WO2019013304A1 - Electromagnetic forming method for aluminum material - Google Patents

Electromagnetic forming method for aluminum material Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019013304A1
WO2019013304A1 PCT/JP2018/026399 JP2018026399W WO2019013304A1 WO 2019013304 A1 WO2019013304 A1 WO 2019013304A1 JP 2018026399 W JP2018026399 W JP 2018026399W WO 2019013304 A1 WO2019013304 A1 WO 2019013304A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mold
electromagnetic forming
aluminum
electromagnetic
aluminum material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/026399
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
隆介 日置
一正 海読
今村　美速
Original Assignee
株式会社神戸製鋼所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社神戸製鋼所 filed Critical 株式会社神戸製鋼所
Publication of WO2019013304A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019013304A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/01—Selection of materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/02—Die constructions enabling assembly of the die parts in different ways
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/20—Making tools by operations not covered by a single other subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/08—Tube expanders

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is an electromagnetic forming method for an aluminum material. The method makes it possible to prevent a mold from breaking in a short period of time. In this electromagnetic forming method for an aluminum material, an aluminum material is formed by using electromagnetic force to push the aluminum material against a mold, the base material of which is unquenched steel. Ideally, a 30–200 μm resin coating layer is formed on the surface of the base material of the mold.

Description

アルミニウム材の電磁成形方法Electromagnetic forming method of aluminum material
　本発明は、アルミニウム材の電磁成形方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method of electromagnetically forming an aluminum material.
　一般に、金属板のプレス成形用等の金型には鋼材が使用され、金型の耐摩耗性を確保するために、例えば、焼鈍、切削加工、焼入焼戻し処理等の各工程が施されている。金型用の鋼材としては、例えば、ＪＩＳ　ＳＫＤ１１等の工具鋼が広く用いられる。工具鋼は、焼入焼戻し工程を経ることで、マルテンサイト等の焼入組織に変化して強度を向上させることができる。
　特許文献１には、炭素含有量が０．７～１．６質量％未満であって、一部の炭素が基材中に固溶して強度を付与し、また、一部の炭素が炭化物を形成して耐摩耗性や耐焼付性を付与することで、プレス成形性を向上させたプレス金型が記載されている。 In general, steel materials are used for molds for press forming metal plates and the like, and in order to ensure the wear resistance of the molds, for example, each process such as annealing, cutting, quenching and tempering is performed There is. As steel materials for dies, for example, tool steels such as JIS SKD11 are widely used. The tool steel can be changed to a quenched structure such as martensite by passing through a quenching and tempering process to improve strength.
In Patent Document 1, the carbon content is 0.7 to less than 1.6% by mass, and a part of carbon solid-solves in the substrate to impart strength, and a part of carbon is a carbide. The press die which improved press-formability by forming abrasion resistance and anti-seizure property is described.
日本国特開２００７－２３３３号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-2333
　特許文献１に記載のプレス成形用の金型では、被加工材が上型と下型との間で流動して所定の形状に成形される。このようなプレス成形に対して、電磁力を利用した電磁成形がある。電磁成形は、磁場を利用して被成形材を加工する技術であり、磁場は、大容量のコンデンサに充電した高電圧の電流を一挙に電磁インダクタに流すことによって発生させる。 In the mold for press molding described in Patent Document 1, the material to be processed flows between the upper mold and the lower mold and is molded into a predetermined shape. In contrast to such press forming, there is electromagnetic forming using an electromagnetic force. The electromagnetic forming is a technology for processing a material to be formed utilizing a magnetic field, and the magnetic field is generated by flowing a high voltage current, which is charged in a large capacity capacitor, at once into an electromagnetic inductor.
　アルミニウム材の電磁成形においては、プレス成形とは異なり、被加工材であるアルミニウム材が高速で金型に衝突する。図８にアルミニウム材１が電磁成形コイル２による電磁成形によって金型３に衝突する様子を示した。同図に示すように、アルミニウム材１が金型３に衝突すると、アルミニウム材１と金型３との界面では、アルミニウム材１のアルミニウム原子が飛び出して金型３の鋼材組織内に拡散する。 In the electromagnetic forming of an aluminum material, unlike the press forming, an aluminum material as a work material collides with a mold at high speed. FIG. 8 shows that the aluminum material 1 collides with the mold 3 by the electromagnetic forming by the electromagnetic forming coil 2. As shown in the figure, when the aluminum material 1 collides with the mold 3, at the interface between the aluminum material 1 and the mold 3, aluminum atoms of the aluminum material 1 fly out and diffuse into the steel material structure of the mold 3.
　図９の（Ａ），（Ｂ），（Ｃ）は、図８に示す界面Ａ部においてアルミニウム原子５が金型３内に拡散する様子を段階的に示す模式説明図である。
　図９の（Ａ）に示すように、アルミニウム材１が金型３に衝突すると、アルミニウム材１のアルミニウム原子５の一部が、金型３の鋼材組織内に拡散する。また、金型３の基材は炭化物を含有する。炭化物には、サイズの大きな一次炭化物６と、微細な二次炭化物（不図示）が存在する。特に一次炭化物６は、基材が圧延材であれば、圧延組織の長手方向に沿って連鎖状に分布するため、一次炭化物６の分布方向に沿って割れが進展し易くなることが知られている。 (A), (B) and (C) of FIG. 9 are schematic explanatory views showing in stages the diffusion of aluminum atoms 5 into the mold 3 at the interface A shown in FIG.
