WO2019012868A1

WO2019012868A1 - Organ model

Info

Publication number: WO2019012868A1
Application number: PCT/JP2018/021731
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陽平浅野
Original assignee: オリンパス株式会社
Priority date: 2017-07-12
Filing date: 2018-06-06
Publication date: 2019-01-17

Abstract

The present invention is equipped with a renal pelvis 53 having a conduit 53i into which an endoscope 90 is inserted, and a renal calyx 54 that has a bottomed hole 54i communicating with the conduit 53i and is such that an opening of the hole 54i is connected to the renal pelvis 53, a plurality of renal calyces 54 being detachably attachable to the renal pelvis 53.

Description

Organ model

The present invention relates to an organ model comprising a tube body having a conduit into which an endoscope is inserted.

In recent years, endoscopes are widely used in the medical field. The endoscope can perform observation, treatment, etc. of a test site in an organ by inserting the elongated insertion portion into the organ in the body.

Here, depending on the organ, a very high technique may be required for the operator to observe and treat the inside of the organ.

Therefore, it is known that the training for the purpose of the technical study of the endoscope is performed by the operator using the organ model including the tube body imitating the organ having the duct into which the endoscope can be inserted. It is done.

However, decomposition is not possible in generally marketed organ models. For this reason, in order to arrange, for example, those simulating calculus in the organ model, it is necessary to use a treatment tool inserted in the treatment tool insertion channel of the endoscope inserted in the organ model. It was very complicated.

Furthermore, for example, when training is performed by storing fluid in an organ model in order to simulate the kidney, if the organ model can not be disassembled, the fluid can not be completely drained after training, and the organ model can not be sufficiently dried. Therefore, there is a problem that the inside of the organ model is corroded.

In view of such a problem, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 10-211160, in the organ model of the large intestine, a plurality of intestinal units constituting the large intestine which is a tube body can be detachably attached to each other by using a fitting fixture. Configuration is disclosed.

By the way, the organs of the human body have large individual differences in size, shape, number and so on. Therefore, with an organ model of one type of shape as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-211160, training can be easily performed if the operator gets used to it. For this reason, there was a problem that the training effect was low. Therefore, a configuration of an organ model that can simulate individual differences among organs is desired.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an organ model having a configuration capable of simulating actual shapes of various organs.

The organ model according to one aspect of the present invention includes a tube body having a duct into which an endoscope is inserted, and a bottomed hole communicating with the duct, and the opening of the hole is connected to the tube. An end part, and the tube body is detachable with a plurality of the end parts.

A perspective view schematically showing an appearance of a training device equipped with a kidney model of the present embodiment A top view of the kidney model disposed in the housing of the training device of FIG. 1 together with the housing from the direction II in FIG. 1 The figure which expands and shows the connection site | part of the action | operation member enclosed by III line in FIG. 2, and a holding | maintenance part The top view which saw the fixed plate of FIG. 2 from IV direction in FIG. 2 The partial perspective view which expands and shows a part of the action | operation member of FIG. 2 with a guide member An enlarged perspective view showing a kidney unit different from FIG. 2 A partial enlarged perspective view showing how one kidney cup unit can be attached to and detached from the renal pelvis unit of FIG. 2 A partial enlarged perspective view showing a modification of the shape of the kidney cup unit of FIG. 7 Partial perspective view showing an example of a unit imitating a linear kidney Partial perspective view showing an example of a unit imitating dendrite type kidney A partial perspective view showing an example of a unit imitating a giant kidney

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, it should be noted that the drawings are schematic, and the relationship between the thickness and width of each member, the ratio of the thickness of each member, and the like are different from actual ones. It is a matter of course that portions having different dimensional relationships and ratios from one another are included. In the embodiment described below, the organ model is described by taking a kidney model as an example.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the appearance of a training device equipped with the kidney model of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows the kidney model in the training device shown in FIG. It is the top view seen with the housing | casing from II direction.

3 is an enlarged view of the connecting portion between the actuating member and the holding portion surrounded by the line III in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a plan view of the fixing plate of FIG. 2 from the IV direction in FIG. FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view showing a part of the actuating member of FIG. 2 in an enlarged manner together with a guide member.

