WO2018232709A1 - 多级闪蒸装置 - Google Patents

多级闪蒸装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018232709A1
WO2018232709A1 PCT/CN2017/089635 CN2017089635W WO2018232709A1 WO 2018232709 A1 WO2018232709 A1 WO 2018232709A1 CN 2017089635 W CN2017089635 W CN 2017089635W WO 2018232709 A1 WO2018232709 A1 WO 2018232709A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flasher
cavity
rectangular frame
rounded rectangular
flash
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/089635
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵魁
Original Assignee
梅杰布拉沃有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 梅杰布拉沃有限公司 filed Critical 梅杰布拉沃有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2017/089635 priority Critical patent/WO2018232709A1/zh
Publication of WO2018232709A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018232709A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/36—Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation
    • B01D61/363—Vapour permeation
    • B01D61/3631—Vapour permeation comprising multiple vapour permeation steps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of gas-liquid separation technology, and in particular to a flash device, and more particularly to a multi-stage flash device [0003]
  • Flash evaporation techniques are widely used in gas phase and liquid phase separation.
  • multi-stage flash technology is often used in the field of seawater desalination. It has the advantages of simple and reliable equipment, good anti-scaling performance, easy to enlarge, high flexibility, and low-grade heat and waste heat.
  • the heated circulating brine enters the first stage evaporation chamber, and then flows through each of the flash chambers through the interstage orifices to complete multi-stage flashing.
  • the steam flashed from the evaporation chambers of each stage passes through the steam separators of the respective stages, and the tubes entering the condensation chamber condense into fresh water.
  • the fresh water at each level flows from the liquid receiving tray to the final stage as the pressure decreases in the direction from the liquid receiving tray.
  • the preheating efficiency of the multistage flashing technique and the condensation efficiency of each stage of steam are not satisfactory.
  • Chinese patent CN205241436U describes a multi-stage flashing process using solar energy as a driving force.
  • the system is provided with a seawater and hot water heat exchanger, adopting a small temperature difference horizontal tube falling film evaporation, and reusing concentrated seawater and final steam.
  • the heat makes the device more energy efficient and has a higher water yield.
  • the multi-stage flashing portion of the device requires repeated inflow and outflow of steam and the liquid to be concentrated, and the piping and pump systems are connected between each stage, so the structure is too complicated, resulting in unsatisfactory system reliability.
  • Patent WO 2013/017520 describes a membrane distillation apparatus comprising at least one condensation/evaporation stage in which the heat can be reused to achieve optimum efficiency.
  • a gas permeable, liquid-impermeable membrane is used in the evaporation unit.
  • Gas-liquid separation media in large-scale applications, these types of membranes increase the resistance of the steam transfer process. In the extreme concentration process, the membrane cannot handle the crystallization process of the material.
  • Patent WO 2010/127818 describes a membrane block flow system having a limited vapor flow space and requiring a gas permeable, liquid-impermeable membrane as a gas-liquid separation medium, which can be used as a high thermal efficiency membrane distillation system, but cannot Achieve multi-stage flashing purposes.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage flashing device, which solves the problem of unsatisfactory heat exchange efficiency and complicated structure in the multi-stage flashing technology in the prior art.
  • the multi-stage flashing apparatus of the present invention comprises an external heater, a vacuum source and at least one flash unit, the external heater comprising a medium inlet to be heated and a heated medium outlet, wherein And any one of the flash units respectively includes a first flasher, a second flasher and two or more numbers of condensers, and each of the two of the condensers is provided with a preheating
  • the first flasher, the second flasher, the condenser and the preheater are juxtaposed in a straight line direction, the first flasher is disposed outside the condenser arranged at the head end, and the second flasher is disposed at Arranged on the outside of the condenser at the trailing end, the first flasher, the second flasher, any one of the condensers and any one of the preheaters each comprise a casing, the casing having a substantially rectangular cross section, the casing
  • the utility model comprises a top panel, a bottom panel, a front side panel, a rear side
  • the left and right end faces of the rounded rectangular frame are covered with an isolating film, the inner cavity of the rounded rectangular frame and the upper cavity thereof, the first lower cavity thereof, the second lower cavity thereof and the third lower cavity thereof Body isolation, the inner cavity of its rounded rectangular frame and its front cavity pass through a rounded rectangle
  • the passage in the side wall of the frame communicates, and the inner cavity of the rounded rectangular frame communicates with the rear cavity through the passage in the side wall of the rounded rectangular frame.
  • the inner cavity of the rounded rectangular frame and the upper cavity thereof The body, the first lower cavity thereof and the second lower cavity thereof are respectively communicated through the passage in the side wall of the rounded rectangular frame, the inner cavity of the rounded rectangular frame is isolated from the third lower cavity thereof, the front cavity thereof and the same The rear cavity is isolated.
  • the inner cavity of the rounded rectangular frame communicates with the upper cavity and the third lower cavity thereof through the passage in the side wall of the rounded rectangular frame, respectively.
  • the inner cavity of the rounded rectangular frame and its first lower cavity, the second lower The cavity, the front cavity and the rear cavity thereof are separated, and the rounded rectangular frame is covered with an isolation film on the end surface adjacent to the condenser, and the first flasher and the second flasher are at the outer end surface of the casing
  • the upper seal is respectively covered with an end cover, the end cover of the first flasher is provided with a cold medium inlet, a vacuum source connection port and a concentrate outlet, and the end cover of the second flasher is provided with a preheated medium outlet And a heat medium inlet, in the first flasher, the second flasher, the condenser and the preheater, any two adjacent housings including the rounded rectangular frame and the connecting plate are adjacent to the end faces thereof
  • Upper sealing connection, the cold medium inlet in the end cover of the first flasher is disposed on the rear cavity in the first flasher, and the vacuum source connection port in the end cover of the first flasher is disposed in the first flasher
  • the fence blocks the flow of the medium in the front-rear direction, allowing the medium to flow in the up and down direction, allowing the medium to flow in the linear direction.
  • the fence includes a plurality of railings, and the upper ends of any one of the railings are connected to the upper inner wall of the rounded rectangular frame, and the lower ends of any one of the railings are connected to the rounded rectangular frame.
  • the underside of the inner wall is connected to the upper inner wall of the rounded rectangular frame.
  • the railing is provided with a hole extending in a direction parallel to the arrangement direction of the first flasher, the second flasher, the condenser and the preheater.
  • the housing of the first flasher is composed of two structurally identical housing units arranged in parallel, and the housing of the second flasher is also composed of two housing units of the same structure. Parallel sealed connection.
  • the number of the flashing units is one, and the vacuum source connection port is connected to the vacuum source through a pipeline, and the preheated medium outlet is connected to the inlet of the external heater to be heated, The heat medium inlet is connected to the heated medium outlet of the external heater.
