WO2019012528A1 - System and method for establishing a session - Google Patents

System and method for establishing a session Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019012528A1
WO2019012528A1 PCT/IL2018/050749 IL2018050749W WO2019012528A1 WO 2019012528 A1 WO2019012528 A1 WO 2019012528A1 IL 2018050749 W IL2018050749 W IL 2018050749W WO 2019012528 A1 WO2019012528 A1 WO 2019012528A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
devices
session
master
network
group
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IL2018/050749
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Afnan HAJ-ALI
Original Assignee
Haj Ali Afnan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Haj Ali Afnan filed Critical Haj Ali Afnan
Publication of WO2019012528A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019012528A1/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/06Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066Session management
    • H04L65/1069Session establishment or de-establishment
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/40Support for services or applications
    • H04L65/403Arrangements for multi-party communication, e.g. for conferences
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/06Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
    • H04W4/08User group management
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00Network topologies
    • H04W84/18Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Definitions

  • the present subject matter relates generally to establishing a conference. More specifically, the present subject matter relates to an autonomous communication platform for establishing a data, audio and/or video conference for a plurality of user communication devices.
  • a system for establishing a session comprising a plurality of devices, and wherein the system is configured to establish P2MP sessions and P2P sessions between the devices.
  • any device is configured to operate as a master or a slave.
  • the plurality of devices is configured to establish an autonomous networking platform.
  • any device is configured to operate as a relay.
  • a relay device is configured to be replaced by another device according to the distance of the device from the master.
  • the plurality of devices is configured to establish a session by establishing a communication hierarchy comprising a master, slaves and relays, and wherein the relays are configured to enable communication between a master and remote slaves.
  • a device that is a slave in a first session is configured to serve as relay in a second session, wherein data received by the device in the first session is transferred to device in the second session.
  • the communication hierarchy is configured to expand coverage by adding additional levels to the hierarchy, by causing devices to operate as relays.
  • the plurality of devices is configured to establish a session by using a network.
  • the network is a Wi-Fi network.
  • the system is configured to establish a session between a guide and group.
  • the guide uses a master device and members of the group use devices that may serve either as slave or relays.
  • the communication is a real-time communication.
  • FIG. 1 shows a high-level block diagram of a computing device according to illustrative embodiments of the present subject matter
  • FIG. 2 shows a high-level block diagram of a computing device according to illustrative embodiments of the present subject matter
  • FIG. 3 shows a high-level block diagram of a system according to illustrative embodiments of the present subject matter.
  • FIG. 4 shows a high-level block diagram of a system and flows according to illustrative embodiments of the present subject matter.
  • the terms “plurality” and “a plurality” as used herein may include, for example, “multiple” or “two or more”.
  • the terms “plurality” or “a plurality” may be used throughout the specification to describe two or more components, devices, elements, units, parameters, or the like.
  • the term “set” when used herein may include one or more items.
  • the method embodiments described herein are not constrained to a particular order or sequence. Additionally, some of the described method embodiments or elements thereof can occur or be performed simultaneously, at the same point in time, or concurrently.
  • Computing device 100 may include a controller 105 that may be a hardware controller.
  • controller 105 may be, or may include, a central processing unit processor (CPU), a chip or any suitable computing or computational device, an operating system 115, a memory 120, executable code 125, a storage system 130, input devices 135 and output devices 140.
  • CPU central processing unit processor
  • Controller 105 may be configured (e.g., by executing software or code) to carry out methods described herein, and/or to execute or act as the various modules, units, etc. More than one computing device 100 may be included in, and one or more computing devices 100 may be, or act as the components of, a system according to some embodiments of the invention, for example, a plurality of smartphones may be included in a system as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. For example, by executing executable code 125 stored in memory 120, a set of controllers 105 in a respective set of mobile communication devices may be configured to carry out a method of establishing a conference call or session as described herein. For the sake of simplicity only, the definition of the term "session" as described herein may include also a conference call.
  • Operating system 115 may be or may include any code segment (e.g., one similar to executable code 125 described herein) designed and/or configured to perform tasks involving coordination, scheduling, arbitration, supervising, controlling or otherwise managing operation of computing device 100, for example, scheduling execution of software programs or enabling software programs or other modules or units to communicate.
  • Operating system 115 may be a commercial operating system, e.g., iOS or Android. It will be noted that an operating system 115 may be an optional component, e.g., in some embodiments, a system may include a computing device that does not require or include an operating system 115.
  • Memory 120 may be a hardware memory.
  • memory 120 may be, or may include, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Synchronous DRAM (SD-RAM), a double data rate (DDR) memory chip, a Flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, a cache memory, a buffer, a short-term memory unit, a long-term memory unit, or other suitable memory units or storage units.
  • Memory 120 may be or may include a plurality of, possibly different memory units.
  • Memory 120 may be a computer or processor non-transitory readable medium, or a computer non- transitory storage medium, e.g., a RAM. Some embodiments may include a non-transitory storage medium having stored thereon instructions which when executed cause the processor to carry out methods disclosed herein.
  • Executable code 125 may be any executable code, e.g., an application (e.g., downloaded from Google Play), a program, a process, task or script. Executable code 125 may be executed by controller 105 possibly under control of operating system 115. For example, executable code 125 may be an application that establishes a conference call or session as further described herein. Although, for the sake of clarity, a single item of executable code 125 is shown in Fig. 1, a system according to some embodiments of the invention may include a plurality of executable code segments similar to executable code 125 that may be loaded into memory 120 and cause controller 105 to carry out methods described herein. For example, units or modules described herein (e.g., with reference to Fig. 2) may be, or may include, controller 105, memory 120 and executable code 125.
  • an application e.g., downloaded from Google Play
  • executable code 125 may be executed by controller 105 possibly under control of operating system 115.