As shown in (A) of FIG. 9, when the aluminum material 1 collides with the mold 3, a part of the aluminum atoms 5 of the aluminum material 1 diffuses into the steel structure of the mold 3. Moreover, the base material of the mold 3 contains a carbide. The carbides include large primary carbides 6 and fine secondary carbides (not shown). In particular, it is known that if primary carbide 6 is a rolled material, it is distributed in a chain along the longitudinal direction of the rolling structure, so that cracking tends to progress along the distribution direction of primary carbide 6 There is.
　電磁成形を繰り返し行うと、アルミニウム原子５の金型３内の鋼材組織内への拡散によって、アルミニウム原子５が金型３の鋼材組織内に蓄積される。その結果、図９の（Ｂ）に示すように、鋼材組織内にＡｌ2Ｆｅ5の脆い金属間化合物７が生成される。そして、図９の（Ｃ）に示すように、電磁成形の繰り返しによって金属間化合物７の領域が次第に拡大し、金属間化合物７が一次炭化物６に到達する。すると、金型３の内部では一次炭化物６に沿ったクラック８の発生が助長され、割れが発生しやすくなる。このように、金型３は、電磁成形の繰り返しによってクラック８が進展し、早期に破損に至るおそれがあった。 When the electromagnetic forming is repeated, the aluminum atoms 5 are accumulated in the steel structure of the mold 3 due to the diffusion of the aluminum atoms 5 into the steel structure in the mold 3. As a result, as shown in (B) of FIG. 9, a brittle intermetallic compound 7 of Al 2 Fe 5 is formed in the steel structure. And as shown to (C) of FIG. 9, the area | region of the intermetallic compound 7 will be expanded gradually by repetition of electromagnetic forming, and the intermetallic compound 7 will reach the primary carbide 6. Then, the generation of the crack 8 along the primary carbide 6 is promoted inside the mold 3, and the crack is easily generated. As described above, in the mold 3, the crack 8 has progressed by repeated electromagnetic forming, and there is a possibility that the mold 3 may be damaged early.
　本発明は、上述した事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、アルミニウム材を繰り返し電磁成形する金型が、短期間で破損を生じることを防止できるアルミニウム材の電磁成形方法を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a method of electromagnetically forming an aluminum material which can prevent a die for repeatedly electromagnetically forming the aluminum material from being damaged in a short period of time. It is.
　本発明は、下記構成からなる。
（１）　アルミニウム材を電磁力により金型に押し付けて成形する電磁成形方法であって、
　前記金型の基材を、焼入れをしていない鋼とすることを特徴とするアルミニウム材の電磁成形方法。
　この電磁成形方法によれば、金型を用いて繰り返し電磁成形する際に、金型が短期間で破損することを防止できる。 The present invention has the following constitution.
(1) An electromagnetic forming method in which an aluminum material is pressed against a mold by an electromagnetic force and formed,
The electromagnetic forming method of an aluminum material, wherein the base material of the mold is a non-quenched steel.
According to this electromagnetic molding method, it is possible to prevent the mold from being damaged in a short period of time when performing electromagnetic molding repeatedly using the mold.
（２）　前記金型の基材表面に、３０μｍ以上、２００μｍ以下の樹脂被覆層が形成されている（１）に記載のアルミニウム材の電磁成形方法。
　この電磁成形方法によれば、電磁成形時にアルミニウム材に生じる誘導電流が、他の部材との間でスパークを生じることを防止できる。 (2) The electromagnetic forming method of the aluminum material as described in (1) in which the resin coating layer of 30 micrometers or more and 200 micrometers or less is formed in the base-material surface of the said metal mold | die.
According to this electromagnetic forming method, it is possible to prevent the induced current generated in the aluminum material during the electromagnetic forming from generating a spark with other members.
（３）　前記金型は複数に分割された割り型からなり、前記割り型同士の合わせ面に前記樹脂被覆層が形成されている（２）に記載のアルミニウム材の電磁成形方法。
　この電磁成形方法によれば、割り型同士の合わせ面の隙間に、スパークが生じることを防止できる。 (3) The electromagnetic forming method for an aluminum material according to (2), wherein the mold comprises split molds divided into a plurality of pieces, and the resin coating layer is formed on the mating surfaces of the split molds.
According to this electromagnetic forming method, sparks can be prevented from being generated in the gap between the mating surfaces of the split molds.
（４）　前記金型の前記アルミニウム材が押し付けられる基材表面に前記樹脂被覆層が形成されている（３）に記載のアルミニウム材の電磁成形方法。
　この電磁成形方法によれば、電磁成形後の製品の精度に影響を及ぼすことなく、アルミニウム材と金型との間にスパークを生じることを防止できる。 (4) The electromagnetic forming method of the aluminum material as described in (3) in which the said resin coating layer is formed in the base-material surface on which the said aluminum material of the said metal mold | die is pressed.
According to this electromagnetic forming method, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of sparks between the aluminum material and the mold without affecting the accuracy of the product after the electromagnetic forming.
（５）　前記焼入れをしていない鋼は、低炭素鋼又は中炭素鋼である（１）～（４）のいずれか一つに記載のアルミニウム材の電磁成形方法。
　この電磁成形方法によれば、脆い金属間化合物が炭化物の粒界に局所的に集まることが抑制され、金型の短期間での破損を防止できる。 (5) The method according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the non-quenched steel is a low carbon steel or a medium carbon steel.
According to this electromagnetic forming method, it is possible to suppress local accumulation of brittle intermetallic compounds at carbide grain boundaries, and to prevent breakage of the mold in a short period of time.
　本発明の電磁成形方法によれば、アルミニウム材の電磁成形に用いる金型が、短期間で破損を生じることを防止できる。 According to the electromagnetic forming method of the present invention, it is possible to prevent a mold used for electromagnetic forming of an aluminum material from being damaged in a short period of time.