Further, FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view showing a kidney unit different from FIG. 2, FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged perspective view showing a state in which one kidney cup unit is detachable from the renal pelvis unit in FIG. [FIG. 8] is a partially enlarged perspective view showing a modification of the shape of the kidney cup unit of FIG.

Further, FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view showing an example of a unit simulating a linear kidney, FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view showing an example of a unit simulating a dendrite kidney, and FIG. It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows an example of the unit which imitated.

As shown in FIG. 1, a kidney model 1 which is an organ model of the present embodiment is provided in a housing 100 in which an opening 100 k can be freely opened and closed by a lid 101.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the kidney model 1 is a renal pelvis unit 53 which is a tube body having a channel 53 i into which the endoscope 90 is inserted, and is detachable from the renal cup unit 53. A kidney unit 55 is comprised of a kidney cup unit 54 which is an end part having a bottomed hole 54i.

In addition, in FIG. 2, in order to simplify a drawing, although the case where only one kidney unit 55 is provided in the kidney model 1 is mentioned as an example and shown as an example, in the human body, two kidneys are shown. In most cases, the kidney model 1 may be provided with two kidney units 55.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the kidney unit 55 is a kidney unit 55a imitating a linear kidney shown in FIG. 9 listed in a known anatomical atlas, a dendrite type shown in FIG. It is a part of a kidney unit 55b imitating a kidney, and a kidney unit 55c imitating an enlarged kidney shown in FIG. The kidney unit 55 has a renal pelvis unit 53 'which is a tubular body having a shape shown in FIG. 2 or a duct 53i' shown in FIG. 6, and a hole 54i ' Various shapes can be considered according to the individual differences of the actual human body, such as a shape like a kidney unit 55 'composed of a kidney cup unit 54' which is an end part having.

Therefore, the shape of the

kidney unit

55, 55 'is of course not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 2 or FIG.

The renal pelvis unit 53, 53 'has a shape that imitates an actual renal pelvis, and is made of a flexible resin, rubber or the like.

The renal pelvis unit 53, 53 'may be formed of either a translucent member or a non-transparent member. When the endoscope 90 is inserted into the

renal pelvis unit

53 or 53 ′ and illuminated with illumination light if the endoscope 90 is formed of a semitransparent member, the operator can use the renal pelvis unit 53 or the renal pelvis unit 53 through the opening 100k. The tip of the insertion portion of the endoscope 90 is located from the outside of the 53 'to where on the renal pelvis unit 53 or 53', that is, the observation position can be easily visually recognized, thus producing an effect that an unskilled operator can easily train .

The kidney cup unit 54, 54 'has a shape that imitates an actual kidney cup, and is made of a flexible resin, rubber or the like, similar to the renal pelvis unit 53, 53'.

The renal cup unit 54, 54 'may be made of either a translucent member or a nontransparent member for the same reason as the renal pelvis unit 53, 53'.

In FIG. 2, the kidney cup unit 54, 54 'is shown as an example of being configured of three, but may be configured of other than three. Further, it may be configured as one, or as shown in FIG. 8, it may have a configuration provided with a plurality of

holes

54i, 54i 'communicating with one opening 54h, 54h'. Absent.

After the kidney cup unit 54, 54 'is connected to the renal pelvis unit 53, 53', the

openings

54h, 54h 'become detachable so that the

holes

54i, 54i' communicate with the

ducts

53i, 53i ' There is.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the

openings

54h and 54h ′ are screwing portions that can be screwed on

female screw portions

53n and 53n ′ provided in the

renal pelvis unit

53 and 53 ′.

Male threads

54n, 54n 'are provided. Since the

male screw parts

54n, 54n 'can be screwed into the

female screw parts

53n, 53n', the kidney cup unit 54, 54 'is detachably attached to the renal pelvis unit 53, 53'.

Further, in order to ensure water tightness when screwing the kidney cup unit 54, 54 'to the renal pelvis unit 53, 53', the

male screw portion

54n, 54n 'and the adjacent portion of the

male screw portion

54n, 54n' , A watertight member 40 is provided.

