JP2014003771A - Power-supply device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently output power stored in a plurality of battery blocks to a discharge line while resolving the unbalance of residual capacity of the battery blocks.SOLUTION: A power-supply device includes a plurality of power-supply units 1 connected in parallel between a charge line 3 and a discharge line 8, and controls the power-supply units 1 by a control circuit 2. Each power-supply unit 1 includes: a battery block 4 charged by power of the charge line 3; a charging circuit 5 for charging the battery block 4; an output circuit 6 for stabilizing and outputting an output voltage of the battery block 4; and a battery controller 7 for detecting residual capacity of the battery block 4 and for controlling the output circuit 6. The control circuit 2 identifies the output circuit 6 that is in an operating state by the residual capacity of the battery block 4. The output circuit 6 that is in the operating state stabilizes a voltage of the battery block 4 and outputs the voltage to the discharge line 8, whereas the output circuit 6 that is in a stop state stops discharging of the battery block 4 and outputs predetermined power from the battery block 4 of the power-supply unit 1 to the discharge line 8.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply device that stores a large amount of electric power and supplies the stored electric power to an external power supply line, and is mainly mounted on a large ship, and power is supplied to the power supply line of the ship in place of a generator during berthing. The present invention relates to a power supply device to be supplied.

  While the ship is anchored, the generator is driven by the engine to supply power from the generator to the power line. This ship must always operate an engine for driving a generator while anchored. An engine in an operating state not only generates noise in the surroundings but also exhausts exhaust gas, which adversely affects the surrounding environment. This problem can be solved by providing a battery that can be charged to the ship and supplying power from the battery to the power line at night to stop the engine. Since the power supply device used for this purpose needs to supply a large amount of power to the power line of the ship, it is necessary to increase the output voltage and the output current by connecting a large number of batteries in series or in parallel.

  In addition to power supply devices installed on large ships, large-capacity power supply devices are also available as power supply devices that store the generated power of natural energy such as solar cells and wind power generation and output it during peak hours in the daytime or at night. It has been put into practical use. This power supply device also has a structure in which a large number of batteries are connected in series or in parallel to increase output voltage and output current so that large power can be supplied to an external power supply line.

  In this type of power supply device, a plurality of batteries are connected in series or in parallel to form a battery block, and a plurality of battery blocks are connected in series or in parallel to further increase the output. Since the voltage of the battery decreases as it is discharged, this type of power supply device is provided with a DC / DC converter on the output side in order to stabilize the output voltage. This power supply device has a drawback that it cannot be used if a DC / DC converter fails or a battery block connected in series fails. This problem can be solved by a circuit configuration in which all the batteries are divided into a plurality of battery blocks and a DC / DC converter is individually connected to the output side of each battery block. (See Patent Documents 1 and 2)

JP 2008-131751 A JP 2010-233288 A

By the way, a power supply device in which a DC / DC converter is connected to the output side of each divided battery block and a plurality of battery blocks are connected in parallel via the DC / DC converter is repeatedly charged and discharged. Therefore, the remaining capacity of each battery block becomes unbalanced over time. The following can be considered as the cause of such an imbalance. Control system circuit leakage current variation in the battery system itself, current consumption during no load or operation of the DC / DC converter, variation in wiring resistance between individual battery systems and output terminals in large systems, charging・ Dispersion of discharge timing may be considered.
The unbalance of the remaining capacity causes the specific battery block to be overdischarged or overcharged to deteriorate the electric characteristics of the battery. This is because a battery block with a small remaining capacity is easily overdischarged, and a battery block with a large remaining capacity is easily overcharged.

  The battery block imbalance that occurs over time can be reduced by equalizing the discharge currents of all the battery blocks. However, even if all the battery blocks are discharged with the same current and charged, the battery block imbalance that occurs over time is not eliminated. This is clear from the fact that even when a plurality of batteries are connected in series and charged and discharged, the remaining capacity of each battery becomes unbalanced. The remaining capacity can be unbalanced in batteries that are charged and discharged with the same current because the electrical characteristics of all batteries cannot be made uniform, and external conditions such as the temperature of the charged and discharged batteries cannot be made uniform. is there.