第１構成例の電磁成形コイルとアルミニウムパイプと電磁成形用の金型との概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing of the electromagnetic forming coil of 1st structural example, an aluminum pipe, and the metal mold | die for electromagnetic forming. 図１に示すアルミニウムパイプの電磁成形後の状態を示す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the state after electromagnetic forming of the aluminum pipe shown in FIG. 第２構成例の電磁成形コイルとアルミニウムパイプと電磁成形用の金型との概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing of the electromagnetic forming coil of 2nd structural example, an aluminum pipe, and the metal mold | die for electromagnetic forming. 図３に示すアルミニウムパイプの電磁成形後の状態を示す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the state after electromagnetic forming of the aluminum pipe shown in FIG. 本発明の実施例及び比較例の電磁成形前の状態を示す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the state before electromagnetic forming of the Example of this invention, and a comparative example. 本発明の実施例及び比較例の電磁成形後の状態を示す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the state after electromagnetic forming of the Example of this invention, and a comparative example. 比較例の金型の角部にクラックが発生した様子を模式的に示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows typically a mode that the crack generate | occur | produced in the corner | angular part of the metal mold | die of a comparative example. アルミニウム材が電磁成形コイルによる電磁成形によって金型に衝突する様子を示した説明図である。It is an explanatory view showing a situation where aluminum material collides with a metallic mold by electromagnetic forming by an electromagnetic forming coil. （Ａ），（Ｂ），（Ｃ）は、図８に示す界面Ａ部においてアルミニウム原子が金型内に拡散する様子を段階的に示す模式説明図である。(A), (B), (C) is model explanatory drawing which shows in a step the mode that an aluminum atom is spread | diffused in a metal mold | die in the interface A part shown in FIG.
　以下、本発明の実施形態について、図面を参照して詳細に説明する。
＜第１構成例＞
　図１は第１構成例の電磁成形コイル１１とアルミニウムパイプ１３と電磁成形用の金型１５との概略断面図である。
　被加工材であるアルミニウムパイプ１３は、電磁成形コイル１１と金型１５との間に配置される。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
<First Configuration Example>
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic forming coil 11, an aluminum pipe 13 and a die 15 for electromagnetic forming according to a first configuration example.
An aluminum pipe 13 which is a work material is disposed between the electromagnetic forming coil 11 and the mold 15.
　電磁成形コイル１１は、棒状の支持部材１７の先端に設けられ、導線を螺旋状に巻き回したソレノイドコイルからなる。電磁成形コイル１１の導線は、不図示の電源部に接続される。電源部は、コンデンサに充電したエネルギーを、スイッチを通じて、数ｍｓ以内の極めて短い時間でパルス状の大電流として出力する。出力されたパルス電流は電磁成形コイル１１に供給され、電磁成形用の磁場を発生させる。 The electromagnetic forming coil 11 is provided at the tip of the rod-like support member 17 and is formed of a solenoid coil in which a conducting wire is spirally wound. The conducting wire of the electromagnetic forming coil 11 is connected to a power supply unit (not shown). The power supply unit outputs the energy stored in the capacitor as a pulse-like large current through the switch in a very short time within several ms. The output pulse current is supplied to the electromagnetic forming coil 11 to generate a magnetic field for electromagnetic forming.
　金型１５は、アルミニウムパイプ１３の外周を覆う空洞を有し、周方向に沿って複数に分割された複数の割り型から構成される。金型１５の基材は、焼入、焼戻し等の熱処理がされていない、いわゆる生材（Ｕｎｈａｒｄｅｎｅｄ ｓｔｅｅｌ）であって、例えば、ＪＩＳ　ＳＳ４００（一般構造用圧延鋼）や、Ｓ５０Ｃ，Ｓ５５Ｃ（機械構造用炭素鋼）等の低炭素鋼（炭素量：＜０．３０％）、中炭素鋼（炭素量：０．３０～０．４５％）、或いは高炭素鋼（炭素量：０．４５～０．６０％）の焼入れをしていない鋼が好適に用いられる。 The mold 15 has a cavity covering the outer periphery of the aluminum pipe 13 and is constituted by a plurality of split molds divided into a plurality of parts along the circumferential direction. The base material of the mold 15 is a so-called unhardened steel which has not been subjected to heat treatment such as quenching or tempering, and, for example, JIS SS400 (rolled steel for general structure), S50C, S55C (machine structure) For low carbon steel (carbon content: <0.30%), medium carbon steel (carbon content: 0.30 to 0.45%), or high carbon steel (carbon content: 0.45 to 0) Steels which have not been quenched (.60%) are preferably used.
　金型１５の空洞には、アルミニウムパイプ１３の外径よりも大径、又は略等しい径の小径部１５ａと、金型１５の軸方向中間部に設けられ、小径部１５ａよりも大径な大径部１５ｂとを有する。大径部１５ｂは、内径面の軸心を中心とする環状の凹溝である。 A small diameter portion 15a having a diameter larger than or approximately equal to the outer diameter of the aluminum pipe 13 is provided in the hollow of the mold 15, and an axial intermediate portion of the mold 15 is provided. The diameter is larger than the small diameter portion 15a. And a diameter portion 15b. The large diameter portion 15 b is an annular recessed groove centered on the axis of the inner diameter surface.
　金型１５の内径面におけるアルミニウムパイプ１３が押し付けられる基材表面には、樹脂被覆層２１が形成されることがより好ましい。樹脂被覆層２１は、金型１５の小径部１５ａ及び大径部１５ｂにそれぞれ設けられる。また、図示は省略するが、金型１５の周方向に分割される割り型における、割り型同士の対向面にも、同様の樹脂被覆層が形成されることが好ましい。 More preferably, a resin coating layer 21 is formed on the surface of the base material against which the aluminum pipe 13 in the inner diameter surface of the mold 15 is pressed. The resin coating layer 21 is provided on the small diameter portion 15 a and the large diameter portion 15 b of the mold 15. Moreover, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, it is preferable that the same resin coating layer is formed also in the opposing surface of split molds in the split mold divided | segmented into the circumferential direction of the metal mold | die 15. As shown in FIG.
　樹脂被覆層２１は、エポキシ樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂、ナイロン樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂等のいずれかの樹脂からなることが好ましい。この樹脂被覆層２１は、電磁成形の際に、アルミニウムパイプ１３と金型１５との間で生じるスパークを抑制するための電気絶縁層として機能する。 The resin coating layer 21 is preferably made of any resin such as an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a polypropylene resin, a nylon resin, and a polyethylene terephthalate resin. The resin coating layer 21 functions as an electrical insulating layer for suppressing sparks generated between the aluminum pipe 13 and the mold 15 during electromagnetic forming.
