WO2018232917A1 - Internet-of-things network congestion reduction method and router - Google Patents

Internet-of-things network congestion reduction method and router Download PDF

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WO2018232917A1
WO2018232917A1 PCT/CN2017/097576 CN2017097576W WO2018232917A1 WO 2018232917 A1 WO2018232917 A1 WO 2018232917A1 CN 2017097576 W CN2017097576 W CN 2017097576W WO 2018232917 A1 WO2018232917 A1 WO 2018232917A1
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data
transmission time
time
network
server
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French (fr)
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杜光东
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深圳市盛路物联通讯技术有限公司
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/12Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion
    • H04L47/122Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion by diverting traffic away from congested entities
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H04L47/2425Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS for supporting services specification, e.g. SLA
    • H04L47/2433Allocation of priorities to traffic types
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/27Evaluation or update of window size, e.g. using information derived from acknowledged [ACK] packets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/28Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations
    • H04L47/283Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations in response to processing delays, e.g. caused by jitter or round trip time [RTT]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/29Flow control; Congestion control using a combination of thresholds

Definitions

  • the aggregation node After receiving the adjusted transmission time, the aggregation node sends data according to the adjusted transmission time.
  • a receiving module receiving data rule information from a server
  • the parsing module parses, in the data rule information, a data collection name corresponding to each set of device IDs, and a predetermined transmission time;
  • the data with the highest priority is transmitted at the time when the coefficient is the lowest.
  • the mobile communication module transmits the highest priority data through the short message when the network is congested and cannot send data. Or when the tag module needs to transmit more than 2 data of the same level of priority, the part of the data is sent.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for reducing network congestion of the Internet of Things according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for reducing network congestion in an Internet of Things with a predetermined transmission time according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • One embodiment is for explaining that when the predetermined transmission time is a fixed transmission time, the method flow in the embodiment is as follows:
  • the sink node collects work data of each terminal, and the work data is sensed by the sensor, and the router is used as a sink node to collect data of each sensor. At the same time, it also receives data rule information from the server and stores the rule information in itself.
  • the data fields to be collected are: compressor load and outlet temperature; for the ID of the water-cooled air conditioner, the data to be collected is: compressor load, outlet temperature, inlet temperature, outlet temperature.
  • the aggregation node After receiving the adjusted transmission time, the aggregation node sends data according to the adjusted transmission time.
  • the server selects the corresponding data according to the user's needs, and continuously updates the data rule information according to the collection time and the working state of the terminal device, so as to select different data at different times. For example, for heating equipment, before the user returns to the residence, in a very low load working state, the server only needs to collect whether the current heating equipment is kept at the lowest constant temperature, and does not need to collect other working data. After the aggregation node resolves the rule information, it can select the server by parsing the result.
  • the server side can inform the aggregation node by adding a predetermined transmission time. Send time to reduce network congestion.
  • N is the number of data packets sent in the time period x before the current time
  • x is the length of the time segment, which is the current time and the predetermined time.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a router for reducing network congestion in the Internet of Things.
  • the sink node is implemented by using a router, and the router includes: a processor running an operating system;
  • a receiving module receiving data rule information from a server
  • cwnd After setting the initial value, cwnd will gradually increase with the loss of packets; after setting the initial value, ssthresh will also be reset with the increase of the value of cwnd, so both can be used as congestion parameters.
  • the solution for congestion in the tcp protocol uses a reduction in the number of packets sent. Such a scheme can adjust the number of data packets in the network in a short time, but reduces the amount of data packets sent.
  • the number of data packets transmitted in the network can be dynamically adjusted through a predetermined transmission time. The transmission time can be determined by the aggregation node or by the server.
  • the root According to the data of the data collection name selection part, it is transmitted to the server.
  • the congestion coefficient at different times in the future time period is estimated by the judgment of the network parameters, and is transmitted according to the time when the congestion coefficient is lowest, thereby effectively reducing network congestion.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a router for reducing network congestion for Internet-of-Things. The method comprises: receiving, via a convergence node, data rule information from a server; parsing a data collection name and a predetermined transmission time corresponding to each group of device ID set in the data rule information; acquiring data according to the data collection name corresponding to the device ID; and transmitting the acquired data according to the current network congestion status and the predetermined transmission time. With the above steps, the convergence node selects, according to the data rule information set by the server, a part of data among the plurality of working data on the basis of the data collection name, and transmits the data to the server according to the predetermined transmission time; and the data amount of the network is, therefore, adjusted in terms of two aspects: the transmission amount and the transmission time, which effectively reduces network congestion. The present invention also provides a router for reducing network congestion of Internet-of-Things.

Description

一种物联网降低网络拥塞的方法及路由器Method and router for reducing internet congestion in internet of things 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及物联网传输技术领域,尤其涉及一种物联网降低网络拥塞的方法及路由器。The present invention relates to the field of Internet of Things transmission technologies, and in particular, to a method and a router for reducing Internet congestion in an Internet of Things.
背景技术Background technique
物联网的数据传输,主要包括:感知层、网络层、应用层的数据传输。如图1所示,其中,感知层的感应器b1~b3,采集底层设备a1~a4中的工作数据,包括:终端设备的运行数据、告警数据、控制指令等。汇聚节点直接通过网络层发送至服务器c1~c4,由服务器分析,返回指令或和应用层交互。The data transmission of the Internet of Things mainly includes: data transmission of the sensing layer, the network layer, and the application layer. As shown in FIG. 1 , the sensors b1 to b3 of the sensing layer collect the working data in the bottom devices a1 to a4, including: operating data of the terminal device, alarm data, control commands, and the like. The aggregation node is directly sent to the servers c1 to c4 through the network layer, and is analyzed by the server, and returns instructions or interacts with the application layer.
在感知层中,汇聚节点用于收集各个传感器的数据,通过传输协议,传输至网络层。In the sensing layer, the aggregation node collects data of each sensor and transmits it to the network layer through a transmission protocol.
目前的汇聚节点收集转发的数据较多,导致网络层的数据较量增加时,容易出现网络的拥塞。At present, the aggregation node collects and forwards more data, which leads to network congestion when the data level of the network layer increases.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种物联网降低网络拥塞的方法及路由器。To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a method and a router for reducing Internet congestion in the Internet of Things.
本发明的实施例提供一种物联网降低网络拥塞的方法,所述方法包括:Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for reducing network congestion in an Internet of Things, the method comprising:
采用具有操作系统的汇聚节点,接收来自服务器的数据规则信息;Receiving data rule information from the server by using an aggregation node having an operating system;
解析所述数据规则信息中,每组设备ID集合对应的数据采集名称、预定的传输时间;Parsing, in the data rule information, a data collection name corresponding to each set of device IDs, and a predetermined transmission time;
按照所述设备ID对应的数据采集名称采集数据;Collecting data according to the data collection name corresponding to the device ID;
根据当前网络的拥塞状况、以及所述预定的传输时间,传输所述采集的数据。The collected data is transmitted according to a current congestion condition of the network and the predetermined transmission time.
通过上述的步骤,汇聚节点按照服务器设置的数据规则信息,在多种工作数据中,根据数据采集名称选择部分的数据,按照预定的发送时间,传输至服务器,在数据的传输量、以及传输时间两方面调整了网络的数据量,从而有效降低了网络的拥塞。Through the above steps, the aggregation node selects part of the data according to the data collection name according to the data rule information set by the server, and transmits the data to the server according to the predetermined transmission time, the data transmission amount, and the transmission time. Two aspects adjust the amount of data on the network, thus effectively reducing network congestion.
进一步地,所述预定的传输时间,包括:预定的传输时刻、预定的最迟截止传输时刻。Further, the predetermined transmission time includes: a predetermined transmission time, and a predetermined latest transmission time.
进一步地,按照预定的传输时刻,传输采集的数据包括:Further, according to the predetermined transmission time, transmitting the collected data includes:
在所述传输时刻,如果当前网络中拥塞窗口cwnd>慢启动阈值ssthresh,则 所述汇聚节点发送调整传输时间的请求;At the moment of transmission, if the congestion window cwnd> slow start threshold ssthresh in the current network, then Sending, by the aggregation node, a request for adjusting a transmission time;
所述汇聚节点接收到调整后的传输时间后,按照调整后的传输时间发送数据。After receiving the adjusted transmission time, the aggregation node sends data according to the adjusted transmission time.
