WO2018228219A1 - 路面发电单元及系统 - Google Patents

路面发电单元及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018228219A1
WO2018228219A1 PCT/CN2018/089506 CN2018089506W WO2018228219A1 WO 2018228219 A1 WO2018228219 A1 WO 2018228219A1 CN 2018089506 W CN2018089506 W CN 2018089506W WO 2018228219 A1 WO2018228219 A1 WO 2018228219A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
road surface
solar cell
surface power
power generating
cell chip
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PCT/CN2018/089506
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王运方
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北京铂阳顶荣光伏科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2018228219A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018228219A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S30/00—Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/10—Supporting structures directly fixed to the ground
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30—Electrical components
    • H02S40/32—Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30—Electrical components
    • H02S40/34—Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30—Electrical components
    • H02S40/36—Electrical components characterised by special electrical interconnection means between two or more PV modules, e.g. electrical module-to-module connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30—Electrical components
    • H02S40/38—Energy storage means, e.g. batteries, structurally associated with PV modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a solar power generation technology, in particular to a road surface power generation unit and system.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a road surface power generation unit and system, which solves the problems in the prior art by covering a solar cell chip with a glass layer and connecting the solar cell chip and the glass layer by glue. At the same time, improve the tolerance of the road.
  • the utility model provides a road surface power generation unit, which comprises:
  • the concrete layer being a bottom layer of the road surface power generating unit
  • a solar cell chip fixedly disposed on the concrete layer; the solar cell chip and the concrete layer are bonded by a sealant layer provided;
  • a glass layer is coated on the solar cell chip, and the glass layer and the solar cell chip are fixed by adhesive bonding.
  • the glass layer is tempered glass or plexiglass.
  • each of the road surface power generating units includes one solar cell chip.
  • the road surface power generating unit as described above, wherein, preferably, the road surface power generating unit further includes a cable and a junction box;
  • the cable is electrically connected to the solar cell chip through the junction box;
  • the cable and the junction box are disposed between the solar cell chip and the concrete layer.
  • each of the road surface power generating units includes a plurality of solar battery chips.
  • the road surface power generating unit further includes a cable, a junction box, and a connector;
  • each of the solar cell chips is correspondingly provided with a junction box
  • One end of the cable is connected to the junction box, and the other end is connected to the connector;
  • the connector electrically connects cables connected to different junction boxes to realize series and/or parallel connection of a plurality of solar cell chips; and extracts positive and negative terminals of both ends of the solar cell strings after series and/or parallel connection ;
  • the cable and the junction box are disposed between the solar cell chip and the concrete layer;
  • the connector disposed between adjacent junction boxes is located between the solar cell chip and the concrete layer, and a connector located at both ends of the solar cell string is from the solar cell chip and the concrete layer
  • the side is extended sideways.
  • the road surface power generating unit as described above preferably, further comprising an edge strip that seals a side of the solar cell chip from a side of the glass layer.
  • the utility model also provides a road surface power generation system, comprising the road surface power generation unit provided by the utility model, the road surface power generation system further comprising a charging controller and a storage battery, wherein the road surface power generation unit generates electricity through the charging control The device outputs to the battery to supply power to the powered device.
  • the utility model further provides a road surface power generation system, which comprises two or more road surface power generation units provided by the utility model, the road surface power generation system further comprises a convergence device and an inverter, wherein the road surface power generation unit is connected in series After that, power generation is performed, and current is collected by the current collecting device and output to the inverter, and is inverted by the inverter and output to the power grid.
  • a road surface power generation system which comprises two or more road surface power generation units provided by the utility model, the road surface power generation system further comprises a convergence device and an inverter, wherein the road surface power generation unit is connected in series After that, power generation is performed, and current is collected by the current collecting device and output to the inverter, and is inverted by the inverter and output to the power grid.
  • the adjacent two road surface power generating units are sealed by glue, and the connector is sealed in the glue.