  In order to eliminate the unbalance of the remaining capacity of the battery block, the battery block having a high remaining capacity is forcibly discharged by the discharge resistance. However, the power supply device with this circuit configuration is provided with a discharge resistor for discharging a battery block with a high remaining capacity, a discharge switch for discharging the battery block with this discharge resistor, and a control circuit for controlling the discharge switch on and off. It is necessary and the circuit configuration becomes complicated. Further, when a specific battery block is discharged with a discharge resistor, Joule heat is generated, and it is necessary to radiate it. Furthermore, since the battery block is discharged by the discharge resistor, there is also a problem that power stored in the battery block is consumed wastefully. Furthermore, there are disadvantages such as a large amount of power consumed to equalize the high-power battery blocks, large heat generation, difficulty in discharging, and large power consumption.

  The present invention has been developed for the purpose of solving the above drawbacks. An important object of the present invention is to efficiently eliminate the unbalance of the remaining capacity of a plurality of battery blocks with a simple circuit configuration, consume wasteful power for equalization, and generate Joule heat. It is desirable to provide a power supply device that can efficiently output power stored in all battery blocks to a discharge line.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

  In the power supply device of the present invention, a plurality of sets of power supply units 1 are connected in parallel between the charge line 3 and the discharge line 8, and each power supply unit 1 is controlled by the control circuit 2. Each power supply unit 1 includes a battery block 4 including a plurality of batteries charged with power input from the charging line 3, a charging circuit 5 that charges the battery block 4 with power input from the charging line 3, and a battery. An output circuit 6 that steps down or boosts the output voltage of the block 4 to stabilize and output the output voltage to a constant voltage, and a battery controller 7 that detects the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 and controls the output circuit 6 are provided. . The output circuit 6 of each power supply unit 1 is controlled by the battery controller 7 of each power supply unit 1, and the control circuit 2 operates in the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 of each power supply unit 1. 6 is specified. The output circuit 6 controlled to the operating state stabilizes the voltage of the battery block 4 to which the output circuit 6 is connected and outputs it to the discharge line 8, and discharges the battery block 4 connected to the output circuit 6 in the stopped state. Is stopped, and predetermined power is output from the battery block 4 of each power supply unit 1 to the discharge line 8.

  The above power supply units consume unnecessary power for equalization and generate Joule heat while efficiently solving the imbalance of the remaining capacity of the battery blocks installed in each power supply unit with a simple circuit configuration. The power stored in the battery blocks equipped in all power supply units can be efficiently output to the discharge line.

  FIG. 1 shows a state in which a power supply device in which 10 sets of power supply units are connected in parallel between a charging line and a discharging line discharges while equalizing the remaining capacity. In this power supply device, the rated output of the output circuit provided in each power supply unit is 10 kW, and the total output of the device is 100 kW. As shown in this figure, the No. 1 to No. 10 power supply units have the remaining capacity of the battery block as a value indicated by a bar graph in the figure. In this state, if the power consumption of the load connected to the discharge line is 20 KW to 30 KW, the control circuit sets the output circuits of the power supply units No 3, No 4, No 5 having a large remaining capacity of the battery block as operating states, Stop the output circuit of the power supply unit. In this state, the battery blocks of the power supply units No. 3, No. 4, and No. 5 are discharged, the remaining capacity decreases, and approaches the remaining capacity of other battery blocks.

  When the output circuits of the three power supply units No3, No4, and No5 are in the operating state, the power consumption of the load connected to the discharge line may exceed 30 kW of the total power of the rated output of the three sets of output circuits. . Since the output circuit has a peak power that can be instantaneously output is larger than the rated output, in this state, power of 30 KW or more is temporarily supplied to the load from the three sets of output circuits. The control circuit detects that the power consumption of the load exceeds 30 kW, and switches the output circuit to the operating state so as to increase the number of power supply units that can supply the power consumption. For example, when the power consumption of the load connected to the discharge line becomes 30 KW to 40 KW, the control circuit sets the output circuit of the battery block of No. 6 as the operating state in addition to the output circuits of the power supply units No. 3, No. 4 and No. 5. Power is supplied to the load from four sets of power supply units.