  • executable code 125 may be
  • Storage system 130 may be or may include, for example, a hard disk drive, a CD- Recordable (CD-R) drive, a universal serial bus (USB) device or other suitable removable and/or fixed storage unit. Content may be stored in storage system 130 and may be loaded from storage system 130 into memory 120 where it may be processed by controller 105. In some embodiments, some of the components shown in Fig. 1 may be omitted. For example, memory 120 may be a non-volatile memory having the storage capacity of storage system 130. Accordingly, although shown as a separate component, storage system 130 may be embedded or included in memory 120.
  • Input device 135 may be or may include a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen or pad or any suitable input device. It will be recognized that any suitable number of input devices may be operatively connected to computing device 100 as shown by block 135.
  • Output device 140 may include one or more displays or monitors, speakers and/or any other suitable output devices. It will be recognized that any suitable number of output devices may be operatively connected to computing device 100 as shown by block 140. Any applicable input/output (I/O) devices may be connected to computing device 100 as shown by blocks 135 and 140. For example, a wired or wireless network interface card (NIC), a printer, a universal serial bus (USB) device or external hard drive may be included in input devices 135 and/or output devices 140. I/O devices 135 and 140 may include wireless components (e.g., Bluetooth and Wi-Fi components), audio headset, earphones, speakers or any other applicable devices or components, e.g., as included in or attachable to a smartphone.
  • wireless components e.g., Bluetooth and Wi-Fi components
  • audio headset e.g., earphones, speakers or any other applicable devices or components, e.g., as included in or attachable to a smartphone.
  • a system may include components such as, but not limited to, a plurality of central processing units (CPU) or any other suitable multi-purpose or specific processors or controllers (e.g., controllers similar to controller 105), a plurality of input units, a plurality of output units, a plurality of memory units, and a plurality of storage units.
  • a system may additionally include other suitable hardware components and/or software components.
  • a system may include or may be, for example, a plurality of personal or desktop computers, laptop computers and/or a plurality of mobile communication devices, e.g., smartphones.
  • computing device 100 may be, or may be included in, a smartphone.
  • Computing device 200 may be, or may include components of, computing device 100.
  • Computing device 200 may be any one of: a smartphone, a tablet and a laptop, a home computer or any other suitable computing device adapted to communicate over a network.
  • computing device may include an operating system (e.g., operating system 115), a memory (e.g., memory 120), a Wi-Fi hardware communication unit, an audio hardware unit, and a plurality of software components (e.g., a plurality of executable code segments 125) such as: an application; an audio control unit; and a network service layer (e.g., as shown by peer connectivity).
  • an operating system e.g., operating system 115
  • memory e.g., memory 120
  • Wi-Fi hardware communication unit e.g., Wi-Fi hardware communication unit
  • an audio hardware unit e.g., a Wi-Fi hardware communication unit
  • an audio hardware unit e.g., a plurality of software components
  • a plurality of software components e.g., a plurality of executable code segments 125
  • an application e.g., an audio control unit
  • a network service layer e.g., as shown by peer connectivity
  • computing device may include or may be operatively connected to speakers, earphones and microphone.
  • computing device may be adapted to communicate over a network using IEEE 802.11 [X] protocols, peer to peer (P2P) and peer to multipeer (P2MP) protocols, unicast, multicast and computing device 200 may be adapted to establish bidirectional audio sessions and/or adapted for receiving/transmitting multimedia files, e.g. receiving/transmitting Audio/Video/photos, chat texts, motions, gestures, online video/audio streaming or offline best effort lossless and the like.
  • IEEE 802.11 [X] protocols peer to peer (P2P) and peer to multipeer (P2MP) protocols
  • unicast multicast
  • computing device 200 may be adapted to establish bidirectional audio sessions and/or adapted for receiving/transmitting multimedia files, e.g. receiving/transmitting Audio/Video/photos, chat texts, motions, gestures, online video/audio streaming or offline best effort lossless and the like.
  • a system 300 may be or may include an autonomous networking platform that may include a plurality of computing devices Device(O), Device(l), Device(2), Device(3)... Device(63) that may each be similar or same as device 200.
  • Devices system 300 may establish P2MP sessions, e.g., between Device(l) and other devices as shown and devices system 300 may establish P2P sessions, e.g., between Device(2) and Device(O) as shown. Any content may be transferred over sessions (e.g., P2P and P2MP sessions) established by devices in system 300.
  • Any device may be selected or denoted as a master device.
  • Device(O) may be configured or set, by a user, as a master and may further be used to establish a session.
  • a master device may be used for controlling a session, e.g., pause a session, halt or suspend an audio session, muter other devices, add and remove devices from a session and so on.
  • a master adds users (clients) one-by-one to create an autonomous network or to create or build a group.
  • a unique code e.g., a combination of symbols/characters (e.g., lower and upper case or/and base 10 digits (0-9) or non-alphanumeric characters such as ⁇ !
  • (5)#$% ⁇ &* -+ '
  • ⁇ ( ⁇ :;'" ⁇ >,.?/) may be used (e.g., provided by a master) and each user may insert a unique code that he/she got from the Master, or he/she may scan (read) a barcode by an Application from a voucher or from a Website, or the Application may import the code directly to from a regular message where the user got by dedicated message. All users in the group may use a same unique code, the master may have another code which that may be assigned to users group code but his unique code defines him as master of that specific users group.
  • Each device in system 300 can or may operate as master and slave simultaneously, e.g., master to control online/offline P2MP or P2P sessions, and slave to receive data from other masters and to respond to masters, e.g., with ACK's.
  • a device in system 300 may be set to a master and/or a slave mode according to traffic/data streaming direction, e.g., same device can be a master for generating Multicast traffic, and slave for receiving and responses.
