construction and may be customized to meet the individual needs and preferences of wheelchair users. Parameters for customizing seat modules (101) include the users body measurements, their preferred sitting position, the preferred location of their centre of balance, the amount of stability they require from their chair, their continence needs, their need for pressure relief, their aesthetic preferences, their budget and preferred module lifespan.

[0045] As shown in FIG. 1 and 2, a preferred embodiment for the wheelchair device (100) includes a backrest module (102). The backrest module (102) preferably functions to provide back and/or postural support to the wheelchair user. The backrest module (102) will attach to the hub (200) by means of a standardized connector (302). The standardized connector (302) will securely attach the backrest module (102) to the hub (200) and will enable differently designed backrest modules (102) to be interchanged. Differently designed backrest modules (102) may vary in size, shape, materials and construction and may be customized to meet the individual needs and preferences of wheelchair users.

Parameters for customizing backrest modules (102) include the user' s body measurements, their preferred sitting position, their postural support needs, their need for pressure relief, their aesthetic preferences, their budget and preferred module lifespan.

[0046] As shown in FIG. 1 and 2, a preferred embodiment for the wheelchair device (100) includes a rear wheel axel module (103). The rear wheel axel module (103) preferably functions to provide an axel for the large rear wheels. The rear wheel axel module (103) will attach to the hub (200) by means of a standardized connector (303). The standardized connector (303) will securely attach the rear wheel axel module (103) to the hub (200) and will enable differently designed rear wheel axel modules (103) to be interchanged.

Differently deigned rear wheel axel modules (103) may very in size, shape, materials and construction and may be customized to meet the individual needs of wheelchair users. Parameters for customizing rear wheel axel modules (103) include the users body measurements (e.g. arm length and shoulder width), the terrain they intend to use the device on, their wheel and tyre preferences, the amount of stability they require from their chair, their aesthetic preferences, their budget and preferred module lifespan.

[0047] As shown in FIG. 1 and 2, a preferred embodiment for the wheelchair device (100) includes a footrest module (104). The footrest module (104) preferably functions to provide the wheelchair user with a place to rest their feet. The footrest module (104) will attach to the hub (200) by means of a standardized connector (304). The standardized connector (304) will securely attach the footrest module (104) to the hub (200) and will enable differently designed footrest modules (104) to be interchanged. Differently designed footrest modules (104) may vary in size, shape, materials and construction and may be customized to meet the individual needs of wheelchair users. Parameters for customizing footrest modules (104) include the users body measurements (e.g. leg length), their preferred sitting position, their ability to keep their legs in a fixed position, how they transfer in and out of their wheelchair, their aesthetic preferences, their budget and preferred module lifespan.

[0048] As shown in FIG. 1 and 2, a preferred embodiment for the wheelchair device (100) includes a castor fork module (105). The castor fork module (105) preferably functions to provide one ore more castor fork(s) that holds the front castor wheel(s). The castor fork module (105) will securely attach the castor fork module (105) to the hub (200) and will enable differently designed castor fork modules (105) to be interchanged. Differently designed castor fork modules (105) may include different numbers of castor forks and may vary in size, shape, materials and construction and may be customized to meet the individual needs of wheelchair users. Parameters for customizing castor fork modules (103) include terrain the user intend to use the device on, whether the user intends to uses the device in tight spaces, their wheel size and tyre preferences, the amount of stability they require from their chair, their aesthetic preferences, their budget and preferred module lifespan.

[0049] As shown in FIG. 5a and 5b, a preferred embodiment for the wheelchair (100) includes a mechanism (400) that preferably functions to attach and release modules (101-105) to the hub (200) and allows differently designed modules (101-105) to be interchanged.

[0050] As shown in FIG 5a, when no force is applied to the button (404) the mechanism (400) attaches a connector (301-305) to the hub (200). The casing (405) attaches the mechanism (400) to the hub interface (201-205). The pin (401) is fixed to the casing (405) and goes through a hole in the hub interface (201-205). When no force is applied to the button (404) the spring (402) is in its neutral position and the pin (401) extends beyond the hub interface and goes through the hole in the connector (330). In this position the pin (401) therefore attaches the connector (301-305) to the hub (200).

