WO2019001274A1 - 硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统 - Google Patents

硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019001274A1
WO2019001274A1 PCT/CN2018/090973 CN2018090973W WO2019001274A1 WO 2019001274 A1 WO2019001274 A1 WO 2019001274A1 CN 2018090973 W CN2018090973 W CN 2018090973W WO 2019001274 A1 WO2019001274 A1 WO 2019001274A1
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Prior art keywords
lens
mirror
prism
glued
optical imaging
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PCT/CN2018/090973
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘锦波
康建平
徐海宇
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鹰利视医疗科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2019001274A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019001274A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0055—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element
    • G02B13/006—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element at least one element being a compound optical element, e.g. cemented elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2407—Optical details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2407—Optical details
    • G02B23/2423—Optical details of the distal end
    • G02B23/243—Objectives for endoscopes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2407—Optical details
    • G02B23/2446—Optical details of the image relay
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B25/00—Eyepieces; Magnifying glasses
    • G02B25/001—Eyepieces

Definitions

  • the invention particularly relates to a rigid endoscope optical imaging display system.
  • Hard tube laparoscopy has a history of more than 100 years, and has formed many brands of different grades.
  • the existing rigid tubular laparoscope consists of an end imaging objective, a mid-section imaging system and a proximal endoscope, wherein the imaging objective plays a decisive role in the imaging performance of the laparoscope.
  • Laparoscopy requires a large field of view and a small diameter, while medical diagnosis and surgery require high-definition imaging and low distortion of the endoscope, which puts high demands on the objective imaging system and the imaging system of the endoscope.
  • the optical system of the endoscope is required to achieve high-definition imaging in a full field of view correspondingly; more sophisticated lesion diagnosis and surgery requires low distortion of the optical system.
  • the existing endoscope optical system is composed of a flat concave negative lens, a steering prism, and a subsequent cemented lens.
  • the first negative lens is used to increase the back working distance of the objective lens, and an intermediate phase surface is formed before the rod mirror.
  • the combination of negative lenses achieves distortion correction of the system, but the relative distortion value is still around 10%; to achieve high-definition imaging, the Raman invariant nuy of the speculum must be increased, that is, the diameter of the optical path is increased.
  • the traditional steering prism design limitation The size of the aperture is not conducive to the realization of high definition.
  • the existing endoscope optical system can not correct the large field of view optical distortion and at the same time ensure the optical high-definition imaging in the full field of view.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that overcoming the optical system of the prior art, the optical field distortion of the large field of view and the optical high-definition imaging in the full field of view are not well corrected, and a technical problem is provided.
  • the solution of the present invention is: a rigid tube endoscope optical imaging display system comprising an objective lens system, a relay mirror system and an eyepiece system which are sequentially glued together in the direction of light propagation, wherein The mirror system is located between the objective system and the eyepiece system; its innovations are:
  • the objective lens system is an anti-distance structure, and the objective lens system includes a first protective window, a flat concave mirror, a prism combination, a first plano-convex lens, a first double cemented lens, and a first meniscus lens which are sequentially glued along a light propagation direction. a second plano-convex lens, a second meniscus lens, and a third meniscus lens,
  • the prism combination has a refractive index of 1.8 to 2.1;
  • the relay mirror system includes n sets of relay mirror groups, each set of relay mirror groups is a double telecentric structure, and the relay mirror group includes a front mirror group, a middle mirror group and a rear mirror group, the front mirror Both the mirror group and the rear mirror group are three-glued rod mirrors, the middle mirror group is a convex lens, and an aperture stop is arranged at the center of the convex lens, and the front mirror group and the rear mirror group are symmetrically arranged along the aperture stop of the convex lens.
  • n is an odd number
  • the eyepiece system is an object-side telecentric structure, and the eyepiece system includes a fourth meniscus lens, a second double cemented lens, a fifth meniscus lens, a sixth meniscus lens, a convex lens, and a second glued along a light propagation direction.
  • Protective window is an object-side telecentric structure, and the eyepiece system includes a fourth meniscus lens, a second double cemented lens, a fifth meniscus lens, a sixth meniscus lens, a convex lens, and a second glued along a light propagation direction.
  • the third meniscus lens of the objective system is located on one side of the front mirror group of the relay mirror system, and the concave mirror is located on one side of the fourth meniscus lens of the eyepiece system.
