WO2019001303A1 - 一种锂离子电池模组和大容量锂离子电池 - Google Patents
一种锂离子电池模组和大容量锂离子电池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019001303A1 WO2019001303A1 PCT/CN2018/091768 CN2018091768W WO2019001303A1 WO 2019001303 A1 WO2019001303 A1 WO 2019001303A1 CN 2018091768 W CN2018091768 W CN 2018091768W WO 2019001303 A1 WO2019001303 A1 WO 2019001303A1
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- Prior art keywords
- battery
- bracket
- conductive
- lithium ion
- ion battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
- H01M10/643—Cylindrical cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
- H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
- H01M50/222—Inorganic material
- H01M50/224—Metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
- H01M50/291—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by their shape
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
- H01M50/293—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by the material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present application relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a lithium ion battery module and a lithium ion large capacity battery composed of a plurality of such battery modules.
- Lithium-ion rechargeable batteries are the batteries with the highest energy consumption and the longest service life.
- the technology is mature and the production volume is huge. It has entered various fields of people's lives.
- the existing cylindrical lithium ion battery module generally comprises a battery fixture with a full insulating material and a plurality of battery insertion holes, a plurality of battery serial pieces embedded in each battery insertion hole, and embedded in each battery insertion hole. And a plurality of battery cells which are connected in series with each battery in series and are respectively connected in the respective battery insertion holes and connected to the corresponding battery series sheets (direct contact connection or soldering).
- the battery cells are connected in parallel with each other by means of the aforementioned parallel interconnection, and the series connection piece is connected in series with the battery cell inserted into the other side of the battery fixture, so that a plurality of battery modules are assembled together to form a large-capacity lithium ion. battery.
- the method of battery assembly in most enterprises still uses the thin metal connecting piece and the positive and negative electrodes of the battery to be connected in series and in parallel.
- the connecting piece is thin, narrow and long, has poor electrical conductivity, high connection resistance, and high energy consumption.
- the energy consumption is turned into heat, which promotes the rise of the battery temperature. An increase in temperature will shorten the life of the battery. Not to mention the potential hazards associated with negative soldering.
- Zhang Hengyun et al. proposed in Chinese patent application CN201610144883.2 to add a heat conducting sleeve and a heat pipe to the battery, and discharge the heat with a tempering gas or liquid.
- the maximum temperature difference of the battery in different positions is reduced to only 1.5 ° C when charging at a high current.
- Gu Huanlong et al. proposed in Chinese patent application CN2009102097104 to inject thermal adhesive into the battery pack, which also has a good effect.
- the connecting piece is used to solder the positive and negative electrodes to make a combined connection, and the connection resistance is high.
- the welding heat is transmitted to the inside of the battery, and the core member such as the diaphragm plate is close to the welded portion, and they are all afraid of heat. If they are burnt, it is possible to develop an internal short circuit during use.
- the internal short circuit has the risk of being turned into thermal runaway, and thermal runaway is an important cause of fire and explosion.
- the components welded by the connecting piece are loose, and it is difficult to move during operation, and the large part is more difficult to process, and is not suitable for mechanized work.
- the negative electrode is removed by a spring piece (separated piece with claws), but it is troublesome to expand outward with the dovetail and the dovetail groove, and the heat dissipation is not so good.
- the heat-dissipating heat pipe and the heat-conducting rubber have good heat dissipation effect, but these additional parts have no other use except temperature adjustment, which increases cost and complexity.
- the porous parallel frame has good electrical conductivity and good heat dissipation, but dozens of holes are simultaneously punched and stretched, which is difficult to process.
- the elastic claws are short, so the elastic force is difficult to control, and the inserted battery is also easily skewed.
- the purpose of the present application is: for the above technical problem, the present application proposes a lithium ion battery module that is compact, stable, easy to assemble, and has good heat dissipation, and also proposes a lithium ion battery module assembled from the same. Large capacity lithium ion battery.