[0051] As shown in FIG 5b, when a force is applied to the button (404) the mechanism releases a connector (301-305) from the hub (200). The casing (405) attaches the mechanism (400) to the hub interface (201-205) such that when the button (404) is pressed the casing (405) is displaced and the spring (402) is shortened. Because the pin (401) is fixed to the casing (405) when the casing is displaced the pin (401) is also displaced such that it no longer goes through the hole in the connector (330). In this position the pin (401) therefore releases the connector (301-305) from the hub (200).

Methods

[0052] As shown in FIG. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5a and 5b a method for a wheelchair that is modular and allows differently designed modules to be interchanged of a preferred embodiment that includes a hub (200) and five standardized connectors (301-305) with a quick release mechanism (400), that joins a seat module (101), back rest module (102), rear wheel axel module (103), castor fork module (104) and footrest module (105). The method preferably functions to allow differently designed modules to easily be interchanged by the user.

Moreover the method preferably functions to enable different manufacturers (including those distributed geographically) to design and make wheelchair modules (101-105) thereby increasing the choice available to the wheelchair user. In the preferred embodiment the method preferably functions by means of standardized connectors (301-305) that are joined to wheelchair modules (101-105) and enable the modules to attach and release from the hub (200) by means of five interfaces with the hub (201-205). In the preferred embodiment the method preferably functions by means of a mechanism (400) that is part of each of the five module interfaces with the hub (201-205) and allows the user to interchange differently designed wheelchair modules by pressing a button (404). When no force is applied to the button (404) in the mechanism (400) a pin (401) attaches the modules (101-105) to the hub (200) by extending from the hub interface (201-205) through a hole in the module's connector (301-305). When force is applied to the button (404) the pin (401)is displaced and no longer extends through the hole in the module's connector (301-305) thereby releasing the connector (301-305) and the module it is joined to (101-105) from the hub (200). The preferred method is preferably used by people who require the use of a wheelchair and would like to greater choice over design and greater ability to customize their wheelchair to enhance their mobility compared to existing devices, but additionally or alternatively can be used for any suitable applications, clinically or otherwise. This method can be configured and/or adapted to function for any suitable means of seated mobility such as a hand bike or ski.

[0053] FIG 6. Illustrates a preferred method by which a user would obtain a modular wheelchair device with interchangeable modules (100).

[0054] Step 601 is the identification of the user, the person who will use the wheelchair device (100). The wheelchair user may self refer to our company possibly by means of a platform that we plan to develop. The wheelchair user may also be referred by a clinician or a retailer/supplier. The clinician, retailer/supplier or customer (an agent acting to purchase the chair on their behalf) may contract directly with our company.

[0055] Step 602 is the development of a wheelchair specification for the user. This activity may be carried out by a clinician, retailer/supplier, by the customer or user (using software that our company intends to develop). The wheelchair specification will include information about the user's: • Body measurements (e.g. arm length, leg length, preferred sitting position etc)

• Functional abilities (e.g. need for back, neck or other postural support, trunk control, method of transfer etc)

• Lifestyle (e.g. whether their wheelchair needs a small turning circle for tight spaces e.g. bathrooms, whether they intend to use their chair for any sports, whether they use their wheelchair for showering, size constraints for individual modules based on how they transport or store their wheelchair)

• Environment (e.g. whether they need to navigate complex terrain like snow, sand uneven ground etc.)

• Aesthetic preference (e.g. preferred color, materials, module design etc.)

• Budget and expected wheelchair lifespan.

[0056] Step 603 is the identification of appropriate wheelchair module designs, module parameters and any customizations required. The wheelchair specification will be used to:

• Define parameters for each wheelchair module (e.g. seat width, backrest height)

• Define parameters for the relationship between different modules and/or the user (e.g. the wheelbase, the location of the rear wheel axel in relation to the users centre of gravity)

• Identify appropriate module designs, which satisfy the wheelchair specification.

• Identify off-the-shelf modules that satisfy the wheelchair specification

• Identify customizations required for customizable module designs to satisfy the

wheelchair specification.

This activity may be carried out by a clinician, retailer/supplier, customer, user, or by software that our company intends to develop.