  • the prism combination of the objective lens system includes a first prism, a second prism, and a third prism, and a gap is provided between the first prism and the second prism, and a gap width is 3 um to 5 um;
  • the second prism is glued to the third prism.
  • a first aperture stop is disposed between the plano-concave mirror and the prism combination of the objective lens system, and a distance between the plano-concave mirror and the first aperture stop is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.
  • the front mirror group and the rear mirror group of the relay mirror system are three glued rod mirrors which are glued by a rod mirror, a convex mirror and a concave mirror.
  • the first double-bonded lens and the second double-bonded lens are both formed by gluing two lenses through a high-temperature-resistant ultraviolet photosensitive adhesive, and the ultraviolet photosensitive adhesive has a high temperature resistance of 125 ° C. 135 ° C.
  • the rod mirror, the convex mirror and the concave mirror of the three-glued rod mirror are glued with ultraviolet photosensitive glue or methanol glue or optical epoxy glue, and the ultraviolet photosensitive glue or the methanol glue or the optical epoxy glue is resistant.
  • the high temperature is from 125 ° C to 135 ° C.
  • the first protection window of the objective lens system is quartz glass or sapphire.
  • the second protection window of the eyepiece system is quartz glass or sapphire.
  • the third meniscus lens is sequentially glued with ultraviolet photosensitive glue or methanol glue or optical epoxy glue.
  • the fourth meniscus lens, the second double cemented lens, the fifth meniscus lens, the sixth meniscus lens, the convex lens and the second protective window of the eyepiece system are sequentially UV-sensitive adhesive or methanol glue or Optical epoxy glue.
  • the positive effect of the present invention is that after the rigid tube endoscope optical imaging display system of the present invention is used, the objective lens system of the present invention is an anti-distance structure, and the objective lens system includes glued in the direction of light propagation. a first protection window, a flat concave mirror, a prism combination, a first plano-convex lens, a first double cemented lens, a first meniscus lens, a second plano-convex lens, a second meniscus lens, and a third meniscus lens, the prism combination
  • the refractive index is 1.8 ⁇ 2.1; there is no image plane between the objective lens system and the relay mirror system, so that high-definition and low-distortion imaging in a full field of view of 75° can be obtained;
  • the relay mirror system includes n a group of relay mirrors, each set of relay mirrors is a double telecentric structure, and the relay mirror group includes a front mirror group, a middle mirror group and a rear mirror group, and the front mirror
  • the laparoscopic system is a large field of view system.
  • the aspherical design is not used, and the optical distortion of the objective lens is less than 1.1% through the optimization of the spherical lens and the new structural form;
  • the endoscope's relay system does not use the traditional two rod mirrors as a group of structural forms, and the use of a set of three rod mirrors, to some extent shorten the length of a single rod mirror, is a glimpse The mirror is not easily damaged when it is slightly bent and deformed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rigid tube endoscope optical imaging display system of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an objective lens system of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a prism assembly structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a relay mirror system of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the eyepiece system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a MTF graph of a rigid tubular endoscope optical imaging display system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a distortion diagram of a rigid tube endoscope optical imaging display system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a graph showing the image illuminance of the optical tube imaging system of the rigid endoscope according to the present invention.
  • a rigid endoscope optical imaging display system includes an objective lens system 1 and a relay mirror system which are sequentially glued together in the direction of light propagation. 2 and an eyepiece system 3, the relay mirror system 2 being located between the objective system 1 and the eyepiece system 3;
  • the objective lens system 1 is an anti-distance structure, and the objective lens system 1 includes a first protection window 11 which is sequentially glued in the direction of light propagation, a plano-concave mirror 12, a prism assembly 13, a first plano-convex lens 14, and a first double cemented lens. 15.
  • a first meniscus lens 16 a second plano-convex lens 17, a second meniscus lens 18, and a third meniscus lens 19,
  • the glass material used in the prism assembly 13 is a high refractive index glass, and the refractive index of the glass material of the prism combination 13 ranges from 1.8 to 2.1, and the refractive index of the prism combination 13 is preferably 2.02;
  • the relay mirror system 2 includes n sets of relay mirror groups, each set of relay mirror groups is a double telecentric structure, and the relay mirror group includes a front mirror group, a middle mirror group and a rear mirror group, The front mirror group and the rear mirror group are three-glued rod mirrors, the middle mirror group is a convex lens 24, and an aperture stop is provided at the center of the convex lens 24, and the front lens group and the rear lens group are along the aperture stop of the convex lens 24. Symmetrically arranged, where n is an odd number;