  • a device that is selected to be a Relay may: (1) As a slave, get a copy of the traffic and respond (e.g., ACK) and forward traffic to specific-defined son peers, devices or nodes, and (2) As a Relay, forwards traffic in both directions, e.g., upstream and downstream, Device [2], as a Relay, may forward up down traffic from father (Device [1]) to Sons (devices [K...N-1] and down top traffic from each son to fathers (devices [0...K-1] and brothers (devices [K...N-1] except son itself that generates the traffic).
  • father Device [1]
  • Sons devices [K...N-1]
  • down top traffic from each son to fathers devices [0...K-1] and brothers (devices [K...N-1] except son itself that generates the traffic.
  • relay devices devices configured to run or operate as a relay as described herein
  • can be replaced on the fly according to their (possibly changing) distance from a master for example, if a device is selected to be a relay and, at a later stage, it moves such that it is unreachable by the master (e.g., it's out of an area covered by the master), another redundant device (that is in Master coverage) will be selected as a new relay for additional hierarchy levels.
  • rebuilding a communication tree by replacing relays as described may be accomplished in real-time, e.g., milliseconds, accordingly, uninterrupted communication may be provided for a group of devices as described.
  • FIG. 4 showing a high-level block diagram of a system 400 and flows according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • Devices shown in system 400 may be similar or same as devices shown in Fig. 3 and described herein.
  • devices in system 400 may establish a communication hierarchy such that communication of a master device (or other devices) with remote devices is enabled using devices that act as relays.
  • Device[0] may act as a relay for a plurality of devices shown by Device [K]... Device[K+L-l].
  • Device[0] may be a slave in a first session (e.g., a session with the top master device 410) and, in the capacity of a relay, Device[0] may further be a master in a session including Device[0] and Device[K]... Device [K+L-l].
  • a device may transfer any data coming from a (top or actual) master in a first session to devices in a second, possibly remote, session and vice versa, such that devices in a remote session controlled by a relay may be unaware or indifferent to the fact that they are not communicating directly with the actual, top master.
  • a hierarchy may be used to expand coverage, e.g., as distance of remote devices increases, additional levels may be added to a hierarchy by causing devices to operate as relays.
  • a first hierarchy level may include devices who are up to 300 meters away from master device 410, to add devices 600 meters from master device 410, Device[0] may assume relay mode and may act as a master (or representative of a master) for devices Device[K]... Device[K+L+l]. To further expand coverage, e.g., up to 900 meters, Device[K] may operate as a relay for devices Device[K+L+M]... Device[K+L+M-l] who are up to 900 meters in distance from master device 401.
  • a session may be expanded based on a latency threshold (e.g., a threshold round trip time value).
  • a system may automatically expand as described until a latency of remote (or lower level) device is above a predefined latency. It is noted that expansion of a system as described may be done to increase geographical coverage and/or to increase the number of devices in a session. For example, to include in a session a very large number of devices (e.g., hundreds or thousands) who may all be relatively close (e.g., in the same hall, stadium etc.) a hierarchy may be established by a system such that a single device (e.g., master 410) is not required to communicate with too many, other devices.
  • a single device e.g., master 410
  • Any network may be used for establishing a session as described.
  • a network used by some embodiments may be, may comprise or may be part of a private or public IP network, or the internet, or a combination thereof. Additionally or alternatively, a network used by some embodiments may be, comprise or be part of, a global system for mobile communications (GSM) network.
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • a network used may include or comprise an IP network such as the internet, a GSM related network and any equipment for bridging or otherwise connecting such networks as known in the art.
  • a network used may be, may comprise or be part of an integrated services digital network (ISDN), a public switched telephone network (PSTN), a public or private data network, a local area network (LAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), a wide area network (WAN), a wireline or wireless network, a local, regional, or global communication network, a satellite communication network, a cellular communication network, any combination of the preceding and/or any other suitable communication means.
  • ISDN integrated services digital network
  • PSTN public switched telephone network
  • LAN local area network
  • MAN metropolitan area network
  • WAN wide area network
  • wireline or wireless network a local, regional, or global communication network
  • satellite communication network a cellular communication network
  • a network used is a Wi-Fi network
  • embodiments of the subject matter enable and/or provide a multichannel communication platform over a Wi-Fi network, the platform enabling a plurality of devices (e.g., smartphones) to establish sessions or otherwise communicate without requiring cellular reception, ISP services and the like.
  • high quality multimedia sessions e.g., audio and video sessions
  • a system may synchronize (e.g., using relays as described) hundreds of audio/video channels originating at any (possibly different types of) devices with minor latency and high quality.
  • a tourist guide may use his smartphone as a master device (e.g., as device 410) and members of a tourist group (also referred to herein as “group”) can use their devices as slaves/relays (e.g. as devices Device[J]...Device[K-l]).
  • the tourist guide and group are provided with a high-quality multimedia or audio session where background noises are not heard.
  • the tourist guide may use any multicast protocol to communicate with members of the group and each of the guide and group members can use unicast protocol to privately communicate with each other.
  • sessions as described herein may be bidirectional enabling conversations, transferring or sending content and the like.
  • the guide or a member of the group may share content, e.g., by playing a video clip on his or her device and further send or broadcast the played video to other members in the group.
  • Members of a group may record sessions. For example, during a tour, a member in a tourist group may record explanations of the tourist guide in a session while shooting a video such that a recording of video with the commentary of the guide is generated. Any recording or content received or generated by user devices may be uploaded to cloud storage, e.g., as known in the art.
  • cloud storage e.g., as known in the art.
  • real-time communication between devices is provided.
  • the term "real-time” also known and/or referred to in the art as “realtime”, or “real time” as referred to herein generally relates to processing or handling of events at the rate or pace that the events occur or received (possibly defined by human perception).