  As described above, the control circuit specifies the number of power supply units to be operated from the power consumption of the load, and the power supply unit equipped with the battery block having a large remaining capacity is determined from the specified number of power supply units. Selected in order. A battery block with a large remaining capacity is discharged and the remaining capacity gradually decreases. The remaining capacity is reduced, and the remaining capacity of the battery blocks of all power supply units is equalized within a predetermined range. In this state, the control circuit sets the output circuits of all the power supply units to the operating state and supplies power from all the battery blocks to the discharge lines.

In the power supply device of the present invention, the output circuit 6 can be a DC / DC converter 6A, and a DC / AC inverter 12 that converts direct current output from each power supply unit 1 into alternating current can be connected to the discharge line 8.
In this power supply device, each power supply unit converts the output of the battery block into a constant voltage direct current with a DC / DC converter and outputs it to a discharge line. The output of the battery block can be stabilized at a constant DC voltage. Therefore, each battery block can be discharged in a balanced manner and power can be supplied to the output side of the load.

In the power supply device of the present invention, the output circuit 6 can be a DC / AC inverter 6A. This power supply device can convert the direct current of the battery block 4 into an alternating current by the DC / AC inverter 6 </ b> A and output it to the discharge line 8 with each power supply unit 1.
In this power supply device, since the output circuit of the power supply unit converts the direct current of the battery block into alternating current and outputs it, the DC / DC converter that stabilizes and outputs the direct current voltage of the battery block is omitted, and the DC / AC inverter is The output of a plurality of battery blocks can be output as an alternating current to the discharge line.

  In the power supply device of the present invention, the battery controller 7 can detect the remaining capacity from either or both of the integrated value of the charge / discharge current of the battery and the battery voltage. A battery controller that detects the remaining capacity of the battery from the integrated value of the charge / discharge current of the battery can accurately detect the remaining capacity of the battery block. The battery controller that detects the remaining capacity from the battery voltage can detect the remaining capacity with a simple circuit configuration. Furthermore, the battery controller can detect the remaining capacity of the battery more accurately by calculating the integrated value of the charge / discharge current of the battery to detect the remaining capacity and correcting the calculated remaining capacity with the voltage of the battery.

In the power supply device of the present invention, the charging circuit 5 of the power supply unit 1 can be controlled by the control circuit 2. The control circuit 2 specifies the number of charging circuits 5 to be charged from the total charging power for charging the battery blocks 4 of the plurality of power supply units 1 and the remaining capacity of each battery block 4, and enters the charging state. The charging circuit 5 can charge the battery block 4 to which the charging circuit 5 is connected, and the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 of each power supply unit 1 can be charged while being equalized.
This power supply device can be charged while equalizing the remaining capacity of the battery block of each power supply unit by charging only the battery block of the power supply unit having a small remaining capacity.

  In the power supply device of the present invention, the battery constituting each battery block 4 can be any one of a lithium ion battery, a lithium polymer battery, and a nickel metal hydride battery. Lithium ion batteries and lithium polymer batteries are small, light and large in charge capacity. Nickel metal hydride batteries are characterized by being able to charge and discharge safely.

  The power supply device of the present invention is mounted on a ship and can supply power to the power supply line of the ship during berthing. A ship equipped with this power supply device has a feature that it is not necessary to drive a generator with an engine during berthing, the noise level of the engine during berth can be reduced, and exhaust gas can be eliminated.

  In the power supply device of the present invention, the rated output of the output circuit 6 can be set to 5 KW to 50 KW, and the total output output from each output circuit 6 to the output side can be set to 100 KW to 5000 KW. This power supply device can increase the total output with a plurality of power supply units.

