WO2019017847A1 - Portable power storage - Google Patents

Portable power storage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019017847A1
WO2019017847A1 PCT/SG2018/050360 SG2018050360W WO2019017847A1 WO 2019017847 A1 WO2019017847 A1 WO 2019017847A1 SG 2018050360 W SG2018050360 W SG 2018050360W WO 2019017847 A1 WO2019017847 A1 WO 2019017847A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rechargeable battery
power storage
module
housing body
modules
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SG2018/050360
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Yinh Jheow Ban
Original Assignee
Vanda Electrics Pte Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vanda Electrics Pte Ltd filed Critical Vanda Electrics Pte Ltd
Publication of WO2019017847A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019017847A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/005—Detection of state of health [SOH]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/222—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/224—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to portable power storage. More particularly, the present disclosure describes various embodiments of a portable power storage device, power storage systems comprising a plurality of the portable power storage devices, and a method of controlling power consumption of the portable power storage devices.
  • Electric vehicles use electric motors instead of internal combustion engines for propulsion, and the electric motors are powered by a battery pack installed or mounted in the electric vehicles.
  • Electric-vehicle batteries in the battery pack are usually rechargeable, and the battery pack is usually small and light to reduce the weight of the electric vehicle and improve its performance.
  • the range of the electric vehicle is limited by the overall capacity of the batteries which is predefined by the technical specification of the batteries.
  • the user of the electric vehicle may feel restricted or bounded by the limited capacity of the battery pack.
  • Another problem with such battery pack is that if the battery pack has multiple batteries and one of them is damaged, the overall efficiency of the battery pack would be reduced and compromise on the performance of the electric vehicle. The user would likely need to replace the entire battery pack if a battery is damaged or has reached the end of its lifespan.
  • a portable power storage device comprising a housing body comprising a set of mounting positions; a set of rechargeable battery modules removably mounted to the housing body at the mounting positions; a set of battery control modules disposed in the housing body, each battery control module communicatively connected to a rechargeable battery module for monitoring a state of the rechargeable battery module; and a battery management module disposed in the housing body and communicatively connected to the battery control modules for balancing the states of the rechargeable battery modules during charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery modules.
  • a power storage system comprising a battery management module; and a set of portable power storage devices.
  • Each portable power storage device comprises a housing body comprising a set of mounting positions; a set of rechargeable battery modules removably mounted to the housing body at the mounting positions; and a set of battery control modules disposed in the housing body, each battery control module communicatively connected to a rechargeable battery module for monitoring a state of the rechargeable battery module, wherein the battery management module is communicatively connected to the battery control modules for balancing the states of the rechargeable battery modules during charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery modules.
  • a power storage system comprising a plurality of portable power storage devices comprising a master power storage device and a set of slave power storage devices.
  • Each slave power storage device comprises a slave housing body comprising a set of mounting positions; a set of slave rechargeable battery modules removably mounted to the slave housing body; a set of slave battery control modules disposed in the slave housing body, each slave battery control module communicatively connected to a slave rechargeable battery module for monitoring a state of the slave rechargeable battery module.
  • the master power storage device comprises: a master housing body comprising a set of mounting positions; a set of master rechargeable battery modules removably mounted to the master housing body; a set of master battery control modules disposed in the master housing body, each mater battery control module communicatively connected to a master rechargeable battery module for monitoring a state of the master rechargeable battery module; and a master battery management module disposed in the master housing body, wherein the master battery management module is communicatively connected to the master and slave battery control modules for balancing the states of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules during charging or discharging of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules.
  • a method of controlling power consumption of a plurality of portable power storage devices each portable storage device comprising a set of removably mounted rechargeable battery module.
  • the method comprises monitoring, for each rechargeable battery module, a state of the rechargeable battery module, said monitoring performed by a battery control module communicatively connected to the respective rechargeable battery module; and balancing, by a battery management module communicatively connected to the battery control modules, the states of the rechargeable battery modules during charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery modules.
  • Figure 1A to Figure 1 F illustrate various exterior and interior views of a portable power storage device in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2A illustrates a schematic of a power storage system in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 2B illustrates a schematic of a power storage system with an application load, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a power storage system with a power generator, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a flowchart of a method of controlling power consumption of a plurality of portable power storage devices view, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • depiction of a given element or consideration or use of a particular element number in a particular figure or a reference thereto in corresponding descriptive material can encompass the same, an equivalent, or an analogous element or element number identified in another figure or descriptive material associated therewith.
  • the use of 7" in a figure or associated text is understood to mean “and/or” unless otherwise indicated.
  • the term "set” corresponds to or is defined as a non-empty finite organization of elements that mathematically exhibits a cardinality of at least one (e.g. a set as defined herein can correspond to a unit, singlet, or single element set, or a multiple element set), in accordance with known mathematical definitions.
  • references to "an embodiment / example”, “another embodiment / example”, “some embodiments / examples”, “some other embodiments / examples”, and so on, indicate that the embodiment(s) / example(s) so described may include a particular feature, structure, characteristic, property, element, or limitation, but that not every embodiment / example necessarily includes that particular feature, structure, characteristic, property, element or limitation. Furthermore, repeated use of the phrase “in an embodiment / example” or “in another embodiment / example” does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / example.
  • FIG. 1A to Figure 1 F there is a portable power storage device 100 as illustrated in Figure 1A to Figure 1 F.
  • Figures 1A to Figure 1 F illustrate various exterior and interior views of the portable power storage device 100 according to various embodiments. It will be appreciated that the positions of various components / parts of the portable power storage device 100 are adjustable / repositionable, among a variety of other changes and/or modifications appreciable by the skilled person, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the portable power storage device 100 is easily transportable by one or a few persons for installation, repair, and/or replacement.
  • the portable power storage device 100 is sufficiently lightweight to facilitate portability / transportability.
  • the portable power storage device 100 includes a housing body 102 that may include removable / openable exterior casing 104 to allow a user to access the interior of the housing body 102.
  • the housing body 102 includes a set of mounting positions 106 for mounting various components or modules in the housing body 102.
  • the mounting positions 106 may be arranged in the form of an array, such as a matrix or grid of rows and columns. A component or module may fit into one or more of the mounting positions 106 in the array, depending on the dimensions / size of the module. This provides flexibility to the user in mounting different modules of different sizes in the housing body 102 and at different mounting positions 106. Accordingly, the modules can be mounted at selectable mounting positions 106 of the housing body 102.
  • the mounting positions 106 may include receptacles, indentations, or recesses that allow the modules to be installed or mounted, such as by snap-fitting.
  • the portable power storage device 100 includes a set of rechargeable battery modules 108 removably mounted to the housing body 102 at the mounting positions 106. Specifically, one or more rechargeable battery modules 108 are removably mounted at selectable mounting positions 106 of the housing body 102.
  • the rechargeable battery modules 108 are designed to be modular such that each battery module can be easily replaced from the housing body 102, and more rechargeable battery modules 108 can be added adjacently to other rechargeable battery modules 108 in the housing body 102 to increase the overall battery capacity of the portable power storage device 100.
  • the rechargeable battery modules 108 are useable in electric vehicles.
  • the rechargeable battery modules 108 have relatively high power-to-weight ratio, and are smaller and lighter to reduce the weight of the electric vehicle, thereby improving the performance of the electric vehicle.
  • a rechargeable battery module 108 may be a deep-cycle battery such as of the lead- acid type.
