WO2019010864A1 - 噪音滤波器及包括其的耳塞 - Google Patents

噪音滤波器及包括其的耳塞 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019010864A1
WO2019010864A1 PCT/CN2017/108299 CN2017108299W WO2019010864A1 WO 2019010864 A1 WO2019010864 A1 WO 2019010864A1 CN 2017108299 W CN2017108299 W CN 2017108299W WO 2019010864 A1 WO2019010864 A1 WO 2019010864A1
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Prior art keywords
filter
chamber
earplug
diameter
sound
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PCT/CN2017/108299
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
顾少荣
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江阴思安塑胶防护科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2019010864A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019010864A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/10—Details of earpieces, attachments therefor, earphones or monophonic headphones covered by H04R1/10 but not provided for in any of its subgroups

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of filters for filtering noise, and more particularly to a noise filter and an earplug including the same.
  • the present invention is directed to the problems and deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a noise filter and an earplug including the same, which can prevent harmful noise while keeping a part of the required sound intensity within a reasonable range of the human ear. .
  • the present invention provides a noise filter, which is characterized in that it comprises a plug cover and a plug body fixedly connected to the plug cover, and a plurality of sound holes are opened on the distal end of the plug cover, and the plug cover a groove is formed in the proximal end of the ear, and a tuned cotton is embedded in the groove.
  • the plug body has a filtering chamber, a high frequency filtering chamber and a conducting chamber in a direction from the distal end to the proximal end.
  • the diameter of the sound cotton is less than or equal to the diameter of the filtering chamber, and a sound absorbing pad mounting chamber is disposed at a proximal end of the filtering chamber, and a sound absorbing pad is installed in the sound absorbing pad installation room, and the outer diameter of the sound absorbing pad is less than or equal to
  • the diameter of the filtering chamber, the channel hole in the middle of the sound absorbing pad communicates with the high frequency filtering cavity, and the near ear end of the high frequency filtering cavity is provided a filter hole communicating with the conductive cavity, the filter hole having a diameter smaller than a diameter of the high frequency filter cavity.
  • the tuned cotton has a thickness of 0.01 to 1 mm.
  • the distal end of the high-frequency filter cavity has a circular chamfered opening
  • the proximal end is a cone
  • the middle part is a cylinder.
  • the intermediate cylinder of the high frequency filter chamber has a diameter of 0.3 to 3 mm.
  • the filter hole is provided at the top of the near-ear end of the high-frequency filter chamber, and the filter hole has a diameter of 0.01-0.3 mm and a length of 0.01-1 mm.
  • the distal end of the conduction chamber is a cone, and the top of the distal end of the conduction chamber is in communication with the filter aperture.
  • the inner diameter of the conducting cavity is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the high frequency filtering cavity.
  • the proximal end of the plug body is a cylinder, and the end of the proximal end of the plug body is provided as a cone, and the end of the proximal end of the plug body is flush with the end of the proximal end of the conductive cavity .
  • the present invention also provides an earplug, which is characterized in that it comprises the above-mentioned noise filter and an earplug body, and the proximal end of the noise filter is inserted into the filter insertion hole of the earphone body, and the filter is inserted.
  • the inner diameter of the aperture is smaller than the outer diameter of the proximal end of the noise filter.
  • the earplug is further provided with a handle disposed at a proximal end of the noise filter.
  • the invention combines the hole type filter and the tuning cotton to more effectively reduce the harmful noise of various frequencies, and can make the human ear obtain the desired sound. At the same time, it can be used to adjust the pressure inside and outside the ear. It can be used to listen to music, normal communication, sleep, study and work in a noisy environment. Reduce the pressure difference of the ear canal during the flight, soothe the tinnitus and pain in the ear.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a noise filter according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the earplug of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an earplug according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an earplug according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an earplug according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an earplug according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment provides a noise filter including a plug cover 2 and a plug body 1 fixed to the plug cover 2 .
  • the plug cover 2 and the plug body 1 can be integrated. forming.
  • a plurality of sound holes 201 are defined in the distal end of the plug cover 2, and a recess is formed in the proximal end of the plug cover 2, and a tuned cotton 3 is embedded in the recess; the plug body 1 is formed by the far ear.
  • a filtering chamber 101, a high-frequency filtering chamber 103 and a conducting chamber 104 are sequentially disposed from the end to the near-ear end.
