WO2019019059A1 - 网络拓扑结构的确定方法、装置和系统 - Google Patents

网络拓扑结构的确定方法、装置和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019019059A1
WO2019019059A1 PCT/CN2017/094539 CN2017094539W WO2019019059A1 WO 2019019059 A1 WO2019019059 A1 WO 2019019059A1 CN 2017094539 W CN2017094539 W CN 2017094539W WO 2019019059 A1 WO2019019059 A1 WO 2019019059A1
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Prior art keywords
length
cable
sinr
determining
trunk cable
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PCT/CN2017/094539
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张小龙
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2017/094539 priority Critical patent/WO2019019059A1/zh
Priority to CN201780090157.XA priority patent/CN110574336B/zh
Priority to EP17918815.6A priority patent/EP3648399B1/en
Publication of WO2019019059A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019019059A1/zh
Priority to US16/748,516 priority patent/US20200162605A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/12—Discovery or management of network topologies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/22—Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing
    • H04M3/26—Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing with means for applying test signals or for measuring
    • H04M3/28—Automatic routine testing ; Fault testing; Installation testing; Test methods, test equipment or test arrangements therefor
    • H04M3/30—Automatic routine testing ; Fault testing; Installation testing; Test methods, test equipment or test arrangements therefor for subscriber's lines, for the local loop
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/4471—Terminating devices ; Cable clamps
    • G02B6/4472—Manifolds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/02—Details
    • H04B3/46—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B3/48—Testing attenuation

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of information processing technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, and a system for determining a network topology.
  • FDX Full Duplex
  • the cable network will enter the FDX mode, but due to the same-frequency transmission of the uplink and downlink signals in the FDX system network, the system is complicated, and external interference (noise, nonlinear, etc.) is applied to the system.
  • the performance impact is large, so that the problem location is relatively complicated when the network is faulty.
  • the topology of the FDX system network is usually required for network monitoring and problem location.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method, an apparatus, and a system for determining a network topology for determining a topology of a network simply and quickly.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a method for determining a network topology, including:
  • the topology of the network is determined according to the length of the trunk cable, the length of the branch cable, and the connection relationship between each of the CMs and the trunk cable.
  • the network device can obtain the frequency domain characteristic of the CMTS echo channel through the echo cancellation (EC) module of the CMTS, and then the CMTS can be returned by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).
  • the frequency domain characteristic of the wave channel is converted to a first time domain characteristic of the CMTS echo channel, wherein the first time domain characteristic can be, for example, an impulse response or a TDR.
  • the network device can also directly acquire the first time domain characteristic of the CMTS echo channel.
  • the network device can obtain the frequency domain characteristic of the CM echo channel through the EC module of the CM, and then convert the frequency domain characteristic of the CM echo channel into the first time domain characteristic of the CM echo channel by using FFT transform, wherein The first time domain characteristic may be, for example, an impulse response or a TDR.
  • the network device can also directly acquire the first time domain characteristic of the CM echo channel.
  • the network device determines the length of the trunk cable according to the first time domain characteristic of the echo channel of the CMTS, and determines the branch connected to the trunk cable according to the second time domain characteristic of the echo channel of each CM respectively.
  • the length of the cable and then determine the connection relationship between each CM and the trunk cable according to the SINR between any two CMs.
  • the length of the branch cable, and the connection relationship between each CM and the trunk cable Determine the topology of the network, making the determination of the network topology simple and efficient.
  • the network includes a branch distributor, the length of the trunk cable including the length of the trunk cable between the port of the CMTS and the port of the branch distributor;
  • the network includes at least two branch distributors, the length of the trunk cable including the length of the trunk cable between the port of the CMTS and the port of the first branch distributor, and between the ports of the other second branch distributors .
  • the network device may determine the number of branch distributors according to the number of peaks in the first time domain characteristic.
  • the trunk cable is a cable used to connect the CMTS and each branch distributor. If the network includes only one branch distributor, it indicates that the branch distributor is connected to the CMTS through the trunk cable. At this time, the determined length of the trunk cable is The length of the trunk cable between the port of the CMTS and the port of the branch splitter. If at least two branch distributors are included in the network, the determined length of the trunk cable will include the length of the trunk cable between the port of the CMTS and the port of the first branch distributor, and the ports of the other second branch distributors. The length of the trunk cable between.
  • the length of the branch cable includes a cable length between each of the CMs and the trunk cable.
  • the network device may determine the length of the branch cable according to the time difference between the two peaks in the second time domain characteristic.
  • the length of the branch cable includes the cable length between each CM and the trunk cable.
  • the determining, according to a signal to interference and noise ratio SINR between any two of the CMs, determining a connection relationship between each of the CMs and the trunk cable including:
  • the determining, according to the number of the feature information included in each of the SINR feature information groups, the connection relationship between each of the CMs and the trunk cable including:
  • the same CM corresponding to the feature information is determined as the trunk line in the SINR feature information group including the largest number of feature information.
  • the first-stage CM of the cable connection that is, the CM is connected to the first-stage branch distributor, and the SINR feature information group containing the feature information several times is included, and the same CM corresponding to the feature information is determined to be connected to the trunk cable.
  • Level 2 CM that is, the CM is connected to the second-stage branch distributor, ..., and so on, can determine the connection relationship between each CM and the trunk cable, that is, determine the correspondence between each CM and the branch distributor.
  • determining the length of the trunk cable according to the first time domain characteristic of the echo channel of the coaxial cable central office access device CMTS including:
  • determining, according to the second time domain characteristic of the echo channel of each cable modem CM, the length of the branch cable connected to the trunk cable including:
  • Determining the length of the branch cable is based on a time difference between two peaks in the second time domain characteristic.
  • the length of the trunk cable and the length of the branch cable can be determined according to the time difference between the two peaks in the time domain characteristic, so that the cable length is determined in a simple manner.
  • the method further includes:
  • prompt information is sent, where the prompt information is used to indicate the CMTS and/or the The degree of echo of the CM corresponding to the second time domain characteristic and/or the position of the echo reflection point.
  • the severity of the echo can be obtained by analyzing the magnitude of the intensity value of the first time domain characteristic and/or the intensity value of the second time domain characteristic. If the threshold value or the threshold line can be set, when the intensity value of the first time domain characteristic and/or the intensity value of the second time domain characteristic exceeds the second preset value, it indicates that the echo is very serious, and at the same time, through the delay analysis, The location of the severe echo point can be known. At this time, the user will be prompted to perform network quality monitoring and alarming, so that the network can be monitored and located, which plays a vital role in network operation and maintenance and fault location.
  • the second aspect of the present application provides a device for determining a network topology, including:
  • a first determining module configured to determine a length of the trunk cable according to a first time domain characteristic of an echo channel of the cable modem termination system CMTS;
  • a second determining module configured to determine a length of the branch cable connected to the trunk cable according to a second time domain characteristic of an echo channel of each cable modem CM;
  • a third determining module configured to determine, according to a signal to interference and noise ratio SINR between any two of the CMs, a connection relationship between each of the CMs and the trunk cable;
  • a fourth determining module configured to determine a topology of the network according to a length of the trunk cable, a length of the branch cable, and a connection relationship between each of the CM and the trunk cable.
  • the network includes a branch distributor, the length of the trunk cable including the length of the trunk cable between the port of the CMTS and the port of the branch distributor;
  • the network includes at least two branch distributors, the length of the trunk cable including the length of the trunk cable between the port of the CMTS and the port of the first branch distributor, and between the ports of the other second branch distributors .
  • the length of the branch cable includes a cable length between each of the CMs and the trunk cable.
  • the third determining module includes:
  • a calculation submodule configured to calculate an SINR between any two of the CMs, to obtain at least one SINR
  • a grouping sub-module configured to divide the CM corresponding to the SINR whose SINR is smaller than the first preset value into a group, to obtain at least one CM group;
  • the grouping sub-module is further configured to select one CM from each of the CM groups, and perform clustering grouping of the selected SINR feature information of each CM to obtain at least one SINR feature information group;
  • a determining submodule configured to determine, according to the number of the feature information included in each of the SINR feature information groups, a connection relationship between each of the CMs and the trunk cable.
  • the determining submodule is specifically configured to:
  • the first determining module is specifically configured to:
  • the second determining module is specifically configured to:
  • Determining the length of the branch cable is based on a time difference between two peaks in the second time domain characteristic.
  • the device further includes:
  • a determining module configured to determine whether an intensity value of the first time domain characteristic and/or an intensity value of the second time domain characteristic exceeds a second preset value
  • a sending module configured to send prompt information when the determining module determines that the strength value of the first time domain characteristic and/or the intensity value of the second time domain characteristic exceeds a second preset value, the prompting
  • the information is used to indicate the echo level of the CM and/or the position of the echo reflection point of the CMTS and/or the second time domain characteristic.
  • a third aspect of the present application provides a system for determining a network topology, comprising the apparatus of the second aspect.
  • a fourth aspect of the present application provides a device for determining a network topology, including a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is for storing instructions for executing the memory stored instructions, the apparatus for performing the method of the first aspect when the processor executes the memory stored instructions.
  • a fifth aspect of the present application provides a device for determining a network topology, comprising at least one processing element (or chip) for performing the method of the above first aspect.
  • a sixth aspect of the present application provides a program for performing the method of the above first aspect when executed by a processor.