实施例中,按照预定的发送时刻,传输至服务器。在发送时,通过网络参数的判断,及时调整传输时刻,从而有效降低了网络的拥塞。In the embodiment, it is transmitted to the server according to a predetermined transmission time. At the time of transmission, the transmission time is adjusted in time by the judgment of the network parameters, thereby effectively reducing network congestion.
进一步地,按照预定的最迟截止传输时刻,传输采集的数据包括:Further, transmitting the collected data according to the predetermined latest cutoff transmission time includes:
确定剩余的传输时间内,估算多个发送时刻t的网络拥塞的系数PtDetermining the remaining transmission time, estimating a coefficient P t of network congestion at a plurality of transmission times t ;
Figure PCTCN2017097576-appb-000001
其中,N为当前时刻之前的x时间段内,发送的数据包数量,s为cwnd或ssthresh重置的次数;x的时间段长度,为当前时刻与最迟截止传输时刻之间的时间;α为膨胀因子系数;e为自然常数;
Figure PCTCN2017097576-appb-000001
Where N is the number of data packets transmitted in the x time period before the current time, s is the number of times cwnd or ssthresh is reset; the length of the time period of x is the time between the current time and the latest cutoff transmission time; Is the coefficient of expansion factor; e is a natural constant;
选择系数最低的时刻发送数据。Send data at the moment when the selection coefficient is lowest.
在发送时,通过网络参数的判断,预估未来时间段的不同时刻的拥塞系数,按照拥塞系数最低的时刻发送,由于各个数据在发送之前,已经排列了传输的时间,避免了集中的发送,从而有效降低了网络的拥塞。At the time of transmission, the congestion coefficient at different times in the future time period is estimated by the judgment of the network parameters, and is transmitted according to the time when the congestion coefficient is the lowest. Since each data is arranged before the transmission, the transmission time is avoided, and centralized transmission is avoided. Thereby effectively reducing network congestion.
进一步地,为所述数据采集名称标记优先级;Further, a priority is marked for the data collection name;
当同一时刻存在多个需要发送的数据,发送优先级最高的数据;When there are multiple data to be sent at the same time, the data with the highest priority is transmitted;
或,当网络拥塞无法发送数据,通过短信传输优先级最高的数据。Or, when the network is congested, the data cannot be sent, and the highest priority data is transmitted through the short message.
由于短信采用的协议为7号信令协议,相对于internet网,具有更快的实时性,有效缩短时延。Since the protocol adopted by the short message is the No. 7 signaling protocol, it has faster real-time performance than the internet network, and effectively shortens the delay.
本发明的实施例还提供一种物联网降低网络拥塞的路由器,所述路由器包括处理器;Embodiments of the present invention also provide a router for reducing network congestion in an Internet of Things, the router including a processor;
所述处理器包括:The processor includes:
接收模块,接收来自服务器的数据规则信息;a receiving module, receiving data rule information from a server;
解析模块,解析所述数据规则信息中,每组设备ID集合对应的数据采集名称、预定的传输时间;The parsing module parses, in the data rule information, a data collection name corresponding to each set of device IDs, and a predetermined transmission time;
采集模块,按照所述设备ID对应的数据采集名称采集数据;The collecting module collects data according to the data collection name corresponding to the device ID;
发送模块,根据当前网络的拥塞状况、以及所述预定的传输时间,传输所述采集的数据。The sending module transmits the collected data according to a current network congestion condition and the predetermined transmission time.
通过上述的步骤,汇聚节点按照服务器设置的数据规则信息,在多种工作数据中,根据数据采集名称选择部分的数据,按照预定的发送时间,传输至服务器,在数据的传输量、以及传输时间两方面调整了网络的数据量,从而有效降低了网络的拥塞。Through the above steps, the aggregation node selects part of the data according to the data collection name according to the data rule information set by the server, and transmits the data to the server according to the predetermined transmission time, the data transmission amount, and the transmission time. Two aspects adjust the amount of data on the network, thus effectively reducing network congestion.
进一步地,所述发送模块包括:Further, the sending module includes:
第一发送模块,当所述预定的传输时间为传输时刻,如果当前网络中cwnd>ssthresh,则发送调整传输时间的请求;a first sending module, when the predetermined transmission time is a transmission time, if cwnd>ssthresh in the current network, sending a request for adjusting the transmission time;
接收到调整后的传输时间后,按照调整后的传输时间发送数据。After receiving the adjusted transmission time, the data is transmitted according to the adjusted transmission time.
实施例中,按照预定的发送时刻,传输至服务器。在发送时,通过网络参数 的判断,及时调整传输时刻,从而有效降低了网络的拥塞。In the embodiment, it is transmitted to the server according to a predetermined transmission time. Through the network parameters when sending Judging, timely adjusting the transmission time, thus effectively reducing network congestion.
进一步地,所述发送模块还包括:Further, the sending module further includes:
第二发送模块,当所述预定的传输时间为预定的最迟截止传输时刻,确定剩余的传输时间内,估算多个发送时刻t的网络拥塞的系数Pta second sending module, when the predetermined transmission time is a predetermined latest cutoff transmission time, determining a remaining transmission time, estimating a coefficient P t of network congestion at a plurality of transmission times t ;
Figure PCTCN2017097576-appb-000002
其中,N为当前时刻之前的x时间段内,发送的数据包数量,s为cwnd或ssthresh重置的次数;x的时间段长度,为当前时刻与最迟截止传输时刻之间的时间;α为膨胀因子系数;
Figure PCTCN2017097576-appb-000002
Where N is the number of data packets transmitted in the x time period before the current time, s is the number of times cwnd or ssthresh is reset; the length of the time period of x is the time between the current time and the latest cutoff transmission time; Is the coefficient of expansion factor;
选择系数最低的时刻发送数据。Send data at the moment when the selection coefficient is lowest.
在发送时,通过网络参数的判断,预估未来时间段的不同时刻的拥塞系数,按照拥塞系数最低的时刻发送,由于各个数据在发送之前,已经排列了传输的时间,避免了集中的发送,从而有效降低了网络的拥塞。At the time of transmission, the congestion coefficient at different times in the future time period is estimated by the judgment of the network parameters, and is transmitted according to the time when the congestion coefficient is the lowest. Since each data is arranged before the transmission, the transmission time is avoided, and centralized transmission is avoided. Thereby effectively reducing network congestion.
进一步地,所述处理器还包括:Further, the processor further includes:
标记模块,为所述数据采集名称标记优先级;Marking a module, marking a priority of the data collection name;
当存在多个需要发送的数据,在系数最低的时刻发送优先级最高的数据。When there are multiple data to be transmitted, the data with the highest priority is transmitted at the time when the coefficient is the lowest.
进一步地,所述路由器还包括:Further, the router further includes:
移动通信模块,当网络拥塞无法发送数据,通过短信传输优先级最高的数据。或当标记模块需要优先传送的同一级优先级的数据超过2个时,发送其中部分的数据。The mobile communication module transmits the highest priority data through the short message when the network is congested and cannot send data. Or when the tag module needs to transmit more than 2 data of the same level of priority, the part of the data is sent.
由于短信采用的协议为7号信令协议,相对于internet网,具有更快的实时性,有效缩短重要数据的时延。Since the protocol adopted by the short message is the No. 7 signaling protocol, it has faster real-time performance than the internet network, and effectively shortens the delay of important data.
