WO2019006520A1 - Machine de conversion d'énergie - Google Patents

Machine de conversion d'énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019006520A1
WO2019006520A1 PCT/BA2018/000003 BA2018000003W WO2019006520A1 WO 2019006520 A1 WO2019006520 A1 WO 2019006520A1 BA 2018000003 W BA2018000003 W BA 2018000003W WO 2019006520 A1 WO2019006520 A1 WO 2019006520A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
stator
circular
machine
control mechanism
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/BA2018/000003
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Petar KOVAČEVIĆ
Original Assignee
Kovacevic Petar
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kovacevic Petar filed Critical Kovacevic Petar
Publication of WO2019006520A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019006520A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/02—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F01C1/063—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents with coaxially-mounted members having continuously-changing circumferential spacing between them
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/08—Rotary pistons
    • F01C21/0809—Construction of vanes or vane holders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/10—Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons; Casings
    • F01C21/104—Stators; Members defining the outer boundaries of the working chamber
    • F01C21/108—Stators; Members defining the outer boundaries of the working chamber with an axial surface, e.g. side plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of driving engines and working machinery that convert energy of fluid into mechanical work, or convert the received mechanical energy into the energy of fluid.
  • this invention belongs to section F - Mechanical engineering, class F01 - Machines or engines in general.
  • the piston mechanism comprises straight cylinder, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft and flywheel. That part of the piston mechanism that turns oscillatory motion into circular is often bigger, heavier and more expensive to produce than the piston and the cylinder themselves. If it could be avoided, the whole machine and engine would be smaller, lighter and cheaper to make.
  • Machines for the exchange of mechanical energy with gaseous fluids can be roughly divided into turbine machines and piston machines.
  • the classic piston mechanism comprising a straight cylinder, a piston inside the cylinder and a valve with the opening mechanism has the linear motion, and this linear motion needs to be turned into a circular motion; therefore the mechanism also includes a piston rod, a crankshaft and a flywheel.
  • the core of this energy converting machine is to convert the energy of fluid into mechanical energy, or to convert the mechanical energy into the energy of fluid, which is achieved by interaction of a swivel piston in a stator, circular slots in a rotor and the working medium.
  • a swivel piston is built into the stator.
  • Half -spheres of the swivel piston open and close circular slots in the rotor discs during machine operation.
  • Rotor has its stationary and movable parts that can be made in the shape of discs with the circular slots carried out ⁇ thereon, which slots can be shaped like half cylinders.
  • the stator is mounted on a shaft between stationary and movable rotor discs.
  • the stator is fitted with a swivel piston control mechanism, intake valve control mechanism and output valve control mechanism.
  • Machine with the swivel piston in the stator and circular half cylinders in the rotor serves for the conversion of the energy of fluid into mechanical energy, or to convert the received mechanical energy into the energy of fluid.
  • This machine comprises the rotor and the stator and also the swivel piston which is built into the stator, wherein the rotor comprises the stationary part with the circular slot of the stationary part, and the movable part with the circular slot of the movable part, which are positioned in a way that circular slot of the stationary part, circular slot of the movable part and swivel piston, when in closed position, form two separated spaces, which separated spaces change their volumes during machine operation in a way that the total volume of the said two separate spaces remains the same, wherein the movable part rotates during machine operation.
  • the machine presented here also comprises seals, while the swivel piston may comprise two half-spheres with rotating shafts, wherein there are seals embedded on the rim of the half-spheres, where each half-sphere, while in closed position, closes and seals the full profile width of the circular slot in the stationary disc and closes and seals the full profile width of the circular slot in the movable disc of the rotor.
  • Circular slots may be carried out iin the form of half cylinders.
  • the circular slots are carried out in the form of half cylinders at the same distance from the central axis of the movable and stationary part of the rotor, wherein the circular half cylinders have the same cross section.
  • the machine presented here also comprises the shaft, while the stationary part of the rotor in the middle section is fitted with mounts through which the shaft is retracted, wherein the stator is carried out in the shape of the plate with a central opening and a working aperture, wherein the stationary part of the rotor is positioned on one side of the stator plate, and the movable part of the rotor is positioned on the other side of the stator plate, wherein the movable part in the middle section comprises opening through which the shaft is retracted and where the working aperture is placed between the circular slots of the rotor, in a way that working medium can pass through the working aperture, when open, from one part of the circular slot of the movable part to the other part of the slot of the stationary part, separately for each separate space, wherein the movable part rotates together with the shaft and turns around the stator and stationary part of the rotor during machine operation.