  • a seventh aspect of the present application provides a program product, such as a computer readable storage medium, comprising the program of the sixth aspect.
  • An eighth aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium having stored therein instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the first aspect described above.
  • the method, device and system for determining a network topology determine the length of the trunk cable according to the first time domain characteristic of the echo channel of the CMTS, and according to the second time domain characteristic of the echo channel of each CM respectively Determine the length of the branch cable connected to the trunk cable, and then determine the connection relationship between each CM and the trunk cable according to the SINR between any two CMs. Finally, according to the length of the trunk cable, the length of the branch cable, and the CM and The connection relationship between the trunk cables determines the topology of the network, making the determination of the network topology relatively simple.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a method for determining a network topology structure according to the present application;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the connection of the branch distributor
  • Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of the second time domain characteristic
  • Figure 4b is another schematic diagram of the second time domain characteristic
  • Figure 4c is another schematic diagram of the second time domain characteristic
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart for determining a connection relationship between each CM and a trunk cable
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of SINR between CMs
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of clustering the feature information of the SINR
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a topology of a network
  • Embodiment 9 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a device for determining a network topology according to the present application.
  • Embodiment 10 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a device for determining a network topology according to the present application;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of a device for determining a network topology according to the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application is applicable to a scenario for determining a network topology, and is specifically applicable to a scenario for determining a topology structure of an intra-frequency duplex network.
  • the packet result and performance of the network are closely related to the topology of the network.
  • the system is complicated and external interference (noise) , nonlinear, etc.) have a great impact on system performance, making the problem location complex when the network is faulty. Therefore, how to determine the detailed topology of the network is a technical problem that needs to be solved.
  • the network usually includes some or all of the following devices: network management system, cable modem terminal system (CMTS), trunk cable, splitter and tap, branch cable (drop cable) and cable modem (CM), etc., therefore, determine the topology of the network, that is, determine which devices are included in the network, and the connection relationship between the devices.
  • CMTS cable modem terminal system
  • CM cable modem terminal system
  • trunk cable splitter and tap
  • branch cable drop cable
  • CM cable modem
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a method for determining a network topology structure according to the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining a network topology, which may be performed by any device that performs a method for determining a network topology, and the device may be implemented by software and/or hardware.
  • the device can be integrated in a network device.
  • the method in this embodiment may include:
  • Step 101 Determine a length of a trunk cable according to a first time domain characteristic of an echo channel of the CMTS.
  • the first time domain characteristic of the echo channel of the CMTS may be, for example, an impulse response (IR) or a time-domain reflectometry (TDR) of the echo channel, and the network device passes the pair.
  • IR impulse response
  • TDR time-domain reflectometry
  • the impulse response or TDR analysis can determine the length of the trunk cable and the number of branch distributors included in the network.
  • the network device can obtain the frequency domain characteristic of the CMTS echo channel through the echo cancellation (EC) module of the CMTS, and then pass the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).
  • the frequency domain characteristic of the CMTS echo channel can be converted into the first time domain characteristic of the CMTS echo channel, wherein the first time domain characteristic can be, for example, an impulse response or a TDR.
  • the network device can also directly acquire the first time domain characteristic of the CMTS echo channel.
  • the network device may determine the number of the branch distributor according to the number of peaks in the first time domain characteristic, and may also be based on the first time domain. The time difference between the two peaks in the characteristic determines the length of the trunk cable.
  • the length of the trunk cable includes the length of the trunk cable between the port of the CMTS and the port of the branch distributor, or, if the network includes at least two branch distributors, the trunk cable The length includes the length of the trunk cable between the port of the CMTS and the port of the first branch distributor, and between the ports of the other second branch distributors.
  • the trunk cable is a cable for connecting the CMTS and each branch distributor.
  • the branch distributor is connected to the CMTS through the trunk cable. At this time, the determined trunk cable is determined. The length is the length of the trunk cable between the port of the CMTS and the port of the branch splitter. If at least two branch distributors are included in the network, the determined length of the trunk cable will include the length of the trunk cable between the port of the CMTS and the port of the first branch distributor, and the ports of the other second branch distributors. The length of the trunk cable between.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first time domain characteristic.
  • the abscissa is the time of echo reflection
  • the ordinate is the severity of the echo. Since the impulse response in Figure 2 has a total of 7 peaks, it means that there are 7 echo points in the network, and the 7 echo points correspond to the ports of the CMTS and the ports of the branch distributors respectively. Therefore, it can be determined.
  • the number of branch distributors (Tap) is 6.
  • the length of the cable between the ports corresponding to the two peaks can be determined.
  • the time difference between the first peak and the second peak in Figure 2 is 175us
  • the length of the trunk cable between the port corresponding to the first peak and the port corresponding to the second peak is 175*v 1 /2
  • the length of the trunk cable between the port corresponding to the first peak and the port corresponding to the second peak is the port of the CMTS and the port of the first branch distributor.
  • the time difference between the second peak and the third peak in Figure 2 is 174us, it can be determined that the port corresponding to the second peak corresponds to the port corresponding to the third peak.
  • the length of the trunk cable is 174*v 1 /2,..., and the length of the trunk cable between the ports of the other second branch distributors can be calculated as described above.
  • 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the branch distributor. As shown in FIG. 3, according to the above manner, it can be determined that the number of 6 branch distributors (Tap) in the network is 6, and between the CMTS and the branch distributor TAP-1. The length of the trunk cable and the length of the trunk cable between the other branch distributors TAP-2 to TAP-6.
  • the executor of step 101 may also be a CMTS, that is, the CMTS determines the length of the trunk cable according to the first time domain characteristic of its own echo channel, and determines the trunk cable length with the network device. The way is similar and will not be described here.
  • Step 102 Determine the length of the branch cable connected to the trunk cable according to the second time domain characteristic of the echo channel of each CM.
  • the second time domain characteristic of the echo channel of the CM may be, for example, an impulse response or a TDR of the echo channel, and the network device may determine the trunk line by analyzing the impulse response or TDR of the CM echo channel.
  • the network device can obtain the frequency domain characteristic of the CM echo channel through the echo cancellation (EC) module of the CM, and then the frequency domain of the CM echo channel can be obtained by FFT transformation.
  • the characteristic is converted to a second time domain characteristic of the CM echo channel, wherein the second time domain characteristic can be, for example, an impulse response or a TDR.
  • the network device can also directly acquire the second time domain characteristic of the CM echo channel.
  • the network device may determine the length of the branch cable according to the time difference between the two peaks in the second time domain characteristic.
  • the length of the branch cable includes the cable length between each CM and the trunk cable.
  • FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram of the second time domain characteristic
  • FIG. 4b is another schematic diagram of the second time domain characteristic
  • FIG. 4c is another schematic diagram of the second time domain characteristic
  • the ordinate is the severity of the echo.
  • the cable length between the CM1 and the trunk cable corresponding to the first time domain characteristic is 100*v 2 /2, which is technical in the art.
  • the cable length between the CM1 and the branch cable is the length of the cable between the port of the CM1 and the port of the corresponding branch distributor; according to the first peak and the second peak in Figure 4b.
  • the time difference of 100 us it can be determined that the cable length between the CM3 and the trunk cable corresponding to the first time domain characteristic is 100*v 2 /2, and those skilled in the art can understand the cable length between the CM3 and the branch cable. That is, the length of the cable between the port of the CM3 and the port of the corresponding branch distributor; according to the time difference 100us between the first peak and the second peak in FIG. 4c, the first time domain characteristic can be determined.
  • the cable length between the CM5 and the trunk cable is 100*v 2 /2. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the cable length between the CM5 and the branch cable is between the port of the CM5 and the port of the corresponding branch distributor. Length of cable , ..., as described above, you can calculate the length of the cable between the other port of each of the CM and the corresponding ports of the splitter.
  • the executor of step 102 may also be a CM, that is, the CM determines the length of the branch cable according to the second time domain characteristic of its own echo channel, and determines the branch cable length with the network device. The way is similar and will not be described here.
  • Step 103 Determine a connection relationship between each CM and a trunk cable according to a signal interference noise ratio (SINR) between any two of the CMs.
  • SINR signal interference noise ratio
  • the connection relationship between each CM and the trunk cable is determined, that is, the correspondence between each CM and the branch distributor is determined, that is, which branch distributor is connected to each CM.
  • the same-frequency duplex network has the following characteristics: all CMs are grouped, and CMs with severe mutual interference are divided into one group.
  • the CM in the group is a frequency division mode, which can prevent interference, and the group and the group are independent, and can be the same
  • the frequency duplex mode can improve the spectrum efficiency. Therefore, the network device needs to measure the mutual interference severity between the CMs in the network, that is, measure the SINR or the receive modulation error ratio between any two CMs. RxMER), based on the above characteristics, determines the connection relationship between each CM and the trunk cable.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of determining a connection relationship between each CM and a trunk cable. As shown in FIG. 5, based on the characteristics of the same-frequency duplex network, in one possible implementation manner, each CM and trunk cable is determined.
  • the connection relationship between the two can include:
  • Step 1031 Calculate an SINR between any two of the CMs to obtain at least one SINR.
  • the network device first needs to calculate the SINR between the CMs, such as calculating the SINR between CM1 and CM2, calculating the SINR between CM1 and CM3, calculating the SINR between CM2 and CM3, etc., thereby obtaining at least One SINR.