  • a rechargeable battery module 108 may be of the lithium-ion type which has higher power density and longer life span than most other types of batteries. It will be appreciated by the skilled person that the rechargeable battery modules 108 may be of other types, such as nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, lithium-ion polymer, zinc-air, and molten-salt.
  • the portable power storage device 100 further includes a set of battery control modules 1 10 disposed in the housing body 102.
  • Each battery control module 1 10 is communicatively connected to a rechargeable battery module 108 for monitoring a state of the rechargeable battery module 108.
  • every rechargeable battery module 108 is paired with and communicatively connected to one battery control module 1 10 for monitoring of the state of the rechargeable battery module 108.
  • Each rechargeable battery module 108 or battery control module 1 10 may include a switch for activating / deactivating the rechargeable battery module 108. For example, if the portable power storage device 100 has multiple rechargeable battery modules 108, the switches may be operated for selective activation / deactivation of one or more of the rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • a rechargeable battery module 108 may be deactivated if it is faulty to mitigate risk of damaging the other rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • a battery control module 1 10 is internal / integrated within and communicatively connected to a rechargeable battery module 108.
  • a battery control module 1 10 is external to / separate from, but communicatively connected to, a rechargeable battery module 108.
  • the battery control module 1 10 may be designed to be modular such that the battery control module 1 10 can be easily replaced from the housing body 102, and more battery control modules 1 10 can be added to complement additional rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the battery control module 1 10 is in the form of a circuit board removably mounted at selectable mounting positions 106 of the housing body 102.
  • the states of the rechargeable battery modules 108 may relate to one or more of voltage, current, temperature, state of charge, state of health, and state of power thereof.
  • the state of charge, or depth of discharge, indicates the charge level of the rechargeable battery module 108;
  • the state of health indicates the remaining capacity of the rechargeable battery module 108 relative to its original capacity;
  • the state of power indicates the amount of power available for a defined time interval.
  • the portable power storage device 100 further includes a battery management module 1 12 disposed in the housing body 102.
  • the battery management module 1 12 is communicatively connected to the battery control modules for balancing the states of the rechargeable battery modules 108 during charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the rechargeable battery modules 108 are charging when they are electrically connected to a power source or supply, and the rechargeable battery modules 108 are discharging when they are electrically connected to an external system or application load, such as the electric vehicle.
  • the external system or application load is not limited to electric vehicles, and may include other systems / loads that consume power / electricity, such as various industrial / commercial apparatuses and equipment.
  • the battery management module 1 12 may be designed to be modular such that it can be easily replaced from the housing body 102.
  • the battery management module 1 12 is in the form of a circuit board removably mounted at selectable mounting positions 106 of the housing body 102.
  • the battery control modules 1 10 function as a local battery management system for each of the rechargeable battery modules 108, while the battery management module 1 12 functions as a global battery management system for all of the rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the battery control modules 1 10 monitor the state of the rechargeable battery modules 108 and communicate the state data to the battery management module 1 12. Based on the states of the rechargeable battery modules 108, the battery management module 1 12 balances the states to substantially distribute power storage or consumption equally among the rechargeable battery modules 108 during charging or discharging, respectively. In many embodiments, the battery control modules 1 10 monitor the states of charge of the rechargeable battery modules 108, and the battery management module 1 12 balances the states of charge of the rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • Such balancing results substantially equal loading on the rechargeable battery modules 108 and enhances the charge cycle life and life span of the rechargeable battery modules 108. This mitigates the risk inconsistent deterioration of the rechargeable battery modules 108, such as one of the rechargeable battery modules 108 deteriorating quicker than the other rechargeable battery modules 108, if multiple rechargeable battery modules 108 are used in the portable power storage device 100.
  • the housing body 102 is elongated such that the battery modules the rechargeable battery modules 108, battery control modules 1 10, and battery management module 1 12 are arranged along a longitudinal direction of the housing body 102, i.e. along the length of the housing body 102.
  • the housing body 102 may have a rectangular shape or profile.
  • the housing body 102 may be lengthened to accommodate additional modules, such as more rechargeable battery modules 108 and battery control modules 1 10 to increase the overall battery capacity of the portable power storage device 100.
  • the housing body 102 includes a frame structure 1 14 for slideably mounting the portable power storage device 100.
  • the frame structure or rack 1 14 allows the portable power storage device 100 to be mounted to and extracted from another body, such as an electric vehicle.
  • the portable power storage device 100 can be extracted from the electric vehicle by sliding out the frame structure 1 14, such as for repairing / replacing of one or more rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the frame structure 1 14 may be formed of extruded parts, such as hollow tubular parts, to reduce the material required and weight contribution to the portable power storage device 100. Additionally, by extruding the frame structure 1 14, the length of the housing body 102 can be extended to accommodate more modules, such as more rechargeable battery modules 108 to increase the overall battery capacity.
  • the material of the frame structure 1 14 may be a lightweight one, such as aluminum although other materials may be contemplated by the skilled person.
  • the frame structure 1 14 may include sliding guide rails 1 16 to facilitate the sliding action on the frame structure 1 14.
  • the frame structure 1 14 may further include handles or grips 1 18 that allow the user to grip the frame structure 1 14 for the sliding action.
  • the handles 1 18 may be disposed at end portions of the frame structure 1 14 and/or a bottom portion of the frame structure 1 14.
  • the housing body 102 including the frame structure 1 14 is cased within the exterior casing 104, thereby protecting the rechargeable battery modules 108, battery control modules 1 10, and battery management module 1 12 mounted to the housing body 102 from damage.
  • the portable power storage device 100 optionally includes a charger module 120 and/or a fan module 122 removably mounted to the housing body 102.
  • the charger module 120 / fan module 122 is removably mounted at selectable mounting positions 106 of the housing body 102.
  • the charger module 120 is connectable to a power source for charging the rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the fan module 122 is arranged for cooling the rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the fan module 122 may be arranged at an end portion of the housing body 102 as shown in Figure 1 B or above the rechargeable battery modules 108 as shown in Figure 1 D.
  • the portable power storage device 100 includes a user interface 124 disposed on a top portion of the housing body 102.
  • the user interface 124 includes one or more sets of sockets / ports 126 for facilitating data and/or electrical communication.
  • One or more sets of sockets / ports 126 may additionally or alternatively be disposed on an end portion of the housing body 102.
  • Suitable cables may be connected from the sockets 126 of the portable power storage device 100 to a power source or application load for data / electrical communication during charging or discharging the rechargeable battery modules 108, respectively. It will be appreciated by the skilled person that the cables are suitable for bidirectional current flow - charging and discharging - but only current flow in one direction is permitted at any one time. Suitable cables may also be connected among the sockets 126 of a plurality of portable power storage devices 100 and to the power source / application load for data / electrical communication through the cables.
  • the user interface 124 may be in the form of a user control panel that includes input components for controlling various operations of the portable power storage device 100, such as activating / deactivating the rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the user interface 124 may optionally include a display panel / screen for displaying visual indicators to the user, such as the states of the rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the portable power storage device 100 is installed in an electric vehicle for powering a motor of the electric vehicle.
  • the battery management module 1 12 may be operative as a motor controller, such as shown in Figure 1 E, for regulating said discharging of the rechargeable battery modules 108 to the electric vehicle motor.
  • the battery management module 1 12 thus governs the performance of the electric vehicle motor in a predetermined configuration, thereby mitigating risks of the electric vehicle motor being overloaded or becoming faulty / damaged.
  • the battery control modules 1 10 and battery management module 1 12 may be communicatively connected by a vehicle bus network.