- a lithium ion battery module comprising:
- the battery fixture includes an insulating bracket on the lower layer and a conductive bracket on the upper layer, the insulating bracket is closely arranged and fixedly connected to the conductive bracket, and the insulating bracket is formed with a plurality of insulating bracket holes, the conductive The bracket is formed with a plurality of conductive bracket holes, and the insulating bracket holes and the conductive bracket holes jointly form the battery insertion hole, and the battery serial piece is elastically contacted with the hole wall of the conductive bracket hole.
- the application further includes the following preferred solutions:
- the upper end of the axis of the insulating bracket hole is formed with a ring-shaped annular flange protruding radially inward.
- the conductive support is made of a metal material, and more preferably made of aluminum.
- the conductive support comprises a plurality of metal tubes arranged in a matrix and parallel to each other, and the metal tubes are fixed by welding or sintered together.
- the conductive bracket includes a side panel that is fixed around a periphery of the metal tube.
- the conductive bracket is an aluminum plate with a plurality of through holes.
- the outer contours of the conductive bracket and the insulating bracket are rectangular, and the outer edges of the two are arranged flush, and the thickness of the conductive bracket in the axial direction of the battery insertion hole is not less than 5 mm.
- the conductive bracket and the insulating bracket are fixedly connected by a fixing pin, and the conductive bracket and the insulating bracket are provided with a plurality of pin holes, and the fixing pins are fixedly embedded in the pin holes of the conductive bracket and the insulating bracket. Thereby, a fixed connection between the conductive bracket and the insulating bracket is achieved.
- a PTC element is connected between the battery tandem sheet and the battery cell.
- a large-capacity lithium ion battery comprising at least two lithium ion battery modules of the above structure.
- This application changes the structure of the battery fixture in the conventional battery module, and sets it into a two-layer structure of an insulating bracket and a conductive bracket which are vertically distributed, and the battery serial piece is inserted into the battery insertion hole and naturally contacts and contacts with the conductive bracket.
- the area is large, so that the parallel connection of each battery in the module is realized by the conductive bracket, and the conductive bracket is different from the traditional interconnection, and has a large thickness, and has a large contact area with the battery and the battery series, and can be quickly absorbed and Pass the heat of the battery.
- the metal conductive bracket can also quickly transfer the heat of the external heating device to the battery.
- the battery module multiple batteries in the same layer are connected in parallel, which has a high capacity.
- the two battery modules are plugged up and down to realize the series connection of the upper and lower batteries, which can be infinitely increased, the voltage is increased, and the assembly and use are very convenient.
- the battery module of the present application is compact and stable, has good strength and is easy to move.
- a large-capacity battery (large module) in which a plurality of such battery modules are combined in series and in parallel is also excellent in rigidity. Because of the high-strength metal conductive bracket on the outside of the battery, it is resistant to shock and vibration.
- the conductive bracket and each battery cell connection not only have good electrical conductivity, but also have good heat conduction.
- the heat of the intermediate battery can be quickly transferred to the extreme end through the conductive bracket, and the conductive bracket can be connected with other heat dissipating mechanisms to improve the heat dissipation capability.
- the conductive bracket and the insulating bracket constituting the battery fixture are processed according to the current mature processing technology and can be directly mass-produced and the processing cost is low.
- FIG. 1 is a general assembly diagram of a battery module in the first embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a battery module in the first embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of an insulating bracket in the first embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a large-capacity lithium ion battery according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;
- FIG. 5 is a general assembly diagram of a battery module in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
- FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a battery module in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a battery serial piece and a PTC element in the second embodiment of the present application.
- 1-battery series 2-battery, 3-insulated bracket, 301-insulated bracket hole, 301a-annular flange, 4-conductive bracket, 401-conductive bracket hole, 5-fixed pin, 6-PTC element.
- Embodiment 1 Lithium-ion battery module and large-capacity lithium ion battery
- the battery module is a cylindrical lithium ion battery module, which is the same as the conventional battery module and also includes a battery fixture ( The battery is also called a battery connection bracket.
- the battery fixture has a plurality of battery insertion holes arranged in a matrix, and each battery insertion hole is embedded with a battery serial piece 1 and each battery insertion hole is A cylindrical lithium ion battery cell 2 is inserted. Specifically, in this embodiment, the negative end of the battery cell 2 is inserted into the battery insertion hole of the battery holder, and is connected to the battery serial piece 1 in the battery insertion hole.