  • the road surface power generation unit provided by the utility model provides a solar cell chip on the concrete layer, and covers the glass layer on the solar cell chip, and passes the glue between the glass layer and the solar cell chip, and between the solar cell chip and the concrete layer. Or rubber seal, to ensure the pressure resistance of the road surface, to ensure the life of the road surface power unit, while achieving efficient power generation, easy to install, weather resistant and waterproof, and improve the road surface tolerance.
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan view showing a structure of a road surface power generating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a road surface power generating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a road surface power generation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a road surface power generation system according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a road surface power generating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a road surface power generating unit 100 including a concrete layer 110, a solar cell chip 120, and a glass layer 130.
  • the road surface power generating unit 100 can be used for a newly built road surface, and the concrete layer 110 is a bottom layer of the road surface power generating unit, and in actual application, it can be a top layer of the foundation road surface.
  • the solar cell chip 120 is fixedly disposed on the concrete layer 110, and the solar cell chip 120 and the concrete layer 110 are bonded by a sealant layer provided thereon; the glass layer 130 is covered on the solar cell chip 120, and the glass layer 130 and the solar cell chip 120 are disposed. They are fixed by adhesive bonding.
  • the power generation material of the solar cell chip 120 may be a crystalline silicon material typified by single crystal or polycrystal, or a flexible material typified by copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS), which has a certain bendability and is strong. The characteristics of the anti-stress deformation.
  • CGS copper indium gallium selenide
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a road surface power generating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG.
  • the solar cell chip 120 may be bonded to the concrete layer 110 by a glue 150, preferably by a resin glue.
  • the glass layer 130 and the solar cell chip 120 may also be bonded and fixed by a glue 140, preferably by UV-free adhesive bonding.
  • the glass layer 130 may be tempered glass or plexiglass (PMMA).
  • the road surface power generation unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention provides a solar cell chip on the concrete layer and covers the glass layer on the solar cell chip, thereby achieving high-efficiency power generation, being easy to install, weatherproof and waterproof, and improving road surface tolerance. degree.
  • the solar cell chip 120 can adopt a CIGS battery chip, has high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and has good weak photoelectric power generation characteristics, so that power can be generated under all weather conditions. Moreover, the CIGS battery chip has a good stress-bending property, and the solar cell chip is not damaged in a complicated situation such as conducted vibration and temporary deformation of the road surface.
  • CIGS battery chips can be packaged and mounted using soft, corrosion-resistant surface materials. Specifically, ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer) can be used for component packaging.
  • ETFE ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer
  • the solar cell chip can also use a bypass diode to shield the non-power generation area when the light-receiving surface is blocked or damaged, and to ensure continuous power generation in the normal light-receiving area, which is suitable for application in a road scene with complicated occlusion conditions.
  • the construction is convenient.
  • the road surface power generating unit in this embodiment further includes a cable and a junction box connected to the solar cell chip, wherein the cable is electrically connected to the solar chip through the junction box; the junction box is used to connect a solar energy The current of the battery chip is collected and derived.
  • a junction box is disposed on each of the solar cell chips, and the junction box includes a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal for connecting an external device to supply power to the external device.
  • the road surface power generating unit may further include a connector for connecting to the junction box of the solar cell chip through a cable. And electrically connecting the junction boxes of the solar cell chips to realize series and/or parallel connection of the plurality of solar cell chips. That is, one end of the cable is connected to the junction box on the solar cell chip, and the other end is connected to the connector.
  • the connector electrically connects the cables connected to the different junction boxes, realizes series and/or parallel connection of the plurality of solar cell chips, and extracts the positive and negative terminals of both ends of the solar cell strings after series and/or parallel connection.
  • a connector which passes the positive electrode on one of the solar cell chip junction boxes and the negative electrode on the junction box of the other solar cell chip
  • the cables are electrically connected to realize the series connection of two solar cell chips, and so on, and a plurality of solar cell chips are connected in series, and finally, the solar cell chip strings of one end are respectively arranged at the two ends of the solar cell chip strings after the series connection.