  • the stator may comprise the swivel piston control mechanism, working fluid supply Opening, intake valve for regulation of supply of working fluid into the circular slots on the rotor, intake valve control mechanism, outlet passage for allowing the working fluid to flow out, output valve for regulation of output of working fluid out of the circular slots on the rotor and output valve control mechanism, wherein the swivel piston control mechanism, during the machine operation, sets the swivel piston in such position that it forms two separated spaces between the rotor and stator, so that working media can be led into the first separate space and into the intake valve through the* working fluid supply opening, which working media is under pressure that expands in the first space, whereby the movable part of the rotor with the shaft starts to rotate.
  • Intake valve control mechanism may comprise an intake valve lever, whereby the intake valve lever harmonizes opening and closing of the intake valve with rotation of the circular slots.
  • Figure 11 machine shown in Fig. 2. - cross-sectional view Z3 - Z3 - the half- spheres of the swivel piston lowered, swivel cylinder open
  • FIG. 14. stator shown in Fig. 12. - partial cross-sectional view S - S with a view on swivel piston, swivel piston control mechanism and intake/output valve control mechanisms
  • FIG. 20 swivel piston shown in Fig. 17. with lowered half-spheres - perspective view
  • Figure 25 rotor - frontal view Figure 26. rotor shown in Fig. 25, cross-sectional view R - R
  • Figure 34 movable rotor disc shown in Fig. 33 - cross-sectional view
  • Figure 36 movable rotor disc shown in Fig. 33 - perspective view
  • Energy converting machine comprises the swivel piston in the stator and circular slots in the rotor and serves for the conversion of the energy of fluid into mechanical energy, or for conversion of the received mechanical energy into the energy of fluid.
  • the present energy converting machine comprises the stator 100 and the rotor 200, furthermore it comprises the swivel piston 2 which is built into the stator 00, wherein the rotor 200 comprises the stationary part 16 with the circular slot of the stationary part 17, and the movable part 18 with circular slot of the movable part 19, which are positioned in such a way that the circular slot of the stationary part 17, circular slot of the movable part 19 and the swivel piston 2, when in closed position, form the two separated spaces 300, 400 which separated spaces change their volumes during machine operation in a, way that the total volume of the said two separate spaces remains the same, wherein the movable part 18 rotates during machine operation.
  • the machine presented here comprises the shaft 15 wherein the stationary part 16 of the rotor in the middle section is fitted with mounts 16a through which the shaft 15 is retracted, wherein the stator 100 is carried out in the shape of the plate with a central opening of the stator 1 and a working aperture of the stator 101 , wherein the stationary part 16 of the rotor is positioned on one side of the stator plate 00, and the movable part 18 of the rotor is positioned on the other side of the stator plate 100, wherein the movable part 18 in its middle section comprises opening 18a through which the shaft 15 is retracted and where the working aperture 101 of the stator between the circular slots 17, 19 of the rotor is placed, in a way that working medium can pass through the working aperture 101 , while open, from one part of the circular slot of the movable part 19 into the other part of the slot of the stationary part 17, separately for each separate space 300, 400, wherein the movable part 18 rotates together with the shaft 15 and turns around the stator 100
  • Machine with swivel piston in the stator and the circular half-cylinders in the rotor, as shown in Fig, ., 2., 3., 4., 5. and 6 comprises:
  • Stator A Fig. 12., 13. and 14. is in the shape of a flat plate.
  • the stator A is equipped with the central opening 1 for the passage of the part 16a of the stationary disc 16 of the rotor B.
  • the frontal part of the stator A is provided with the opening with the swivel piston. 2.
  • the half-spheres 3 of the swivel piston rotate in bearings embedded in the stator.
  • the swivel piston control mechanism 5 is mounted on the front side of the stator A.
  • the left side of the swivel piston 2 control mechanism 5 is fitted with opening 6 for the inlet of the working fluid into the opening of the swivel piston 2 of the stator A, and into the circular half-cylinder 17 of the stationary disc 16, as well as into the circular half-cylinder 19 of the movable disk 18 of the rotor B.
  • the swivel piston control mechanism 9 On the left side of the stator A, the swivel piston control mechanism 9 is mounted, which by means of the lever 8 controls the intake valve 7 for the inlet of the working fluid into the swivel piston 2 and circular half -cylinders 17 and 19, discs 16 and 18 of the rotor B.
