WO2018233354A1 - 车架随行式盾构隧道壁后注浆检测装备 - Google Patents

车架随行式盾构隧道壁后注浆检测装备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018233354A1
WO2018233354A1 PCT/CN2018/082763 CN2018082763W WO2018233354A1 WO 2018233354 A1 WO2018233354 A1 WO 2018233354A1 CN 2018082763 W CN2018082763 W CN 2018082763W WO 2018233354 A1 WO2018233354 A1 WO 2018233354A1
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Prior art keywords
grouting
shield
frame
radar
bracket
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PCT/CN2018/082763
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢雄耀
周彪
周云祥
覃晖
陈逸凡
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同济大学
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Application filed by 同济大学 filed Critical 同济大学
Priority to EP18821101.5A priority Critical patent/EP3470622A4/en
Publication of WO2018233354A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018233354A1/zh
Priority to US16/410,625 priority patent/US11181633B2/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/38—Concrete; Lime; Mortar; Gypsum; Bricks; Ceramics; Glass
    • G01N33/383—Concrete or cement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/885—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for ground probing

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of post-grouting grouting and cavity detection in the construction period of a shield tunnel, and particularly relates to a post-grouting detection equipment for a frame-driven shield tunnel wall.
  • the grouting pattern is not easy to control, and the gap estimation and grouting parameter setting of the shield tail building have no experience to follow.
  • the quality control of tunnel construction itself is difficult, and it is easy to cause correction gap. If it is not properly controlled, it will cause surface settlement during the construction phase, and excessive deformation of existing tunnels and bridges. In the operation stage, it will cause leakage or leakage of tunnels, or longitudinal distortion of internal structures (such as subway tracks), affecting the normal operation of the tunnel, safety of the tunnel structure, safety and comfort of subway train operations.
  • the amount of simultaneous grouting is generally determined by experience by hand.
  • the shape and filling degree of the grout in the rear part of the segment cannot be effectively determined, so that the grouting operation cannot be guided in real time and effectively. Therefore, special research is needed on the mechanics and diffusion characteristics of the slurry, the prediction and detection of the actual injection volume of the grouting, and the real-time detection of the actual grouting effect.
  • the domestic grouting quality inspection of the shield wall is mainly carried out by manual on-site measurement and recording after the tunnel construction is completed. Subsequent processing is carried out indoors. At this time, surface subsidence has often occurred for a long time, and the disease caused by grouting defects has caused significant economic losses. At this time, the detection is relatively small. In addition, manual detection is subject to site conditions and the detection stability is poor. It is urgent to develop real-time automatic detection of post-grout grouting equipment.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a post-grouting inspection equipment for a frame-type shield tunnel wall.
  • the device for detecting post-grouting of the frame-type shield tunnel wall comprises the ground penetrating radar 1, the servo controller 2, the driving motor and the speed reducer 3, the transmission mechanism 4, the radar collecting box 5, the bracket 6, and the assembling type a track 7, a pulley 9 and a conveyor belt 10, the assembled rail 7 is an arch structure, and the ground penetrating radar 1 is mounted above the assembled rail 7 via a bracket 6, and the ground penetrating radar 1 can be assembled along the frame by the bracket 6.
  • the track is moved at a constant speed and the isochronous time is detected; the transmission mechanism 4 and the driving motor and the speed reducer 3 are fixed on one side of the assembled rail 7, the transmission mechanism 4 is connected to the driving motor and the speed reducer 3, and the servo controller 2 is fixed to On the side of the assembled rail 7, the servo controller 2 is connected to the driving motor and the speed reducer, and a plurality of pulleys 9 are fixed under the assembled rail 7, the one end of the transmission belt 10 is connected to the bracket 6, and the other end is bypassed on the side of the assembled rail 7 Through the transmission mechanism 4, through a plurality of pulleys 9 in sequence, after the transmission belt 10 reaches the bottom of the other side of the assembled rail 7, after bypassing the other side of the assembled rail 7, the bracket 6 is connected, so that the transmission belt constitutes a closed of a loop, the radar collection box 5 is fixed on the bracket 6, the radar collection box 5 and the ground penetrating radar 1 are connected by a coaxial cable; the shielded track 7 is provided
  • the radar antenna is mounted with a detection frequency between 300 and 900 MHz to improve the detection effect of the post-wall grout.
  • the range of motion of the ground penetrating radar 1 can meet the detection requirement of 15°-360°, and the motion mode includes constant speed and equal time difference pause, and each shield advances a ring.
  • the ground penetrating radar 1 performs shield grouting detection along the hoop direction.
  • the radar collection box 5 is connected to the operation room computer through a network cable, and the operation room computer is provided with a visualization radar image analysis software to realize a layered visual display of the grout.
  • the assembled track is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of assembled track segments.