- a key improvement of the embodiment is that the battery fixture adopts a completely new structural form, which is composed of an insulating bracket 3 located at the lower layer and a conductive bracket 4 located at the upper layer, and the insulating bracket 3 and the conductive bracket 4 are arranged and fixed next to each other. connection.
- the insulating bracket 3 is formed with a plurality of insulating bracket holes 301 distributed in a matrix
- the conductive bracket 4 is formed with a plurality of conductive bracket holes 401 distributed in a matrix.
- the insulating bracket hole 301 and the conductive bracket hole 401 together form the above-mentioned battery insertion hole, and the battery series piece 1 is elastically contacted with the hole wall of the conductive holder hole 401, so that the current passing through the battery series piece 1 can flow to the conductive holder 4.
- the battery tandem sheet 1 is in contact with the wall of the conductive bracket hole 401 of the conductive bracket 4, and the battery tandem chip 1 is connected to the corresponding battery cell 2, so that the respective battery cells connected in the same conductive bracket 4 are electrically conductive.
- the brackets 4 are connected in parallel, thereby eliminating the traditional parallel networking structure.
- the conductive bracket 4 is made of a metal material and has a certain thickness, it has good heat conduction and heat dissipation capability, and can quickly absorb and transfer heat of each battery cell 2, thereby greatly improving heat dissipation of the battery module. performance.
- the outer contours of the conductive bracket 4 and the insulating bracket 3 are both approximately rectangular, and the outer edges of the two are arranged flush, so that a plurality of battery modules of such a structure are combined in series and parallel to form a large-capacity battery.
- the adjacent two battery modules are supported by the conductive brackets 4 to ensure the structural stability of the large-capacity battery.
- the conductive bracket 4 can be connected to an external heat dissipating mechanism (such as the inner wall of the battery box) to transfer the absorbed heat outward.
- the battery cell 2 it is preferable to connect the battery cell 2 to the hole wall of the conductive bracket hole 401, and it is preferable to ensure that the thickness dimension of the conductive bracket 4 in the axial direction of the battery insertion hole is not Less than 5mm.
- the insulating bracket 3 is made of a plastic material and is integrally molded.
- the conductive bracket 4 is made of a metal material having good heat conductivity, and the example is specifically made of aluminum.
- the conductive support 4 includes a plurality of metal tubes (aluminum tubes) arranged in a matrix and parallel to each other. The metal tubes are fixedly fixed (or sintered) together, and a ring is fixed on the periphery of the metal tubes.
- the side panel, the side panel of the ring forms a rectangular outer contour of the conductive bracket 4.
- the battery tandem chip 1 and the battery cell 2 are not directly connected together, but a PTC element 6 is disposed between the two, and current must pass through the PTC component 6 to be used by the battery cell 2 Flow to the battery tandem chip 1 to protect the battery from overcurrent.
- the PTC element 6 connected thereto disconnects the battery cell 2 in time to avoid a safety accident.
- the PTC element 6 is soldered between the battery tandem sheet 1 and the battery cell 2.
- a ring-shaped radially inwardly convex ring is formed at the hole wall of the insulating bracket 301 on the insulating bracket 3.
- the flange 301a is for limiting the battery cell and the battery series piece, and prevents the battery series piece 1 from being axially pressed by the battery cell 2 to be separated from the battery insertion hole.
- the battery tandem sheet 1 and the battery cells 2 are respectively located on both axial sides of the annular flange 301a, and the battery tandem sheet 1 and the battery cells 2 are welded by the PTC element 6 therebetween. Fixed connection.
- a plurality of battery modules as shown in FIG. 1 may be configured, and the lower end (negative end) of each battery cell 2 on one of the battery modules is inserted into the upper portion of the battery fixture on the other battery module, and On the other battery module, the batteries in the battery fixture are connected in series, thus achieving the series connection of the two battery modules.
- a plurality of battery modules shown in FIG. 1 are combined in series and in parallel to form a large-capacity lithium ion battery.