  • the positive electrode is taken out, and the negative electrode of the solar cell chip string at the other end is taken out.
  • the connectors each include a connector between the junction boxes of two adjacent solar cell chips, and a connector for taking out the positive and negative terminals of the both ends of the solar cell chip in series and in parallel.
  • the road surface power generating unit in this embodiment further includes a cable 122, a junction box 123 and a connector 121 connected to the solar cell chip 120.
  • the cable 122 and the junction box 123 are disposed between the solar cell chip 120 and the concrete layer 110, and the connector 121 protrudes from the side between the solar cell chip 120 and the concrete layer 110.
  • the sealant layer between the solar cell chip 120 and the concrete layer 110 may be a resin sealant layer, and preferably, a resin sealant layer seals the junction box 123 and the cable 122 therein.
  • the solar cell chip 120 adopts the wiring pattern of the back-out line, uses an anti-aging cable, adopts a modular road surface, and internal wiring, which improves the use environment of the cable and improves the life of the cable.
  • the road surface power generation unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used as a single road block.
  • multiple road blocks are spliced, in order to avoid bumping between the road block and the road block, the battery chip is leaked.
  • an edge strip 160 is further provided, and the edge strip 160 seals the side of the solar cell chip 120 from the side of the glass layer 130.
  • the edge strip 160 may be a metal edge strip or may be made of other materials.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a road surface power generation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a road surface power generation system, including the road surface power generation unit 100 provided by any embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power generation system further includes a charge controller 200 and a battery 300.
  • the road surface power generation unit 100 generates electricity to output current to the battery 300 through the charge controller 200 to supply power to the power device 400.
  • the number of solar cell chips included in the road surface power generating unit is not limited, and may be set according to actual conditions. For example, when the road surface power generating unit is powered by a separate and separated power light with a small power consumption. Only one solar cell chip can be set; when it is necessary to supply power for the signage, charging pile or communication monitoring setting, since the above-mentioned electric equipment requires more electric power, optionally, each road surface generating unit can include more Solar battery chips. In the application scenario of the larger power demand, in this embodiment, multiple road surface power generation units can be connected in series and parallel to realize multi-scene application.
  • each of the road surface power generating units 100 may include 1 to 10 solar battery chips 120.
  • each of the road surface power generating units 100 includes four solar battery chips 120, and the powering equipment 400 may include a landscape light and an indication. Cards, charging piles and communication monitoring facilities.
  • the above-described road surface power generation system may further include an energy storage battery 500 for storing electrical energy.
  • the energy storage battery 500 can adopt a lithium battery, collects surplus solar power under the sunshine condition, provides additional energy security when the solar power is insufficient, and the lithium battery has good adaptability to high and low temperature environments.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a road surface power generation system according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a road surface power generation system, which includes two or more embodiments provided by any embodiment of the present invention.
  • the road surface power generation unit 100 further includes a current collecting device 600 and an inverter 700.
  • the road surface power generating unit 100 is connected in series to generate power, and the current is collected by the current collecting device 600 and output to the inverter 700, and after being inverted by the inverter 700. It is output to the power grid 800, which can supply power to the road surface and roadside equipment. It can also supply power generation facilities for nearby power facilities and buildings, and solve the demand for nearby power equipment.