  • the number of flash units is two or more, between any two adjacent flash units, the vacuum source connection port of the second flash unit and the first one of the first flash unit The chamber is connected, and the concentrate outlet of the second flash unit is connected to the third lower chamber of the first flash unit.
  • any two adjacent flash units are sealed and connected, in one of the flash units
  • a sealing ring groove is disposed in the end cover of the flasher, and a sealing ring is disposed in the sealing ring groove, and the sealing ring is located between the adjacent two flashing units.
  • the working principle of the invention is: the liquid to be concentrated flows first through the preheater in each flash unit, and the preheated liquid to be concentrated continues to flow through each flash after being heated by the external heat source.
  • a flashing space formed by the third lower cavity in the unit the vapor generated by the concentrated liquid in the flash space of the first-stage flashing unit is evaporated from the direction of the liquid to be concentrated after the preheating
  • the top of the primary flash unit is formed by a vapor space formed by the upper chamber, and the grid structure in the flash unit separates the liquid entrained by the vapor, and the vapor then flows into the condenser formed by the first lower chamber and the second lower chamber, respectively.
  • the condenser and the preheater are arranged adjacent to each other, and the liquid to be concentrated flowing into the preheater is preheated by steam flowing into the condenser through the heat conductive liquid impervious film, and the steam is condensed into condensed water and then passed through the condensed water.
  • the channel flows into the next stage flash unit for collection.
  • the present invention is positive and obvious in comparison with the prior art.
  • the invention combines a plurality of flash units consisting of two flashers, two or more numbers of condensers and a preheater, and preheats into the next stage flash unit by using the heat released during the condensation process in a flash unit.
  • the liquid improves the heat exchange efficiency, adopts a uniform shell structure, and has a simple structure, which greatly improves the gas-liquid separation efficiency and saves energy.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a flash unit in a multi-stage flash unit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second or N-stage flash unit in the multi-stage flash unit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the process of multi-stage flashing in the multi-stage flash device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a left side sealing plate of a first stage flash unit in the multi-stage flashing apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a right side sealing plate of a first stage flash unit in the multi-stage flash device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a left side sealing plate of a second or Nth stage flash unit in the multi-stage flashing apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a flash unit in a multi-stage flash device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a flasher adjacent to a condenser in the multi-stage flash device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a preheater in the multi-stage flash device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a condenser in the multi-stage flash device of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7, 9, and 10, the multi-stage flash device of the present invention includes an external heater and a vacuum. a source and at least one flash unit, the external heater comprising a medium inlet to be heated and a heated medium outlet, wherein each of the flash units each includes a first flasher and a second a flasher and two or more numbers of condensers, each of which is provided with a preheater between the two, said first flasher, second flasher, condenser and preheater along Arranged side by side in a straight line, the first flasher is disposed outside the condenser arranged at the head end, the second flasher is disposed outside the condenser arranged at the trailing end, the first flasher, the second flasher, or any one of the condensation
  • each of the preheaters each include a casing, the casing having a substantially rectangular cross section, the casing including a top panel, a bottom panel, a front side panel,
  • the left and right end faces of the rounded rectangular frame are covered with an isolation film, the inner cavity of the rounded rectangular frame and the upper cavity thereof, a first lower cavity, a second lower cavity thereof and a third lower portion thereof
  • the cavity is isolated, and the inner cavity of the rounded rectangular frame communicates with the front cavity through the passage in the side wall of the rounded rectangular frame, and the inner cavity of the rounded rectangular frame and the rear cavity thereof pass through the passage in the side wall of the rounded rectangular frame
  • the inner cavity of the rounded rectangular frame and the upper cavity thereof, the first lower cavity thereof and the second lower cavity thereof are respectively communicated through the passage in the side wall of the rounded rectangular frame, the circle
  • the inner cavity of the rectangular frame is isolated from the third lower cavity thereof, and the front cavity and the rear cavity thereof are separated.
  • the inner cavity of the rounded rectangular frame and the upper cavity thereof, The third lower cavity is respectively communicated through the passage in the side wall of the rounded rectangular frame, the inner cavity of the rounded rectangular frame and the first lower cavity, the second lower cavity thereof, the front cavity thereof and the rear cavity thereof Isolating, the rounded rectangular frame is covered with a separator on its end face adjacent to the condenser, and the first flasher and the second flasher are respectively sealed on the outer end surface of the casing with an end cover, the first flasher
  • the end cover is provided with a cold medium inlet, a vacuum source connection port and a concentrate outlet.
  • the end cover of the second flasher is provided with a preheated medium outlet and a heat medium inlet, in the first flasher,
  • the condenser and the preheater any two adjacent housings including the rounded rectangular frame and the connecting plate are sealedly connected on the adjacent end faces thereof, in the end cover of the first flasher
  • the cold medium inlet is disposed on the rear cavity in the first flasher
  • the vacuum source connection port in the end cover of the first flasher is disposed on the second lower cavity in the first flasher
  • the first flasher a concentrate outlet in the end cap is disposed on the third lower cavity in the first flasher
  • a preheated medium outlet in the end cover of the second flasher is disposed on the rear cavity in the second flasher
  • the heat medium inlet in the end cap of the two flashers is disposed on the third lower cavity in the second flasher.
  • a sealing ring is disposed between the end cover of the first flasher and the housing of the first flasher, and a sealing ring is disposed between the end cover of the second flasher and the housing of the second flasher.
  • the fence blocks the flow of the medium in the front-rear direction, allowing the medium to flow in the up and down direction, allowing the medium to flow in the linear direction.
  • the fence includes a plurality of railings, and the upper ends of any one of the railings are connected to the upper inner wall of the rounded rectangular frame, and the lower ends of any one of the railings are connected to the rounded rectangular frame.
  • the underside of the inner wall is connected to the upper inner wall of the rounded rectangular frame.
  • the railing is provided with a hole extending in a direction parallel to the arrangement direction of the first flasher, the second flasher, the condenser and the preheater.
  • the housing of the first flasher is composed of two structurally identical housing units arranged in parallel, and the housing of the second flasher is also composed of two housing units of the same structure. Parallel sealed connection.
  • the number of the flashing units is one, and the vacuum source connection port is connected to the vacuum source through a pipeline, and the preheated medium outlet is connected to the inlet of the external heater to be heated, The heat medium inlet is connected to the heated medium outlet of the external heater.
  • the number of flash units is two or more, between any two adjacent flash units, the vacuum source connection port of the second flash unit and the first one of the first flash unit The chamber is connected, and the concentrate outlet of the second flash unit is connected to the third lower chamber of the first flash unit.
