WO2019001357A1 - 电池托盘、电池包总成以及具有它的车辆 - Google Patents

电池托盘、电池包总成以及具有它的车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019001357A1
WO2019001357A1 PCT/CN2018/092373 CN2018092373W WO2019001357A1 WO 2019001357 A1 WO2019001357 A1 WO 2019001357A1 CN 2018092373 W CN2018092373 W CN 2018092373W WO 2019001357 A1 WO2019001357 A1 WO 2019001357A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tray
battery
heat
pipe
battery tray
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/092373
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
沈晞
郑卫鑫
鲁志佩
谭晶
卢甲
朱燕
朱建华
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201710526412.2A external-priority patent/CN109216603A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710526278.6A external-priority patent/CN109216602B/zh
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Publication of WO2019001357A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019001357A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/222—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/224—Metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a battery tray and a battery pack assembly having the same.
  • the method for improving the structure of the battery is generally light weight, compact, and particularly lightweight, and the above method can reduce the weight of the battery pack by reducing or removing part of the structural member or reducing the thickness of the material.
  • it also causes a decrease in the strength of the battery pack, resulting in poor safety and reliability of the battery pack.
  • thermal management of the battery during use has become a major aspect of current research and development.
  • the current mainstream technologies include liquid cooling, air cooling, phase change cooling, etc., and most of the thermal management systems are independently installed in the battery module or the battery pack, which not only increases the design difficulty, but also is disadvantageous for the requirements of compactness and light weight.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a battery tray that is light in weight, strong in strength, and more uniform in heat dissipation and more compact in structure.
  • the present invention also proposes a battery pack assembly having the above battery tray.
  • a battery tray includes: a tray body; a partition adapted to be coupled to the tray body above the tray body to define a plurality of batteries for placing a battery with the tray body a receiving space; and a thermal management portion at least partially embedded in the partition.
  • the heat management unit is arranged to facilitate the management of the heat of the battery, in particular, the heat dissipation of the battery is facilitated, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved. Further, by providing a partition for partitioning the space above the battery tray, an independent space is provided for the installation of each battery cell, and at the same time, the heat management portion is at least partially embedded in the partition member, which can not only form a heat management portion of the heat pipe. Protection, and make the overall utilization of the battery tray more reasonable and more compact.
  • the heat management portion includes at least one of a heat pipe and a cold pipe, at least a portion of at least one of the cold pipe and the heat pipe being embedded in the separator.
  • the heat management portion includes: a cold pipe embedded in the partition; and a heat pipe, a portion of the heat pipe being connected to the cold pipe and located at the Inside the divider.
  • another portion of the heat pipe is embedded within the tray body or on an upper surface of the tray body.
  • the partition has a receiving groove therein, the receiving groove has a notch, a part of the cold pipe and the heat pipe is located in the receiving groove, and another part of the heat pipe is from the receiving groove The notch extends.
  • the partitioning member is a grille
  • the grille includes a horizontal partition plate and a vertical partition plate which are perpendicularly connected to each other, and the horizontal partition plate and the vertical partition plate are vertically connected to the tray body, and the receiving portion is vertically connected to the tray body.
  • a groove is formed on at least one of the diaphragm and the vertical partition.
  • the heat pipe extends in a longitudinal direction and the cold pipe extends in a lateral direction
  • the number of the heat pipes is plural
  • the plurality of heat pipes are distributed in a lateral direction
  • the plurality of heat pipes are symmetrically distributed and connected
  • the accommodating grooves are formed on the lateral partitions on both sides of the cold pipe.
  • the heat management portion includes a heat pipe
  • the partition member has a receiving groove therein
  • the heat pipe is at least partially located in the receiving groove, and the receiving groove defines a communication with the outside. Flowing chamber.
  • a portion of the heat pipe is located within the receiving groove and another portion of the heat pipe is embedded within the tray body or at an upper surface of the tray body.
  • the partitioning member is a grille
  • the grille includes a horizontal partition plate and a vertical partition plate which are perpendicularly connected to each other, and the horizontal partition plate and the vertical partition plate are vertically connected to the tray body, and the receiving portion is vertically connected to the tray body.
  • a groove is formed on at least one of the diaphragm and the vertical partition.
  • the heat pipe includes: a vertical pipe segment parallel to the cold pipe, the vertical pipe segment extending into the receiving groove and connected to the cold pipe; and horizontal a pipe section, the horizontal pipe section being connected to a bottom end of the vertical pipe section, and a plane in which the horizontal pipe section is located is perpendicular to the transverse partition and the vertical partition.
  • the cold tube and the heat tube are both flat tubes.
  • the tray body includes: a tray bottom, the bottom of the tray being a carbon fiber layer and/or a fiberglass layer; a reinforcing portion; and a tray top, the tray top being adapted to be stacked on The bottom of the tray is above and the reinforcing portion is sandwiched between the bottom of the tray and the top of the tray, and the top of the tray is a carbon fiber layer and/or a fiberglass layer.
  • a battery pack assembly includes: a battery and the battery tray.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of a battery tray in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a battery tray in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a battery tray in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing the area A of Figure 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a heat management portion according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic exploded view of a battery tray according to a second embodiment of the present invention (heat management portion not shown).
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a battery tray according to a second embodiment of the present invention (thermal management portion not shown).
  • Figure 8 is a top plan view of a battery tray in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention (thermal management portion not shown).
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 8.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic exploded view of a battery tray according to an embodiment of the present invention (thermal management portion not shown).
  • FIG 11 is a schematic illustration of a battery tray (not shown in the thermal management section) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a battery tray (heat management portion not shown) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing the area B of Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing a reinforcing portion of a battery tray according to an embodiment of the present invention (the reinforcing portion is a honeycomb member).
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic view showing a reinforcing portion of a battery tray according to another embodiment of the present invention (the reinforcing portion is a lightweight alloy skeleton).
  • Reinforcing portion 20 lightweight alloy skeleton 20a, honeycomb hole 21, outer skeleton 22, inner skeleton 23,
  • a tray top 30 a first bottom wall 31, a first side wall 32, a mounting lug c, a communication hole 33,
  • Thermal management unit 50 heat pipe 51, horizontal pipe section 511, vertical pipe section 512, cold pipe 52, refrigerant inlet 521, refrigerant outlet 522,
  • the partition member 60 The partition member 60, the diaphragm 61, the vertical partition 62, the receiving groove 63, and the notch 631.
  • a battery tray 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 through 15.
  • a battery tray 100 includes a tray body, a partition 60, and a heat management portion 50.
  • the partitioning member 60 is adapted to be coupled to the tray body above the tray body to define a plurality of receiving spaces for the battery to be placed with the tray body, and the heat management portion 50 is at least partially embedded in the partitioning member 60.
  • the heat management unit 50 is provided to facilitate the management of the heat of the battery, especially to facilitate heat dissipation of the battery, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency. Further, by providing the partitioning member 60 that partitions the space above the battery tray 100, a separate space is provided for the installation of the battery, and the partitioning member 60 has a heat insulating function to enable a part of the thermal management portion embedded in the partitioning member 60. The heat insulation of the battery is 50, and the heat management portion 50 can be protected from the heat management portion 50, so that the space utilization of the battery tray 100 as a whole is more rational and the arrangement is more compact.
  • the heat management portion 50 includes at least one of the heat pipe 51 and the cold pipe 52, and at least a portion of at least one of the cold pipe 52 and the heat pipe 51 is embedded in the partition 60.
  • the heat pipe 51 is used for accommodating the heat transfer medium
  • the cold pipe 52 is used for cooling
  • the cold pipe 52 is a pipe for circulating the refrigerant
  • the refrigerant medium may be liquid, air, etc.
  • the cooling mode is not limited to liquid cooling and air cooling. the way.
  • the battery tray 100 discharges the heat of the battery through the heat pipe 51, and cools the heat pipe 51 by means of a cooling device provided outside the battery tray 100.
  • the heat management unit 50 includes only the cold pipe 52
  • the battery tray 100 is directly heat-exchanged with the battery through the cold pipe 52 to rapidly cool the battery.
