WO2018235254A1 - 騒音除去機能を有する音声捕捉構造体 - Google Patents
騒音除去機能を有する音声捕捉構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018235254A1 WO2018235254A1 PCT/JP2017/023145 JP2017023145W WO2018235254A1 WO 2018235254 A1 WO2018235254 A1 WO 2018235254A1 JP 2017023145 W JP2017023145 W JP 2017023145W WO 2018235254 A1 WO2018235254 A1 WO 2018235254A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F11/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the ears or hearing sense; Non-electric hearing aids; Methods or devices for enabling ear patients to achieve auditory perception through physiological senses other than hearing sense; Protective devices for the ears, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F11/06—Protective devices for the ears
- A61F11/08—Protective devices for the ears internal, e.g. earplugs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
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- the present invention relates to a voice capture structure having a noise removal function.
- noises at the work site may interfere with communication among workers, resulting in a decrease in work efficiency and errors in work.
- an apparatus used for conversation between workers which is capable of reducing noise and clearly hearing only voice.
- a common configuration of this type of device is to receive sound including noise and voice as an electrical signal, filter the electrical signal to remove high-frequency noise, extract only voice, and amplify it. It is what you hear.
- Patent Document 1 As a conventional apparatus of this type, one that removes mechanical noise instead of electrically removing noise has also been proposed (Patent Document 1).
- the in-ear device 1 includes a main body 2 mounted on the ear canal of the wearer, and the main body 2 is provided with inductive conductive portions 3, 4, 5.
- the inductive conductors 3, 4, 5 are filled with filter material 6, 7, 8 which attenuates particular frequencies.
- a knob 9 is rotatably provided in the main body 2, and by turning the knob 9, a sound from the outside is selectively introduced to the induction conducting portions 3, 4, 5.
- the in-ear device 1 attenuates a specific frequency range by turning the knob 9 when listening to sound from the outside, and attenuates the noise from the sound including the noise and only the sound frequency. It is made to pass and this makes it possible to hear only the voice clearly.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the problems of the above-mentioned conventional devices, and it is a noise removing device that does not require special energy, has a simple structure, is easy to produce, and is inexpensive.
- An audio capture structure having a function. Although this sound capturing structure extremely reduces offensive highs, it does not stop hearing at all, and does not reduce the non-offensive tone range centered on human voice. Furthermore, because there is a through hole between the ear hole and the outside, there is no feeling of pressure on the inner ear when worn and it also prevents stuffiness, so it can withstand long-term use compared to conventional ear plugs. Is possible.
- the present invention adopts the following means in order to solve the above problems. That is, the present invention comprises a main body having a through hole, one end of the through hole being a sound introducing portion, and the other end being a sound receiving portion, the sound introducing portion being in the through hole
- a noise attenuation portion having a cross-sectional area in which the amount of attenuation of the sound introduced from the part includes a voice equal to or lower than the reference frequency ⁇ the area exceeding the reference frequency, the reference is provided at the one end of the main body It is characterized in that a noise reflecting portion that reflects sound in a region exceeding the frequency is formed.
- the main body is formed to extend in one direction so as to form a tubular shape, and a groove is formed on an end face of one end of the main body surrounding the opening of the through hole,
- the outer surface of the groove is an inclined surface which spreads in the extension direction of the one end portion, and the groove is a noise reflection portion.
- a plurality of circumferential grooves are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the main body near the one end so as to be adjacent to each other in the one direction.
- the other end of the main body is formed with a mounting portion for attaching the ear to the ear canal, and is configured as an earplug that attenuates noise and receives voice.
- the mounting portion is a member made of an elastomer configured to be removable from the main body.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a speech capture structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is an A arrow line view of FIG. It is a BB arrow expanded sectional view of FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a side view of a speech capture structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a side view of a speech capture structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph which shows the noise removal effect of the noise by the electric saw of the audio
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing noise reduction for an electrical saw and a chisel of a voice capture structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing noise reduction for an electrical saw and a chisel of a voice capture structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the in-ear device shown as prior art. It is a front view of the apparatus which abbreviate
- FIGS. 1 to 3 A sound capturing structure (earplug) having a noise removing function according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS.
- the voice capturing structure 1 having a noise removing function includes a main body 2 and a mounting member (mounting portion) 3 attached to the main body 2.
