WO2018232798A1 - 对等网络中的直播系统及节点管理方法 - Google Patents

对等网络中的直播系统及节点管理方法 Download PDF

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WO2018232798A1
WO2018232798A1 PCT/CN2017/092790 CN2017092790W WO2018232798A1 WO 2018232798 A1 WO2018232798 A1 WO 2018232798A1 CN 2017092790 W CN2017092790 W CN 2017092790W WO 2018232798 A1 WO2018232798 A1 WO 2018232798A1
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node
peer
nodes
live broadcast
broadcast system
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PCT/CN2017/092790
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English (en)
French (fr)
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卢美辉
陈鸿
吕士表
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网宿科技股份有限公司
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Priority to US15/744,578 priority Critical patent/US20190007473A1/en
Priority to EP17892056.7A priority patent/EP3447970B1/en
Publication of WO2018232798A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018232798A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
    • H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
    • H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H04L65/612—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for unicast
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H04L67/1061—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks using node-based peer discovery mechanisms
    • H04L67/1072—Discovery involving ranked list compilation of candidate peers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/21—Server components or server architectures
    • H04N21/218—Source of audio or video content, e.g. local disk arrays
    • H04N21/2187—Live feed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/632—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing using a connection between clients on a wide area network, e.g. setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet for retrieving video segments from the hard-disk of other client devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of Internet live broadcast technology, and in particular, to a system and a node management method for streaming live broadcast in a peer-to-peer network.
  • Peer-to-peer network transmission technology that is, P2P (peer-to-peer) technology
  • P2P peer-to-peer
  • C/S server/client
  • each node serves as both a client and a server for others. In a sense, each node is in the same position.
  • the peer-to-peer network is a successful extension of the distributed concept. It distributes the server burden in the traditional mode to each node in the network, which not only greatly reduces the server processing pressure, but also saves a lot of CDN traffic costs.
  • a peer acquires information from many other nodes from the node management server (tracker) to establish a connection with them to obtain data.
  • the quality of the node is required to be higher, and the current technology mainly relies on the node management server (tracker) for recommendation, but node management.
  • the recommended node of the tracker cannot maintain good quality at all times. If the quality of a node is not high during playback, the live broadcast system cannot automatically recognize and continue to use it, which will result in P2P sharing rate when streaming media live application. The overall situation is not high, and the resource allocation efficiency is low, which in turn affects the user experience.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a live broadcast system and a node management method in a peer-to-peer network.
  • a live broadcast system in a peer-to-peer network includes at least one node and a first server, wherein:
  • the first server is configured to establish a connection between the nodes to share node information between the nodes;
  • the node is configured with an evaluation module and an elimination module, and the evaluation module calculates and analyzes the health value of the node according to the node information, and feeds back to the elimination module to select to continue to use or phase out the evaluated node.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a node management method, including the steps of: establishing a connection between nodes, so that the node shares node information, where the node information includes establishing a connection between the nodes.
  • the node initial value and the time when the node receives the slice calculate and analyze the health value of the node according to the node information; and select to continue to use or retire the node according to the calculation analysis result.
  • the present invention also provides a live broadcast system in a peer-to-peer network, the system including a memory, the instructions stored by the memory being used to perform the node management method described above.
  • the present invention also provides a live broadcast system in a peer-to-peer network, the system comprising a processor for performing the node management method described above.
  • the present invention further provides a live broadcast system in a peer-to-peer network, comprising: at least one node, the nodes are connected and share node information; and an evaluation module, the evaluation module is configured in the node, according to the sharing
  • the node information calculates and analyzes the health value of the node connected to the node; and the elimination module, the elimination module receives the feedback result of the evaluation module and determines whether to continue to use or phase out the evaluated node.
  • the live broadcast system of the present invention includes a first server for establishing a connection between nodes and thereby sharing node information, and an evaluation module for evaluating node health values and a culling module for phasing out poor quality nodes.
  • the evaluation module calculates and analyzes the node health value based on the node information, and feeds the evaluation result back to the elimination module, so that the elimination module determines whether to continue to use or eliminate the evaluated node.