  • the heat management portion 50 includes both the heat pipe 51 and the cold pipe 52
  • the battery tray 100 The heat of the battery is led to the cold pipe 52 through the heat pipe 51, and the heat pipe 51 is cooled and cooled by the cold pipe 52 to continuously dissipate heat from the battery tray 100.
  • the thermal management unit 50 can directly contact the battery or indirectly contact the battery to achieve heat dissipation.
  • the heat management portion 50 may include only the heat pipe 51, and the heat pipe 51 may be entirely embedded in the partition member 60, or a part of the heat pipe 51 may be embedded in the partition member 60 and the other portion may protrude outside the partition member 60.
  • the thermal management unit 50 may include only the cold tube 52.
  • the cold tube 52 may be entirely embedded in the partition 60, or a part of the cold tube 52 may be embedded in the partition 60.
  • the heat management portion 50 may also be composed of a cold pipe 52 and a heat pipe 51. At this time, at least one of the cold pipe 52 and the heat pipe 51 may be embedded in the partition member 60, and the cold pipe 52 may be wholly or partially embedded in the partition member.
  • the heat pipe 51 may also be embedded in the partition 60 in whole or in part.
  • the thermal management unit 50 includes a cold tube 52 and a heat pipe 51.
  • the cold tube 52 is embedded in the partition 60.
  • a part of the heat pipe 51 is connected to the cold pipe 52 and is located at the separation. Within 60. Thereby, the heat conduction is realized by the heat pipe 51, and the heat pipe 51 is cooled by the cold pipe 52 connected to the heat pipe 51, so that the heat pipe 51 can continuously derive the heat of the battery, and the heat exchange efficiency is higher.
  • another portion of the heat pipe 51 may be embedded in the tray body or the heat pipe 51 may be located on the upper surface of the tray body. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a part of the heat pipe 51 is connected to the cold pipe 52 and located in the partition 60. Another part of the heat pipe 51 may be completely or partially embedded in the tray body, and the heat pipe 51 is embedded in the tray body.
  • the top surface of the pipe section may be higher than the upper surface of the tray body, or may be at the same level as the upper surface of the tray body, or lower than the upper surface of the tray body.
  • the battery cannot directly contact the heat pipe 51, and is required to be used with the heat conducting member to normally conduct heat of the battery into the heat pipe 51.
  • the heat conductive member may be one or more of silica gel, polyurethane, and epoxy resin.
  • the partition 60 has a receiving groove 63 therein.
  • the receiving groove 63 has a notch 631.
  • the notch 631 is a notch provided at the edge of the side wall of the receiving groove 63, the cold pipe 52 and the heat pipe.
  • a portion of 51 is located within the receiving groove 63 and another portion of the heat pipe 51 projects from the notch 631 of the receiving groove 63.
  • the cold tubes 52 are all located in the receiving slots 63 of the partitioning member 60.
  • the tube segments of the heat pipes 51 connected to the cold tubes 52 are located in the receiving slots 63, and the other portion of the heat pipes 51 extends from the slots 631 of the receiving slots 63. Extend into the tray body.
  • the partition member 60 may be a grille including a transverse partition 61 and a vertical partition 62 which are vertically connected to each other, and the transverse partition 61 and the longitudinal partition 62 are vertically connected at On the tray body, a receiving groove 63 is formed on at least one of the diaphragm 61 and the vertical partition 62.
  • the diaphragm 61 extends in the width direction of the battery tray 100
  • the vertical partition 62 extends along the length direction of the battery tray 100
  • the diaphragm 61 and the vertical partition 62 are perpendicular to each other and connected together, and the vertical connection described herein includes Approximate vertical connection.
  • the heat pipe 51 extends in the lateral direction, that is, extends in the width direction of the tray body, and the cold tube 52 extends in the longitudinal direction, that is, extends along the length direction of the tray body, and the number of the heat pipes 51 is plural and the plurality of heat pipes 51 A plurality of heat pipes 51 are symmetrically distributed and connected to both sides of the cold pipe 52.
  • the receiving groove 63 is formed on the vertical partition 62.
  • the vertical partition 62 may be a U-shaped member with the opening facing downward to form the receiving groove 63.
  • the side wall edges of the receiving groove 63 have notches to form the notches 631, and the heat pipes 51 can protrude from the notches 631 on both sides.
  • the cooling loss of the cold pipe 52 is reduced, the heat exchange efficiency of the cold pipe 52 to the heat pipe 51 is improved, and the battery can be quickly cooled.
  • the heat pipe 51 includes a vertical pipe section 512 and a horizontal pipe section 511.
  • the vertical pipe section 512 is parallel to the side of the cold pipe 52.
  • the vertical pipe section 512 extends into the receiving groove 63 and is connected to the cold pipe 52.
  • the pipe section 511 is connected to the bottom end of the vertical pipe section 512, and the horizontal pipe section 511 is located at the tray main body, and the plane of the horizontal pipe section 511 may be perpendicular to the horizontal partition 61 and the vertical partition 62.
  • the upper ends of the vertical pipe sections 512 of the heat pipes 51 located on both sides of the diaphragms 61 may or may not be connected.
  • the plurality of battery cells of the battery are respectively located in the space defined by the horizontal partition 61 and the vertical partition 62 of the grill 60 for placing the battery, and the bottom of each battery cell or battery module is
  • the horizontal pipe section 511 of the heat pipe 51 is opposed to each other and the side wall of each battery cell or battery module is opposed to the cold pipe 52 and the vertical pipe section 512 of the heat pipe 51.
  • the number of heat pipes 51 is plural, the number of cold pipes 52 is one, and each heat pipe 51 is substantially L-shaped. Thereby, the distribution of the respective heat pipes 51 is more uniform and reasonable, and the heat dissipation of the battery tray 100 is more uniform.
  • the heat pipe 51 and the cold pipe 52 are both flat tubes, as shown in FIG. Thereby, not only the heat exchange area of the heat pipe 51 and the cold pipe 52 is increased, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the weight of the heat management portion 50 is reduced, and the space occupied by the battery tray 100 is reduced, so that the battery tray 100 is The structure is more compact and reasonable.
  • the tray body has a communication hole 33 that allows the horizontal pipe section 511 to communicate with the outside.
  • the horizontal pipe section 511 can be embedded in the communication hole 33 and communicate with the outside through the communication hole 33.
  • the communication hole 33 extends downward from the upper surface of the tray body, and the communication hole 33 can be a through hole penetrating the tray body, or It is a blind hole formed on the upper surface of the tray.
  • the heat transfer efficiency of the heat pipe 51 is improved by being provided at the communication hole 33 of the tray body to at least partially expose the upper surface of the heat pipe 51.
  • the tray body has a thinned portion that matches the horizontal tube segment 511.
  • the tray body may also have an upper protrusion that matches the horizontal tube section 511 to form a trough that receives the horizontal tube section 511.
  • the top surface of the tray body has a thermal barrier coating.
  • the thermal barrier coating can be an aerogel thermal barrier coating.
  • the cold tube 52 has a U-shaped refrigerant flow chamber and a refrigerant inlet 521 and a refrigerant outlet 522 at the end of the cold tube 52.
  • the refrigerant inlet 521 and the refrigerant outlet 522 are respectively communicated with the refrigerant flow passage, and the refrigerant inlet 521 and the refrigerant outlet 522 are located at the same end or different ends of the cold pipe 52. Thereby, the structure of the cold pipe 52 is more compact and the arrangement is more reasonable.
  • the end of the cold pipe 52 has a refrigerant inlet pipe and a refrigerant discharge pipe, the refrigerant inlet 521 is formed on the refrigerant inlet pipe, and the refrigerant outlet 522 is formed on the refrigerant discharge pipe, and the side wall of the battery tray has the said The refrigerant enters the through hole of the tube and the refrigerant discharge tube.
  • the heat management unit 50 includes a heat pipe 51.
  • the partition 60 has a receiving groove 63 therein.
  • the heat pipe 51 is at least partially located in the receiving groove 63.
  • the receiving groove 63 defines a communication with the outside.
  • the flow chamber is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 9.
  • the heat is quickly transmitted through the heat pipe 51, and the air is blown into the circulation chamber by the external cooling device (the arrow in FIG. 9 shows the specific direction of the air supply) to cool the heat pipe 51 so that the heat pipe 51 can continue.
  • the heat of the battery is derived, and the heat exchange efficiency is higher.