  • the eyepiece system 3 is an object-side telecentric structure, and the eyepiece system 3 includes a fourth meniscus lens 31, a second double cemented lens 32, a fifth meniscus lens 33, and a sixth meniscus lens that are glued in the direction of light propagation. 34, a convex lens 35 and a second protective window 36;
  • the third meniscus lens 19 of the objective system 1 is located on one side of the front mirror group of the relay mirror system 2, and the concave mirror 23 is located on one side of the fourth meniscus lens 31 of the eyepiece system 3.
  • the prism assembly 13 of the objective lens system 1 includes a first prism, a second prism, and a third prism, the first prism and the second prism.
  • a gap is provided between the prisms, and the gap width is 3 um to 5 um; the second prism is glued to the third prism.
  • the design of the objective lens system 1 of the present invention is beneficial to the correction of the 75° large field of view aberration; the entrance pupil of the objective lens system 1 is located on the focal plane of the object to form an image telecentric optical path, which ensures uniform illumination of the image surface and The pupil of the double telecentric structure of the relay mirror system 2 is connected.
  • the relay mirror system 2 can be composed of an odd array of the above-described relay mirror sets.
  • a first aperture stop is disposed between the plano-concave mirror 12 and the prism assembly 13 of the objective lens system 1 of the present invention, and a distance between the plano-concave mirror 12 and the first aperture stop is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm. It ensures that the two beams can be reasonably separated when there is interference between the two beams, which overcomes the limitation of the prism to the aperture.
  • the front mirror group and the rear mirror group of the relay mirror system are three glued rod mirrors which are glued by the rod mirror 21, the convex mirror 22 and the concave mirror 23.
  • the convex mirror is used to bear the power
  • the flat concave mirror is used to correct the axial aberration.
  • the eyepiece system 3 of the present invention is designed as an object-side telecentric structure to ensure the connection with the pupil of the front-end relay mirror system 2, and to view the required field of view and rear end according to the direct eyepiece system.
  • the camera system determines the focal length of the eyepiece system for the field of view.
  • the first double-bonded lens 15 and the second double-bonded lens 32 of the present invention are all formed by gluing two lenses through a high-temperature-resistant ultraviolet photosensitive adhesive, and the ultraviolet photosensitive adhesive has a high temperature resistance temperature of 125 ° C to 135 ° C. .
  • the benefits of this design are: not only to balance the chromatic aberration, but also to ensure that the optical system can not undergo structural changes during high temperature steam sterilization.
  • the rod mirror 21, the convex mirror 22 and the concave mirror 23 of the three-glued rod mirror of the invention are glued with ultraviolet photosensitive glue or methanol glue or optical epoxy glue, and the ultraviolet photosensitive glue or the methanol glue or the optical epoxy glue has high temperature resistance.
  • the temperature is from 125 ° C to 135 ° C.
  • the first protective window 11 of the objective lens system 1 of the present invention is quartz glass or sapphire.
  • the benefits of this design are: sapphire hardness of 9 and quartz hardness of 7.5, which effectively protects.
  • the second protective window 36 of the eyepiece system 3 of the present invention is quartz glass or sapphire.
  • the benefits of this design are: sapphire hardness of 9 and quartz hardness of 7.5, which effectively protects.
  • the second meniscus lens 18 and the third meniscus lens 19 are sequentially glued with ultraviolet light sensitive glue or methanol glue or optical epoxy glue.
  • the advantage of this design is that the plano-concave mirror rapidly reduces the angle of incidence of the beam of the large field of view, reducing the high-level aberrations, and the subsequent lenses balance the residual aberrations.
  • the fourth meniscus lens 31, the second double cemented lens 32, the fifth meniscus lens 33, the sixth meniscus lens 34, the convex lens 35 and the second protective window 36 of the eyepiece system 3 of the present invention are sequentially made of ultraviolet photosensitive glue or MMA glue or optical epoxy glue.
  • the advantage of this design is that the eyepiece magnifies the small size of the intermediate image surface, and the pupil is matched with the human eye or the subsequent bayonet. The eyepiece balances the residual aberration after the combination of the objective lens and the rod mirror.
  • the present invention discloses a rigid tube having an outer diameter of 6 mm and a 75° field of view.
  • the objective lens system and the relay system have no intermediate image plane, which perfectly corrects the distortion of the system and provides high definition imaging in the full field of view.
  • the rod mirror image system is composed of an odd number of rod mirrors, which corrects the axial aberration well; two symmetrically arranged rod mirrors form a set of double telecentric structure relay mirrors.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统，包括沿光线传播方向且依次胶合为一体的物镜系统（1）、中继镜系统（2）和目镜系统（3），中继镜系统（2）位于物镜系统（1）和目镜系统（3）之间；物镜系统（1）为反远距结构，且物镜系统（1）包括沿光线传播方向依次相胶合的第一保护窗（11）、平凹镜（12）、棱镜组合（13）、第一平凸透镜（14）、第一双胶合透镜（15）、第一弯月透镜（16）、第二平凸透镜（17）、第二弯月透镜（18）和第三弯月透镜（19），系统具有高清晰分辨率和畸变小于1.1% 的光学成像性能。

