WO2019005035A1

WO2019005035A1 - Drive chain, pin, and link

Info

Publication number: WO2019005035A1
Application number: PCT/US2017/039725
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tomoki Nishino; Matt JUNKER; Joe GOODSELL
Original assignee: Borgwarner Inc.
Priority date: 2017-06-28
Filing date: 2017-06-28
Publication date: 2019-01-03

Abstract

A chain belt for a continuously variable transmission includes a plurality of links and a plurality of pins. Each link defines a first aperture and a second aperture. The pins connect the links, wherein a perimeter of at least one section of a first length of each pin is shaped like a circle with a flat-surfaced portion. In another embodiment, a link for a chain belt includes a body with a thickness, a first aperture and a second aperture through the thickness, wherein the first and the second aperture are each shaped like a cylinder with a convex portion protruding into the cylinder. In another embodiment, a pin for a chain belt includes first and second ends each cut at an angle oblique to a longitudinal axis, and a perimeter of at least one segment of a length of the pin shaped like a cylinder with a flat-surfaced portion.

Description

DRIVE CHAIN, PIN, AND LINK BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention pertains to the field of continuously variable transmissions. More particularly, the invention pertains to drive chains, chain pins, and chain links for continuously variable transmissions.

DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART

Some continuously variable transmissions (CVTs) use a chain belt and two pulleys (usually called "sheaves") which are connected by the chain belt. Each sheave has two halves with sloping inner surfaces. The effective diameter of the sheaves can be varied by changing the distance between the halves of the sheaves, which causes the chain belt load members (pins or struts) to move radially inward or outward from the axis of rotation in contact with the sloping inner faces of the sheaves. By expanding or contracting the sheaves oppositely, the position at which the load members of the chain belt contact the sloping inner surfaces of each of the sheaves changes, thereby changing the ratio of the transmission (the ratio of the rotational speed of the driving and driven sheaves).

Chain belts for a continuously variable transmission include lengthwise links with apertures which are connected to each other through pins or struts. Pin and link joint styles have evolved from a round pin joint style to a rocker pin joint style. A round pin joint style uses a cylindrical pin. A rocker joint includes a rocker member having at least two cylindrical rocker pins that contact each other by rolling or sliding on each other. Rocker joints have relatively little or no relative motion between links and pins, reducing friction and wear. Rocker pins, however, are significantly smaller than round pins, and allow more flex. The rocker joint has decreased strength density in the chain belt, resulting in a higher chain pitch and lower noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) performance of the chain belt. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to a first embodiment, a chain belt for a continuously variable transmission includes a plurality of links and a plurality of pins connecting the plurality of chain links. Each link defines a first aperture and a second aperture. The first aperture and the second aperture are each shaped like a cylinder with a convex portion protruding into the cylinder. Each pin has a first length and a perimeter of a section of the first length, the perimeter being shaped like a circle with a flat-surfaced portion. The flat-surfaced portion of the pin is configured to engage the convex portion of the aperture.

In another embodiment, a link for a chain belt of a continuously variable transmission includes a body with a thickness, a first aperture through the thickness of the body, and a second aperture through the thickness of the body. The first aperture and the second aperture are each shaped like a cylinder with a convex portion protruding into the cylinder. The first aperture and the second aperture are adjacent. The convex portion of the first aperture is oriented in the same location with respect to the first aperture as the convex portion of the second aperture is oriented with respect to the second aperture.

In a third embodiment, a pin for a chain belt of a continuously variable transmission includes a longitude having a longitudinal axis, a first end cut at an angle oblique to the longitudinal axis, a second end opposing the first end, the second end cut at an angle oblique to the longitudinal axis, a first length that extends between the first end and the second end from the first end to the second end, a second length that extends the total length of the pin, and a perimeter of at least one segment of the first length shaped like a cylinder with a flat-surfaced portion, the flat-surfaced portion and the first length being on a same side of the pin.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING Fig. 1 shows a side view of the chain belt, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows a top view of the chain belt of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows a side view of a pin of the chain belt, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows a front view of the pin of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 shows a side view of a link of the chain belt, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 shows a front view of the link of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 shows a front view of the link of Fig. 5, with detail A.

Fig. 8 shows a magnified view of detail A of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 shows a side view of an articulated chain belt, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part thereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific exemplary embodiments in which the present teachings may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the present teachings and it is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present teachings. The following description is, therefore, merely exemplary.