  • the diameter of the tuning cotton 3 is less than or equal to the diameter of the filtering chamber 101, and the near-ear of the filtering chamber 101
  • the end of the sound absorbing pad mounting chamber 102 is provided with a circular sound absorbing pad 4, the outer diameter of the sound absorbing pad 4 is less than or equal to the diameter of the filtering chamber 101, and the middle of the sound absorbing pad 4
  • the channel hole 401 is connected to the high-frequency filter cavity 103.
  • the filter hole 105 is connected to the conduction cavity 104.
  • the filter hole 105 has a smaller diameter than the high-frequency filter cavity 103. diameter of.
  • the external sound wave S1 enters through the sound hole 201 on the plastic plug cover 2, first passes through the tuning cotton 3, and then enters the filtering chamber 101; the tuning cotton 3 functions to filter part of the sound wave, and filters out according to the density of the tuning cotton. Most of the high frequency sound waves and some of the medium and low frequency sound waves make the external sound S1 a primary filtered sound S2.
  • the diameter of the tuned cotton 3 is less than or equal to the diameter of the filtering chamber 101, and the thickness is 0.01-1 mm.
  • the material can be made of PP, nylon, glass fiber, carbon fiber non-woven fabric or mesh material, or even metal; the density is based on the impedance acoustic wave The choice of frequency requirements.
  • the tuned cotton 3 has the function of dustproof and waterproof, and the soft tuned cotton 3 is more suitable for absorbing sound waves.
  • the sound insulating pad mounting chamber 102 is disposed at the proximal end of the filtering chamber 101, and the sound absorbing pad is installed therein.
  • the outer diameter of the sound absorbing pad 4 is less than or equal to the diameter of the filtering chamber 101; the sound absorbing pad 4 has a channel hole 401 in the middle; the primary filtering sound S2 enters the high frequency filtering cavity 103 through the channel hole 401, forming a secondary filtering sound S3, continuing Passed to the ear.
  • the sound absorbing pad 4 is mainly used for absorbing sound waves, and is made of a batt sheet of a low density, small void material, or a silicone pad with a void.
  • the distal end of the high-frequency filter chamber 103 has a circular chamfered opening to prevent sound waves from being refracted at the entrance; the middle portion of the high-frequency filter chamber 103 is a cylinder having a diameter of 0.3 mm to 3 mm; and the high-frequency filter chamber 103 is near
  • the ear end is a cone, and the filter hole 105 is provided at the top of the filter hole 105.
  • the diameter of the filter hole 105 is 0.01 mm to 0.3 mm, and the length is 0.01 mm to 1 mm. Since the diameter of the filter hole 105 is extremely small, the secondary filter sound S3 can be performed.
  • the secondary processing filters out the high and low frequency noise in the unfiltered portion of the filtered sound S2; the secondary filtered sound S3 passes through the filter hole 105 and becomes the cubic filtered sound S4, and the cubic filtered sound S4 has been filtered and filtered three times.
  • the high frequency noise is sufficiently reduced, the medium and low frequency noise is reduced, and then transmitted to the ear through the conduction cavity 104.
  • the distal end of the conductive cavity 104 is also a cone, the top of the distal end of the conductive cavity 104 and the filter The holes are connected, where the cone is for the purpose of facilitating the processing of the filter holes 105; the inner diameter of the conductive cavity 104 may be less than or equal to the inner diameter of the high frequency filter chamber 103, preferably between 1 mm and 2 mm in diameter and between 0.1 mm and 8 mm in length.
  • the proximal end of the plug body 1 has a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 1.5 mm to 4.5 mm and a length of 3 mm to 10 mm; the end of the proximal end of the plug body 1 is provided as a cone, and the small end of the conical section has a diameter of 1 mm to 4.5 mm, and a cone
  • the length of the segment is from 0.1 mm to 3 mm; in the noise filter earplug, the end of the proximal end of the plug body 1 is flush with the end of the proximal end of the conductive cavity 104.
  • the embodiment further provides an earplug including the above-mentioned noise filter 5, a handle 6 and an earplug body 7.
  • the annular body of the handle 6 is sleeved on the proximal ear of the plug body 1.
  • the proximal end of the plug body 1 of the noise filter 5 is inserted into the filter insertion hole 701 of the earphone body 7.
  • the handle of the handle 6 is placed outside the plug cover 2.
  • the handle 6 is made of plastic material, and an annular body can be inserted into the cylinder of the proximal end of the plug body 1, and then inserted into the filter insertion hole 701, so that the user can take out or insert the earplug after holding.