　アルミニウムパイプ１３は、例えばＪＩＳ　１０００系～８０００系のいずれの材質であってもよい。なお、熱処理型合金の場合には、Ｔ１調質して、成形性を向上させておくことが好ましい。 The aluminum pipe 13 may be, for example, any material of JIS 1000-8000. In the case of a heat treatment type alloy, it is preferable to improve the formability by performing T1 tempering.
　次に、上記構成の電磁成形コイル１１と金型１５により、アルミニウムパイプ１３を電磁成形によって拡管する手順を説明する。
　まず、アルミニウムパイプ１３を金型１５の内径面にセットして、セットされたアルミニウムパイプ１３の管内に電磁成形コイル１１を挿入する。また、金型１５と電磁成形コイル１１とを予め固定しておき、アルミニウムパイプ１３を金型１５と電磁成形コイル１１との間に挿入することでもよい。 Next, a procedure for expanding the aluminum pipe 13 by electromagnetic forming using the electromagnetic forming coil 11 and the mold 15 of the above configuration will be described.
First, the aluminum pipe 13 is set on the inner diameter surface of the mold 15, and the electromagnetic forming coil 11 is inserted into the set pipe of the aluminum pipe 13. Alternatively, the mold 15 and the electromagnetic forming coil 11 may be fixed in advance, and the aluminum pipe 13 may be inserted between the mold 15 and the electromagnetic forming coil 11.
　電磁成形コイル１１、アルミニウムパイプ１３、金型１５のそれぞれの軸方向位置は、固定具によって位置決めされる。本構成では、電磁成形コイル１１を金型１５の軸方向中央に配置する。 The respective axial positions of the electromagnetic forming coil 11, the aluminum pipe 13 and the mold 15 are positioned by the fixture. In the present configuration, the electromagnetic forming coil 11 is disposed at the axial center of the mold 15.
　次に、不図示の電源部を駆動して、コンデンサに充電された高電圧の電流を、一挙に電磁成形コイル１１に流す。すると、アルミニウムパイプ１３に誘導電流が流れ、これにより発生する大きな電磁力によって、アルミニウムパイプ１３が拡管する。その結果、アルミニウムパイプ１３は、金型１５の内径面に押し当てられて、金型１５の小径部１５ａと大径部１５ｂに沿った形状に成形される。 Next, a power supply unit (not shown) is driven to flow the high voltage current charged in the capacitor to the electromagnetic forming coil 11 at a stroke. Then, an induced current flows through the aluminum pipe 13, and the large electromagnetic force generated thereby expands the aluminum pipe 13. As a result, the aluminum pipe 13 is pressed against the inner diameter surface of the mold 15 and is formed into a shape along the small diameter portion 15 a and the large diameter portion 15 b of the mold 15.
　図２は図１に示すアルミニウムパイプ１３の電磁成形後の状態を示す概略断面図である。
　アルミニウムパイプ１３は、電磁成形コイル１１の通電により発生した電磁力で拡管し、外周面が金型１５の小径部１５ａと大径部１５ｂに押し当てられる。その結果、アルミニウムパイプ１３には、金型１５の大径部１５ｂに対応する軸方向位置（軸方向中央）に、大径部１５ｂの形状に沿った環状の突出部１３ａが形成される。 FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state of the aluminum pipe 13 shown in FIG. 1 after electromagnetic forming.
The aluminum pipe 13 is expanded by an electromagnetic force generated by energization of the electromagnetic forming coil 11, and the outer peripheral surface is pressed against the small diameter portion 15 a and the large diameter portion 15 b of the mold 15. As a result, at the axial position (axial center) corresponding to the large diameter portion 15 b of the mold 15, an annular projection 13 a along the shape of the large diameter portion 15 b is formed on the aluminum pipe 13.
　この電磁成形方法によれば、アルミニウムパイプ１３を電磁成形する際に、前述の図９に示す場合と同様に、アルミニウム原子５が金型１５の鋼材組織中に拡散して、Ａｌ2Ｆｅ5の脆い金属間化合物７が形成される。しかし、金型１５が、焼入れをしていない鋼を基材として使用されることで、前述した一次炭化物６の生成が抑制されている。そのため、鋼材組織のマトリックス（粒界内の領域）内にアルミニウム原子５が拡散され、図９に示す金属間化合物が一次炭化物６の粒界に局所的に集まるような状態にはならない。したがって、クラック２３の発生や進展が抑制され、金型１５の早期破損を防止できる。 According to this electromagnetic forming method, the aluminum pipe 13 at the time of electromagnetic forming, as in the case shown in FIG. 9 described above, aluminum atoms 5 to diffuse into the steel structure in the mold 15, the Al 2 Fe 5 A brittle intermetallic compound 7 is formed. However, the production of the primary carbide 6 described above is suppressed by using the non-quenched steel as the base material for the mold 15. Therefore, aluminum atoms 5 are diffused into the matrix (region within grain boundaries) of the steel structure, and the intermetallic compound shown in FIG. 9 does not locally gather at the grain boundaries of primary carbides 6. Therefore, the occurrence and progress of the crack 23 can be suppressed, and the premature failure of the mold 15 can be prevented.
　また、焼入れをしていない鋼を金型１５の基材として使用することで、金型１５の靭性が向上し、アルミニウム材が高速で衝突する電磁成形の金型１５としての耐久性が維持される。 Further, by using a non-quenched steel as a base material of the mold 15, the toughness of the mold 15 is improved, and the durability as an electromagnetic forming mold 15 in which the aluminum material collides at high speed is maintained. Ru.
　更に、金型１５の基材表面には樹脂被覆層２１が形成されているため、電磁成形時にアルミニウムパイプ１３に生じる誘導電流により、アルミニウムパイプ１３と金型１５との間、及び金型１５の各割り型の合わせ面同士の間で、スパークが発生することを効果的に抑制できる。これによっても、金型１５の耐久性が維持される。また、アルミニウムパイプ１３にスパークによる損傷が及ぶことがない。 Furthermore, since the resin coating layer 21 is formed on the surface of the base of the mold 15, the induced current generated in the aluminum pipe 13 at the time of electromagnetic forming allows the space between the aluminum pipe 13 and the mold 15 and The occurrence of sparks can be effectively suppressed between the mating surfaces of the split molds. Also by this, the durability of the mold 15 is maintained. In addition, the aluminum pipe 13 is not damaged by sparks.
