WO2018232677A1 - 一种移动终端的天线及具有该天线的移动终端 - Google Patents

一种移动终端的天线及具有该天线的移动终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018232677A1
WO2018232677A1 PCT/CN2017/089478 CN2017089478W WO2018232677A1 WO 2018232677 A1 WO2018232677 A1 WO 2018232677A1 CN 2017089478 W CN2017089478 W CN 2017089478W WO 2018232677 A1 WO2018232677 A1 WO 2018232677A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
capacitor
radiator
mobile terminal
ground
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PCT/CN2017/089478
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
约瑟夫⋅盖伊
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上海传英信息技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2018232677A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018232677A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/328—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors between a radiating element and ground
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mobile terminals, and in particular, to an antenna of a mobile terminal and a mobile terminal having the same.
  • a switchable multi-radiator broadband antenna device and a method of controlling the same are disclosed in the U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US Pat. No. 3,530,008 B2, which is incorporated in a portable mobile device (for example, a cellular phone or a smart phone) and is operable.
  • the antenna device includes a metal radiator, two feed assemblies, and a ground assembly.
  • a feed assembly is used to adjust the antenna to operate in both the low and high frequency bands.
  • Another feed assembly is used to operate the world at a high frequency band.
  • a switch assembly is used to change the signal flow direction of the feed assembly. While the device is in operation, the user's body (eg, the hand) may cover or obstruct one of the antenna assemblies. The signal flow direction is automatically switched to another component for the case where the performance of the covered or blocked antenna component is degraded, thereby improving the robustness of the mobile device.
  • the prior art antenna design scheme has a narrow bandwidth in a low frequency band (LB), and in order to cover the entire low frequency band, 3-4 frequency modulation states are often required;
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an antenna for a mobile terminal.
  • a coupling antenna is designed based on the slot to achieve coverage of multiple frequency bands and cost savings of components.
  • the invention discloses an antenna of a mobile terminal, the mobile terminal has a metal outer casing, and an end of the metal outer casing is cut to form a slit, and the metal outer casing is divided into a narrow body part on one side of the end edge and another a body portion of the one side, the antenna includes a first resonant circuit and a second resonant circuit; the first resonant circuit is coupled to the slot, and includes a first radiator, a feeding end disposed on the body portion, and The first grounding end of the body portion, the first feeding component, and the fourth feeding component constitute a loop antenna unit; the second resonant circuit is coupled to the slot, and includes a second radiator disposed on the body The fourth ground end of the portion and the second feed assembly form a monopole antenna unit.
  • the first radiator is in an open annular shape and is disposed on the narrow body portion, and one end of the opening extends to the edge of the slit to form a first end, and the first end passes the first feeding
  • An assembly is coupled to the first ground end, the first feed assembly includes a first inductor and a first capacitor connected in series; the other end of the opening extends along the slit to form a second end, the second The end portion is connected to the feed end through the fourth feed assembly, the fourth feed assembly includes a second inductor and a signal source connected in series, and the second inductor is disposed in the slot and arranged in the direction Same as the second end.
  • the first resonant circuit further includes a second ground end disposed on the body portion; the other end of the first radiator opening extends to the body portion in a direction orthogonal to the second end portion Forming a third end; the first resonant circuit further includes a fifth feed assembly, the fifth feed assembly further comprising a second capacitor, the third end passing the second capacitor and the second Ground connection.
  • the second radiator is of a unipolar type; the second feed assembly comprises a third inductor and a third capacitor connected in series.
  • the antenna further includes a ground switching circuit coupled to the slot, the ground switching circuit including a third radiator, a third ground provided at the body portion, and a third feed assembly.
  • the third radiator is a unipolar type;
  • the third feeding component includes a switch, a fourth capacitor, and a grounding resistor, the fourth capacitor and the grounding resistor are connected to the third radiator, and the switching switch selects the fourth capacitor or the grounding resistor to be connected to the third ground.
  • the first inductor and the third inductor are adjustable inductors, and the second capacitor is a tunable capacitor.
  • the invention also discloses a mobile terminal, including any of the above antennas.
  • the mobile terminal is provided with a first antenna and a second antenna, both of which are identical in structure and axially symmetrical.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna of a mobile terminal in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the topology of an antenna of a mobile terminal in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a detailed structural diagram of an antenna of a mobile terminal in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna of a mobile terminal according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing experimental results of antenna radiation efficiency of a mobile terminal in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing experimental results of antenna band response of a mobile terminal in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • 10-antenna 20-metal housing, 21-narrow body, 22-body portion, 23-slit, 30-first resonant circuit, 31-first radiator, 311-first end, 312-second end Portion, 313-third end, 32-feed end, 33-first ground, 34-first feed assembly, 341-first inductor, 342-first capacitor, 35-fourth feed assembly, 351-second inductance, 352-signal source, 36-second ground terminal, 37-fifth feed assembly, 371-second capacitor, 40-second resonance circuit, 41-second radiator, 42-fourth Ground terminal, 43-second feed component, 431-third inductor, 432-third capacitor, 50-ground switching circuit, 51-third radiator, 52-third ground, 53-third feed assembly , 531-switch, 532-fourth capacitor, 533-grounding resistor, 60-first antenna, 70 second antenna, 81-first radiation efficiency curve, 82-second radiation efficiency curve, 83-third radiation efficiency Curve, 91 - first band response curve,
  • the mobile terminal includes:
  • the metal casing 20 is disposed on the surface of the mobile terminal and mainly includes a back side and a narrow side of the periphery for mounting and protecting internal components of the mobile terminal.
