CN109787861B - Network data delay control method - Google Patents

Network data delay control method Download PDF

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CN109787861B
CN109787861B CN201910038264.9A CN201910038264A CN109787861B CN 109787861 B CN109787861 B CN 109787861B CN 201910038264 A CN201910038264 A CN 201910038264A CN 109787861 B CN109787861 B CN 109787861B
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黄雨
李俊涛
张世琨
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Peking University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0852—Delays
    • H04L43/0858—One way delays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0852—Delays
    • H04L43/0864—Round trip delays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
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Abstract

The invention discloses a network data delay control method, and relates to a networked data control technology. The technical scheme provided by the invention detects the delay difference of the network by setting the size data packet pair, analyzes and obtains the components of the delay irrelevant to the size of the data packet and the components relevant to the data packet, and can detect the relation between the delay and the size of the data packet, thereby realizing the control of the network delay by setting the size of the data packet.

Description

Network data delay control method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a networked data control technology, in particular to a network data delay control method.
Background
A networked control system is generally defined as a control system that forms a closed loop through a real-time network, and more specifically, refers to a collection of field test, control, and operation devices and communication lines in a certain area to provide data transmission between the devices, so that users at different locations in the area can share and coordinate resources. The concept of networked control systems began in the 8O's of the last century, as typified by the article by Ray et al. Since the 2l century, the development of network technology and communication technology has brought more and more attention to the actual networked control system, and has made a great development.
The communication network is introduced into the control system to connect the intelligent field device and the automation system, so that the field device distribution and networking are realized, and the connection between the field control and the upper management is strengthened. But at the same time, there is inevitably a delay in the transmission of information due to the addition of the network. For example, under a network protocol, packet congestion waiting, network idle detection, long-distance transmission, and the like.
The time delay is one of the main problems in the research of networked control systems, the data inevitably has transmission time delay on a transmission line, the data inevitably has processing time delay when being processed, and the transmission time delay and the processing time delay jointly form the network time delay. The network delay is influenced by many factors such as a network topology structure, a communication protocol adopted by the network, a routing algorithm, a load condition, a transmission rate and the like, and has the characteristics of fixed or random, bounded or unbounded.
The networked control system needs to utilize an existing wide area network, which is not designed for industrial applications and has low requirements for delay. The networked control system has a high requirement for delay, and if the existing wide area network technology is simply applied, the requirement of industrial application cannot be met. The existing delay control and period control technology has poor precision, and greatly limits the development of a networked control system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a network data delay control method, aiming at a network control system NCS, a delay difference of a network is detected by setting a size data packet pair, a component irrelevant to the size of a data packet and a component relevant to the data packet of the delay are obtained by analysis, and the relation between the delay and the size of the data packet can be detected, so that the delay is controlled by setting the size of the data packet.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a network data delay control method is provided, aiming at a network control system NCS, a delay difference of a network is detected by setting a large data packet pair and a small data packet pair, a component irrelevant to the size of a data packet and a component relevant to the size of the data packet are obtained by analysis, the relation between the delay and the size of the data packet is detected, and delay control is realized by setting the size of the data packet; the method comprises the following steps:
11) terminal equipment in the network control system periodically generates and sends test data packet pairs; setting that two test data packets which are paired with each other are generated each time, wherein one test data packet is a large data packet and the other test data packet is a small data packet, the size difference of the two data packets is required to be as large as possible, the size of the small data packet is set to be 64 bytes, and the size of the large data packet is set to be 1472 bytes, so that the size of the large data packet is 23 times that of the small data packet; the internal part of each data packet at least comprises two fields, one is a pairing number, and the other is a data packet size identification field for marking whether the test data packet belongs to a large data packet or a small data packet;