In addition, as the watertight member 40, a sealing material, a rubber material, an O-ring, etc. wound around the outer periphery of

male screw part

54n, 54n 'are mentioned.

Returning to FIG. 2, the kidney model 1 has a drive unit K that periodically vibrates or swings at least the

renal pelvis unit

53, 53 ′ and the

renal cup unit

54, 54 ′.

Specifically, the drive unit K includes the holding unit H, the operation member M, the power supply 5, the adjustment cam 6 which is the adjustment unit, the control panel 7 which is the adjustment unit, and the guide shaft 10 which is the guide member. The main part is configured by including the power supply cord 105 and the movement

range restricting plates

106 and 107.

The holding unit H holds the renal pelvis unit 53, 53 'and the renal cup unit 54, 54' connected to the renal pelvis unit 53, 53 ', that is, the

renal unit

55, 55'. The control panel 7 periodically moves in the longitudinal direction N.

Specifically, the holding portion H includes the holding member 22 for holding the

kidney unit

55 or 55 'and the holding plate 21 having the holding member 22 fixed, for example, L-shaped, and the main portion is configured. It is done.

As described above, since two

kidney units

55 or 55 'may be provided in the kidney model 1, the holding portion H is composed of two. That is, two holding plates 21 and two holding members 22 are provided. Of course, in the case where there is one

kidney unit

55 or 55 ', the holding portion H may be composed of one.

The holding portion H is disposed in the movement

range restricting plates

106 and 107 provided in the housing 100 so as to be guided by the two guide shafts 10 having a longitudinal axis in a predetermined direction. It is connected to an actuating member M that reciprocates in a substantially parallel longitudinal axis direction N.

The operating member M includes a moving member 30, two fixed columns 30h, two fixed plates 31, two fixed screws 32, two attachment members 33, and four guided members 34. The main part is composed.

As shown in FIG. 5, the moving member 30 is formed of a flat plate, and has a substantially cylindrical shape provided on each end of the longitudinal axis direction N at both sides in the direction R orthogonal to the longitudinal axis direction N. The four guided members 34 are respectively coated on the outer circumferences of the two guide shafts 10.

As a result, in the state of being axially supported movably in the longitudinal axis direction N by the two guide shafts 10, as shown in FIG. 2, the vibration defined by the movement

range restricting plates

106 and 107 in the longitudinal axis direction N Alternatively, vibration or rocking is possible in the rocking range W.

In addition, since the movement

range restricting plates

106 and 107 are configured to be movably fixed in the longitudinal axis direction N in the housing 100, the vibration or swing range W of the moving member 30 can be made variable. It has become.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, fixed columns 30 h are provided at substantially the central portion in the direction R of the moving member 30 and at both ends in the longitudinal axis direction N, and two holes 30 ha of each fixed column 30 h are provided. The fixed plate 31 is detachable so as to be positioned substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis direction N.

Furthermore, each fixing screw 32 is detachable from each fixing plate 31. Specifically, a plurality of screw holes 31 h are formed in each fixing plate 31, and the fixing screw 32 can be freely screwed to an arbitrary screw hole 31 h.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the mounting members 33 are fixed to the fixing screws 32 respectively, and the mounting plate 33 can change the mounting angle freely as described above. As shown in FIG. 3, for example, they are connected by a ball joint 33b. As a result, the holding unit H is connected to the actuating member M.

That is, one or two

kidney units

55 or 55 'are connected to the actuating member M while being held by the holding unit H.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the adjustment cam 6 is electrically connected to the moving member 30. A control panel 7 to which the power supply 5 and the power cord 105 are extended is electrically connected to the adjustment cam 6. The control panel 7 may be fixed to the kidney model 1 or may be operated separately from the kidney model 1.

The control panel 7 is provided with a power switch 7a and a rotatable variable switch 7b for changing the amplitude or period of vibration or swing.

When the power switch 7a is turned on in a state where the power supply cord 105 is electrically connected to the power supply cord 105, the adjustment cam 6 vibrates or swings the operating member M according to the rotational operation position of the variable switch 7b. It adjusts the amplitude or period.