  • a part of the heat pipe 51 is located in the partition 60, and another part of the heat pipe 51 may be embedded in the tray body.
  • a part of the heat pipe 51 is located in the partition 60, and another part of the heat pipe 51 may be completely or partially embedded in the tray body, and the heat pipe 51 is embedded in the top of the pipe section of the tray body.
  • the face may be higher than the upper surface of the tray body, or may be at the same level as the upper surface of the tray body, or lower than the upper surface of the tray body.
  • the heat conductive member may be one or more of silica gel, polyurethane, and epoxy resin.
  • the partition member 60 may be a grille including a transverse partition 61 and a vertical partition 62 which are vertically connected to each other, and the transverse partition 61 and the longitudinal partition 62 are vertically connected at On the tray body, a receiving groove 63 is formed on at least one of the diaphragm 61 and the vertical partition 62.
  • the diaphragms 61 extend in the longitudinal direction of the battery tray 100
  • the vertical partitions 62 extend in the width direction of the battery tray 100
  • the diaphragms 61 and the vertical partitions 62 are perpendicular to each other and connected to each other.
  • the vertical connections described herein include approximately vertical connections.
  • the heat pipe 51 extends in the longitudinal direction, the number of the heat pipes 51 is plural, and the plurality of heat pipes 51 are distributed in the lateral direction, the plurality of heat pipes 51 are symmetrically distributed, and the receiving grooves 63 may be formed on the horizontal partition plates 61.
  • the heat pipe 51 includes a vertical pipe section 512 and a horizontal pipe section 511.
  • the vertical pipe section 512 is parallel to the transverse partition 61, the vertical pipe section 512 extends into the receiving groove 63, and the horizontal pipe section 511 and the vertical pipe section 512 The bottom end is connected, and the plane of the horizontal pipe section 511 is perpendicular to the horizontal partition 61 and the vertical partition 62.
  • the yoke 61 and the vertical partition 62 of the grille 60 define a plurality of accommodating spaces for accommodating the battery, the bottom of the battery is opposed to the horizontal pipe section of the heat pipe 51, and the side walls of the battery and the vertical of the heat pipe The pipe segments are opposite.
  • the number of heat pipes 51 is plural, and each heat pipe 51 is substantially L-shaped. Thereby, the distribution of the respective heat pipes 51 is more uniform and reasonable, and the heat dissipation of the battery tray 100 is more uniform.
  • the heat pipe 51 is a flat pipe, as shown in FIG.
  • the tray body has a communication hole 33 that communicates the heat pipe 51 with the outside.
  • the horizontal pipe section 511 of the heat pipe 51 may be embedded in the communication hole 33 and communicate with the outside through the communication hole 33.
  • the communication hole 33 extends downward from the upper surface of the tray body, and the communication hole 33 may be a through hole penetrating the tray body. It can also be a blind hole formed on the upper surface of the tray.
  • the heat transfer efficiency of the heat management portion 50 is improved by being provided at the communication hole 33 of the tray body to at least partially expose the upper surface of the horizontal pipe section 511 in the heat pipe 51.
  • the tray body has a thinned portion that matches the horizontal tube section 511 in the heat pipe 51.
  • the tray body may also have an upper protrusion that matches the horizontal tube section 511 in the heat pipe 51.
  • the top surface of the tray body has a thermal barrier coating.
  • the thermal barrier coating can be an aerogel thermal barrier coating.
  • a battery tray 100 includes a tray bottom portion 10, a reinforcing portion 20, and a tray top portion 30.
  • the tray bottom 10 is a carbon fiber layer and/or a fiberglass layer
  • the tray top 30 is adapted to be stacked over the tray bottom 10 and the reinforcement 20 is sandwiched between the tray bottom 10 and the tray top 30, the tray top 30 being a carbon fiber layer and/or Or a fiberglass layer.
  • the battery tray 100 has a multi-layer structure with a reinforcing portion 20 interposed between the carbon fiber layer (and/or the glass fiber layer) located at the uppermost layer and the carbon fiber layer (and/or the glass fiber layer) located at the lowermost layer. .
  • the existing battery trays for vehicles are mostly aluminum trays, alloy trays, and composite metal trays formed by adding a small amount of carbon fiber and/or polymer materials.
  • the weight of the battery tray is generally 50-80 kg, which seriously affects the performance of the vehicle. Because of the vibration and collision that the vehicle often encounters during use, the strength performance of the battery tray for the vehicle is demanding, and lightweight materials other than metal cannot meet the above requirements.
  • the inventor of the present application found in a long-term study that the carbon fiber and/or glass fiber material is made into a multi-layer structure (the top 30 of the tray and the bottom 10 of the tray) to supplement the shortage of the material itself, and to meet the strength performance of the battery tray;
  • the inventors designed a reinforcing portion 20 having a high tensile strength and elongation at break between the multilayer structures formed of carbon fibers and/or glass fibers, so that the battery tray 100 is subjected to various directions and The elongation at break is optimized and improved, and the damage of the battery tray 100 when it is subjected to impact or impact is reduced, so that the weight of the carbon fiber battery tray 100 can be reduced, and the strength of the carbon fiber battery tray 100 can be improved.
  • the reinforcing portion 20 and the heat management portion 50 can enhance and supplement the structural strength of the carbon fibers.
  • the bottom 10 of the tray mainly serves as a structural support, and the top 30 of the tray can also have an insulating sealing effect.
  • the reinforcing portion 20 also has heat insulation to block the transfer of heat between the inside and the outside, especially when the outside temperature is higher than the temperature of the internal battery, the battery tray can have a good heat insulation effect to avoid the battery temperature. high.
  • the structure of the tray top 30, the tray bottom 10, and the reinforcing portion 20 is mainly shown, and the heat management portion 50 is not shown in the drawing.
  • the reinforcing portion 20 may have a density of 0.01 g/cm 3 to 3 g/cm 3 .
  • the reinforcing portion 20 is made of the above-described lightweight material, and the strength of the battery tray 100 is enhanced and supplemented, and the weight of the battery tray 100 is not excessively increased.
  • the reinforcement portion 20 is any one of a foam member, a honeycomb member, an adhesive member, or a combination of any of several.
  • the foamed member refers to a structure having an irregular bubble inside
  • the honeycomb member refers to a honeycomb-like structure having a regular and uniform honeycomb hole therein, and the foam member and the honeycomb member have a large number of commonalities, and the shape of the honeycomb hole of the honeycomb member
  • the foam is more regular and ordered than the foamed part, so the cushioning impact of the honeycomb piece and the absorption of impact energy are better.
  • the reinforcing portion 20 is a sheet-like foaming member, a sheet-like honeycomb member or a sheet-shaped adhesive member, and a reinforcing structure (not shown) is further disposed between the tray bottom 10 and the tray top 30.
  • the reinforcing structure may be sandwiched between the bottom 10 of the tray and the top 30 of the tray and passed through the reinforcing portion 20, one end of which is connected to the bottom 10 of the tray and the other end of which is connected to the top 30 of the tray.
  • the reinforcing structure further enhances the tightness and firmness of the connection of the tray bottom 10, the tray top 30, and the reinforcing portion 20.
  • the reinforcing structure may be a reinforcing column or a reinforcing rib, and the reinforcing structure may be integrally formed with any one of the tray bottom 10 and the tray top 30 and bonded to the other, and the upper surface of the reinforcing portion 20 may be lower than the top 30 of the tray. The surface is bonded and the lower surface of the reinforcing portion 20 can be bonded to the upper surface of the tray bottom 10.
  • the tray top 30 includes a first bottom wall 31 and a first side wall 32 of the protruding first bottom wall 31 connected to the first bottom wall 31, the bottom of the tray
  • the second bottom wall 11 and the second side wall 12 of the protruding second bottom wall 11 connected to the second bottom wall 11 are sandwiched between the first bottom wall 31 and the second bottom wall 11;
  • a reinforcing member (not shown) is sandwiched between a side wall 32 and the second side wall 12.
  • the reinforcing member may be clamped between the first side wall 32 and the second side wall 12, or may be clamped at the same time. Strong 20.
  • the reinforcing member is made of any one of aluminum, aluminum alloy, magnesium material, and magnesium alloy.