  • the electric vehicle motor is connectable to and communicable with the battery management module 1 12 via the vehicle bus network which is a specialized internal communications network for vehicles.
  • the vehicle bus network may be based on various standards, such as the Controller Area Network (CAN bus) standard, as will be readily understood by the skilled person.
  • CAN bus Controller Area Network
  • the first portable power storage device 100A includes a housing body 102 and a battery management module 1 12 disposed in the housing body 102.
  • the first portable power storage device 100A optionally includes a set of rechargeable battery modules 108 removably mounted to the housing body 102 and a set of battery control modules 1 10 communicatively connected to the rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • Each of the plurality of second portable power storage devices 100B includes a housing body 102, a set of rechargeable battery modules 108 removably mounted to the housing body 102, and a set of battery control modules 1 10 communicatively connected to the rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • each of the second portable power storage devices 100B does not include any battery management module 1 12.
  • the battery management module 1 12 of the first portable power storage device 100A is communicatively connected to the battery control modules 1 10 for balancing the states of the rechargeable battery modules 108 during charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • each portable power storage device 100A / 100B optionally includes a fan module 122 removably mounted to the respective housing body 102 for charging and/or cooling the respective rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the power storage system 200 optionally includes a charger module 120 connectable to a power source for charging the rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the charger module 120 may be disposed in a third portable power storage device 100C that is connected to the other portable power storage devices 100A and 100B, as shown in Figure 2A.
  • the power source is a power or electric generator 300.
  • the plurality of second portable power storage devices 100B including the rechargeable battery modules 108 are mounted on the power generator 300 which supplies power to charge the rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the power source may be or part of a solar grid that charges the rechargeable battery modules 108 from solar power.
  • Each housing body 102 of the first portable power storage device 100A and second portable power storage devices 100B includes a frame structure 1 14 for slideably mounting the respective portable power storage device 100A / 100B.
  • the power storage system 200 includes a locking mechanism for securing the housing bodies 102, such as at the exterior casings 104 and/or frame structures 1 14, to one another.
  • the portable power storage devices 100A and 100B may be arranged adjacently or side-by-side, and the housing bodies 102 are adjacently secured to one another in this arrangement by the locking mechanism.
  • the locking mechanism may include suitable couplings or attachments between the housing bodies 102.
  • the power storage system 200B including a first portable power storage device 100A and a set of second portable power storage devices 100B.
  • the first portable power storage device 100A includes the housing body 102, set of rechargeable battery modules 108, set of battery control modules 1 10, and battery management module 1 12.
  • Each of the second portable power storage devices 100B includes the housing body 102, set of rechargeable battery modules 108, set of battery control modules 1 10, but excludes any battery management module 1 12.
  • the battery management module 1 12 functions as a global battery management system for all of the rechargeable battery modules 108
  • the first portable power storage device 100A is known as the master power storage device 100A. Consequently, the second portable power storage devices 100B are known as the slave power storage devices 100B.
  • the power storage system 200B includes a third portable power storage device 100C having a charger module 120 disposed therein for charging the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • Electrical cables / wires 204 and data communication cables / wires 206 connect various power storage devices and modules thereof of the power storage system 200B.
  • the power storage system 200B is connected to an external system or application load 202 that discharges the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the application load 202 may be an electric vehicle and the various devices and modules may be communicatively connected by a vehicle bus network 208. It will be appreciated that the connections of the cables / wires 204 / 206 are readily understood by the skilled person.
  • the power storage system 200B is operative to perform a method 400 of controlling power consumption of a plurality of portable power storage devices, specifically the master and slave power storage devices 100A and 100B.
  • the method 400 may be performed during charging or discharging of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the method 400 includes a step 402 of monitoring, for each of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108, a state of the rechargeable battery module 108, said monitoring performed by a battery control module 1 10 communicatively connected to the respective rechargeable battery module 108.
  • the method 400 further includes a step 404 of balancing, by the master battery management module 1 12 communicatively connected to the master and slave battery control modules 1 10, the states of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108 during charging or discharging of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the charger module 120 is connectable to a power source for charging the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108. Suitable cables connect the power source to sockets 126 of the third portable power storage device 100C.
  • the power source is an AC power outlet.
  • the charger module 120 may include a step-up transformer that is able to multiply the power extracted from the AC power outlet.
  • the charger module 120 may include a rectifier with diodes that converts the AC current into a DC current by allowing one- directional current flow to the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the rectifier may include one or more of, but not limited to, vacuum tube diodes, semiconductor diodes, and mercury-arc valves, as will be readily understood by the skilled person.
  • the power source is a power or electric generator 300, such as shown in Figure 3.
  • the master and slave battery control modules 1 10 monitor the state of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108 and communicate the state data to the master battery management module 1 12. Specifically, the battery control modules 1 10 monitor the states of charge of the rechargeable battery modules 108. The state of charge is measured in percentage points wherein 0% means that the rechargeable battery module 108 is empty or has zero remaining capacity while 100% means that the rechargeable battery module 108 is at full capacity. Based on the states of charge of the rechargeable battery modules 108, the master battery management module 1 12 balances the states of charge to substantially distribute power storage equally among the rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the master battery management module 1 12 activates the charger module 120 and causes current flow from the power source to the rechargeable battery modules 108. Once the states of charge of the rechargeable battery modules 108 reaches 100%, the master battery management module 1 12 deactivates the charger module 120 and terminates the current flow. Activation and deactivation of the charger module 120 may be performed by a relay circuit. Specifically, the charger module 120 is activated by closing the relay to form a closed circuit and is deactivated by opening the relay to break the circuit.
  • the master battery management module 1 12 and battery control units 1 10 control the current flow to the rechargeable battery modules 108 such that more current flows to the rechargeable battery modules 108 with lower states of charge to charge them quicker.
  • the amount of current flowing to a rechargeable battery module 108 is thus dependent on its current state of charge as monitored by the respective battery control module 1 10. This balances the charging of all the rechargeable battery modules 108 and improves the overall charging efficiency as all the rechargeable battery modules 108 can be charged fully at a faster rate.
  • the master battery management module 1 12 may reject and isolate the rechargeable battery module 108 from being charged. This is to mitigate risk of damaging the other rechargeable battery modules 108 which are being charged.
  • the power storage system 200B is connected to the application load 202 which is an electric vehicle having a motor.
  • the power storage system 200B is installed in the electric vehicle for powering the motor.
  • the master power storage device 100A includes the master battery management module 1 12 operative as a motor controller for the electric vehicle motor for regulating discharging of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108 to the electric vehicle motor.
  • the master and slave battery control modules 1 10 and master battery management module 1 12 are communicatively connected by the vehicle bus network 208.
  • the master battery management module 1 12 is communicable with the electric vehicle motor via the vehicle bus network 208.
  • the vehicle bus network 208 may be based on the CAN bus standard which allows data exchange for module-to-module and module-to-vehicle communications.
  • the master battery management module 1 12 initiates bidirectional data communication with the battery control units 1 10, allowing battery capacity data to be read by the master battery management module 1 12.
  • the master battery management module 1 12 also initiates bidirectional data communication with the electric vehicle motor so as to relay data on the states of the rechargeable battery modules 108, specifically the states of charge, to an onboard display of the electric vehicle while receiving instructions from an onboard processor of the electric vehicle.
  • the instructions received by the master battery management module 1 12 are based on signals provided by the driver of the electric vehicle which determine the power required by the electric vehicle motor.
  • the master battery management module 1 12 then instructs the battery control units 1 10 to control the discharging rate of the rechargeable battery modules 108 to the electric vehicle motor so as to balance them as a whole.