  In the power supply device of the present invention, the power supply unit 1 can be 10 to 500 sets. This power supply device can be used for applications that require various large outputs by increasing the total output.

It is a bar graph which shows the state in which each power supply unit of the power supply device of this invention supplies electric power with a load, and equalizes remaining capacity. It is a block diagram of the power supply device concerning the Example of this invention. It is a block diagram of the power supply device concerning the other Example of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments described below exemplify a power supply device for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify the power supply device as follows. Further, in this specification, in order to facilitate understanding of the scope of claims, numbers corresponding to the members shown in the examples are indicated in the “claims” and “means for solving problems” sections. It is added to the members. However, the members shown in the claims are not limited to the members in the embodiments.

  Hereinafter, a power supply device mounted on a large vessel and supplying power to the power supply line of the vessel while anchored will be described in detail. However, the use of the power supply device of the present invention is not specified for a device mounted on a ship. It can be used for various applications with a large output, for example, an output of 10 KW or more, for example, a power supply device that stores generated power of natural energy such as solar cells or wind power generation and outputs it during peak hours in the daytime or at night .

  In the power supply device shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a plurality of sets of power supply units 1 are connected in parallel between the charge line 3 and the discharge line 8, and each power supply unit 1 is controlled by the control circuit 2. Each power supply unit 1 includes a battery block 4 composed of a plurality of batteries that are charged with power input from the charging line 3, a charging circuit 5 that charges the battery block 4 with power input from the charging line 3, and a battery. An output circuit 6 that steps down or boosts the output voltage of the block 4 to stabilize and output the output voltage to a constant voltage, and a battery controller that detects the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 and controls the charging circuit 5 and the output circuit 6 7. In this power supply apparatus, the output circuit 6 of each power supply unit 1 is controlled by the battery controller 7 of each power supply unit 1 and further controlled by the control circuit 2.

  The battery block 4 has a plurality (for example, 2 to 10) of battery modules (not shown) connected in series and / or in parallel. The battery module is formed by connecting a plurality of unit cells in series or parallel, or in series and parallel. For example, the battery module is composed of 100 to 500 unit cells. The battery block 4 has a plurality of battery modules connected in series to increase the output voltage. The battery block 4 can also increase the output current by connecting a plurality of battery modules in parallel. Further, the battery block 4 can connect a plurality of battery modules in series and in parallel to increase the output voltage and increase the output current. The battery module includes a plurality of rechargeable batteries. The battery is a lithium ion battery. However, the battery can be any rechargeable battery, such as a lithium polymer battery or a nickel metal hydride battery, instead of a lithium ion battery. The battery block 4 composed of a plurality of battery modules has an output voltage of 30 V to 100 V and a charging capacity of 5 Ah to 100 Ah, for example.

  The power supply device includes 10 to 500 sets of battery blocks 4. The power supply device can increase the total output by increasing the number of battery blocks 4. Therefore, the number of battery blocks 4 is specified to an optimum number in consideration of the required output. For example, a power supply device in which the rated output of one set of output circuits 6 is 10 kW includes 50 sets of battery blocks 4 and can have a total rated output of 500 kW.

  The charging circuit 5 charges the battery block 4 with electric power input from the charging line 3. The charging circuit 5 detects the full charge of the battery block 4 being charged and stops charging. The charging circuit 5 charges the batteries constituting the battery block 4 in an ideal state. For example, a charging circuit 5 of a battery block 4 made of a lithium ion battery or a lithium ion battery is fully charged by constant voltage / constant current charging, and a charging circuit of a battery block made of a nickel metal hydride battery is fully charged by constant current charging. Charge. The charging circuit 5 detects full charge of the battery block 4 and stops charging.