Description

硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统 技术领域
本发明具体涉及一种硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统。
 背景技术
硬管式腹腔镜已有百余年的发展历史，至今已形成不同档次的诸多品牌产品。现有的硬管式腹腔镜由末端的成像物镜、中段的转像系统和近端的目镜组成，其中成像物镜对腹腔镜的成像性能起着决定性的作用。腹腔镜要求大视场和细径化，而医疗诊断和手术又要求内窥镜的成像高清晰和低畸变，这就给内窥镜的物镜成像系统和转像系统提出高要求。例如针对现行的1920*1080的高清显示电子器件，要求内窥镜的光学系统能相应地达到在全视场范围内的高清晰成像；更精密的病灶诊断和手术则要求光学系统的畸变低。
现有的内窥镜光学系统有的是由平凹负透镜、转向棱镜、后续胶合透镜组成，它是利用第一负透镜增大物镜的后工作距离，在棒镜之前形成一个中间相面，利用正负透镜的组合搭配实现系统的畸变矫正，但相对畸变值依然在10%附近；要实现高清成像就必须提高窥镜的拉赫不变量nuy，即提高光学通路的直径，然而传统转向棱镜设计限制了孔径的大小，不利于高清的实现。
综上现有的内窥镜光学系统，都不能很好地矫正大视场光学畸变和同时保证全视场内的光学高清成像。鉴于此，急需研发一种大视场硬管内窥镜光学系统，它具有低畸变和全视场内高清成像的特点。
 技术问题
本发明要解决的技术问题是：克服现有技术中的内窥镜光学系统，都不能很好地矫正大视场光学畸变和同时保证全视场内的光学高清成像的技术问题，提供一种全视场内高清成像和畸变小于1.1% 的光学成像性能的硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统。
 