  • the end of the metal casing 20 is cut to form a slit 23 which is divided by the slit 23 into a narrow body portion 21 on the side of the end edge and a body portion 22 on the other side.
  • the slot 23 may be provided at an upper end of the mobile terminal or at a lower end of the mobile terminal.
  • the slit 23 is filled with a non-metallic material to isolate the narrow body portion 21 and the body portion 22, so that the narrow body portion 21 and the body portion 22 are in an insulated state, and the oscillation induction is performed according to the signal of the feed assembly.
  • the antenna 10 includes:
  • the first resonant circuit 30 is coupled to the slot 23 and includes a first radiator 31, a feeding end 32 disposed on the body portion 22, a first grounding end 33 disposed on the body portion 22, and a first feeding component. 34 and the fourth feed module 35 constitute a loop antenna unit. Resonance, that is, the frequency of an oscillating circuit resonates with another oscillating circuit (or electromagnetic wave) that is oscillating. The role of the first resonant circuit 30 in the antenna 10 is critical. Without the first resonant circuit 30, the antenna 10 cannot oscillate and cannot transmit or receive electromagnetic wave signals.
  • the first radiator 31 is an antenna in a narrow sense, which is a transducer that converts a signal propagating on a wired medium into an electromagnetic wave propagating in an unbounded medium (usually free space), or vice versa ; is a component used in radio equipment to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves.
  • the antennas are reversible, that is, the same antenna can be used as both a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna; the same characteristic parameters of the same antenna as transmitting or receiving are the same; that is, the reciprocity theorem of the antenna.
  • the antenna 10 has richer connotations than the narrowly defined antenna, and further includes components such as the first resonant circuit 30 and the second resonant circuit 40, so that the antenna 10 can operate in multiple frequency bands and the frequency. adjustable.
  • the antenna 10 works in a frequency band of a mobile communication network, and includes various network standards such as 2G, 3G, and 4G, and supports the mobile terminal to perform information interaction with the outside.
  • the coupling refers to a phenomenon in which two or more circuit elements or an electric network or the like have a close fit and interaction between the input and the output, and transfer energy from one side to the other through the interaction.
  • the first resonant circuit 30 is coupled to the slot 23, that is, electrical energy and electromagnetic energy are induced between the two, thereby emitting electromagnetic waves or receiving electromagnetic waves to realize a signal transmission function.
  • the loop antenna is formed by winding a metal wire A certain shape, such as a circle, a square, a triangle, etc., with a structure in which both ends of the conductor are used as an output end.
  • small loop antennas are the most widely used in practice, such as antennas in radios, portable radio receiver antennas, radio navigation positioning antennas, and probe antennas for field strength meters.
  • the components of the first resonant circuit 30 constitute a loop antenna unit, which fully exploits the advantages of the loop antenna.
  • the feeding end 32 connects the antenna 10 and the feed line to become a signal input end or an output end of the antenna 10.
  • the power feeding end 32 has only one, that is, the multi-band coverage of the antenna 10 is realized by a feeding end 32, which is also a technical advantage of the present invention, which saves design space and makes full use of the antenna structure. Resources.
  • the second resonant circuit 40 coupled to the slot 23, includes a second radiator 41, a fourth ground end 42 disposed on the body portion 22, and a second feed assembly 43 to form a monopole antenna unit.
  • the monopole antenna is a vertical quarter-wave antenna, and the antenna is equivalent to a ground plane. It may be an actual ground or an equivalent ground such as a vehicle body or a human body.
  • the components of the second resonant circuit 40 constitute a monopole antenna that is connected across the two sides of the slot 23, and the ground plane is the body portion 22.
  • the ground switching circuit 50 is coupled to the slot 23, and the ground switching circuit 50 includes a third radiator 51, a third ground end 52 disposed on the body portion 22, and a third feed assembly 53.
  • the grounding switching circuit 50 is of a unipolar type, spanning on both sides of the slot 23, and its ground plane is the body portion 22.
  • the structure of the antenna 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a macro structure, and the arrangement structure of the first resonant circuit 30, the second resonant circuit 40, the ground switching circuit 50, and the slit 23 can be seen.