  • the SINR is taken as an example. If the calculated interference value between the CMs is RxMER, the connection relationship between each CM and the trunk cable is determined according to RxMER, and each CM and trunk is determined according to the SINR. The manner of the connection relationship between the cables is similar, and details are not described in this embodiment.
  • Step 1032 The CM corresponding to the SINR whose SINR is smaller than the first preset value is divided into a group, and at least one CM group is obtained.
  • the CM corresponding to the SINR whose SINR is smaller than the first preset value may be divided into a group, because interference between the CMs connected to the same branch distributor It is very serious, that is, the SINR is small. Therefore, after dividing the CM in the above manner, it can be ensured that the CMs in the same group all correspond to the same branch distributor. Additionally, it will be appreciated that the number of groups after grouping will be equal to the number of branch distributors.
  • the first preset value may be selected according to experience, for example, may be 20 dB. For the specific value of the first preset value, the embodiment is not limited herein.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of SINR between CMs. As shown in FIG. 6, interference between CMs connected to different branch distributors TAP is small, and therefore, the value of SINR is large, and the CM connected to the same branch distributor TAP is shown. The interference between the two is relatively large. Therefore, the value of the SINR is small, so that the CM corresponding to the SINR whose SINR is smaller than the first preset value can be divided into a group.
  • the SINR between CM11 and CM12 is 16dB
  • the SINR between CM11 and CM12 is 25dB
  • the SINR between CM11 and CM41 is 28dB
  • the SINR between CM11 and CM42 is 35dB
  • the SINR between CM12 and CM31 is 25dB
  • the SINR between CM12 and CM41 is 30dB
  • the SINR between CM12 and CM42 is 35dB
  • the SINR between CM31 and CM41 is 25dB
  • the SINR between CM31 and CM42 is 35dB
  • the SINR between CM41 and CM42 is 15dB.
  • CM11 and CM12 can be divided into one group, and CM41 and CM42 can be divided into one group. , divide the remaining CM31 into a group.
  • CM11 and CM12 are connected in the same branch distributor.
  • Upper, CM41 and CM42 are connected to the same branch distributor, and CM31 is connected to a branch distributor.
  • Step 1033 Select one CM from each CM group, and perform clustering grouping of the selected SINR feature information between the CMs to obtain at least one SINR feature information group.
  • each CM group can be obtained. Selecting a CM for processing, after determining the connection relationship between the CM and the trunk cable, the connection relationship between other CMs and trunk cables in the same CM group can be determined.
  • the network device may select one CM from each CM group by a random selection method, or select one CM from each CM group by other rules, as long as the SINR measurement is performed between the selected CMs.
  • the characteristic information of the SINR between the i-th CM and each CM after the i-th stage is also similar. Therefore, after selecting one CM from each CM group, the selected SIR feature information between the CMs can be clustered and grouped, and the CMs with similar SINR feature information are grouped into one group. Among them, the clustering grouping is grouped based on the similarity, and the CMs in the same group after grouping have more similarities between the CMs in the same group.
  • the selected SINR curves themselves may be clustered and grouped, thereby obtaining at least one SINR feature information group, and the selected SINR curves between the CMs may also be selected.
  • the extracted feature parameters are clustered, and the feature parameters may be, for example, an average value or a mean square error, wherein the number of SINR feature information groups is one less than the number of branch distributors.
  • the CM selected from each CM group includes CM1, CM2, CM3, CM4, CM5, and CM6, if the SINR between CM1 and CM2 is SINR12, and the SINR between CM1 and CM3 is SINR13...
  • five SINR feature information groups are obtained, namely, SINR12, SINR13, SINR14, SINR15, SINR16, SINR21, SINR31, SINR41, SINR51, and SINR61 are the first group.
  • SINR23, SINR24, SINR25, SINR26, SINR32, SINR42, SINR52, and SINR62 are Group 2
  • SINR45, SINR46, SINR54, and SINR64 are Group 4
  • SINR56 and SINR65 For the fifth group.
  • the specific clustering process may be to calculate the distance between the SINR curves of each feature information, and classify the feature information with a close distance into one SNIR feature information group.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of clustering the feature information of the SINR. As shown in FIG. 7, the average or mean square difference of the SINR may be five groups.
  • Step 1034 Determine a connection relationship between each CM and a trunk cable according to the number of feature information included in each SINR feature information group.
  • the feature information of the SINR between the CMs is clustered, and after the at least one SINR feature information group is obtained, the CM and the trunk cable are determined according to the number of the feature information included in each SINR feature information group.
  • Connection relationship Specifically, if the network device clusters the SINR curve itself, the connection between each CM and the trunk cable is determined according to the number of SINR curves included in the SINR feature information group. Relationship: If the network device clusters the characteristic parameters of the SINR, the connection relationship between each CM and the trunk cable is determined according to the number of characteristic parameters included in the SINR feature information group.
  • the same CM corresponding to the feature information in the i-th SINR feature information group is determined as an i-th CM connected to the trunk cable, where the number of feature information in the i-th SINR feature information group is smaller than The number of feature information in the i-1 SINR feature information group, where i is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the same CM corresponding to the feature information is determined to be connected to the trunk cable in the SINR feature information group including the largest number of feature information.
  • the first level CM that is, the CM is connected to the first level branch distributor, and the SINR feature information group including the feature information is included in the number of times, and the same CM corresponding to the feature information is determined as the second level connected to the trunk cable.
  • the CM that is, the CM is connected to the second-stage branch distributor, ..., and so on, can determine the connection relationship between each CM and the trunk cable, that is, determine the correspondence between each CM and the branch distributor.
  • the number of SINR curves in the first group is the largest, and the same CM1 corresponding to the SINR curve in the first group is determined as the first level CM connected to the trunk cable, and the second group If the SINR curve is more than a few times, the same CM2 corresponding to the SINR curve in the second group is determined as the second-level CM connected to the trunk cable, and so on, and the CM and the trunk cable can be determined. Connection relationship.
  • the number of the feature parameters in the SINR feature information group may also be counted, and if the number of the feature parameters in the first group is the largest,
  • the same CM1 corresponding to the characteristic parameter in the first group is determined as the first-stage CM connected to the trunk cable, that is, the CM1 is connected to the branch distributor TAP1, and the characteristic parameters in the second group are many times, and the characteristic parameters in the second group are
  • the corresponding identical CM2 is determined to be the second-stage CM connected to the trunk cable, that is, the CM2 is connected to the branch distributor TAP2, and so on, and the connection relationship between each CM and the trunk cable can be determined.
  • Step 104 Determine the topology of the network according to the length of the trunk cable, the length of the branch cable, and the connection relationship between each CM and the trunk cable.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a topology of the network. As shown in FIG. 8, after determining the length of the trunk cable, the length of the branch cable, and the connection relationship between each CM and the trunk cable, it can be determined.
  • the topology of the network For example, according to the number of peaks in the first time domain characteristic, it is determined that the network includes 6 branch distributors, and according to the time difference between the peaks in the first time domain characteristic, the CMTS and the first branch distributor TAP-1 are determined.
  • the length of the trunk cable is 175', the length of the trunk cable between TAP-1 and TAP-2 is 174', and the length of the trunk cable between TAP-2 and TAP-3 is 171', TAP-3 and The length of the trunk cable between TAP-4 is 173', the length of the trunk cable between TAP-4 and TAP-5 is 174', and the length of the trunk cable between TAP-5 and TAP-6 is 174'; And determining, according to the time difference between the peaks in the second time domain characteristic, that the length of the branch cable between the CM1 and the corresponding branch distributor is 100', and the length of the branch cable between the CM2 and the corresponding branch distributor is 100.
  • CM1 is the first-stage CM connected to the trunk cable, that is, the branch distributor corresponding to CM1 is TAP-1, and the branch distributor corresponding to CM2 is TAP- 2, the branch distributor corresponding to CM3 is TAP-3, the branch distributor corresponding to CM4 is TAP-4, and the branch distributor corresponding to CM5 is The branch distributor corresponding to TAP-5 and CM6 is TAP-6, and thus, the network topology as shown in FIG. 8 can be determined.
  • steps 101 and 103 there is no necessary sequence of execution between steps 101 and 103.
  • steps 101 to 103 can be performed in the same time period.
  • the method for determining the network topology determines the length of the trunk cable according to the first time domain characteristic of the echo channel of the CMTS, and determines according to the second time domain characteristic of the echo channel of each CM, respectively.
  • the length of the branch cable connected to the trunk cable and then determine the connection relationship between each CM and the trunk cable according to the SINR between any two CMs.
  • the connection relationship between the networks determines the topology of the network, making the determination of the network topology relatively simple.
  • the network device may further determine whether the strength value of the first time domain characteristic and/or the strength value of the second time domain characteristic exceed a second preset value, if the first time domain If the intensity value of the characteristic and/or the intensity value of the second time domain characteristic exceeds the second preset value, a prompt message is sent, where the prompt information is used to indicate the echo degree of the CM corresponding to the CMTS and/or the second time domain characteristic. / or the position of the echo reflection point.
  • the severity of the echo can be obtained by analyzing the magnitude of the intensity value of the first time domain characteristic and/or the intensity value of the second time domain characteristic. If the threshold value or the threshold line can be set, when the intensity value of the first time domain characteristic and/or the intensity value of the second time domain characteristic exceeds the second preset value, it indicates that the echo is very serious, and at the same time, through the delay analysis, The location of the severe echo point can be known. At this time, the user will be prompted to perform network quality monitoring and alarming, so that the network can be monitored and located, which plays a vital role in network operation and maintenance and fault location.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a device for determining a network topology according to the present application.
