WO2019020446A1 - Procédé pour faire fonctionner l'ensemble d'un réseau de bord électrique, unité de commande et véhicule à moteur - Google Patents

Procédé pour faire fonctionner l'ensemble d'un réseau de bord électrique, unité de commande et véhicule à moteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019020446A1
WO2019020446A1 PCT/EP2018/069466 EP2018069466W WO2019020446A1 WO 2019020446 A1 WO2019020446 A1 WO 2019020446A1 EP 2018069466 W EP2018069466 W EP 2018069466W WO 2019020446 A1 WO2019020446 A1 WO 2019020446A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrical
energy storage
control unit
maintenance
energy store
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/069466
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Vogt
Matthieu Joly
Stefan Appel
Lanig Garo
Thomas Hackner
Norbert Breimhorst
Original Assignee
Audi Ag
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audi Ag filed Critical Audi Ag
Publication of WO2019020446A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019020446A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/1423—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle with multiple batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/16—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
    • H02J1/082—Plural DC voltage, e.g. DC supply voltage with at least two different DC voltage levels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
    • B60L2240/526—Operating parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/46—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ICE-powered road vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating an electrical overall on-board network, a control unit and a motor vehicle.
  • a motor vehicle may comprise a plurality of energy stores, which differ in their production costs and their maintenance costs.
  • the energy storage devices may be provided in different electrical systems of the motor vehicle, which are referred to here as sub-systems of an entire on-board network.
  • the extent of the load depends on the extent of the requested or injected power, which is requested from the respective sub-board network or fed into the respective sub-board network. This can lead to an energy store, which can be replaced only with a high level of maintenance, wears out faster than an energy store, which can be replaced with minimal maintenance.
  • the invention is based on the object, an entire board network of a motor vehicle, which includes a plurality of energy storage, the way to operate, that the maintenance costs regarding the energy storage remains minimal.
  • the invention provides a method for operating an electrical overall on-board network.
  • at least two sub-systems of the entire on-board network which in each case comprise at least one electrical energy store, are connected or coupled to one another by means of a respective voltage converter. If an electrical power is fed into or from the respective sub-board network by at least one electrical component of at least one of the sub-board systems, a respective load level of the energy store is detected by a monitoring unit, which is also referred to as an observer.
  • a respective target performance for each energy storage and it is the voltage converter or the voltage converter of the type controlled by the control unit that the respective electrical power of at least one Kom Component is fed according to the calculated target services in the respective energy storage or related from the respective energy storage.
  • Characteristic of the method is thus that a respective maintenance profile includes a value relating to a maintenance of the respective energy storage.
  • the entire on-board network consists of at least two sub-board networks, to each of which an electrical energy store and an electrical component can be connected. Electrical power can be transmitted between the at least two sub-board networks via a respective voltage converter.
  • the monitoring unit determines the load on each energy storage device. Depending on the determined load levels and respective maintenance profiles of the energy storage, the control unit divides the supplied or requested power on the energy storage and controls for this purpose the voltage converter accordingly.
  • the respective share of the power intended for each energy store is the said target power.
  • the load level is weighted by means of the maintenance profile.
  • the value of the maintenance profile relating to the maintenance effort may be a multiplicative factor with which the degree of loading is multiplied and which is greater the greater the maintenance effort. It is thus calculated a fictitious, dependent on the maintenance effort load.
  • Characteristic is therefore that the division takes into account a respective maintenance effort and a respective load level of a respective energy storage.
  • the control unit can drive at least one voltage converter such that the electric power is fed into energy storage taking account of respective maintenance profiles and respective current load levels according to the respective target power is taken from these.
  • the respective maintenance profiles in this case include the value which describes a maintenance effort of the respective energy store.
  • the target performance is chosen so that preferably energy storage, which have a low maintenance, are charged more, whereas energy storage, which have a high maintenance, are less burdened.
  • the invention provides the advantage that an entire on-board network of the type can be operated, that the total maintenance of the entire on-board network is minimal. As well as the value of the maintenance effort, additional values may be provided as factors in the maintenance profiles, for example.