  • the internal structure of the above circuit is explained in detail below.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the topology of the antenna 10 of the mobile terminal in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing the connection relationship between the internal components of the first resonant circuit 30, the second resonant circuit 40, and the ground switching circuit 50. .
  • the first resonant circuit 30 further includes a second ground end 36 and a fifth feed assembly 37 disposed on the body portion 22.
  • the first radiator 31 is connected to the first feeding component 34, the fourth feeding component 35, and the fifth feeding component 37; the first feeding component 34 is connected to the first grounding end 33;
  • the fourth feed assembly 35 is connected to the feed end 32;
  • the fifth feed assembly 37 is connected to the second ground end 36.
  • the second radiator 41 is connected to the second feed assembly 43, and the second feed assembly 43 is connected to the fourth ground terminal 42.
  • the third radiator 51 is connected to the third feeding component 53.
  • the third feed assembly 53 is coupled to the third ground terminal 52.
  • FIG. 3 a detailed structural diagram of an antenna of a mobile terminal in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention further describes internal components and structural features of the first resonant circuit 30, the second resonant circuit 40, and the ground switching circuit 50.
  • the first radiator 31 has an open annular shape and is disposed on the narrow body portion 21, and one end of the opening extends to an edge of the slit 23 to form a first end portion 311, and the first end portion 311 passes through the first
  • the feed assembly 34 is coupled to the first ground terminal 33.
  • the other end of the opening extends along the slot 23 to form a second end 312 that is coupled to the feed end 32 by the fourth feed assembly 35.
  • the other end of the opening extends in a direction orthogonal to the second end 312 to the body portion 22 to form a third end portion 313.
  • the first feeding group 34 includes:
  • the first inductor 341 has one end connected to the first ground end 33 and the other end connected to the first capacitor 342.
  • the first capacitor 342 has one end connected to the first inductor 341 and the other end connected to the first end 311.
  • the first capacitor 342 and the first inductor 341 are in a series resonant state when in operation.
  • the fourth feed assembly 35 includes:
  • the second inductor 351 is disposed in the slit 23 and arranged in the same direction as the second end portion 312.
  • the second inductor 351 has one end connected in series with the signal source 352 and the other end connected to the third end 313.
  • the signal source 352 has one end connected to the feeding end 32 and the other end connected to the second inductor 351.
  • the signal source 32 emits an electrical signal of a certain frequency, generates resonance within the antenna 10, and is emitted by the first radiator 31 in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • the fifth feed assembly 37 includes:
  • the second capacitor 371 has one end connected to the second ground end 36 and the other end connected to the third end portion 313.
  • the second feed assembly 43 includes:
  • the third inductor 431 has one end connected to the fourth ground end 42 and the other end connected to the third capacitor 432.
  • the third capacitor 432 has one end connected to the second radiator 41 and the other end connected to the third inductor 431.
  • the third capacitor 432 and the third inductor 431 operate in a series resonant state.
  • the third feed assembly 53 includes:
  • the switch 531 includes a fixed end and a select end.
  • the fixed end is connected to the third ground end 52.
  • the select end is connected to the fourth capacitor 532 and the grounding resistor 533, respectively.
  • the switch 531 is connected to one of the fourth capacitor 532 and the grounding resistor 533, so that the third radiator 51 is in a capacitive ground or a resistance ground state, which indirectly causes the antenna 10 to be in different working states.
  • the fourth capacitor 532 has one end connected to the third radiator 51 and the other end connected to the selection end of the changeover switch 531, and is in a grounded or floating state according to the operating state of the changeover switch 531.
  • the grounding resistor 533 has one end connected to the third radiator 51 and the other end connected to the selection end of the changeover switch 531, and is in a grounded or suspended state according to the operating state of the changeover switch 531. It can be easily seen that the grounding resistor 533 and the fourth capacitor 532 are connected in parallel to the third radiator 51, and are respectively grounded according to the operating state of the switching switch 531.
  • the first inductor 341 and the third inductor 431 are adjustable inductors, and the second capacitor 371 is a tunable capacitor.
  • the tunable component is selected as the selection requirement of the inductor and the capacitor, so that the inductance value of the first inductor 341 and the third inductor 431 can be changed, and the capacitance value of the second capacitor 371 can be changed.
  • the change in the inductance value and the capacitance value causes the resonant frequency of the antenna 10 to change. Therefore, adjusting the inductance value and the capacitance value can cause the antenna 10 to operate at different frequencies.
  • the mobile terminal includes:
  • the first antenna 60 is configured in the same manner as the antenna 10, and is disposed on the left side of the upper end of the mobile terminal, and can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the second antenna 70 is configured in the same manner as the first antenna 60, and is disposed on the right side of the upper end of the mobile terminal, and is axially symmetric with the first antenna 60 to cover a plurality of frequency bands.
  • two mobile antennas are provided in the mobile terminal, and the first antenna 60 and the second antenna 70 are provided.