  • any two adjacent flash units are sealed and connected, in one of the flash units
  • a sealing ring groove is disposed in the end cover of the flasher, and a sealing ring is disposed in the sealing ring groove, and the sealing ring is located between the adjacent two flashing units.
  • the working principle of the embodiment is: the liquid to be concentrated flows first through the preheater in each flash unit, and the pre-heated liquid to be concentrated continues to flow through each flash after being heated by the external heat source.
  • the top of the first stage flash unit is formed by a vapor space formed by the upper chamber, and the grid structure in the flash unit separates the liquid entrained by the vapor, and the vapor then flows into the condensation formed by the first lower chamber and the second lower chamber, respectively.
  • the condenser is condensed into a condensate, and the condenser and the preheater are arranged adjacent to each other.
  • the liquid to be concentrated flowing into the preheater is preheated by the vapor flowing into the condenser through the heat conductive liquid impervious film, and the steam is condensed into condensed water and then condensed.
  • the water channel flows into the next stage flash unit for collection.
  • multiple condensation/preheating/ Flash stages 10(a), 10(b) constitute a multi-stage flash unit of the present invention, each stage containing a condenser C, a preheater B and a flash unit A, A1 adjacent to each other.
  • the preheater B and the condenser C are arranged adjacent to each other, the flash unit ⁇ , the crucible is located at the inlet and outlet ends of each stage, and only two flash units A1 and condenser C are arranged adjacent to each stage.
  • Condenser C, preheater B and flash unit A, A1 are all versatile flash space 15, vapor space 14, liquid space 32, condensate space 35, steam/liquid passage 12 , a vapor/liquid impermeable passage 13, a grid 34, and a thermally conductive liquid impervious film 18.
  • the flash unit has a vapor/liquid passage 12 connected to the lower portion of the flash space 15 and an upper vapor space 14 through which the steam can flow into the vapor space 14 in the upper portion of the flash unit.
  • the flash unit A1 adjacent to the condenser C has a thermally conductive liquid impermeable film 18 on the side close to the condenser, and the vapor 16 in the flash unit A, A1 does not come into contact with the vapor/liquid in the condenser C.
  • Channels 33 on either side of the flash unit are not allowed to pass steam/liquid.
  • the lower passage 13 of the condenser is not permeable to steam/liquid, so steam generated in the flash space 15 cannot enter the condenser C from the bottom.
  • the upper passage 12 of the condenser can pass steam, and the steam flowing from the flash unit into the upper steam space can flow into the condenser C through the upper passage of the condenser, and the condensed condensate 24 flows into the condensate space 35 on both sides of the bottom to be collected and flows in. next level.
  • the passage 33 on both sides of the condenser cannot be steamed Steam / liquid. There is no thermally conductive liquid impervious film 18 on either side of the grid 34 of the condenser C.
  • the upper and lower passages 13 of the preheater B are not allowed to pass steam/liquid, but the passages 36 on both sides may pass through the liquid, and the liquid 20 to be concentrated flows into and out of the liquid on both sides of the preheater from the passages 36 on both sides.
  • Space 32 and sequentially flows between the stages through liquid passages 40 on the closure.
  • the liquid 20 in the preheater can be heated by the vapor 16 in the condenser via the thermally conductive liquid impermeable membrane 18, and the vapor 16 in the condenser can also be effectively condensed into the condensate 24.
  • the liquid 20 to be concentrated and the condensate 24 generated are flowed into or out of each stage through the liquid passages 40, 42 on the sealing plates on both sides of each of the condensing/preheating/flashing stages, and the liquid passages on the sealing plate are connectable.
  • the liquid 20 to be concentrated flows first through the preheater B in each stage, and the preheated liquid 21 to be concentrated is further heated to the operating temperature by the external heat source 31 and the heat exchanger 30 and then flows into the first stage.
  • the flash space is flowed through the remaining stages in sequence, and finally flows into the concentrate tank and is collected by the dope pump to the outside of the system.
  • the condensate 24 generated in the first stage flows into the condensate space 35 and then flows into the next stage in order, and finally flows into the condensate tank 26 and is collected and sent to the outside of the system through the condensate pump 29.
  • the condensing/preheating/flashing stage of the entire system and the flow of the liquid are all operated in a vacuum environment, the vacuum is provided by the vacuum pump 27, the vacuuming position is located above the condensing water tank, and the liquid 20 to be concentrated does not need to pass through the water pump. Transmission, which can flow through the system vacuum from the suction stage.
  • A1 and the two side sealing plates l l (a, b, c) are connected by welding, and the welding can be performed by friction welding or laser welding.
  • the splicing is carried out by rubber rings between each stage, and the sealing effect can be achieved under vacuum conditions.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a three-stage flash unit and process comprising three condensing/preheating/flashing stages 10(a), 10(b) and 10(b).
  • the equipment is operated under negative pressure and the negative pressure environment is provided by vacuum pump 27.
  • the liquid to be concentrated (20) is sucked from the rightmost condensing/preheating/flashing stage 10(b) by a negative pressure, and flows into the condensing/preheating/flashing through the liquid passage 40 on the sealing plate 11(b).
  • the preheated liquid 21 to be concentrated is further heated to the operating temperature by the external heat source 31 through the heat exchanger 30 and then flows into the first condensation/preheat/flash stage 10(a) again, after being heated by the external heat source 31.
  • the liquid to be concentrated 22 enters the bottom flash space 15 through the liquid passage 41 at the bottom of the first stage, and the generated steam 16 passes through the steam passage 12 into the flash unit A and Al, and flows from the bottom to the top through the steam passage 12 and then flows into the top of the first stage.
  • Steam space 14 The steam flows in the flash units A and A1, and the entrained droplets are collected by the grid 34 and returned to the flash space 15 at the bottom.
  • the flash unit A1 adjacent to the condenser C has a liquid-impermeable film 18 on the side of the grid 34 close to the condenser C and is separated from the condenser C.
  • the steam 16 flowing into the first stage top steam space 14 then flows from top to bottom to the bottom through the steam passage 12 at the top of the condenser C, and the preheater B grid 34 adjacent to the condenser C is impervious to both sides.
  • the film 18, inside the film is a liquid 20 to be concentrated, the liquid is heated by the steam 16 in the condenser C through the film 18, and the vapor is also condensed into a condensed water space 35 where the condensed water 24 flows into the bottom of the condenser C.
  • the liquid passage 41 passing through the second stage sealing plate 11(b) flows into the flashing space 15 at the bottom of the second stage to continue to be concentrated, and is produced in the first stage of the same stage.
  • the condensed water 24 also flows into the condensed water space 35 of the second stage through the condensed water passage 42 and merges with the condensed water 24 generated by the second stage, and the concentrated liquid is concentrated by the third stage to obtain the final concentrated liquid 23, and the concentrated liquid passes through the third
  • the liquid passage 41 on the pole seal 11 (b) flows out and flows into the concentrate tank 25, and is then driven out by the concentrate pump 28.
  • the condensed water 24 in the tertiary stage is collected and flows out of the condensate passage 42 on the sealing plate and flows into the condensate tank 26, and then is discharged through the condensate pump 29.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