  • the adjacent two road surface power generating units 100 are sealed by glue, and the connector 121 is sealed in the glue, thereby preventing the connector 121 from being bumped and environmentally corroded, thereby improving the service life of the connector 121.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种路面发电单元(100)及系统，该路面发电单元包括混凝土层(110)，混凝土层为路面发电单元的底层；太阳能电池芯片(120)，固定设置在混凝土层上；太阳能电池芯片与混凝土层之间通过设置的密封胶层粘接；玻璃层(130)，覆盖在太阳能电池芯片上，玻璃层与太阳能电池芯片之间通过胶(140)粘接固定。该路面发电单元及系统通过在混凝土层上直接设置太阳能电池芯片，并在太阳能电池芯片上覆盖玻璃层，在实现高效发电的同时，又易于安装，耐候防水，提高了路面的耐受度。

Description

路面发电单元及系统
本申请要求于2017年6月12日提交中国专利局、申请号为201720677441.4、发明名称为“路面发电单元及系统”的国内申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本实用新型涉及太阳能发电技术，尤其涉及一种路面发电单元及系统。
背景技术
随着新能源技术的不断发展，分布式太阳能为人们提供了更为便捷的能源供应。分布式太阳能发电需要一定的平面或者立面空间作为场地载体。
目前，交通领域中使用了大量的照明、监控、指示等配套电气设施，用电需求明显，新建道路或改建道路的供电线路的架设任务愈加繁重；常见的灯杆支架式、地面支架式的太阳能产品安装方式既不美观，又占用了过多空间。交通领域中的太阳能应用除了服务设施屋顶面积外，尚有很多空间位置还可以应用太阳能发电设计。其中，非机动车道路占比很大，例如公园、步行街等，其路面可以进行太阳能利用，在其上铺设太阳能电池芯片，使其成为景观设施、照明、监控、信息警示等功能的集成载体。
但是，由于铺设了太阳能电池芯片的路面经常被踩踏和磕碰，导致路面耐受度较差，且在长时间使用后，影响太阳能电池芯片的光吸收率。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的是提供一种路面发电单元及系统，通过在太阳能电池芯片上覆盖玻璃层，并通过胶将太阳能电池芯片与玻璃层进行连接，以解决现有技术中的问题，在高效发电的同时，提高路面的耐受度。
本实用新型提供了一种路面发电单元，其中，包括：
混凝土层，所述混凝土层为路面发电单元的底层；
太阳能电池芯片，固定设置在所述混凝土层上；所述太阳能电池芯片与所述混凝土层之间通过设置的密封胶层粘接；
玻璃层，覆盖在所述太阳能电池芯片上，所述玻璃层与所述太阳能电池芯片之间通过胶粘接固定。
如上所述的路面发电单元，其中，优选的是，所述太阳能电池芯片的发电材料为柔性材料。
如上所述的路面发电单元，其中，优选的是，所述玻璃层为钢化玻璃或有机玻璃。
如上所述的路面发电单元，其中，优选的是，每个所述路面发电单元包括一个太阳能电池芯片。
如上所述的路面发电单元，其中，优选的是，所述路面发电单元还包括线缆、接线盒；
其中，所述线缆通过所述接线盒与所述太阳能电池芯片电连接；
所述线缆和所述接线盒设置在所述太阳能电池芯片与所述混凝土层之间。
如上所述的路面发电单元，其中，优选的是，每个所述路面发电单元包括多个太阳能电池芯片。
如上所述的路面发电单元，其中，优选的是，所述路面发电单元还包括线缆、接线盒和接线器；
其中，每个所述太阳能电池芯片上对应设置一个接线盒；
所述线缆一端与所述接线盒连接，另一端与所述接线器连接；
所述接线器将与不同接线盒相连接的线缆进行电连接，实现多个太阳能电池芯片的串联和/或并联；以及将串联和/或并联后的太阳能电池串的两 端的正极和负极引出；
所述线缆和所述接线盒设置在所述太阳能电池芯片与所述混凝土层之间；
设置在相邻的接线盒之间的所述接线器位于所述太阳能电池芯片与所述混凝土层之间，位于所述太阳能电池串两端的接线器从所述太阳能电池芯片与所述混凝土层之间的旁侧伸出。