  • the live broadcast system and the node management method of the present invention can quickly filter and eliminate poor quality nodes in a large number of nodes, connect the good quality nodes and acquire data, and improve the sharing rate of the peer network, thereby improving the user experience.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a live broadcast system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing the steps of a node management method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of servers and modules in a live broadcast system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a module according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the live broadcast system and its method in the peer-to-peer network provided by the present invention will be described in detail below.
  • a live broadcast system and a node management method according to a first embodiment of the present invention are illustrated.
  • a live broadcast system for a live broadcast application in a peer-to-peer network the live broadcast system mainly includes a first server 10, a second server 20, a third server 30, a fourth server 40, and two nodes. 50A and 50B.
  • the first server 10 is essentially a penetration server, such as the openrtmfp server.
  • the openrtmfp server is a fully open source and cross-platform scalable rtmfp server script that assists the two nodes 50A and 50B to establish a connection; of course, the first Server 10 may also be another server that implements the corresponding functionality, such as a stun penetration server.
  • the first server 10 is capable of establishing a connection between the two nodes 50A and 50B so that the node information is shared between the two nodes 50A and 50B.
  • the second server 20 manages all of the nodes 50A and 50B, including the transmitting module 21.
  • the sending module 21 can first send the node list to the nodes 50A and 50B according to the client request.
  • the list of nodes is real time.
  • the third server 30 is a slicing server for slicing live streams according to timestamps in the live stream.
  • the main working principle of the third server 30 is: when starting to slice the live stream, first obtain the current system time, that is, the initial system time t0. The timestamps in the live stream are all starting from 0, then the time in the live stream. Each time ⁇ t is incremented, a file is sliced, and the system time plus the current timestamp value t0+ ⁇ t is taken as the file name of the slice as the current slice file number, that is, the time represented by the latest slice file number is t0+ ⁇ t.
  • the first slice generated by the data with the timestamp of 0 ⁇ nms in the live stream is named 1.FLV
  • the second slice generated by the data with the timestamp of n ⁇ (n+1)ms in the live stream is named 2 .FLV
  • h is a positive integer greater than 0, and ms is a time unit.
  • the fourth server 40 is a CDN server, can receive a slice file from the third server 30, and then distribute the slice file to the nodes 50A and 50B. When the nodes 50A and 50B need to patch, they request data from the fourth server 40.
  • Each of the nodes 50A and 50B can be configured with a receiving module 51, an evaluation module 52, and a culling module 53.
  • the receiving module 51 is configured to receive a node list sent by the sending module 21 in the second server 20 and receive node information shared by the node connected thereto.
  • the evaluation module 52 calculates the health value of the analysis node 50B mainly based on the node information, and feeds back to the elimination module 53. It should be noted that the evaluation module 52 in this embodiment is used to evaluate the corresponding node connected to the node where the evaluation module is located, that is, the evaluation module 52 where the node 50A is located is not the node 50A where the evaluation itself is located, but the evaluation node.
  • the health value of another node 50B to which 50A is connected The evaluation module 52 calculates the health value of the analysis node 50B according to the time and node information represented by the latest slice file number when the live stream slice is sliced, and the node information includes the initial value of the node establishing the connection between the nodes and the node receiving the slice. time.
  • the node initial value that is, the initial health value preset for the evaluated node 50B after the connection between each two nodes (50A and 50B) is established.
  • the initial health value is not fixed and can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 a specific process of the node management method of the live broadcast system according to the first embodiment of the present invention is understood.
  • step S101 the second server 20 transmits a node list having real time.
  • step S102 the first server 10 establishes a connection between every two nodes 50A and 50B and causes node information to be shared between the nodes 50A and 50B.
  • step S103 the third server 30 slices the live stream according to the timestamp in the live stream, and acquires the current system time.
  • the third server 30 slices the live stream according to the timestamp in the live stream, and acquires the current system time.
  • step S104 assuming that the node to be evaluated is 50B, the node 50B records the reception time every time a slice is received.
  • Step S105 the evaluation module 52 of the node 50A is represented by the latest slice file number.
  • the time and node information calculates the health value of the analysis node 50B, and the node information specifically includes the node initial value and the node information of the time when the node receives the slice.