一种多级闪蒸装置，包括外部热源（31）、真空泵（27）和至少一个闪蒸单元（A），任意一个闪蒸单元（A）均各自包括有一个第一闪蒸器、一个第二闪蒸器和两个以上数目的冷凝器（C），任意两个冷凝器（C）之间均各自设置有一个预热器（B），第一闪蒸器、第二闪蒸器、冷凝器（C）和预热器（B）沿直线方向并列设置。由两个闪蒸器、两个以上数目的冷凝器（C）和预热器（B）组成的多个闪蒸单元（A）组合，利用一个闪蒸单元（A）内冷凝过程中放出的热量预热进入下一级闪蒸单元（A1）的液体。

Description

[0001] 技术领域：
[0002] 本发明涉及气液分离技术领域， 尤其涉及闪蒸装置， 特别是一种多级闪蒸装置 [0003] 背景技术：
[0004] 闪蒸技术广泛应用于气相和液相分离。 例如， 多级闪蒸技术经常被用在海水淡 化领域， 具有设备简单可靠、 防垢性能好、 易于大型化、 操作弹性大以及可利 用低位热能和废热等优点。 在实际生产中， 加热后的循环盐水进入第一级的蒸 发室， 然后通过各级级间节流孔依次流过各个闪蒸室完成多级闪蒸。 从各级蒸 发室中闪蒸出的蒸汽， 分别通过各级的汽水分离器， 进入冷凝室的管间凝结成 淡水。 各级淡水分别从受液盘， 经淡水通路， 随着压力降低的方向流到末级抽 出。 但是， 现有技术中， 多级闪蒸技术的预热效率、 每级蒸汽的冷凝效率均不 理想。
[0005] 中国专利 CN205241436U描述了以太阳能作为驱动力的多级闪蒸过程， 该系统 中设置了海水和热水换热器， 采取小温差横管降膜蒸发， 重复利用浓海水及末 效蒸汽的热量， 使得该装置具有更高的能量利用率和更大的产水率。 该装置的 多级闪蒸部分需要蒸汽和待浓缩液重复的流入及流出闪蒸原件， 每级间需要管 道及水泵系统相连， 因此结构过于复杂， 导致系统可靠性不理想。
[0006] 专利 WO2013/017520描述了一种膜蒸馏装置， 包括至少一个冷凝 /蒸发级， 可以 重复利用热量已达到最优的效率， 该发明中在蒸发单元中采用了透气不透液的 隔膜作为气液分离的介质， 在大规模应用中， 这类隔膜会增加蒸汽传输过程的 阻力， 在极端的浓缩过程中， 隔膜无法处理物料的结晶过程。
[0007] 专利 WO2010/127818描述了一种膜块化流系统， 该系统结构的蒸汽流动空间有 限， 需要透气不透液的隔膜作为气液分离介质， 可作为高热效率的膜蒸馏系统 ， 但是无法达到多级闪蒸的目的。
[0008] 发明内容： [0009] 本发明的目的在于提供一种多级闪蒸装置， 所述的这种多级闪蒸装置要解决现 有技术中多级闪蒸技术中存在的换热效率不理想、 结构复杂、 气液分离介质效 果有限的技术问题。
[0010] 本发明的这种多级闪蒸装置， 包括一个外部加热器、 一个真空源和至少一个闪 蒸单元， 所述的外部加热器包括一个待加热介质入口和一个加热后介质出口， 其中， 任意一个所述的闪蒸单元均各自包括有一个第一闪蒸器、 一个第二闪蒸 器和两个以上数目的冷凝器， 任意两个所述的冷凝器之间均各自设置有一个预 热器， 所述的第一闪蒸器、 第二闪蒸器、 冷凝器和预热器沿一条直线的方向并 列设置， 第一闪蒸器设置在排列在首端的冷凝器的外侧， 第二闪蒸器设置在排 列在尾端的冷凝器的外侧， 第一闪蒸器、 第二闪蒸器、 任意一个冷凝器和任意 一个预热器均各自包括有一个壳体， 所述的壳体的断面均近似矩形， 壳体包括 一个顶面板、 一个底面板、 一个前侧板、 一个后侧板、 一个左端面和一个右端 面， 左端面和右端面均垂直于所述的直线并与壳体的断面形状相同， 壳体的中 部设置有一个圆角矩形框， 所述的圆角矩形框的外周连接有复数个连接板， 所 述的连接板分别连接到壳体的顶面板、 底面板、 前侧板、 后侧板的内壁， 连接 板、 圆角矩形框与顶面板之间构成一个上腔体， 连接板、 圆角矩形框与底面板 之间构成一个第一下腔体、 一个第二下腔体和一个第三下腔体， 所述的第一下 腔体和第二下腔体分别与所述的第三下腔体的前、 后端相邻， 连接板、 圆角矩 形框与前侧板之间构成一个前腔体， 连接板、 圆角矩形框与后侧板之间构成一 个后腔体， 圆角矩形框内分布有栅栏， 在任意一个预热器中， 其圆角矩形框的 左右两端面均覆盖有隔离膜， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与其上腔体、 其第一下腔体 、 其第二下腔体和其第三下腔体隔离， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与其前腔体通过圆 角矩形框侧壁中的通道连通， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与其后腔体通过圆角矩形框 侧壁中的通道连通， 在任意一个冷凝器中， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与其上腔体、 其第一下腔体和其第二下腔体分别通过圆角矩形框侧壁中的通道连通， 其圆角 矩形框的内腔与其第三下腔体隔离、 其前腔体和其后腔体隔离， 在第一闪蒸器 和第二闪蒸器中， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与其上腔体、 其第三下腔体分别通过圆 角矩形框侧壁中的通道连通， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与其第一下腔体、 其第二下 腔体、 其前腔体和其后腔体隔离， 其圆角矩形框在其与冷凝器相邻的端面上覆 盖有隔离膜， 第一闪蒸器和第二闪蒸器在其壳体的外端面上分别密封覆盖有端 盖， 第一闪蒸器的端盖中设置有一个冷介质入口、 一个真空源连接口和一个浓 缩液出口， 第二闪蒸器的端盖中设置有一个预热后介质出口和一个热介质入口， 在第一闪蒸器、 第二闪蒸器、 冷凝器和预热器中， 任意相邻的两个壳体包括其 中的圆角矩形框和连接板均在其相邻的端面上密封连接， 第一闪蒸器的端盖中 的冷介质入口设置在第一闪蒸器中的后腔体上， 第一闪蒸器的端盖中的真空源 连接口设置在第一闪蒸器中的第二下腔体上， 第一闪蒸器的端盖中的浓缩液出 口设置在第一闪蒸器中的第三下腔体上， 第二闪蒸器的端盖中的预热后介质出 口设置在第二闪蒸器中的后腔体上， 第二闪蒸器的端盖中的热介质入口设置在 第二闪蒸器中的第三下腔体上。
[0011] 进一步的， 所述的栅栏阻挡介质在前后方向上的流动， 允许介质在上下方向上 的流动， 允许介质在所述的直线方向上的流动。
[0012] 进一步的， 所述的栅栏包括有复数根栏杆， 任意一根所述的栏杆的上端均连接 在圆角矩形框的上侧内壁， 任意一根栏杆的下端均连接在圆角矩形框的下侧内 壁。
[0013] 再进一步的， 所述的栏杆中设置有孔， 孔的延伸方向平行于第一闪蒸器、 第二 闪蒸器、 冷凝器和预热器的排列方向。
[0014] 进一步的， 所述的第一闪蒸器的壳体由两个结构相同的壳体单元并列密封连接 构成， 所述的第二闪蒸器的壳体也由两个结构相同的壳体单元并列密封连接构 成。
[0015] 进一步的， 闪蒸单元的数目为一个， 其真空源连接口通过管道与所述的真空源 连接， 其预热后介质出口与所述的外部加热器的待加热介质入口连接， 其热介 质入口与外部加热器的加热后介质出口连接。