  • the outlet valve control mechanism 13 On the right side of the stator A, the outlet valve control mechanism 13 is mounted which by means of the lever 12 controls the output valve 1 1 for the exit of exhaust gas from the circular half-cylinders 17 and 19 of the disks 16 and 18 of the rotor B.
  • the surfaces of the stator plate A, on its upper and lower side, above which rotate the stationary disc 16 with the half-cylinder 17 and the movable disc 18 with the half-cylinder 19 are flat, smooth and lubricated, so that the seals 23, positioned on the rim of the circular half-cylinders 17 and 19, can freely slide on the stator surfaces.
  • the seals 23 separate the rotor discs from the stator.
  • the rest of the stator plate surface does not have to be flat, even though it is depicted in the figures.
  • Stator A connects to the housing of the machine through the opening 22 on the sides, which is not shown in the figures.
  • Rotor B, Fig. 25, 26., and 28 has the shaft 15 with stationary disc 16 and movable disc 18.
  • Stationary disc 16, Fig. 29., 30., 31. and 32 * is carried out as the integral part of the shaft 15 or as the separate part that is firmly and permanently connected with the shaft.
  • Stationary disc 16 has the extension 16a on which, when the machine is assembled, lays the stator A.
  • Movable disc 18, Fig. 33., 34., 35. and 36. is carried out as the separate part that is placed on the shaft 15 and fixed there after the stator A is placed between the stationary disc 16 and the movable disc 18 of the rotor B.
  • Movable disc is designed to be movable solely for the purpose of mounting of the stator, which must be mounted between the discs; afterwards the movable disk is fixed and remains so as long as the machine is in operation, and it can possibly be removed during a machine overhaul.
  • a circular half-cylinder 17 is executed in the stationary disk 16 at the radius R of the centre O.
  • a circular half-cylinder 19 is executed in the movable disk 18, at the radius R of the centre O.
  • Radius R is the same on both discs.
  • Circular half-cylinders 17 and 19 have the same cross-section and are executed as recesses in the stationary and movable disk 16 and 18. These circular recesses in the disks are not recessed around the entire circle but are discontinued on one short section of the circle, so that the circular half-cylinders 17 and 19 have their beginnings, respectively the tops 20 of the half-cylinders and the ends, respectively the bottoms 21 of the half-cylinders.
  • the stationary disk 16 with the circular half- cylinder 17 and the movable disc 18 with the circular half-cylinder 19 are facing one another at the rotor B, so that their beginnings - tops 20 and the ends - bottoms 21 coincide.
  • Rotor B with circular half-cylinders 17 and 19 can rotate in the machine clockwise, looking from the shaft exit direction. However, there is no obstacle to rotating the rotor in the opposite direction. What's important is that the rotation direction of the rotor is predetermined, because it determines which openings and valves shall be for intake and which for output, and thus the type of work the machine with the circular half-cylinders and rotating piston will perform. On the driving engine, the tops 20 of the half-cylinder 17 and 19 are affected by the energy of the working medium that rotates the rotor B.
  • the stationary disc 16 and the movable (rotary) disc 18 on the rotor B simultaneously rotate and slide over the stator A, one disc at one side of the stator, and one on the other side.
  • the channels are executed in which are inserted the seals 23, closing the space between the rotor and the stator.
  • the rotor Depending on the load and the type of material used for the rotor B and the seal 23, in most cases it is necessary for the rotor to be equipped with channels for lubricating oil between the seals.
  • One part 15a of the shaft 15, at its output has to be sized and shaped to allow the transfer of torque.
  • the rotor rotates in bearings that are placed in the machine casing.
  • the swivel piston 2, Fig. 17, 18, 19, and 20, comprises two half-spheres 3. Each half-sphere has its axis 4 around which they are rotated. The half-spheres 3 touch each other when mounted in the stator A and rotate independently of each other. The rotating half-spheres are controlled by the swivel piston control mechanism, as shown in Fig. 9, 10, 11 , 2, 13, 14, 15 and 16.
  • the shape and dimensions of the half-spheres 3 and the swivel piston 2 are aligned with the shape and dimensions of the circular half-cylinders 17 and 19, so that the half-spheres 3, when they are in the open position and when the machine starts to work, fit well to the shape of the half-cylinders.