[0057] Step 604 is the selection of wheelchair modules. The clinician, retailer / supplier, customer or user will choose the modules they wish to purchase. The clinician, retailer / supplier, customer or user may choose modules that are "off-the-shelf and do not require any customization or may choose customized modules that will be made to order. The clinician, retailer / supplier, customer or user may purchase the hub and modules directly from our company or modules they may be purchase the hub and modules through a platform that our company plans to develop that will enable them to contract directly with independent module manufactures or suppliers that we have licensed or approved. [0058] Step 605 is the manufacture of wheelchair modules. The hub and/or wheelchair modules may be manufactured by our company or may be manufactured by independent module manufactures or suppliers that we have licensed or approved.

[0059] Step 606 is the assembly of wheelchair modules. The hub and wheelchair modules may be assembled by our company or may be assembled by the clinician, retailer / supplier, customer or user.

[0060] Step 607 is the interchanging of wheelchair modules. The clinician, retailer / supplier, customer or user may wish to interchange individual modules for reasons that might include:

• The user would like multiple different modules that have been optimized for different environments, which they can interchange (e.g. they would like to have two castor forks, one designed for indoor use and the other for navigating for uneven terrain, sand or snow so they can interchange them depending on the environment they are in).

• The user's body measurements or functional ability has changed so one of their

existing modules is no longer appropriate and they would like to replace it (e.g. the user has put on weight so their seat module no longer fits them and they would like to replace it with a bigger one).

• A module breaks and needs to be replaced with a new one.

If a clinician, retailer / supplier, customer or user would like to interchange a module then they would purchase the module from our company or directly from an independent module manufactures or suppliers that we have licensed or approved. They would then replace their existing module with the new module themselves by operating the quick release mechanism (400) that is part of the hub (200).

[0061] While the above steps of the methods are described in a particular order, the different steps may be provided in a different order. The steps may each comprise sub-steps, and various steps and sub-steps may be repeated or omitted as desired. The steps and sub-steps may be performed by the same or different parties (e.g., an end-user, a clinician, a medical professional, a medical assistant, etc.) and may be performed at the same or different locations (e.g., a hospital, a clinic, a retail location, a home, etc.).

[0062] The hub connector and/or one or more of the modules may be provided through durable medical equipment suppliers, wheelchair retailers, and/or through a private platform such as an online, Internet-based platform. One or more of the devices or device components described herein may be reimbursed by government agencies and private insurers. One or more of the devices or device components described herein may be provided directly to government agencies, insurers, NGOs, and the like. One or more of the devices or device components described herein may be directly provided to the end-user or consumers privately. One or more of the devices or device components described herein may be provided as an entire unit (including hub, connectors and modules), the hub and modules may be provided individually for the user to assemble, or the hub and/or connectors may be provided to module designers, makers and manufacturers.

[0063] The examples and illustrations included herein show, by way of illustration and not of limitation, specific embodiments in which the subject matter may be practiced. Other embodiments may be utilized and derived, such that structural and logical substitutions and changes may be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Such

embodiments of the inventive subject matter may be referred to herein individually or collectively by the term "invention" merely for convenience and without intending to voluntarily limit the scope of this application to any single invention or inventive concept, if more than one is in fact disclosed. Thus, although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, any arrangement calculated to achieve the same purpose may be substituted for the specific embodiments shown. This disclosure is intended to cover any and all adaptations or variations of various embodiments. Combinations of the above embodiments, and other embodiments not specifically described herein, will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A modular wheelchair apparatus comprising:

a central hub having a plurality of interfaces, each interface being configured to releasably couple to a connector of one or more wheelchair modules; and

a plurality of user-controllable release mechanism, each user-controllable release mechanism being coupled to a selected interface and a selected connector for a selected wheelchair module to fixedly and releasably couple said module to the central hub, wherein a plurality of the wheelchair modules is coupled to the central hub through the plurality of interfaces to form a wheelchair.

2. The modular wheelchair apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of the wheelchair modules is customized for an individual user.

3. The modular wheelchair apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of the wheelchair modules comprises a standardized, off-the-shelf module.

4. The modular wheelchair apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of the wheelchair modules is customized based on one or more of a measured or recommended parameter of the user.

5. The modular wheelchair apparatus of claim 3, wherein the measured or recommended parameter of the user comprises one or more of a body measurement, a functional ability of the user, a lifestyle preference of the user, an activity level of the user, a measured user center of balance, a continence need of the user, a postural support need of the user, an arm length, a shoulder width, a leg length, a user ability to keep their legs in a fixed position, how the user transfers in and out of the wheelchair, a seat width, a preferred backrest height, a preferred sitting position, a preferred sitting posture, a preferred location of a user center of balance, a preferred amount of stability, a continence need of the user, a pressure relief need of a user, an aesthetic preference of the user, a preferred module lifespan, a user budget, an intended terrain for use, a wheel preference, a tyre preference, or a tight space use of the wheelchair.