  • the earplug body 7 is provided with a filter insertion hole 701, and the inner diameter of the filter insertion hole 701 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the plug body 1, so that the noise filter 5 can have better firmness after being inserted; and the earplug body 7
  • the whole body is a flexible plastic body, and has a plurality of umbrella-shaped flaps 702. After being inserted into the ear, the ear canal can be better adhered to prevent sound from entering from the air gap of the earplug and the ear canal, thereby minimizing sound wave transmission.
  • FIG. 4 it is a second embodiment of the earplug according to the present invention.
  • the improvement of the first embodiment is that the handle 6 and the earplug body 7 are integrated, and the number of components is reduced, and the above functions can also be achieved.
  • the third embodiment of the present invention is further improved according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment. Its area has the function of the handle 6, which further reduces the number of parts and makes the shape of the earplug more beautiful, but the same function can be achieved.
  • FIG. 6 it is a fourth embodiment of the earplug according to the present invention.
  • the handle 6 is not provided, and the earplug body 7 is provided with two layers of fins 702, which are not easy to pick and place, but can also be The effect of filtering noise reduction is achieved.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Headphones And Earphones (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种噪音滤波器及包括其的耳塞，其包括一塞盖和一与该塞盖相固接的塞体，该塞盖的远耳端上开设有多个进音孔，该塞盖的近耳端开设有一凹槽，该凹槽内嵌设有一调音棉，该塞体由远耳端至近耳端方向依次开设有一滤波腔室、一高频过滤腔和一传导腔，该调音棉的直径小于等于该滤波腔室的直径，该滤波腔室的近耳端开设有一吸音垫安装室，该吸音垫安装室内安装有圆环形的吸音垫，该吸音垫的外径小于等于该滤波腔室的直径，该吸音垫的中间的通道孔连通该高频过滤腔，该高频过滤腔的近耳端设置有过滤孔，该过滤孔连通该传导腔。本发明通过结合孔洞型滤波器和调音棉，更多更有效地降低各种频率有害噪声，并可使人耳获取有需要的声音。

Description

噪音滤波器及包括其的耳塞 技术领域
本发明涉及用于过滤噪音的滤波器的技术领域，特别是涉及一种噪音滤波器及包括该噪音滤波器的耳塞。
背景技术
目前生活和工作中各种对于听力保护的要求越来越普遍，常规各种海绵、塑胶耳塞均能降低各种声音的分贝值。市场上目前研发有通过细小孔洞来降低声波的穿透性，从而达到降低中高频声音强度，但是因声波的衍射特性，对于部分频率特别是中低频噪声的降低得不到有效控制。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术存在的问题和不足，提供一种噪音滤波器及包括其的耳塞，在隔绝有害噪声的同时，又能将有需要的部分声音强度保持在合理可被人耳获取范围内。