- the main body 2 is formed of a synthetic resin in a cylindrical shape, extends in one direction, and has a length of 15 mm to 35 mm.
- the inside of the main body 1 is a through hole 4 having a circular cross section, and from the one end (first end) 2A to the other end (second end) 2B, a small diameter portion 4a and a large diameter portion It has 4b.
- the small diameter portion 4a has a diameter of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm and a length of 3 mm to 6 mm
- the large diameter portion 4b has a diameter of 4 mm to 6 mm and a length of 18 mm to 24 mm.
- the one end portion 2A side of the small-sized portion 4a is a sound introducing portion 5 whose diameter increases toward the one end portion 2A.
- the other end 2B side of the large diameter portion 4b constitutes a fitting portion of the mounting member 3 and a sound receiving portion.
- the small diameter portion 4a and the large diameter portion 4b constituting the through hole 4 attenuate the noise among the sounds including the external noise introduced from the sound introducing portion 5, and only the voice is clearly seen on the other end 2B side It constitutes a noise attenuating part to be delivered.
- the area of the sound introduced from the sound introduction unit 5 includes a region where the attenuation is less than the reference frequency (for example, 1,600 Hz) ⁇ the reference frequency (for example, 1,600 Hz) It is necessary to set a cross-sectional area etc. so that it will become an area which exceeds.
- This noise attenuation function is mainly provided by appropriately selecting the cross-sectional area and the length of the small diameter portion 4a.
- Grooves 8 and 9 are formed around the axis of the through hole 4 on the end surface 7 on the side of the one end 2A of the main body 2.
- the cross sections of the circumferential parts of the grooves 8 and 9 are V-shaped, and the radial outer surfaces of the grooves 8 and 9 are inclined such that the diameter of the grooves 8 and 9 extends in the extension direction of the one end 2A of the main body 2
- the surfaces 8a and 9a are used.
- the end surface 7a of the end surface 7 on which the sound introducing portion 5 is formed is positioned inward of the main body 2 by 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm from the end surface 7b of the outer peripheral portion of the end surface 7.
- the depths of the grooves 8 and 9 are respectively 0.8 mm to 11.2 mm and 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm with reference to the end face 7b.
- the end face 7 including the grooves 8 and 9 constitutes a noise reflecting portion that reflects the sound exceeding the reference frequency (for example, 1,600 Hz).
- the mounting member 3 is a member for mounting to the external ear canal of the human ear, is made of an elastomer, and is formed into a hook-like shape, and is fitted to the main body 2 with the elastically deformable mounting portion 3a. And a wearing part 3b.
- the mounting member 3 is integrated with the main body 2 by fitting the fitting portion 3 b to the large diameter portion 4 b of the through hole 4, and is detachable from the main body 2.
- a deep circumferential groove 12 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the main body 2 near one end 2A, and further, on the side away from the circumferential groove 12 from the one end 2A, the circumferential groove and the ridge are in the axial direction of the main body 2 Irregularities 13 alternately formed in the direction are formed.
- the circumferential groove 12 and the concavo-convex portion 13 are for making it easy to hold the main body 2.
- the voice capturing structure 1 having the noise removing function configured as described above is effective, for example, when it is used in a place such as a construction site where the noise level is high and the conversation between workers is hindered. That is, if the workers wear the voice capturing structure (earplugs) 1, noise is eliminated and only voice can be heard clearly.
- the finger is used to grip the circumferential groove 12 or the uneven portion 13 of the main body 2 and the attaching member 3 is attached to the ear canal.
- voice and noise around the worker reach the voice capture structure 1.
- noises in particular are scattered at the end face (noise reflection portion) 7 and irregularly reflected, and the sound pressure is attenuated. Since the noise has a relatively high frequency (for example, a frequency exceeding 1,600 Hz), it strikes the wall surface of narrow grooves 8 and 9 formed on the end face 7 and diffuses and attenuates. Further, the voice and part of the noise enter the inside of the small diameter part 4 a from the sound introducing part 5 of the voice capturing structure 1.
- the small diameter portion 4a is a narrow space, noise having a relatively high frequency (for example, a frequency exceeding 1,600 Hz) is attenuated.