  • the master battery management module 1 12 is operative as a motor controller for regulating said discharging of the rechargeable battery modules 108 to the electric vehicle motor. Based on the states of charge of the rechargeable battery modules 108, the master battery management module 1 12 balances the states of charge to substantially distribute power consumption equally among the rechargeable battery modules 108. In this way, the master battery management module 1 12 governs the performance of the electric vehicle motor in a predetermined configuration, thereby mitigating risks of the electric vehicle motor being overloaded or becoming faulty / damaged.
  • the master battery management module 1 12 deactivates said rechargeable battery modules 108 and terminates current flow discharged from said rechargeable battery modules 108 to the electric vehicle motor.
  • the states of charge of the rechargeable battery modules 108 vary between 0% and 100%, the master battery management module 1 12 and battery control units 1 10 control the current flow discharged from the rechargeable battery modules 108 such that more current is discharged from the rechargeable battery modules 108 with higher states of charge to power the electric vehicle motor.
  • the amount of current discharged from a rechargeable battery module 108 is thus dependent on its current state of charge as monitored by the respective battery control module 1 10. This balances the power consumption of all the rechargeable battery modules 108 and improves the overall consumption efficiency as none of the rechargeable battery modules 108 are subject to higher loads compared to the others.
  • the master battery management module 1 12 may reject and isolate the faulty rechargeable battery module 108 from being discharged. This is to mitigate risk of damaging the other rechargeable battery modules 108 which are being discharged to power the electric vehicle motor.
  • the master battery management module 1 12 balances the states of charge to substantially distribute power storage or consumption equally among the rechargeable battery modules 108 during charging or discharging, respectively. Such balancing results substantially equal loading on the rechargeable battery modules 108 and enhances the charge cycle life and life span of the rechargeable battery modules 108. This mitigates the risk of inconsistent or varying rate of deterioration of the rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • portable power storage described in various embodiments herein is in the form of modular battery packs that may be singular, e.g. the portable power storage device 100, or in multiples, e.g. the power storage system 200A / 200B.
  • the portable power storage manages balancing of loads on the rechargeable battery modules 108 using the battery management module 1 12, prolonging the lifespan of the rechargeable battery modules 108.
  • the portable power storage is useable as a portable and rechargeable power supply for various electric equipment / systems / devices such as electric vehicles.
  • the power storage system 200A / 200B functions as a modular power train for an electric vehicle to power its motor as well as its onboard control and management systems.
  • additional slave power storage devices 100B can be added in series to the power storage system 200B.
  • the modularity of the power storage system 200A / 200B enables electrical power to be stored in standard-sized units similar to alkaline batteries utilized in portable devices.
  • the portable power storage can be used for an external system or application load, such as the electric vehicle.
  • the external system or application load is not limited to electric vehicles, and may include other systems / loads that consume power / electricity, such as various industrial / commercial apparatuses and equipment.
  • Some other non-limiting examples include using the portable power storage as a power generator storage system, an Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS) for residential or commercial use, power storage for renewable energy sources, and fast deployment, emergency power supply in remote areas.
  • the portable power storage can also be used in the form of a portable swappable power bank for electrical tools in industrial work. Workers can strap on a portable power storage device 100 and connect electrical tools to it when needed without having to drag cables or diesel generators around.

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Abstract

An aspect of the present disclosure describes a portable power storage device comprising a housing body comprising a set of mounting positions; a set of rechargeable battery modules removably mounted to the housing body at the mounting positions; a set of battery control modules disposed in the housing body, each battery control module communicatively connected to a rechargeable battery module for monitoring a state of the rechargeable battery module; and a battery management module disposed in the housing body and communicatively connected to the battery control modules for balancing the states of the rechargeable battery modules during charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery modules.

Description

PORTABLE POWER STORAGE
Technical Field The present disclosure generally relates to portable power storage. More particularly, the present disclosure describes various embodiments of a portable power storage device, power storage systems comprising a plurality of the portable power storage devices, and a method of controlling power consumption of the portable power storage devices.
Background
Electric vehicles use electric motors instead of internal combustion engines for propulsion, and the electric motors are powered by a battery pack installed or mounted in the electric vehicles. Electric-vehicle batteries in the battery pack are usually rechargeable, and the battery pack is usually small and light to reduce the weight of the electric vehicle and improve its performance. The range of the electric vehicle is limited by the overall capacity of the batteries which is predefined by the technical specification of the batteries. The user of the electric vehicle may feel restricted or bounded by the limited capacity of the battery pack. Another problem with such battery pack is that if the battery pack has multiple batteries and one of them is damaged, the overall efficiency of the battery pack would be reduced and compromise on the performance of the electric vehicle. The user would likely need to replace the entire battery pack if a battery is damaged or has reached the end of its lifespan.
Therefore, in order to address or alleviate at least one of the aforementioned problems and/or disadvantages, there is a need to provide improved portable power storage.
Summary According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is a portable power storage device comprising a housing body comprising a set of mounting positions; a set of rechargeable battery modules removably mounted to the housing body at the mounting positions; a set of battery control modules disposed in the housing body, each battery control module communicatively connected to a rechargeable battery module for monitoring a state of the rechargeable battery module; and a battery management module disposed in the housing body and communicatively connected to the battery control modules for balancing the states of the rechargeable battery modules during charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery modules.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is a power storage system comprising a battery management module; and a set of portable power storage devices. Each portable power storage device comprises a housing body comprising a set of mounting positions; a set of rechargeable battery modules removably mounted to the housing body at the mounting positions; and a set of battery control modules disposed in the housing body, each battery control module communicatively connected to a rechargeable battery module for monitoring a state of the rechargeable battery module, wherein the battery management module is communicatively connected to the battery control modules for balancing the states of the rechargeable battery modules during charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery modules.
According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is a power storage system comprising a plurality of portable power storage devices comprising a master power storage device and a set of slave power storage devices. Each slave power storage device comprises a slave housing body comprising a set of mounting positions; a set of slave rechargeable battery modules removably mounted to the slave housing body; a set of slave battery control modules disposed in the slave housing body, each slave battery control module communicatively connected to a slave rechargeable battery module for monitoring a state of the slave rechargeable battery module. The master power storage device comprises: a master housing body comprising a set of mounting positions; a set of master rechargeable battery modules removably mounted to the master housing body; a set of master battery control modules disposed in the master housing body, each mater battery control module communicatively connected to a master rechargeable battery module for monitoring a state of the master rechargeable battery module; and a master battery management module disposed in the master housing body, wherein the master battery management module is communicatively connected to the master and slave battery control modules for balancing the states of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules during charging or discharging of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules. According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is a method of controlling power consumption of a plurality of portable power storage devices, each portable storage device comprising a set of removably mounted rechargeable battery module. The method comprises monitoring, for each rechargeable battery module, a state of the rechargeable battery module, said monitoring performed by a battery control module communicatively connected to the respective rechargeable battery module; and balancing, by a battery management module communicatively connected to the battery control modules, the states of the rechargeable battery modules during charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery modules. An advantage of one or more of the above aspects of the present disclosure is that the battery management module balances the states of the rechargeable battery modules to substantially distribute power storage or consumption equally among the rechargeable battery modules during charging or discharging, respectively. Such balancing results substantially equal loading on the rechargeable battery modules and mitigates the risk of inconsistent deterioration of the rechargeable battery modules.