通过上述的方案,汇聚节点按照服务器设置的数据规则信息,在多种工作数据中,根据数据采集名称选择部分的数据,按照预定的发送时间,传输至服务器,在数据的传输量、以及传输时间两方面调整了网络的数据量,从而有效降低了网络的拥塞。Through the above solution, the aggregation node selects part of the data according to the data collection name according to the data rule information set by the server, and transmits the data to the server according to the predetermined transmission time, the data transmission amount, and the transmission time. Two aspects adjust the amount of data on the network, thus effectively reducing network congestion.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1为现有技术中的物联网系统架构图;1 is a structural diagram of an Internet of Things system in the prior art;
图2为本发明实施例提供的物联网降低网络拥塞的方法流程图;2 is a flowchart of a method for reducing network congestion of the Internet of Things according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例提供的预定传输时间的物联网降低网络拥塞的方法流程图;FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for reducing network congestion in an Internet of Things with a predetermined transmission time according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
图4为本发明实施例提供的另一个预定传输时间的物联网降低网络拥塞的方法流程图;FIG. 4 is a flowchart of another method for reducing network congestion in the Internet of Things with predetermined transmission time according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
图5为本发明实施例中不同时刻的拥塞系数的时序状态图;5 is a timing state diagram of congestion coefficients at different times in an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例提供的采用优先级传输数据的物联网降低网络拥塞的方法流程图; 6 is a flowchart of a method for reducing network congestion by using an Internet of Things with priority transmission data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例提供的物联网降低网络拥塞的路由器结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a router for reducing network congestion in the Internet of Things according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下描述中,为了说明而不是为了限定,提出了诸如特定系统结构、接口、技术之类的具体细节,以便透切理解本发明。然而,本领域的技术人员应当清楚,在没有这些具体细节的其它实施例中也可以实现本发明。在其它情况中,省略对众所周知的系统、电路以及方法的详细说明,以免不必要的细节妨碍本发明的描述。In the following description, for purposes of illustration and description However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the invention.
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种物联网降低网络拥塞的方法的流程图,包括以下步骤:2 is a flowchart of a method for reducing network congestion in an Internet of Things according to an embodiment of the present invention, including the following steps:
S11:采用具有操作系统的汇聚节点,接收来自服务器的数据规则信息;S11: adopting an aggregation node with an operating system, and receiving data rule information from the server;
在实施例中,汇聚节点收集各个终端的工作数据,工作数据由感应器感知,采用路由器作为汇聚节点实现收集各个感应器的数据。同时,也接收来自服务器的数据规则信息,并将规则信息存储在自身。In an embodiment, the sink node collects work data of each terminal, and the work data is sensed by the sensor, and the router is used as a sink node to collect data of each sensor. At the same time, it also receives data rule information from the server and stores the rule information in itself.
S12:解析所述数据规则信息中,每组设备ID集合对应的数据采集名称、预定的传输时间;S12: Parse the data collection name and the predetermined transmission time corresponding to each set of device IDs in the data rule information;
为降低网络拥塞,服务器会根据用户的需求,挑选相对应需要的数据,根据采集时间、终端设备的工作状态,不断更新数据规则信息,从而实现不同时间选择不同的数据。例如,对于采暖设备,在用户返回住所之前,处于负荷非常低的工作状态,服务器只需要采集当前采暖设备是否保持在最低的恒定温度即可,不必采集其他的工作的数据。汇聚节点在解析到规则信息后,可通过解析的结果,为服务器进行选择。To reduce network congestion, the server selects the corresponding data according to the user's needs, and continuously updates the data rule information according to the collection time and the working state of the terminal device, so as to select different data at different times. For example, for heating equipment, before the user returns to the residence, in a very low load working state, the server only needs to collect whether the current heating equipment is kept at the lowest constant temperature, and does not need to collect other working data. After the aggregation node resolves the rule information, it can select the server by parsing the result.
例如,对于电厂的发电设备,到了凌晨以后,用电量下降很多,此时应用层的终端、或服务器所需要采集的数据也相应减少很多。有些终端设备处于待机状态状态,服务器对类似这种状态的终端设备,需要的数据相对于工作状态的数据量,减少很多。只需要采集一些常规的告警、待机时间、待机状态等数据;很多工作数据可以根据待机状态舍去。For example, for the power generation equipment of the power plant, after the early morning, the power consumption drops a lot, and the data collected by the application layer terminal or the server is also reduced accordingly. Some terminal devices are in a standby state, and the amount of data required by the server for a terminal device like this state relative to the working state is greatly reduced. Only need to collect some regular alarms, standby time, standby status and other data; many work data can be discarded according to the standby state.
由于不同的时间,用户的需求不同,各个终端设备所提供的数据也不同,有些采集的数据,属于不需要实时发送的数据,服务器侧可通过加入预定的传输时间的方式,告知汇聚节点预定的发送时间,从而降低网络的拥塞。Due to different time and different user requirements, the data provided by each terminal device is different. Some collected data belong to data that does not need to be sent in real time. The server side can inform the aggregation node by adding a predetermined transmission time. Send time to reduce network congestion.
S13:按照所述设备ID对应的数据采集名称采集数据;S13: collect data according to the data collection name corresponding to the device ID.
例如,对于空调设备,不同型号可能需要监控的数据不同。对于室内空调,需要监控压缩机负载,当前出风口温度等,对于水冷空调,还需要监控水温等数据。For example, for air conditioning equipment, different models may need to monitor different data. For indoor air conditioners, it is necessary to monitor the compressor load, the current outlet temperature, etc. For water-cooled air conditioners, it is also necessary to monitor the water temperature and other data.
此时,对于室内空调的ID的集合,需要采集的数据字段为:压缩机负载、出风口温度;对于水冷空调的ID的集合,需要采集的数据为:压缩机负载、出 风口温度、进水口温度、出水口温度。At this time, for the set of IDs of the indoor air conditioner, the data fields to be collected are: compressor load and outlet temperature; for the set of IDs of the water-cooled air conditioner, the data to be collected is: compressor load, out Tuyere temperature, inlet temperature, outlet temperature.
S14:根据当前网络的拥塞状况、以及所述预定的传输时间,传输所述采集的数据。S14: Transmit the collected data according to a current network congestion condition and the predetermined transmission time.
通过上述的步骤,汇聚节点按照服务器设置的数据规则信息,在多种工作数据中,根据数据采集名称选择部分的数据,按照预定的发送时间,传输至服务器,在数据的传输量、以及传输时间两方面调整了网络的数据量,从而有效降低了网络的拥塞。Through the above steps, the aggregation node selects part of the data according to the data collection name according to the data rule information set by the server, and transmits the data to the server according to the predetermined transmission time, the data transmission amount, and the transmission time. Two aspects adjust the amount of data on the network, thus effectively reducing network congestion.
通过上述的方案,在上述的方案实现过程中,预定的传输时间有多种实现方式,下面通过两个实施例详细说明。Through the foregoing solution, in the implementation process of the foregoing solution, the predetermined transmission time has multiple implementation manners, which are described in detail below through two embodiments.
一个实施例用于解释说明当预定的传输时间为固定的传输时刻,实施例中的方法流程如下:One embodiment is for explaining that when the predetermined transmission time is a fixed transmission time, the method flow in the embodiment is as follows:
参见图3所示的流程图:包括:See the flow chart shown in Figure 3: including:
S21:采用具有操作系统的汇聚节点,接收来自服务器的数据规则信息;S21: Receive a data rule information from a server by using an aggregation node with an operating system;
在实施例中,汇聚节点收集各个终端的工作数据,工作数据由感应器感知,采用路由器作为汇聚节点实现收集各个感应器的数据。同时,也接收来自服务器的数据规则信息,并将规则信息存储在自身。In an embodiment, the sink node collects work data of each terminal, and the work data is sensed by the sensor, and the router is used as a sink node to collect data of each sensor. At the same time, it also receives data rule information from the server and stores the rule information in itself.
S22:解析所述数据规则信息中,每组设备ID集合对应的数据采集名称、预定的传输时刻;S22: Parsing, in the data rule information, a data collection name corresponding to each set of device IDs, and a predetermined transmission time;
为降低网络拥塞,服务器会根据用户的需求,挑选相对应需要的数据,根据采集时间、终端设备的工作状态,不断更新数据规则信息,从而实现不同时间选择不同的数据。例如,对于采暖设备,在用户返回住所之前,处于负荷非常低的工作状态,服务器只需要采集当前采暖设备是否保持在最低的恒定温度即可,不必采集其他的工作的数据。汇聚节点在解析到规则信息后,可通过解析的结果,为服务器进行选择。To reduce network congestion, the server selects the corresponding data according to the user's needs, and continuously updates the data rule information according to the collection time and the working state of the terminal device, so as to select different data at different times. For example, for heating equipment, before the user returns to the residence, in a very low load working state, the server only needs to collect whether the current heating equipment is kept at the lowest constant temperature, and does not need to collect other working data. After the aggregation node resolves the rule information, it can select the server by parsing the result.