  • the device may be located in a network device.
  • the device includes: a first determining module 901, a second determining module 902, and a third determining module 903. And a fourth determining module 904, wherein:
  • the first determining module 901 is configured to determine a length of the trunk cable according to a first time domain characteristic of an echo channel of the cable modem termination system CMTS;
  • the second determining module 902 is configured to determine a length of the branch cable connected to the trunk cable according to a second time domain characteristic of an echo channel of each cable modem CM;
  • the third determining module 903 is configured to determine, according to a signal to interference and noise ratio SINR between any two of the CMs, a connection relationship between each of the CMs and the trunk cable;
  • the fourth determining module 904 is configured to determine a topology of the network according to a length of the trunk cable, a length of the branch cable, and a connection relationship between each of the CMs and the trunk cable.
  • the network includes a branch distributor, and the length of the trunk cable includes a length of a trunk cable between a port of the CMTS and a port of the branch distributor;
  • the network includes at least two branch distributors, the length of the trunk cable including a trunk cable between a port of the CMTS and a port of the first branch distributor, and between ports of each of the other second branch distributors length.
  • the length of the branch cable includes a cable length between each of the CMs and the trunk cable.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a device for determining a network topology according to the present application.
  • the device may be located in a network device.
  • the third determining module 903 includes:
  • the calculating submodule 9031 is configured to calculate an SINR between any two of the CMs to obtain at least one SINR;
  • the grouping sub-module 9032 is configured to divide the CMs corresponding to the SINRs whose SINR is smaller than the first preset value into a group, and obtain at least one CM group;
  • the grouping sub-module 9032 is further configured to select one CM from each of the CM groups, and perform clustering grouping of the selected feature information of the SINRs between the CMs to obtain at least one SINR feature information group;
  • the determining submodule 9033 is configured to determine a connection relationship between each of the CMs and the trunk cable according to the number of feature information included in each of the SINR feature information groups.
  • the determining submodule 9033 is specifically configured to:
  • the first determining module 901 is specifically configured to:
  • the second determining module 902 is specifically configured to:
  • Determining the length of the branch cable is based on a time difference between two peaks in the second time domain characteristic.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of a device for determining a network topology according to the present application.
  • the device may be located in a network device.
  • the device further includes:
  • the determining module 905 is configured to determine whether the intensity value of the first time domain characteristic and/or the intensity value of the second time domain characteristic exceeds a second preset value
  • the sending module 906 is configured to send prompt information when the determining module 905 determines that the strength value of the first time domain characteristic and/or the intensity value of the second time domain characteristic exceeds a second preset value,
  • the prompt information is used to indicate the echo degree of the CM corresponding to the CMTS and/or the second time domain characteristic and/or the position of the echo reflection point.
  • the foregoing apparatus may be used to perform the method provided by the foregoing corresponding method embodiment, and the specific implementation manner and the technical effect are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • each module of the determining device of the above network topology is only a division of logical functions, and may be integrated into one physical entity or physically separated in whole or in part.
  • these modules can all be implemented by software in the form of processing component calls; they can also be implemented in hardware form; some units can be realized by software in the form of processing component calls, and some units are realized by hardware.
  • the sending module may be a separately set processing component, or may be integrated in a certain chip of the network device, or may be stored in a memory of the network device in the form of a program, and is called by a processing component of the network device. And perform the function of the sending module.
  • the implementation of other modules is similar.
  • all or part of these modules can be integrated or implemented independently.
  • the processing module described herein can be an integrated circuit with signal processing capabilities.
  • each step of the above method or each of the above modules may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor element or an instruction in a form of software.
  • the above sending module is a module for controlling transmission, and the information sent by the base station can be received by a transmitting device of the network device, such as an antenna and a radio frequency device.
  • the above modules may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method, for example: one Or Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) )Wait.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Arrays
  • the processing module may be a general purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or other processor that can invoke the program.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • these units can be integrated and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).