　樹脂被覆層２１の厚さは、スパークの発生を効果的に抑制するためには、３０μｍ以上とするのが好ましく、５０μｍ以上が更に好ましい。また、成形製品の精度確保の観点からは、樹脂被覆層２１の厚さを２００μｍ以下、好ましくは１００μｍ以下とするのがよい。 The thickness of the resin coating layer 21 is preferably 30 μm or more, and more preferably 50 μm or more, in order to effectively suppress the generation of sparks. Further, from the viewpoint of securing the accuracy of the molded product, the thickness of the resin coating layer 21 is 200 μm or less, preferably 100 μm or less.
　なお、金型１５の割り型の合わせ面に設ける樹脂被覆層２１の厚さは、アルミニウムパイプ１３に対面する小径部１５ａ，大径部１５ｂに設ける樹脂被覆層２１の厚さより大きくしてもよく、最低でも５０μｍとするのが好ましい。 The thickness of the resin coating layer 21 provided on the mating surface of the split mold of the mold 15 may be larger than the thickness of the resin coating layer 21 provided on the small diameter portion 15a and the large diameter portion 15b facing the aluminum pipe 13. Preferably at least 50 μm.
　以上説明したように、本実施形態の電磁成形方法によれば、Ａｌ2Ｆｅ5の脆い金属間化合物が炭化物（一次炭化物）の粒界に局所的に集まることが抑制され、金型１５の短期間での破損を防止できる。 As described above, according to the electromagnetic forming method of the present embodiment, local aggregation of brittle intermetallic compounds of Al 2 Fe 5 at the grain boundaries of carbides (primary carbides) is suppressed, and the short-term period of the mold 15 is shortened. It is possible to prevent damage between them.
＜第２構成例＞
　次に、図３及び図４を参照して第２構成例の電磁成形方法について説明する。本構成では、成形対象を前述のアルミニウムパイプ１３に代えて、アルミニウム板１４としており、これに伴って、電磁成形コイル及び金型の形状が異なっている。その他の部分は第１構成例と同様であるので、同一部分には同一符号又は相当符号を付して、その説明を簡単化又は省略する。 Second Configuration Example
Next, the electromagnetic forming method of the second configuration example will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. In the present configuration, an aluminum plate 14 is used instead of the above-described aluminum pipe 13 to be formed, and accordingly, the shapes of the electromagnetic forming coil and the mold are different. The other parts are the same as in the first configuration example, so the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals or corresponding reference numerals, and the description thereof will be simplified or omitted.
　図３に示すように、本構成の金型１６は、電磁成形コイル１２に対面する側の型面の中央部に、上方へ突出する突起部１６ａを有する。電磁成形コイル１２は、金型１６に対して略平行な面内で導線が巻き回された形状を有する。 As shown in FIG. 3, the mold 16 of this configuration has a projection 16 a that protrudes upward at the center of the mold surface on the side facing the electromagnetic forming coil 12. The electromagnetic forming coil 12 has a shape in which a conducting wire is wound in a plane substantially parallel to the mold 16.
　金型１６の基材は、金型１５の場合と同様の生材であって、例えば、ＪＩＳ　ＳＳ４００や、Ｓ５０Ｃ，Ｓ５５Ｃ等の低炭素鋼、中炭素鋼の焼入れをしていない鋼である。金型１６の基材表面には、前述の樹脂被覆層２１と同様の樹脂被覆層２２が形成される。樹脂被覆層２２は、金型１５の突起部１６ａを含む型面の全面に、第１構成例の樹脂被覆層２１と同様の厚さで形成される。 The base material of the mold 16 is a raw material similar to the case of the mold 15, and is, for example, a low carbon steel such as JIS SS400, S50C, S55C, or a steel which is not quenched. A resin coating layer 22 similar to the resin coating layer 21 described above is formed on the surface of the base of the mold 16. The resin coating layer 22 is formed on the entire surface of the mold surface including the protrusions 16 a of the mold 15 with the same thickness as the resin coating layer 21 of the first configuration example.
　アルミニウム板１４は、例えばＪＩＳ　１０００系～８０００系のいずれ材質であってもよい。なお、熱処理型合金の場合には、Ｔ１調質して、成形性を向上させておくことが好ましい。 The aluminum plate 14 may be, for example, any material of JIS 1000-8000. In the case of a heat treatment type alloy, it is preferable to improve the formability by performing T1 tempering.
　電磁成形コイル１２と金型１６は、適宜な固定具によって固定され、成形対象であるアルミニウム板１４が、電磁成形コイル１２と金型１６との間に挿入される。そして、アルミニウム板１４が電磁成形コイル１２と金型１６に対して位置決めされた状態で、不図示の電源部からパルス状の大電流を電磁成形コイル１２に供給する。 The electromagnetic forming coil 12 and the mold 16 are fixed by an appropriate fixing tool, and the aluminum plate 14 to be formed is inserted between the electromagnetic forming coil 12 and the mold 16. Then, in a state where the aluminum plate 14 is positioned with respect to the electromagnetic forming coil 12 and the mold 16, a pulse-shaped high current is supplied to the electromagnetic forming coil 12 from a power supply unit (not shown).
　すると、アルミニウム板１４に誘導電流が流れ、これにより発生する大きな電磁力によって、アルミニウム板１４が金型１６の対面する型面に押し当てられる。これにより、アルミニウム板１４は、図４に示すように、金型１６の型面に沿って成形され、突起部１６ａの位置では、突起部１６ａの突起形状に沿った凸部１４ａが形成される。その他の構成及び効果は、実施形態と同様であるので説明を省略する。 Then, an induced current flows through the aluminum plate 14, and the large electromagnetic force generated thereby causes the aluminum plate 14 to be pressed against the facing mold surface of the mold 16. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 4, the aluminum plate 14 is formed along the mold surface of the mold 16, and at the position of the projection 16a, the projection 14a is formed along the projection shape of the projection 16a. . The other configurations and effects are the same as those of the embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
　次に、金型の基材が焼入れをしていない鋼である実施例の構成と、金型の基材が従来通りの工具鋼であり、焼入、焼戻し処理された比較例の構成とで、アルミニウム材の電磁成形を繰り返し行った結果を説明する。用いた金型及び電磁成形コイルは、基本的には前述の第１構成例に準じた構成で、アルミニウムパイプを拡管することとした。 Next, according to the configuration of the embodiment in which the substrate of the mold is a non-quenched steel and the configuration of the comparative example in which the substrate of the mold is a conventional tool steel and is quenched and tempered. The results of repeated electromagnetic forming of the aluminum material will be described. The mold and the electromagnetic forming coil used were basically configured to expand the aluminum pipe with the configuration according to the first configuration example described above.