 技术解决方案
为了达到上述目的，本发明的解决方案是：一种硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统，包括沿光线传播方向且依次胶合为一体的物镜系统、中继镜系统和目镜系统，所述中继镜系统位于物镜系统和目镜系统之间；其创新点在于：
   所述物镜系统为反远距结构，且物镜系统包括沿光线传播方向依次相胶合的第一保护窗、平凹镜、棱镜组合、第一平凸透镜、第一双胶合透镜、第一弯月透镜、第二平凸透镜、第二弯月透镜和第三弯月透镜，
所述棱镜组合的折射率为1.8~2.1；
所述中继镜系统包括n组的中继镜组，每组中继镜组均为双远心结构，所述中继镜组包括前镜组、中镜组和后镜组，所述前镜组和后镜组均为三胶合棒状镜，中镜组为凸透镜，且凸透镜的中心处设有孔径光阑，所述前镜组和后镜组沿着凸透镜的孔径光阑呈对称布置，其中，n为奇数；
所述目镜系统为物方远心结构，且目镜系统包括沿光线传播方向相胶合的第四弯月透镜、第二双胶合透镜、第五弯月透镜、第六弯月透镜、凸透镜和第二保护窗；
所述物镜系统的第三弯月透镜位于中继镜系统的前镜组的一侧，凹镜位于目镜系统的第四弯月透镜的一侧。
在上述技术方案中，所述物镜系统的棱镜组合包括第一棱镜、第二棱镜和第三棱镜，所述第一棱镜与第二棱镜之间设有间隙，且间隙宽度为3um~5um；所述第二棱镜与第三棱镜相胶合。
在上述技术方案中，所述物镜系统的平凹镜与棱镜组合之间设有第一孔径光阑，且平凹镜与第一孔径光阑之间的间距为1.5mm~2.5mm。
在上述技术方案中，所述中继镜系统的前镜组和后镜组均是由棒状镜、凸镜和凹镜胶合而成的三胶合棒状镜。
在上述技术方案中，所述第一双胶合透镜和第二双胶合透镜均是由两个透镜通过耐高温的紫外光敏胶胶合而成，所述紫外光敏胶的耐高温的温度为125℃~135℃。
在上述技术方案中，所述三胶合棒状镜的棒状镜、凸镜和凹镜用紫外光敏胶或者甲醇胶或者光学环氧胶胶合，所述紫外光敏胶或者甲醇胶或者光学环氧胶的耐高温的温度为125℃~135℃。
在上述技术方案中，所述物镜系统的第一保护窗为石英玻璃或者是蓝宝石。
在上述技术方案中，所述目镜系统的第二保护窗为石英玻璃或者是蓝宝石。
在上述技术方案中，所述物镜系统的第一保护窗、平凹镜、棱镜组合、第一平凸透镜、第一双胶合透镜、第一弯月透镜、第二平凸透镜、第二弯月透镜和第三弯月透镜依次用紫外光敏胶或者甲醇胶或者光学环氧胶胶合。
在上述技术方案中，所述目镜系统的第四弯月透镜、第二双胶合透镜、第五弯月透镜、第六弯月透镜、凸透镜和第二保护窗依次用紫外光敏胶或者甲醇胶或者光学环氧胶胶合。
 