In various embodiments, components described as being "coupled" to one another can be joined along one or more interfaces. In some embodiments, these interfaces can include junctions between distinct components, and in other cases, these interfaces can include a solidly and/or integrally formed interconnection. That is, in some cases, components that are "coupled" to one another can be simultaneously formed to define a single continuous member. However, in other embodiments, these coupled components can be formed as separate members and be subsequently joined through known processes (e.g., soldering, fastening, ultrasonic welding, bonding).

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," and "having," are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

When an element or layer is referred to as being "on", "engaged to", "connected to" or "coupled to" another element or layer, it may be directly on, engaged, connected or coupled to the other element or layer, or intervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly engaged to", "directly connected to" or "directly coupled to" another element or layer, there may be no intervening elements or layers present. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a like fashion (e.g., "between" versus "directly between," "adjacent" versus "directly adjacent," etc.). As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

As discussed above, the present disclosure pertains to the field of continuously variable transmissions, and more particularly, to drive chains, chain pins, and chain links for continuously variable transmissions. Figures 1-2 show a chain belt for a continuously variable transmission. The chain belt 10 has a plurality of links 12. Each of the links 12 has a first aperture 14 and a second aperture 16. Each of the first aperture 14 and the second aperture 16 are configured to receive a single pin 18, and the links 12 are stacked on the pins 18 alternating first apertures 14 and second apertures 16, such that a plurality of pins 18 connect the plurality of links 12. Each pin 18 serves as a load member or strut for the CVT. It should be noted that the number of links may vary from the links shown in the Figures within the scope of the invention. Referring to Fig. 3 and 4, each pin 18 has a first end 20, a second end 22, a first length Li , a second length L₂, and a perimeter P at any section along the second length L₂. The first end 20 and the second end 22 are each cut at an angle oblique to the first length Li and the second length L₂ to facilitate engagement with, or otherwise accommodate space for, the sloping inner faces of the sheaves (not shown). The second length L₂ is longer than the first length Li as a result of the oblique angle of the first and second ends 20, 22. The second length L₂ is the total length of the pin 18, and the first length Li is a length between the ends 20, 22. The perimeter P at sections along the first length Li is generally approximately circular. At least one segment of the first length L_l5 though, is shaped like a cylinder with a flat-surfaced portion 24. The pin 18 in this segment can be completely cylindrical except for the portion that has a flat surface. The flat-surfaced portion 24 can have a surface approximately parallel to a longitudinal axis 26 of the pin 18, and can define a minority of the perimeter of the at least one segment. The entire first length Li can have the flat-surfaced portion 24, or one or more segments of the first length Li can have the flat-surfaced portion 24. Reducing the flat-surfaced portion 24, and/or reducing the amount of the flat-surfaced portion 24, increases the amount of rounded portion, which can increase the strength of the pin 18.

As discussed below, the flat-surfaced portion 24 engages a feature in the first and second apertures 14, 16, such that the flat-surfaced portion 24 can be located around the perimeter 24 at a specified location to facilitate proper orientation of the obliquely angled first and second ends 20, 22. In the embodiment illustrated, the flat-surfaced portion 24 is on the same side of the pin 18 across which the length Li would be measured, so that a face of each obliquely angled, cut end 20, 22, faces toward the sheaves. Each pin 18 can be oriented in the chain belt 10, accordingly, so the flat-surfaced portion 24 matches the appropriate feature in the apertures 14, 16, and the obliquely angled ends 20, 22 match the sloping inner faces of the sheaves.

Referring to Figs. 5-8, each link 12 has a thickness T, and a first aperture 14 and a second aperture 16 extending through the thickness T. The apertures can be adjacent, or directly adjacent with no intervening apertures. Embodiments with more or less than two apertures are conceived as well. The first aperture 14 and the second aperture 16 are each shaped like a cylinder 26 with a convex portion 28 protruding into the cylinder 26. The first and second apertures 14, 16 can be completely cylindrical except for the convex portion 28. The convex portion 28 is shown as a bump, bulge, protrusion, or tab upon which the flat-surfaced portion 24 of the pin 18 can abut to facilitate rotation of the pin 18 to a degree. Each convex portion 28 can be oriented in the same location with respect to the corresponding aperture. The convex portion 28 includes a first stop surface 30 to stop rotational movement of the pin 18 in the clockwise direction, and a second stop surface 32 to stop rotational movement of the pin 18 in the counter-clockwise direction relative to a point of contact 34. The convex portion 28 is shown as symmetrical in the figures, with rounded transitions between each of the first stop surface 30, the second stop surface 32, and the remainder of the cylinder 26. These rounded features can facilitate smooth rotational movement of the pin 18, relative to a corresponding one of the apertures 14, 16, through the desired range of rotational movement. The consistency and degree of curvature of the convex portion 28 can also cause movement of the pin 18 beyond rotational. For example, due to the rounded transition between each stop surface 30, 32, the point of contact 34 between the convex portion 28 and the pin 18 can shift as the pin 18 rotates relative to the respective aperture 14, 16, against the convex portion 28. In this case, the pin 18 can revolve around a center of the curvature of the convex portion 28 or can roll on the surface of the convex portion 28. Other particular shapes of the convex portion 28 are conceived, however. In one embodiment, for example the convex portion 28 can have a point, such that in the limited range of rotation of the pin 18, the point of contact 34 does not change, and the rotational movement of the pin 18 relative to the respective aperture 14, 16, is purely rotational and not revolutionary. In these and other embodiments, the pin 18 can have enough clearance 36 that the pin 18 might rotate at times without contact with the convex portion 28.