12) each pair of test data packets has the same pairing number and respectively has different identification fields belonging to a big data packet or a small data packet; each pair of data packets is continuously sent, and the terminal equipment records the sending time of each data packet, namely tbsendAnd tssend；
13) When receiving a test data packet, the server-side equipment feeds back a response data packet to the terminal equipment, wherein each response data packet at least comprises two fields; one is a pairing number, and the other is an identification field for marking whether the test data packet belongs to a big data packet or a small data packet;
14) after receiving the response data packet, the terminal device records the arrival time of the data packet, which is t respectivelybresvAnd tsresv(ii) a Finding out a corresponding test data packet according to the corresponding relation between the pairing number and the identification field in the response data packet and the test data packet, and obtaining the sending time of the test data packet; calculating a delay of the test packet; delay of large data packets (denoted k)0,b) And delay of small packets (denoted as k)0,s) Respectively expressed as formula 11 and formula 12:
k0,b＝tbresv-tbsend＝ky,b+kn,b(formula 11)
k0,s＝tsresv-tssend＝ky,s+kn,s(formula 12)
Wherein k isy,bIs a component k of the delay amount of a large packet out of two consecutively transmitted packets, which is independent of the packet sizey,sIs a component of the delay amount of a small packet of two consecutively transmitted packets, which is independent of the packet size; k is a radical ofn,bIs a component related to the packet size in the delay amount of a large packet of two packets transmitted consecutively; k is a radical ofn,sIs a component related to the packet size in the delay amount of a small packet of two packets transmitted consecutively;
15) calculating the size-independent delay and the size-dependent delay of the data packet according to the delays of two data packets in the same pair, wherein the calculation method is as follows:
(tbresv-tbsend)-(tsresv-tssend)＝(ky,b+kn,b)-(ky,s+kn,s)＝(ky,b-ky,s)+ (kn,b-kn,s) (formula 13)
Due to ky,bAnd ky,sThe delay amount of two data packets transmitted continuously is equal to the component independent of the size of the data packet, and k isn,b，kn,sIs linearly related to the size of the packet, so kn,b＝23*kn,sThis gives the formula 14:
(tbresv-tbsend)-(tsresv-tssend)＝kn,b-kn,s＝22*kn,s(formula 14)
Because k isnIn linear correlation with the packet size, since the ratio relation of the packet sizes is initially set to 23 times, the difference is 22 times, and thus:
kn,s＝((tbresv-tbsend)-(tsresv-tssend) 22 (formula 15)
Figure GDA0002758549590000032
ky,b＝ky,s＝(tsresv-tssend)-((tbresv-tbsend)-(tsresv-tssend) 22 (formula 17)
16) Counting the average value of the packet size-independent delay and the packet size-dependent delay in a period of time to serve as an expected value;
17) the upper limit max of the packet size is determined according to the above mentioned expectation and the maximum delay that the system can toleratesize：
Figure GDA0002758549590000031
Wherein, the maximum delay that the system can tolerate is an empirical value selected according to different system conditions;
18) the terminal determines the proper data packet size according to the upper limit value of the data packet size, and realizes delay control by setting the data packet size.
In the above method for controlling network data delay, further, the period of time in step 16 is preferably one month; further, different time periods may be set to account for expected values. Further, the time period is set to: 0-6 points, 6-12 points, 12-18 points, 18-24 points; statistics can also be performed separately for the working days and the rest days. Preferably, the statistics may be performed by performing a weighting processing method on the plurality of pieces of data, and the shorter the time is (the closer the time is), the larger the weight is.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can detect the delay difference of the network by setting the size data packet pair, thereby analyzing the components of the delay which are irrelevant to the size of the data packet and the components which are relevant to the data packet, and detecting the relation between the delay and the size of the data packet, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the delay by setting the size of the data packet. The technical scheme of the invention is beneficial to the development of a networked control system.
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Fig. 1 is a system configuration of a typical network control system.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described by way of examples, without in any way limiting the scope of the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a network data delay control method, which detects the delay difference of a network by setting a large data packet pair, thereby analyzing the components of delay irrelevant to the size of a data packet and the components relevant to the data packet, detecting the relation between the delay and the size of the data packet, and controlling the delay by setting the size of the data packet.