When the actuating member M vibrates or swings in the longitudinal direction N, the holding portion H connected to the actuating member M, ie, the

kidney unit

55 or 55 'held by the holding portion H also in the longitudinal direction N , Vibrate or oscillate at the amplitude or cycle set by the variable switch 7b.

As a result, the

kidney unit

55, 55 'is made of a material having the above-mentioned flexibility which can be deformed by the application of vibration or rocking by the drive unit K so as not to be damaged by vibration or rocking. ing.

The

kidney unit

55 or 55 'is connected to a fluid delivery unit S which communicates with the channel 53i and the hole 54i and feeds the fluid to the channel 53i and the hole 54i.

The liquid feeding portion S includes a liquid feeding tank 8, a liquid feeding conduit 57 which is another conduit, a syringe conduit 58 which is another conduit, and a syringe 59 to constitute a main part. There is.

One end of the liquid delivery conduit 57 is detachable from the

renal pelvis unit

53 or 53 ′, and the other end is detachable from the liquid feeding tank 8.

Water or physiological saline is stored in the liquid transfer tank 8 and the liquid is fed to the

kidney unit

55 or 55 'by opening a valve body (not shown) provided in the liquid transfer channel 57. This makes it possible to clear the field of view of the endoscope 90 in the

kidney unit

55 or 55 'without injecting fluid from the endoscope 90, and to inject a liquid into the

kidney unit

55 or 55'. Mimic urine in the kidneys of

Further, one end of the syringe channel 58 is detachable at a mid position of the liquid feed channel 57, and the syringe 59 is detachable at the other end of the syringe channel 58.

A colored liquid such as ink or iodine liquid is injected into the syringe 59, and the colored liquid is sent to the

kidney unit

55 or 55 'through the syringe line 58 and the liquid sending line 57. As a result, the bleeding in the body is simulated in the

kidney unit

55 or 55 'to simulate the visual field failure of the endoscope 90.

Furthermore, the drainage unit D capable of draining the fluid in the conduit 53i or the hole 54i is connected to the

kidney unit

55 or 55 ′.

The drainage part D includes a ureteral unit 50 and a drainage port 108, and is configured as a main part. The ureteral unit 50 is formed in a tubular shape, and one end thereof is detachable from the renal pelvis unit 53 or 53 ', and an opening 52 for inserting the endoscope 90 inside is formed at the other end. . Furthermore, the drainage port 51 is opened at an intermediate position. The drainage port 51 is opened at a position substantially opposite to the drainage port 108.

Therefore, the liquid in the

kidney unit

55 or 55 'is drained from the drainage port 51 when the valve body (not shown) provided in the ureteral unit 50 is opened, and the liquid from the drainage port 108 outside the housing 100 Be drained.

In addition, the liquid drained from the drain port 108 is returned again to the liquid feeding tank 8 by connecting the drain port 108 to the liquid feeding tank 8, and the liquid is discharged to the

kidney unit

55 or 55 '. It may be configured to be perfused.

As a result, the observation or treatment with the endoscope 90 inserted in the

kidney unit

55 or 55 'can be performed while the fluid is always stored in the

kidney unit

55 or 55' and the ureteral unit 50. As it can, it can simulate the condition filled with urine, like a real kidney or ureter.

The other configurations are similar to those of the conventional kidney model.

Thus, in the present embodiment, it has been shown that one or more kidney cup units 54, 54 'are detachable from the renal pelvis unit 53, 53'.

According to this, it is possible to easily remove the kidney cup unit 54, 54 'from the

renal pelvis unit

53, 53'. , 54 'can be easily installed.

Furthermore, even if drainage is performed using drainage D after the training is completed, the fluid remaining in the renal pelvis unit 53, 53 'or renal cup unit 54, 54' can be easily dewatered. , Makes the drying operation easier.

In addition, since kidney cup units 54, 54 'having various shapes can be attached and detached, individual differences of the human body in the kidney can be more accurately reproduced, so that kidneys of various shapes can be simulated, and the clinical practice can be realized. It is possible to do advanced training close to.

From the above, it is possible to provide a kidney model 1 having a configuration capable of simulating actual shapes of various organs.

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, it is shown that the holding plate 21 is connected to the mounting member 33 by the ball joint 33b so that the mounting angle can be varied.