  • a development of the invention provides that a respective maintenance profile comprises a value relating to a systemic relevance of the respective energy store. In other words, a value is stored in a respective maintenance profile, which describes the relevance of the respective energy store for the functioning of the motor vehicle.
  • the maintenance profile of an energy store of a partial onboard network of the air conditioning system can for example have a value which assigns a low priority or system relevance to the respective energy store, whereas the maintenance profile of an energy store of a drive device has a value in comparison to which the respective energy store has a high priority or system assigns relevance.
  • This can also be taken into account by the control unit in the calculation of the target power, so that, for example, an energy store is assigned less target power than the maintenance effort would allow, in order to minimize the wear of system-relevant energy storage. This results in the advantage that the wear of system-relevant energy storage can be minimized.
  • a respective maintenance profile comprises a value which identifies an energy store as a main energy store or as a maintenance energy store.
  • the maintenance profile can identify an energy store as an energy store, which can be charged to a lesser extent, or as an energy store, which can be loaded preferably and / or in a comparatively higher extent. For example, it is possible for the control unit to load predetermined maintenance energy storage in favor of the main energy storage.
  • energy storage devices with higher tolerances for example the cyclization behavior of the energy store, the working temperature and the charging current, are used as maintenance energy storage devices than in the case of the main energy storage devices.
  • Such a systematic separation into main energy storage and maintenance energy storage is also referred to as master-slave energy storage configuration.
  • the combination of the value to be considered can be done in the manner described by weighting.
  • a development of the invention provides that target performance for the respective energy storage are calculated only when a predetermined load level of the energy storage, which is located in the part of the on-board electrical system of the feeding or related electrical component is exceeded.
  • a distribution of the fed or related electrical power to a plurality of energy stores is not done by default or always. Instead, this is done only in the case that a predetermined load level of the energy storage device provided for the feeding or related electrical component is exceeded.
  • an electrical component to supply electric power to the energy store of the same sub-board network by default and the control unit distributes this electrical power only to other energy stores of at least one other sub-board network and accordingly drives at least one voltage converter when a predetermined load level, eg a state of charge of the energy storage of the same sub-board network, exceeded or fallen short of.
  • a development of the invention provides that at least one further electrical component is controlled by the control unit of the type that the electrical target power to be fed into the energy store or to be obtained from the energy stores is reduced.
  • at least one electrical component is actuated by the control unit in order to reduce an electrical power to be supplied or to be output by energy storage.
  • a speed of a fan can be raised by the control unit, if electrical power is fed into the entire on-board network by an electric machine.
  • a portion of the excess electrical power can be absorbed by the fan, whereby the electrical power to be absorbed by the energy storage is reduced.
  • the maintenance profile comprises a wear characteristic.
  • the maintenance profile includes information describing the extent of wear of the respective energy store as a function of the current load level and / or of at least one environmental parameter. For example, it can be described in the wear characteristic how much an energy storage device wears through a charging cycle, whereby the connection of the wear, e.g. may be related to the current temperature of the storage environment or the energy storage itself. This results in the advantage that the current wear behavior can be determined dynamically.
  • the control unit for the motor vehicle also belongs to the invention.
  • the control unit has a processor device which is set up to carry out an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • the processor device can have at least one microprocessor and / or at least one microcontroller.
  • the processor device may comprise program code that is adapted to when executed by the processor device to carry out the embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • the program code may be stored in a data memory of the processor device.
  • the control unit can be designed as a control unit for a motor vehicle.
  • the invention also includes a motor vehicle, which comprises the control unit.
  • the motor vehicle can be designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger cars or trucks.
  • FIG. 1 shows an overall on-board network of a motor vehicle according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a hierarchy of energy stores, as may be defined in maintenance profiles in the motor vehicle of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a sequence of a method according to the invention.
  • the described components of the embodiments each represent individual features of the invention, which are to be considered independently of one another, which also develop the invention independently of each other and thus also individually or in a different combination than the one shown as part of the invention. Furthermore, the described embodiments can also be supplemented by further features of the invention already described.