  • the operational status may be interchanged, for example, the first antenna 60 is operating in a transmitting state and the second antenna 70 is operating in a receiving state.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing experimental results of antenna radiation efficiency of a mobile terminal according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing experimental results of radiation efficiency in three kinds of frequency modulation states, namely, a first radiation efficiency curve 81 and a second radiation efficiency curve 82, respectively. And a third radiation efficiency curve 83.
  • the abscissa is frequency
  • the unit is MHz, that is, megahertz
  • the abscissa axis ranges from 600 MHz to 2670 MHz
  • the ordinate is radiation efficiency
  • the unit is dB
  • the ordinate axis ranges from -1 dB to -6 dB.
  • the first radiation efficiency curve 81 has better radiation efficiency in the frequency range of 780 MHz to 960 MHz and 1950 MHz to 2670 MHz. In the frequency modulation state, the antenna 10 performs better in the low frequency band and the high frequency band.
  • the second radiation efficiency curve 82 has better radiation efficiency in the frequency range of 700 MHz to 780 MHz and 1710 MHz to 2310 MHz.
  • the antenna 10 performs better in the middle frequency band and the high frequency band.
  • the third radiation efficiency curve 83 has better radiation efficiency in the frequency bands of 600 MHz to 650 MHz, 860 MHz to 1000 MHz, and 1650 MHz to 2250 MHz. In the frequency modulation state, the antenna 10 performs better in the middle frequency band.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an experimental result of an antenna band response of a mobile terminal according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • the results of frequency band response experiments under three kinds of frequency modulation states are shown, which are a first frequency band response curve 91 and a second frequency band response curve 92, respectively.
  • the third frequency band response curve 93 In Fig. 6, the abscissa is the frequency, and the range is 500 MHz to 3000 MHz; the ordinate is the band response parameter.
  • the first frequency band response curve 91 has a good frequency band response in the frequency bands of 1050 MHz to 1950 MHz, 2200 MHz to 2400 MHz, and 2700 MHz to 3000 MHz.
  • the antenna 10 performs better in the middle frequency band and responds in the high frequency band. The range is narrower.