 有益效果
本发明所具有的积极效果是：采用本发明的硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统后，由于本发明所述物镜系统为反远距结构，且物镜系统包括沿光线传播方向依次相胶合的第一保护窗、平凹镜、棱镜组合、第一平凸透镜、第一双胶合透镜、第一弯月透镜、第二平凸透镜、第二弯月透镜和第三弯月透镜，所述棱镜组合的折射率为1.8~2.1；所述物镜系统与中继镜系统之间无像面，这样可以获得了75°全视场内的高清晰和低畸变的成像；所述中继镜系统包括n组的中继镜组，每组中继镜组均为双远心结构，所述中继镜组包括前镜组、中镜组和后镜组，所述前镜组和后镜组均为三胶合棒状镜，中镜组为凸透镜，且凸透镜的中心处设有孔径光阑，所述前镜组和后镜组沿着凸透镜的孔径光阑呈对称布置，其中，n为奇数；所述目镜系统为物方远心结构，且目镜系统包括沿光线传播方向相胶合的第四弯月透镜、第二双胶合透镜、第五弯月透镜、第六弯月透镜、凸透镜和第二保护窗；由于本发明所述物镜系统为反远距结构，目镜系统为物方远心结构，以保证和中继镜系统的光瞳衔接，并根据直接通过目镜系统观察所需要的视场和后端摄影系统对视场的要求，确定目镜系统的焦距；本发明具有的优点是：
一、腹腔镜为大视场系统，本发明的光学系统中，未使用非球面设计，通过对球面透镜的优化与新的结构形式，使得物镜的光学畸变小于1.1 %；
二、通过对棱镜结构的设计，空气隙的引入，减小了棱镜结构对孔径的限制，在未使用非球面的情况下使物镜的F#达到了6，在全视场内实现了1920*1080高清晰成像；
三、内窥镜的中继系统没有采用传统的两个棒镜为一组的结构形式，而采用了三个棒镜一组的方法，一定程度上缩短了单根棒镜的长度，是窥镜发生细微弯曲形变时不易破损。
 
 附图说明
图1为本发明的硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的物镜系统的结构示意图；
图3为本发明的棱镜组合结构示意图；
图4为本发明的中继镜系统的结构示意图；
图5为本发明的的目镜系统示意图；
图6为本发明的硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统的MTF曲线图；
图7为本发明的硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统的畸变曲线图；
图8为本发明的硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统的像面照度曲线图。
 
 本发明的最佳实施方式
以下结合附图以及给出的实施例，对本发明作进一步的说明，但并不局限于此。
如图1、2、3、4、6、7、8所示，一种硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统，包括沿光线传播方向且依次胶合为一体的物镜系统1、中继镜系统2和目镜系统3，所述中继镜系统2位于物镜系统1和目镜系统3之间；
   所述物镜系统1为反远距结构，且物镜系统1包括沿光线传播方向依次相胶合的第一保护窗11、平凹镜12、棱镜组合13、第一平凸透镜14、第一双胶合透镜15、第一弯月透镜16、第二平凸透镜17、第二弯月透镜18和第三弯月透镜19，
所述棱镜组合13使用的玻璃材料为高折射率玻璃，且所述棱镜组合13的玻璃材料折射率范围是1.8~2.1，所述棱镜组合13的折射率优先选用2.02；
所述中继镜系统2包括n组的中继镜组，每组中继镜组均为双远心结构，所述中继镜组包括前镜组、中镜组和后镜组，所述前镜组和后镜组均为三胶合棒状镜，中镜组为凸透镜24，且凸透镜24的中心处设有孔径光阑，所述前镜组和后镜组沿着凸透镜24的孔径光阑呈对称布置，其中，n为奇数；
所述目镜系统3为物方远心结构，且目镜系统3包括沿光线传播方向相胶合的第四弯月透镜31、第二双胶合透镜32、第五弯月透镜33、第六弯月透镜34、凸透镜35和第二保护窗36；
所述物镜系统1的第三弯月透镜19位于中继镜系统2的前镜组的一侧，凹镜23位于目镜系统3的第四弯月透镜31的一侧。
如图3所示，为了使得本发明的棱镜组合13具有较高的折射率，所述物镜系统1的棱镜组合13包括第一棱镜、第二棱镜和第三棱镜，所述第一棱镜与第二棱镜之间设有间隙，且间隙宽度为3um~5um；所述第二棱镜与第三棱镜相胶合。
本发明所述物镜系统1的设计有益于75°大视场像差的矫正；所述物镜系统1的入瞳位于物方焦平面上构成像方远心光路，保证了像面照度均匀和与双远心结构的中继镜系统2的瞳孔衔接。对于不同长度规格要求的腹腔镜，中继镜系统2可由奇数组的上述中继镜组组成。
如图2所示，本发明所述物镜系统1与中继系统2之间无中间像面，保证了高清晰和小于1.1% 畸变的光学成像。
本发明所述物镜系统1的平凹镜12与棱镜组合13之间设有第一孔径光阑，且平凹镜12与第一孔径光阑之间的间距为1.5mm~2.5mm。保证了在两束光有干涉时能够合理分离，克服了棱镜对孔径的限制。
所述中继镜系统的前镜组和后镜组均是由棒状镜21、凸镜22和凹镜23胶合而成的三胶合棒状镜。其中，凸镜是用来承担光焦度的，平凹镜是用来矫正轴向像差的。
如图5所示，本发明所述目镜系统3设计为物方远心结构，以保证和前端中继镜系统2的光瞳衔接，并根据直接通过目镜系统观察所需要的视场和后端摄影系统对视场的要求，确定目镜系统的焦距。本发明所述目镜系统3的视场角2ω=15.19°，出瞳直径2.3 mm，出瞳距离13 mm。
 