- the voice since the voice has a relatively low frequency (for example, a frequency of 1,600 Hz or less), it passes through the small diameter portion 4a and reaches the worker through the large diameter portion 4b.
- the voice capture structure 1 In the operation of the voice capture structure 1 described above, external noise is attenuated in the entire through hole 4, but the small diameter portion 4a mainly exerts the attenuation function. Thus, among the external sounds, the noise is removed and the voice reaches the workers, so that the workers can talk with each other smoothly, and the reduction of the work efficiency due to the noise and the like can be suppressed. And since the voice capturing structure 1 is formed by integrally molding the main body 2 made of a synthetic resin and fitting the mounting member 3 made of an elastomer to the main body 2, the structure is simple and easy to manufacture. There is an advantage that it can be obtained inexpensively.
- each part of the main body 2 are exemplified, but the dimensions of each part are not limited to this example, and if the operation and effect of clearly removing the noise and obtaining the sound can be obtained, Other dimensions may be used as appropriate.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate a speech capture structure as another embodiment.
- the voice capture structure 1A shown in FIG. 4 differs from the above embodiment in that the uneven portion on the outer peripheral surface of the main body 2 is eliminated.
- the voice capture structure 1B shown in FIG. 5 differs from the above embodiment in that the uneven portion on the outer peripheral surface of the main body 2 is eliminated and two circumferential grooves 12 are further provided. Also in each of these embodiments, the same operation and effect as the above embodiments can be obtained.
- the present invention is applied to the earplug, but the present invention not only removes the earplug but also removes relatively high-frequency noise to clearly hear the voice. It may be applied to other devices capable of
- FIGS. 6 to 11 are graphs showing experimental results on noise removal effects and the like for the voice capture structure 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 above.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the noise removal effect of the voice capture structure 1 with respect to the noise caused by the electric saw, where P1 is the human body when the voice capture structure 1 is not attached and P2 is the human body when the voice capture structure 1 is attached. Indicates the sound pressure level to reach. In addition, the crunchy sound shows almost the same tendency. As shown in this graph, the sound pressure level reaching the human body does not attenuate voices of 1,600 Hz or less, but attenuates noise of approximately 1,600 Hz or more, and attenuates up to 30 dB in a part of frequency regions.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the noise removal effect of the voice capture structure 1 with respect to the noise caused by the electric saw, where P1 is the human body when the voice capture structure 1 is not attached and P2 is the human body when the voice capture structure 1 is attached. Indicates the sound pressure level to
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the volume reduction of the noise of the electric saw and the noise of the rattle when the voice capturing structure 1 is attached.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing a noise waveform at the time of wearing when the sound capturing structure 1 is not attached to the noise of the electric saw.
- (a) is a noise waveform when the voice capture structure 1 is not attached and
- (b) is a noise waveform when attached.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the noise removal effect of the voice capture structure 1 on the noise of the jet, where P3 is the case where the voice capture structure 1 is not attached and P4 is the human body when the voice capture structure 1 is attached. Indicates the sound pressure level to be reached. The road cutters also show almost the same tendency.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing sound reduction when the sound capturing structure 1 of the jet aircraft noise and the road cutter noise is attached.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing noise waveforms when the voice capture structure 1 is not attached and attached to the noise of the jet. In the figure, (a) is a noise waveform when the voice capture structure 1 is not attached and (b) is a noise waveform when attached.
- the sound capturing structure 1 extremely reduces offensive highs, it does not stop hearing at all, and does not reduce the non-offensive tone range centered on the human voice. Furthermore, because there is a through hole between the ear hole and the outside, there is no feeling of pressure on the inner ear when worn and it also prevents stuffiness, so it can withstand long-term use compared to conventional ear plugs. Is possible.
- the voice capture structure 1 is applicable to sports that require concentration such as pachinko parlors, motor sports, and dart players.