  Further, in the power supply apparatus shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the charging circuit 5 is controlled by the control circuit 2. This power supply device specifies the number of power supply units 1 to be charged from the total charge power for charging the battery blocks 4 of the plurality of power supply units 1 and the remaining capacity of each battery block 4, and charging to be in a charged state The circuit 5 charges the battery block 4 connected thereto. The control circuit 2 sets the charging circuit 5 that charges the battery block 4 of the power supply unit 1 with a small remaining capacity to a charged state, and charges the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 of each power supply unit 1 while equalizing. For example, when the output of the charging circuit 5 is 5 KW and the total charging power for charging the power supply unit 1 is 15 KW, the control circuit 2 puts the charging circuits 5 of the three sets of power supply units 1 into an operating state. At this time, the power supply unit 1 of the battery block 4 having a small remaining capacity is selected. The battery block 4 having a small remaining capacity is charged to equalize the remaining capacity. The control circuit 2 sequentially charges the power supply unit 1 of the battery block 4 having a small remaining capacity while charging the battery block 4 while equalizing the remaining capacity. In this power supply device, the charging circuit 5 of the power supply unit 1 is controlled by both the control circuit 2 and the charging circuit 5. When the total charging power is increased and the battery block 4 is equalized, the control circuit 2 increases the number of power supply units 1 to be charged. The above power supply device can be charged while equalizing the battery blocks 4 of the power supply unit 1. However, the charging circuit is not necessarily controlled by the control circuit, and charging can be performed so that the charging circuit does not overcharge the battery block.

  In the power supply device of FIG. 2, the output circuit 6 is a DC / DC converter 6A, and in the power supply device of FIG. 3, the output circuit 6 is a DC / AC inverter 6B. The DC / DC converter 6A of the output circuit 6 steps down or boosts the DC voltage of the battery block 4 and stabilizes it to a constant voltage for output. In the power supply device of FIG. 2, the output side of the output circuit 6 is connected to the discharge line 8 via a diode 9. The diode 9 is connected in a direction in which current can be supplied only from the output circuit 6 of the power supply unit 1 toward the discharge line 8. DC / DC converter 6A stabilizes and outputs a direct current of 500V to 1000V, for example. Since this power supply device outputs a direct current to the discharge line 8, when the AC device is connected to the load 11, the direct current of the discharge line 8 is converted into an alternating current by the DC / AC inverter 12 and supplied to the load 11. To do.

  In the power supply device of FIG. 3, the output circuit 6 is a DC / AC inverter 6B. The DC / AC inverter 6B of the output circuit 6 steps down or increases the DC voltage of the battery block 4 and outputs it as an alternating current stabilized to a constant voltage. DC / AC inverter 6B stabilizes and outputs an alternating current of 100V to 250V, for example. Since this power supply device outputs alternating current to the discharge line 8, it is not necessary to convert the output of the discharge line 8 even in applications where an alternating current device is connected to the load 11.

  The output circuit 6 of the DC / DC converter 6A and the DC / AC inverter 6B is controlled by the battery controller 7. The battery controller 7 detects the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 and stops the discharge of the battery block 4 with the output circuit 6 being stopped when the remaining capacity of the discharged battery block 4 decreases to the minimum capacity. The battery controller 7 calculates the remaining capacity from the integrated value of the charge / discharge current of the battery block 4. The battery controller 7 adds the integrated value of the charging current and subtracts the integrated value of the discharging current to detect the remaining capacity. Further, the battery controller 7 corrects the calculated remaining capacity with the battery voltage. This is because the remaining capacity of the battery can be accurately detected from the voltage at the lowest voltage and the highest voltage. The battery controller 7 can detect the remaining capacity only from the integrated value of the charging / discharging current, and can also detect the remaining capacity only from the voltage. The battery controller 7 controls the output circuit 6 so as not to overdischarge the battery block 4 with the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 to be detected.

  The battery controller 7 can also detect the remaining capacity of the battery block 4, that is, the full charge and control the charging circuit 5 to be stopped. However, the full charge of the battery block 4 is detected by the charging circuit 5 and charged. To stop. The charging circuit 5 that detects the full charge of the battery detects the full charge from the voltage of the battery and stops the charge. Alternatively, when the voltage is equal to or higher than a predetermined value and the charging current is decreased to a predetermined value or lower, full charging is detected and charging is stopped. The charging circuit 5 for charging the lithium ion battery or the lithium polymer battery detects that the battery voltage has risen to the maximum voltage and detects the full charge, and the charging circuit for the nickel metal hydride battery determines the voltage of the battery being charged. Is detected to have decreased by ΔV from the peak voltage, and full charge is detected.