  • the present application further provides a system for determining a network topology, including the apparatus for determining a network topology according to any of the above embodiments.
  • the present application further provides a storage medium comprising: a readable storage medium and a computer program for implementing a method for determining a network topology provided by any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the application also provides a program product comprising a computer program (ie, an execution instruction) stored in a readable storage medium.
  • a computer program ie, an execution instruction
  • At least one processor of the transmitting device can read the computer program from a readable storage medium, and the at least one processor executes the computer program such that the transmitting device implements the determining method of the network topology provided by the various embodiments described above.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a determining apparatus of a network topology, including at least one storage element and at least one processing element, where the at least one storage element is used to store a program, when the program is executed, the network topology is caused
  • the determining means performs the operation of the network device in any of the above embodiments.
  • the device can be a network device chip.
  • All or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiments may be performed by hardware associated with the program instructions.
  • the aforementioned program can be stored in a readable memory.
  • the program when executed, performs the steps including the foregoing method embodiments; and the foregoing memory (storage medium) includes: read-only memory (ROM), RAM, flash memory, hard disk, solid state hard disk, tape (magnetic tape), floppy disk, optical disc, and any combination thereof.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种网络拓扑结构的确定方法、装置和系统，该方法包括：根据电缆调制解调器终端系统CMTS的回波信道的第一时域特性，确定干线电缆的长度；分别根据各电缆调制解调器CM的回波信道的第二时域特性，确定与所述干线电缆相连的分支电缆的长度；根据所述CM任意两者之间的信号干扰噪声比SINR，确定各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系；根据所述干线电缆的长度、所述分支电缆的长度和各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系，确定网络的拓扑结构。本申请实施例可以简单快速的确定网络的拓扑结构。

Description

网络拓扑结构的确定方法、装置和系统 技术领域
本申请涉及信息处理技术领域，尤其涉及一种网络拓扑结构的确定方法、装置和系统。
背景技术
同频双工(Full Duplex；FDX)是在同一个物理信道上实现两个方向信号的传输，即通过在通信双工节点的接收机处消除自身发射的信号的干扰，在发射信号的同时，接收来自另一节点的同频信号。与传统的时分双工(Time Division Duplex；TDD)和频分双工(Frequency Division Duplex；FDD)相比，FDX可以将频谱效率提高一倍。
目前，为了提高系统的上行带宽，电缆(cable)网络将进入FDX的模式，但是由于FDX系统网络中上下行信号同频传输，使得系统较复杂，且外界干扰(噪声，非线性等)对系统性能影响较大，使得网络出现故障时问题定位相对复杂，为了解决这些问题，通常需要FDX系统网络的拓扑结构，以便进行网络监控和问题定位。
因此，如何获取FDX网络中各网元之间的连接关系，并得到FDX网络的拓扑结构，是目前亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种网络拓扑结构的确定方法、装置和系统，以用于简单快速的确定网络的拓扑结构。
本申请第一方面提供一种网络拓扑结构的确定方法，包括：
根据电缆调制解调器终端系统CMTS的回波信道的第一时域特性，确定干线电缆的长度；
分别根据各电缆调制解调器CM的回波信道的第二时域特性，确定与所述干线电缆相连的分支电缆的长度；
根据所述CM任意两者之间的信号干扰噪声比SINR，确定各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系；
根据所述干线电缆的长度、所述分支电缆的长度和各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系，确定网络的拓扑结构。
上述方案中，网络设备通过CMTS的回波抵消(echo cancellation；EC)模块，可以获得CMTS回波信道的频域特性，再通过快速傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier Transform；FFT)，可以将CMTS回波信道的频域特性转换为CMTS回波信道的第一时域特性，其中，第一时域特性例如可以为脉冲响应或TDR。当然，网络设备也可以直接获取CMTS回波信道的第一时域特性。
另外，网络设备通过CM的EC模块，可以获得CM回波信道的频域特性，再通过FFT变换，可以将CM回波信道的频域特性转换为CM回波信道的第一时域特性，其中，第一时域特性例如可以为脉冲响应或TDR。当然，网络设备也可以直接获取CM回波信道的第一时域特性。
在本方案中，网络设备由于根据CMTS的回波信道的第一时域特性，确定干线电缆的长度，并分别根据各CM的回波信道的第二时域特性，确定与干线电缆相连的分支电缆的长度，然后根据任意两个CM之间的SINR，确定各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系，最后根据干线电缆的长度、分支电缆的长度和各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系，确定出网络的拓扑结构，使得网络拓扑结构的确定比较简单高效。
可选地，网络中包括一个分支分配器，所述干线电缆的长度包括所述CMTS的端口和所述分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度；
或者，
网络中包括至少两个分支分配器，所述干线电缆的长度包括所述CMTS的端口和第一分支分配器的端口之间、以及其他各第二分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度。
在上述方案中，网络设备可以根据第一时域特性中峰值的个数，确定分支分配器的数量。干线电缆是用于连接CMTS以及各分支分配器的电缆，若网络中仅包括一个分支分配器时，说明该分支分配器通过干线电缆与CMTS连接，此时，确定出的干线电缆的长度即为CMTS的端口和该分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度。若网络中包括至少两个分支分配器时，确定出的干线电缆的长度将包括CMTS的端口和第一分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度、以及其他各第二分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度。
可选地，所述分支电缆的长度包括各所述CM分别与所述干线电缆之间的电缆长度。
在上述方案中，在获取到CM回波信道的第二时域特性后，可选地，网络设备可以根据第二时域特性中两个峰值之间的时间差，确定分支电缆的长度。其中，分支电缆的长度包括各CM分别与干线电缆之间的电缆长度。
可选地，所述根据所述CM任意两者之间的信号干扰噪声比SINR，确定各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系，包括：
计算所述CM任意两者之间的SINR，获得至少一个SINR；
将所述SINR小于第一预设值的SINR对应的CM划分为一组，获得至少一个CM组；
从每个所述CM组中选择一个CM，并将选择出的各CM间的SINR的特征信息进行聚类分组，获得至少一个SINR特征信息组；
根据各所述SINR特征信息组中包含的特征信息的个数，确定各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系。
可选地，所述根据各所述SINR特征信息组中包含的特征信息的个数，确定各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系，包括：
将第i个SINR特征信息组中的所述特征信息对应的相同CM确定为与所述干线电 缆连接的第i级CM，其中，所述第i个SINR特征信息组中的特征信息的个数小于第i-1个SINR特征信息组中的特征信息的个数，其中，i为大于或等于2的整数。
在上述方案中，将至少一个SINR特征信息组按照特征信息的个数从多到少进行排序后，将包含特征信息个数最多的SINR特征信息组中，特征信息对应的相同CM确定为与干线电缆连接的第1级CM，即该CM连接在第1级分支分配器上，将包含特征信息个数次多的SINR特征信息组中，特征信息对应的相同CM确定为与干线电缆连接的第2级CM，即该CM连接在第2级分支分配器上，…，依次类推，可以确定出各CM与干线电缆的连接关系，即确定出各CM与分支分配器之间的对应关系。
可选地，所述根据同轴电缆局端接入设备CMTS的回波信道的第一时域特性，确定干线电缆的长度，包括：
根据所述第一时域特性中两个峰值之间的时间差，确定所述干线电缆的长度。
可选地，所述分别根据各电缆调制解调器CM的回波信道的第二时域特性，确定与所述干线电缆相连的分支电缆的长度，包括：
根据所述第二时域特性中两个峰值之间的时间差，确定所述分支电缆的长度。
在上述方案中，可以根据时域特性中两个峰值之间的时间差，确定干线电缆的长度以及分支电缆的长度，使得电缆长度的确定方式较简单。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
判断所述第一时域特性的强度值和/或所述第二时域特性的强度值是否超过第二预设值；
若所述第一时域特性的强度值和/或所述第二时域特性的强度值超过第二预设值，则发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指示所述CMTS和/或所述第二时域特性对应的CM的回波程度和/或回波反射点的位置。
在本方案中，通过对第一时域特性的强度值和/或第二时域特性的强度值的大小进行分析，可以获得回波的严重性。如可设定阈值或阈值线，当第一时域特性的强度值和/或第二时域特性的强度值超过第二预设值时，则说明回波很严重，同时通过延时分析，可知严重回波点的位置，此时，将向用户发出提示信息，以进行网络质量监控报警，从而可以对网络进行监控和定位，对网络的运维和故障定位起到至关重要的作用。
本申请第二方面提供一种网络拓扑结构的确定装置，包括：
第一确定模块，用于根据电缆调制解调器终端系统CMTS的回波信道的第一时域特性，确定干线电缆的长度；
第二确定模块，用于分别根据各电缆调制解调器CM的回波信道的第二时域特性，确定与所述干线电缆相连的分支电缆的长度；
第三确定模块，用于根据所述CM任意两者之间的信号干扰噪声比SINR，确定各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系；