  • a system may send data from a guide's device to devices of members of a group in real-time, e.g., within milliseconds or other very brief periods so that content such as audio or video from the guide's device is made available, virtually immediately, on devices of members of the group.
  • Real-time may be defined, e.g., by a latency threshold and a system may be scaled up (e.g., by adding relays as described herein) such communicated data is received by all devices in less than a predefined time interval from the time it was sent.
  • a master device may control and/or mange a group or session.
  • master device 410 may add and/or remove devices from a session or group.
  • a master device may present to a user information such as which of the users are within Wi-Fi coverage, which of the users are connected to, or included in, a session (e.g., using a green icon near their avatar or in a list), which of the users are out of a covered area (e.g., using a gray icon), which of the users are disconnected (e.g., using a black icon) and so on.
  • a master device can control devices in a group, e.g., mute devices, cause devices to play a sound, flash and so on, e.g., when searching for a group member who was lost, the guide can cause the user's device to play a specific sound, send location information or flash a light.
  • Users may send requests to a master device.
  • a group member can use his or her device to request a guide to unmute their device.
  • a member of a group can raise a question to, or start conversation with, a master device (e.g. to or with the guide's device), all group members can see or listen to a question or conversation between one or more members and the guide, more members can send requests to the master to join a conversation (e.g. request to unmute).
  • the max number of conversation members is subject to audio/video quality and/or master decision. For example, by continuously, repeatedly or periodically checking quality of sessions on members' devices, system 300 may limit the number of participants in a session such that the quality is kept above a predefined threshold.
  • a user may control his or her device. For example, a user may or select to be exposed to, or seen by, the master and/or other group members or the user may select to be hidden or unseen.
  • a user may accept or deny a request from a master or other user, e.g., accept or deny a request to join a group.
  • a user may exit a group and/or delete a group from a user device.
  • a group of users may use their devices to establish any number of sub-groups that may be included in a respective number of sessions.
  • a first sub-group may include all members of a tourist group and a second sub-group may include only some of the members.
  • a first session (that may be designated as the active or main session) may be as described herein, e.g., used by a guide to speak to all members of the group.
  • a second session may be established by members of the second sub-group and may be used for exchanging text, images or multimedia between the members of the second sub-group. Accordingly, in some embodiments, any number of groups and sessions may be defined and/or established simultaneously.
  • users may be associated with unique identification (ID) codes or numbers and the unique IDs may further be associated with the respective devices. Accordingly, a master may readily and easily identify user devices, e.g., by scanning a Wi-Fi network, identifying devices connected to the Wi-Fi network, receiving IDs from the identified devices and identify users based on the received IDs.
  • ID unique identification
  • each of the verbs, “comprise” “include” and “have”, and conjugates thereof, are used to indicate that the object or objects of the verb are not necessarily a complete listing of components, elements or parts of the subject or subjects of the verb.
  • adjectives such as “substantially” and “about” modifying a condition or relationship characteristic of a feature or features of an embodiment of the disclosure, are understood to mean that the condition or characteristic is defined to within tolerances that are acceptable for operation of an embodiment as described.
  • the word “or” is considered to be the inclusive “or” rather than the exclusive or, and indicates at least one of, or any combination of items it conjoins.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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Abstract

The present subject matter provides a system for establishing a session, the system comprising a plurality of devices, and wherein the system is configured to establish P2MP sessions and P2P sessions between the devices. Additional embodiments of the system and its potential used are disclosed herein.

Description

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ESTABLISHING A SESSION
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[001] This application claims priority to United States Provisional Patent Application No. 62/530,876, filed July 11 , 2017, the entire contents of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
FIELD
[002] The present subject matter relates generally to establishing a conference. More specifically, the present subject matter relates to an autonomous communication platform for establishing a data, audio and/or video conference for a plurality of user communication devices.
BACKGROUND
[003] Establishing conference calls or tele-conference is known in the art. However, to establish a conference that includes wireless communication devices, users need services from at least an internet service provider (ISP). In addition, conference calls established over cellular networks may be of poor quality due to delays, latency and data loss.
SUMMARY
[004] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this subject matter belongs. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present subject matter, suitable methods and materials are described below. In case of conflict, the patent specification, including definitions, will control. In addition, the materials, methods, and examples are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting. [005] According to one aspect of the present subject matter, there is provided a system for establishing a session, the system comprising a plurality of devices, and wherein the system is configured to establish P2MP sessions and P2P sessions between the devices.
[006] According to one embodiment, any device is configured to operate as a master or a slave.
[007] According to another embodiment, the plurality of devices is configured to establish an autonomous networking platform.
[008] According to yet another embodiment, any device is configured to operate as a relay.
[009] According to still another embodiment, a relay device is configured to be replaced by another device according to the distance of the device from the master.
[010] According to a further embodiment, the plurality of devices is configured to establish a session by establishing a communication hierarchy comprising a master, slaves and relays, and wherein the relays are configured to enable communication between a master and remote slaves.
[011] According to yet a further embodiment, a device that is a slave in a first session is configured to serve as relay in a second session, wherein data received by the device in the first session is transferred to device in the second session.
[012] According to still a further embodiment, the communication hierarchy is configured to expand coverage by adding additional levels to the hierarchy, by causing devices to operate as relays.
[013] According to an additional embodiment, the plurality of devices is configured to establish a session by using a network.
[014] According to yet an additional embodiment, the network is a Wi-Fi network.
[015] According to still an additional embodiment, the system is configured to establish a session between a guide and group. [016] According to another embodiment, the guide uses a master device and members of the group use devices that may serve either as slave or relays.