  • the reinforcing member is a metal structure having better strength, thereby providing sufficient adhesion to the bottom portion 10 of the tray, and capable of better limiting the battery to prevent battery slosh caused by vibration of the vehicle from damaging the battery tray 100.
  • the reinforcing portion 20 is any one of a gun member, a honeycomb member, and an adhesive member to ensure that the weight of the reinforcing portion 20 is not too large, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery pack assembly as a whole.
  • the foaming member may be any one of a silicone foaming material, a polyurethane foaming material, a PPO foaming material, a PP foaming material, a PVC foaming material, and a lightweight metal foaming material. Combination of species. That is to say, when the reinforcing portion 20 is a foaming member, the foaming member can be made of a silicone foaming material, a polyurethane foaming material, a PPO foaming material, a PP foaming material, a PVC foaming material, and a lightweight metal foaming. Made of at least one of the materials.
  • the lightweight metal foamed material may be any of foamed aluminum or expanded magnesium.
  • the lightweight alloy foam material has the advantages of both the foaming material and the lightweight alloy material, and is not only light in weight but also good in strength.
  • the honeycomb member has a plurality of honeycomb holes 21, and the plurality of honeycomb holes 21 are evenly distributed on the honeycomb member, and the honeycomb holes 21 have a circular or polygonal cross section.
  • the honeycomb material may have a plurality of polygonal structures or circular structures stacked, the plurality of honeycomb holes being cylindrical holes and the plurality of honeycomb holes 21 being spaced apart from each other and independent. As shown in Fig. 14, when the honeycomb hole 21 has a hexagonal cross section, the shape of the honeycomb member is similar to that of the honeycomb.
  • the honeycomb member may be any one or a combination of any of aramid type honeycomb material, phenolic type honeycomb material, alloy honeycomb material, ceramic honeycomb material. That is, the honeycomb member may be any one of a lenticular honeycomb material, a phenolic honeycomb material, an alloy honeycomb material, and a ceramic honeycomb material, or may be a composite material composed of any two or more of the above materials. .
  • the reinforcing portion 20 is a lightweight alloy sheet or a lightweight alloy skeleton 20a. Thereby, the thickness and weight of the reinforcing portion 20 can be further reduced.
  • the use of the lightweight alloy skeleton 20a can reduce the weight of the reinforcing portion 20 while ensuring the strength of the reinforcing portion 20, and is advantageous in achieving weight reduction of the entire battery tray 100.
  • the lightweight alloy skeleton 20a includes an annular outer skeleton 22 and an inner skeleton 23 coupled within the outer skeleton 22.
  • the outer frame 22 is substantially square
  • the inner frame 23 includes a transverse frame and a longitudinal frame that intersect each other. The two ends of the transverse frame respectively extend to two short sides of the outer frame, and the two ends of the longitudinal frame respectively extend to the outer frame. The two long sides.
  • the lightweight alloy skeleton 20a has the above-described shape, which is not only convenient for processing, but also has uniform strength of each portion of the battery tray 100, thereby avoiding stress concentration.
  • the shape of the lightweight alloy skeleton 20a is not limited to the shape shown in the drawings, and the outline shape of the outer skeleton 22 may coincide with the contour shape of the battery tray 100, and accordingly, the length of the outer skeleton 22 of the lightweight alloy skeleton 20a. It is also limited by the shape of the battery tray 100 at its distribution.
  • the tray top 30 includes a first bottom wall 31 and a first side wall 32 that projects from the first bottom wall 31 to project the first bottom wall 31.
  • the tray bottom 10 includes a second bottom wall 11 and a second side wall 12 of the second bottom wall 11 connected to the second bottom wall 11.
  • the top end of the first side wall 32 is connected to the top end of the second side wall 12 and the top of the tray 30 and the bottom of the tray
  • a receiving chamber for arranging the reinforcing portion 20 is defined between 10.
  • the second side wall 12 and the first side wall 32 can provide a limit for the placement of the battery within the battery tray 100, effectively preventing the battery from sloshing within the battery tray 100. Since the bottom wall of the battery tray 100 serves as a main load-bearing portion, it is preferable to arrange the reinforcing portion 20 opposite to the first bottom wall 31 and the second bottom wall 11, so that the structure of the battery tray 100 is more compact and more convenient for processing and production.
  • the first side wall 12 or the second side wall 32 has a mounting lug c with a rigid mounting portion 40 embedded therein.
  • a rigid mounting portion may be provided on at least one of the tray top 30, the tray bottom 10, and the reinforcing portion 20.
  • the first side wall 12 and the second side wall 32 each have a mounting lug c, a mounting lug c of the first side wall 32 and a mounting lug c of the second side wall 12.
  • the same rigid mounting portion 40 is embedded in the two mounting lugs c disposed opposite to each other in the up and down direction.
  • the rigid mounting portion 40 can reinforce the mounting lug c and enhance the deformation resistance of the mounting lug c, so that the rigid mounting portion 40 can reinforce the battery tray 100 and the vehicle body when the battery tray 100 is mounted to the vehicle body The tightness and stability of the connection.
  • the rigid mounting portion 40 is a metal mounting post and the rigid mounting portion 40 has mounting through holes 42 that extend axially.
  • the rigid mounting portion 40 can be a metal sleeve that is relatively rigid and is not easily deformed. That is, the mounting lug c may have a mounting hole penetrating in the up and down direction, and the rigid mounting portion 40 is embedded in the mounting hole, and the outer wall of the rigid mounting portion 40 may be interference-fitted with the inner wall of the mounting hole of the mounting lug c.
  • At least one end of the rigid mounting portion 40 has a stop flange 41 adapted to abut against the end surface of the mounting lug c.
  • the limit flange 41 can protrude from the mounting lug c and rest on the upper end surface or the lower end surface of the mounting lug c.
  • the reinforcing portion 20 may have a single layer structure or a multilayer structure.
  • the reinforcing portion 20 may be any one of a foaming member, a honeycomb member, and an adhesive member, or at least two of a foaming member, a honeycomb member, and an adhesive member. The combination.
  • each layer portion may be any one of a foaming member, a honeycomb member, and an adhesive member or at least two of a foaming member, a honeycomb member, and an adhesive member. Combination, wherein the structures of two adjacent layers may be the same or different.
  • the shape of the top of the tray and the bottom of the tray can be adapted to change, for example, the top of the tray can be provided with a hole for exposing the heat pipe or the top of the tray has a plurality of protrusions to enhance The strength of the top of the tray.
  • a battery pack assembly includes: a battery and the battery tray 100 of the above embodiment.