S23:按照所述设备ID对应的数据采集名称采集数据;S23: Collect data according to the data collection name corresponding to the device ID.
例如,对于空调设备,不同型号可能需要监控的数据不同。对于室内空调,需要监控压缩机负载,当前出风口温度等,对于水冷空调,还需要监控水温等数据。For example, for air conditioning equipment, different models may need to monitor different data. For indoor air conditioners, it is necessary to monitor the compressor load, the current outlet temperature, etc. For water-cooled air conditioners, it is also necessary to monitor the water temperature and other data.
此时,对于室内空调的ID,需要采集的数据字段为:压缩机负载、出风口温度;对于水冷空调的ID,需要采集的数据为:压缩机负载、出风口温度、进水口温度、出水口温度。At this time, for the ID of the indoor air conditioner, the data fields to be collected are: compressor load and outlet temperature; for the ID of the water-cooled air conditioner, the data to be collected is: compressor load, outlet temperature, inlet temperature, outlet temperature.
S24:在所述传输时刻,判断参数拥塞窗口cwnd,如果cwnd>慢启动阈值ssthresh,则执行S25,否则执行S26;S24: at the transmission time, determine the parameter congestion window cwnd, if cwnd> slow start threshold ssthresh, then execute S25, otherwise execute S26;
S25:如果当前网络中cwnd>ssthresh,则所述汇聚节点发送调整传输时间的请求;S25: If the current network is cwnd>ssthresh, the sink node sends a request for adjusting the transmission time;
在TCP网络中,当cwnd>ssthresh,网络系统将进入拥塞处理状态,此时, 需要重新调整传输时刻。In a TCP network, when cwnd>ssthresh, the network system will enter the congestion processing state. At this time, Need to re-adjust the transmission time.
所述汇聚节点接收到调整后的传输时刻后,按照调整后的传输时间发送数据。After receiving the adjusted transmission time, the aggregation node sends data according to the adjusted transmission time.
S26:汇聚节点按照预定的传输时刻发送。S26: The aggregation node sends according to a predetermined transmission moment.
通过上述的步骤,汇聚节点按照服务器设置的数据规则信息,在多种工作数据中,根据数据采集名称选择部分的数据,按照预定的发送时刻,传输至服务器。在发送时,通过网络参数的判断,及时调整传输时刻,从而有效降低了网络的拥塞。Through the above steps, the aggregation node selects part of the data according to the data collection name according to the data rule information set by the server, and transmits the data to the server according to the predetermined transmission time according to the data of the data collection name. At the time of transmission, the transmission time is adjusted in time by the judgment of the network parameters, thereby effectively reducing network congestion.
本发明的另一个实施例用于解释说明当预定的传输时间为预定的最迟截止传输时刻,实施例的方法的流程如下:Another embodiment of the present invention is for explaining the flow of the method of the embodiment when the predetermined transmission time is the predetermined latest cutoff transmission time:
参见图4所示的流程图:包括:See the flow chart shown in Figure 4: including:
S31:采用具有操作系统的汇聚节点,接收来自服务器的数据规则信息;S31: Receive a data rule information from the server by using an aggregation node with an operating system;
在实施例中,汇聚节点收集各个终端的工作数据,工作数据由感应器感知,采用路由器作为汇聚节点实现收集各个感应器的数据。同时,也接收来自服务器的数据规则信息,并将规则信息存储在自身。In an embodiment, the sink node collects work data of each terminal, and the work data is sensed by the sensor, and the router is used as a sink node to collect data of each sensor. At the same time, it also receives data rule information from the server and stores the rule information in itself.
S32:解析所述数据规则信息中,每组设备ID集合对应的数据采集名称、预定的传输时间;S32: Parsing, in the data rule information, a data collection name corresponding to each set of device IDs, and a predetermined transmission time;
为降低网络拥塞,服务器会根据用户的需求,挑选相对应需要的数据,根据采集时间、终端设备的工作状态,不断更新数据规则信息,从而实现不同时间选择不同的数据。例如,对于采暖设备,在用户返回住所之前,处于负荷非常低的工作状态,服务器只需要采集当前采暖设备是否保持在最低的恒定温度即可,不必采集其他的工作的数据。汇聚节点在解析到规则信息后,可通过解析的结果,为服务器进行选择。To reduce network congestion, the server selects the corresponding data according to the user's needs, and continuously updates the data rule information according to the collection time and the working state of the terminal device, so as to select different data at different times. For example, for heating equipment, before the user returns to the residence, in a very low load working state, the server only needs to collect whether the current heating equipment is kept at the lowest constant temperature, and does not need to collect other working data. After the aggregation node resolves the rule information, it can select the server by parsing the result.
由于不同的时间,用户的需求不同,各个终端设备所提供的数据也不同,有些采集的数据,属于不需要实时发送的数据,服务器侧可通过加入预定的传输时间的方式,告知汇聚节点预定的发送时间,从而降低网络的拥塞。Due to different time and different user requirements, the data provided by each terminal device is different. Some collected data belong to data that does not need to be sent in real time. The server side can inform the aggregation node by adding a predetermined transmission time. Send time to reduce network congestion.
S33:按照所述设备ID对应的数据采集名称采集数据;S33: Collect data according to the data collection name corresponding to the device ID.
例如,对于空调设备,不同型号可能需要监控的数据不同。对于室内空调,需要监控压缩机负载,当前出风口温度等,对于水冷空调,还需要监控水温等数据。For example, for air conditioning equipment, different models may need to monitor different data. For indoor air conditioners, it is necessary to monitor the compressor load, the current outlet temperature, etc. For water-cooled air conditioners, it is also necessary to monitor the water temperature and other data.
此时,对于室内空调的ID,需要采集的数据字段为:压缩机负载、出风口温度;对于水冷空调的ID,需要采集的数据为:压缩机负载、出风口温度、进水口温度、出水口温度。At this time, for the ID of the indoor air conditioner, the data fields to be collected are: compressor load and outlet temperature; for the ID of the water-cooled air conditioner, the data to be collected is: compressor load, outlet temperature, inlet temperature, outlet temperature.
S34:根据当前网络的拥塞状况,预估在最迟截止传输时刻之间的剩余传输时间内的网络状况,传输所述采集的数据。S34: Estimating the network condition in the remaining transmission time between the latest cutoff transmission time according to the current network congestion condition, and transmitting the collected data.
在实施例中,之后网络的拥塞状况,可通过之前的拥塞状况预估,由于拥塞出现在时间上具有一定的周期性,采用以下公式估算,剩余的传输时间内,多个 发送时刻t的网络拥塞的系数PtIn the embodiment, the congestion condition of the network can be estimated by the previous congestion condition. Since the congestion has a certain periodicity in time, the following formula is used to estimate, and the remaining transmission time, multiple networks at the time t Congestion coefficient P t ;
Figure PCTCN2017097576-appb-000003
其中,s为当前时刻之前的剩余时间段x内,cwnd或ssthresh重置的次数,N为当前时刻之前的时间段x内,发送的数据包数量;x为时间段长度,为当前时刻与预定的最迟截止传输时刻内的传输时刻之间的时间;α为膨胀因子系数;由于不同的设备或时间段传输的数据量不同,α作为膨胀因子,可选择α的范围为0.5~1.2。
Figure PCTCN2017097576-appb-000003
Where s is the number of times cwnd or ssthresh is reset in the remaining time period x before the current time, N is the number of data packets sent in the time period x before the current time; x is the length of the time segment, which is the current time and the predetermined time. The time between the transmission moments in the latest cut-off transmission time; α is the expansion factor coefficient; α is the expansion factor, and the range of α can be selected from 0.5 to 1.2 due to the difference in the amount of data transmitted by different devices or time periods.