  • test equipment is installed in front of the first frame of the shield machine, and follows the shield machine to achieve post-wall grouting.
  • the present invention designs the curved orbit and the ground penetrating radar performs circumferential detection along the orbit. Compared with manual detection, the detection stability and the positioning effect of the radar wave are improved.
  • the self-developed visualization software can synchronously display the shape of the grout after the end of the test, and shorten the internal processing time of the past manual detection.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a post-grouting detection equipment structure of a frame-assisted shield tunnel wall developed by the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a diagram of the assembled track segment.
  • Figure 3 shows the real-time processing of the radar signal obtained by the signal processing module, integrated DEWOW, DC removal, air removal layer, background removal and filtering, AGC/ACC and inter-channel equalization.
  • Figure 4 is a visual representation of the post-wall grouting obtained by on-site inspection. Among them: (a) is the development of the slice grout and the layer thickness of the layer, and (b) is the grouting filling factor diagram (the percentage in the figure is the ratio of the actual thickness of the grout to the design value), (c) Visualize the map for post-grouting distribution.
  • Figure 5 is a technical implementation path diagram.
  • the number is: 1 is ground penetrating radar, 2 is servo controller, 3 is drive motor and reducer, 4 is transmission mechanism, 5 is radar acquisition box, 6 is bracket, 7 is assembled track, 8 is shield machine Assembly interface, 9 is a pulley, 10 is a conveyor belt.
  • Embodiment 1 as shown in FIG. 1, the device includes a ground penetrating radar 1, a servo controller 2, a driving motor and a speed reducer 3, a transmission mechanism 4, a radar collecting box 5, a bracket 6, a mounted rail 7, and a pulley 9 and conveyor belt 10.
  • the ground penetrating radar 1 is connected to the conveyor belt 10 via a support plate, and the conveyor belt is moved in a circular direction under the traction of the drive motor and the speed reducer 3 and the transmission mechanism 4, and the motion mode is controlled by the servo controller 2.
  • the ground penetrating radar 1 acquires the radar signal and transmits it to the radar collecting box 5 through the coaxial cable, and transmits it to the control room computer through the network cable for data analysis.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of the assembled track segment of the present invention.
  • the number of stages required for assembling the track segments is calculated according to the actual detection angle requirement, and the assembled track segments are sequentially connected by a plurality of assembled track segments.