 本发明的实施方式
本发明所述第一双胶合透镜15和第二双胶合透镜32均是由两个透镜通过耐高温的紫外光敏胶胶合而成，所述紫外光敏胶的耐高温的温度为125℃~135℃。这样设计的好处是：不仅能够平衡色差，而且能保证光学系统能够在高温蒸汽消毒时不发生结构变化。
本发明所述三胶合棒状镜的棒状镜21、凸镜22和凹镜23用紫外光敏胶或者甲醇胶或者光学环氧胶胶合，所述紫外光敏胶或者甲醇胶或者光学环氧胶的耐高温的温度为125℃~135℃。这样设计的好处是：保证棒状镜在高温消毒时不发生变形。
为了保障手术顺利进行，本发明所述物镜系统1的第一保护窗11为石英玻璃或者是蓝宝石。这样设计的好处是：蓝宝石硬度达到了9，石英的硬度为7.5，有效起到了保护作用。
为了保障手术顺利进行，本发明所述目镜系统3的第二保护窗36为石英玻璃或者是蓝宝石。这样设计的好处是：蓝宝石硬度达到了9，石英的硬度为7.5，有效起到了保护作用。
本发明所述物镜系统1的第一保护窗11、平凹镜12、棱镜组合13、第一平凸透镜14、第一双胶合透镜15、第一弯月透镜16、第二平凸透镜17、第二弯月透镜18和第三弯月透镜19依次用紫外光敏胶或者甲醇胶或者光学环氧胶胶合。这样设计的好处是：平凹镜将大视场的光束的入射角迅速减小，减小了高级像差，后续镜片对残余像差进行平衡。
本发明所述目镜系统3的第四弯月透镜31、第二双胶合透镜32、第五弯月透镜33、第六弯月透镜34、凸透镜35和第二保护窗36依次用紫外光敏胶或者甲醇胶或者光学环氧胶胶合。这样设计的好处是：目镜将中间像面的小尺寸成像放大，同时出瞳与人眼或者后续卡口匹配，目镜平衡了物镜与棒镜组合后的残余像差。
如图6、7、8所示，是30°视向角腹腔镜的MTF曲线、畸变曲线、像面照度曲线图，本发明公开了一种外径为6 mm和75°视场的硬管式腹腔镜的光学系统，具有高清晰分辨率和畸变小于1.1% 的光学成像性能。所述物镜系统与中继系统无中间像面，很好地矫正了系统的畸变和提供了全视场内的高清晰成像。所述的棒状镜转像系统，由奇数个的棒状镜组组成，很好地矫正了轴向像差；两个对称设置的棒状镜构成一组双远心结构的中继镜组。所述目镜系统为物方远心结构，根据后端摄影系统的要求，满足视场角2ω=15.19°。因此，本发明的硬管式腹腔镜的光学系统具有高清晰、低畸变、75°视场的光学成像性能。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。
 
 

Claims (10)