在实施例中,网络的拥塞状态,通过cwnd、ssthresh的大小确定,当然,还可考虑别的参数,如RTT的时间等。In an embodiment, the congestion state of the network is determined by the size of cwnd and ssthresh. Of course, other parameters, such as the time of the RTT, may also be considered.
cwnd在设定初始值后,会随着丢包逐步增加;ssthresh在设定初始值后,也会伴随cwnd的数值的增加而重置,因此二者均可作为拥塞参数。tcp协议中用于拥塞的解决方案,采用降低发送数据包的数量。这样的方案,可短时间调整了网络中的数据包的数量,却降低了的数据包的发送量。采用实施例中根据拥塞系数的方案,可通过预定的传输时间,动态调节网络中传输的数据包的数量。传输时间,可由汇聚节点确定,也可以由服务器确定。After setting the initial value, cwnd will gradually increase with the loss of packets; after setting the initial value, ssthresh will also be reset with the increase of the value of cwnd, so both can be used as congestion parameters. The solution for congestion in the tcp protocol uses a reduction in the number of packets sent. Such a scheme can adjust the number of data packets in the network in a short time, but reduces the amount of data packets sent. According to the scheme according to the congestion coefficient in the embodiment, the number of data packets transmitted in the network can be dynamically adjusted through a predetermined transmission time. The transmission time can be determined by the aggregation node or by the server.
系数α可根据应用的不同的网络终端进行调节,对于工业项目的管理设备,如工厂生产线、污水处理厂、钢铁厂等,系数可调节至1.0~1.2,提高拥塞系数;对于农业项目、生活设备的管理,由于数据量较小,系数可调节至1以下,降低拥塞系数。可通过对不同管理设备,进行分类,调整相应的拥塞系数。经过网络测试,在没有采用实施例的方法,数据中断次数多达每小时25~35次,通过实施例的方案,下降到10次以下;可有效调整网络的拥塞。The coefficient α can be adjusted according to different network terminals of the application. For industrial project management equipment, such as factory production lines, sewage treatment plants, steel plants, etc., the coefficient can be adjusted to 1.0-1.2 to improve the congestion coefficient; for agricultural projects and living equipment Management, due to the small amount of data, the coefficient can be adjusted to below 1, reducing the congestion factor. The corresponding congestion factor can be adjusted by classifying different management devices. After the network test, the number of data interruptions is as high as 25 to 35 times per hour without using the method of the embodiment, and is reduced to less than 10 times by the scheme of the embodiment; the network congestion can be effectively adjusted.
参见图5,示出了不同发送时刻的不同系数,例如,最迟截止传输时刻为t,当前时刻为0,则时间段长度为x,此时间长度发送的数据包的数量为Nx,在最迟截止传输时刻出现拥塞的系数为Pt;时刻t-1出现的拥塞的系数为Pt-1,时刻t-2出现的拥塞系数为Pt-2。Referring to FIG. 5, different coefficients of different transmission moments are shown. For example, the latest cutoff transmission time is t, the current time is 0, and the time period length is x. The number of data packets sent in this time length is Nx, at the most The coefficient of congestion at the late cut-off transmission time is Pt; the coefficient of congestion occurring at time t-1 is Pt-1, and the congestion coefficient appearing at time t-2 is Pt-2.
S35:根据多个发送时刻的拥塞系数Pt,选择系数最低的时刻发送数据。S35: Transmit data according to a congestion coefficient Pt at a plurality of transmission times and a time when the selection coefficient is the lowest.
通过上述的步骤,汇聚节点按照服务器设置的数据规则信息,在多种工作数据中,根据数据采集名称选择部分的数据,传输至服务器。在发送时,通过网络参数的判断,预估未来时间段的不同时刻的拥塞系数,按照拥塞系数最低的时刻发送,由于各个数据在发送之前,已经排列了传输的时间,避免了集中的发送,从而有效降低了网络的拥塞。Through the above steps, the aggregation node selects part of the data according to the data collection name and transmits it to the server according to the data rule information set by the server. At the time of transmission, the congestion coefficient at different times in the future time period is estimated by the judgment of the network parameters, and is transmitted according to the time when the congestion coefficient is the lowest. Since each data is arranged before the transmission, the transmission time is avoided, and centralized transmission is avoided. Thereby effectively reducing network congestion.
由于网络的不确定性,即使采用上述实施例的方案,依然会存在数据延时发送的情况,为消除情况,可通过加入优先级标签的形式,提前发送优先级较高的数据。Due to the uncertainty of the network, even if the solution of the foregoing embodiment is used, there is still a case where the data is delayed. In order to eliminate the situation, the data with higher priority can be sent in advance by adding a priority label.
本发明的实施例用于解释说明采用优先级的形式发送数据的过程,实施例的方法的流程如下:The embodiments of the present invention are used to explain the process of transmitting data in the form of priority. The flow of the method of the embodiment is as follows:
参见图6所示的流程图:包括: See the flow chart shown in Figure 6: including:
S41:采用具有操作系统的汇聚节点,接收来自服务器的数据规则信息;S41: Receive a data rule information from the server by using an aggregation node with an operating system;
在实施例中,汇聚节点收集各个终端的工作数据,工作数据由感应器感知,采用路由器作为汇聚节点实现收集各个感应器的数据。同时,也接收来自服务器的数据规则信息,并将规则信息存储在自身。In an embodiment, the sink node collects work data of each terminal, and the work data is sensed by the sensor, and the router is used as a sink node to collect data of each sensor. At the same time, it also receives data rule information from the server and stores the rule information in itself.
S42:解析所述数据规则信息中,每组设备ID集合对应的数据采集名称及其优先级、预定的传输时间;S42: Parsing, in the data rule information, a data collection name corresponding to each set of device IDs, a priority thereof, and a predetermined transmission time;
为降低网络拥塞,服务器会根据用户的需求,挑选相对应需要的数据,根据采集时间、终端设备的工作状态,不断更新数据规则信息,从而实现不同时间选择不同的数据。例如,对于采暖设备,在用户返回住所之前,处于负荷非常低的工作状态,服务器只需要采集当前采暖设备是否保持在最低的恒定温度即可,不必采集其他的工作的数据。汇聚节点在解析到规则信息后,可通过解析的结果,为服务器进行选择。To reduce network congestion, the server selects the corresponding data according to the user's needs, and continuously updates the data rule information according to the collection time and the working state of the terminal device, so as to select different data at different times. For example, for heating equipment, before the user returns to the residence, in a very low load working state, the server only needs to collect whether the current heating equipment is kept at the lowest constant temperature, and does not need to collect other working data. After the aggregation node resolves the rule information, it can select the server by parsing the result.
例如,对于电厂的发电设备,到了凌晨以后,用电量下降很多,此时应用层的终端、或服务器所需要采集的数据也相应减少很多。有些终端设备处于待机状态状态,服务器对类似这种状态的终端设备,需要的数据相对于工作状态的数据量,减少很多。只需要采集一些常规的告警、待机时间、待机状态等数据;很多工作数据可以根据待机状态舍去。For example, for the power generation equipment of the power plant, after the early morning, the power consumption drops a lot, and the data collected by the application layer terminal or the server is also reduced accordingly. Some terminal devices are in a standby state, and the amount of data required by the server for a terminal device like this state relative to the working state is greatly reduced. Only need to collect some regular alarms, standby time, standby status and other data; many work data can be discarded according to the standby state.
由于不同的时间,用户的需求不同,各个终端设备所提供的数据也不同,有些采集的数据,属于不需要实时发送的数据,服务器侧可通过加入预定的传输时间的方式,告知汇聚节点预定的发送时间,从而降低网络的拥塞。Due to different time and different user requirements, the data provided by each terminal device is different. Some collected data belong to data that does not need to be sent in real time. The server side can inform the aggregation node by adding a predetermined transmission time. Send time to reduce network congestion.
S43:按照所述设备ID对应的数据采集名称采集数据;S43: Collect data according to the data collection name corresponding to the device ID.