  • step S106 the evaluation module 52 feeds back the results of the calculation and analysis to the elimination module 53. If the health value of the evaluated node 50B is high, the quality requirement is met, the elimination module 53 does not eliminate the node 50B, and continues to use; if the health value of the evaluated node 50B is low, the quality requirement is not met, and the elimination module 53 eliminates the node. 50B.
  • the evaluation module 52 is estimated by assuming that the node health value is Q and the node initial value is n, where m is the difference between the time the node receives the slice and the time represented by the latest slice file number.
  • the calculation time is that the health value is re-weighted each time node 50A and/or 50B receives a slice.
  • the node health value Q is approximately equal to the weighted average of the node initial value n and the difference m. If necessary, a smoothing factor can be introduced to calculate to improve the accuracy of the health value.
  • the node elimination is performed according to the weight value, or a threshold is set in advance, and the calculated Q value is compared with the threshold to analyze whether the threshold is reached to determine whether it is eliminated or continues to be used.
  • the above evaluation methods are only examples, and can be adjusted according to actual usage, including calculation methods and calculation objects.
  • step S107 the node 50 acquires a batch of new nodes from the second server 20 through the HTTP request, and the batch of new nodes proceeds to the processes of S101 to S106, and so on.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention is exemplified by two nodes 50A and 50B, which are merely for illustration, and of course, are not limited to two nodes in practice. It can be understood that the elimination or recommendation result of the node is not fixed and can be dynamically changed according to the real-time condition of the node.
  • the live broadcast system provided by the first embodiment of the present invention includes a first server for establishing a connection between nodes and sharing node information, a second server for transmitting a node list, and a third server for slicing the live stream.
  • a fourth server that distributes the slice file by the node, and an evaluation module for evaluating the node health value mainly based on the shared node information and a culling module for continuing to use or phase out the evaluated node according to the evaluation result.
  • the node management method of the first embodiment first establishes a connection between nodes to share node information between nodes, and the evaluation module mainly calculates and analyzes the health value of the corresponding node according to the node information, and then feeds back the analysis result to the elimination.
  • the live broadcast system and the node management method provided by the first embodiment of the present invention can quickly filter and eliminate poor quality nodes in more nodes, so that good quality nodes are connected and data is acquired, and the sharing rate of the peer network is improved. Thereby improving the user experience. Node elimination The recommendation result is not fixed and can be adjusted according to the actual situation, which improves the resource utilization efficiency of the live broadcast system.
  • the evaluation module can be configured separately in each node, which also improves the evaluation efficiency.
  • the live broadcast system provided by the second embodiment mainly includes a plurality of nodes 50, a sending module 100, a receiving module 200, an evaluation module 300, and a culling module 400.
  • the sending module 100 is configured to send a node list of all the nodes 50 in real time according to the client response.
  • the receiving module 200 is configured to receive the node list sent by the sending module and the node information shared by the connected node.
  • the evaluation module 300 calculates and analyzes the health value of the node based on the node information, and feeds back to the elimination module 400.
  • the culling module 400 determines whether to continue to use the evaluated node or to retire the node based on the feedback result.
  • the node information is the same as that in the foregoing embodiment of the present invention.
  • the evaluation principle of the evaluation module 400 is also the same as that in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • a live broadcast system includes 1 to n nodes 50 that connect and share node information (n is a positive integer greater than 0), a culling module for determining to continue to use or eliminate nodes, and An evaluation module that evaluates node health values based on shared node information.
  • the evaluation module mainly calculates and analyzes the health value of the corresponding node according to the node information, and then feeds the analysis result to the elimination module to determine whether to recommend or eliminate the evaluated node.
  • the functions of the transmitting module 100, the receiving module 200, the evaluating module 300, and the eliminating module 400 in the second embodiment of the present invention are the transmitting module 21, the receiving module 51, the evaluating module 52, and the eliminating module 53 in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the live broadcast system provided by the second embodiment of the present invention is not limited to a specific server configuration and architecture, and the receiving module 200, the evaluation module 300, and the eliminating module 400 are not necessarily configured in the node 50.
  • the live broadcast system provided by the second embodiment of the present invention can quickly filter and eliminate poor quality nodes in a large number of nodes, so that good quality nodes are connected and data is acquired, and the sharing rate of the peer network is improved, thereby improving the user experience.