Portable power storage according to the present disclosure is thus disclosed herein. Various features, aspects, and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, by way of non-limiting examples only, along with the accompanying drawings. Brief Description of the Drawings
Figure 1A to Figure 1 F illustrate various exterior and interior views of a portable power storage device in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
Figure 2A illustrates a schematic of a power storage system in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
Figure 2B illustrates a schematic of a power storage system with an application load, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
Figure 3 illustrates a power storage system with a power generator, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 illustrates a flowchart of a method of controlling power consumption of a plurality of portable power storage devices view, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In the present disclosure, depiction of a given element or consideration or use of a particular element number in a particular figure or a reference thereto in corresponding descriptive material can encompass the same, an equivalent, or an analogous element or element number identified in another figure or descriptive material associated therewith. The use of 7" in a figure or associated text is understood to mean "and/or" unless otherwise indicated. As used herein, the term "set" corresponds to or is defined as a non-empty finite organization of elements that mathematically exhibits a cardinality of at least one (e.g. a set as defined herein can correspond to a unit, singlet, or single element set, or a multiple element set), in accordance with known mathematical definitions. The recitation of a particular numerical value or value range herein is understood to include or be a recitation of an approximate numerical value or value range. For purposes of brevity and clarity, descriptions of embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to portable power storage, in accordance with the drawings. While aspects of the present disclosure will be described in conjunction with the embodiments provided herein, it will be understood that they are not intended to limit the present disclosure to these embodiments. On the contrary, the present disclosure is intended to cover alternatives, modifications and equivalents to the embodiments described herein, which are included within the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in the following detailed description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be recognized by an individual having ordinary skill in the art, i.e. a skilled person, that the present disclosure may be practiced without specific details, and/or with multiple details arising from combinations of aspects of particular embodiments. In a number of instances, well- known systems, methods, procedures, and components have not been described in detail so as to not unnecessarily obscure aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
References to "an embodiment / example", "another embodiment / example", "some embodiments / examples", "some other embodiments / examples", and so on, indicate that the embodiment(s) / example(s) so described may include a particular feature, structure, characteristic, property, element, or limitation, but that not every embodiment / example necessarily includes that particular feature, structure, characteristic, property, element or limitation. Furthermore, repeated use of the phrase "in an embodiment / example" or "in another embodiment / example" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / example.
In representative or exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, there is a portable power storage device 100 as illustrated in Figure 1A to Figure 1 F. Particularly, Figures 1A to Figure 1 F illustrate various exterior and interior views of the portable power storage device 100 according to various embodiments. It will be appreciated that the positions of various components / parts of the portable power storage device 100 are adjustable / repositionable, among a variety of other changes and/or modifications appreciable by the skilled person, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
The portable power storage device 100 is easily transportable by one or a few persons for installation, repair, and/or replacement. For example, the portable power storage device 100 is sufficiently lightweight to facilitate portability / transportability. The portable power storage device 100 includes a housing body 102 that may include removable / openable exterior casing 104 to allow a user to access the interior of the housing body 102.
The housing body 102 includes a set of mounting positions 106 for mounting various components or modules in the housing body 102. The mounting positions 106 may be arranged in the form of an array, such as a matrix or grid of rows and columns. A component or module may fit into one or more of the mounting positions 106 in the array, depending on the dimensions / size of the module. This provides flexibility to the user in mounting different modules of different sizes in the housing body 102 and at different mounting positions 106. Accordingly, the modules can be mounted at selectable mounting positions 106 of the housing body 102. The mounting positions 106 may include receptacles, indentations, or recesses that allow the modules to be installed or mounted, such as by snap-fitting. Suitable guiding parts, such as slots or grooves, may be provided to facilitate said mounting of the modules. Optionally, the modules may be securable to the mounting positions 106 by mechanical fasteners such as screws. The portable power storage device 100 includes a set of rechargeable battery modules 108 removably mounted to the housing body 102 at the mounting positions 106. Specifically, one or more rechargeable battery modules 108 are removably mounted at selectable mounting positions 106 of the housing body 102. The rechargeable battery modules 108 are designed to be modular such that each battery module can be easily replaced from the housing body 102, and more rechargeable battery modules 108 can be added adjacently to other rechargeable battery modules 108 in the housing body 102 to increase the overall battery capacity of the portable power storage device 100. The rechargeable battery modules 108 are useable in electric vehicles. The rechargeable battery modules 108 have relatively high power-to-weight ratio, and are smaller and lighter to reduce the weight of the electric vehicle, thereby improving the performance of the electric vehicle. A rechargeable battery module 108 may be a deep-cycle battery such as of the lead- acid type. Alternatively, a rechargeable battery module 108 may be of the lithium-ion type which has higher power density and longer life span than most other types of batteries. It will be appreciated by the skilled person that the rechargeable battery modules 108 may be of other types, such as nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, lithium-ion polymer, zinc-air, and molten-salt.
The portable power storage device 100 further includes a set of battery control modules 1 10 disposed in the housing body 102. Each battery control module 1 10 is communicatively connected to a rechargeable battery module 108 for monitoring a state of the rechargeable battery module 108. Specifically, every rechargeable battery module 108 is paired with and communicatively connected to one battery control module 1 10 for monitoring of the state of the rechargeable battery module 108. Each rechargeable battery module 108 or battery control module 1 10 may include a switch for activating / deactivating the rechargeable battery module 108. For example, if the portable power storage device 100 has multiple rechargeable battery modules 108, the switches may be operated for selective activation / deactivation of one or more of the rechargeable battery modules 108. Particularly, a rechargeable battery module 108 may be deactivated if it is faulty to mitigate risk of damaging the other rechargeable battery modules 108. In one embodiment, a battery control module 1 10 is internal / integrated within and communicatively connected to a rechargeable battery module 108. In another embodiment, a battery control module 1 10 is external to / separate from, but communicatively connected to, a rechargeable battery module 108. The battery control module 1 10 may be designed to be modular such that the battery control module 1 10 can be easily replaced from the housing body 102, and more battery control modules 1 10 can be added to complement additional rechargeable battery modules 108. For example, the battery control module 1 10 is in the form of a circuit board removably mounted at selectable mounting positions 106 of the housing body 102.
The states of the rechargeable battery modules 108 may relate to one or more of voltage, current, temperature, state of charge, state of health, and state of power thereof. The state of charge, or depth of discharge, indicates the charge level of the rechargeable battery module 108; the state of health indicates the remaining capacity of the rechargeable battery module 108 relative to its original capacity; and the state of power indicates the amount of power available for a defined time interval.
The portable power storage device 100 further includes a battery management module 1 12 disposed in the housing body 102. The battery management module 1 12 is communicatively connected to the battery control modules for balancing the states of the rechargeable battery modules 108 during charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery modules 108. Notably, the rechargeable battery modules 108 are charging when they are electrically connected to a power source or supply, and the rechargeable battery modules 108 are discharging when they are electrically connected to an external system or application load, such as the electric vehicle. It will be appreciated that the external system or application load is not limited to electric vehicles, and may include other systems / loads that consume power / electricity, such as various industrial / commercial apparatuses and equipment. The battery management module 1 12 may be designed to be modular such that it can be easily replaced from the housing body 102. For example, the battery management module 1 12 is in the form of a circuit board removably mounted at selectable mounting positions 106 of the housing body 102.