本发明是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题的：
本发明提供一种噪音滤波器，其特点在于，其包括一塞盖和一与该塞盖相固接的塞体，该塞盖的远耳端上开设有多个进音孔，该塞盖的近耳端开设有一凹槽，该凹槽内嵌设有一调音棉，该塞体由远耳端至近耳端方向依次开设有一滤波腔室、一高频过滤腔和一传导腔，该调音棉的直径小于等于该滤波腔室的直径，该滤波腔室的近耳端开设有一吸音垫安装室，该吸音垫安装室内安装有圆环形的吸音垫，该吸音垫的外径小于等于该滤波腔室的直径，该吸音垫的中间的通道孔连通该高频过滤腔，该高频过滤腔的近耳端设置有 过滤孔，该过滤孔连通该传导腔，该过滤孔的直径小于该高频过滤腔的直径。
较佳地，该调音棉的厚度为0.01-1mm。
较佳地，该高频过滤腔的远耳端呈圆弧倒角开口、近耳端呈圆锥体、中间部分为圆柱体，
较佳地，该高频过滤腔的中间圆柱体直径为0.3-3mm。
较佳地，该高频过滤腔的近耳端的顶部设置有该过滤孔，该过滤孔的直径为0.01-0.3mm、长度为0.01-1mm。
较佳地，该传导腔的远耳端呈圆锥体，该传导腔的远耳端的顶部与该过滤孔连通。
较佳地，该传导腔的内径小于等于该高频过滤腔的内径。
较佳地，该塞体的近耳端呈圆柱体，该塞体的近耳端的端部设置为圆锥体，该塞体的近耳端的端部与该传导腔的近耳端的端部齐平。
本发明还提供一种耳塞，其特点在于，其包括上述的噪音滤波器和耳塞体，该噪音滤波器的近耳端插设于该耳塞体的滤波器塞入孔内，该滤波器塞入孔的内径小于该噪音滤波器的近耳端的外径。
较佳地，该耳塞还设有手柄，该手柄设置在该噪音滤波器的近耳端。
在符合本领域常识的基础上，上述各优选条件，可任意组合，即得本发明各较佳实例。
本发明的积极进步效果在于：
本发明通过结合孔洞型滤波器和调音棉，更多更有效地降低各种频率有害噪声，并可使人耳获取有需要的声音。同时，可以用于调节耳内外压力，可应用于听音乐，噪声环境中正常交流、睡眠、学习和工作，飞行途中降低耳道压力差，舒缓耳鸣，耳内疼痛等。
附图说明
图1为本发明较佳实施例的噪音滤波器的结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例一的耳塞的结构分解图。
图3为本发明实施例一的耳塞的结构示意图。
图4为本发明实施例二的耳塞的结构示意图。
图5为本发明实施例三的耳塞的结构示意图。
图6为本发明实施例四的耳塞的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种噪音滤波器，其包括一塞盖2和一与该塞盖2相固接的塞体1，当然，该塞盖2和该塞体1可一体成型。
该塞盖2的远耳端上开设有多个进音孔201，该塞盖2的近耳端开设有一凹槽，该凹槽内嵌设有一调音棉3；该塞体1由远耳端至近耳端方向依次开设有一滤波腔室101、一高频过滤腔103和一传导腔104，该调音棉3的直径小于等于该滤波腔室101的直径，该滤波腔室101的近耳端开设有一吸音垫安装室102，该吸音垫安装室102内安装有圆环形的吸音垫4，该吸音垫4的外径小于等于该滤波腔室101的直径，该吸音垫4的中间的通道孔401连通该高频过滤腔103，该高频过滤腔103的近耳端设置有过滤孔105，该过滤孔105连通该传导腔104，该过滤孔105的直径小于该高频过滤腔103 的直径。
外界声波S1经塑胶的塞盖2上的进音孔201进入，先经过调音棉3，再进入滤波腔室101；调音棉3起到过滤部分声波作用，根据调音棉的密度过滤掉大部分高频声波和部分中低频率声波，使外界声音S1成为一次滤波声音S2。
调音棉3的直径小于等于滤波腔室101的直径，厚度为0.01-1mm，材质可使用PP、尼龙、玻纤、碳纤维无纺布或者网状材料，甚至金属等；密度根据对于隔阻声波频率的需求选择。同时，调音棉3具有防尘和防水的作用，柔软的调音棉3更利于吸收声波。
由于滤波腔室101的空间较大，一次滤波声音S2会在腔室内反射、折射，形成驻波；故在滤波腔室101的近耳端设置有吸音垫安装室102，其内安装有吸音垫4，吸音垫4的外径小于等于滤波腔室101的直径；吸音垫4中间具有一个通道孔401；一次滤波声音S2经通道孔401进入高频过滤腔103，形成二次滤波声音S3，继续向耳内传递。吸音垫4主要用于吸收声波，采用低密度、小空隙材料的棉絮薄片制成，或带空隙的硅胶垫。
高频过滤腔103的远耳端呈圆弧倒角开口，防止声波在入口处产生折射；高频过滤腔103的中间部分为圆柱体，直径为0.3mm至3mm；高频过滤腔103的近耳端呈圆锥体，其顶部设有过滤孔105，过滤孔105的直径为0.01mm至0.3mm、长度为0.01mm至1mm，由于过滤孔105的直径极为细小，可以对二次滤波声音S3进行二次处理，过滤掉一次滤波声音S2未过滤完的部分中高低频噪声；二次滤波声音S3经过过滤孔105后变为三次滤波声音S4，此时的三次滤波声音S4已经经过3次滤波过滤，充分降低了高频噪音，减少了中低频噪音，而后通过传导腔104向耳内进行传递。