  • the evaluation module can be configured separately in each node, which also improves the evaluation efficiency.
  • a third embodiment of the present invention further provides a live broadcast system, where the live broadcast system includes a memory, and the instructions stored in the memory are used to execute steps S101-S107 in the live broadcast method.
  • a fourth embodiment of the present invention further provides a live broadcast system, where the live broadcast system includes a processor, and the processor is configured to perform steps S101-S107 in the live broadcast method.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may be or It may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place, or it may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement without deliberate labor.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种对等网络中的直播系统，包括至少一个节点和第一服务器，其中：所述第一服务器用于使所述节点之间建立连接，以使所述节点之间共享节点信息；以及所述节点配置有评估模块和淘汰模块，所述评估模块根据所述节点信息计算分析所述节点的健康值，并反馈至所述淘汰模块以选择继续使用或淘汰被评估的节点。本发明所提供的直播系统可以在较多的节点中快速筛选并淘汰质量差的节点，使质量好的节点相连，提高了对等网络的分享率，从而改善用户体验。

Description

对等网络中的直播系统及节点管理方法 技术领域
本发明涉及互联网直播技术领域，特别涉及一种在对等网络中、应用于流媒体直播的系统及节点管理方法。
背景技术
对等网络传输技术，即P2P(peer-to-peer)技术，是近年来兴起的新型通讯网络传输技术。它在传输方式上打破了传统网络的服务器/客户端(C/S)模式，建立了一种客户端对客户端的直接通信机制。在对等网络中，每一节点既作为客户端，又充当他人的服务端，从某种意义上，每一节点都处在同等地位。对等网络是对分布式概念的成功拓展，它将传统方式下的服务器负担分配到网络中的每一节点上，不仅可以大大减轻服务器处理压力，也能节省大量的CDN流量成本。
对等网络中，一个节点(peer)会从节点管理服务器(tracker)获取很多其它节点的信息，从而跟它们建立连接来获取数据。在现有基于P2P的流媒体直播应用中，特别是低延迟的流媒体直播应用，对节点质量的好坏要求更高，而目前技术主要还是依靠节点管理服务器(tracker)进行推荐，但是节点管理服务器(tracker)推荐的节点不能时刻保持很好的质量，如果播放过程中，某个节点的质量不高，直播系统不能自动识别而仍继续使用，则会导致流媒体直播应用时的P2P分享率整体不高，资源调配效率低下，进而影响用户体验感。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的问题，本发明实施例提供了一种对等网络中的直播系统及节点管理方法。
一方面，对等网络中的直播系统，包括至少一个节点和第一服务器，其中：
所述第一服务器用于使所述节点之间建立连接，以使所述节点之间共享节点信息；以及
所述节点配置有评估模块和淘汰模块，所述评估模块根据所述节点信息计算分析所述节点的健康值，并反馈至所述淘汰模块以选择继续使用或淘汰被评估的节点。
另一方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种节点管理方法，包括以下步骤：节点之间建立连接，以使所述节点共享节点信息，其中，所述节点信息包括所述节点之间建立连接的节点初始值与所述节点接收到切片的时间；根据所述节点信息，计算分析所述节点的健康值；以及根据计算分析结果选择继续使用或淘汰所述节点。
另一方面，本发明还提供了一种对等网络中的直播系统，所述系统包括存储器，所述存储器所存储的指令用于执行上述节点管理方法。
另一方面，本发明还提供了一种对等网络中的直播系统，所述系统包括处理器，所述处理器用于执行上述节点管理方法。