例如,对于空调设备,不同型号可能需要监控的数据不同。对于室内空调,需要监控压缩机负载,当前出风口温度等,对于水冷空调,还需要监控水温等数据。For example, for air conditioning equipment, different models may need to monitor different data. For indoor air conditioners, it is necessary to monitor the compressor load, the current outlet temperature, etc. For water-cooled air conditioners, it is also necessary to monitor the water temperature and other data.
此时,对于室内空调的ID,需要采集的数据字段为:压缩机负载、出风口温度;对于水冷空调的ID,需要采集的数据为:压缩机负载、出风口温度、进水口温度、出水口温度。At this time, for the ID of the indoor air conditioner, the data fields to be collected are: compressor load and outlet temperature; for the ID of the water-cooled air conditioner, the data to be collected is: compressor load, outlet temperature, inlet temperature, outlet temperature.
S44:根据当前网络的拥塞状况、在预定的传输时刻,优先传输优先级较高的数据;S44: preferentially transmit data with higher priority according to a current network congestion condition at a predetermined transmission time;
优先级较高的数据,通常包括设备告警数据、设备参数超越阈值的数据、失火、漏水数据等。The data with higher priority usually includes device alarm data, data whose device parameters exceed the threshold, misfire, water leakage data, and so on.
在实施例中,预定的传输时刻,包括上述实施例中,包括S26中,预定的传输时刻,也包括S25中,经过重新请求,反馈回的传输时刻。In the embodiment, the predetermined transmission time, including the foregoing embodiment, includes the predetermined transmission time in S26, and also includes the transmission time that is re-requested and fed back in S25.
预定的传输时刻,还包括S35中,经过运算后的,最低的拥塞系数所对应的传输时刻。The predetermined transmission time further includes the transmission time corresponding to the lowest congestion coefficient after the operation in S35.
例如:在系数Pt最低的时刻发送优先级最高的数据;由于各个数据采集名 称对应的数据,对于服务器或用户而言,对时序的要求不完全相同,可根据设定的优先级,调节各个数据的发送顺序,从而满足用户或服务器的需求。For example: the highest priority data is sent at the lowest time of the coefficient Pt; due to the individual data collection names The corresponding data is called for the server or the user. The timing requirements are not exactly the same. The order of sending each data can be adjusted according to the set priority, so as to meet the needs of the user or the server.
通过上述的步骤,汇聚节点按照服务器设置的数据规则信息,在多种工作数据中,根据数据采集名称选择部分的数据,传输至服务器。在发送时,由于存在多个需要发送的数据,不同的数据具有优先级,将优先级高的数据优先发送,有效降低了重要数据的时延。Through the above steps, the aggregation node selects part of the data according to the data collection name and transmits it to the server according to the data rule information set by the server. At the time of transmission, since there are a plurality of data to be transmitted, different data has a priority, and data with a high priority is preferentially transmitted, which effectively reduces the delay of important data.
优选地,本发明还包括当需要优先传送的同一级优先级的数据超过2个时,同时开通移动网络中的短信发送其中的部分数据,降低internet网络的拥塞;对于同一优先级的多个数据,可通过动态的网络匹配实现在移动网络、互联网络的分配。例如,根据服务器或用户对数据的请求次数、网络的当前负载、以及数据类型,将对应的数据通过短信发送。对于数据的请求次数高、互联网络的负载高、数据类型属于故障数据,通过移动网络的短信发送。Preferably, the present invention further includes: when more than two data of the same level of priority are required to be transmitted, simultaneously opening a part of data in the mobile network to transmit congestion, and reducing congestion of the internet network; and for multiple data of the same priority The allocation of mobile networks and internet networks can be realized through dynamic network matching. For example, according to the number of requests of the server or the user for the data, the current load of the network, and the data type, the corresponding data is sent by SMS. The number of requests for data is high, the load on the Internet is high, and the data type is fault data, which is sent via SMS on the mobile network.
网络严重拥塞时,也可通过短信传输优先级最高的数据。由于短信采用的协议为7号信令协议,相对于internet网,具有更快的实时性,有效缩短时延。When the network is heavily congested, the highest priority data can also be transmitted via SMS. Since the protocol adopted by the short message is the No. 7 signaling protocol, it has faster real-time performance than the internet network, and effectively shortens the delay.
相应地,本发明实施例还提供了一种物联网降低网络拥塞的路由器,参见图7,在实施例中,汇聚节点采用路由器实现,路由器包括:运行操作系统的处理器;Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a router for reducing network congestion in the Internet of Things. Referring to FIG. 7, in an embodiment, the sink node is implemented by using a router, and the router includes: a processor running an operating system;
所述处理器包括:The processor includes:
接收模块,接收来自服务器的数据规则信息;a receiving module, receiving data rule information from a server;
在实施例中,接收模块收集各个终端的工作数据,工作数据由感应器感知,采用路由器作为汇聚节点,通过接收模块实现收集各个感应器的数据。同时,也接收来自服务器的数据规则信息,并将规则信息存储在自身。In an embodiment, the receiving module collects working data of each terminal, and the working data is sensed by the sensor, and the router is used as a sink node, and the data of each sensor is collected by the receiving module. At the same time, it also receives data rule information from the server and stores the rule information in itself.
解析模块,解析所述数据规则信息中,每组设备ID集合对应的数据采集名称、预定的传输时间;The parsing module parses, in the data rule information, a data collection name corresponding to each set of device IDs, and a predetermined transmission time;
为降低网络拥塞,服务器会根据用户的需求,挑选相对应需要的数据,根据采集时间、终端设备的工作状态,不断更新数据规则信息,从而实现不同时间选择不同的数据。例如,对于采暖设备,在用户返回住所之前,处于负荷非常低的工作状态,服务器只需要采集当前采暖设备是否保持在最低的恒定温度即可,不必采集其他的工作的数据。汇聚节点在解析到规则信息后,可通过解析的结果,为服务器进行选择。To reduce network congestion, the server selects the corresponding data according to the user's needs, and continuously updates the data rule information according to the collection time and the working state of the terminal device, so as to select different data at different times. For example, for heating equipment, before the user returns to the residence, in a very low load working state, the server only needs to collect whether the current heating equipment is kept at the lowest constant temperature, and does not need to collect other working data. After the aggregation node resolves the rule information, it can select the server by parsing the result.
由于不同的时间,用户的需求不同,各个终端设备所提供的数据也不同,有些采集的数据,属于不需要实时发送的数据,服务器侧可通过加入预定的传输时间的方式,告知汇聚节点预定的发送时间,从而降低网络的拥塞。从而解析模块将数据规则信息中的数据采集名称、预定的传输时间解析出来。Due to different time and different user requirements, the data provided by each terminal device is different. Some collected data belong to data that does not need to be sent in real time. The server side can inform the aggregation node by adding a predetermined transmission time. Send time to reduce network congestion. Therefore, the parsing module parses the data collection name and the predetermined transmission time in the data rule information.
采集模块,按照所述设备ID对应的数据采集名称采集数据;The collecting module collects data according to the data collection name corresponding to the device ID;
例如,对于空调设备,不同型号可能需要监控的数据不同。对于室内空调, 需要监控压缩机负载,当前出风口温度等,对于水冷空调,还需要监控水温等数据。For example, for air conditioning equipment, different models may need to monitor different data. For indoor air conditioning, It is necessary to monitor the compressor load, the current outlet temperature, etc. For water-cooled air conditioners, it is also necessary to monitor the water temperature and other data.
此时,对于室内空调的ID,需要采集的数据字段为:压缩机负载、出风口温度;对于水冷空调的ID,需要采集的数据为:压缩机负载、出风口温度、进水口温度、出水口温度。At this time, for the ID of the indoor air conditioner, the data fields to be collected are: compressor load and outlet temperature; for the ID of the water-cooled air conditioner, the data to be collected is: compressor load, outlet temperature, inlet temperature, outlet temperature.
发送模块,根据当前网络的拥塞状况、以及所述预定的传输时间,传输所述采集的数据。The sending module transmits the collected data according to a current network congestion condition and the predetermined transmission time.