  • the second frequency band response curve 92 has a good frequency band response in the frequency range of 800 MHz to 1800 MHz and 2100 MHz to 3000 MHz.
  • the antenna 10 performs better in the middle frequency band and the high frequency band, and has significant performance in the low frequency band. Ground response to attenuation.
  • the third frequency band response curve 93 has a good frequency band response in the frequency bands of 650 MHz to 1700 MHz and 2100 MHz to 3000 MHz.
  • the antenna 10 In the frequency modulation state, the antenna 10 has better performance in the low frequency band, the middle frequency band and the high frequency band, and the response range is good. More extensive.
  • the present invention relates to The technical effects of the antenna system are not limited to the experimental results shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the frequency modulation parameters of the antenna system 10 are adjusted accordingly, and different communication technology performances are obtained.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种移动终端的天线及具有该天线的移动终端，所述移动终端具有金属外壳，所述金属外壳的端部经切割形成缝隙，所述金属外壳被缝隙分割为端部边缘一侧的窄体部和另一侧的本体部，所述天线包括第一谐振电路及第二谐振电路；所述第一谐振电路与所述缝隙耦合，包括第一辐射体、设于所述本体部的馈电端、设于本体部的第一接地端、第一馈电组件及第四馈电组件，构成环状天线单元；所述第二谐振电路与所述缝隙耦合，包括第二辐射体、设于所述本体部的第四接地端以及第二馈电组件，构成单极天线单元。本发明的技术方案减少天线的元器件数量以及整个设计复杂度，降低成本；减小用户手部效应对天线性能的影响。

Description

一种移动终端的天线及具有该天线的移动终端 技术领域
本发明涉及移动终端领域，尤其涉及一种移动终端的天线及具有该天线的移动终端。
背景技术
如今，随着通信技术的发展，2G、3G、4G、WIFI、GPS网络共存，为了兼容不同网络，移动设备的天线需要能够工作在多个频段上。在移动终端设备领域中，天线的设计环境非常复杂，空间有限，并且须考虑与其他的功能组件共享空间结构。其中一个限制就是单纯地设计单一的一种天线无法覆盖所需的所有频带，为了满足在多个频段上工作的需求，就必须设计多个天线单元。此外，近几年来无线通讯设备常采用金属作为壳体，相对于传统塑料机壳设备，提供了更好的美观效果。然而，因大部分信号都会被金属部件阻碍，因此为这类设备设计天线技术难度很高。
现有技术已经对解决此问题作出了努力，常用的技术方案是在金属机壳上设置缝隙，在所述缝隙结构基础上进行天线设计。如美国专利公开说明书(公开号：US9350081B2)公开了一种可切换多辐射体宽带天线设备及控制该设备的方法，所述天线设备设于手持移动设备(例如蜂窝电话或智能手机)，可工作在低频段和高频段。所述天线设备包括一个金属辐射体、两个馈电组件和一个接地组件。一个馈电组件用于调整所述天线同时在低频段和高频段工作。另一馈电组件用于使所述天下在高频段工作。一个开关组件用于改变所述馈电组件的信号流向。在所述设备工作的时候，用户的身体(例如手部)可能覆盖或阻碍其中一个天线组件。针对被覆盖或阻碍的天线组件性能下降的情况，所述信号流向会被自动切换至另一组件，从而提升移动设备的鲁棒性。
现有技术通过在移动设备内设置多个天线组件来实现对多个通信频带的支持，然而仍存在以下问题：
1.现有技术的天线设计方案在低频带(LB)的带宽较窄，为了覆盖整个低频段，经常需要3-4个调频状态；
2.在同一个移动设备中若需要覆盖所有频段，需要多个调频组件；
3.同时在低频、中频、高频上获得最优性能很困难，
4.用一个单独的天线馈点无法接入所有的调频组件。
因此需要设计一种适用于移动终端的天线，能够利用有限的设计环境条件满足多个频段的工作需求，同时减少元器件成本。
发明内容
为了克服上述技术缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种移动终端的天线，通过在所述移动终端的金属外壳上设置缝隙，基于所述缝隙设计耦合天线，实现覆盖多频段及节省元器件成本的技术效果。
本发明公开了一种移动终端的天线，所述移动终端具有金属外壳，所述金属外壳的端部经切割形成缝隙，所述金属外壳被缝隙分割为端部边缘一侧的窄体部和另一侧的本体部，所述天线包括第一谐振电路及第二谐振电路；所述第一谐振电路与所述缝隙耦合，包括第一辐射体、设于所述本体部的馈电端、设于本体部的第一接地端、第一馈电组件及第四馈电组件，构成环状天线单元；所述第二谐振电路与所述缝隙耦合，包括第二辐射体、设于所述本体部的第四接地端以及第二馈电组件，构成单极天线单元。