另一方面，本发明还提供了一种对等网络中的直播系统，包括：至少一个节点，所述节点之间相连并共享节点信息；评估模块，所述评估模块配置在节点中，根据共享的所述节点信息计算分析与所在节点相连接的节点的健康值；以及淘汰模块，所述淘汰模块接收所述评估模块的反馈结果并确定是否继续使用或淘汰被评估的节点。
本发明的直播系统，包括用于使节点之间建立连接并进而共享节点信息的第一服务器，以及用于评估节点健康值的评估模块和用于淘汰质量差的节点的淘汰模块。评估模块主要根据节点信息，计算和分析节点健康值，并将评估结果反馈至淘汰模块，以便淘汰模块确定是否继续使用或者淘汰被评估的节点。本发明的直播系统及节点管理方法，可以在较多的节点中快速筛选并淘汰质量差的节点，使质量好的节点相连并获取数据，提高对等网络的分享率，从而改善用户体验。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明的第一实施例提供的直播系统的结构示意图。
图2为本发明的第一实施例提供的节点管理方法的步骤的流程图。
图3为本发明的第一实施例提供的直播系统中的服务器与模块的示意图。
图4为本发明的第二实施例提供的模块示意图。
附图标记说明：
第一服务器-10；第二服务器-20；发送模块-21；第三服务器-30；第四服务器-40；节点-50、50A、50B；接收模块-51；评估模块-52；淘汰模块-53；发送模块-100；接收模块-200；评估模块-300；淘汰模块-400。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
以下将对本发明所提供的对等网络中的直播系统及其方法进行详细说明。
请参考图1至图3，绘示了本发明的第一实施例所提供的直播系统及节点管理方法。结合图1和图3所示，为在对等网络中直播应用的直播系统，所述直播系统主要包括第一服务器10、第二服务器20、第三服务器30、第四服务器40以及两个节点50A和50B。
第一服务器10本质上是一种穿透服务器，例如openrtmfp服务器，openrtmfp服务器是一个完全开源和跨平台的可扩展的rtmfp服务器脚本，用于协助两个节点50A和50B建立连接；当然，第一服务器10也可以是实现相应功能的其它服务器，例如stun穿透服务器。第一服务器10能够使两个节点50A和50B之间建立连接，以使这两个节点50A和50B之间共享节点信息。
第二服务器20对所有的节点50A和50B进行管理，包括发送模块21。发送模块21可以根据客户端请求，首先向节点50A和50B发送节点列表。所述节点列表是实时的。
第三服务器30是一种切片服务器，用于根据直播流中的时间戳切片直播流。第三服务器30的主要工作原理为：开始切片直播流时，先获取当前的系统时间，即初始的系统时间t0。直播流里的时间戳都是从0开始，然后直播流里的时间 戳每增加Δt就切一个文件片，把系统时间加上当前时间戳的值t0+Δt作为该切片的文件名,作为当前切片文件编号，即最新切片文件编号所代表的时间为t0+Δt。切直播流里时间戳为0～nms的数据生成的第一个切片命名为1.FLV，切直播流里时间戳为n～(n+1)ms的数据生成的第二个切片命名为2.FLV，以此类推。h为大于0的正整数，ms为时间单位。
第四服务器40为CDN服务器，可以接收来自第三服务器30的切片文件，然后向节点50A和50B分发所述切片文件。节点50A和50B需要补片时，向第四服务器40请求数据。
每个节点50A和50B都可以配置有接收模块51、评估模块52和淘汰模块53。以节点50A为例，接收模块51用于接收第二服务器20中的发送模块21所发送的节点列表以及接收与其连接的节点共享的节点信息。评估模块52主要根据节点信息计算分析节点50B的健康值，并反馈至淘汰模块53。需要说明的是，本实施例中的评估模块52用于评估与该评估模块所在节点相连接的对应节点，即，节点50A所在的评估模块52不是评估自身所在的节点50A，而是评估与节点50A相连接的另一节点50B的健康值。评估模块52根据直播流切片时的最新切片文件编号所代表的时间和节点信息计算分析节点50B的健康值，节点信息包括所述节点之间建立连接的节点初始值与所述节点接收到切片的时间。节点初始值，即每两个节点(50A与50B)之间连接建立后，对被评估的节点50B预先设定的初始健康值。所述初始健康值不是固定不变的，可以根据实际情况进行调整。
请参考图2和图3，理解本发明第一实施例的直播系统的节点管理方法的具体流程。
步骤S101，第二服务器20发送具有实时的节点列表。
步骤S102，第一服务器10使每两个节点50A和50B之间建立连接，并使节点50A和50B之间共享节点信息。
步骤S103，第三服务器30根据直播流中的时间戳切片直播流，并获取当前的系统时间。第三服务器30的具体工作过程可以参考上述，在此不再赘述。
步骤S104，假设要评估的节点是50B,则节点50B每接收到一个切片，就记录一次接收时间。
步骤S105，节点50A的评估模块52根据上述最新切片文件编号所代表的 时间和节点信息计算分析节点50B的健康值，节点信息具体包括节点初始值和节点接收到切片的时间的节点信息。
步骤S106，评估模块52将计算和分析的结果反馈至淘汰模块53。如果被评估节点50B的健康值较高，则满足质量要求，淘汰模块53不淘汰节点50B，继续进行使用；如果被评估节点50B的健康值较低，则不满足质量要求，淘汰模块53淘汰节点50B。