6. The modular wheelchair apparatus of claim 3, wherein the plurality of the wheelchair modules comprises one or more of a seat, a backrest, a rear axle, a footrest, or a castor fork.

7. The modular wheelchair apparatus of claim 6, wherein the plurality of interfaces comprises one or more of a seat interface, a backrest interface, a rear axle interface, a footrest interface, or a castor fork interface.

8. The modular wheelchair apparatus of claim 6, wherein at least one of the one or more of the seat, the backrest, the rear axle, the footrest, or the castor fork is customized for the user.

9. The modular wheelchair apparatus of claim 6, wherein at least one of the one or more of the seat, the backrest, the rear axle, the footrest, or the castor fork is standardized and available off the shelf.

10. The wheelchair apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more wheelchair modules comprises one or more of a motor module, a hand bike module, a ski module, a breaks module, a push handle module, an anti-tipping device module, a leg strap module, a seat belt module, a hoist module, a transfer board module, a sit-to-stand module, an armrest module, a headrest module, a neck support module, a commode module, a shower chair module, a head support module, a bag holder module, a luggage holder module, or an umbrella module.

11. The wheelchair apparatus of claim 1, wherein each user-controllable release mechanism for the plurality of wheelchair modules is the same.

12. The wheelchair apparatus of claim 1, wherein each user-controllable release mechanism comprises a housing, a user-depressible pin within the housing, a spring within the housing and coupled to the pin to bias the spring, and a button coupled to the pin, and wherein pressing the button squeezes the spring and presses the pin to release the release mechanism.

13. The wheelchair apparatus of claim 1, wherein the connector is configured to fit within the interface.

14. The wheelchair apparatus of claim 1, wherein the interface is configured to fit within the connector.

15. The wheelchair apparatus of claim 14, wherein the user-controllable release mechanism is configured to fit over the interface and the connector that are coupled to one another.

16. A modular wheelchair apparatus comprising:

a central hub having a plurality of interfaces, the plurality of interfaces being configured to releasably couple to a plurality of connectors of a plurality of wheelchair modules,

wherein the plurality of wheelchair modules comprises a seat, a backrest, a rear axle, a footrest, and a castor fork, and

wherein the plurality of interfaces comprises: (i) a top-facing seat interface for releasably coupling to a seat connector of the seat,

(ii) a rear-facing backrest interface for releasably coupling to a backrest connector of the backrest,

(iii) a side-facing rear axle interface for releasably coupling to a rear axle connector of the rear axle,

(iv) a front-facing footrest interface for releaseably coupling to a footrest connector of the footrest, and

(v) a front-facing castor fork interface for releasably coupling to a castor fork connector of the castor fork; and

a plurality of user-controllable release mechanism, each release mechanism being coupled to one interface of the plurality of the interfaces and a corresponding module connector to selectively release the module coupled thereto.

17. A method of assembling a wheelchair, the method comprising:

providing a central hub for the wheelchair, the central hub having a plurality of interfaces; and

releasably coupling at least one connector of one or more wheelchair modules to the central hub through at least one interface of the central hub with at least one user- controllable release mechanism,

wherein the one or more wheelchair modules are individually customized for a user.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein at least one of the plurality of the wheelchair modules is customized for an individual user.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein at least one of the plurality of the wheelchair modules comprises a standardized, off-the-shelf module.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein at least one of the plurality of the wheelchair modules is customized based on one or more of a measured or recommended parameter of the user.

21. The method of claim 20, further comprising measuring the user for the parameter.

22. The method of claim 20, further comprising inquiring the user for the parameter.

23. The method of claim 20, wherein the measured or recommended parameter of the user comprises one or more of a body measurement, a functional ability of the user, a lifestyle preference of the user, an activity level of the user, a measured user center of balance, a continence need of the user, a postural support need of the user, an arm length, a shoulder width, a leg length, a user ability to keep their legs in a fixed position, how the user transfers in and out of the wheelchair, a seat width, a preferred backrest height, a preferred sitting position, a preferred sitting posture, a preferred location of a user center of balance, a preferred amount of stability, a continence need of the user, a pressure relief need of a user, an aesthetic preference of the user, a preferred module lifespan, a user budget, an intended terrain for use, a wheel preference, a tyre preference, or a tight space use of the wheelchair.