[017] According to yet another embodiment, the communication is a real-time communication.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[018] Embodiments are herein described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings. With specific reference now to the drawings in detail, it is stressed that the particulars shown are by way of example and for purposes of illustrative discussion of the preferred embodiments, and are presented in the cause of providing what is believed to be the most useful and readily understood description of the principles and conceptual aspects of the embodiments. In this regard, no attempt is made to show structural details in more detail than is necessary for a fundamental understanding, the description taken with the drawings making apparent to those skilled in the art how several forms may be embodied in practice.
[019] Non-limiting examples of embodiments of the disclosure are described below with reference to figures attached hereto that are listed following this paragraph. Identical features that appear in more than one figure are generally labeled with a same label in all the figures in which they appear. A label labeling an icon representing a given feature of an embodiment of the disclosure in a figure may be used to reference the given feature. Dimensions of features shown in the figures are chosen for convenience and clarity of presentation and are not necessarily shown to scale.
[020] The subject matter, both as to organization and method of operation, together with objects, features and advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following detailed description when read with the accompanied drawings. Embodiments of the subject matter are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals indicate corresponding, analogous or similar elements.
[021] In the drawings: [022] Fig. 1 shows a high-level block diagram of a computing device according to illustrative embodiments of the present subject matter;
[023] Fig. 2 shows a high-level block diagram of a computing device according to illustrative embodiments of the present subject matter;
[024] Fig. 3 shows a high-level block diagram of a system according to illustrative embodiments of the present subject matter; and
[025] Fig. 4 shows a high-level block diagram of a system and flows according to illustrative embodiments of the present subject matter.
[026] It will be appreciated that for simplicity and clarity of illustration, elements shown in the figures have not necessarily been drawn accurately or to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements may be exaggerated relative to other elements for clarity, or several physical components may be included in one functional block or element. Further, where considered appropriate, reference numerals may be repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[027] Before explaining at least one embodiment in detail, it is to be understood that the subject matter is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The subject matter is capable of other embodiments or of being practiced or carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. In discussion of the various figures described herein below, like numbers refer to like parts. The drawings are generally not to scale.
[028] In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the subject matter. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present subject matter may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, and components, modules, units and/or circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the subject matter. Some features or elements described with respect to one embodiment may be combined with features or elements described with respect to other embodiments. For the sake of clarity, discussion of same or similar features or elements may not be repeated.
[029] Although embodiments of the subject matter are not limited in this regard, discussions utilizing terms such as, for example, "processing," "computing," "calculating," "determining," "establishing", "analyzing", "checking", or the like, may refer to operation(s) and/or process(es) of a computer, a computing platform, a computing system, or other electronic computing device, that manipulates and/or transforms data represented as physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within the computer's registers and/or memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer's registers and/or memories or other information non-transitory storage medium that may store instructions to perform operations and/or processes. Although embodiments of the subject matter are not limited in this regard, the terms "plurality" and "a plurality" as used herein may include, for example, "multiple" or "two or more". The terms "plurality" or "a plurality" may be used throughout the specification to describe two or more components, devices, elements, units, parameters, or the like. The term "set" when used herein may include one or more items. Unless explicitly stated, the method embodiments described herein are not constrained to a particular order or sequence. Additionally, some of the described method embodiments or elements thereof can occur or be performed simultaneously, at the same point in time, or concurrently.
[030] For clarity, non-essential elements were omitted from some of the drawings.
[031] Reference is made to Fig. 1, showing a high-level block diagram of a computing device 100 according to some embodiments of the present subject matter. For the sake of simplicity only, the term "computing device 100" may occasionally designated herein "device 100". Computing device 100 may include a controller 105 that may be a hardware controller. For example, controller 105 may be, or may include, a central processing unit processor (CPU), a chip or any suitable computing or computational device, an operating system 115, a memory 120, executable code 125, a storage system 130, input devices 135 and output devices 140. Controller 105 (or one or more controllers or processors, possibly across multiple units or devices) may be configured (e.g., by executing software or code) to carry out methods described herein, and/or to execute or act as the various modules, units, etc. More than one computing device 100 may be included in, and one or more computing devices 100 may be, or act as the components of, a system according to some embodiments of the invention, for example, a plurality of smartphones may be included in a system as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. For example, by executing executable code 125 stored in memory 120, a set of controllers 105 in a respective set of mobile communication devices may be configured to carry out a method of establishing a conference call or session as described herein. For the sake of simplicity only, the definition of the term "session" as described herein may include also a conference call.
[032] Operating system 115 may be or may include any code segment (e.g., one similar to executable code 125 described herein) designed and/or configured to perform tasks involving coordination, scheduling, arbitration, supervising, controlling or otherwise managing operation of computing device 100, for example, scheduling execution of software programs or enabling software programs or other modules or units to communicate. Operating system 115 may be a commercial operating system, e.g., iOS or Android. It will be noted that an operating system 115 may be an optional component, e.g., in some embodiments, a system may include a computing device that does not require or include an operating system 115.
[033] Memory 120 may be a hardware memory. For example, memory 120 may be, or may include, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Synchronous DRAM (SD-RAM), a double data rate (DDR) memory chip, a Flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, a cache memory, a buffer, a short-term memory unit, a long-term memory unit, or other suitable memory units or storage units. Memory 120 may be or may include a plurality of, possibly different memory units. Memory 120 may be a computer or processor non-transitory readable medium, or a computer non- transitory storage medium, e.g., a RAM. Some embodiments may include a non-transitory storage medium having stored thereon instructions which when executed cause the processor to carry out methods disclosed herein.
[034] Executable code 125 may be any executable code, e.g., an application (e.g., downloaded from Google Play), a program, a process, task or script. Executable code 125 may be executed by controller 105 possibly under control of operating system 115. For example, executable code 125 may be an application that establishes a conference call or session as further described herein. Although, for the sake of clarity, a single item of executable code 125 is shown in Fig. 1, a system according to some embodiments of the invention may include a plurality of executable code segments similar to executable code 125 that may be loaded into memory 120 and cause controller 105 to carry out methods described herein. For example, units or modules described herein (e.g., with reference to Fig. 2) may be, or may include, controller 105, memory 120 and executable code 125.