[0016] 或者， 闪蒸单元的数目为两个以上， 在任意相邻的两个闪蒸单元之间， 第二个 闪蒸单元的真空源连接口与第一个闪蒸单元的第一下腔体连接， 第二个闪蒸单 元的浓缩液出口， 与第一个闪蒸单元的第三下腔体连接。
[0017] 再进一步的， 任意相邻的两个闪蒸单元密封连接， 在其中一个闪蒸单元中的第 一闪蒸器的端盖中设置有密封圈槽， 所述的密封圈槽内设置有密封圈， 密封圈 位于相邻的两个闪蒸单元之间。
[0018] 本发明的工作原理是： 待浓缩液体先连续流过每个闪蒸单元中的预热器， 预热 后的待浓缩液体在经过外部热源加热后， 继续连续流过每个闪蒸单元中由第三 下腔体形成的闪蒸空间， 从预热后的待浓缩液体流动的方向看， 待浓缩液在第 一级闪蒸单元的闪蒸空间内蒸发后， 产生的蒸汽流入第一级闪蒸单元顶部由上 腔体形成的蒸汽空间， 闪蒸单元内的格栅结构分离蒸汽所夹带的液体， 蒸汽随 后流入由第一下腔体和第二下腔体分别形成的冷凝器被冷凝成冷凝液， 冷凝器 和预热器毗邻排列， 流入预热器的待浓缩液隔着导热不透液薄膜被流入冷凝器 内的蒸汽预热， 蒸汽被冷凝成冷凝水后通过冷凝水通道流入到下一级闪蒸单元 中收集。
[0019] 本发明和已有技术相比较， 其效果是积极和明显的。 本发明将由两个闪蒸器、 两个以上数目的冷凝器和预热器组成的多个闪蒸单元组合， 利用一个闪蒸单元 内冷凝过程中放出的热量预热进入下一级闪蒸单元的液体， 提高了换热效率， 采用统一的壳体结构， 结构简单， 大大提高了气液分离效率并节约了能源。
[0020] 附图说明：
[0021] 图 1是本发明的多级闪蒸装置中的一个闪蒸单元的示意图。
[0022] 图 2是本发明的多级闪蒸装置中的第二或第 N级闪蒸单元的示意图。
[0023] 图 3是本发明的多级闪蒸装置中的多级闪蒸的过程示意图。
[0024] 图 4是本发明的多级闪蒸装置中的第一级闪蒸单元的左侧封板示意图。
[0025] 图 5是本发明的多级闪蒸装置中的第一级闪蒸单元的右侧封板示意图。
[0026] 图 6是本发明的多级闪蒸装置中的第二或第 N级闪蒸单元的左侧封板示意图。
[0027] 图 7是本发明的多级闪蒸装置中的闪蒸单元的示意图。
[0028] 图 8是本发明的多级闪蒸装置中与冷凝器相邻的闪蒸器的示意图。
[0029] 图 9是本发明的多级闪蒸装置中的预热器的示意图。
[0030] 图 10是本发明的多级闪蒸装置中的冷凝器的示意图。
[0031] 具体实施方式：
[0032] 实施例 1 如图 1、 图 2、 图 3、 图 4、 图 5、 图 6、 图 7、 图 8、 图 9和图 10所示， 本发明的多 级闪蒸装置， 包括一个外部加热器、 一个真空源和至少一个闪蒸单元， 所述的 外部加热器包括一个待加热介质入口和一个加热后介质出口， 其中， 任意一个 所述的闪蒸单元均各自包括有一个第一闪蒸器、 一个第二闪蒸器和两个以上数 目的冷凝器， 任意两个所述的冷凝器之间均各自设置有一个预热器， 所述的第 一闪蒸器、 第二闪蒸器、 冷凝器和预热器沿一条直线的方向并列设置， 第一闪 蒸器设置在排列在首端的冷凝器的外侧， 第二闪蒸器设置在排列在尾端的冷凝 器的外侧， 第一闪蒸器、 第二闪蒸器、 任意一个冷凝器和任意一个预热器均各 自包括有一个壳体， 所述的壳体的断面均近似矩形， 壳体包括一个顶面板、 一 个底面板、 一个前侧板、 一个后侧板、 一个左端面和一个右端面， 左端面和右 端面均垂直于所述的直线并与壳体的断面形状相同， 壳体的中部设置有一个圆 角矩形框， 所述的圆角矩形框的外周连接有复数个连接板， 所述的连接板分别 连接到壳体的顶面板、 底面板、 前侧板、 后侧板的内壁， 连接板、 圆角矩形框 与顶面板之间构成一个上腔体， 连接板、 圆角矩形框与底面板之间构成一个第 一下腔体、 一个第二下腔体和一个第三下腔体， 所述的第一下腔体和第二下腔 体分别与所述的第三下腔体的前、 后端相邻， 连接板、 圆角矩形框与前侧板之 间构成一个前腔体， 连接板、 圆角矩形框与后侧板之间构成一个后腔体， 圆角 矩形框内分布有栅栏， 在任意一个预热器中， 其圆角矩形框的左右两端面均覆 盖有隔离膜， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与其上腔体、 其第一下腔体、 其第二下腔体 和其第三下腔体隔离， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与其前腔体通过圆角矩形框侧壁中 的通道连通， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与其后腔体通过圆角矩形框侧壁中的通道连 通， 在任意一个冷凝器中， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与其上腔体、 其第一下腔体和 其第二下腔体分别通过圆角矩形框侧壁中的通道连通， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与 其第三下腔体隔离、 其前腔体和其后腔体隔离， 在第一闪蒸器和第二闪蒸器中 ， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与其上腔体、 其第三下腔体分别通过圆角矩形框侧壁中 的通道连通， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与其第一下腔体、 其第二下腔体、 其前腔体 和其后腔体隔离， 其圆角矩形框在其与冷凝器相邻的端面上覆盖有隔离膜， 第 一闪蒸器和第二闪蒸器在其壳体的外端面上分别密封覆盖有端盖， 第一闪蒸器 的端盖中设置有一个冷介质入口、 一个真空源连接口和一个浓缩液出口， 第二 闪蒸器的端盖中设置有一个预热后介质出口和一个热介质入口，在第一闪蒸器、 第二闪蒸器、 冷凝器和预热器中， 任意相邻的两个壳体包括其中的圆角矩形框 和连接板均在其相邻的端面上密封连接， 第一闪蒸器的端盖中的冷介质入口设 置在第一闪蒸器中的后腔体上， 第一闪蒸器的端盖中的真空源连接口设置在第 一闪蒸器中的第二下腔体上， 第一闪蒸器的端盖中的浓缩液出口设置在第一闪 蒸器中的第三下腔体上， 第二闪蒸器的端盖中的预热后介质出口设置在第二闪 蒸器中的后腔体上， 第二闪蒸器的端盖中的热介质入口设置在第二闪蒸器中的 第三下腔体上。
[0034] 进一步的， 第一闪蒸器的端盖与第一闪蒸器的壳体之间设置有密封圈， 第二闪 蒸器的端盖与第二闪蒸器的壳体之间设置有密封圈。
[0035] 进一步的， 所述的栅栏阻挡介质在前后方向上的流动， 允许介质在上下方向上 的流动， 允许介质在所述的直线方向上的流动。
[0036] 进一步的， 所述的栅栏包括有复数根栏杆， 任意一根所述的栏杆的上端均连接 在圆角矩形框的上侧内壁， 任意一根栏杆的下端均连接在圆角矩形框的下侧内 壁。
[0037] 再进一步的， 所述的栏杆中设置有孔， 孔的延伸方向平行于第一闪蒸器、 第二 闪蒸器、 冷凝器和预热器的排列方向。
[0038] 进一步的， 所述的第一闪蒸器的壳体由两个结构相同的壳体单元并列密封连接 构成， 所述的第二闪蒸器的壳体也由两个结构相同的壳体单元并列密封连接构 成。
[0039] 进一步的， 闪蒸单元的数目为一个， 其真空源连接口通过管道与所述的真空源 连接， 其预热后介质出口与所述的外部加热器的待加热介质入口连接， 其热介 质入口与外部加热器的加热后介质出口连接。