通过上述的处理器中的模块,路由器按照服务器设置的数据规则信息,在多种工作数据中,根据数据采集名称选择部分的数据,按照预定的发送时间,传输至服务器,在数据的传输量、以及传输时间两方面调整了网络的数据量,从而有效降低了网络的拥塞。Through the module in the processor, the router selects part of the data according to the data collection name according to the data rule information set by the server, and transmits the data to the server according to the predetermined transmission time, and the data transmission amount, And the transmission time adjusts the amount of data of the network in two aspects, thereby effectively reducing network congestion.
优选地,所述发送模块包括:Preferably, the sending module includes:
第一发送模块,当所述预定的传输时间为传输时刻,如果当前网络中cwnd>ssthresh,则发送调整传输时间的请求;a first sending module, when the predetermined transmission time is a transmission time, if cwnd>ssthresh in the current network, sending a request for adjusting the transmission time;
接收到调整后的传输时间后,按照调整后的传输时间发送数据。After receiving the adjusted transmission time, the data is transmitted according to the adjusted transmission time.
第一发送模块,按照预定的发送时刻,将数据传输至服务器。在发送时,通过网络参数的判断,及时调整传输时刻,从而有效降低了网络的拥塞。The first sending module transmits the data to the server according to a predetermined sending time. At the time of transmission, the transmission time is adjusted in time by the judgment of the network parameters, thereby effectively reducing network congestion.
优选地,所述发送模块还包括:Preferably, the sending module further includes:
第二发送模块,当所述预定的传输时间为预定的最迟截止传输时刻,确定剩余的传输时间内,估算多个发送时刻t的网络拥塞的系数Pta second sending module, when the predetermined transmission time is a predetermined latest cutoff transmission time, determining a remaining transmission time, estimating a coefficient P t of network congestion at a plurality of transmission times t ;
Figure PCTCN2017097576-appb-000004
其中,N为当前时刻之前的x时间段内,发送的数据包数量,s为cwnd或ssthresh重置的次数;x的时间段长度,为当前时刻与最迟截止传输时刻之间的时间;α为膨胀因子系数;可选择α的范围为0.5~1.2。选择系数最低对应的时刻发送数据。
Figure PCTCN2017097576-appb-000004
Where N is the number of data packets transmitted in the x time period before the current time, s is the number of times cwnd or ssthresh is reset; the length of the time period of x is the time between the current time and the latest cutoff transmission time; It is the coefficient of expansion factor; the range of α can be selected from 0.5 to 1.2. The data is transmitted at the time when the selection coefficient is the lowest.
在实施例中,网络的拥塞状态,通过cwnd、ssthresh的大小确定,当然,还可考虑别的参数,如RTT的时间等。In an embodiment, the congestion state of the network is determined by the size of cwnd and ssthresh. Of course, other parameters, such as the time of the RTT, may also be considered.
cwnd在设定初始值后,会随着丢包逐步增加;ssthresh在设定初始值后,也会伴随cwnd的数值的增加而重置,因此二者均可作为拥塞参数。tcp协议中用于拥塞的解决方案,采用降低发送数据包的数量。这样的方案,可短时间调整了网络中的数据包的数量,却降低了的数据包的发送量。采用实施例中根据拥塞系数的方案,可通过预定的传输时间,动态调节网络中传输的数据包的数量。传输时间,可由汇聚节点确定,也可以由服务器确定。After setting the initial value, cwnd will gradually increase with the loss of packets; after setting the initial value, ssthresh will also be reset with the increase of the value of cwnd, so both can be used as congestion parameters. The solution for congestion in the tcp protocol uses a reduction in the number of packets sent. Such a scheme can adjust the number of data packets in the network in a short time, but reduces the amount of data packets sent. According to the scheme according to the congestion coefficient in the embodiment, the number of data packets transmitted in the network can be dynamically adjusted through a predetermined transmission time. The transmission time can be determined by the aggregation node or by the server.
系数α可根据应用的不同的网络终端进行调节,对于工业项目的管理设备,系数可调节至1.0~1.2;对于农业项目、生活设备的管理,系数可调节至1以下。经过网络测试,可有效调整网络的拥塞。The coefficient α can be adjusted according to the different network terminals of the application. For the management equipment of the industrial project, the coefficient can be adjusted to 1.0 to 1.2; for the management of agricultural projects and living equipment, the coefficient can be adjusted to below 1. After network testing, the network congestion can be effectively adjusted.
通过上述的模块,按照服务器设置的数据规则信息,在多种工作数据中,根 据数据采集名称选择部分的数据,传输至服务器。在发送时,通过网络参数的判断,预估未来时间段的不同时刻的拥塞系数,按照拥塞系数最低的时刻发送,从而有效降低了网络的拥塞。Through the above modules, according to the data rule information set by the server, among the various work data, the root According to the data of the data collection name selection part, it is transmitted to the server. At the time of transmission, the congestion coefficient at different times in the future time period is estimated by the judgment of the network parameters, and is transmitted according to the time when the congestion coefficient is lowest, thereby effectively reducing network congestion.
由于网络的不确定性,即使采用上述实施例的方案,依然会存在数据延时发送的情况,为消除情况,可通过加入优先级标签的形式,提前发送优先级较高的数据。Due to the uncertainty of the network, even if the solution of the foregoing embodiment is used, there is still a case where the data is delayed. In order to eliminate the situation, the data with higher priority can be sent in advance by adding a priority label.
优选地,所述处理器还包括:Preferably, the processor further includes:
标记模块,为所述数据采集名称标记优先级;当同一时刻存在多个需要发送的数据,发送优先级最高的数据。当然,优先级还可由服务器预先标记,并存储在数据规则信息中,通过解析模块解析。优先级较高的数据,通常包括设备告警数据、设备参数超越阈值的数据、失火、漏水数据等。The marking module marks the data collection name with a priority; when there are multiple data to be sent at the same time, the data with the highest priority is transmitted. Of course, the priority can also be pre-marked by the server and stored in the data rule information and parsed by the parsing module. The data with higher priority usually includes device alarm data, data whose device parameters exceed the threshold, misfire, water leakage data, and so on.
当第一发送模块、第二发送模块在传输时刻需要传输数据时,标记模块发现存在有优先级的数据,会优先发送。以提高重要数据对于服务器或用户的快速响应。When the first sending module and the second sending module need to transmit data at the time of transmission, the marking module finds that there is priority data and sends the data preferentially. To improve the critical response of important data to servers or users.
在实施例中,预定的传输时刻,包括上述实施例中,包括第一发送模块中的预定的传输时刻,也包括经过重新请求,反馈回的传输时刻。In an embodiment, the predetermined transmission time, including the foregoing embodiment, includes a predetermined transmission time in the first sending module, and also includes a transmission time that is re-requested and fed back.
预定的传输时刻,还包括第二发送模块,经过运算后的,最低的拥塞系数所对应的传输时刻。The predetermined transmission time further includes a second transmission module, and the calculated transmission time corresponding to the lowest congestion coefficient.
例如:在系数Pt最低的时刻发送优先级最高的数据;由于各个数据采集名称对应的数据,对于服务器或用户而言,对时序的要求不完全相同,可根据设定的优先级,调节各个数据的发送顺序,从而满足用户或服务器的需求。For example, the data with the highest priority is transmitted at the time when the coefficient Pt is the lowest; the data corresponding to each data collection name is not exactly the same for the server or the user, and the data can be adjusted according to the set priority. The order of delivery to meet the needs of the user or server.
通过上述的步骤,汇聚节点按照服务器设置的数据规则信息,在多种工作数据中,根据数据采集名称选择部分的数据,传输至服务器。在发送时,由于存在多个需要发送的数据,不同的数据具有优先级,将优先级高的数据优先发送,有效降低了重要数据的时延。Through the above steps, the aggregation node selects part of the data according to the data collection name and transmits it to the server according to the data rule information set by the server. At the time of transmission, since there are a plurality of data to be transmitted, different data has a priority, and data with a high priority is preferentially transmitted, which effectively reduces the delay of important data.