[035] Storage system 130 may be or may include, for example, a hard disk drive, a CD- Recordable (CD-R) drive, a universal serial bus (USB) device or other suitable removable and/or fixed storage unit. Content may be stored in storage system 130 and may be loaded from storage system 130 into memory 120 where it may be processed by controller 105. In some embodiments, some of the components shown in Fig. 1 may be omitted. For example, memory 120 may be a non-volatile memory having the storage capacity of storage system 130. Accordingly, although shown as a separate component, storage system 130 may be embedded or included in memory 120.
[036] Input device 135 may be or may include a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen or pad or any suitable input device. It will be recognized that any suitable number of input devices may be operatively connected to computing device 100 as shown by block 135.
[037] Output device 140 may include one or more displays or monitors, speakers and/or any other suitable output devices. It will be recognized that any suitable number of output devices may be operatively connected to computing device 100 as shown by block 140. Any applicable input/output (I/O) devices may be connected to computing device 100 as shown by blocks 135 and 140. For example, a wired or wireless network interface card (NIC), a printer, a universal serial bus (USB) device or external hard drive may be included in input devices 135 and/or output devices 140. I/O devices 135 and 140 may include wireless components (e.g., Bluetooth and Wi-Fi components), audio headset, earphones, speakers or any other applicable devices or components, e.g., as included in or attachable to a smartphone.
[038] A system according to some embodiments of the subject matter may include components such as, but not limited to, a plurality of central processing units (CPU) or any other suitable multi-purpose or specific processors or controllers (e.g., controllers similar to controller 105), a plurality of input units, a plurality of output units, a plurality of memory units, and a plurality of storage units. A system may additionally include other suitable hardware components and/or software components. In some embodiments, a system may include or may be, for example, a plurality of personal or desktop computers, laptop computers and/or a plurality of mobile communication devices, e.g., smartphones. For example, computing device 100 may be, or may be included in, a smartphone. [039] Reference is made to Fig. 2, showing a high-level block diagram of a computing device 200 according to some embodiments of the present subject matter. Computing device 200 may be, or may include components of, computing device 100. Computing device 200 may be any one of: a smartphone, a tablet and a laptop, a home computer or any other suitable computing device adapted to communicate over a network. As shown, computing device may include an operating system (e.g., operating system 115), a memory (e.g., memory 120), a Wi-Fi hardware communication unit, an audio hardware unit, and a plurality of software components (e.g., a plurality of executable code segments 125) such as: an application; an audio control unit; and a network service layer (e.g., as shown by peer connectivity).
[040] As shown, computing device may include or may be operatively connected to speakers, earphones and microphone. As further shown, computing device may be adapted to communicate over a network using IEEE 802.11 [X] protocols, peer to peer (P2P) and peer to multipeer (P2MP) protocols, unicast, multicast and computing device 200 may be adapted to establish bidirectional audio sessions and/or adapted for receiving/transmitting multimedia files, e.g. receiving/transmitting Audio/Video/photos, chat texts, motions, gestures, online video/audio streaming or offline best effort lossless and the like.
[041] Reference is made to Fig. 3, showing a high-level block diagram of a system 300 according to some embodiments of the present subject matter. As shown in Fig. 3, a system 300 may be or may include an autonomous networking platform that may include a plurality of computing devices Device(O), Device(l), Device(2), Device(3)... Device(63) that may each be similar or same as device 200. Devices system 300 may establish P2MP sessions, e.g., between Device(l) and other devices as shown and devices system 300 may establish P2P sessions, e.g., between Device(2) and Device(O) as shown. Any content may be transferred over sessions (e.g., P2P and P2MP sessions) established by devices in system 300. For example, text, multimedia, audio, video or any other content such as images may all be transferred, communicated or exchanged over a session between devices in system 300. Any device may be selected or denoted as a master device. For example, Device(O) may be configured or set, by a user, as a master and may further be used to establish a session. A master device may be used for controlling a session, e.g., pause a session, halt or suspend an audio session, muter other devices, add and remove devices from a session and so on. [042] An autonomous networking platform, e.g., between or connecting a plurality of computing devices Device(O), Device(l), Device(2), Device(3)... Device(K=63) may be established by several ways. For example, a master adds users (clients) one-by-one to create an autonomous network or to create or build a group. In another example, a unique code, e.g., a combination of symbols/characters (e.g., lower and upper case or/and base 10 digits (0-9) or non-alphanumeric characters such as ~ ! (5)#$% Λ &* -+ ='|\Π(}Π:;'" < >,.?/) may be used (e.g., provided by a master) and each user may insert a unique code that he/she got from the Master, or he/she may scan (read) a barcode by an Application from a voucher or from a Website, or the Application may import the code directly to from a regular message where the user got by dedicated message. All users in the group may use a same unique code, the master may have another code which that may be assigned to users group code but his unique code defines him as master of that specific users group.
[043] As shown, in some embodiments, the number of devices in system 300 may be K, Device (0), Device (1)... Device (K-l), 0<K<1024, typical value for K=64. Each device in system 300 can or may operate as master and slave simultaneously, e.g., master to control online/offline P2MP or P2P sessions, and slave to receive data from other masters and to respond to masters, e.g., with ACK's. A device in system 300 may be set to a master and/or a slave mode according to traffic/data streaming direction, e.g., same device can be a master for generating Multicast traffic, and slave for receiving and responses. A device that is selected to be a Relay may: (1) As a slave, get a copy of the traffic and respond (e.g., ACK) and forward traffic to specific-defined son peers, devices or nodes, and (2) As a Relay, forwards traffic in both directions, e.g., upstream and downstream, Device [2], as a Relay, may forward up down traffic from father (Device [1]) to Sons (devices [K...N-1] and down top traffic from each son to fathers (devices [0...K-1] and brothers (devices [K...N-1] except son itself that generates the traffic).