  • the entire on-board electrical system 1 may comprise three sub-electrical systems A, B, C with a respective voltage level. These may be, for example, sub-systems A, B, C in a low-voltage, a medium-voltage and a high-voltage voltage position. For example, the high-voltage voltage greater than 60V, the low voltage voltage position is less than 25V, and the mid-voltage voltage is in the range of 25V to 60V.
  • the sub-bus systems A, B, C can be connected to one another by voltage converters DCDC 1, DCDC 2.
  • a sub-board network may include a respective energy store NV, MV, HV and at least one electrical component 3.
  • the energy stores NV, MV, HV can be, for example, lithium-ion batteries or lead-acid batteries.
  • the electrical components 3 may be resistive resistors R, electrical consumers M or generators G, for example. Electrical consumers M may be, for example, an electric motor, air conditioning, ventilation or vehicle lighting.
  • the voltage converters DCDC 1, DCDC 2 can be controlled by a control unit 4.
  • a detection unit 5 can detect a load level 6 of a respective energy store NV, MV, HV and transmit it to the control unit 4.
  • the possible parameters may include, for example, a temperature of a memory, the current, the aging, the cell type, a construction and a state of charge.
  • maintenance profiles 7 of the respective energy storage NV, MV, HV can be stored. It may also be that the respective maintenance profiles 7 are stored in the energy stores NV, MV, HV and can be read out by the control unit 4.
  • a maintenance profile 7 may include a value 8 relating to a maintenance effort of the respective energy store. This value 8 can be dependent, for example, on the costs and / or the expense of exchanging the energy store NV, MV, HV.
  • a maintenance profile 7 can also include a value 9 relating to a system relevance of the respective energy store NV, MV, HV. This can depend on whether the respective energy storage NV, MV, HV for an operation of the motor vehicle 2 is necessary or only for operation of comfort functions such as for operating an air conditioner.
  • the maintenance profile 7 can also comprise a value 10 which identifies the respective energy store NV, MV, HV as the main energy store 11 or as the maintenance energy store 12.
  • a maintenance energy storage 12 can be used for example in energy storage NV, MV, HV, which should preferably be loaded so as to minimize wear of a main energy storage 1 1.
  • Maintenance energy storage 12 may be, for example, energy storage NV, MV, HV, which are cheaper and easier to exchange.
  • the maintenance profile 7 may also include a wear characteristic 13 of the respective energy storage NV, MV, HV.
  • the wear behavior of the energy storage device NV, MV, HV can be defined, for example, as a function of the continuous charging cycles, the current ambient temperature or the current state of charge.
  • the control unit 4 controls at least one electrical component 3 in order to change its power consumption or feed.
  • a generator G which is located in the sub-board network B, feeds power P into the sub-board network B.
  • the energy storage MV of the sub-electrical system B has already reached a predetermined component limit, for example a predetermined load level 6a, eg a maximum state of charge, and this is registered by the detection unit 5.
  • the control unit 4 can then, taking into account the maintenance profiles 7 and the load levels 6 of the energy storage NV, MV, HV, target performance PNV, PMV, PHV calculate which of the respective energy storage NV, MV, HV to be included.
  • Target performance PNV, PMV, PHV can be determined by the way that the maintenance effort has a minimum. Accordingly, the control unit 4 can drive the voltage converters DCDC 1, DCDC 2, so that the respective target powers PNV, PMV, PHV are received by the energy stores NV, MV, HV.
  • FIG. 2 shows a main energy store 1 1 and two maintenance energy stores 12.
  • the energy stores NV, MV, HV can be located in different subbroad networks A, B, C, which are connected via voltage transformers DCDC 1, DCDC 2, for example via DC / DC - Transducers can be connected to each other.
  • the voltage transformers DCDC 1, DCDC 2 can be controlled by the control unit 4.
  • the main energy storage 1 1 may be an energy storage NV, MV, HV, which is to wear to a small extent.
  • the two maintenance energy storages 12 may be energy storages NV, MV, HV, which should preferably be loaded, for example, due to a low maintenance outlay for an exchange.