＜金型構成＞
　実施例及び比較例ともに、図５に示す直径８０ｍｍの円筒形キャビティ３１を有し、一対の割り型からなる金型３３を使用した。
　実施例の金型３３の基材は、ＪＩＳ　ＳＳ４００の生材を使用した。比較例の金型３３の基材は、ＪＩＳ　ＳＫＤ１１であり、焼入、焼戻し処理を施して使用した。実施例及び比較例ともに、金型３３の基材表面にエポキシ樹脂からなる厚さ１００μｍの樹脂被覆層３５を形成した。 <Mold configuration>
In both the example and the comparative example, a mold 33 having a cylindrical cavity 31 with a diameter of 80 mm shown in FIG. 5 and consisting of a pair of split molds was used.
The raw material of JIS SS400 was used for the base material of the die 33 of the example. The base material of the mold 33 of the comparative example is JIS SKD11, which was used after being subjected to quenching and tempering treatment. In both the example and the comparative example, a resin coating layer 35 made of epoxy resin and having a thickness of 100 μm was formed on the surface of the base of the mold 33.
＜アルミニウム材＞
　実施例及び比較例ともに、ＪＩＳ　Ａ６０６３のアルミニウム材からなる直径８０ｍｍ、板厚３ｍｍのアルミニウムパイプ３７を用意し、アルミニウムパイプ３７にＴ１調質処理を施して使用した。 <Aluminum material>
In both of the example and the comparative example, an aluminum pipe 37 having a diameter of 80 mm and a thickness of 3 mm made of an aluminum material according to JIS A6063 was prepared, and the aluminum pipe 37 was subjected to T1 temper treatment.
＜電磁成形条件及びその評価＞
　実施例及び比較例ともに、金型３３の軸方向一端部３３ａ（図５に示す左側端部）からアルミニウムパイプ３７を約５０ｍｍ突出させ、アルミニウムパイプ３７の管内にソレノイドコイルである電磁成形コイル３９を配置した。そして、電磁成形コイル３９に、容量４００μＦのコンデンサに充電した電圧１０ｋＶの電流を流した。このときの投入エネルギーＥは、Ｅ＝１／２ＣＶ2＝２０［ｋＪ］（Ｃ：静電容量、Ｖ：電圧）である。 <Electromagnetic forming conditions and their evaluation>
In both of the embodiment and the comparative example, the aluminum pipe 37 protrudes about 50 mm from the axial direction one end 33a (left end shown in FIG. 5) of the mold 33, and the electromagnetic forming coil 39 which is a solenoid coil in the pipe of the aluminum pipe 37 Placed. Then, a current of 10 kV in which a capacitor with a capacity of 400 μF was charged was supplied to the electromagnetic forming coil 39. Input energy E at this time is, E = 1 / 2CV 2 = 20 [kJ] is a (C: Voltage: capacitance, V).
　上記条件による電磁成形によって、図６に示す金型３３の軸方向一端部３３ａより外側のアルミニウムパイプ３７に、フランジ部３７ａを形成した。また、金型３３の軸方向他端部３３ｂより外側のアルミニウムパイプ３７に、径方向外側へ突出する膨出部３７ｂを形成した。そして、上記の電磁成形を多数回行った後、金型３３の状態を目視にて確認した。 The flange portion 37a is formed on the aluminum pipe 37 outside the one axial end portion 33a of the mold 33 shown in FIG. 6 by electromagnetic molding under the above conditions. Further, a bulging portion 37 b that protrudes outward in the radial direction is formed on the aluminum pipe 37 outside the axial direction other end 33 b of the mold 33. Then, after performing the above-described electromagnetic molding many times, the state of the mold 33 was visually confirmed.
＜評価結果＞
　基材がＪＩＳ　ＳＳ４００である実施例の金型では、１０００回以上の電磁成形後でも金型の割れやその他の欠陥は認められなかった。一方、基材が工具鋼である比較例の金型では、４００～５００回の電磁成形後に、図７に示すようなフランジ部３７ａの根元部に対向する金型３３の角部４１に、クラック４３の発生が認められた。 <Evaluation result>
In the mold of the example in which the base material is JIS SS400, no cracks of the mold and other defects were observed even after 1,000 or more times of electromagnetic forming. On the other hand, in the mold of the comparative example in which the base material is tool steel, cracks are generated in the corner 41 of the mold 33 facing the root of the flange 37a as shown in FIG. There were 43 outbreaks.
　金型３３の軸方向一端部３３ａの内径側縁部である角部４１には、アルミニウムパイプ３７のフランジ部３７ａが特に強く押し当てられ、応力集中を生じやすい。この角部４１にアルミニウムパイプ３７のアルミニウム原子が繰り返し拡散して、割れが生じたものと考えられる。 The flange portion 37a of the aluminum pipe 37 is particularly strongly pressed to the corner portion 41 which is the inner diameter side edge portion of the axial direction one end portion 33a of the mold 33, and stress concentration is easily generated. It is considered that the aluminum atoms of the aluminum pipe 37 are repeatedly diffused in the corner portion 41 to cause a crack.
　このように、本発明は上記の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、実施形態の各構成を相互に組み合わせることや、明細書の記載、並びに周知の技術に基づいて、当業者が変更、応用することも本発明の予定するところであり、保護を求める範囲に含まれる。 Thus, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and those skilled in the art can change or apply the components of the embodiment in combination with one another, based on the description of the specification, and based on known techniques. It is also the intention of the present invention to be included in the scope for which protection is sought.
　上記例のアルミニウムパイプの電磁成形は、拡管に限らず、金型の配置やサイズ、コイルの配置を変更することで、縮管させることであってもよい。また、上記例のアルミニウム板の電磁成形は、凸部を形成する以外にも、凹部の形成であってもよく、複数の凸部や凹部を形成することであってもよい。 The electromagnetic forming of the aluminum pipe of the above example is not limited to the expansion of the pipe, but may be contraction by changing the arrangement and size of the mold and the arrangement of the coil. Further, the electromagnetic forming of the aluminum plate of the above-described example may be the formation of a recess other than the formation of a protrusion, or the formation of a plurality of protrusions or recesses.
　本出願は２０１７年７月１２日出願の日本国特許出願（特願２０１７－１３６６３８）に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。 This application is based on a Japanese patent application (Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-136638) filed on July 12, 2017, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
　１３　アルミニウムパイプ（アルミニウム材）
　１４　アルミニウム板（アルミニウム材）
　１５，１６　金型 13 Aluminum pipe (aluminum material)
14 Aluminum plate (Aluminum material)
15,16 Mold