  • the present invention first determines the circumferential direction of detection according to the detection requirement and the shield operation space, and the angle is controlled between 20-360 degrees. According to the actual detection angle requirement and the length of the assembly segment as shown in Fig. 2, the required number of segments is calculated, and the on-site assembly is performed to form the overall equipment as shown in Fig. 1. After the assembly is completed, the shield machine assembly interface 8 is mounted on the frame of the shield machine to form an overall equipment.
  • the equipment After the equipment is integrated, it can follow the shield to advance, and the loop detection is performed for each loop piece.
  • the radar data is collected by the radar collection box 5, and transmitted back to the operation room computer through the network cable in real time, through the signal processing shown in FIG. Module, integrated DEWOW, DC removal, air removal layer, background removal and filtering, AGC/ACC and inter-channel equalization, etc., real-time processing of radar signals and forming a visualization of the grouting layer as shown in Figure 4, where (a) (d) is the grouting filling factor diagram (the percentage in the figure is the ratio of the actual thickness of the grout to the design value, and (c) is the post-wall grouting distribution. Visualize the map.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种车架随行式盾构隧道壁后注浆检测装置，包含车架随行式自动传送装置、空气耦合探地雷达（1）及壁后注浆体智能化处理分析软件。车架随行式自动传送装置主要包括轨道（7）、传送带（10）、传动机构（4）、伺服控制器（2）、驱动电机及减速器（3）。检测装置安装在盾构机首节车架上，随着盾构推进对盾构注浆体进行环向检测及注浆体分层可视化展示。检测装置通过软硬件集成，在盾构施工过程中实现了对壁后注浆层的实时可视化检测。

Description

车架随行式盾构隧道壁后注浆检测装备 技术领域
本发明属于盾构隧道施工期壁后注浆及空洞检测领域，具体涉及一种车架随行式盾构隧道壁后注浆检测装备。
背景技术
近年来，随着国家加强对基础建设设施的投入，我国交通建设失业取得了迅猛的发展，公路隧道特别是长大隧道的建设与研究也都取得了飞速的发展，目前我国已经成为世界上隧道工程数量最多、最复杂、发展最快的国家。基于盾构施工中“保头护尾勤注浆”的原则，通过研发雷达检测设备实现对盾构壁后注浆厚度检测。控制周边变形，对确保施工及周边环境安全具有重要意义。目前盾构隧道同步注浆是控制地层变形及保护现有隧道、桥梁及周边环境的重要措施，然而注浆形态不易控制，盾尾建筑空隙估算和注浆参数设定并无经验可循。同时在曲线穿越过程中，隧道施工本身质量控制难度大，容易引起纠偏空隙。如果控制不当，在施工阶段将导致地表沉降，既有隧道和桥梁产生过大变形。在运营阶段，其将引发隧道渗水漏泥或结构局部破坏，或内部结构(如地铁轨道)发生纵向扭曲变形，影响隧道的正常运营，对隧道结构安全、地铁列车运营的安全性及舒适性都有一定潜在的威胁。进而又影响到周围及地表各类构筑物的运营，造成巨大的经济损失，甚至引起严重的社会不良影响。传统上，同步注浆量一般由人工凭经验决定，注浆体在管片后部形态及充填程度无法有效确定，从而无法实时、有效的指导注浆作业。因而需就浆液力学和扩散特性，注浆实际注入量预测和检测，以及实际注浆效果实时检测等方面进行专项研究。
目前国内对盾构壁后注浆质量检测主要是在隧道建设完成后进行人工的现场测量和记录。再于室内进行后续处理。这时往往地表沉降已经发生了很久，注浆缺陷造成的病害已经产生了重大的经济损失，此时进行检测意义相对较小。另外人工检测易受现场条件制约，检测稳定性较差。亟待开发实时化自动检测壁后注浆装备。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种车架随行式盾构隧道壁后注浆检测装备。
本发明提出的车架随行式盾构隧道壁后注浆检测装置，包括探地雷达1、伺服控制器2、驱动电机及减速器3、传动机构4、雷达采集箱5、支架6、拼装式轨道7、带轮9和传送带10，所述拼装式轨道7为拱形结构，探地雷达1通过支架6搭载于拼装式轨道7上方，所述探地雷达1通过支架6能沿着拼装式轨道匀速移动及等间隔时间停顿式检测；拼装式轨道7一侧上固定有传动机构4和驱动电机及减速器3，所述传动机构4连接驱动电机及减速器3，伺服控制器2固定于拼装式轨道7的侧面，伺服控制器2连接驱动电机及减速器，拼装式轨道7下方固定有若干个带轮9，传动带10一端连接支架6，另一端绕过拼装式轨道7一侧上方，穿过传动机构4，依次穿过若干个带轮9，传动带10到达拼装式轨道7另一侧底部后，绕过拼装式轨道7另一侧上方，连接支架6，这样传动带就构成了一个闭合的回路，雷达采集箱5固定在支架6上，雷达采集箱5与探地雷达1通过同轴电缆连接；所述拼装式轨道7下方设置有若干盾构机装配接口8；车架随行式盾构隧道壁后注浆检测装置通过盾构机装配接口8搭载在盾构机车架上；在伺服控制器2的控制下，通过驱动电机及减速器3驱动，带动传动机构，传动机构带动传动带10及带轮9，传动带10通过带动支架8，从而带动探地雷达1沿圆周进行运动。