  • the battery pack assembly has the advantages of light weight and high strength.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池托盘以及具有它的电池包总成，所述电池托盘包括：托盘本体；分隔件，所述分隔件适于在所述托盘本体上方与所述托盘本体连接以与托盘本体限定出多个用于放置电池的容纳空间；以及热管理部，所述热管理部至少部分嵌设于所述分隔件内。根据本发明实施例的电池托盘，不仅重量轻、强度好，而且散热更均匀、使各个电池单体能够充分、高效散热。

Description

电池托盘、电池包总成以及具有它的车辆
本申请要求于2017年06月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710526278.6、发明名称为“电池托盘以及具有它的电池包总成”，以及于2017年06月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710526412.2、发明名称为“电池托盘、电池包总成以及具有它的车辆”，的两篇中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种电池托盘以及具有它的电池包总成。
背景技术
相关技术中，提高电池的能量密度是对动力电池进行优化的重要手段，常规的提高电池的能量密度的方法有以下两种：一种是采用能量密度更高的材料；另一种是通过对电池结构的改进，使同样的电池模组获得更高的能量密度。其中，对电池结构的改进通常采用的方法就是轻量化、紧凑化，尤以轻量化效果最佳，通常通过减少或去掉部分结构件、或降低材料厚度，上述方法虽然能够降低电池包的重量，但是也会造成电池包的强度的下降，造成电池包的安全性和可靠性较差。
同时，由于对动力电池倍率、功率等要求的提高，电池在使用过程中的热管理也成为当前研发的主要方面。当前主流的技术有液冷、风冷、相变冷却等，且热管理系统大多独立设置在电池模组或电池包中，不仅增大了设计难度，而且不利于紧凑化和轻量化的需求。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本发明提出一种重量轻、强度好且散热更均匀、结构更紧凑的电池托盘。
本发明还提出了一种具有上述电池托盘的电池包总成。
根据本发明第一方面实施例的电池托盘包括：托盘本体；分隔件，所述分隔件适于在所述托盘本体上方与所述托盘本体连接以与托盘本体限定出多个用于放置电池的容纳空间；以及热管理部，所述热管理部至少部分嵌设于所述分隔件内。
根据本发明实施例的电池托盘，通过设置热管理部以方便对电池的热量进行管理，尤其是方便电池的散热，提高了散热效率。进一步地，通过设置对电池托盘上方的空间进行分区的分隔件，以为各个电池单体的安装提供独立的空间，同时使热管理部至少部分嵌设在分隔件内不仅能够对热管热管理部形成保护，而且使电池托盘整体的空间利用更合理、布置更紧凑。
根据本发明一个实施例的电池托盘，所述热管理部包括热管和冷管中的至少一个，所述冷管和所述热管中至少一个的至少部分嵌设于所述分隔件内。
根据本发明一个实施例的电池托盘，所述热管理部包括：冷管，所述冷管嵌设于所述分隔件内；和热管，所述热管的一部分与所述冷管连接且位于所述分隔件内。
根据本发明的一些实施例中，所述热管的另一部分嵌设于所述托盘本体内或位于所述托盘本体的上表面。
可选地，所述分隔件内具有容纳槽，所述容纳槽具有槽口，所述冷管和所述热管的一部分位于所述容纳槽内且所述热管的另一部分从所述容纳槽的槽口伸出。
进一步地，所述分隔件为格栅，所述格栅包括互相垂直连接的横隔板和纵隔板，所述横隔板和所述纵隔板均垂直连接在所述托盘本体上，所述容纳槽形成在所述横隔板和所述纵隔板中的至少一个上。
在一些具体实施例中，所述热管沿纵向延伸且所述冷管沿横向延伸，所述热管的个数为多个且多个所述热管沿横向分布，多个所述热管对称分布并连接在所述冷管的两侧，所述容纳槽形成在所述横隔板上。
根据本发明一个实施例的电池托盘，所述热管理部包括热管，所述分隔件内具有容纳槽，所述热管至少部分位于所述容纳槽内，所述容纳槽内限定出与外界连通的流通腔。
在一些实施例中，所述热管的一部分位于所述容纳槽内且所述热管的另一部分嵌设于所述托盘本体内或位于所述托盘本体的上表面。
进一步地，所述分隔件为格栅，所述格栅包括互相垂直连接的横隔板和纵隔板，所述横隔板和所述纵隔板均垂直连接在所述托盘本体上，所述容纳槽形成在所述横 隔板和所述纵隔板中的至少一个上。
在一些具体实施例中，所述热管包括：竖直管段，所述竖直管段与所述冷管平行，所述竖直管段伸入所述容纳槽内并与所述冷管连接；以及水平管段，所述水平管段与所述竖直管段的底端连接，且所述水平管段所在的平面垂直于所述横隔板和所述纵隔板。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述冷管和所述热管均为扁管。
根据本发明一个实施例的电池托盘，所述托盘本体包括：托盘底部，所述托盘底部为碳纤维层和/或玻璃纤维层；补强部；以及托盘顶部，所述托盘顶部适于叠置在所述托盘底部上方且所述补强部夹在所述托盘底部和所述托盘顶部之间，所述托盘顶部为碳纤维层和/或玻璃纤维层。
根据本发明第二方面实施例的电池包总成包括：电池以及所述的电池托盘。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是根据本发明第一实施例的电池托盘的拆分示意图。
图2是根据本发明第一实施例的电池托盘的示意图。
图3是根据本发明第一实施例的电池托盘的剖视示意图。
图4是图3中A区域的局部放大示意图。
图5是根据本发明第一实施例的热管理部的示意图。
图6是根据本发明第二实施例的电池托盘的拆分示意图(热管理部未示出)。
图7是根据本发明第二实施例的电池托盘的示意图(热管理部未示出)。
图8是根据本发明第二实施例的电池托盘的俯视示意图(热管理部未示出)。
图9是沿图8中线C-C的剖视示意图。
图10是根据本发明实施例的电池托盘的拆分示意图(热管理部未示出)。
图11是根据本发明实施例的电池托盘的示意图(热管理部未示出)。
图12是根据本发明实施例的电池托盘的剖视示意图(热管理部未示出)。
图13是图12中B区域的局部放大示意图。
图14是根据本发明一个实施例的电池托盘的补强部的局部放大示意图(补强部为蜂窝件)。
图15是根据本发明另一实施例的电池托盘的补强部的示意图(补强部为轻质合金骨架)。
附图标记：
电池托盘100，
托盘底部10，第二底壁11，第二侧壁12，
补强部20，轻质合金骨架20a，蜂窝孔21，外骨架22，内骨架23，
托盘顶部30，第一底壁31，第一侧壁32，安装凸耳c，连通孔33，
刚性安装部40，限位凸缘41，安装通孔42，
热管理部50，热管51，水平管段511，竖直管段512，冷管52，制冷剂进口521，制冷剂出口522，
分隔件60，横隔板61，纵隔板62，容纳槽63，槽口631。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
下面参考图1至图15描述根据本发明实施例的电池托盘100。
如图1所示，根据本发明第一方面实施例的电池托盘100包括：托盘本体、分隔件60以及热管理部50。分隔件60适于在托盘本体上方与托盘本体连接以与托盘本体限定出多个用于放置电池的容纳空间，热管理部50至少部分嵌设于分隔件60内。
根据本发明实施例的电池托盘100，通过设置热管理部50以方便对电池的热量进行管理，尤其是方便电池的散热，提高了散热效率。进一步地，通过设置对电池托盘100上方的空间进行分区的分隔件60，为电池的安装提供独立的空间，同时分隔件60具有保温绝热作用能够使嵌设在分隔件60内的部分热管理部50保温， 避免与电池的热交换，还能够对热管理部50形成保护，使电池托盘100整体的空间利用更合理、布置更紧凑。
根据本发明一个实施例的电池托盘100，热管理部50包括热管51和冷管52中的至少一个，冷管52和热管51中至少一个的至少部分嵌设于分隔件60内。其中，热管51用于容纳传热介质，冷管52用于制冷，冷管52应该是用于流通制冷介质的管道，制冷介质可以是液体、空气等；其制冷方式不限于液冷和空冷等方式。
具体而言，当热管理部50只包括热管51时，电池托盘100通过热管51将电池的热量导出，并借助设置在电池托盘100外的冷却装置对热管51进行降温。当热管理部50只包括冷管52时，电池托盘100只通过冷管52直接与电池热交换进而对电池快速降温，当热管理部50既包括热管51又包括冷管52时，电池托盘100通过热管51将电池的热量导出至冷管52，进而通过冷管52对热管51进行冷却降温，以使电池托盘100的持续散热。热管理部50可以直接接触电池，也可以间接接触电池，实现散热目的。