Claims (5)

  1. 　アルミニウム材を電磁力により金型に押し付けて成形する電磁成形方法であって、
    　前記金型の基材を、焼入れをしていない鋼とすることを特徴とするアルミニウム材の電磁成形方法。     An electromagnetic forming method in which an aluminum material is pressed against a mold by an electromagnetic force and formed,
    The electromagnetic forming method of an aluminum material, wherein the base material of the mold is a non-quenched steel.
  2. 　前記金型の基材表面に、３０μｍ以上、２００μｍ以下の樹脂被覆層が形成されている請求項１に記載のアルミニウム材の電磁成形方法。 The electromagnetic forming method of an aluminum material according to claim 1, wherein a resin coating layer of 30 μm or more and 200 μm or less is formed on the surface of the substrate of the mold.
  3. 　前記金型は複数に分割された割り型からなり、前記割り型同士の合わせ面に前記樹脂被覆層が形成されている請求項２に記載のアルミニウム材の電磁成形方法。 The method according to claim 2, wherein the mold comprises a plurality of split molds, and the resin coating layer is formed on a joint surface of the split molds.
  4. 　前記金型の前記アルミニウム材が押し付けられる基材表面に前記樹脂被覆層が形成されている請求項３に記載のアルミニウム材の電磁成形方法。 The method according to claim 3, wherein the resin coating layer is formed on a surface of a substrate on which the aluminum material of the mold is pressed.
  5. 　前記焼入れをしていない鋼は、低炭素鋼又は中炭素鋼である請求項１～請求項４のいずれか一項に記載のアルミニウム材の電磁成形方法。 The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the non-quenched steel is a low carbon steel or a medium carbon steel.
PCT/JP2018/026399 2017-07-12 2018-07-12 Electromagnetic forming method for aluminum material WO2019013304A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017-136638 2017-07-12
JP2017136638A JP6529548B2 (en) 2017-07-12 2017-07-12 Electromagnetic forming method of aluminum material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019013304A1 true WO2019013304A1 (en) 2019-01-17