24. The method of claim 20, wherein the plurality of the wheelchair modules comprises one or more of a seat, a backrest, a rear axle, a footrest, or a castor fork.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the plurality of interfaces comprises one or more of a seat interface, a backrest interface, a rear axle interface, a footrest interface, or a castor fork interface.

26. The method of claim 24, wherein at least one of the one or more of the seat, the backrest, the rear axle, the footrest, or the castor fork is customized for the user.

27. The method of claim 24, wherein at least one of the one or more of the seat, the backrest, the rear axle, the footrest, or the castor fork is standardized and available off the shelf.

28. The method of claim 17, wherein the one or more wheelchair modules comprises one or more of a motor module, a hand bike module, a ski module, a breaks module, a push handle module, an anti-tipping device module, a leg strap module, a seat belt module, a hoist module, a transfer board module, a sit-to-stand module, an armrest module, a headrest module, a neck support module, a commode module, a shower chair module, a head support module, a bag holder module, a luggage holder module, or an umbrella module.

29. The method of claim 17, wherein releasably coupling the at least one connector of the one or more wheel chair modules to the central hub comprises releasably coupling connectors of a plurality of wheelchair modules to the central hub with a plurality of the user-controllable release mechanisms, each user-controllable release mechanism being the same.

30. The method of claim 17, wherein each user-controllable release mechanism comprises a housing, a user-depressible pin within the housing, a spring within the housing and coupled to the pin to bias the spring, and a button coupled to the pin, and wherein pressing the button squeezes the spring and presses the pin to release the release mechanism.

31. The method of claim 17, wherein the connector is configured to fit within the interface.

32. The method of claim 17, wherein the interface is configured to fit within the connector.

33. The method of claim 17, wherein the user-controllable release mechanism is configured to fit over the interface and the connector that are coupled to one another.

34. A method of assembling a wheelchair, the method comprising:

providing a central hub for the wheelchair, the central hub having a plurality of interfaces;

measuring or inquiring a user for a design parameter;

manufacturing one or more wheelchair modules based on the design parameter;

releasably coupling a connector of the one or more wheelchair modules to the central hub through one or more interface to form a wheelchair.

35. The method of claim 34, wherein the one or more wheelchair modules comprises a plurality of wheelchair modules, and wherein the plurality of wheelchair modules comprises a seat, a backrest, a rear axle, a footrest, and a castor fork.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein the plurality of interfaces comprises:

(i) a top-facing seat interface for releasably coupling to a seat connector of the seat,

(v) a front-facing castor fork interface for releasably coupling to a castor fork connector of the castor fork.

37. A method of assembling a wheelchair, the method comprising:

providing a central hub for the wheel chair having a plurality of interfaces, including a top-facing seat interface, a rear-facing backrest interface, a side-facing rear axle interface, a front-facing footrest interface, and a front-facing castor fork interface;

releasably coupling a connector of each of a plurality of wheel chair modules to a select interface of the central hub with a user-controllable release mechanism,

wherein the plurality of wheel chair modules comprises a seat, a backrest, a rear axle, a foot rest, and a castor fork.

38. The method of claim 37, wherein each user-controllable release mechanism is the same.

39. The method of claim 37, wherein the user-controlable release mechanism is separate from the plurality of interfaces and the connectors of the plurality of wheel chair modules.

40. The method of claim 37 wherein each user-controllable release mechanism comprises a housing, a user-depressible pin within the housing, a spring within the housing and coupled to the pin to bias the spring, and a button coupled to the pin, and wherein pressing the button squeezes the spring and presses the pin to release the release mechanism.

41. The method of claim 37, wherein releasably coupling the connector comprises pressing a button of the user-controllable release mechanism.

42. The method of claim 37, wherein the connector is configured to fit within the interface of the wheel chair module.

43. The method of claim 37, wherein the interface is configured to fit within the connector.

44. The method of claim 37, wherein the user-controllable release mechanism is configured to fit over the interface and the connector that are coupled to one another.