The battery control modules 1 10 function as a local battery management system for each of the rechargeable battery modules 108, while the battery management module 1 12 functions as a global battery management system for all of the rechargeable battery modules 108. The battery control modules 1 10 monitor the state of the rechargeable battery modules 108 and communicate the state data to the battery management module 1 12. Based on the states of the rechargeable battery modules 108, the battery management module 1 12 balances the states to substantially distribute power storage or consumption equally among the rechargeable battery modules 108 during charging or discharging, respectively. In many embodiments, the battery control modules 1 10 monitor the states of charge of the rechargeable battery modules 108, and the battery management module 1 12 balances the states of charge of the rechargeable battery modules 108. Such balancing results substantially equal loading on the rechargeable battery modules 108 and enhances the charge cycle life and life span of the rechargeable battery modules 108. This mitigates the risk inconsistent deterioration of the rechargeable battery modules 108, such as one of the rechargeable battery modules 108 deteriorating quicker than the other rechargeable battery modules 108, if multiple rechargeable battery modules 108 are used in the portable power storage device 100.
In some embodiments as shown in Figure 1 B, the housing body 102 is elongated such that the battery modules the rechargeable battery modules 108, battery control modules 1 10, and battery management module 1 12 are arranged along a longitudinal direction of the housing body 102, i.e. along the length of the housing body 102. For example, the housing body 102 may have a rectangular shape or profile. Furthermore, the housing body 102 may be lengthened to accommodate additional modules, such as more rechargeable battery modules 108 and battery control modules 1 10 to increase the overall battery capacity of the portable power storage device 100.
In some embodiments as shown in Figure 1A, the housing body 102 includes a frame structure 1 14 for slideably mounting the portable power storage device 100. The frame structure or rack 1 14 allows the portable power storage device 100 to be mounted to and extracted from another body, such as an electric vehicle. For example, the portable power storage device 100 can be extracted from the electric vehicle by sliding out the frame structure 1 14, such as for repairing / replacing of one or more rechargeable battery modules 108. The frame structure 1 14 may be formed of extruded parts, such as hollow tubular parts, to reduce the material required and weight contribution to the portable power storage device 100. Additionally, by extruding the frame structure 1 14, the length of the housing body 102 can be extended to accommodate more modules, such as more rechargeable battery modules 108 to increase the overall battery capacity. The material of the frame structure 1 14 may be a lightweight one, such as aluminum although other materials may be contemplated by the skilled person. The frame structure 1 14 may include sliding guide rails 1 16 to facilitate the sliding action on the frame structure 1 14. The frame structure 1 14 may further include handles or grips 1 18 that allow the user to grip the frame structure 1 14 for the sliding action. The handles 1 18 may be disposed at end portions of the frame structure 1 14 and/or a bottom portion of the frame structure 1 14. The housing body 102 including the frame structure 1 14 is cased within the exterior casing 104, thereby protecting the rechargeable battery modules 108, battery control modules 1 10, and battery management module 1 12 mounted to the housing body 102 from damage.
The portable power storage device 100 optionally includes a charger module 120 and/or a fan module 122 removably mounted to the housing body 102. Specifically, the charger module 120 / fan module 122 is removably mounted at selectable mounting positions 106 of the housing body 102. The charger module 120 is connectable to a power source for charging the rechargeable battery modules 108. The fan module 122 is arranged for cooling the rechargeable battery modules 108. The fan module 122 may be arranged at an end portion of the housing body 102 as shown in Figure 1 B or above the rechargeable battery modules 108 as shown in Figure 1 D. When the rechargeable battery modules 108 are being charging / discharging, they heat up and their efficiency is reduced if they are not cooled sufficiently. The fan module 122 generates air flow around the rechargeable battery modules 108 to facilitate cooling of the rechargeable battery modules 108 and maintain their optimal efficiency. Particularly, lithium-ion type rechargeable battery modules 108 should be used within safe temperatures in order to operate safely and efficiently. In some embodiments, the portable power storage device 100 includes a user interface 124 disposed on a top portion of the housing body 102. The user interface 124 includes one or more sets of sockets / ports 126 for facilitating data and/or electrical communication. One or more sets of sockets / ports 126 may additionally or alternatively be disposed on an end portion of the housing body 102. Suitable cables may be connected from the sockets 126 of the portable power storage device 100 to a power source or application load for data / electrical communication during charging or discharging the rechargeable battery modules 108, respectively. It will be appreciated by the skilled person that the cables are suitable for bidirectional current flow - charging and discharging - but only current flow in one direction is permitted at any one time. Suitable cables may also be connected among the sockets 126 of a plurality of portable power storage devices 100 and to the power source / application load for data / electrical communication through the cables.
The user interface 124 may be in the form of a user control panel that includes input components for controlling various operations of the portable power storage device 100, such as activating / deactivating the rechargeable battery modules 108. The user interface 124 may optionally include a display panel / screen for displaying visual indicators to the user, such as the states of the rechargeable battery modules 108.
In one embodiment, the portable power storage device 100 is installed in an electric vehicle for powering a motor of the electric vehicle. The battery management module 1 12 may be operative as a motor controller, such as shown in Figure 1 E, for regulating said discharging of the rechargeable battery modules 108 to the electric vehicle motor. The battery management module 1 12 thus governs the performance of the electric vehicle motor in a predetermined configuration, thereby mitigating risks of the electric vehicle motor being overloaded or becoming faulty / damaged. The battery control modules 1 10 and battery management module 1 12 may be communicatively connected by a vehicle bus network. The electric vehicle motor is connectable to and communicable with the battery management module 1 12 via the vehicle bus network which is a specialized internal communications network for vehicles. The vehicle bus network may be based on various standards, such as the Controller Area Network (CAN bus) standard, as will be readily understood by the skilled person. In various embodiments as shown in Figure 2A, there is power storage system 200A including a first portable power storage device 100A and a set of second portable power storage devices 100B. In one embodiment as shown in Figure 2A, the first portable power storage device 100A includes a housing body 102 and a battery management module 1 12 disposed in the housing body 102. In another embodiment, the first portable power storage device 100A optionally includes a set of rechargeable battery modules 108 removably mounted to the housing body 102 and a set of battery control modules 1 10 communicatively connected to the rechargeable battery modules 108. Each of the plurality of second portable power storage devices 100B includes a housing body 102, a set of rechargeable battery modules 108 removably mounted to the housing body 102, and a set of battery control modules 1 10 communicatively connected to the rechargeable battery modules 108. Specifically, unlike the first portable power storage device 100A, each of the second portable power storage devices 100B does not include any battery management module 1 12. The battery management module 1 12 of the first portable power storage device 100A is communicatively connected to the battery control modules 1 10 for balancing the states of the rechargeable battery modules 108 during charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery modules 108. For purpose of brevity, it will be appreciated that the various aspects of the portable power storage device 100 described above with reference to Figure 1A to Figure 1 F apply similarly or analogous to the first portable power storage device 100A and second portable power storage devices 100B with reference to Figure 2A. For example, each portable power storage device 100A / 100B optionally includes a fan module 122 removably mounted to the respective housing body 102 for charging and/or cooling the respective rechargeable battery modules 108. The power storage system 200 optionally includes a charger module 120 connectable to a power source for charging the rechargeable battery modules 108. The charger module 120 may be disposed in a third portable power storage device 100C that is connected to the other portable power storage devices 100A and 100B, as shown in Figure 2A.
In one embodiment with reference to Figure 3, the power source is a power or electric generator 300. The plurality of second portable power storage devices 100B including the rechargeable battery modules 108 are mounted on the power generator 300 which supplies power to charge the rechargeable battery modules 108. In another embodiment, the power source may be or part of a solar grid that charges the rechargeable battery modules 108 from solar power.