Family

ID=65001335

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2018/026399 WO2019013304A1 (en) 2017-07-12 2018-07-12 Electromagnetic forming method for aluminum material

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6529548B2 (en)
WO (1) WO2019013304A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109759491B (en) * 2019-03-04 2020-01-03 燕山大学 Magnetorheological grease assisted pipe fitting expansion forming device and process method
CN109759492B (en) * 2019-03-04 2020-01-03 燕山大学 Magnetorheological fluid segmented control magnesium alloy pipe internal high-pressure hot forming device and method

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002526264A (en) * 1998-09-18 2002-08-20 アロテック リミテッド エルエルシー Apparatus and method for manufacturing wheel by electromagnetic high energy capacity forming method
JP2005095982A (en) * 2003-09-04 2005-04-14 Kobe Steel Ltd Aluminum alloy-made wheel rim for automobile, and method for manufacturing the same
JP2015167971A (en) * 2014-03-07 2015-09-28 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Manufacturing method for molded body

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002526264A (en) * 1998-09-18 2002-08-20 アロテック リミテッド エルエルシー Apparatus and method for manufacturing wheel by electromagnetic high energy capacity forming method
JP2005095982A (en) * 2003-09-04 2005-04-14 Kobe Steel Ltd Aluminum alloy-made wheel rim for automobile, and method for manufacturing the same
JP2015167971A (en) * 2014-03-07 2015-09-28 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Manufacturing method for molded body

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2019018215A (en) 2019-02-07
JP6529548B2 (en) 2019-06-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR100981100B1 (en) Coolant-containing hollow poppet valve and process for producing the same
JP6529548B2 (en) Electromagnetic forming method of aluminum material
JP2012517901A (en) Method for manufacturing press-hardened metal components
US20150107076A1 (en) Cylindrical Surface Repair Method
US10525521B2 (en) Method of manufacturing rolling bearing ring and rolling bearing ring
CN109478834B (en) Method for manufacturing core board
US20160169283A1 (en) Outer ring and roller bearing comprising said type of outer ring
WO2013174446A1 (en) Method for producing a bearing ring
US10208361B2 (en) Method for the production of a seamless, multilayered tubular product, and round or polygonal block for use in this method
CN104646579A (en) High-frequency rotary precision-forging compounding method for metal composite tube and rod manufacturing
ES2411477T3 (en) Cylindrical tread surface as well as process for the manufacture of a cylindrical tread surface
US10730098B2 (en) Method of manufacturing rolling bearing ring
US20130025338A1 (en) Tube-forging method
US2250645A (en) Welding electrode
US11446729B2 (en) Method for the production of an internal stop in a tubular component
DE102009036716A1 (en) Coating process for material surfaces involves using thermal spray to coat surface followed by at least one electromagnetic pulse technology (EMPT) process
US10265798B2 (en) Magnetic pulse welding of engine components
RU2539499C1 (en) Production of built-up cutting tool
CN206527168U (en) A kind of water tank wire-drawing frame
RU2483858C1 (en) Device for static pulse flaring of ball bearing outer race inner way
JP6326933B2 (en) Ring manufacturing method
US20220275854A1 (en) Method for producing a threaded nut of a threaded drive, in particular a ball screw nut of a ball screw drive
CN111203625A (en) Precision rail manufacturing method and precision rail
DE102022105774A1 (en) Method for machining a crankcase and crankcase
KR20070099005A (en) Method and device for upsetting

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18831429

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18831429

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1