评估模块52的估算方法为，假设节点健康值为Q，节点初始值为n，m为节点接收到切片的时间与最新切片文件编号所代表的时间的差值。计算时间是，每当节点50A和/或50B接收一个切片后就重新加权计算健康值。节点健康值Q大致等于节点初始值n与差值m的加权平均值。必要时，可以引入某个平滑因子进行计算以提高健康值的精确度。节点淘汰是根据权重值的高低进行淘汰，或者预先设置一个阈值，将计算得来的Q值与所述阈值进行比较，分析是否达到阈值，以确定是否被淘汰或继续使用。上述的评估方法仅仅是示例，可以根据实际使用情况进行调整，包括计算方式和计算对象等。
步骤S107，节点50通过HTTP请求从第二服务器20获取一批新的节点，这批新的节点继续进行S101～S106的流程，如此循环往复。
本发明的第一实施例举两个节点50A和50B为例，仅仅是为了说明，当然，实际情况中并不限于两个节点。可以理解的是，节点的淘汰或推荐结果不是固定不变的，可以根据节点的实时状况进行动态改变。
本发明的第一实施例提供的直播系统，包括用于使节点之间建立连接进而共享节点信息的第一服务器，用于发送节点列表的第二服务器，对直播流切片的第三服务器，向节点分发切片文件的第四服务器，以及用于主要根据共享的节点信息评估节点健康值的评估模块和用于根据评估结果以继续使用或淘汰被评估节点的淘汰模块。第一实施例的节点管理方法，首先使节点之间建立连接以使节点之间共享节点信息，评估模块主要根据所述节点信息，计算和分析相应节点的健康值，再将分析结果反馈至淘汰模块，以此确定是否继续使用或淘汰被评估的节点。节点信息依赖于第三服务器的切片服务，第二服务器的连接服务以及第四服务器的分发服务。本发明第一实施例所提供的直播系统和节点管理方法，可以在较多的节点中快速筛选并淘汰质量差的节点，使质量好的节点相连并获取数据，提高对等网络的分享率，从而改善用户体验。节点的淘汰 推荐结果并非固定不变的，可以根据实际情况进行调整，提高了直播系统的资源利用效率。评估模块可以分别配置在每个节点中，也提高了评估效率。
本发明的第二实施例，请参考图4所示。第二实施例所提供的直播系统，主要包括多个节点50、发送模块100、接收模块200、评估模块300和淘汰模块400。
其中，发送模块100用于根据客户端响应，发送所有节点50实时的节点列表。接收模块200用于接收所述发送模块所发送的所述节点列表和相连接的节点共享的节点信息。评估模块300主要根据节点信息计算分析所述节点的健康值，并反馈至淘汰模块400。淘汰模块400根据反馈结果来确定是否继续使用被评估的节点或者淘汰所述节点。节点信息与本发明上述实施例中的相同，评估模块400的评估原理也与上述实施例中的相同，在此不再赘述。
本发明的第二实施例提供的直播系统，包括1至n个相连并共享节点信息的节点50(n为大于0的正整数)、用于确定继续使用或淘汰节点的淘汰模块，以及用于根据共享的节点信息评估节点健康值的评估模块。评估模块主要根据所述节点信息，计算和分析相应节点的健康值，再将分析结果反馈至淘汰模块，以此确定是否推荐或淘汰被评估的节点。本发明的第二实施例中的发送模块100、接收模块200、评估模块300和淘汰模块400的功能与本发明第一实施例中的发送模块21、接收模块51、评估模块52和淘汰模块53的功能相似，在此不再赘述。本发明第二实施例所提供的直播系统，不拘泥于具体的服务器配置和架构，接收模块200、评估模块300和淘汰模块400没有限定一定要配置在节点50中。本发明第二实施例所提供的直播系统，可以在较多的节点中快速筛选并淘汰质量差的节点，使质量好的节点相连并获取数据，提高对等网络的分享率，从而改善用户体验。评估模块可以分别配置在每个节点中，也提高了评估效率。
本发明的第三实施例，还提供了一种直播系统，所述直播系统包括存储器，所述存储器所存储的指令用于执行上述直播方法中的步骤S101～S107。
本发明的第四实施例，还提供了一种直播系统，所述直播系统包括处理器，所述处理器用于执行上述直播方法中的步骤S101～S107。
以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也 可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性的劳动的情况下，即可以理解并实施。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到各实施方式可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件。基于这样的理解，上述技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘等，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行各个实施例或者实施例的某些部分所述的方法。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (18)