优选地，所述第一辐射体呈开口环状，设于所述窄体部，所述开口的一端延伸至所述缝隙边缘形成第一端部，所述第一端部通过第一馈电组件与所述第一接地端连接，所述第一馈电组件包括串接的第一电感和第一电容；所述开口的另一端沿所述缝隙延伸形成第二端部，所述第二端部通过所述第四馈电组件与所述馈电端连接，所述第四馈电组件包括串接的第二电感和信号源，所述第二电感设于所述缝隙内且排列方向与所述第二端部相同。
优选地，所述第一谐振电路还包括设于所述本体部的第二接地端；所述第一辐射体开口的另一端沿与所述第二端部正交方向延伸至所述本体部形成第三端部；所述第一谐振电路还包括第五馈电组件，所述第五馈电组件还包括第二电容，所述第三端部通过所述第二电容与所述第二接地端连接。
优选地，所述第二辐射体为单极型；所述第二馈电组件包括串接的第三电感和第三电容。
优选地，所述天线还包括接地切换电路，与所述缝隙耦合，所述接地切换电路包括第三辐射体、设于所述本体部的第三接地端及第三馈电组件。
优选地，所述第三辐射体为单极型；所述第三馈电组件包括切换开关、第四电容及 接地电阻，所述第四电容和接地电阻并接于所述第三辐射体，所述切换开关选择所述第四电容或接地电阻与所述第三接地端连接。
优选地，所述第一电感、第三电感为可调电感，所述第二电容为可调电容。
本发明还公开了一种移动终端，包括上述任一种天线。
优选地，所述移动终端内设有第一天线和第二天线，两者结构相同且轴向对称。
采用了上述技术方案后，与现有技术相比，具有以下有益效果：
1.在同一个天线调频状态下更多的频段可以被覆盖，因此可以减少元器件数量以及整个设计复杂度，降低成本；
2.减小用户手部效应对天线性能的影响。
附图说明
图1为符合本发明一优选实施例中移动终端的天线的结构示意图；
图2为符合本发明一优选实施例中移动终端的天线的拓扑结构示意图；
图3为符合本发明一优选实施例中移动终端的天线的详细结构示意图；
图4为符合本发明另一优选实施例中移动终端的天线的结构示意图；
图5为符合本发明一优选实施例中移动终端的天线辐射效率实验结果示意图；
图6为符合本发明一优选实施例中移动终端的天线频带响应实验结果示意图。
附图标记：
10-天线、20-金属外壳、21-窄体部、22-本体部、23-缝隙、30-第一谐振电路、31-第一辐射体、311-第一端部、312-第二端部、313-第三端部、32-馈电端、33-第一接地端、34-第一馈电组件、341-第一电感、342-第一电容、35-第四馈电组件、351-第二电感、352-信号源、36-第二接地端、37-第五馈电组件、371-第二电容、40-第二谐振电路、41-第二辐射体、42-第四接地端、43-第二馈电组件、431-第三电感、432-第三电容、50-接地切换电路、51-第三辐射体、52-第三接地端、53-第三馈电组件、531-切换开关、532-第四电容、533-接地电阻、60-第一天线、70第二天线、81-第一辐射效率曲线、82-第二辐射效率曲线、83-第三辐射效率曲线、91-第一频带响应曲线、92-第二频带响应曲线、93-第三频带响应曲线。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图与具体实施例进一步阐述本发明的优点。
参阅图1，为符合本发明一优选实施例中移动终端的天线10的结构示意图，所述移动终端包括：
-金属外壳20
所述金属外壳20，设于所述移动终端表面，主要包括背面和四周的窄侧面，用于安装及保护所述移动终端的内部部件。所述金属外壳20的端部经切割形成缝隙23，所述金属外壳被缝隙23分割为端部边缘一侧的窄体部21和另一侧的本体部22。所述缝隙23即可设于所述移动终端的上端部，也可设于所述移动终端的下端部。所述缝隙23由非金属材料填充，以隔绝所述窄体部21和本体部22，使所述窄体部21和本体部22处于绝缘状态，并根据馈电组件的信号进行震荡感应。
所述天线10包括：
-第一谐振电路30
第一谐振电路30，与所述缝隙23耦合，包括第一辐射体31、设于所述本体部22的馈电端32、设于本体部22的第一接地端33、第一馈电组件34及第四馈电组件35，构成环状天线单元。所谓谐振，即一个振荡电路的频率使它与另一个正在发生振荡的振荡电路(或电磁波)发生谐振。所述第一谐振电路30在所述天线10中的作用是至关重要的，没有所述第一谐振电路30，所述天线10就无法产生震荡，也就无法发送或接收电磁波信号。
所述第一辐射体31是狭义上的天线，它是一种变换器，它把有线介质上传播的信号，变换成在无界媒介(通常是自由空间)中传播的电磁波，或者进行相反的变换；是在无线电设备中用来发射或接收电磁波的部件。无线电通信、广播、电视、雷达、导航、电子对抗、遥感、射电天文等工程系统，凡是利用电磁波来传递信息的，都依靠天线来进行工作。通常天线都具有可逆性，即同一副天线既可用作发射天线，也可用作接收天线；同一天线作为发射或接收的基本特性参数是相同的；即天线的互易定理。本实施例中，所述天线10的内涵比狭义的天线要丰富，还包括了第一谐振电路30、第二谐振电路40等组件，使得所述天线10能够工作在多个频段上，且频率可调节。所述天线10工作在移动通信网络的频段，包括2G、3G、4G等多种网络制式，支持所述移动终端与外部进行信息交互。
所述耦合是指两个或两个以上的电路元件或电网络等的输入与输出之间存在紧密配合与相互影响，并通过相互作用从一侧向另一侧传输能量的现象。本实施例中，所述第一谐振电路30与所述缝隙23耦合，即两者之间发生了电能及电磁能的感应，从而发射出电磁波或者接收到电磁波，实现信号传输功能。所述环形天线是将一根金属导线绕成 一定形状，如圆形、方形、三角形等，以导体两端作为输出端的结构。特别是小型的环形天线是实际中应用最多的，如收音机中的天线、便携式电台接受天线、无线电导航定位天线、场强计的探头天线等。本实施例中，所述第一谐振电路30的各个部件构成了环形天线单元，充分发挥环形天线的优势。所述馈电端32连接所述天线10和馈线，成为所述天线10的信号输入端或输出端。本实施例中，所述馈电端32仅有一个，即通过一个馈电端32实现所述天线10的多频段覆盖，这也是本发明的技术优点，节约了设计空间，充分利用了天线结构资源。