[044] In some embodiments relay devices (devices configured to run or operate as a relay as described herein) can be replaced on the fly according to their (possibly changing) distance from a master, for example, if a device is selected to be a relay and, at a later stage, it moves such that it is unreachable by the master (e.g., it's out of an area covered by the master), another redundant device (that is in Master coverage) will be selected as a new relay for additional hierarchy levels. In some embodiments, rebuilding a communication tree by replacing relays as described may be accomplished in real-time, e.g., milliseconds, accordingly, uninterrupted communication may be provided for a group of devices as described.
[045] Reference is made to Fig. 4, showing a high-level block diagram of a system 400 and flows according to some embodiments of the present invention. Devices shown in system 400 may be similar or same as devices shown in Fig. 3 and described herein. As shown, to establish a session, devices in system 400 may establish a communication hierarchy such that communication of a master device (or other devices) with remote devices is enabled using devices that act as relays. For example, Device[0] may act as a relay for a plurality of devices shown by Device [K]... Device[K+L-l]. For example, Device[0] may be a slave in a first session (e.g., a session with the top master device 410) and, in the capacity of a relay, Device[0] may further be a master in a session including Device[0] and Device[K]... Device [K+L-l]. As a relay, a device may transfer any data coming from a (top or actual) master in a first session to devices in a second, possibly remote, session and vice versa, such that devices in a remote session controlled by a relay may be unaware or indifferent to the fact that they are not communicating directly with the actual, top master.
[046] In some embodiments and as illustrated in Fig. 4, a hierarchy may be used to expand coverage, e.g., as distance of remote devices increases, additional levels may be added to a hierarchy by causing devices to operate as relays.
[047] For example, a first hierarchy level may include devices who are up to 300 meters away from master device 410, to add devices 600 meters from master device 410, Device[0] may assume relay mode and may act as a master (or representative of a master) for devices Device[K]... Device[K+L+l]. To further expand coverage, e.g., up to 900 meters, Device[K] may operate as a relay for devices Device[K+L+M]... Device[K+L+M-l] who are up to 900 meters in distance from master device 401. A session may be expanded based on a latency threshold (e.g., a threshold round trip time value). For example, a system may automatically expand as described until a latency of remote (or lower level) device is above a predefined latency. It is noted that expansion of a system as described may be done to increase geographical coverage and/or to increase the number of devices in a session. For example, to include in a session a very large number of devices (e.g., hundreds or thousands) who may all be relatively close (e.g., in the same hall, stadium etc.) a hierarchy may be established by a system such that a single device (e.g., master 410) is not required to communicate with too many, other devices.
[048] Any network may be used for establishing a session as described. A network used by some embodiments may be, may comprise or may be part of a private or public IP network, or the internet, or a combination thereof. Additionally or alternatively, a network used by some embodiments may be, comprise or be part of, a global system for mobile communications (GSM) network. For example, a network used may include or comprise an IP network such as the internet, a GSM related network and any equipment for bridging or otherwise connecting such networks as known in the art. In addition, a network used may be, may comprise or be part of an integrated services digital network (ISDN), a public switched telephone network (PSTN), a public or private data network, a local area network (LAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), a wide area network (WAN), a wireline or wireless network, a local, regional, or global communication network, a satellite communication network, a cellular communication network, any combination of the preceding and/or any other suitable communication means. Accordingly, numerous elements of a network used are implied but not shown, e.g., access points, base stations, communication satellites, GPS satellites, routers, telephone switches, etc. It will be recognized that embodiments of the subject matter are not limited by the nature of a network used.
[049] In a preferred embodiment, a network used is a Wi-Fi network, accordingly, embodiments of the subject matter enable and/or provide a multichannel communication platform over a Wi-Fi network, the platform enabling a plurality of devices (e.g., smartphones) to establish sessions or otherwise communicate without requiring cellular reception, ISP services and the like. Accordingly, high quality multimedia sessions, e.g., audio and video sessions, may be provided regardless of location, reception or other aspects related to non- Wi- Fi networks. A system may synchronize (e.g., using relays as described) hundreds of audio/video channels originating at any (possibly different types of) devices with minor latency and high quality.
[050] For example, in some embodiments, a tourist guide (also referred to herein as "guide") may use his smartphone as a master device (e.g., as device 410) and members of a tourist group (also referred to herein as "group") can use their devices as slaves/relays (e.g. as devices Device[J]...Device[K-l]). Accordingly, using their microphones and earphones, the tourist guide and group are provided with a high-quality multimedia or audio session where background noises are not heard. The tourist guide may use any multicast protocol to communicate with members of the group and each of the guide and group members can use unicast protocol to privately communicate with each other. Of course, sessions as described herein may be bidirectional enabling conversations, transferring or sending content and the like.
[051] In some embodiments, the guide or a member of the group may share content, e.g., by playing a video clip on his or her device and further send or broadcast the played video to other members in the group. Members of a group may record sessions. For example, during a tour, a member in a tourist group may record explanations of the tourist guide in a session while shooting a video such that a recording of video with the commentary of the guide is generated. Any recording or content received or generated by user devices may be uploaded to cloud storage, e.g., as known in the art. One of the advantages of embodiments of the invention is that no ISP or cellular reception or connection are required for establishing sessions as described. For example, with respect to tourist in a foreign country, the ability to establish sessions and/or otherwise communicate as described without having to register with (and pay to) a local ISP may be readily appreciated.