- FIG. 4 shows a structure of a large-capacity lithium ion battery (or a large-capacity lithium-ion battery pack), which includes three battery modules as shown in FIG. 1, and the three battery modules are plugged up and down. Connected in series with each other and a parallel body at both ends to form a large-capacity battery.
- Embodiment 2 Lithium ion battery module
- FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 show another preferred embodiment of the battery module of the present application, and the structure thereof is basically the same as that of the battery module of the first embodiment.
- the main differences are as follows:
- the conductive bracket 4 is different from the structure of the conductive bracket in the first embodiment.
- the conductive bracket 4 is provided with a plurality of through holes (the through holes constitute the conductive bracket holes).
- the aluminum plate is not formed by a plurality of metal pipes arranged together by welding or sintering, and the conductive support 4 can be cast by aluminum.
- the conductive bracket 4 of the structure of the embodiment has stronger integrity and higher structural strength. The disadvantage is that the material is more and the weight is large.
- the conductive bracket 4 and the insulating bracket 3 are fixedly connected by the fixing pin 5.
- the conductive bracket 4 and the insulating bracket 3 are provided with a plurality of pin holes (not shown) having a small aperture, and the fixing pins 5 are fixedly embedded in the pin holes of the conductive bracket 4 and the insulating bracket 3, thereby achieving electrical conduction.
- the bracket 4 is fixedly connected to the insulating bracket 3.
- the fixing pin 5 is usually made of a plastic material or a rubber material having a certain deformability.
- the structural form of the battery tandem sheet 1 in this embodiment is different from that of the battery tandem sheet in the first embodiment.
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- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 一种锂离子电池模组,包括:其上设置有若干电池插装孔的电池夹具,分别嵌设于各个所述电池插装孔中的若干电池串联片(1),以及分别插设在所述各个所述电池插装孔中、且与所述电池串联片相连的若干电池单体(2);其特征在于,所述电池夹具包括位于下层的一绝缘支架(3)和位于上层的一导电支架(4),所述绝缘支架(3)与所述导电支架(4)紧挨布置且固定连接,所述绝缘支架(3)上制有若干绝缘支架孔(301),所述导电支架(4)上制有若干导电支架孔(401),所述绝缘支架孔(301)和导电支架孔(401)共同形成所述电池插装孔,所述电池串联片(1)与所述导电支架孔(401)的孔壁弹性接触连接。
- 如权利要求1所述的锂离子电池模组,其特征在于,所述绝缘支架孔(301)的轴线上端成型有一圈径向向内凸出的环形凸缘(301a)。
- 如权利要求1所述的锂离子电池模组,其特征在于,所述导电支架(4)为金属材质。
- 如权利要求3所述的锂离子电池模组,其特征在于,所述导电支架(4)为铝制。
- 如权利要求1所述的锂离子电池模组,其特征在于,所述导电支架(4)包括若干个呈矩阵分布且相互平行的金属管,这些金属管焊接固定或烧结固定在一起。
- 如权利要求1所述的锂离子电池模组,其特征在于,所述导电支架(4)为其上开设有若干通孔的铝板。
- 如权利要求1所述的锂离子电池模组,其特征在于,所述导电支架(4)和绝缘支架(3)的外轮廓呈矩形,且二者的外缘边平齐布置,所述导电支架(4)在所述电池插装孔轴线方向的厚度尺寸不小于5mm。
- 如权利要求1所述的锂离子电池模组,其特征在于,所述导电支架(4)与绝缘支架(3)是通过固定销(5)固定连接在一起的,所述导电支架(4)和绝缘支架(3)上开设有若干销孔,所述固定销(5)固定塞嵌于所述导电支架(4)和绝缘支架(3)的销孔中,从而实现导电支架(4)与绝缘支架(3)的固定连接。
- 如权利要求1所述的锂离子电池模组,其特征在于,所述电池串联片(1)与所述电池单体(2)之间连接有PTC元件(6)。
- 一种大容量锂离子电池,其特征在于,包括至少两个如权利要求1至9中任一所述的锂离子电池模组。
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