  1. 对等网络中的直播系统，其特征在于，包括至少一个节点和第一服务器，其中：
    所述第一服务器用于使所述节点之间建立连接，以使所述节点之间共享节点信息；以及
    所述节点配置有评估模块和淘汰模块，所述评估模块根据所述节点信息计算分析所述节点的健康值，并反馈至所述淘汰模块以选择继续使用或淘汰被评估的节点。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的直播系统，其特征在于，所述节点信息包括所述节点之间建立连接的节点初始值与所述节点接收到切片的时间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的直播系统，其特征在于，还包括第三服务器，所述第三服务器用于根据直播流中的时间戳切片直播流。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的直播系统，其特征在于，所述第三服务器在开始切片所述直播流时，先获取当前的系统时间。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的直播系统，其特征在于，所述评估模块根据最新切片文件编号所代表的时间、所述节点接收到切片的时间和所述节点初始值，计算分析所述节点的健康值。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的直播系统，其特征在于，所述节点通过HTTP请求从所述第二服务器获取一批新的节点。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的直播系统，其特征在于，所述评估模块用于评估与所述评估模块所在节点相连接的对应节点。
  8. 对等网络中的节点管理方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    节点之间建立连接，以使所述节点共享节点信息，其中，所述节点信息包括所述节点之间建立连接的节点初始值与所述节点接收到切片的时间；
    根据所述节点信息，计算分析所述节点的健康值；以及
    根据计算分析结果选择继续使用或淘汰所述节点。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的对等网络中的节点管理方法，其特征在于，还包括根据直播流中的时间戳切片直播流，并获取当前的系统时间的步骤。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的对等网络中的节点管理方法，其特征在于，还包括记录所述节点接收到切片的时间的步骤。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的对等网络中的节点管理方法，其特征在于，还包括通过HTTP请求获取一批新的节点的步骤。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的对等网络中的节点管理方法，其特征在于，计算分析所述节点的健康值的步骤中，包括将所述节点的健康值与预设阈值进行对比，或者排序比较多个所述节点的健康值的值的高低，以确认是否继续使用或淘汰所述节点。
  13. 对等网络中的直播系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括存储器，所述存储器所存储的指令用于执行根据权利要求8-12中任一项所述的节点管理方法。
  14. 对等网络中的直播系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括处理器，所述处理器指令用于执行根据权利要求8-12中任一项所述的节点管理方法。
  15. 对等网络中的直播系统，其特征在于，包括：
    至少一个节点，所述节点之间相连并共享节点信息；
    评估模块，所述评估模块配置在节点中，根据共享的所述节点信息计算分析与所在节点相连接的节点的健康值；以及
    淘汰模块，所述淘汰模块接收所述评估模块的反馈结果并确定是否继续使 用或者淘汰被评估的节点。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的对等网络中的直播系统，其特征在于，还包括发送模块和接收模块，所述获取模块用于发送实时的节点列表，所述接收模块用于接收所述发送模块所发送的所述节点列表和所述共享的节点信息。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的对等网络中的直播系统，其特征在于，所述节点信息包括所述节点之间建立连接的节点初始值与所述节点接收到切片的时间。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的对等网络中的直播系统，其特征在于，所述评估模块根据最新切片文件编号所代表的时间、所述节点接收到切片的时间和所述节点初始值，计算分析所述节点的健康值。
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