  The battery controller 7 transmits the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 to be detected to the control circuit 2 via the communication line 10. However, the control circuit itself can also detect the remaining capacity of the battery block.

  The battery controller 7 controls the output circuit 6 to prevent overdischarge of the battery block 4, but the output circuit 6 is also controlled by the control circuit 2 to be in an operating state and a stopped state. The output circuit 6 controlled by both the battery controller 7 and the control circuit 2 is in an operating state in which the battery controller 7 and the control circuit 2 are both controlled to be in an operating state. Alternatively, when both are controlled to be stopped, the stopped state is entered.

  The output circuit 6 in the operating state discharges the battery block 4 connected to the output circuit 6 and outputs a direct current or an alternating current stabilized at a constant voltage to the discharge line 8. When the output circuits 6 of the plurality of power supply units 1 are controlled to operate, direct current or alternating current is output from the battery block 4 of the plurality of power supply units 1 to the discharge line 8. For example, when the output circuits 6 of the three power supply units 1 having a rated output of 10 KW are controlled to operate, 30 KW direct current or alternating current is output to the discharge line 8.

  The control circuit 2 specifies the output circuit 6 that is in the operating state with the remaining capacity of each battery block 4. The control circuit 2 sets the output circuit 6 connected to the battery block 4 having a large remaining capacity as an operating state, and stops the output circuit 6 connected to the battery block 4 having a small remaining capacity. The output circuit 6 in the operating state stabilizes the voltage of the battery block 4 to which the output circuit 6 is connected and outputs it to the discharge line 8. The output circuit 6 controlled to be in the stopped state is connected to the battery block connected thereto. 4 discharge is stopped. In this state, the battery block 4 having a large remaining capacity is discharged and the battery block 4 having a small remaining capacity is not discharged. Therefore, as the direct current or alternating current is output from the power supply unit 1 to the discharge line 8, the remaining battery block 4 remains. Capacity is equalized.

  The control circuit 2 specifies the number of the power supply units 1 that operate the output circuit 6 so that the power consumed by the load 11 of the discharge line 8 can be supplied from the plurality of power supply units 1 to the load 11. For example, the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 equipped in 10 sets of power supply units 1 is in the state shown by the bar graph of FIG. 1, the rated output of each output circuit 6 is 10 kW, and the maximum power consumption of the load 11 is 30 kW. Then, the control circuit 2 puts the output circuits 6 of the three sets of power supply units No3 to No5 into an operation state in order from the power supply unit 1 having a larger remaining capacity of the battery block 4. In this state, the three sets of output circuits 6 supply 30 kW of power to the load 11. In this state, the control circuit 2 specifies the number of power supply units 1 to be operated from the maximum power consumption of the load 11 and the rated output of the output circuit 6. That is, the number of power supply units 1 to be in an operating state is specified so that the maximum power consumption can be supplied from the plurality of power supply units 1. Therefore, when the maximum power consumption is 50 KW and the rated output of the output circuit 6 is 10 KW, the output circuits 6 of the five power supply units 1 are controlled to be in an operating state in order of increasing remaining capacity of the battery block 4. When the output circuit 6 continues this state, the battery block 4 having a large remaining capacity is discharged, the remaining capacity gradually decreases, and is equalized with the remaining capacity of the battery blocks 4 of the other power supply units 1. When the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 of the power supply unit 1 is equalized within a predetermined range (for example, within 3% to 10%) set in advance, the control circuit 2 causes the output circuits 6 of all the power supply units 1 to be output. Is operated, and power is supplied to the discharge lines 8 from all the power supply units 1. When all the output circuits 6 are in an operating state and power is supplied from all the power supply units 1 to the load 11 and the maximum power consumption of the load 11 is 30 kW, the output of each power supply unit 1 is 3 kW.