  • the intake valve control mechanism Intake valve 7 control mechanism 9 serves for timely opening/closing of the intake valve in order to permit the passage only of the appropriate amount of working fluid to the circular half-cylinders, which amount is at the given moment required for the rotation Of the rotor.
  • the intake valve 7 control mechanism has to be aligned with the rotation of the circular half-cylinders 17 and 19. This can be accomplished in several ways, and the commonly used method is to execute a curved surface on a stationary disc 16 of rotor B which produces an effect on the lever 8 of the mechanism 9 for opening and closing of the intake valve 7, aligned with the rotation of the half-spheres 3 of the swivel piston 2 in the stator A.
  • Output valve 1 control mechanism 13 serves for timely opening/closing of the output valve in order to permit the passage of the working fluid only in direction from the circular half-cylinders 17 and 19 of the rofor 200 and the swivel piston towards the exit.
  • the output valve 11 control mechanism 13 has to be aligned with the rotation of the circular half-cylinders 7 and 19. This can be accomplished in several ways, and the commonly used method is to execute a curved surface on a stationary disc 16 of the rotor 200 which produces an effect on the lever 12 for opening and closing of the output valve 11 , aligned with the rotation of the half-spheres 3 of the swivel piston 2.
  • the sealing system refers to the sealing between the stator 100 and the rotor 200, and between the swivel piston 2, half-cylinders 17 and 19 and the rotor 200, and comprises as follows:
  • the half-spheres 3 of the swivel piston When the half-spheres 3 of the swivel piston are lifted, they seal the space between the half-cylinder 17 in the stationary disk 16 and the half-cylinder 19 in the movable (rotary) disk 18 and thereby create an enclosed space in which expansion or compression takes place durin3 ⁇ 4 the machine operation.
  • the shape of the seals 23 follows the shape of the channels in which they are inserted, and it is important to achieve good sealing between these two surfaces .
  • the machine with the swivel piston in the stator and the circular half-cylinders in the rotor can be operated in two different ways:
  • the half-spheres 3 of the swivel piston 2 are lifted, Fig. 10, and seal the space between the stator 100 and the rotor 200.
  • the intake valve 7 opens for a certain time and passes the gaseous medium under pressure in the space between the rotor 100, the stator 200 and the swivel piston 2. In the remainder of circular half- cylinders 17 and 19 the pressure is low because the, output valve is open, so due to the pressure difference, the rotor 200 starts to move in clockwise direction.
  • the intake valve control mechanism 9 closes it, and the swivel 'piston 2 control mechanism 5 lifts the half-spheres of the swivel piston 2 which completely seals the space between the rotor and the stator, Fig, 9. This is when the adiabatic expansion of the gaseous medium happens, wherein the internal energy of the gaseous media is converted into the mechanical energy of the rotor, i.e. mechanical operation is performed, and through the shaft part 15a of the, rotor B and the mechanical connection, the given energy is drained away.
  • Half-spheres 3 of the swivel piston 2 are positioned in plane with the stator, Fig. 1 in a way that the flat part of the rotor crosses over the stator and continues to move due to inertia.
  • the swivel piston control mechanism 5 starts to lift the half-spheres 3 in the sealing position.
  • the half-spheres 3 of the swivel piston 2 are fully lifted, wherein the circular half-cylinders 17 and 19 are sealed, we are in the start position and the cycle starts from the beginning. Both circular semi-cylinders are under low pressure, because the intake valve 7 is closed and the output valve 11 is open. In this short part of the cycle, no work is done.
  • the half-spheres 3 of the swivel piston 2 are lowered to be in line with the stator, Fig. 11 , so that the rotor 200 can freely cross over the swivel piston 2.
  • the circular half-cylinders are completely filled up with working medium under low pressure, because in the previous cycle, the intake valve 7 control mechanism 9 has passed through the supply opening 6 the appropriate amount of the gaseous working medium into the circular half-cylinders 17 and 19.
  • the intake valve is now closed.
  • the output valve 11 is closed and prevents the working medium to return into the circular half-cylinders. Due to the transfer of torque onto the part of the shaft 15b of the rotor, the rotor starts to rotate in a clockwise direction.
  • the swivel piston control mechanism 5 lifts them up and seals the space between them, the stator and the rotor.
  • the mechanism 13 opens the output valve 11 and the compressed medium exits the machine through the outlet openings.