  1. 一种硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统，包括沿光线传播方向且依次胶合为一体的物镜系统（1）、中继镜系统（2）和目镜系统（3），所述中继镜系统（2）位于物镜系统（1）和目镜系统（3）之间；其特征在于：
       所述物镜系统（1）为反远距结构，且物镜系统（1）包括沿光线传播方向依次相胶合的第一保护窗（11）、平凹镜（12）、棱镜组合（13）、第一平凸透镜（14）、第一双胶合透镜（15）、第一弯月透镜（16）、第二平凸透镜（17）、第二弯月透镜（18）和第三弯月透镜（19），
    所述棱镜组合（13）的折射率为1.8~2.1；
    所述中继镜系统（2）包括n组的中继镜组，每组中继镜组均为双远心结构，所述中继镜组包括前镜组、中镜组和后镜组，所述前镜组和后镜组均为三胶合棒状镜，中镜组为凸透镜（24），且凸透镜（24）的中心处设有孔径光阑，所述前镜组和后镜组沿着凸透镜（24）的孔径光阑呈对称布置，其中，n为奇数；
    所述目镜系统（3）为物方远心结构，且目镜系统（3）包括沿光线传播方向相胶合的第四弯月透镜（31）、第二双胶合透镜（32）、第五弯月透镜（33）、第六弯月透镜（34）、凸透镜（35）和第二保护窗（36）；
    所述物镜系统（1）的第三弯月透镜（19）位于中继镜系统（2）的前镜组的一侧，凹镜（23）位于目镜系统（3）的第四弯月透镜（31）的一侧。
     
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统，其特征在于：所述物镜系统（1）的棱镜组合（13）包括第一棱镜、第二棱镜和第三棱镜，所述第一棱镜与第二棱镜之间设有间隙，且间隙宽度为3um~5um；所述第二棱镜与第三棱镜相胶合。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统，其特征在于：所述物镜系统（1）的平凹镜（12）与棱镜组合（13）之间设有第一孔径光阑，且平凹镜（12）与第一孔径光阑之间的间距为1.5mm~2.5mm。
     
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统，其特征在于：所述中继镜系统的前镜组和后镜组均是由棒状镜（21）、凸镜（22）和凹镜（23）胶合而成的三胶合棒状镜。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统，其特征在于：所述第一双胶合透镜（15）和第二双胶合透镜（32）均是由两个透镜通过耐高温的紫外光敏胶胶合而成，所述紫外光敏胶的耐高温的温度为125℃~135℃。
  6. 根据权利要求1或4所述的硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统，其特征在于：所述三胶合棒状镜的棒状镜（21）、凸镜（22）和凹镜（23）用紫外光敏胶或者甲醇胶或者光学环氧胶胶合，所述紫外光敏胶或者甲醇胶或者光学环氧胶的耐高温的温度为125℃~135℃。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统，其特征在于：所述物镜系统（1）的第一保护窗（11）为石英玻璃或者是蓝宝石。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统，其特征在于：所述目镜系统（3）的第二保护窗（36）为石英玻璃或者是蓝宝石。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统，其特征在于：所述物镜系统（1）的第一保护窗（11）、平凹镜（12）、棱镜组合（13）、第一平凸透镜（14）、第一双胶合透镜（15）、第一弯月透镜（16）、第二平凸透镜（17）、第二弯月透镜（18）和第三弯月透镜（19）依次用紫外光敏胶或者甲醇胶或者光学环氧胶胶合。
     
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统，其特征在于：所述目镜系统（3）的第四弯月透镜（31）、第二双胶合透镜（32）、第五弯月透镜（33）、第六弯月透镜（34）、凸透镜（35）和第二保护窗（36）依次用紫外光敏胶或者甲醇胶或者光学环氧胶胶合。
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JP2017203935A (ja) * 2016-05-13 2017-11-16 株式会社タムロン 観察光学系、観察撮像装置、観察撮像システム、結像レンズ系及び観察光学系の調整方法
CN107102433A (zh) * 2017-06-30 2017-08-29 江苏鹰利视医疗器械有限公司 硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统
CN207096564U (zh) * 2017-06-30 2018-03-13 鹰利视医疗科技有限公司 硬管式内窥镜光学成像显示系统

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