  The power supply device can reduce the discharge current of the battery block 4 by increasing the number of the power supply units 1 that operate the output circuit 6. For example, the number of power supply units 1 that supply power to the load 11 can be doubled, and the current of the battery block 4 to be discharged can be halved. This is because power is supplied from the double power supply unit 1 to the load 11. The power supply device has various merits by reducing the current of the battery block 4 constituting the power supply unit 1. For example, the loss due to the electric resistance of the battery block 4 and the line connected thereto can be reduced, and the deterioration of the battery due to the large current discharge can be reduced. Therefore, after the power supply apparatus discharges only the battery block 4 of the specific power supply unit 1 and equalizes it so that the remaining capacity falls within a predetermined range, preferably, the control circuit 2 controls all the power supply units 1. The output circuit 6 is set in an operating state. However, in a state in which the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 is equalized, the output circuit 6 of the power supply unit 1 that can supply the maximum power consumption of the load 11 can be put into an operating state.

2 and 3 outputs the direct current or the alternating current from each power supply unit 1 to the discharge line 8 by performing the following operation.
The power supply device mounted on the ship drives the generator 20 with the main engine or the sub-engine when navigating the ship, charges the battery block 4 of each power supply unit 1 with the generator 20, and anchors the ship. In some cases, the operation of the generator 20 is stopped and power is supplied from the power supply unit 1 to the load 11 of the discharge line 8.
The power supply unit 1 always detects the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 with the integrated value or voltage of the charge / discharge current with the battery controller 7. In a state where the generator 20 charges the battery block 4 of the power supply unit 1, the charging circuit 5 enters a charging state and charges the battery block 4. When the charging battery block 4 is fully charged, the charging circuit 5 of each power supply unit 1 detects this and stops charging the battery block 4. If the total charging power of the generator 20 is an output that can charge the battery blocks 4 of all the power supply units 1, the control circuit 2 charges all the charging circuits 5 with the charging circuits 5 of all the power supply units 1 being charged. State.

  When equalizing the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 of each power supply unit 1 constituting the power supply device, the control circuit 2 sets only the charging circuit 5 of the battery block 4 having a small remaining capacity to a charged state and performs other charging. The circuit 5 is not charged. In a state where the total charging power supplied from the charging line 3 is limited, the control circuit 2 specifies the number of power supply units 1 that can be charged with the total charging power. At this time, the control circuit 2 puts the charging circuit 5 into a charged state in order from the power supply unit 1 having a small remaining capacity of the battery block 4. In a state where the total charging power is not limited, only the charging circuits 5 of the three power supply units 1 are charged in the order specified in advance, for example, the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 is small, and the other charging circuits 5 are charged. Instead, charging is performed while equalizing the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 of the power supply unit 1. Further, in a state where the total charging power is not limited, the charging circuit 5 of the power supply unit 1 whose remaining capacity is smaller than the average value is set to the charging state, and other charging circuits 5 are controlled so as not to be charged and equalized. You can also When the battery block 4 of a specific power supply unit 1 is charged and equalized so that the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 falls within a predetermined range, all the charging circuits 5 are set to the charged state, and each power supply unit 1 The battery block 4 is charged. Each power supply unit 1 detects the full charge of the battery block 4 and stops the charging state of the charging circuit 5. However, the battery blocks 4 of all power supply units 1 are not always fully charged in all use states.

  When the ship is anchored and the operation of the generator 20 is stopped, power is supplied from the power supply unit 1 to the discharge line 8. In this state, when the battery blocks 4 of all the power supply units 1 are fully charged or the remaining capacities of the battery blocks 4 are equalized, the control circuit 2 sets all the output circuits 6 to the operating state and turns on all the power supplies. Power is supplied from the unit 1 to the discharge line 8. In this state, if there is a difference in remaining capacity between the battery blocks 4 of the power supply unit 1, the control circuit 2 operates the output circuits 6 of the power supply units 1 that can output power larger than the maximum power consumption of the load 11. And At this time, the output circuit 6 of the power supply unit 1 having a large remaining capacity of the battery block 4 is sequentially set in an operating state and discharged from the battery block 4 having a large remaining capacity. When the battery block 4 with a large remaining capacity is discharged and the remaining capacity of the battery block 4 is equalized, the control circuit 2 supplies the power to the discharge line 8 with the output circuits 6 of all the power supply units 1 operating. To do.