-第二谐振电路40
第二谐振电路40，与所述缝隙23耦合，包括第二辐射体41、设于所述本体部22的第四接地端42以及第二馈电组件43，构成单极天线单元。所述单极天线为垂直的四分之一波长的天线，天线等效在一个接地平面上，它可以是实际地面，也可以是车体、人体等等效地面。本实施例中，所述第二谐振电路40的各个部件构成单极天线，跨接在所述缝隙23的两侧，其接地平面为所述本体部22。
-接地切换电路50
接地切换电路50，与所述缝隙23耦合，所述接地切换电路50包括第三辐射体51、设于所述本体部22的第三接地端52及第三馈电组件53。所述接地切换电路50呈单极型，跨接在所述缝隙23的两侧，其接地平面为所述本体部22。
综上所述，图1所示的所述天线10的结构为宏观结构，可以看到所述第一谐振电路30、第二谐振电路40、接地切换电路50与所述缝隙23的布设结构，上述电路的内部结构在下文详细阐述。
参阅图2，为符合本发明一优选实施例中移动终端的天线10的拓扑结构示意图，展示了所述第一谐振电路30、第二谐振电路40及接地切换电路50内部各部件之间的连接关系。
所述第一谐振电路30，还包括设于本体部22的第二接地端36和第五馈电组件37。所述第一辐射体31与所述第一馈电组件34、第四馈电组件35、第五馈电组件37连接；所述第一馈电组件34与所述第一接地端33连接；所述第四馈电组件35与所述馈电端32连接；所述第五馈电组件37与所述第二接地端36连接。
所述第二谐振电路40内部，所述第二辐射体41与所述第二馈电组件43连接，所述第二馈电组件43与所述第四接地端42连接。
所述接地切换电路50内部，所述第三辐射体51与所述第三馈电组件53连接，所述 第三馈电组件53与所述第三接地端52连接。
参阅图3，为符合本发明一优选实施例中移动终端的天线的详细结构示意图，进一步描述了所述第一谐振电路30、第二谐振电路40及接地切换电路50的内部构成及结构特征。
所述第一辐射体31呈开口环状，设于所述窄体部21，所述开口的一端延伸至所述缝隙23边缘形成第一端部311，所述第一端部311通过第一馈电组件34与所述第一接地端33连接。所述开口的另一端沿所述缝隙23延伸形成第二端部312，所述第二端部312通过所述第四馈电组件35与所述馈电端32连接。所述开口的另一端沿与所述第二端部312正交方向延伸至所述本体部22形成第三端部313。
所述第一馈电组34件包括：
-第一电感341
第一电感341，一端与所述第一接地端33连接，另一端与所述第一电容342连接。
-第一电容342
第一电容342，一端与所述第一电感341连接，另一端与所述第一端部311连接。所述第一电容342与所述第一电感341在工作时处于串联谐振状态。
所述第四馈电组件35包括：
-第二电感351
第二电感351，设于所述缝隙23内，且排列方向与所述第二端部312相同。所述第二电感351一端与所述信号源352串接，另一端与所述第三端部313连接。
-信号源352
信号源352，一端与所述馈电端32连接，另一端与所述第二电感351连接。所述信号源32发出某个频率的电信号，在所述天线10内产生谐振，通过所述第一辐射体31以电磁波形式发射。
所述第五馈电组件37包括：
-第二电容371
第二电容371，一端与所述第二接地端36连接，另一端与所述第三端部313连接。
所述第二馈电组件43包括：
-第三电感431
第三电感431，一端与所述第四接地端42连接，另一端与所述第三电容432连接。
-第三电容432
第三电容432，一端与所述第二辐射体41连接，另一端与所述第三电感431连接。所述第三电容432与所述第三电感431工作在串联谐振状态。
所述第三馈电组件53包括：
-切换开关531
切换开关531，包括固定端和选择端，所述固定端与所述第三接地端52连接，所述选择端分别与所述第四电容532、接地电阻533连接。所述切换开关531连接所述第四电容532、接地电阻533中的一项，使得所述第三辐射体51处于电容接地或电阻接地状态，间接使得天线10处于不同的工作状态。
-第四电容532
第四电容532，一端与所述第三辐射体51连接，另一端与所述切换开关531的选择端连接，根据所述切换开关531的工作状态处于接地或悬空状态。
-接地电阻533
接地电阻533，一端与所述第三辐射体51连接，另一端与所述切换开关531的选择端连接，根据所述切换开关531的工作状态处于接地或悬空状态。很容易看出，所述接地电阻533与所述第四电容532并接于所述第三辐射体51，根据所述切换开关531的工作状态分别接地。
作为所述天线10的进一步改进，所述第一电感341、第三电感431为可调电感，所述第二电容371为可调电容。本实施例选用可调元器件作为上述电感、电容的选型要求，使得所述第一电感341、第三电感431的电感值可变化，所述第二电容371的电容值可变化。所述电感值、电容值的变化，使得所述天线10的谐振频率发生变化，因此调节所述电感值、电容值，可以使所述天线10工作在不同的频率上。
参阅图4，为符合本发明另一优选实施例中移动终端的天线的结构示意图，所述移动终端包括：
-第一天线60
所述第一天线60与所述天线10构造相同，设于所述移动终端上端左侧，可覆盖多个频段。
-第二天线70
所述第二天线70与所述第一天线60构造相同，设于所述移动终端上端右侧，与所述第一天线60呈轴向对称，可覆盖多个频段。
本实施例中，所述移动终端内设有成对的两个天线，所述第一天线60和第二天线70 的工作状态可以互换，例如所述第一天线60工作在发射状态，所述第二天线70工作在接收状态。此外，还可以根据两者的信号辐射状况择优选择性能较好的天线工作，这是由于所述移动终端常常被用户手持，被手持遮挡的区域往往电磁波辐射性能较差，因而设置成对天线使得至少有一个天线处于不被遮挡的状态，保证所述移动终端的通信性能。