Further, the size of the convex portion 28 can vary, in coordination with the size of the pin 18 and flat-surfaced portion 24, to create a greater or lesser range of rotation and articulation, a greater or less strength, and a greater or lesser pitch. Increasing the size of clearance 36 between the convex portion 28 and the flat-surfaced portion 24 increases the amount of possible rotation of the pin 18 in the respective aperture 14, 16, and increases the chain belt articulation angle capability. Fig. 9 shows the chain belt 10 articulated to a degree. To assist articulation and reduce friction, the pins 18 and/or links 12 can be coated with a suitable material, such as an electroless nickel with silicon carbide particles. The chain articulates at each joint similar to a chain with fully round pins, in contrast to the articulation of a chain with rocker pins, and prevents excessive rotation of the pins. The pins 18 are stronger than rocker pins, allowing use of a less massive link, and facilitating a higher strength density in the chain belt 10, and/or a smaller pitch in the chain belt 10, than in a comparable rocker joint chain belt.

Decreasing the size of the flat-surfaced portion 24 of the pin 18 (i.e., increasing the size of the rounded portion) and the size of the convex portion 28 of the first and second apertures 14, 16 increases the mass and strength of the pin 18, and enables the links 12 to have less mass. While the convex portion 28 can extend around a majority of a circumference of the first aperture 14 and around a majority of a circumference of the second aperture 16, in the embodiment of Figs. 1-9, the convex portion 28 can extend around a minority of a circumference of the first aperture 14 and around a minority of a circumference of the second aperture 16.

When the chain belt 10 is assembled, the plurality of links 12 can be arranged in rows on the plurality of pins 18. A second, now-known or future-developed type of link (not shown), that is different than the links 12, can be used in conjunction with the links 12. The second type of link can be compatible with a round pin, and can have apertures that are entirely cylindrical, for example, or that can otherwise work with a round pin. In one embodiment, at least one link 12 from the plurality of links 12 can be in each row, and the other links can be the second type of link. In this case, the articulation of each row of links is restricted by the at least one link 12 in each respective row. In another

embodiment, at least one pin 18 extends consecutively through the first aperture 14 on a first of the links 12 and the second aperture 16 on a second of the links 12. In other words, the links 12 can be stacked on the pins 18 alternatingly between the first aperture 14 and the second aperture 16. Various similar patterns of stacking the links 12 on the pins 18 can be implemented. For example, the links can be stacked, amongst other ways, in a 2-way lacing pattern or a 3-way lacing pattern. A 2-way laced chain includes the following material between 1 pitch length: ½ pin + link + clearance + link + 1/2 pin. A 3-way laced chain includes the following material between 1 pitch length: ½ pin + link + clearance + 1/2 pin. The one fewer link in the 3-way laced chain, an example of which is shown in Fig. 2, allows an increased pin thickness and/or link thickness. In one embodiment, referring to Fig. 2, the links 12 are placed on any single pin 18 alternating between the right and left apertures 14, 16, but every few (e.g., second, third, fourth, etc.) links in a stack on the single pin, the same aperture is placed on the pin consecutively. Alternatively, the two links 12 placed consecutively with the same aperture (i.e., both right apertures 12 or both left apertures 14) on the pin 18 can instead be a single thicker link - in some cases having a thickness anywhere from 1.1 times as thick to 2 times as thick, or more. This feature balances load across the chain belt 10. The more space between the links 12, the more bending that can occur. Particularly, the distance from the sheave contact to the first link 12 is important. The third link row counting link rows from the sheave contact can display the most bending, such that a consecutively placed link 12 in this third link row can best be placed in this location in the chain belt 10, to help support the bending load.