第四确定模块，用于根据所述干线电缆的长度、所述分支电缆的长度和各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系，确定网络的拓扑结构。
可选地，网络中包括一个分支分配器，所述干线电缆的长度包括所述CMTS的端口和所述分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度；
或者，
网络中包括至少两个分支分配器，所述干线电缆的长度包括所述CMTS的端口和第一分支分配器的端口之间、以及其他各第二分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度。
可选地，所述分支电缆的长度包括各所述CM分别与所述干线电缆之间的电缆长度。
可选地，所述第三确定模块，包括：
计算子模块，用于计算所述CM任意两者之间的SINR，获得至少一个SINR；
分组子模块，用于将所述SINR小于第一预设值的SINR对应的CM划分为一组，获得至少一个CM组；
所述分组子模块，还用于从每个所述CM组中选择一个CM，并将选择出的各CM间的SINR的特征信息进行聚类分组，获得至少一个SINR特征信息组；
确定子模块，用于根据各所述SINR特征信息组中包含的特征信息的个数，确定各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系。
可选地，所述确定子模块，具体用于：
将第i个SINR特征信息组中的所述特征信息对应的相同CM确定为与所述干线电缆连接的第i级CM，其中，所述第i个SINR特征信息组中的特征信息的个数小于第i-1个SINR特征信息组中的特征信息的个数，其中，i为大于或等于2的整数。
可选地，所述第一确定模块，具体用于：
根据所述第一时域特性中两个峰值之间的时间差，确定所述干线电缆的长度。
可选地，所述第二确定模块，具体用于：
根据所述第二时域特性中两个峰值之间的时间差，确定所述分支电缆的长度。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
判断模块，用于判断所述第一时域特性的强度值和/或所述第二时域特性的强度值是否超过第二预设值；
发送模块，用于在所述判断模块判断出所述第一时域特性的强度值和/或所述第二时域特性的强度值超过第二预设值时，发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指示所述CMTS和/或所述第二时域特性对应的CM的回波程度和/或回波反射点的位置。
本申请第三方面提供一种网络拓扑结构的确定系统，包括如第二方面所述的装置。
本申请第四方面提供一种网络拓扑结构的确定装置，包括处理器和存储器，
所述存储器用于存储指令，所述处理器用于执行所述存储器存储的指令，当处理器执行所述存储器存储的指令时，所述装置用于执行如第一方面所述的方法。
本申请第五方面提供一种网络拓扑结构的确定装置，包括用于执行以上第一方面的方法的至少一个处理元件(或芯片)。
本申请第六方面提供一种程序，该程序在被处理器执行时用于执行以上第一方面的方法。
本申请第七方面提供一种程序产品，例如计算机可读存储介质，包括第六方面的程序。
本申请第八方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面的方法。
本申请提供的网络拓扑结构的确定方法、装置和系统，由于根据CMTS的回波信道的第一时域特性，确定干线电缆的长度，并分别根据各CM的回波信道的第二时域特性，确定与干线电缆相连的分支电缆的长度，然后根据任意两个CM之间的SINR，确定各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系，最后根据干线电缆的长度、分支电缆的长度和各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系，确定出网络的拓扑结构，使得网络拓扑结构的确定比较简单。
附图说明
图1为本申请网络拓扑结构的确定方法实施例一的流程示意图；
图2为第一时域特性的示意图；
图3为分支分配器的连接示意图；
图4a为第二时域特性的一示意图；
图4b为第二时域特性的另一示意图；
图4c为第二时域特性的又一示意图；
图5为确定各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系的流程示意图；
图6为CM间的SINR的示意图；
图7为对SINR的特征信息进行聚类分组后的示意图；
图8为网络的拓扑结构示意图；
图9为本申请网络拓扑结构的确定装置实施例一的结构示意图；
图10为本申请网络拓扑结构的确定装置实施例二的结构示意图；
图11为本申请网络拓扑结构的确定装置实施例三的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例适用于确定网络拓扑结构的场景，其具体适用于确定同频双工网络拓扑结构的场景。通常，在同频双工系统中，网络的分组结果和性能跟网络的拓扑结构息息相关，另外，由于同频双工系统中，上下行信号同频传输，使得系统较复杂，且外界干扰(噪声，非线性等)对系统性能影响较大，使得网络出现故障时问题定位相对复杂，因此，如何确定网络的详细拓扑结构，是目前亟待解决的技术问题。
一般地，网络中通常包括如下器件中的部分或全部：网络管理系统、电缆调制解调器终端系统(cable modem terminal system；CMTS)、干线电缆(trunk cable)、分支分配器(splitter and tap)、分支电缆(drop cable)和电缆调制解调器(cable modem；CM)等，因此，确定网络的拓扑结构，即确定网络中包括有如上的哪些器件，以及各个器件之间的连接关系。
下面以具体的实施例对本申请的技术方案进行详细说明。下面这几个具体的实施例可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例不再赘述。
图1为本申请网络拓扑结构的确定方法实施例一的流程示意图。本申请实施例提供了一种网络拓扑结构的确定方法，该方法可以由任意执行网络拓扑结构的确定方法的装置来执行，该装置可以通过软件和/或硬件实现。本实施例中，该装置可以集成在网络设备中。如图1所示，本实施例的方法可以包括：
步骤101、根据CMTS的回波信道的第一时域特性，确定干线电缆的长度。
在本实施例中，CMTS的回波信道的第一时域特性，例如可以为回波信道的脉冲响应(impulse response；IR)或时域反射(Time-domain Reflectometry；TDR)，网络设备通过对脉冲响应或TDR进行分析，可以确定出干线电缆的长度以及网络中包含的分支分配器的数量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，网络设备通过CMTS的回波抵消(echo cancellation；EC)模块，可以获得CMTS回波信道的频域特性，再通过快速傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier Transform；FFT)，可以将CMTS回波信道的频域特性转换为CMTS回波信道的第一时域特性，其中，第一时域特性例如可以为脉冲响应或TDR。当然，网络设备也可以直接获取CMTS回波信道的第一时域特性。
在获取到CMTS回波信道的第一时域特性后，可选地，网络设备可以根据第一时域特性中峰值的个数，确定分支分配器的数量，另外，还可以根据第一时域特性中两个峰值之间的时间差，确定干线电缆的长度。其中，若网络中包括一个分支分配器，则干线电缆的长度包括CMTS的端口和分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度，或者，若网络中包括至少两个分支分配器，干线电缆的长度包括CMTS的端口和第一分支分配器的端口之间、以及其他各第二分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度。具体地，干线电缆是用于连接CMTS以及各分支分配器的电缆，若网络中仅包括一个分支分配器时，说明该分支分配器通过干线电缆与CMTS连接，此时，确定出的干线电缆的长度即为CMTS的端口和该分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度。若网络中包括至少两个分支分配器时，确定出的干线电缆的长度将包括CMTS的端口和第一分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度、以及其他各第二分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度。
图2为第一时域特性的示意图，图2中横坐标为回波反射的时间，纵坐标为回波的严重性。由于图2中的脉冲响应一共有7个峰值，则说明网络中一共有7个回波点，这7个回波点分别对应CMTS的端口、以及各分支分配器的端口，因此，可以确定出分支分配器(Tap)的数量为6。
另外，根据图2中任意两个峰值之间的时间差(回波的延时)，可以确定出这两个峰值对应的端口之间的电缆的长度。在具体的实现过程中，可以通过公式ΔL1＝Δti,j*v1/2计算干线电缆的长度，其中，Δti,j为第i个峰值与第j个峰值之间的时间差，ΔL1为第i个峰值与第j个峰值对应的端口之间的干线电缆的长度，v1为信号在电缆中的传播速度，且v1的取值与电缆的种类有关。举例来说，图2中第一个峰值与第二个峰值之间的时间差为175us，则可以确定出第一个峰值对应的端口与第二个峰值对应的端口之间的干线电缆的长度为175*v1/2，本领域技术人员可以理解，第一个峰值对应的端口与第二个峰值对应的端口之间的干线电缆的长度，即为CMTS的端口和第一分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度，由于图2中第二个峰值与第三个峰值之间的时间差为174us，则可以确定出第二个峰值对应的端口与第三个峰值对应的端口之间的干线电缆的长度为174*v1/2，…，按照上述方式，即可计算出其他各第二分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度。图3为分支分配器的连接示意图，如图3所示，根据上述方式可以确定出网络中共有6个分支分配器(Tap)的数量为6，以及 CMTS与分支分配器TAP-1之间的干线电缆的长度，以及其他分支分配器TAP-2～TAP-6之间的干线电缆的长度。
需要进行说明的是，步骤101的执行主体还可以是CMTS，即由CMTS根据自身的回波信道的第一时域特性，确定干线电缆的长度，具体的确定方式，与网络设备确定干线电缆长度的方式类似，此处不再赘述。
步骤102、分别根据各CM的回波信道的第二时域特性，确定与干线电缆相连的分支电缆的长度。
在本实施例中，CM的回波信道的第二时域特性例如可以为回波信道的脉冲响应或TDR，网络设备通过对CM回波信道的脉冲响应或TDR进行分析，可以确定出与干线电缆相连的分支电缆的长度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，网络设备通过CM的回波抵消(echo cancellation；EC)模块，可以获得CM回波信道的频域特性，再通过FFT变换，可以将CM回波信道的频域特性转换为CM回波信道的第二时域特性，其中，第二时域特性例如可以为脉冲响应或TDR。当然，网络设备也可以直接获取CM回波信道的第二时域特性。
在获取到CM回波信道的第二时域特性后，可选地，网络设备可以根据第二时域特性中两个峰值之间的时间差，确定分支电缆的长度。其中，分支电缆的长度包括各CM分别与干线电缆之间的电缆长度。
在具体的实现过程中，可以通过公式ΔL2＝Δti,j*v2/2计算分支电缆的长度，其中，Δti,j为第i个峰值与第j个峰值之间的时间差，ΔL2为第i个峰值与第j个峰值对应的端口之间的电缆的长度，v2为信号在电缆中的传播速度，且v2的取值与电缆的种类有关。举例来说，图4a为第二时域特性的一示意图，图4b为第二时域特性的另一示意图，图4c为第二时域特性的又一示意图，图4a-图4c中横坐标为回波反射的时间，纵坐标为回波的严重性。根据图4a中第一个峰值与第二个峰值之间的时间差100us，可以确定出该第一时域特性对应的CM1与干线电缆之间的电缆长度为100*v2/2，本领域技术人员可以理解，该CM1与分支电缆之间的电缆长度，即为CM1的端口和对应的分支分配器的端口之间的电缆的长度；根据图4b中第一个峰值与第二个峰值之间的时间差100us，可以确定出该第一时域特性对应的CM3与干线电缆之间的电缆长度为100*v2/2，本领域技术人员可以理解，该CM3与分支电缆之间的电缆长度，即为CM3的端口和对应的分支分配器的端口之间的电缆的长度；根据图4c中第一个峰值与第二个峰值之间的时间差100us，可以确定出该第一时域特性对应的CM5与干线电缆之间的电缆长度为100*v2/2，本领域技术人员可以理解，该CM5与分支电缆之间的电缆长度，即为CM5的端口和对应的分支分配器的端口之间的电缆的长度，…，按照上述方式，即可计算出其他各CM的端口和对应的分支分配器的端口之间的电缆的长度。
另外，当网络中存在有其它分支分配器时，会在图4a-图4c中的第一和第二个峰值中间将会出现一个新的峰值，这个峰值的强度跟第一和第二个峰值的强度相似，由此可以判断网络中是否还有其它分支分配器。
需要进行说明的是，步骤102的执行主体还可以是CM，即由CM根据自身的回波信道的第二时域特性，确定分支电缆的长度，具体的确定方式，与网络设备确定分支电缆长度的方式类似，此处不再赘述。
步骤103、根据CM任意两者之间的信号干扰噪声比(signal interference noise ratio；SINR)，确定各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系。