The embodiment of the invention aims at the system structure of a typical NCS (network control system) to realize network data delayAnd (4) late control. A typical NCS system architecture is shown in figure 1. The latency of message delivery in the overall system has a significant impact on the stability and control performance of the system. Message passing delay T of NCS systemdelayMainly consists of three parts, as shown in the following formula:
Tdelay＝tsc+tp+tca(formula 1)
Wherein, tcaFor network forward delay, tscFor network reverse time delay, tpIs the processing delay of the end system. Because the end system adopts the local clock, t can be accurately calculatedpThe value of (c). However, the distributivity of the nodes connected via the network makes it difficult for the nodes in the NCS system to be clock-synchronized, and therefore the time delay t generated by a large network systemcaAnd tscAn effective one-way delay estimation strategy is needed for estimation processing, so that an accurate system delay value is obtained, and effective support is provided for ensuring the stability of the system and improving the control performance.
The actuator end sends a control start initial frame to the controller end, thereby informing the controller end to start executing a control task. After the initial frame is controlled to be started, if the actuator end is in the set time TsetIf the control information from the controller end is not received, the initial frame of control starting is retransmitted until the control information sent by the controller end is received.
After the initial control starting frame is sent out, the one-way time delay of the initial control starting frame is estimated by adopting an online time delay estimation method, so that accurate reference scalar values are provided for the forward and reverse time delay estimation of the later period. The online time delay estimation method adopted by the invention is carried out based on the router time delay structure analysis experienced by message transmission. The delay controlling the initiation of an initial frame through a single router is mainly determined by the propagation delay dtQueue delay dqAnd routing processing delay dprocAnd (4) forming. Setting control to start initial frame to transfer to system control end to experience m routers in total, considering message transfer link delay dpropThen the total delay T for controlling to start the initial frame transfer is shown as follows:
Figure GDA0002758549590000041
monitoring the passing state of the frame in the router, and recording the entering time t when the initial frame enters the link layer after the control is started1When leaving the link layer, the leaving time t is recorded2. The sum of the queue delay and the routing processing delay that control the initiation of the initial frame through router n can be obtained as shown in the following equation:
dq(n)+dproc(n)＝t2(n)-t1(n) (formula 3)
The transmission delay of a message frame through a router is determined by the packet size l and the network bandwidth C, and the sum of the input transmission delay and the output transmission delay of controlling and starting an initial frame through a router n can be calculated by the following formula:
Figure GDA0002758549590000051
based on the above analysis, the sum of the delays controlling the initiation of the initial frame through router n can be obtained:
Figure GDA0002758549590000052
if the initial frame of the control start goes through m routers and reaches the control end of the system, the total delay k of the initial frame of the control start can be obtained by the following formula0：
Figure GDA0002758549590000053
Wherein, tpropAnd compensating the propagation delay compensation value of each link set in advance.
From the above formula we can sum the time delays by k0The division into two parts, namely packet size independent delay and packet size dependent delay, is represented by equations 7-9:
k0＝ky+kn(formula 7)
Figure GDA0002758549590000054
Figure GDA0002758549590000055
The first embodiment is as follows:
the following example illustrates the delay control method provided by the present invention with respect to an NCS system. Since the transmission network of the NCS system is an industrial ethernet network, the specification of the packet size for ethernet is complied with. In ethernet, the size of the data packet ranges between 64-1518 bytes, and if the header overhead is removed, the actual data size is between 46-1500 bytes.
The present invention designs a mechanism for testing data packets. The mechanism sets that two test data packets which are paired with each other are generated each time, one is a large data packet and the other is a small data packet, and the size difference of the two types of data packets needs to be as large as possible. For example, one is set to 64 bytes and the other is set to 1472 bytes. The internal portion of each packet includes at least two fields, one is a match number and the other is an identification field indicating whether the test packet belongs to a large packet or a small packet.