传导腔104的远耳端同样为圆锥体，传导腔104的远耳端的顶部与过滤 孔连通，此处圆锥体是为了便于过滤孔105的加工成型；传导腔104的内径可小于等于高频过滤腔103的内径尺寸，优选直径为1mm至2mm、长度为0.1mm到8mm之间。
塞体1的近耳端呈圆柱体，直径为1.5mm至4.5mm，长度3mm至10mm；塞体1的近耳端的端部设置为圆锥体，圆锥段的小端直径1mm至4.5mm，圆锥段长度0.1mm至3mm；便于将噪音滤波器耳塞体内，塞体1的近耳端的端部与传导腔104的近耳端的端部齐平。
如图2和3所示，本实施例还提供一种耳塞，其包括上述的噪音滤波器5、手柄6和耳塞体7，该手柄6的环状体套设于该塞体1的近耳端上，该噪音滤波器5上塞体1的近耳端插设于该耳塞体7的滤波器塞入孔701内，该手柄6的柄体置于该塞盖2的外侧。
手柄6为塑胶材质，设置一个环状体可以套入塞体1的近耳端的圆柱上，然后插入滤波器塞入孔701内，方便使用者握持后取出或者插入耳塞。耳塞体7上设有滤波器塞入孔701，滤波器塞入孔701的内径略小于塞体1的外径，以便噪音滤波器5塞入后能够具有较好的牢固度；且耳塞体7整体为柔性塑胶体，具有多层伞状翼片702，塞入耳朵后，可以较好的贴合耳道，防止声音从耳塞与耳道的气隙内进入，可最大限度降低声波传送。
如图4所示，为本发明一种耳塞的实施例二，其针对上述实施例一的改进是：将手柄6与耳塞体7合为一体，减少配件数量，同样能够实现上述功能。
如图5所示，为本发明一种耳塞的实施例三，其针对上述实施例一、实施例二做出进一步改进：其将耳塞体7上的最后一层翼片702做成改进，增加其面积，使其具有手柄6的功能，进一步减少配件数量，使耳塞外形更加美观，但同样能够实现上述功能。
如图6所示，为本发明一种耳塞的实施例四，该实施例中，没有设手柄6，耳塞体7上设有2层翼片702，该耳塞虽然不便于摘放，但同样能够实现滤波降噪的效果。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，这些仅是举例说明，本发明的保护范围是由所附权利要求书限定的。本领域的技术人员在不背离本发明的原理和实质的前提下，可以对这些实施方式做出多种变更或修改，但这些变更和修改均落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种噪音滤波器，其特征在于，其包括一塞盖和一与该塞盖相固接的塞体，该塞盖的远耳端上开设有多个进音孔，该塞盖的近耳端开设有一凹槽，该凹槽内嵌设有一调音棉，该塞体由远耳端至近耳端方向依次开设有一滤波腔室、一高频过滤腔和一传导腔，该调音棉的直径小于等于该滤波腔室的直径，该滤波腔室的近耳端开设有一吸音垫安装室，该吸音垫安装室内安装有圆环形的吸音垫，该吸音垫的外径小于等于该滤波腔室的直径，该吸音垫的中间的通道孔连通该高频过滤腔，该高频过滤腔的近耳端设置有过滤孔，该过滤孔连通该传导腔，该过滤孔的直径小于该高频过滤腔的直径。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的噪音滤波器，其特征在于，该调音棉的厚度为0.01-1mm。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的噪音滤波器，其特征在于，该高频过滤腔的远耳端呈圆弧倒角开口、近耳端呈圆锥体、中间部分为圆柱体，
  4. 如权利要求3所述的噪音滤波器，其特征在于，该高频过滤腔的中间圆柱体直径为0.3-3mm。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的噪音滤波器，其特征在于，该高频过滤腔的近耳端的顶部设置有该过滤孔，该过滤孔的直径为0.01-0.3mm、长度为0.01-1mm。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的噪音滤波器，其特征在于，该传导腔的远耳端呈圆锥体，该传导腔的远耳端的顶部与该过滤孔连通。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的噪音滤波器，其特征在于，该传导腔的内径小于等于该高频过滤腔的内径。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的噪音滤波器，其特征在于，该塞体的近耳端呈圆柱体，该塞体的近耳端的端部设置为圆锥体，该塞体的近耳端的端部与该传导腔的近耳端的端部齐平。
  9. 一种耳塞，其特征在于，其包括如权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的噪音滤波器和耳塞体，该噪音滤波器的近耳端插设于该耳塞体的滤波器塞入孔内，该滤波器塞入孔的内径小于该噪音滤波器的近耳端的外径。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的耳塞，其特征在于，该耳塞还设有手柄，该手柄设置在该噪音滤波器的近耳端。
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