换言之，热管理部50可以仅仅包括热管51，热管51可以全部嵌设于分隔件60内，也可以是热管51的一部分嵌设于分隔件60内且另一部分伸出分隔件60外。在另一些实施例中，热管理部50也可以仅包括冷管52，冷管52可以全部嵌设于分隔件60内，也可以是冷管52的一部分嵌设于分隔件60内。此外，热管理部50还可以由冷管52和热管51组成，此时冷管52和热管51中的至少一个可以嵌设于分隔件60内，冷管52可以全部或部分嵌设于分隔件60内，热管51也可以全部或部分嵌设于分隔件60内。
第一实施例
在图1和图2所示的具体实施例中，热管理部50包括：冷管52和热管51，冷管52嵌设于分隔件60内，热管51的一部分与冷管52连接且位于分隔件60内。由此，通过热管51实现热量的快速传导，同时借助与热管51连接的冷管52对热管51进行降温，以使热管51能够持续将电池的热量导出，换热效率更高。
具体地，热管51的另一部分可以嵌设于托盘本体内或者热管51位于托盘本体的上表面。如图3和图4所示，热管51的一部分与冷管52连接且位于分隔件60内，热管51的另一部分可以完全或部分嵌设于托盘本体内，热管51的嵌设于托盘 本体的管段的顶面可以高于托盘本体的上表面，也可以与托盘本体的上表面在同一水平面，或者低于托盘本体的上表面。
当热管51的水平管段511的上表面低于托盘本体的上表面时，电池无法直接接触热管51，需配合导热件使用以使电池的热量正常传导至热管51内。具体地，导热件可以是硅胶、聚氨酯、环氧树脂中的一种或几种。
在另一些实施例中，分隔件60内具有容纳槽63，容纳槽63具有槽口631，如图2所示，槽口631为设于容纳槽63侧壁边缘的缺口，冷管52和热管51的一部分位于容纳槽63内且热管51的另一部分从容纳槽63的槽口631伸出。具体地，冷管52全部位于分隔件60的容纳槽63内，热管51的与冷管52连接的管段位于容纳槽63内，热管51的另一部分管段从容纳槽63的槽口631伸出并伸入至托盘本体内。
在图1和图2所示的具体实施例中，分隔件60可以是格栅，格栅包括互相垂直连接的横隔板61和纵隔板62，横隔板61和纵隔板62均垂直连接在托盘本体上，容纳槽63形成在横隔板61和纵隔板62中的至少一个上。具体地，横隔板61沿电池托盘100的宽度方向延伸，纵隔板62沿电池托盘100的长度方向延伸，横隔板61和纵隔板62互相垂直且连接在一起，本文所述的垂直连接包括近似垂直连接。
在一些具体实施例中，热管51沿横向延伸，即沿托盘本体宽度方向延伸，且冷管52沿纵向延伸，即沿托盘本体长度方向延伸，热管51的个数为多个且多个热管51沿纵向分布，多个热管51对称分布并连接在冷管52的两侧，容纳槽63形成在纵隔板62上，具体是纵隔板62可以是U形件，其开口朝下，形成容纳槽63，容纳槽63的两侧侧壁边缘具有缺口以形成槽口631，热管51可自两侧的槽口631伸出。
由此，通过将冷管52和热管51的一部分设置在格栅60内，减少了冷管52的冷量损失，提高了冷管52对热管51的换热效率，进而使电池能够快速降温。
在一些具体实施例中，热管51包括：竖直管段512以及水平管段511，竖直管段512与冷管52的侧面平行，竖直管段512伸入容纳槽63内并与冷管52连接，水平管段511与竖直管段512的底端连接，且水平管段511位于托盘主体，水平管段511所在的平面可以垂直于横隔板61和纵隔板62。位于横隔板61两侧的热管51的竖直管段512的上端可连通或不连通。
实际使用时，电池的多个电池单体分别位于格栅60的横隔板61和纵隔板62限定出的多个用于放置电池的空间内，每个电池单体或电池模组的底部与热管51的水平管段511相对且每个电池单体或电池模组的侧壁与冷管52和热管51的竖直管段512相对。
参照图5所示，热管51的个数为多个，冷管52的个数为一个，每个热管51大体为L形。由此，各个热管51的分布更均匀合理，电池托盘100的散热更均匀。
作为优选实施方式，热管51和冷管52均为扁管，参见图3所示。由此，不仅增大了热管51和冷管52的换热面积，提高了换热效率，而且降低了热管理部50的重量，减少了对电池托盘100的空间的占用，使电池托盘100的结构更紧凑合理。
在一些实施例中，如图3和图4所示，托盘本体具有使水平管段511与外界连通的连通孔33。具体地，水平管段511可以嵌设在连通孔33内且通过连通孔33与外界连通，连通孔33自托盘本体的上表面向下延伸，连通孔33可以是贯通托盘本体的通孔，也可以是形成在托盘上表面的盲孔。
由此，通过设置在托盘本体的连通孔33以使热管51的上表面至少部分暴露出来，提高了热管51的传热效率。
当然，本发明并不限于此，在另一些实施例中，托盘本体具有与水平管段511相匹配的减薄部。此外，托盘本体还可以具有与水平管段511相匹配的上凸部，以形成容置水平管段511的槽体。
作为优选实施方式，托盘本体的顶面具有隔热涂层。具体地，隔热涂层可以是气凝胶隔热涂层。通过设置上述隔热涂层以防止外界的热量传导至电池并影响电池的热量，同时能够避免电池的温度沿热管理部50传递过程中向四周散热，提高了热传导效率。
在一些实施例中，冷管52具有U形的制冷剂流通腔以及位于冷管52的端部的制冷剂进口521和制冷剂出口522。制冷剂进口521与制冷剂出口522分别与制冷剂流通腔相连通，制冷剂进口521和制冷剂出口522位于冷管52的同一端或不同端。由此，冷管52的结构更紧凑、布置更合理。
冷管52的端部具有制冷剂进入管和制冷剂排出管，制冷剂进口521形成在制冷剂进入管上，制冷剂出口522形成在制冷剂排出管上，电池托盘的侧壁具有供所述制冷剂进入管和制冷剂排出管伸出的通孔。
第二实施例
在图6至图9所示的具体实施例中，热管理部50包括热管51，分隔件60内具有容纳槽63，热管51至少部分位于容纳槽63内，容纳槽63内限定出与外界连通的流通腔。
由此，通过热管51实现热量的快速传导，同时借助外界的冷却装置向流通腔内送风(图9中箭头示出送风的具体方向)，以对热管51进行降温，使热管51能够持续将电池的热量导出，换热效率更高。
其中，热管51的一部分位于分隔件60内，热管51的另一部分可以嵌设于托盘本体内。
具体地，如图6和图7所示，热管51的一部分位于分隔件60内，热管51的另一部分可以完全或部分嵌设于托盘本体内，热管51的嵌设于托盘本体的管段的顶面可以高于托盘本体的上表面，也可以与托盘本体的上表面在同一水平面，或者低于托盘本体的上表面。当热管51的水平管段511的上表面低于托盘本体的上表面时，电池无法直接接触热管51，需配合导热件使用以使电池的热量正常传导至热管51内。具体地，导热件可以是硅胶、聚氨酯、环氧树脂中的一种或几种。
在图6和图8所示的具体实施例中，分隔件60可以是格栅，格栅包括互相垂直连接的横隔板61和纵隔板62，横隔板61和纵隔板62均垂直连接在托盘本体上，容纳槽63形成在横隔板61和纵隔板62中的至少一个上。具体地，横隔板61沿电池托盘100的长度方向延伸，纵隔板62沿电池托盘100的宽度方向延伸，横隔板61和纵隔板62互相垂直且连接在一起。本文所述的垂直连接包括近似垂直连接。
在一些具体实施例中，热管51沿纵向延伸，热管51的个数为多个且多个热管51沿横向分布，多个热管51对称分布，容纳槽63可以形成在横隔板61上。
在一些具体实施例中，热管51包括：竖直管段512以及水平管段511，竖直管段512与横隔板61平行，竖直管段512伸入容纳槽63内，水平管段511与竖直管段512的底端连接，且水平管段511所在的平面垂直于横隔板61和纵隔板62。
实际使用时，格栅60的横隔板61和纵隔板62限定出的多个用于放置电池的容纳空间，电池的底部与热管51的水平管段相对且电池的侧壁与和热管的竖直管段相对。
参照图8所示，热管51的个数为多个，每个热管51大体为L形。由此，各个热管51的分布更均匀合理，电池托盘100的散热更均匀。
作为优选实施方式，热管51为扁管，参见图6所示。由此，不仅增大了热管51和容纳槽63内流通腔的换热面积，提高了换热效率，而且降低了热管理部50的重量，减少了对电池托盘100的空间的占用，使电池托盘100的结构更紧凑合理。
在一些实施例中，如7所示，托盘本体具有使热管51与外界连通的连通孔33。具体地，热管51的水平管段511可以嵌设在连通孔33内且通过连通孔33与外界连通，连通孔33自托盘本体的上表面向下延伸，连通孔33可以是贯通托盘本体的通孔，也可以是形成在托盘上表面的盲孔。
由此，通过设置在托盘本体的连通孔33以使热管51中水平管段511的上表面至少部分暴露出来，提高了热管理部50的传热效率。
当然，本发明并不限于此，在另一些实施例中，托盘本体具有与热管51中水平管段511相匹配的减薄部。此外，托盘本体还可以具有与热管51中水平管段511相匹配的上凸部。