参阅图5，为符合本发明一优选实施例中移动终端的天线辐射效率实验结果示意图，展示了3种调频状态下的辐射效率实验结果，分别是第一辐射效率曲线81、第二辐射效率曲线82和第三辐射效率曲线83。图5中，横坐标为频率，单位为MHz，即兆赫兹，横坐标轴范围为600MHz～2670MHz；纵坐标为辐射效率，单位为dB，纵坐标轴范围为-1dB～-6dB。
所述第一辐射效率曲线81在780MHz～960MHz、1950MHz～2670MHz频段处有较好的辐射效率，在该调频状态下，所述天线10在低频段和高频段性能较好。
所述第二辐射效率曲线82在700MHz～780MHz、1710MHz～2310MHz频段处有较好的辐射效率，在该调频状态下，所述天线10在中频段和高频段性能较好。
所述第三辐射效率曲线83在600MHz～650MHz、860MHz～1000MHz、1650MHz～2250MHz频段处有较好的辐射效率，在该调频状态下，所述天线10在中频段性能较好。
参阅图6，为符合本发明一优选实施例中移动终端的天线频带响应实验结果示意图，展示了3种调频状态下的频带响应实验结果，分别是第一频带响应曲线91、第二频带响应曲线92和第三频带响应曲线93。图6中，横坐标为频率，范围为500MHz～3000MHz；纵坐标为频带响应参数。
所述第一频带响应曲线91在1050MHz～1950MHz、2200MHz～2400MHz、2700MHz～3000MHz频段处有较好的频带响应，在该调频状态下，所述天线10在中频段性能较好，在高频段响应范围较窄。
所述第二频带响应曲线92在800MHz～1800MHz、2100MHz～3000MHz频段处有较好的频带响应，在该调频状态下，所述天线10在中频段和高频段性能较好，在低频段有显著地响应衰减。
所述第三频带响应曲线93在650MHz～1700MHz、2100MHz～3000MHz频段处有较好的频带响应，在该调频状态下，所述天线10在低频段、中频段和高频段性能较好，响应范围较广。
由于图5、图6所列举的实验结果是在有限的预设条件下得到的，因此本发明涉及的 天线系统的技术效果并不限于图5和图6所示的实验结果。在实际应用中，所述天线系统10的调频参数会相应调整，会得到不同的通信技术性能。
应当注意的是，本发明的实施例有较佳的实施性，且并非对本发明作任何形式的限制，任何熟悉该领域的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容变更或修饰为等同的有效实施例，但凡未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何修改或等同变化及修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种移动终端的天线，所述移动终端具有金属外壳，所述金属外壳的端部经切割形成缝隙，所述金属外壳被缝隙分割为端部边缘一侧的窄体部和另一侧的本体部，其特征在于，
    所述天线包括第一谐振电路及第二谐振电路；
    所述第一谐振电路与所述缝隙耦合，包括第一辐射体、设于所述本体部的馈电端、设于本体部的第一接地端、第一馈电组件及第四馈电组件，构成环状天线单元；
    所述第二谐振电路与所述缝隙耦合，包括第二辐射体、设于所述本体部的第四接地端以及第二馈电组件，构成单极天线单元。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于，
    所述第一辐射体呈开口环状，设于所述窄体部，所述开口的一端延伸至所述缝隙边缘形成第一端部，所述第一端部通过第一馈电组件与所述第一接地端连接，所述第一馈电组件包括串接的第一电感和第一电容；
    所述开口的另一端沿所述缝隙延伸形成第二端部，所述第二端部通过所述第四馈电组件与所述馈电端连接，所述第四馈电组件包括串接的第二电感和信号源，所述第二电感设于所述缝隙内且排列方向与所述第二端部相同。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的天线，其特征在于，
    所述第一谐振电路还包括设于所述本体部的第二接地端；
    所述第一辐射体开口的另一端沿与所述第二端部正交方向延伸至所述本体部形成第三端部；
    所述第一谐振电路还包括第五馈电组件，所述第五馈电组件还包括第二电容，所述第三端部通过所述第二电容与所述第二接地端连接。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于，
    所述第二辐射体为单极型；
    所述第二馈电组件包括串接的第三电感和第三电容。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的天线，其特征在于，
    所述天线还包括接地切换电路，与所述缝隙耦合，所述接地切换电路包括第三辐射体、设于所述本体部的第三接地端及第三馈电组件。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的天线，其特征在于，
    所述第三辐射体为单极型；
    所述第三馈电组件包括切换开关、第四电容及接地电阻，所述第四电容和接地电阻并接于所述第三辐射体，所述切换开关选择所述第四电容或接地电阻与所述第三接地端连接。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的天线，其特征在于，
    所述第一电感、第三电感为可调电感，所述第二电容为可调电容。
  8. 一种移动终端，特征在于，包括如权利要求1-7任一项所述的天线。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的移动终端，其特征在于，
    所述移动终端内设有第一天线和第二天线，两者结构相同且轴向对称。
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