  • the intake valve 7 control mechanism 9 keeps the intake valve open for a certain amount of time, when the suction of the working medium into the circular half-cylinders is performed through the intake opening 6. This happens due to the underpressure generated by the increase in the volume behind the swivel piston 2 caused by rotation of circular half-cylinders or the rotor B. In one rotation, two cycles are performed: suction and compression.
  • the machine acts as a hydro pump, where instead of the adiabatic gas compression, the elevation of the fluid pressure happens, and the fluid is directed towards the pump exit.
  • the output valve 11 remains open all the time so that both, the valve and the control mechanism 13 can be omitted.
  • the control mechanism Due to approaching flat part of the rotor towards the lifted half-spheres 3 of the swivel piston 2, the control mechanism lowers them just before they come in contact with the flat part of the circular half-cylinders* 17 and 19. At the same time, the output valve control mechanism 13 closes the output valve 1 1 , when the pressure in the circular half-cylinders drops to the level of the intake medium, whereby the compression is completed. The intake valve is closed and the half- cylinders are filled up with working medium under low pressure, which is sucked in the previous part of the compression process.
  • the half-spheres 3 of the swivel piston are laid in a plane with the stator, Fig. 1 , so the flat part of the stationary disc 16 and the movable disc 18 of the rotor cross over it and continue to move.
  • the swivel piston control mechanism 5 starts to lift the half-spheres 3 in the sealing position.
  • the half- spheres 3 of the swivel piston 2 are fully lifted, Fig. 9, and seal the circular half- cylinders 17 and 19, the rotor 200 comes to its start position and the cycle starts from the beginning. In this part of the cycle, no work is done.
  • the output valve 11 and the intake valve 7 are closed. In the entire circular half-cylinders 17 and 19 the pressure is low and equal to the level of the intake medium.
  • the machine according to 'the invention has a specific power which is comparable with the turbines (about 10 kW/kg) and at the same time a degree of usefulness above 0.5 (in some cases up to 0.8). Due to its internal structure, which is still a form of piston mechanism, the machines made according to the present invention could use gases of significantly higher temperatures and therefore would have significantly higher coefficients of useful effect in comparison with today's steam turbine systems and, because of their high specific power, they could fully replace them.
  • This energy converting machine as the machine with the swivel piston in the stator and circular half-cylinders in the rotor, with respect to the direction of energy conversion, can be successfully used as a driving engine and as working machinery.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine de conversion d'énergie qui comprend un stator en forme de plaque (100), un rotor (200), un piston pivotant (2) fixé dans le stator et comprenant deux demi-sphères (3) et un arbre (15). Le rotor comprend une première partie (16) assemblée d'un seul tenant ou de manière permanente avec l'arbre (15) et une seconde partie (18) qui est amovible. Chaque partie de rotor a un évidement annulaire (17,19) centré autour de l'axe d'arbre sur moins de 360 degrés, de telle sorte que l'ensemble des première et seconde parties de rotor de chaque côté de la plaque de stator conduit en une chambre torique à fentes interrompues. Les demi-sphères (3) du piston pivotant (2) ouvrent et ferment les évidements annulaires (17,19) dans le rotor pendant le fonctionnement de la machine. Le stator est équipé d'un mécanisme de commande de piston pivotant (5), d'un mécanisme de commande de soupape d'admission (9) et d'un mécanisme de commande de soupape de sortie (13).
PCT/BA2018/000003 2017-07-07 2018-07-06 Machine de conversion d'énergie WO2019006520A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BABAP173198A 2017-07-07
BA173198 2017-07-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019006520A1 true WO2019006520A1 (fr) 2019-01-10

Family

ID=63113284

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/BA2018/000003 WO2019006520A1 (fr) 2017-07-07 2018-07-06 Machine de conversion d'énergie

Country Status (1)

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WO (1) WO2019006520A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE364699A (fr) *
FR408788A (fr) * 1909-11-09 1910-04-05 Frederick Beck Moteur à explosion alterno-rotatif
US3057544A (en) * 1958-04-28 1962-10-09 Rohsmann Felix Engine or machine with at least one rotating piston running in an annular cylinder space

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE364699A (fr) *
FR408788A (fr) * 1909-11-09 1910-04-05 Frederick Beck Moteur à explosion alterno-rotatif
US3057544A (en) * 1958-04-28 1962-10-09 Rohsmann Felix Engine or machine with at least one rotating piston running in an annular cylinder space

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