优选地,所述路由器还包括:Preferably, the router further includes:
移动通信模块,当网络拥塞无法发送数据,通过短信传输优先级最高的数据,或当标记模块需要优先传送的同一级优先级的数据超过2个时,发送其中部分的数据。The mobile communication module transmits part of the data when the network congestion cannot transmit data, the highest priority data is transmitted through the short message, or when the tag module needs to transmit more than two priorities of the same priority.
例如:根据服务器或用户对数据的请求次数、网络的当前负载、以及数据类型,将对应的数据通过短信发送。对于数据的请求次数高、互联网络的负载高、数据类型属于故障数据,通过移动网络的短信发送。存在告警数据、失火数据时,则通过互联网传输告警数据,通过短信传输失火数据。For example, according to the number of requests of the server or the user for the data, the current load of the network, and the data type, the corresponding data is sent by SMS. The number of requests for data is high, the load on the Internet is high, and the data type is fault data, which is sent via SMS on the mobile network. When there is alarm data or misfire data, the alarm data is transmitted through the Internet, and the misfire data is transmitted through the short message.
当网络拥塞无法发送数据,通过短信传输优先级最高的数据。由于短信采用的协议为7号信令协议,相对于internet网,具有更快的实时性,有效缩短时延。When the network is congested and cannot send data, the highest priority data is transmitted through the short message. Since the protocol adopted by the short message is the No. 7 signaling protocol, it has faster real-time performance than the internet network, and effectively shortens the delay.
读者应理解,在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施 例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不必针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外,在不相互矛盾的情况下,本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。The reader should understand that in the description of this specification, reference is made to the terms "one embodiment", "some implementations" The description of the examples, "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In the present specification, the schematic representation of the above terms is not necessarily to the same embodiment or example, and the specific features, structures, materials or features described may be suitable in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples without the contradiction.
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,可以理解的是,上述实施例是示例性的,不能理解为对本发明的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The embodiments are subject to variations, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种物联网降低网络拥塞的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:A method for reducing network congestion in an Internet of Things, characterized in that the method comprises:
    汇聚节点接收来自服务器的数据规则信息;The aggregation node receives data rule information from the server;
    解析所述数据规则信息中,每组设备ID集合对应的数据采集名称、预定的传输时间;Parsing, in the data rule information, a data collection name corresponding to each set of device IDs, and a predetermined transmission time;
    按照所述设备ID对应的数据采集名称采集数据;Collecting data according to the data collection name corresponding to the device ID;
    根据当前网络的拥塞状况、以及所述预定的传输时间,传输所述采集的数据。The collected data is transmitted according to a current congestion condition of the network and the predetermined transmission time.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述预定的传输时间,包括:预定的传输时刻、预定的最迟截止传输时刻。The method according to claim 1, wherein said predetermined transmission time comprises: a predetermined transmission time, a predetermined latest cut-off transmission time.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,按照预定的传输时刻,传输采集的数据包括:The method according to claim 2, wherein transmitting the collected data according to a predetermined transmission time comprises:
    在所述传输时刻,如果当前网络中拥塞窗口cwnd>慢启动阈值ssthresh,则所述汇聚节点发送调整传输时间的请求;At the time of the transmission, if the congestion window cwnd>the slow start threshold ssthresh in the current network, the sink node sends a request to adjust the transmission time;
    所述汇聚节点接收到调整后的传输时间后,按照调整后的传输时间发送数据。After receiving the adjusted transmission time, the aggregation node sends data according to the adjusted transmission time.
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,按照预定的最迟截止传输时刻,传输采集的数据包括:The method according to claim 2, wherein transmitting the collected data according to a predetermined latest cutoff transmission time comprises:
    确定剩余的传输时间内,估算多个发送时刻t的网络拥塞的系数PtDetermining the remaining transmission time, estimating a coefficient P t of network congestion at a plurality of transmission times t ;
    Figure PCTCN2017097576-appb-100001
    其中,N为当前时刻之前的x时间段内,发送的数据包数量,s为cwnd或ssthresh重置的次数;x的时间段长度,为当前时刻与最迟截止传输时刻之间的时间;α为膨胀因子系数;e为自然常数;
    Figure PCTCN2017097576-appb-100001
    Where N is the number of data packets transmitted in the x time period before the current time, s is the number of times cwnd or ssthresh is reset; the length of the time period of x is the time between the current time and the latest cutoff transmission time; Is the coefficient of expansion factor; e is a natural constant;
    选择系数最低的时刻发送数据。Send data at the moment when the selection coefficient is lowest.
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的方法,其特征在于,为所述数据采集名称标记优先级;The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the data collection name is marked with a priority;
    当同一时刻存在多个需要发送的数据,发送优先级最高的数据;When there are multiple data to be sent at the same time, the data with the highest priority is transmitted;
    或,当网络拥塞无法发送数据,通过短信传输优先级最高的数据。Or, when the network is congested, the data cannot be sent, and the highest priority data is transmitted through the short message.
  6. 一种物联网降低网络拥塞的路由器,其特征在于,所述路由器包括:运行操作系统的处理器;A router for reducing network congestion in an Internet of Things, characterized in that the router comprises: a processor running an operating system;
    所述处理器包括:The processor includes:
    接收模块,接收来自服务器的数据规则信息;a receiving module, receiving data rule information from a server;
    解析模块,解析所述数据规则信息中,每组设备ID集合对应的数据采集名称、预定的传输时间;The parsing module parses, in the data rule information, a data collection name corresponding to each set of device IDs, and a predetermined transmission time;
    采集模块,按照所述设备ID对应的数据采集名称采集数据;The collecting module collects data according to the data collection name corresponding to the device ID;
    发送模块,根据当前网络的拥塞状况、以及所述预定的传输时间,传输所述采集的数据。The sending module transmits the collected data according to a current network congestion condition and the predetermined transmission time.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的路由器,其特征在于,所述发送模块包括: The router according to claim 6, wherein the sending module comprises:
    第一发送模块,当所述预定的传输时间为传输时刻,如果当前网络中cwnd>ssthresh,则发送调整传输时间的请求;a first sending module, when the predetermined transmission time is a transmission time, if cwnd>ssthresh in the current network, sending a request for adjusting the transmission time;
    接收到调整后的传输时间后,按照调整后的传输时间发送数据。After receiving the adjusted transmission time, the data is transmitted according to the adjusted transmission time.
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的路由器,其特征在于,The router of claim 6 wherein:
    所述发送模块还包括:The sending module further includes:
    第二发送模块,当所述预定的传输时间为预定的最迟截止传输时刻,确定剩余的传输时间内,估算多个发送时刻t的网络拥塞的系数Pta second sending module, when the predetermined transmission time is a predetermined latest cutoff transmission time, determining a remaining transmission time, estimating a coefficient P t of network congestion at a plurality of transmission times t ;
    Figure PCTCN2017097576-appb-100002
    其中,N为当前时刻之前的x时间段内,发送的数据包数量,s为cwnd或ssthresh重置的次数;x的时间段长度,为当前时刻与最迟截止传输时刻之间的时间;α为膨胀因子系数;
    Figure PCTCN2017097576-appb-100002
    Where N is the number of data packets transmitted in the x time period before the current time, s is the number of times cwnd or ssthresh is reset; the length of the time period of x is the time between the current time and the latest cutoff transmission time; Is the coefficient of expansion factor;
    选择系数最低的时刻发送数据。Send data at the moment when the selection coefficient is lowest.
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的路由器,其特征在于,所述处理器还包括:The router according to claim 6, wherein the processor further comprises:
    标记模块,为所述数据采集名称标记优先级;Marking a module, marking a priority of the data collection name;
    当存在多个需要发送的数据,在系数最低的时刻发送优先级最高的数据。When there are multiple data to be transmitted, the data with the highest priority is transmitted at the time when the coefficient is the lowest.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的路由器,其特征在于,所述路由器还包括:The router according to claim 9, wherein the router further comprises:
    移动通信模块,当网络拥塞无法发送数据,通过短信传输优先级最高的数据。 The mobile communication module transmits the highest priority data through the short message when the network is congested and cannot send data.
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