- the voice capture structure 1 is a person who tends to be hypersensitive to the other ear due to hypersensitivity or hearing loss of one ear, so that the sound of dishes in the air conditioner or restaurant etc. It is also applicable to people who
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Abstract
Description
従来、このような騒音下での問題を解決すべく、作業者間の会話に使用する機器として、騒音を低減して音声のみを明瞭に聞き取ることのできる機器が提供されている。この種の機器の一般的構成は、騒音、音声を含む音を電気信号として受信し、この電気信号をフィルターを通すことにより周波数の高い騒音を除去して音声のみを取り出し、これを増幅して聞き取るというものである。
また、特許文献1に記載された耳内装置は、騒音の減衰をフィルタ材料によって行うため、これも構造が簡単とはいえず、フィルタ材料の選定にも手間がかかり、コストの低減化も十分とはいえない。
ほとんどの作業者は、千円以下の「耳栓」を使用しており、この為、背後を走るフオークリフトなどの車両音も聞こえなくなる場合がある。また、危険が迫った時に近隣にいる作業員からの「危ない」などの注意喚起の声も間こえなくなり、事故がかなりの頻度で起こっている。
あるいは、作業者の中には既に難聴若しくは難聴気昧になっている者もおり、彼らに耳栓を使用させると、より一層外部の音が遮断され、危険性が極度に増すという問題がある。
この音声捕捉構造体は、耳障りな高音を極度に減少させるものの、全く聞こえなくなるわけではなく、人の声を中心とした、耳障りでない音域を減音させることはない。さらには、耳穴と外部との間に貫通孔が空いているため、装着時に内耳への圧迫感がなく、かつ、蒸れも防げるため、従来の耳栓に比較して長時間使用にも耐えることが可能である。
すなわち、本発明は、貫通孔を有する本体を備え、前記貫通孔の一端部が音導入部とされるととともに、同他端部が音受信部とされ、該貫通孔内に、前記音導入部から導入された音について、その減衰量が、基準周波数以下の音声を含む領域<基準周波数を超える領域、とする断面積を有する騒音減衰部が形成され、前記本体の前記一端部に前記基準周波数を超える領域の音を反射する騒音反射部が形成されていることを特徴とする。
ここで説明する実施形態は、本発明を耳栓に適用した場合の形態、特に騒音を除去し、音声が明瞭聞こえるようにした耳栓に適用した場合の形態である。
図1~図3に示すように騒音除去機能を有する音声捕捉構造体1は、本体2と、本体2に取り付けられた装着部材(装着部)3とを備えている。
本体1の内部は断面円形の貫通孔4とされており、一端部(第一の端部)2Aから他端部(第二の端部)2B側へ向けて、小径部4a、大径部4bを備えている。
小形部4aの一端部2A側は、一端部2A方向へ向けて径が拡大する音導入部5となっている。
大径部4bの他端部2B側は、装着部材3の嵌着部及び音受信部を構成している。
騒音減衰部を構成する要件としては、音導入部5から導入された音について、その減衰量が、基準周波数(例えば1,600Hz)以下の音声を含む領域<基準周波数(例えば1,600Hz)を超える領域、となるように断面積等を設定することが必要である。
この騒音減衰機能は、主として小径部4aの断面積、長さを適切に選択することにより与えられる。
この場合、端面7のうち、音導入部5が形成された端面7aは、端面7の外周部分の端面7bより0.1mm~0.3mm本体2の内方に窪むように位置している。また、溝8,9の深さ寸法は、端面7bを基準として各々0.8mm~11.2mm、0.3mm~0.7mmである。
これら溝8、9を含む端面7は、前記基準周波数(例えば1,600Hz)を超える音を反射する騒音反射部を構成している。
これら周溝12及び凹凸部13は、本体2を保持し易くするためのものである。
音声捕捉構造体1を装着するには、指で本体2の周溝12又は凹凸部13部分を把持し、装着部材3を耳の外耳道に装着する。
また、音声と一部の騒音とは、音声捕捉構造体1の音導入部5から小径部4a内に進入する。ここで、小径部4aは狭隘な空間であるため、比較的周波数の高い(例えば1,600Hzを超える周波数)騒音は減衰する。しかし、音声は比較的周波数が低い(例えば1,600Hz以下の周波数)のでこの小径部4aを通過し、大径部4bを通って作業者に届く。
かくして、外部の音のうち、騒音が除去されて音声が作業者に届くので、作業者同士会話がスムーズになされ、騒音による作業効率の低下等が抑えられる。