According to this, the holding angle of the

kidney unit

55 or 55 'held by the holding portion H can be freely changed. For this reason, since individual differences of the human body in the kidney can be reproduced more accurately, since various shapes of the kidney can be simulated, it is possible to perform high-level training close to a real clinic.

Furthermore, a plurality of screw holes 31h are formed in each fixing plate 31, and the fixing screw 32 can be screwed into any screw hole 31h, so that the mounting position of the fixing screw to the fixing plate 31 can be varied. It has become.

For this reason, since the attachment position of the

kidney unit

55 or 55 'held by the holding portion H can be freely changed, individual differences of the human body in the kidney can be more accurately reproduced. Therefore, since various shapes of kidneys can be simulated, it is possible to perform high-level training close to a real clinic.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the drive unit K is shown to periodically vibrate or rock at least the

kidney unit

55 or 55 '.

According to this, when observing or treating the inside of the

kidney unit

55 or 55 'through the ureteral unit 50, the

kidney unit

55 or 55' periodically vibrates or swings. From this, it is possible to simulate the actual movement of the

kidney unit

55 or 55 'which moves continuously due to the subject's breathing, pulsation, etc. by movement close to the human body.

Further, the amplitude or cycle of vibration or swing of the actuating member M and the holding portion H can be freely adjusted by the adjustment cam 6 and the control panel 7. From this, it is possible to simulate the actual movement linked to the respiration, pulsation and the like of the

kidney unit

55 or 55 'held by the holding unit H, by a movement closer to the human body.

Therefore, by being able to reproduce the interlocking | linkability with a respiration, a beat, etc., the kidney model 1 which comprises the structure which imitated the movement of an actual kidney can be provided.

In the embodiment described above, the case where one

kidney unit

55 or 55 'is held for two holding portions H is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. Needless to say, the present invention is also applicable to the case where the

kidney unit

55 or 55 'is held in each of the sections H.

In this case, it is sufficient that the fluid delivery unit S is connected to each

kidney unit

55 or 55 ′, and the drainage unit D is connected to each

kidney unit

55 or 55 ′.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the organ model is described by taking the kidney model 1 as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. It is needless to say that the present invention is also applicable to other organ models such as.

This application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-136046 filed on Jul. 12, 2017 as a basis for claiming priority, and the above contents are described in the specification, claims, drawings, and the like. Cited in the

Claims

A tube body having a conduit into which the endoscope is inserted;
An end part having a bottomed hole in communication with the conduit, and an opening of the hole connected to the tube body;
Equipped with
An organ model in which the tube body has a plurality of the end parts detachable.
The organ model according to claim 1, wherein the opening of the end part has a screwing portion to be screwed into the tube body.
A watertight member for securing watertightness when the screwing portion is screwed to the tube body is provided at the screwing portion or an adjacent portion of the screwing portion. Organ model.
The organ model according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the bottomed holes are provided in the end part.
The organ model according to claim 1, further comprising a drive unit that vibrates or swings at least the tube body and the end part.
The organ model according to claim 5, wherein the drive unit periodically vibrates or swings at least the tube body and the end part.
The organ model according to claim 6, wherein the drive unit has an adjustment unit that adjusts the amplitude or period of vibration or oscillation.
The organ model according to claim 7, wherein the tube body has a flexibility that can be deformed by the application of vibration or oscillation by the drive unit.
The driving unit includes a holding unit configured to hold the tube body or the end part and to be guided by a guide member having a longitudinal axis in a predetermined direction.
The organ model according to claim 5, wherein the holder is variably connected at an angle to an actuating member that reciprocates in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis, which is a part of the drive unit. .
The organ model according to claim 9, wherein the working shaft is connected to the holding unit by a ball joint.
The organ model according to claim 1, further comprising a liquid feeding portion that is in fluid communication with the conduit and the bottomed hole and that feeds liquid to the conduit and the bottomed hole.
The organ model according to claim 11, wherein the liquid delivery unit includes another conduit different from the conduit communicating with the conduit or the bottomed hole.
The organ model according to claim 1, wherein the conduit communicates with a drainage portion capable of draining the liquid in the conduit or the bottomed hole.