  • the classification of an energy store NV, MV, HV as a main energy storage 1 1 or as a maintenance energy storage 12 may be set in a value of the maintenance profile 7.
  • the maintenance profile 7 can, for example be stored in the control unit 4 and / or the energy storage NV, MV, HV. It may be that there is an electrical power requirement P in a sub-electrical system A, which can not be optimally covered by the energy store HV of the sub-board network A and the generators G installed in the sub-bus system A. Then can be transmitted via the voltage converter DCDC 1, DCDC 2 from the remaining part of the on-board electrical systems of the entire on-board electrical system 1, PB power, PC in the sub-electrical system A. In this case, the control unit 4 for a maintenance energy storage 12 can determine a target power PC, which is above the target power of the main energy storage PB, whereby the wear of the main energy storage 1 1 is reduced to the maintenance energy storage 12.
  • Fig. 3 shows a possible sequence of a method according to the invention.
  • a first step P1 at least one electrical component 3 can draw electrical power P from a sub-electrical system A. It may be that the detection unit 5 detects a respective load level 6 of the energy store NV, MV, HV and transmits it to the control unit 4 P2. A predetermined load factor 6a of the energy store HV of the sub-unit A can be exceeded.
  • the control unit 4 can determine target powers PNV, PMV, PHV for the respective energy stores NV, MV, HV P3.
  • the maintenance profiles 7 are dynamically used in conjunction with the load levels 6, in accordance with the existing generators / current sources G and consumers / sinks M, in order to distribute the electrical power L to the sub-system, so that no energy store NV, MV, HV is loaded more is considered necessary and marginal loads and types of energy storage are reduced.
  • Possible parameters of the load types are a temperature of the energy store ( ⁇ ), current (l), voltage of the energy store (U), power loss (Q), temperature of the energy storage environment (tU), IRMS value, cyclization (Z), aging (t ), Cell type (type), design (K), state of charge (SOC). It may be that the control unit 4 controls a further electrical component 3 in order to reduce its power requirement P4.
  • the control unit 4 can control the voltage transformers DCDC 1, DCDC 2 such that the respective target powers PNV, PMV, PHV are obtained from the energy stores NV, MV, HV P5.
  • the examples show how can be operated by the invention, an entire on-board network of a motor vehicle of the kind that the maintenance costs remain minimal.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de faire fonctionner l'ensemble d'un réseau de bord (1) électrique, au moins deux réseaux de bord partiels (A, B) de l'ensemble du réseau de bord (1) lesquels comprennent chacun au moins un accumulateur d'énergie (HV, MV) électrique, sont interconnectés au moyen, dans chaque cas, d'un transformateur de tension (DCDC 1) et une puissance électrique (P) est injectée dans chaque réseau de bord partiel (A, B) ou en est prélevée par au moins un composant électrique (3) d'au moins un des réseaux de bord partiels (A, B), et une puissance cible (PHV, PMV) respective des accumulateurs d'énergie (HV, MV) est calculée par une unité de commande (4) en fonction d'un degré de sollicitation (6) respectif et d'un profil de maintenance (7) respectif des accumulateurs d'énergie (HV, MV) et les transformateurs de tension (DCDC 1) sont commandés par l'unité de commande (4) de sorte que la puissance électrique (P) respective du au moins un composant (3) est injectée dans les accumulateurs d'énergie (HV, MV) respectifs ou est prélevée desdits accumulateurs d'énergie (HV, MV) respectifs, conformément aux puissances cibles (PHV, PMV) calculées, chaque profil de maintenance (7) comprenant une valeur (8) concernant l'importance des opérations de maintenance requises pour chaque accumulateur d'énergie (HV, MV).
PCT/EP2018/069466 2017-07-24 2018-07-18 Procédé pour faire fonctionner l'ensemble d'un réseau de bord électrique, unité de commande et véhicule à moteur WO2019020446A1 (fr)

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DE102017212659.0A DE102017212659A1 (de) 2017-07-24 2017-07-24 Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Gesamtbordnetzes, Steuereinheit und Kraftfahrzeug
DE102017212659.0 2017-07-24

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