在本实施例中，确定各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系，即为确定各CM与分支分配器之间的对应关系，也即各CM分别连接在哪一个分支分配器上。由于同频双工网络具有如下特性：将所有CM进行分组，将存在严重相互干扰的CM划分为一个组，组内CM为频分模式，可防止干扰，而组与组间独立，可为同频双工模式，可提高频谱效率，因此，网络设备需要先测量出网络中各CM间的相互干扰严重性，即测量任意两个CM之间的SINR或接收调制误差率(receive modulation error ratio；RxMER)，以基于上述特性，确定各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系。
图5为确定各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系的流程示意图，如图5所示，基于上述同频双工网络的特性，在一种可能的实现方式中，确定各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系可以包括：
步骤1031、计算CM任意两者之间的SINR，获得至少一个SINR。
具体地，网络设备首先需要计算各个CM之间的SINR，如计算CM1和CM2之间的SINR，计算CM1和CM3之间的SINR，计算CM2和CM3之间的SINR等等，由此可以获得至少一个SINR。
另外，本实施例中以SINR为例进行说明，若计算出的各CM间的干扰值为RxMER，则根据RxMER确定各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系的方式与根据SINR确定各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系的方式类似，本实施例中不再赘述。
步骤1032、将SINR小于第一预设值的SINR对应的CM划分为一组，获得至少一个CM组。
具体地，在计算出任意两个CM之间的SINR之后，可以将SINR小于第一预设值的SINR对应的CM划分为一组，由于连接在同一个分支分配器上的CM之间的干扰很严重，即SINR较小，因此，通过上述方式对CM进行划分之后，将可以保证处于同一组内的CM均对应同一个分支分配器。另外，可以理解的是，分组后组的数目将等于分支分配器的数目。其中，第一预设值可以根据经验进行选取，例如可以为20dB，对于第一预设值的具体取值，本实施例在此不作限制。
图6为CM间的SINR的示意图，如图6所示，不同分支分配器TAP上连接的CM之间的干扰较小，因此，SINR的值较大，而同一分支分配器TAP上连接的CM之间的干扰较严重，因此，SINR的值较小，这样，可以将SINR小于第一预设值的SINR对应的CM划分为一组。
举例来说，若网络中存在CM11、CM12、CM31、CM41和CM42，通过计算，得到CM11和CM12之间的SINR为16dB，CM11和CM12之间的SINR为25dB，CM11和CM41之间的SINR为28dB，CM11和CM42之间的SINR为35dB，CM12和CM31之间的SINR为25dB，CM12和CM41之间的SINR为30dB，CM12和CM42之间的SINR为35dB，CM31和CM41之间的SINR为25dB，CM31和CM42之间的SINR为35dB，CM41和CM42之间的SINR为15dB，假设第一预设值为20dB，则可以将CM11和CM12划分为一组，将CM41和CM42划分为一组，将剩余的CM31划分为一组。根据同频双工网络的特性可以获知，CM11和CM12连接在同一个分支分配器 上，CM41和CM42连接在同一个分支分配器上，CM31连接在一个分支分配器上。
步骤1033、从每个CM组中选择一个CM，并将选择出的各CM间的SINR的特征信息进行聚类分组，获得至少一个SINR特征信息组。
具体地，由于对CM进行分组后，划分到同一个CM组中的CM对应同一个分支分配器，因此，为了提高确定各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系的效率，可以从每个CM组中选择一个CM进行处理，当确定出这一CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系之后，也就可以确定出同一CM组内其他CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系。网络设备可以通过随机选取的方式从各CM组中选择一个CM，也可以通过其他规则从各CM组中选择一个CM，只要能保证选择出的CM间都进行过SINR测量即可。
由于连接在干线电缆的第i级CM对连接在第i级之后的各CM的干扰是相似的，故第i级CM与第i级之后的各CM之间的SINR的特征信息也是相似的，因此从每个CM组中选择一个CM后，可以将选择出的各CM间的SINR的特征信息进行聚类分组之后，会将SINR的特征信息相似的CM分为一组。其中，聚类分组是以相似性为基础进行分组的，分组后处于同一个组内的CM之间比不在同一组内的CM之间具有更多的相似性。
在一种可能的方式中，可以将选择出的各CM间的SINR曲线本身进行聚类分组，由此可以获得至少一个SINR特征信息组，另外，还可以将选择出的各CM间的SINR曲线进行特征提取后，对提取后的特征参量进行聚类分组，特征参量例如可以为平均值或均方差，其中，SINR特征信息组的数目为分支分配器的数目减一。
例如，若从每个CM组中选择出的CM包括CM1、CM2、CM3、CM4、CM5和CM6，若CM1与CM2之间的SINR为SINR12，CM1与CM3之间的SINR为SINR13…，则将各CM间的SINR的特征信息进行聚类分组后，将获得5个SINR特征信息组，分别为：SINR12、SINR13、SINR14、SINR15、SINR16、SINR21、SINR31、SINR41、SINR51和SINR61为第1组，SINR23、SINR24、SINR25、SINR26、SINR32、SINR42、SINR52和SINR62为第2组，SINR34、SINR35、SINR36、SINR43、SINR53和SINR63第3组，SINR45、SINR46、SINR54和SINR64为第4组，SINR56和SINR65为第5组。具体的聚类过程，可以为计算各特征信息SINR曲线之间的距离，将距离近的特征信息归为一个SNIR特征信息组。
又如：若从每个CM组中选择出的CM包括CM1、CM2、CM3、CM4、CM5和CM6，若CM1与CM2之间的SINR为SINR12，CM1与CM3之间的SINR为SINR13…，对各CM间的SINR进行特征提取，计算出SINR的平均值或均方差后，可以对平均值或均方差进行聚类分组。图7为对SINR的特征信息进行聚类分组后的示意图，如图7所示，可以将SINR的平均值或均方差分为5组。
步骤1034、根据各SINR特征信息组中包含的特征信息的个数，确定各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系。
具体地，对各CM间的SINR的特征信息进行聚类分组，获得至少一个SINR特征信息组后，将根据各SINR特征信息组中包含的特征信息的个数，确定各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系。具体地，若网络设备是对SINR曲线本身进行聚类分组，则将根据SINR特征信息组中包含的SINR曲线的个数，确定各CM与干线电缆之间的连接 关系，若网络设备是对SINR的特征参量进行聚类分组，则将根据SINR特征信息组中包含的特征参量的个数，确定各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系。
可选地，将第i个SINR特征信息组中的特征信息对应的相同CM确定为与干线电缆连接的第i级CM，其中，第i个SINR特征信息组中的特征信息的个数小于第i-1个SINR特征信息组中的特征信息的个数，其中，i为大于或等于2的整数。
具体地，将至少一个SINR特征信息组按照特征信息的个数从多到少进行排序后，将包含特征信息个数最多的SINR特征信息组中，特征信息对应的相同CM确定为与干线电缆连接的第1级CM，即该CM连接在第1级分支分配器上，将包含特征信息个数次多的SINR特征信息组中，特征信息对应的相同CM确定为与干线电缆连接的第2级CM，即该CM连接在第2级分支分配器上，…，依次类推，可以确定出各CM与干线电缆的连接关系，即确定出各CM与分支分配器之间的对应关系。
例如，步骤1033中5个SINR特征信息组中，第1组中SINR曲线个数最多，则将第1组中SINR曲线对应的相同CM1确定为与干线电缆连接的第1级CM，第2组中SINR曲线个数次多，则将第2组中SINR曲线对应的相同CM2确定为与干线电缆连接的第2级CM，…，依次类推，将可以确定出每个CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系。
另外，如图7中所示，若对SINR的平均值或均方差进行聚类分组，也可以统计SINR特征信息组中特征参量的个数，如第1组中特征参量个数最多，则将第1组中特征参量对应的相同CM1确定为与干线电缆连接的第1级CM，即CM1与分支分配器TAP1连接，第2组中特征参量个数次多，则将第2组中特征参量对应的相同CM2确定为与干线电缆连接的第2级CM，即CM2与分支分配器TAP2连接…，依次类推，将可以确定出每个CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系。
步骤104、根据干线电缆的长度、分支电缆的长度和各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系，确定网络的拓扑结构。
在本实施例中，图8为网络的拓扑结构示意图，如图8所示，在确定出干线电缆的长度、分支电缆的长度和各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系之后，即可确定出网络的拓扑结构。如根据第一时域特性中峰值的数量，确定出网络中包括6个分支分配器，且根据第一时域特性中峰值之间的时间差，确定出CMTS与第一分支分配器TAP-1之间的干线电缆的长度为175’，TAP-1与TAP-2之间的干线电缆的长度为174’，TAP-2与TAP-3之间的干线电缆的长度为171’，TAP-3与TAP-4之间的干线电缆的长度为173’，TAP-4与TAP-5之间的干线电缆的长度为174’，TAP-5与TAP-6之间的干线电缆的长度为174’；再根据第二时域特性中峰值之间的时间差，确定出CM1与对应的分支分配器之间的分支电缆的长度为100’，CM2与对应的分支分配器之间的分支电缆的长度为100’，CM3与对应的分支分配器之间的分支电缆的长度为100’，CM4与对应的分支分配器之间的分支电缆的长度为100’，CM5与对应的分支分配器之间的分支电缆的长度为100’，CM6与对应的分支分配器之间的分支电缆的长度为100’；最后，根据任意两个CM之间的SINR，确定出CM1为与干线电缆连接的第1级CM，即CM1对应的分支分配器为TAP-1，CM2对应的分支分配器为TAP-2，CM3对应的分支分配器为TAP-3，CM4对应的分支分配器为TAP-4，CM5对应的分支分配器为 TAP-5，CM6对应的分支分配器为TAP-6，由此，即可确定出如图8所示的网络拓扑结构。
可以理解，步骤101～步骤103之间没有必然的执行先后顺序，例如：步骤101～步骤103可以在同一时段内执行。
本申请实施例提供的网络拓扑结构的确定方法，由于根据CMTS的回波信道的第一时域特性，确定干线电缆的长度，并分别根据各CM的回波信道的第二时域特性，确定与干线电缆相连的分支电缆的长度，然后根据任意两个CM之间的SINR，确定各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系，最后根据干线电缆的长度、分支电缆的长度和各CM与干线电缆之间的连接关系，确定出网络的拓扑结构，使得网络拓扑结构的确定比较简单。
可选地，在上述各实施例的基础上，网络设备还可以判断第一时域特性的强度值和/或第二时域特性的强度值是否超过第二预设值，若第一时域特性的强度值和/或第二时域特性的强度值超过第二预设值，则发出提示信息，该提示信息用于指示CMTS和/或第二时域特性对应的CM的回波程度和/或回波反射点的位置。
具体地，通过对第一时域特性的强度值和/或第二时域特性的强度值的大小进行分析，可以获得回波的严重性。如可设定阈值或阈值线，当第一时域特性的强度值和/或第二时域特性的强度值超过第二预设值时，则说明回波很严重，同时通过延时分析，可知严重回波点的位置，此时，将向用户发出提示信息，以进行网络质量监控报警，从而可以对网络进行监控和定位，对网络的运维和故障定位起到至关重要的作用。
图9为本申请网络拓扑结构的确定装置实施例一的结构示意图，该装置可以位于网络设备，参见图9，该装置包括：第一确定模块901、第二确定模块902、第三确定模块903和第四确定模块904，其中：
第一确定模块901用于根据电缆调制解调器终端系统CMTS的回波信道的第一时域特性，确定干线电缆的长度；
第二确定模块902用于分别根据各电缆调制解调器CM的回波信道的第二时域特性，确定与所述干线电缆相连的分支电缆的长度；
第三确定模块903用于根据所述CM任意两者之间的信号干扰噪声比SINR，确定各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系；
第四确定模块904用于根据所述干线电缆的长度、所述分支电缆的长度和各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系，确定网络的拓扑结构。
可选地，所述网络中包括一个分支分配器，所述干线电缆的长度包括所述CMTS的端口和所述分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度；
或者，
所述网络中包括至少两个分支分配器，所述干线电缆的长度包括所述CMTS的端口和第一分支分配器的端口之间、以及其他各第二分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度。
可选地，所述分支电缆的长度包括各所述CM分别与所述干线电缆之间的电缆长度。