作为优选实施方式，托盘本体的顶面具有隔热涂层。具体地，隔热涂层可以是气凝胶隔热涂层。通过设置上述隔热涂层以防止外界的热量传导至电池并影响电池的热量，同时能够避免电池的温度沿热管理部50传递过程中向四周散热，提高了热传导效率。
作为优选实施方式，如图10和图11所示，根据本发明实施例的电池托盘100包括：托盘底部10、补强部20以及托盘顶部30。托盘底部10为碳纤维层和/或玻璃纤维层，托盘顶部30适于叠置在托盘底部10上方且补强部20夹在托盘底部10和托盘顶部30之间，托盘顶部30为碳纤维层和/或玻璃纤维层。
也就是说，电池托盘100为多层结构，在位于最上层的碳纤维层(和/或玻璃纤维层)与位于最下层的碳纤维层(和/或玻璃纤维层)之间夹有补强部20。
现有的车用电池托盘多是铝托盘、合金托盘、添加少量碳纤维和/或高分子材料形成的复合金属托盘，电池托盘的重量一般为50-80公斤，严重影响车辆的使用性能。因车辆在使用过程中常遇到的震动、碰撞等情况，所以对车辆用电池托盘的强度性能要求苛刻，除金属以外的轻质的材料，无法满足上述要求。
本申请发明人在长期研究中发现，将碳纤维和/或玻璃纤维材料做成多层结构(托盘顶部30、托盘底部10)可补充材料本身的不足，满足电池托盘的强度性能；为了进一步提升电池托盘的整体性能，发明人设计在碳纤维和/或玻璃纤维形成的多层结构之间配合拉伸强度和断裂伸长率高的补强部20，使得电池托盘100在各个方向的受力能力以及断裂伸长率都得到优化和改善，降低电池托盘100受到冲击或被撞击时受到的损坏，这样，既能实现碳纤维电池托盘100的轻量化，又提高碳纤维电池托盘100的强度。
设置热管理部50时，通过将位于顶部的托盘顶部30和位于底部的托盘底部10设置成碳纤维层，同时补强部20和热管理部50能够对碳纤维的结构强度进行增强补充。
其中，托盘底部10主要起结构支撑作用，托盘顶部30也可以具有绝缘密封作用。此外，补强部20还具有隔热绝热，阻隔内外热量之间的传递，尤其是在外界温度高于内部电池的温度时，电池托盘能够起到很好的隔热效果，以避免电池温度过高。
在图6至图11所示的具体实施例中，主要示出了托盘顶部30、托盘底部10和补强部20的结构，热管理部50未在图中示出。
如图6和图7所示，根据本发明一个实施例的电池托盘100，补强部20的密度可以是0.01g/cm 3-3g/cm 3。由此，补强部20采用上述轻质材料，在对电池托盘100的强度进行增强补充的同时，不会过多地增大电池托盘100的重量。
在一些实施例中，补强部20为发泡件、蜂窝件、黏胶件中的任一种或者任意几种的组合。其中，发泡件是指内部具有不规则泡体的结构，蜂窝件是指内部具有规则和均匀的蜂窝孔的类蜂窝结构，发泡件与蜂窝件存在大量共性，蜂窝件的蜂窝孔的形状和尺寸较发泡件的泡体更规则有序，因此蜂窝件的缓冲冲击、吸收撞击能量的效果更好。
作为优选实施方式，补强部20为片状发泡件、片状蜂窝件或片状黏胶件，托盘底部10和托盘顶部30之间还设有加强结构(图中未示出)，具体地，加强结构可以夹在托盘底部10和托盘顶部30之间并穿过补强部20，加强结构的一端与托盘底部10连接且加强结构的另一端与托盘顶部30连接。由此，加强结构进一步增强了托盘底部10、托盘顶部30以及补强部20三者连接的紧密性和牢固性。
其中，加强结构可以为加强柱或加强筋，加强结构可以与托盘底部10和托盘顶部30中的任意一个一体成型且与另一个粘接，补强部20的上表面可以与托盘顶部30的下表面粘接且补强部20的下表面可以与托盘底部10的上表面粘接。
根据本发明的一些实施例，如图8和图9所示，托盘顶部30包括第一底壁31以及与第一底壁31连接的突出第一底壁31的第一侧壁32，托盘底部10包括第二底壁11以及与第二底壁11连接的突出第二底壁11的第二侧壁12，第一底壁31与第二底壁11之间夹持补强部20；第一侧壁32与第二侧壁12间夹持有加强件(图中未示出)，第一侧壁32和第二侧壁12之间可以仅夹持加强件，也可以同时夹持补强部20。进一步地，加强件采用铝材、铝合金、镁材、镁合金中的任一种。
这样，加强件为具有较好强度的金属结构，进而能够为托盘底部10提供足够的依附力，而且能够对电池起到更好的限位作用，防止车辆振动所造成的电池晃动损坏电池托盘100；补强部20为发炮件、蜂窝件、黏胶件中的任一种，以保证补强部20的重量不太大，从而提高了电池包总成整体的安全性和可靠性。
如图8所示，发泡件可以采用硅胶发泡材料、聚氨酯发泡材料、PPO发泡材料、PP发泡材料、PVC发泡材料、轻质金属发泡材料中的任一种或任意多种的组合。也就是说，当补强部20为发泡件时，发泡件可以采用硅胶发泡材料、聚氨酯发泡材料、PPO发泡材料、PP发泡材料、PVC发泡材料、轻质金属发泡材料中的至少一种制成。轻质金属发泡材料可以是发泡铝或发泡镁中的任一种。
可以理解，轻质合金发泡材料兼具发泡材料和轻质合金材料这两种材料的优点，不仅重量轻，而且强度好。
根据本发明的又一些实施例，蜂窝件具有多个蜂窝孔21，多个蜂窝孔21均匀分布在蜂窝件上，蜂窝孔21的横截面为圆形、多边形中的任一种。具体而言，蜂窝材料可以有多个多边形结构或圆形结构堆列而成，多个蜂窝孔为柱形孔且多个蜂窝孔21彼此间隔并独立。如图14所示，当蜂窝孔21的横截面为六边形时，蜂窝件的形状与蜂巢相似。
进一步地，蜂窝件可以采用芳纶型蜂窝材料、酚醛型蜂窝材料、合金蜂窝材料、陶瓷蜂窝材料中的任一种或任意多种的组合。也就是说，蜂窝件可以是纶型蜂窝材料、酚醛型蜂窝材料、合金蜂窝材料、陶瓷蜂窝材料中的任一种，也可以是上述几种材料中的任意两种或多种构成的复合材料。
在一些实施例中，如图15所示，补强部20为轻质合金板材或者轻质合金骨架20a。由此，能够进一步降低补强部20的厚度和重量。尤其是采用轻质合金骨架20a能够在保证补强部20的强度的同时降低补强部20的重量，有利于实现电池托盘100整体的轻量化。
在图15所示的具体实施例中，轻质合金骨架20a包括环形的外骨架22以及连接在外骨架22内的内骨架23。可选地，外骨架22大体为方形，内骨架23包括彼此相交的横向骨架和纵向骨架，横向骨架的两端分别延伸至外骨架的两个短边，纵向骨架的两端分别延伸至外骨架的两个长边。
由此，轻质合金骨架20a采用上述形状，不仅方便加工成型，而且是电池托盘100的各部分强度均匀，避免出现应力集中。
此外，轻质合金骨架20a的形状并不限于附图所示的形状，外骨架22的轮廓形状可以与电池托盘100的轮廓形状相一致，相应地，轻质合金骨架20a的外骨架22的长度也受其分布处的电池托盘100的形状限制。
在图6和图10所示的具体实施例中，托盘顶部30包括第一底壁31以及与第一底壁31连接的突出第一底壁31的第一侧壁32，托盘底部10包括第二底壁11以及与第二底壁11连接的突出第二底壁11的第二侧壁12，第一侧壁32的顶端与第二侧壁12的顶端连接且使托盘顶部30和托盘底部10之间限定出用于设置补强部20的容纳腔。
这样，第二侧壁12和第一侧壁32能够为电池在电池托盘100内的放置提供限位，有效防止电池在电池托盘100内晃动。由于电池托盘100的底壁作为主要承重部位，优选将补强部20设置在与第一底壁31和第二底壁11相对，这样电池托盘100的结构更紧凑、更方便加工生产。
根据本发明的一些实施例，第一侧壁12或第二侧壁32具有安装凸耳c，安装凸耳c内嵌设刚性安装部40。当然，本发明并不限于此，托盘顶部30、托盘底部10以及补强部20中的至少一个上均可以设置刚性安装部。
在图13所示的具体实施例中，第一侧壁12和第二侧壁32均具有安装凸耳c，第一侧壁32的安装凸耳c与第二侧壁12的安装凸耳c在上下方向相对设置且相对设置的两个安装凸耳c内嵌设同一刚性安装部40。
由此，刚性安装部40能够对安装凸耳c进行补强，增强安装凸耳c的抗变形 能力，这样当将电池托盘100安装到车身上时，刚性安装部40能够增强电池托盘100与车身连接的紧密性和稳定性。
根据本发明的一些实施例，刚性安装部40为金属安装柱，刚性安装部40具有沿轴向延伸的安装通孔42。换言之，刚性安装部40可以是刚性较好、不易变形的金属套。也就是说，安装凸耳c可以具有沿上下方向贯通的安装孔，刚性安装部40嵌设在安装孔中，刚性安装部40的外壁可以与安装凸耳c的安装孔的内壁可过盈配合。
为进一步增强刚性安装部40在安装凸耳c内固定的稳定性，刚性安装部40的至少一端具有适于与安装凸耳c的端面相止抵的限位凸缘41。换言之，限位凸缘41可以伸出安装凸耳c并止抵在安装凸耳c的上端面或下端面上。
此外，上述补强部20可以是一层结构，也可以是多层结构。当上述补强部20为一层结构时，补强部20可以是发泡件、蜂窝件以及黏胶件中的任一种或者是发泡件、蜂窝件以及黏胶件中的至少两种的组合。当补强部20为多层结构时，每一层部可以是发泡件、蜂窝件以及黏胶件中的任一种或者是发泡件、蜂窝件以及黏胶件中的至少两种的组合，其中相邻两层的结构可以相同也可以不同。