  Since the power supply device of FIG. 2 outputs direct current to the discharge line 8, the DC / AC inverter 12 connected to the discharge line 8 converts the direct current to alternating current and supplies power to the load 11 of the AC device. The power supply device of FIG. 3 outputs alternating current to the discharge line 8, and thus supplies power by connecting the load 11 of the alternating current device directly to the discharge line 8.

  The power supply apparatus according to the present invention can be suitably used as a power supply apparatus that is mounted on a large ship and supplies power to the power supply line of the ship. Further, it can be used as appropriate for a power supply device that stores the generated power of natural energy such as a solar battery or wind power generation and outputs it at the peak of the daytime or at night.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power supply unit 2 ... Control circuit 3 ... Charging line 4 ... Battery block 5 ... Charging circuit 6 ... Output circuit 6A ... DC / DC converter
6B ... DC / AC inverter 7 ... Battery controller 8 ... Discharge line 9 ... Diode 10 ... Communication line 11 ... Load 12 ... DC / AC inverter 20 ... Generator

Claims (9)

A plurality of power supply units (1) connected in parallel between the charge line (3) and the discharge line (8), and a control circuit (2) for controlling the power supply unit (1),
Each power supply unit (1) includes a battery block (4) having a plurality of batteries charged with power input from the charging line (3), and a battery block (4 with power input from the charging line (3). Charging circuit (5) for charging), and output circuit (6) for stepping down or boosting the output voltage of the battery block (4) to stabilize the output voltage to a constant voltage and outputting it to the discharge line (8); A battery controller (7) for detecting the remaining capacity of the battery block (4) and controlling the output circuit (6),
The output circuit (6) of each power supply unit (1) is controlled by the battery controller (7) of each power supply unit (1).
The control circuit (2) specifies the output circuit (6) to be activated by the remaining capacity of the battery block (4) of each power supply unit (1), and the output circuit (6) in the activated state identifies this. The voltage of the connected battery block (4) is stabilized and output to the discharge line (8), and the discharge of the battery block (4) connected to the output circuit (6) in the stopped state is stopped, A power supply device configured to output predetermined power from the battery block (4) of each power supply unit (1) to the discharge line (8).   The output circuit (6) is a DC / DC converter (6A), and a DC / AC inverter (12) for converting total direct current output from each power supply unit (1) into alternating current on the discharge line (8). The power supply device according to claim 1, which is connected.   The said output circuit (6) is a DC / AC inverter (6B), and each power supply unit (1) converts the direct current of a battery block (4) into alternating current, and outputs it to a discharge line (8). Power supply.   The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the battery controller (7) detects a remaining capacity from one or both of an integrated value of a charge / discharge current of the battery and a battery voltage.   The charging circuit (5) of the power supply unit (1) is controlled by the control circuit (2), and the control circuit (2) charges the battery block (4) of the plurality of power supply units (1). Then, from the remaining capacity of each battery block (4), the number of charging circuits (5) to be charged is specified, and the battery block (4) to which the charging circuit (5) to be charged is connected The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the power supply unit (1) is charged while equalizing the remaining capacity of the battery block (4).   The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the battery constituting each battery block (4) is any one of a lithium ion battery, a lithium polymer battery, and a nickel metal hydride battery.   The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the power supply device is a power supply device that is mounted on a ship and supplies power to a power supply line of the ship during berthing.   The rated output of the output circuit (6) is 5 KW to 50 KW, and the total output output from each power supply unit (1) to the discharge line (8) is 100 KW to 5000 KW. The power supply described.   The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the battery block (4) has 10 to 500 sets.

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