Each housing body 102 of the first portable power storage device 100A and second portable power storage devices 100B includes a frame structure 1 14 for slideably mounting the respective portable power storage device 100A / 100B. Additionally, the power storage system 200 includes a locking mechanism for securing the housing bodies 102, such as at the exterior casings 104 and/or frame structures 1 14, to one another. For example, the portable power storage devices 100A and 100B may be arranged adjacently or side-by-side, and the housing bodies 102 are adjacently secured to one another in this arrangement by the locking mechanism. The locking mechanism may include suitable couplings or attachments between the housing bodies 102.
In various embodiments as shown in Figure 2B, there is power storage system 200B including a first portable power storage device 100A and a set of second portable power storage devices 100B. The first portable power storage device 100A includes the housing body 102, set of rechargeable battery modules 108, set of battery control modules 1 10, and battery management module 1 12. Each of the second portable power storage devices 100B includes the housing body 102, set of rechargeable battery modules 108, set of battery control modules 1 10, but excludes any battery management module 1 12. As the battery management module 1 12 functions as a global battery management system for all of the rechargeable battery modules 108, the first portable power storage device 100A is known as the master power storage device 100A. Consequently, the second portable power storage devices 100B are known as the slave power storage devices 100B. For purpose of clarity, the terms of various modules in the master power storage device 100A and slave power storage devices 100B may be prefixed by "master" and "slave", respectively. The power storage system 200B includes a third portable power storage device 100C having a charger module 120 disposed therein for charging the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108. Electrical cables / wires 204 and data communication cables / wires 206 connect various power storage devices and modules thereof of the power storage system 200B. In some embodiments, the power storage system 200B is connected to an external system or application load 202 that discharges the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108. The application load 202 may be an electric vehicle and the various devices and modules may be communicatively connected by a vehicle bus network 208. It will be appreciated that the connections of the cables / wires 204 / 206 are readily understood by the skilled person.
In various embodiments with reference to Figure 4, the power storage system 200B is operative to perform a method 400 of controlling power consumption of a plurality of portable power storage devices, specifically the master and slave power storage devices 100A and 100B. The method 400 may be performed during charging or discharging of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108. The method 400 includes a step 402 of monitoring, for each of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108, a state of the rechargeable battery module 108, said monitoring performed by a battery control module 1 10 communicatively connected to the respective rechargeable battery module 108. The method 400 further includes a step 404 of balancing, by the master battery management module 1 12 communicatively connected to the master and slave battery control modules 1 10, the states of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108 during charging or discharging of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108.
In some embodiments, the charger module 120 is connectable to a power source for charging the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108. Suitable cables connect the power source to sockets 126 of the third portable power storage device 100C. In one embodiment, the power source is an AC power outlet. The charger module 120 may include a step-up transformer that is able to multiply the power extracted from the AC power outlet. The charger module 120 may include a rectifier with diodes that converts the AC current into a DC current by allowing one- directional current flow to the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108. The rectifier may include one or more of, but not limited to, vacuum tube diodes, semiconductor diodes, and mercury-arc valves, as will be readily understood by the skilled person. In another embodiment, the power source is a power or electric generator 300, such as shown in Figure 3.
During charging, the master and slave battery control modules 1 10 monitor the state of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108 and communicate the state data to the master battery management module 1 12. Specifically, the battery control modules 1 10 monitor the states of charge of the rechargeable battery modules 108. The state of charge is measured in percentage points wherein 0% means that the rechargeable battery module 108 is empty or has zero remaining capacity while 100% means that the rechargeable battery module 108 is at full capacity. Based on the states of charge of the rechargeable battery modules 108, the master battery management module 1 12 balances the states of charge to substantially distribute power storage equally among the rechargeable battery modules 108.
In one example, if the state of charge of one or more rechargeable battery modules 108 falls below 100%, the master battery management module 1 12 activates the charger module 120 and causes current flow from the power source to the rechargeable battery modules 108. Once the states of charge of the rechargeable battery modules 108 reaches 100%, the master battery management module 1 12 deactivates the charger module 120 and terminates the current flow. Activation and deactivation of the charger module 120 may be performed by a relay circuit. Specifically, the charger module 120 is activated by closing the relay to form a closed circuit and is deactivated by opening the relay to break the circuit. In another example, if the states of charge of the rechargeable battery modules 108 vary between 0% and 100%, the master battery management module 1 12 and battery control units 1 10 control the current flow to the rechargeable battery modules 108 such that more current flows to the rechargeable battery modules 108 with lower states of charge to charge them quicker. The amount of current flowing to a rechargeable battery module 108 is thus dependent on its current state of charge as monitored by the respective battery control module 1 10. This balances the charging of all the rechargeable battery modules 108 and improves the overall charging efficiency as all the rechargeable battery modules 108 can be charged fully at a faster rate.
In another example, if a rechargeable battery module 108 with very low state of charge or irreparably damaged is mounted, the master battery management module 1 12 may reject and isolate the rechargeable battery module 108 from being charged. This is to mitigate risk of damaging the other rechargeable battery modules 108 which are being charged.
In some embodiments, the power storage system 200B is connected to the application load 202 which is an electric vehicle having a motor. For example, the power storage system 200B is installed in the electric vehicle for powering the motor. The master power storage device 100A includes the master battery management module 1 12 operative as a motor controller for the electric vehicle motor for regulating discharging of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108 to the electric vehicle motor. The master and slave battery control modules 1 10 and master battery management module 1 12 are communicatively connected by the vehicle bus network 208. The master battery management module 1 12 is communicable with the electric vehicle motor via the vehicle bus network 208. The vehicle bus network 208 may be based on the CAN bus standard which allows data exchange for module-to-module and module-to-vehicle communications. Specifically, the master battery management module 1 12 initiates bidirectional data communication with the battery control units 1 10, allowing battery capacity data to be read by the master battery management module 1 12. The master battery management module 1 12 also initiates bidirectional data communication with the electric vehicle motor so as to relay data on the states of the rechargeable battery modules 108, specifically the states of charge, to an onboard display of the electric vehicle while receiving instructions from an onboard processor of the electric vehicle. The instructions received by the master battery management module 1 12 are based on signals provided by the driver of the electric vehicle which determine the power required by the electric vehicle motor. The master battery management module 1 12 then instructs the battery control units 1 10 to control the discharging rate of the rechargeable battery modules 108 to the electric vehicle motor so as to balance them as a whole. Thus, the master battery management module 1 12 is operative as a motor controller for regulating said discharging of the rechargeable battery modules 108 to the electric vehicle motor. Based on the states of charge of the rechargeable battery modules 108, the master battery management module 1 12 balances the states of charge to substantially distribute power consumption equally among the rechargeable battery modules 108. In this way, the master battery management module 1 12 governs the performance of the electric vehicle motor in a predetermined configuration, thereby mitigating risks of the electric vehicle motor being overloaded or becoming faulty / damaged. In one example, if the state of charge of one or more rechargeable battery modules 108 is significantly low, such as below 10%, the master battery management module 1 12 deactivates said rechargeable battery modules 108 and terminates current flow discharged from said rechargeable battery modules 108 to the electric vehicle motor. In another example, if the states of charge of the rechargeable battery modules 108 vary between 0% and 100%, the master battery management module 1 12 and battery control units 1 10 control the current flow discharged from the rechargeable battery modules 108 such that more current is discharged from the rechargeable battery modules 108 with higher states of charge to power the electric vehicle motor. The amount of current discharged from a rechargeable battery module 108 is thus dependent on its current state of charge as monitored by the respective battery control module 1 10. This balances the power consumption of all the rechargeable battery modules 108 and improves the overall consumption efficiency as none of the rechargeable battery modules 108 are subject to higher loads compared to the others.