そして、音声捕捉構造体1は、合成樹脂製の本体2を一体成形し、この本体2にエラストマー製の装着部材3を嵌合するものであるため、構造が簡単で制作が容易であり、したがって安価に得られるという利点がある。
図4に示す音声捕捉構造体1Aが上記の実施形態と異なる点は、本体2の外周面の凹凸部を無くしたことである。
図5に示す音声捕捉構造体1Bが上記の実施形態と異なる点は、本体2の外周面の凹凸部を無くし、更に周溝12を2つ設けた点である。
これら各実施の形態においても、上記の実施形態と同様の作用、効果が得られる。
また、上記の各実施に形態は、この発明を耳栓に適用した場合の形態であるが、この発明は耳栓だけでなく、比較的周波数の高い騒音を除去し、音声を明瞭に聞き取ることのできる他の機器に適用してもよい。
図6は、電気のこぎりによる騒音に対する音声捕捉構造体1の騒音除去効果を示すグラフであって、P1は音声捕捉構造体1を装着しない場合、P2は音声捕捉構造体1を装着した場合の人体に到達する音圧レベルを示す。なお、ハツリ音もほぼ同じ傾向を示す。
このグラフに示すように人体に到達する音圧レベルは、1,600Hz以下の音声は減衰しないが、略1,600Hz以上の騒音は減衰し、一部の周波数領域では最大30dB減衰する。
図7は、電気のこぎりの騒音とハツリの騒音の音声捕捉構造体1装着時の減音量を示すグラフである。
図8は、電気のこぎりの騒音に対する音声捕捉構造体1の未装着時、装着時の騒音波形を示すグラフである。図において、(a)は音声捕捉構造体1の未装着時、(b)は装着時の騒音波形である。
図9は、ジェット機の騒音に対する音声捕捉構造体1の騒音除去効果を示すグラフであって、P3は音声捕捉構造体1を装着しない場合、P4は音声捕捉構造体1を装着した場合の人体に到達する音圧レベルを示す。なお、道路カッターもほぼ同じ傾向を示す。
このグラフに示すように人体に到達する音圧レベルは、1,600Hz以下の音声は減衰しないが、略1,600Hz以上の騒音は減衰し、一部の周波数領域では最大40dB減衰する。
図10は、ジェット機の騒音と道路カッターの騒音の音声捕捉構造体1装着時の減音量を示すグラフである。
図11は、ジェット機の騒音に対する音声捕捉構造体1の未装着時、装着時の騒音波形を示すグラフである。図において、(a)は音声捕捉構造体1の未装着時、(b)は装着時の騒音波形である。
2 本体
2B 他端部(音受信部)
3 装着部材(装着部)
4 貫通孔(騒音減衰部)
4a 小径部
4b 大径部
5 音導入部
7 端面(騒音反射部)
8、9 溝
12 周溝
13 凹凸部
Claims (6)
- 貫通孔を有する本体を備えてなり、
前記貫通孔の一端部が音導入部とされるととともに、同他端部が音受信部とされ、
該貫通孔内に、前記音導入部から導入された音について、その減衰量が、基準周波数以下の音声を含む領域<基準周波数を超える領域、とする断面積を有する騒音減衰部が形成され、
前記本体の前記一端部に前記基準周波数を超える領域の音を反射する騒音反射部が形成されていることを特徴とする騒音除去機能を有する音声捕捉構造体。 - 前記本体は一方向に延びて筒状をなすように形成され、
該本体の一端部端面には、前記貫通孔の開口部を囲繞して溝が形成され、該溝の外側面は前記一端部の延長方向に向けて拡開する傾斜面とされ、
該溝が前記騒音反射部とされていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の騒音除去機能を有する音声捕捉構造体。 - 前記貫通孔は、前記本体の前記一端部側に形成された小径部と、この小径部より大径とされ、該小径部に連続して前記本体の他端部に至る大径部とを備え、前記小径部が前記騒音減衰部を構成していることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の騒音除去機能を有する音声捕捉構造体。
- 前記本体の外周面には、前記一端部寄りに、前記一方向に互いに隣接するように複数の周方向の溝が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項記載の騒音除去機能を有する音声捕捉構造体。
- 前記本体の他端部に、耳の外耳道への装着部が形成され、騒音を減衰させて音声を聞き取る耳栓として構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項記載の騒音除去機能を有する音声捕捉構造体。
- 前記装着部は、前記本体に着脱自在に構成されたエラストマーからなる部材であることを特徴とする請求項5記載の騒音除去機能を有する音声捕捉構造体。
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