图10为本申请网络拓扑结构的确定装置实施例二的结构示意图，该装置可以位于网络设备，参见图10，在图9所示实施例的基础上，第三确定模块903，包括：
计算子模块9031用于计算所述CM任意两者之间的SINR，获得至少一个SINR；
分组子模块9032用于将所述SINR小于第一预设值的SINR对应的CM划分为一组，获得至少一个CM组；
所述分组子模块9032还用于从每个所述CM组中选择一个CM，并将选择出的各CM间的SINR的特征信息进行聚类分组，获得至少一个SINR特征信息组；
确定子模块9033用于根据各所述SINR特征信息组中包含的特征信息的个数，确定各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系。
可选地，所述确定子模块9033具体用于：
将第i个SINR特征信息组中的所述特征信息对应的相同CM确定为与所述干线电缆连接的第i级CM，其中，所述第i个SINR特征信息组中的特征信息的个数小于第i-1个SINR特征信息组中的特征信息的个数，其中，i为大于或等于2的整数。
可选地，所述第一确定模块901具体用于：
根据所述第一时域特性中两个峰值之间的时间差，确定所述干线电缆的长度。
可选地，所述第二确定模块902具体用于：
根据所述第二时域特性中两个峰值之间的时间差，确定所述分支电缆的长度。
图11为本申请网络拓扑结构的确定装置实施例三的结构示意图，该装置可以位于网络设备，参见图11，在图9所示实施例的基础上，该装置还包括：
判断模块905用于判断所述第一时域特性的强度值和/或所述第二时域特性的强度值是否超过第二预设值；
发送模块906用于在所述判断模块905判断出所述第一时域特性的强度值和/或所述第二时域特性的强度值超过第二预设值时，发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指示所述CMTS和/或所述第二时域特性对应的CM的回波程度和/或回波反射点的位置。
上述装置可用于执行上述对应方法实施例提供的方法，具体实现方式和技术效果类似，这里不再赘述。
需要说明的是，应理解以上网络拓扑结构的确定装置的各个模块的划分仅仅是一种逻辑功能的划分，实际实现时可以全部或部分集成到一个物理实体上，也可以物理上分开。且这些模块可以全部以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现；也可以全部以硬件的形式实现；还可以部分单元通过软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现，部分单元通过硬件的形式实现。例如，发送模块可以为单独设立的处理元件，也可以集成在网络设备的某一个芯片中实现，此外，也可以以程序的形式存储于网络设备的存储器中，由网络设备的某一个处理元件调用并执行该发送模块的功能。其它模块的实现与之类似。此外这些模块全部或部分可以集成在一起，也可以独立实现。这里所述的处理模块可以是一种集成电路，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤或以上各个模块可以通过处理器元件中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。此外，以上发送模块是一种控制发送的模块，可以通过网络设备的发送装置，例如天线和射频装置接收基站发送的信息。
以上这些模块可以是被配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个 或多个特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)，或，一个或多个微处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)，或，一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)等。再如，当以上某个模块通过处理元件调度程序的形式实现时，该处理模块可以是通用处理器，例如中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)或其它可以调用程序的处理器。再如，这些单元可以集成在一起，以片上系统(system-on-a-chip，SOC)的形式实现。
本申请还提供一种网络拓扑结构的确定系统，包括如上任一实施例所述的网络拓扑结构的确定装置。
本申请还提供一种存储介质，包括：可读存储介质和计算机程序，所述计算机程序用于实现前述任一实施例提供的网络拓扑结构的确定方法。
本申请还提供一种程序产品，该程序产品包括计算机程序(即执行指令)，该计算机程序存储在可读存储介质中。发送设备的至少一个处理器可以从可读存储介质读取该计算机程序，至少一个处理器执行该计算机程序使得发送设备实施前述各种实施方式提供的网络拓扑结构的确定方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种网络拓扑结构的确定装置，包括至少一个存储元件和至少一个处理元件、所述至少一个存储元件用于存储程序，该程序被执行时，使得所述网络拓扑结构的确定装置执行上述任一实施例中的网络设备的操作。该装置可以是网络设备芯片。
实现上述各方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成。前述的程序可以存储于一可读取存储器中。该程序在执行时，执行包括上述各方法实施例的步骤；而前述的存储器(存储介质)包括：只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、RAM、快闪存储器、硬盘、固态硬盘、磁带(magnetic tape)、软盘(floppy disk)、光盘(optical disc)及其任意组合。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求书的保护范围为准。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种网络拓扑结构的确定方法，其特征在于，包括：
    根据电缆调制解调器终端系统CMTS的回波信道的第一时域特性，确定干线电缆的长度；
    分别根据各电缆调制解调器CM的回波信道的第二时域特性，确定与所述干线电缆相连的分支电缆的长度；
    根据所述CM任意两者之间的信号干扰噪声比SINR，确定各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系；
    根据所述干线电缆的长度、所述分支电缆的长度和各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系，确定网络的拓扑结构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络中包括一个分支分配器，所述干线电缆的长度包括所述CMTS的端口和所述分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度；
    或者，
    所述网络中包括至少两个分支分配器，所述干线电缆的长度包括所述CMTS的端口和第一分支分配器的端口之间、以及其他各第二分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述分支电缆的长度包括各所述CM分别与所述干线电缆之间的电缆长度。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述CM任意两者之间的信号干扰噪声比SINR，确定各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系，包括：
    计算所述CM任意两者之间的SINR，获得至少一个SINR；
    将所述SINR小于第一预设值的SINR对应的CM划分为一组，获得至少一个CM组；
    从每个所述CM组中选择一个CM，并将选择出的各CM间的SINR的特征信息进行聚类分组，获得至少一个SINR特征信息组；
    根据各所述SINR特征信息组中包含的特征信息的个数，确定各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据各所述SINR特征信息组中包含的特征信息的个数，确定各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系，包括：
    将第i个SINR特征信息组中的所述特征信息对应的相同CM确定为与所述干线电缆连接的第i级CM，其中，所述第i个SINR特征信息组中的特征信息的个数小于第i-1个SINR特征信息组中的特征信息的个数，其中，i为大于或等于2的整数。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据同轴电缆局端接入设备CMTS的回波信道的第一时域特性，确定干线电缆的长度，包括：
    根据所述第一时域特性中两个峰值之间的时间差，确定所述干线电缆的长度。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项的方法，其特征在于，所述分别根据各电缆调制解调器CM的回波信道的第二时域特性，确定与所述干线电缆相连的分支电缆的长度，包 括：
    根据所述第二时域特性中两个峰值之间的时间差，确定所述分支电缆的长度。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    判断所述第一时域特性的强度值和/或所述第二时域特性的强度值是否超过第二预设值；
    若所述第一时域特性的强度值和/或所述第二时域特性的强度值超过第二预设值，则发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指示所述CMTS和/或所述第二时域特性对应的CM的回波程度和/或回波反射点的位置。
  9. 一种网络拓扑结构的确定装置，其特征在于，包括：
    第一确定模块，用于根据电缆调制解调器终端系统CMTS的回波信道的第一时域特性，确定干线电缆的长度；
    第二确定模块，用于分别根据各电缆调制解调器CM的回波信道的第二时域特性，确定与所述干线电缆相连的分支电缆的长度；
    第三确定模块，用于根据所述CM任意两者之间的信号干扰噪声比SINR，确定各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系；
    第四确定模块，用于根据所述干线电缆的长度、所述分支电缆的长度和各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系，确定网络的拓扑结构。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述网络中包括一个分支分配器，所述干线电缆的长度包括所述CMTS的端口和所述分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度；
    或者，
    所述网络中包括至少两个分支分配器，所述干线电缆的长度包括所述CMTS的端口和第一分支分配器的端口之间、以及其他各第二分支分配器的端口之间的干线电缆的长度。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述分支电缆的长度包括各所述CM分别与所述干线电缆之间的电缆长度。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第三确定模块，包括：
    计算子模块，用于计算所述CM任意两者之间的SINR，获得至少一个SINR；
    分组子模块，用于将所述SINR小于第一预设值的SINR对应的CM划分为一组，获得至少一个CM组；
    所述分组子模块，还用于从每个所述CM组中选择一个CM，并将选择出的各CM间的SINR的特征信息进行聚类分组，获得至少一个SINR特征信息组；
    确定子模块，用于根据各所述SINR特征信息组中包含的特征信息的个数，确定各所述CM与所述干线电缆之间的连接关系。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述确定子模块，具体用于：
    将第i个SINR特征信息组中的所述特征信息对应的相同CM确定为与所述干线电缆连接的第i级CM，其中，所述第i个SINR特征信息组中的特征信息的个数小于第i-1个SINR特征信息组中的特征信息的个数，其中，i为大于或等于2的整数。
  14. 根据权利要求9-13任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一确定模块，具 体用于：
    根据所述第一时域特性中两个峰值之间的时间差，确定所述干线电缆的长度。
  15. 根据权利要求9-14任一项的装置，其特征在于，所述第二确定模块，具体用于：
    根据所述第二时域特性中两个峰值之间的时间差，确定所述分支电缆的长度。
  16. 根据权利要求9-15任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    判断模块，用于判断所述第一时域特性的强度值和/或所述第二时域特性的强度值是否超过第二预设值；
    发送模块，用于在所述判断模块判断出所述第一时域特性的强度值和/或所述第二时域特性的强度值超过第二预设值时，发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指示所述CMTS和/或所述第二时域特性对应的CM的回波程度和/或回波反射点的位置。
  17. 一种网络拓扑结构的确定系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求9-16任一项所述的装置。
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