[052] In some embodiments, real-time communication between devices is provided. The term "real-time" (also known and/or referred to in the art as "realtime", or "real time") as referred to herein generally relates to processing or handling of events at the rate or pace that the events occur or received (possibly defined by human perception). For example, a system according to embodiments of the subject matter may send data from a guide's device to devices of members of a group in real-time, e.g., within milliseconds or other very brief periods so that content such as audio or video from the guide's device is made available, virtually immediately, on devices of members of the group. Real-time may be defined, e.g., by a latency threshold and a system may be scaled up (e.g., by adding relays as described herein) such communicated data is received by all devices in less than a predefined time interval from the time it was sent.
[053] A master device may control and/or mange a group or session. For example, master device 410 may add and/or remove devices from a session or group. A master device may present to a user information such as which of the users are within Wi-Fi coverage, which of the users are connected to, or included in, a session (e.g., using a green icon near their avatar or in a list), which of the users are out of a covered area (e.g., using a gray icon), which of the users are disconnected (e.g., using a black icon) and so on. A master device can control devices in a group, e.g., mute devices, cause devices to play a sound, flash and so on, e.g., when searching for a group member who was lost, the guide can cause the user's device to play a specific sound, send location information or flash a light.
[054] Users may send requests to a master device. For example, a group member can use his or her device to request a guide to unmute their device. In another example, or case, a member of a group can raise a question to, or start conversation with, a master device (e.g. to or with the guide's device), all group members can see or listen to a question or conversation between one or more members and the guide, more members can send requests to the master to join a conversation (e.g. request to unmute). The max number of conversation members is subject to audio/video quality and/or master decision. For example, by continuously, repeatedly or periodically checking quality of sessions on members' devices, system 300 may limit the number of participants in a session such that the quality is kept above a predefined threshold.
[055] A user may control his or her device. For example, a user may or select to be exposed to, or seen by, the master and/or other group members or the user may select to be hidden or unseen. A user may accept or deny a request from a master or other user, e.g., accept or deny a request to join a group. A user may exit a group and/or delete a group from a user device.
[056] A group of users may use their devices to establish any number of sub-groups that may be included in a respective number of sessions. For example, a first sub-group may include all members of a tourist group and a second sub-group may include only some of the members. A first session (that may be designated as the active or main session) may be as described herein, e.g., used by a guide to speak to all members of the group. A second session may be established by members of the second sub-group and may be used for exchanging text, images or multimedia between the members of the second sub-group. Accordingly, in some embodiments, any number of groups and sessions may be defined and/or established simultaneously.
[057] In some embodiments, users may be associated with unique identification (ID) codes or numbers and the unique IDs may further be associated with the respective devices. Accordingly, a master may readily and easily identify user devices, e.g., by scanning a Wi-Fi network, identifying devices connected to the Wi-Fi network, receiving IDs from the identified devices and identify users based on the received IDs.
[058] In the description of the present application, each of the verbs, "comprise" "include" and "have", and conjugates thereof, are used to indicate that the object or objects of the verb are not necessarily a complete listing of components, elements or parts of the subject or subjects of the verb. Unless otherwise stated, adjectives such as "substantially" and "about" modifying a condition or relationship characteristic of a feature or features of an embodiment of the disclosure, are understood to mean that the condition or characteristic is defined to within tolerances that are acceptable for operation of an embodiment as described. In addition, the word "or" is considered to be the inclusive "or" rather than the exclusive or, and indicates at least one of, or any combination of items it conjoins.
[059] Descriptions of embodiments of the subject matter in the present application are provided by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the subject matter. The described embodiments comprise different features, not all of which are required in all embodiments. Some embodiments utilize only some of the features or possible combinations of the features. Variations of embodiments of the subject matter that are described, and embodiments comprising different combinations of features noted in the described embodiments, will occur to a person having ordinary skill in the art.
[060] Unless explicitly stated, the method embodiments described herein are not constrained to a particular order in time or chronological sequence. Additionally, some of the described method elements may be skipped, or they may be repeated, during a sequence of operations of a method.
[061] While certain features of the subject matter have been illustrated and described herein, many modifications, substitutions, changes, and equivalents may occur to those skilled in the art. Various embodiments have been presented. Each of these embodiments may of course include features from other embodiments presented, and embodiments not specifically described may include various features described herein.
[062] It is appreciated that certain features of the subject matter, which are, for clarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the subject matter, which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any suitable sub combination.
[063] Although the subject matter has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A system for establishing a session, the system comprising a plurality of devices, and wherein the system is configured to establish P2MP sessions and P2P sessions between the devices.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein any device is configured to operate as a master or a slave.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the plurality of devices is configured to establish an autonomous networking platform.
4. The system of claim 2, wherein any device is configured to operate as a relay.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein a relay device is configured to be replaced by another device according to the distance of the device from the master.
6. The system of claim 4, wherein the plurality of devices is configured to establish a session by establishing a communication hierarchy comprising a master, slaves and relays, and wherein the relays are configured to enable communication between a master and remote slaves.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein a device that is a slave in a first session is configured to serve as relay in a second session, wherein data received by the device in the first session is transferred to device in the second session.
8. The system of claim 6, wherein the communication hierarchy is configured to expand coverage by adding additional levels to the hierarchy, by causing devices to operate as relays.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of devices is configured to establish a session by using a network.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the network is a Wi-Fi network.
11. The system of claim 4, wherein the system is configured to establish a session between a guide and group.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein the guide uses a master device and members of the group use devices that may serve either as slave or relays.
13. The system of claim 6, wherein the communication is a real-time communication.
PCT/IL2018/050749 2017-07-11 2018-07-10 System and method for establishing a session WO2019012528A1 (en)

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