[0040] 或者， 闪蒸单元的数目为两个以上， 在任意相邻的两个闪蒸单元之间， 第二个 闪蒸单元的真空源连接口与第一个闪蒸单元的第一下腔体连接， 第二个闪蒸单 元的浓缩液出口， 与第一个闪蒸单元的第三下腔体连接。
[0041] 再进一步的， 任意相邻的两个闪蒸单元密封连接， 在其中一个闪蒸单元中的第 一闪蒸器的端盖中设置有密封圈槽， 所述的密封圈槽内设置有密封圈， 密封圈 位于相邻的两个闪蒸单元之间。
[0042] 本实施例的工作原理是： 待浓缩液体先连续流过每个闪蒸单元中的预热器， 预 热后的待浓缩液体在经过外部热源加热后， 继续连续流过每个闪蒸单元中由第 三下腔体形成的闪蒸空间， 从预热后的待浓缩液体流动的方向看， 待浓缩液在 第一级闪蒸单元的闪蒸空间内蒸发后， 产生的蒸汽流入第一级闪蒸单元顶部由 上腔体形成的蒸汽空间， 闪蒸单元内的格栅结构分离蒸汽所夹带的液体， 蒸汽 随后流入由第一下腔体和第二下腔体分别形成的冷凝器被冷凝成冷凝液， 冷凝 器和预热器毗邻排列， 流入预热器的待浓缩液隔着导热不透液薄膜被流入冷凝 器内的蒸汽预热， 蒸汽被冷凝成冷凝水后通过冷凝水通道流入到下一级闪蒸单 元中收集。
[0043] 具体的， 在图 1、 图 2、 图 3、 图 4、 图 5、 图 6、 图 7、 图 8、 图 9和图 10所示的实 施例中， 多个冷凝 /预热 /闪蒸级 10(a)、 10(b)组成了本发明的多级闪蒸装置， 每 个级内包含了相互毗邻的冷凝器 C， 预热器 B和闪蒸单元 A,A1。 其中预热器 B与 冷凝器 C毗邻间隔排列， 闪蒸单元 Α, ΑΙ位于每级的进口及出口端， 并且每级中 只有两个闪蒸单元 A1与冷凝器 C毗邻排列。
[0044] 冷凝器 C， 预热器 B和闪蒸单元 A, A1都是由多功能的闪蒸空间 15， 蒸汽空间 14 ， 液体空间 32， 冷凝水空间 35， 蒸汽 /液体可通过的通道 12， 蒸汽 /液体不可通过 的通道 13， 格栅 34以及导热不透液薄膜 18。 其中闪蒸单元具有上下都可通过蒸 汽 /液体的通道 12连接下部的闪蒸空间 15和上部的蒸汽空间 14， 蒸汽可以通过通 道流入闪蒸单元上部的蒸汽空间 14。 毗邻冷凝器 C的闪蒸单元 A1在靠近冷凝器的 一侧有导热不透液薄膜 18， 闪蒸单元 A, A1内的蒸汽 16不会与冷凝器 C内的蒸汽 / 液体相接触。 闪蒸单元两侧的通道 33不可通过蒸汽 /液体。 闪蒸单元 A的格栅 34 两侧没有导热不透液薄膜 18。
[0045] 冷凝器的下部通道 13不可通过蒸汽 /液体， 所以闪蒸空间 15内产生的蒸汽无法 从底部进入冷凝器 C。 冷凝器的上部通道 12可以通过蒸汽， 从闪蒸单元流入上部 蒸汽空间的蒸汽可通过冷凝器的上部通道流入冷凝器 C， 冷凝后的冷凝液 24流入 底部两侧的冷凝液空间 35收集后流入下一级。 冷凝器两侧的通道 33不可通过蒸 汽 /液体。 冷凝器 C的格栅 34两侧没有导热不透液薄膜 18。
[0046] 预热器 B的上部和下部通道 13不可通过蒸汽 /液体， 但是两侧的通道 36可以通过 液体， 待浓缩的液体 20从两侧的通道 36流入和流出预热器两侧的液体空间 32， 并通过封板上的液体通道 40在各级之间依次流动。 预热器的格栅 34两侧各有一 片导热不透液薄膜 18,
18， 流入预热器 B的待浓缩液体不会进入冷凝 C或闪蒸单元 A,
Al。 通过与冷凝器 C间隔排列， 预热器内的液体 20可以隔着导热不透液薄膜 18被 冷凝器内的蒸汽 16加热， 同吋冷凝器内的蒸汽 16也可有效冷凝成冷凝液 24。
[0047] 待浓缩的液体 20以及产生的冷凝液 24通过每个冷凝 /预热 /闪蒸级两侧封板上的 液体通道 40， 42流入或流出每级， 封板上的液体通道可连接两侧的液体空间 32 、 底部的闪蒸空间 15以及冷凝液空间 35。
[0048] 待浓缩的液体 20先依次流过每一级中的预热器 B， 预热后的待浓缩液 21通过外 部热源 31和热交换器 30继续加热至操作温度后流入第一级的闪蒸空间， 并依次 流过其余的级， 最后流入浓液罐收集并通过浓液泵传输至系统外部。
[0049] 第一级中产生的冷凝液 24会流进冷凝液空间 35后依次流入下一级， 最后流入冷 凝液罐 26中收集后通过冷凝液泵 29传输至系统外部。
[0050] 整个系统的冷凝 /预热 /闪蒸级和液体的流动都是在真空环境下操作， 真空由真 空泵 27提供， 抽真空的位置位于冷凝水罐上方， 待浓缩的液体 20无需通过水泵 传输， 可通过系统真空自吸入各级中流动。
[0051] 每个冷凝 /预热 /闪蒸级中的冷凝器 C， 预热器 B， 蒸发单元 A,
A1以及两侧封板 l l(a,b,c)通过焊接的方式连接， 焊接可采用摩擦焊或激光焊接。 每级之间通过橡胶圈进行拼接， 在真空的条件下可以达到密封的效果。
[0052] 图 3出示了一套三级闪蒸设备及过程的示意图， 该设备包含了三个冷凝 /预热 /闪 蒸级 10(a), 10(b)和 10(b)。 设备在负压下操作， 负压环境由真空泵 27提供。
[0053] 待浓缩液体 (20)从最右侧的冷凝 /预热 /闪蒸级 10(b)由负压吸入， 通过封板 11(b) 上的液体通道 40流入冷凝 /预热 /闪蒸级侧面的液体空间 32， 随后流过预热器 B— 侧的液体通道 36流入预热器 B并从另一侧液体通道流出进入另一侧的液体空间 32 ， 并再次通过封板 11(c)上的液体通道 36流出进入下一个冷凝 /预热 /闪蒸级 10(b) , 最终待浓缩液体 21在经过了三个冷凝 /预热 /闪蒸级的预热后从最左边封板 11(a)上 的液体通道 40流出。
[0054] 预热后的待浓缩液体 21通过热交换器 30经外部热源 31继续加热至操作温度后再 次流入第一冷凝 /预热 /闪蒸级 10(a), 经外部热源 31加热后的待浓缩液体 22通过第 一级底部的液体通道 41进入底部闪蒸空间 15， 产生的蒸汽 16经过蒸汽通道 12进 入闪蒸单元 A和 Al， 由下至上经过蒸汽通道 12后流入第一级顶部的蒸汽空间 14。 蒸汽在闪蒸单元 A和 A1内流动吋， 所夹带的液滴可由格栅 34收集并回流至底部的 闪蒸空间 15。 毗邻冷凝器 C的闪蒸单元 A1在格栅 34靠近冷凝器 C的一侧有不透液 的薄膜 18与冷凝器 C隔幵。
[0055] 流入第一级顶部蒸汽空间 14的蒸汽 16随后通过冷凝器 C顶部的蒸汽通道 12从上 至下流向底部， 与冷凝器 C毗邻的预热器 B格栅 34两侧有不透液的薄膜 18， 薄膜 内是待浓缩的液体 20， 液体隔着薄膜 18被冷凝器 C内的蒸汽 16加热， 同吋蒸汽也 冷凝成冷凝水 24流入冷凝器 C底部的冷凝水空间 35。
[0056] 经过第一级闪蒸后的液体浓度增加， 经过第二级封板 11(b)上的液体通道 41流入 第二级底部的闪蒸空间 15继续浓缩， 同吋第一级中产生的冷凝水 24也通过冷凝 水通道 42流入第二级的冷凝水空间 35内和第二级产生的冷凝水 24汇合， 料液经 过三级浓缩后得到最终的浓缩液 23， 浓缩液经第三极封板 11(b)上的液体通道 41 流出并流入浓缩液罐 25， 随后通过浓缩液泵 28打出。 三级中的冷凝水 24汇集后 从封板上的冷凝水通道 42流出并流入冷凝液罐 26， 随后通过冷凝液泵 29打出。 技术问题
问题的解决方案
发明的有益效果