In the delay test stage, the terminal equipment periodically generates and sends test data packet pairs, each pair of test data packets has the same pair number and respectively has different identification fields belonging to a big data packet or a small data packet. The two data packets are transmitted consecutively. The terminal equipment records the sending time of each data packet, which is t respectivelybsendAnd tssend。
The network side equipment (server side equipment) feeds back a response data packet to the terminal equipment every time the network side equipment receives one test data packet, and each response data packet at least comprises two fields. One is a pair number and the other is an identification field indicating whether the test packet belongs to a large packet or a small packet.
And after receiving the response data packet, the terminal equipment records the arrival time of the data packet. Are each tbresvAnd tsresv. And finding out the corresponding test data packet according to the corresponding relation between the pairing number and the identification field in the response data packet and the test data packet. And obtains the transmission time of the test packet. The delay of the packet is calculated. Delay k of large data packet0,bAnd delay k of small data packet0,sRespectively expressed as formula 11 and formula 12:
k0,b＝tbresv-tbsend＝ky,b+kn,b(formula 11)
k0,s＝tsresv-tssend＝ky,s+kn,s(formula 12)
Wherein k isy,bIs a component k of the delay amount of a large packet out of two consecutively transmitted packets, which is independent of the packet sizey,sIs a component of the delay amount of a small packet of two consecutively transmitted packets, which is independent of the packet size; k is a radical ofn,bIs a component related to the packet size in the delay amount of a large packet of two packets transmitted consecutively; k is a radical ofn,sIs a component related to the packet size in the delay amount of a small packet of two packets transmitted consecutively;
calculating the size-independent delay and the size-dependent delay of the data packet according to the delays of two data packets in the same pair, wherein the calculation method is as follows:
(tbresv-tbsend)-(tsresv-tssend)＝(ky,b+kn,b)-(ky,s+kn,s)＝(ky,b-ky,s)+ (kn,b-kn,s) (formula 13)
Due to ky,bAnd ky,sThe delay amount of two data packets transmitted continuously is equal to the component independent of the size of the data packet, and k isn,b，kn,sLinearly related to the size of the packet, since the ratio of the packet sizes is set to 23 times at the beginning and thus differs by 22 times, k is thereforen,b＝23*kn,sThis gives the formula 14:
(tbresv-tbsend)-(tsresv-tssend)＝kn,b-kn,s＝22*kn,s(formula 14)
Thus, it is calculated that:
kn,s＝((tbresv-tbsend)-(tsresv-tssend) 22 (formula 15)
Figure GDA0002758549590000061
ky,b＝ky,s＝(tsresv-tssend)-((tbresv-tbsend)-(tsresv-tssend) 22 (formula 17)
The average value of the packet size independent delay and the packet size dependent delay in a period of time is counted as an expected value. Preferably, the period of time is one month. Further, the expected value can be counted according to different time periods. Preferably, the time period may be set as: 0-6 points, 6-12 points, 12-18 points and 18-24 points. Statistics can also be made separately for the working days and the rest days. Preferably, the plurality of pieces of data may be weighted, and the shorter the time, the larger the weight.
The upper limit max of the packet size is determined according to the above mentioned expectation and the maximum delay that the system can toleratesize：
Figure GDA0002758549590000071
The terminal determines the proper data packet size according to the maximum value of the data packet size, and realizes delay control by setting the data packet size.