本发明中，搭载雷达天线检测频率在300-900MHz之间，以提高壁后注浆体的检测效果。
本发明中，根据盾构机前方净空及操作要求，所述探地雷达1的运动范围可满足15°-360°的检测需求，运动模式包括匀速及等时间差停顿，盾构每推进一环，探地雷达1沿环向进行盾构注浆体检测。
本发明中，所述雷达采集箱5通过网线连接操作室电脑，所述操作室电脑上设有可视化雷达图像解析软件解析实现注浆体分层可视化展示。
本发明中，所述拼装式轨道由若干个拼装式轨道节段依次连接而成。
本发明的有益效果在于：
(1)满足盾构隧道壁后注浆实时检测需求，提高壁后注浆施工水平： 检测装备搭载在盾构机第一节车架前方，跟随盾构机前行，实现对壁后注浆浆液的实时自动化检测，通过注浆参数调整及补注浆辅助壁后注浆施工，提高壁后注浆施工水平。
(2)提升壁后注浆检测质量：本发明通过设计弧形轨道，探地雷达沿轨道进行环向检测，相较于人工检测，提高了检测稳定性和雷达波的定位效果。
(3)安全便捷性：检测人员可通过增加拼装节段数量调整断面检测范围，整个检测过程自动化进行，具有安全便捷的特点。
(4)图像处理实时化程度高：自主开发的可视化软件可在检测结束后同步显示注浆体形态，缩短了过往人工检测的内业处理时间。
附图说明
图1为本发明研发的车架随行式盾构隧道壁后注浆检测装备结构图示。
图2为拼装式轨道节段图。
图3为所示信号处理模块，综合DEWOW、去直流、去除空气层、背景去除及滤波、AGC/ACC及道间均衡等方法得到的对雷达信号进行实时处理图。
图4为现场检测所获得的壁后注浆可视化展示图。其中：(a)为管片注浆体及土层分层厚度展开图，(b)为注浆充盈系数图(图中百分比为注浆体实际检测厚度与设计值的比值)，(c)为壁后注浆分布可视化展示图。
图5为技术实施路径图。
图中标号：1为探地雷达，2为伺服控制器，3为驱动电机及减速器，4为传动机构，5为雷达采集箱，6为支架，7为拼装式轨道，8为盾构机装配接口，9为带轮，10为传送带。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例结合附图进一步说明本发明。
实施例1；如图1所示，所述装置包括探地雷达1、伺服控制器2、驱动电机及减速器3、传动机构4、雷达采集箱5、支架6、拼装式轨道7、带轮9和传送带10。其中探地雷达1通过支座板与传送带10连接，传送带在驱动电机及减速器3及传动机构4牵引下沿圆周运动，运动模式由伺 服控制器2控制。探地雷达1获取雷达信号通过同轴电缆传送至雷达采集箱5，并通过网线传送至控制室电脑进行数据分析。
图2为本发明的拼装式轨道节段图，根据实际检测角度要求，计算拼装式轨道节段所需的阶段个数，由若干个拼装式轨道节段依次连接而成拼装式轨道7。
参见图5，本发明首先根据检测需求及盾构操作空间，确定环向检测角度，角度控制在20-360°之间。根据实际检测角度要求及如图2所示装配节段长度，计算所需的节段个数，并进行现场装配形成如图1所示整体装备。装配完成后通过盾构机装配接口8搭载在盾构机车架上，形成整体装备。
装备集成后可跟随盾构推进，对每环管片进行环向检测，检测过程中通过雷达采集箱5采集雷达数据，并实时通过网线回传到操作室电脑，通过如图3所示信号处理模块，综合DEWOW、去直流、去除空气层、背景去除及滤波、AGC/ACC及道间均衡等方法，对雷达信号进行实时处理并形成如图4所示注浆层可视化图，其中(a)为管片注浆体及土层分层厚度展开图，(b)为注浆充盈系数图(图中百分比为注浆体实际检测厚度与设计值的比值，(c)为壁后注浆分布可视化展示图。

Claims (5)

  1. 车架随行式盾构隧道壁后注浆检测装置，包括探地雷达(1)、伺服控制器(2)、驱动电机及减速器(3)、传动机构(4)、雷达采集箱(5)、支架(6)、拼装式轨道(7)、带轮(9)和传送带(10)，其特征在于：所述拼装式轨道(7)为拱形结构，探地雷达(1)通过支架(6)搭载于拼装式轨道(7)上方，所述探地雷达(1)通过支架(6)能沿着拼装式轨道来回移动；拼装式轨道(7)一侧上固定有传动机构(4)和驱动电机及减速器(3)，所述传动机构(4)连接驱动电机及减速器(3)，伺服控制器(2)固定于拼装式轨道(7)的侧面，伺服控制器(2)连接驱动电机及减速器，拼装式轨道(7)下方固定有若干个带轮(9)，传动带(10)一端连接支架(6)，另一端绕过拼装式轨道(7)一侧上方，穿过传动机构(4)，依次穿过若干个带轮(9)，传动带(10)到达拼装式轨道(7)另一侧底部后，绕过拼装式轨道(7)另一侧上方，连接支架(6)，这样传动带就构成了一个闭合的回路，雷达采集箱(5)固定于支架(6)上，雷达采集箱与探地雷达通过光纤连接；所述拼装式轨道(7)下方设置有若干盾构机装配接口(8)；车架随行式盾构隧道壁后注浆检测装置通过盾构机装配接口(8)搭载在盾构机车架上；在伺服控制器(2)的控制下，通过驱动电机及减速器(3)驱动，带动传动机构，传动机构带动传动带(10)及带轮(9)，传动带(10)通过带动支架(6)，从而带动探地雷达(1)沿圆周进行运动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车架随行式盾构隧道壁后注浆检测装置，其特征在于：探地雷达(1)天线检测频率为300-900MHz。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的车架随行式盾构隧道壁后注浆检测装置，其特征在于：根据盾构机前方净空及操作要求，所述探地雷达(1)的运动范围可满足15°-360°的检测需求，运动模式包括匀速及等时间差停顿，盾构每推进一环，探地雷达(1)沿环向进行盾构注浆体检测。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的车架随行式盾构隧道壁后注浆检测装置，其特征在于：所述雷达采集箱(5)通过网线连接操作室电脑，所述操作室电脑上设有可视化雷达图像解析软件解析实现注浆体分层可视化展示。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的车架随行式盾构隧道壁后注浆检测装置，其特征在于：所述拼装式轨道由若干个拼装式轨道节段依次连接而成。
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