当在电池托盘内设置热管或液冷管等热管理结构时，托盘顶部和托盘底部的形状可以适应改变，例如托盘顶部可以设置使热管能够暴露出来的孔或者托盘顶部具有多个凸起以增强托盘顶部的强度。
根据本发明第二方面实施例的电池包总成包括：电池以及上述实施例的电池托盘100。由此，电池包总成兼具重量轻和强度高的优点。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的结构或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示 例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种电池托盘，其特征在于，包括：
    托盘本体；
    分隔件，所述分隔件置于所述托盘本体上方与所述托盘本体连接以与托盘本体限定出多个用于放置电池的容纳空间；以及
    热管理部，所述热管理部至少部分嵌设于所述分隔件内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述热管理部包括热管和冷管中的至少一个，所述冷管和所述热管中至少一个的至少部分嵌设于所述分隔件内。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述热管理部包括：
    冷管，所述冷管嵌设于所述分隔件内；和
    热管，所述热管的一部分与所述冷管位于所述分隔件内以进行换热。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述热管的另一部分嵌设于所述托盘本体内或位于所述托盘本体的上表面。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述分隔件内具有容纳槽，所述容纳槽的侧壁具有槽口，所述冷管和所述热管的一部分位于所述容纳槽内且所述热管的另一部分从所述容纳槽的槽口伸出。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述分隔件为格栅，所述格栅包括互相垂直连接的横隔板和纵隔板，所述横隔板和所述纵隔板均垂直连接在所述托盘本体上，所述容纳槽形成在所述横隔板和所述纵隔板中的至少一个上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述热管沿纵向延伸且所述冷管沿横向延伸，所述热管的个数为多个且多个所述热管沿横向分布，多个所述热管对称分布并连接在所述冷管的两侧，所述容纳槽形成在所述纵隔板上。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述热管理部包括热管，所述分隔件内具有容纳槽，所述热管至少部分位于所述容纳槽内，所述容纳槽内限定出与外界连通的流通腔。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述热管的一部分位于所述容纳槽内且所述热管的另一部分嵌设于所述托盘本体内或位于所述托盘本体的上表面。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述分隔件为格栅，所述格栅包括互相垂直连接的横隔板和纵隔板，所述横隔板和所述纵隔板均垂直连接在所述托盘本体上，所述容纳槽形成在所述横隔板和所述纵隔板中的至少一个上。
  11. 根据权利要求6或10所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述热管包括：
    竖直管段，所述竖直管段与所述冷管的侧壁平行，所述竖直管段伸入所述容纳槽内并与所述冷管换热；以及
    水平管段，所述水平管段与所述竖直管段的底端连接，且所述水平管段所在的平面垂直于所述横隔板和所述纵隔板。
  12. 根据权利要求3-11中任一项所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述冷管和所述热管均为扁管。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述托盘本体包括：
    托盘底部，所述托盘底部为碳纤维层和/或玻璃纤维层；
    补强部；以及
    托盘顶部，所述托盘顶部适于叠置在所述托盘底部上方且所述补强部夹在所述托盘底部和所述托盘顶部之间，所述托盘顶部为碳纤维层和/或玻璃纤维层。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述补强部的密度为0.01g/cm 3-3g/cm 3。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述补强部为发泡件、蜂窝件、黏胶件中的任一种或者任意几种的组合。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述补强部为片状发泡件、片状蜂窝件或片状黏胶件，所述托盘底部和所述托盘顶部之间还设有加强结构。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述加强结构夹在所述托盘底部和所述绝托盘顶部之间并穿过所述补强部，所述加强结构的一端与所述托盘底部连接且所述加强结构的另一端与所述托盘顶部连接。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述托盘顶部包括第一底壁以及与第一底壁连接的突出所述第一底壁的第一侧壁；所述托盘底部包括第二底壁以及与第二底壁连接的突出所述第二底壁的第二侧壁，所述第一底壁与所述第二底壁之间夹持所述补强部，所述第一侧壁与第二侧壁间夹持有加强件。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的碳纤维电池托盘，其特征在于，所述加强件采用 铝材、铝合金、镁材、镁合金中的任一种。
  20. 根据权利要求15或16所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述发泡件采用硅胶发泡材料、聚氨酯发泡材料、PPO发泡材料、PP发泡材料、PVC发泡材料、轻质金属发泡材料中的任一种或任意多种的组合。
  21. 根据权利要求15所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述蜂窝件采用芳纶型蜂窝材料、酚醛型蜂窝材料、合金蜂窝材料、陶瓷蜂窝材料中的任一种或任意多种的组合。
  22. 根据权利要求13所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述补强部为轻质合金板材或者轻质合金骨架。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述轻质合金骨架包括环形的外边框以及连接在所述外边框内的内框架。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述外边框大体为矩形，所述内框架包括彼此相交的横梁和纵梁，所述横梁的两端分别延伸至所述外边框的两个短边，所述纵梁的两端分别延伸至所述外边框的两个长边。
  25. 根据权利要求13所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述托盘顶部包括第一底壁以及与第一底壁连接的突出所述第一底壁的第一侧壁；所述托盘底部包括第二底壁以及与第二底壁连接的突出所述第二底壁的第二侧壁，所述第一侧壁的顶端与所述第二侧壁的顶端连接且使所述托盘顶部和所述托盘底部之间限定出用于设置所述补强部的容纳腔。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述第一侧壁和/或所述第二侧壁具有安装凸耳，所述安装凸耳内嵌设刚性安装部。
  27. 根据权利要求25所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述刚性安装部为金属安装柱，所述刚性安装部具有沿轴向延伸的安装通孔。
  28. 根据权利要求25所述的电池托盘，其特征在于，所述刚性安装部的至少一端具有适于与所述安装凸耳的端面相止抵的限位凸缘。
  29. 一种电池包总成，其特征在于，包括：电池以及如权利要求1-28所述的电池托盘。
  30. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括如权利要求28所述的电池包总成。
PCT/CN2018/092373 2017-06-30 2018-06-22 电池托盘、电池包总成以及具有它的车辆 WO2019001357A1 (zh)

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