It is noted that the disclosed embodiments are intended to aid in further understanding of the invention, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and appended claims. Therefore, the invention should not be limited to the embodiments disclosed, but the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A network data delay control method is provided, aiming at a network control system NCS, a delay difference of a network is detected by setting a large data packet pair and a small data packet pair, a component irrelevant to the size of a data packet and a component relevant to the size of the data packet are obtained by analysis, the relation between the delay and the size of the data packet is detected, and delay control is realized by setting the size of the data packet; the method comprises the following steps:
11) terminal equipment in the network control system periodically generates and sends test data packet pairs; setting that two test data packets which are paired with each other are generated each time, wherein one test data packet is a large data packet and the other test data packet is a small data packet, the size difference of the two data packets is required to be as large as possible, the size of the small data packet is set to be 64 bytes, and the size of the large data packet is set to be 1472 bytes, so that the size of the large data packet is 23 times that of the small data packet; the internal part of each data packet at least comprises two fields, one is a pairing number, and the other is a data packet size identification field for marking whether the test data packet belongs to a large data packet or a small data packet;
12) each pair of test data packets has the same pairing number and respectively has different identification fields belonging to a big data packet or a small data packet; each pair of data packets are continuously transmitted, the terminal equipment records the transmission time of each data packet, and the transmission time of the large data packet and the transmission time of the small data packet are tbsendAnd tssend；
13) When receiving a test data packet, the server-side equipment feeds back a response data packet to the terminal equipment, wherein each response data packet at least comprises two fields; one is a pairing number, and the other is an identification field for marking whether the test data packet belongs to a big data packet or a small data packet;
14) after receiving the response data packet, the terminal equipment records the arrival time of the data packet, wherein the arrival time of the large data packet and the arrival time of the small data packet are tbresvAnd tsresv(ii) a Finding out a corresponding test data packet according to the corresponding relation between the pairing number and the identification field in the response data packet and the test data packet, and obtaining the sending time of the test data packet; calculating a delay of the test packet; delay k of large data packet0,bAnd delay k of small data packet0,sRespectively expressed as formula 11 and formula 12:
k0,b＝tbresv-tbsend＝ky,b+kn,b(formula 11)
k0,s＝tsresv-tssend＝ky,s+kn,s(formula 12)
Wherein k isy,bIs a component of the delay amount of a large packet among two packets transmitted consecutively, which is independent of the packet size; k is a radical ofy,sIs a component of the delay amount of a small packet of two consecutively transmitted packets, which is independent of the packet size; k is a radical ofn,bIs a component related to the packet size in the delay amount of a large packet of two packets transmitted consecutively; k is a radical ofn,sIs a component related to the packet size in the delay amount of a small packet of two packets transmitted consecutively;
15) calculating the size-independent delay and the size-dependent delay of the data packet according to the delays of two data packets in the same pair, wherein the calculation method is as follows:
(tbresv-tbsend)-(tsresv-tssend)＝(ky,b+kn,b)-(ky,s+kn,s)＝(ky,b-ky,s)+(kn,b-kn,s) (formula 13)
Due to ky,bAnd ky,sThe delay amount of two data packets transmitted continuously is equal to the component independent of the size of the data packet, and k isn,b，kn,sIs linearly related to the size of the packet, so kn,b＝23*kn,sThis gives the formula 14:
(tbresv-tbsend)-(tsresv-tssend)＝kn,b-kn,s＝22*kn,s(formula 14)
K is obtained by calculation of equations 15 to 17n,s、ky,bAnd kn,b：
kn,s＝((tbresv-tbsend)-(tsresv-tssend) 22 (formula 15)
Figure FDA0002688680440000021
ky,b＝ky,s＝(tsresv-tssend)-((tbresv-tbsend)-(tsresv-tssend) 22 (formula 17)
16) Counting the average value of the packet size independent delay and the packet size dependent delay in a period of time, and recording the average value as k as expected valuesy,bExpected values and kn,sAn expected value;
17) the upper limit max of the packet size is determined according to the above mentioned expectation and the maximum delay that the system can toleratesize：
Figure FDA0002688680440000022
Wherein, the maximum delay which can be tolerated by the system is an empirical value selected according to the system condition;
18) the terminal is according to the upper limit value max of the above-mentioned data packet sizesizeTo determine the appropriate packet size and to implement delay control by setting the packet size.
2. The network data delay control method of claim 1, wherein the period of time in step 16) is preferably one month.
3. The network data delay control method of claim 1, wherein step 16) counts the expected values by setting different time periods.
4. A network data delay control method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the time period is set to: 0-6 points, 6-12 points, 12-18 points and 18-24 points.
5. The network data delay control method of claim 3, wherein the statistical expectation values are respectively performed for a working day and a resting day.
6. A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the network data delay control method of claim 1.
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