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种多级闪蒸装置， 包括一个外部加热器、 一个真空源和至少一个闪 蒸单元， 所述的外部加热器包括一个待加热介质入口和一个加热后介 质出口， 其特征在于： 任意一个所述的闪蒸单元均各自包括有一个第 一闪蒸器、 一个第二闪蒸器和两个以上数目的冷凝器， 任意两个所述 的冷凝器之间均各自设置有一个预热器， 所述的第一闪蒸器、 第二闪 蒸器、 冷凝器和预热器沿一条直线的方向并列设置， 第一闪蒸器设置 在排列在首端的冷凝器的外侧， 第二闪蒸器设置在排列在尾端的冷凝 器的外侧， 第一闪蒸器、 第二闪蒸器、 任意一个冷凝器和任意一个预 热器均各自包括有一个壳体， 所述的壳体的断面均近似矩形， 壳体包 括一个顶面板、 一个底面板、 一个前侧板、 一个后侧板、 一个左端面 和一个右端面， 左端面和右端面均垂直于所述的直线并与壳体的断面 形状相同， 壳体的中部设置有一个圆角矩形框， 所述的圆角矩形框的 外周连接有复数个连接板， 所述的连接板分别连接到壳体的顶面板、 底面板、 前侧板、 后侧板的内壁， 连接板、 圆角矩形框与顶面板之间 构成一个上腔体， 连接板、 圆角矩形框与底面板之间构成一个第一下 腔体、 一个第二下腔体和一个第三下腔体， 所述的第一下腔体和第二 下腔体分别与所述的第三下腔体的前、 后端相邻， 连接板、 圆角矩形 框与前侧板之间构成一个前腔体， 连接板、 圆角矩形框与后侧板之间 构成一个后腔体， 圆角矩形框内分布有栅栏， 在任意一个预热器中， 其圆角矩形框的左右两端面均覆盖有隔离膜， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与 其上腔体、 其第一下腔体、 其第二下腔体和其第三下腔体隔离， 其圆 角矩形框的内腔与其前腔体通过圆角矩形框侧壁中的通道连通， 其圆 角矩形框的内腔与其后腔体通过圆角矩形框侧壁中的通道连通， 在任 意一个冷凝器中， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与其上腔体、 其第一下腔体和 其第二下腔体分别通过圆角矩形框侧壁中的通道连通， 其圆角矩形框 的内腔与其第三下腔体隔离、 其前腔体和其后腔体隔离， 在第一闪 蒸器和第二闪蒸器中， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与其上腔体、 其第三下腔 体分别通过圆角矩形框侧壁中的通道连通， 其圆角矩形框的内腔与其 第一下腔体、 其第二下腔体、 其前腔体和其后腔体隔离， 其圆角矩形 框在其与冷凝器相邻的端面上覆盖有隔离膜， 第一闪蒸器和第二闪蒸 器在其壳体的外端面上分别密封覆盖有端盖， 第一闪蒸器的端盖中设 置有一个冷介质入口、 一个真空源连接口和一个浓缩液出口， 第二闪 蒸器的端盖中设置有一个预热后介质出口和一个热介质入口，在第一 闪蒸器、 第二闪蒸器、 冷凝器和预热器中， 任意相邻的两个壳体包括 其中的圆角矩形框和连接板均在其相邻的端面上密封连接， 第一闪蒸 器的端盖中的冷介质入口设置在第一闪蒸器中的后腔体上， 第一闪蒸 器的端盖中的真空源连接口设置在第一闪蒸器中的第二下腔体上， 第 一闪蒸器的端盖中的浓缩液出口设置在第一闪蒸器中的第三下腔体上 ， 第二闪蒸器的端盖中的预热后介质出口设置在第二闪蒸器中的后腔 体上， 第二闪蒸器的端盖中的热介质入口设置在第二闪蒸器中的第三 下腔体上。
[权利要求 2] 如权利要求 1所述的多级闪蒸装置， 其特征在于： 所述的栅栏阻挡介 质在前后方向上的流动， 允许介质在上下方向上的流动， 允许介质在 所述的直线方向上的流动。
[权利要求 3] 如权利要求 1所述的多级闪蒸装置， 其特征在于： 所述的栅栏包括有 复数根栏杆， 任意一根所述的栏杆的上端均连接在圆角矩形框的上侧 内壁， 任意一根栏杆的下端均连接在圆角矩形框的下侧内壁。
[权利要求 4] 如权利要求 1所述的多级闪蒸装置， 其特征在于： 所述的第一闪蒸器 的壳体由两个结构相同的壳体单元并列密封连接构成， 所述的第二闪 蒸器的壳体也由两个结构相同的壳体单元并列密封连接构成。
[权利要求 5] 如权利要求 1所述的多级闪蒸装置， 其特征在于： 闪蒸单元的数目为 一个， 其真空源连接口通过管道与所述的真空源连接， 其预热后介质 出口与所述的外部加热器的待加热介质入口连接， 其热介质入口与外 部加热器的加热后介质出口连接。
[权利要求 6] 如权利要求 1所述的多级闪蒸装置， 其特征在于： 闪蒸单元的数目为 两个以上， 在任意相邻的两个闪蒸单元之间， 第二个闪蒸单元的真空 源连接口与第一个闪蒸单元的第一下腔体连接， 第二个闪蒸单元的浓 缩液出口与第一个闪蒸单元的第三下腔体连接。
[权利要求 7] 如权利要求 3所述的多级闪蒸装置， 其特征在于： 所述的栏杆中设置 有孔， 孔的延伸方向平行于第一闪蒸器、 第二闪蒸器、 冷凝器和预热 器的排列方向。
[权利要求 8] 如权利要求 6所述的多级闪蒸装置， 其特征在于： 任意相邻的两个闪 蒸单元密封连接， 在其中一个闪蒸单元中的第一闪蒸器的端盖中设置 有密封圈槽， 所述的密封圈槽内设置有密封圈， 密封圈位于相邻的两 个闪蒸单元之间。
PCT/CN2017/089635 2017-06-22 2017-06-22 多级闪蒸装置 WO2018232709A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2017/089635 WO2018232709A1 (zh) 2017-06-22 2017-06-22 多级闪蒸装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2017/089635 WO2018232709A1 (zh) 2017-06-22 2017-06-22 多级闪蒸装置