In another example, if a rechargeable battery module 108 or a battery control unit 1 10 associated with one suddenly fails, the master battery management module 1 12 may reject and isolate the faulty rechargeable battery module 108 from being discharged. This is to mitigate risk of damaging the other rechargeable battery modules 108 which are being discharged to power the electric vehicle motor.
Therefore, based on the states of charge of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules 108, the master battery management module 1 12 balances the states of charge to substantially distribute power storage or consumption equally among the rechargeable battery modules 108 during charging or discharging, respectively. Such balancing results substantially equal loading on the rechargeable battery modules 108 and enhances the charge cycle life and life span of the rechargeable battery modules 108. This mitigates the risk of inconsistent or varying rate of deterioration of the rechargeable battery modules 108.
Accordingly, portable power storage described in various embodiments herein is in the form of modular battery packs that may be singular, e.g. the portable power storage device 100, or in multiples, e.g. the power storage system 200A / 200B. In addition to merely supplying battery power, the portable power storage manages balancing of loads on the rechargeable battery modules 108 using the battery management module 1 12, prolonging the lifespan of the rechargeable battery modules 108. The portable power storage is useable as a portable and rechargeable power supply for various electric equipment / systems / devices such as electric vehicles. The power storage system 200A / 200B functions as a modular power train for an electric vehicle to power its motor as well as its onboard control and management systems. If higher battery capacity is required such as for larger sized electric vehicles, additional slave power storage devices 100B can be added in series to the power storage system 200B. The modularity of the power storage system 200A / 200B enables electrical power to be stored in standard-sized units similar to alkaline batteries utilized in portable devices.
As described above, the portable power storage can be used for an external system or application load, such as the electric vehicle. It will be appreciated that the external system or application load is not limited to electric vehicles, and may include other systems / loads that consume power / electricity, such as various industrial / commercial apparatuses and equipment. Some other non-limiting examples include using the portable power storage as a power generator storage system, an Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS) for residential or commercial use, power storage for renewable energy sources, and fast deployment, emergency power supply in remote areas. The portable power storage can also be used in the form of a portable swappable power bank for electrical tools in industrial work. Workers can strap on a portable power storage device 100 and connect electrical tools to it when needed without having to drag cables or diesel generators around.
In the foregoing detailed description, embodiments of the present disclosure in relation to portable power storage are described with reference to the provided figures. The description of the various embodiments herein is not intended to call out or be limited only to specific or particular representations of the present disclosure, but merely to illustrate non-limiting examples of the present disclosure. The present disclosure serves to address at least one of the mentioned problems and issues associated with the prior art. Although only some embodiments of the present disclosure are disclosed herein, it will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art in view of this disclosure that a variety of changes and/or modifications can be made to the disclosed embodiments without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of the disclosure as well as the scope of the following claims is not limited to embodiments described herein.

Claims

Claims
1 . A portable power storage device comprising:
a housing body comprising a set of mounting positions;
a set of rechargeable battery modules removably mounted to the housing body at the mounting positions;
a set of battery control modules disposed in the housing body, each battery control module communicatively connected to a rechargeable battery module for monitoring a state of the rechargeable battery module; and
a battery management module disposed in the housing body and communicatively connected to the battery control modules for balancing the states of the rechargeable battery modules during charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery modules.
2. The portable power storage device according to claim 1 , wherein each rechargeable battery module is removably mounted at selectable mounting positions of the housing body.
3. The portable power storage device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mounting positions are arranged in an array.
4. The portable power storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the housing body is elongated such that the rechargeable battery modules, battery control modules, and battery management module are arranged along a longitudinal direction of the housing body.
5. The portable power storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the housing body comprising a frame structure for slideably mounting the portable power storage device.
6. The portable power storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the battery management module communicatively connected to a motor of an electric vehicle and operative for regulating said discharging of the rechargeable battery modules to the electric vehicle motor.
7. The portable power storage device according to claim 6, wherein the battery control modules and battery management module are communicatively connected by a vehicle bus network.
8. The portable power storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a charger module removably mounted to the housing body and connectable to a power source for charging the rechargeable battery modules.
9. The portable power storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a fan module removably mounted to the housing body, the fan module arranged for cooling the rechargeable battery modules.
10. A power storage system comprising:
a battery management module; and
a set of portable power storage devices, each portable power storage device comprising:
a housing body comprising a set of mounting positions;
a set of rechargeable battery modules removably mounted to the housing body at the mounting positions; and
a set of battery control modules disposed in the housing body, each battery control module communicatively connected rechargeable battery module for monitoring a state of the rechargeable battery module,
wherein the battery management module is communicatively connected to the battery control modules for balancing the states of the rechargeable battery modules during charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery modules.
1 1 . The power storage system according to claim 10, wherein for each portable power storage device, each rechargeable battery module is removably mounted at selectable mounting positions of the respective housing body.
12. The power storage system according to claim 10 or 1 1 , wherein the mounting positions of each housing body are arranged in an array.
13. The power storage system according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein each housing body comprises a frame structure for slideably mounting the respective portable power storage device.
14. The power storage system according to any one of claims 10 to 13, further comprising a locking mechanism for adjacently securing the portable power storage devices to one another.
15. The power storage system according to any one of claims 10 to 14, the battery management module communicatively connected to a motor of an electric vehicle and operative for regulating said discharging of the rechargeable battery modules to the electric vehicle motor.
16. The power storage system according to claim 15, wherein the battery management module and battery control modules are communicatively connected by a vehicle bus network.
17. The power storage system according to any one of claims 10 to 16, further comprising a charger module connectable to a power source for charging the rechargeable battery modules.
18. The power storage system according to any one of claims 10 to 17, each portable power storage device further comprising a fan module removably mounted to the respective housing body, the fan module arranged for cooling the respective rechargeable battery module.
19. A power storage system comprising:
a plurality of portable power storage devices comprising a master power storage device and a set of slave power storage devices;
each slave power storage device comprising:
a slave housing body comprising a set of mounting positions; a set of slave rechargeable battery modules removably mounted to the slave housing body;
a set of slave battery control modules disposed in the slave housing body, each slave battery control module communicatively connected to a slave rechargeable battery module for monitoring a state of the slave rechargeable battery module;
the master power storage device comprising:
a master housing body comprising a set of mounting positions; a set of master rechargeable battery modules removably mounted to the master housing body;
a set of master battery control modules disposed in the master housing body, each mater battery control module communicatively connected to a master rechargeable battery module for monitoring a state of the master rechargeable battery module; and
a master battery management module disposed in the master housing body,
wherein the master battery management module is communicatively connected to the master and slave battery control modules for balancing the states of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules during charging or discharging of the master and slave rechargeable battery modules.
20. A method of controlling power consumption of a plurality of portable power storage devices, each portable storage device comprising a set of removably mounted rechargeable battery modules, the method comprising:
monitoring, for each rechargeable battery module, a state of the rechargeable battery module, said monitoring performed by a battery control module communicatively connected to the respective rechargeable battery module; and balancing, by a battery management module communicatively connected to the battery control modules, the states of the rechargeable battery modules during charging or discharging of the rechargeable battery modules.
PCT/SG2018/050360 2017-07-20 2018-07-20 Portable power storage WO2019017847A1 (en)

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