In embodiments of the chain belt 10 that include the plurality of links 12 and the second type of link, the pins 18 may need to have a flat-surfaced portion 24 only in a location along the first length Li where the pins 18 will engage the links 12. In these embodiments, locations where the pins 18 engage the second links may be more suitably shaped entirely round, or another shape. Accordingly, the entire perimeter of at least one segment of the first length Li of each pin 18 can be shaped like a circle or a shape different from the shape at a section of the pins 18 having the flat- surfaced portions 24. Further, the perimeter of at least one segment of the length Li of at least one pin 18 can be shaped entirely cylindrically or of a shape different from the shape at a section of the pins 18 having the flat-surfaced portions 24.

Accordingly, it is to be understood that the embodiments of the invention herein described are merely illustrative of the application of the principles of the invention.

Reference herein to details of the illustrated embodiments is not intended to limit the scope of the claims, which themselves recite those features regarded as essential to the invention.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A chain belt for a continuously variable transmission, the chain belt comprising: a plurality of links, each link defining a first aperture and a second aperture; and a plurality of pins connecting the plurality of links, each pin having a first length, a perimeter of at least one section of the first length shaped like a circle with a flat- surfaced portion, wherein the first aperture and the second aperture are each shaped like a cylinder with a convex portion protruding into the cylinder, wherein the flat-surfaced portion of the pin is configured to engage the convex portion of the first aperture and the second aperture.

2. The chain belt of claim 1 , wherein each convex portion is oriented in each respective aperture in the same location relative to each respective aperture.

3. The chain belt of claim 1, wherein each convex portion includes a first stop surface to stop rotation of the pins in the clockwise direction relative to each respective aperture, and a second stop surface to stop rotation of the pins in the counterclockwise direction relative to each respective aperture.

4. The chain belt of claim 1 , further comprising at least one second link, the second link having a first aperture and a second aperture, at least one of the first aperture and the second aperture shaped entirely cylindrically.

5. The chain belt of claim 1, further comprising at least one second link with two apertures different in shape from the first aperture and the second aperture, the plurality of links and the at least one second link arranged in rows on the plurality of pins, at least one link from the plurality of links in each row.

6. The chain belt of claim 1 , wherein at least one pin from the plurality of pins extends consecutively through the first aperture on a first link from the plurality of links and a second aperture on a second link from the plurality of links.

7. The chain belt of claim 1, wherein the flat-surfaced portion defines a minority of the perimeter of the at least one section.

8. The chain belt of claim 1, wherein each pin comprises a first end, a second end, and a second length, the first end and the second end each cut at an angle oblique to a longitudinal axis of the first length, the second end defining an overall length of the pin, the first length being a length between the first end and the second end.

9. The chain belt of claim 7, wherein the flat-surfaced portion and the first length of each pin are on a same side of each respective pin.

10. The chain belt of claim 1, wherein the perimeter at any section of at least one segment of the first length of at least one from the plurality of pins is shaped entirely cylindrically.

11. The chain belt of claim 1, wherein the entire perimeter of at least a second section of the length of each pin is shaped like a circle.

12. The chain belt of claim 1, wherein each of the first aperture and the second aperture of each of the plurality of links is configured to receive a single pin.

13. The chain belt of claim 1, wherein each convex portion includes a first stop surface to stop rotation of the pins in the clockwise direction relative to each respective aperture, and a second stop surface to stop rotation of the pins in the counterclockwise direction relative to each respective aperture, each convex portion having a rounded transition between the respective first stop surface and the respective second stop surface.

14. The chain belt of claim 1, wherein a single pin from the plurality of pins extends

through one aperture of each of a plurality of links of the plurality of links, the apertures consecutively alternating between left and right, wherein at least two consecutive apertures through which the single pin extends repeat left or right.

15. The chain belt of claim 1, wherein the plurality of links comprise first links of a first thickness and second links of a second thickness, the second thickness being greater than the first thickness.

16. A link for a chain belt of a continuously variable transmission, the link comprising: a body with a thickness; a first aperture through the thickness of the body; and a second aperture through the thickness of the body, the second aperture adjacent the first aperture, the first aperture and the second aperture each shaped as a cylinder with a convex portion protruding into the cylinder, the convex portion of the first aperture oriented in the same location with respect to the first aperture as the convex portion of the second aperture is oriented with respect to the second aperture.

17. A pin for a chain belt of a continuously variable transmission, the pin comprising: a longitude including a longitudinal axis; a first end being cut at an angle oblique to the longitudinal axis; a second end opposing the first end, the second end being cut at an angle oblique to the longitudinal axis; a first length, the first length extending between the first end and the second end from the first end to the second end; and a second length, the second length extending the total length of the pin, a perimeter of at least one segment of the first length being shaped like a cylinder with a flat-surfaced portion,

the flat-surfaced portion and the first length being on a same side of the pin.