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018232709A1 true WO2018232709A1 (zh) 2018-12-27

Family

ID=64735369

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2017/089635 WO2018232709A1 (zh) 2017-06-22 2017-06-22 多级闪蒸装置

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2018232709A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023016619A1 (en) 2021-08-12 2023-02-16 Heinzl, Wolfgang Frames for a multi-stage flash evaporation and condensation system and system comprising said frames

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4936954A (en) * 1984-11-10 1990-06-26 Metallgesellschaft Ag Apparatus for separating liquid mixtures by pervaporation
CN101759238A (zh) * 2009-12-16 2010-06-30 南京工业大学 一种肋板式海水淡化装置
CN102438733A (zh) * 2009-05-06 2012-05-02 沃尔夫冈·海因茨尔 模块化流系统
CN103732311A (zh) * 2011-07-29 2014-04-16 Aaa水技术公司 膜蒸馏装置
CN205740406U (zh) * 2016-05-18 2016-11-30 洛阳双瑞特种装备有限公司 一种高效紧凑的小型海水淡化装置
CN106731852A (zh) * 2017-03-20 2017-05-31 国家海洋局天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所 一种板式真空膜蒸馏蒸发器及应用

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4936954A (en) * 1984-11-10 1990-06-26 Metallgesellschaft Ag Apparatus for separating liquid mixtures by pervaporation
CN102438733A (zh) * 2009-05-06 2012-05-02 沃尔夫冈·海因茨尔 模块化流系统
CN101759238A (zh) * 2009-12-16 2010-06-30 南京工业大学 一种肋板式海水淡化装置
CN103732311A (zh) * 2011-07-29 2014-04-16 Aaa水技术公司 膜蒸馏装置
CN205740406U (zh) * 2016-05-18 2016-11-30 洛阳双瑞特种装备有限公司 一种高效紧凑的小型海水淡化装置
CN106731852A (zh) * 2017-03-20 2017-05-31 国家海洋局天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所 一种板式真空膜蒸馏蒸发器及应用

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023016619A1 (en) 2021-08-12 2023-02-16 Heinzl, Wolfgang Frames for a multi-stage flash evaporation and condensation system and system comprising said frames

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103387308B (zh) 多效膜蒸馏‐多级闪蒸海水淡化系统
RU2562649C2 (ru) Устройство многоступенчатой мембранной дистилляции
CN107032429A (zh) 一种反渗透浓水处理系统及处理工艺
JP4400857B2 (ja) プレート式造水装置
CN201244370Y (zh) 板式自由降膜真空浓缩器
WO2022037001A1 (zh) 污水处理系统
CN204051448U (zh) 高效平板膜蒸馏装置
CN102861512A (zh) 一种耦合式膜蒸馏组件装置及方法
CN104190259A (zh) 减压多效膜蒸馏方法及其装置
CN101632901A (zh) 一种热回收式减压膜蒸馏组件装置及方法
CN108744571B (zh) 一种常压操作的气隙扩散蒸馏方法及装置
CN103316588A (zh) 多效膜蒸馏装置与方法
WO2018232709A1 (zh) 多级闪蒸装置
CN102949936A (zh) 一种高效耦合式膜蒸馏组件装置及方法
CN105692744B (zh) 一种医用多效蒸馏水机
JP2007078326A (ja) 蒸発装置
CN109499080A (zh) 一种用于氯化钙生产的蒸发设备
CN211411021U (zh) 一种带液位平衡功能的物料蒸发器
WO2015025334A2 (en) Spray modular evaporator
CN212523051U (zh) 浓缩铝酸钠溶液用七效管板结合降膜蒸发系统
US20220134251A1 (en) Method, process and apparatus for the very low temperature evaporation system
CN209270869U (zh) 一种辐射加热喷射闪蒸析晶系统
CN103203113B (zh) 一种多效节能浓缩蒸发器
CN201249103Y (zh) 一种热回收式减压膜蒸馏组件装置
CN207210005U (zh) 一种反渗透浓水处理系统

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 17914169

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 17914169

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1