如上所述的路面发电单元，其中，优选的是，所述密封胶层将所述接线盒和所述线缆密封在所述密封胶层中。
如上所述的路面发电单元，其中，优选的是，还包括封边条，所述封边条将所述太阳能电池芯片的边侧与所述玻璃层的边侧密封。
本实用新型还提供了一种路面发电系统，其中，包括本实用新型提供的路面发电单元，所述路面发电系统还包括充电控制器和蓄电池，所述路面发电单元发电将电流通过所述充电控制器输出到所述蓄电池，以向用电设备供电。
本实用新型又提供了一种路面发电系统，其中，包括两个或两个以上本实用新型提供的路面发电单元，所述路面发电系统还包括汇流装置和逆变器，所述路面发电单元串联后进行发电，通过所述汇流装置将电流汇集后输出到所述逆变器，经所述逆变器进行逆变后输出到电网。
如上所述的路面发电系统，其中，优选的是，相邻两个路面发电单元之间通过胶进行密封，所述接线器密封在胶内。
本实用新型提供的路面发电单元通过在混凝土层上设置太阳能电池芯片，并在太阳能电池芯片上覆盖玻璃层，在玻璃层与太阳能电池芯片之间、太阳能电池芯片与混凝土层之间均通过胶黏结或胶密封，保证了路面的抗压耐受度，保证了路面发电单元的寿命，在实现高效发电的同时，又易于安装，耐候防水，提高了路面的耐受度。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型实施例提供的路面发电单元的结构俯视图；
图2为本实用新型实施例提供的路面发电单元的断面图；
图3为图2中的A处放大图；
图4为本实用新型一种优选的实施例提供的路面发电系统的示意图；
图5为本实用新型另一种优选的实施例提供的路面发电系统的示意图。
附图标记说明：
100-路面发电单元 110-混凝土层 120-太阳能电池芯片 121-接线器 122-线缆 123-接线盒 130-玻璃层 140-胶 150-胶 160-封边条 200-充电控制器 300-蓄电池 400-用电设备 500-储能电池 600-汇流装置 700-逆变器 800-电网
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本实用新型的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本实用新型，而不能解释为对本实用新型的限制。
图1为本实用新型实施例提供的路面发电单元的结构俯视图，本实用新型实施例提供了一种路面发电单元100，包括混凝土层110、太阳能电池芯片120和玻璃层130。
该路面发电单元100可用于新建的路面，上述混凝土层110为路面发电单元的底层，实际应用时，可以是基础路面的顶层。太阳能电池芯片120固定设置在混凝土层110上，太阳能电池芯片120与混凝土层110之间通过设置的密封胶层粘接；玻璃层130覆盖在太阳能电池芯片120上，玻璃 层130与太阳能电池芯片120之间通过胶粘接固定。太阳能电池芯片120的发电材料可以是以单晶或多晶为代表的晶硅材料，也可以是以铜铟镓硒(CIGS)为代表的柔性材料，其具有一定的可弯曲性，有较强的抗应力形变的特征。
图2为本实用新型实施例提供的路面发电单元的断面图，图3为图2中的A处放大图。太阳能电池芯片120可通过胶150粘接在混凝土层110上，优选的可通过树脂胶进行粘接。玻璃层130与太阳能电池芯片120之间也可以通过胶140粘接固定，优选的可采用UV无影胶粘接。玻璃层130可以为钢化玻璃，也可以是有机玻璃(PMMA)。
本实用新型实施例提供的路面发电单元通过在混凝土层上设置太阳能电池芯片，并在太阳能电池芯片上覆盖玻璃层，在实现高效发电的同时，又易于安装，耐候防水，提高了路面的耐受度。
太阳能电池芯片120可采用CIGS电池芯片，具有较高的光电转化效率，良好的弱光电发电特性，因此可在全天候条件下发电。而且CIGS电池芯片具有很好的应力可弯曲的特点，在传导的振动、路面暂时性形变等复杂情况下，太阳能电池芯片不会被损坏。CIGS电池芯片可采用软性耐腐蚀表面材料进行封装和安装工艺。具体可采用ETFE(乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物)进行组件封装。使用紫外线高强度UV无影胶以及PMMA玻璃层进行路面安装，耐飞沙走石而不会被击碎，耐盐碱，适应道路融雪剂腐蚀环境。该太阳能电池芯片还可以采用旁路二极管，在受光面被遮挡或损坏时，屏蔽掉不发电区域，保证正常受光区持续发电，适合在遮挡情况复杂的道路场景下应用。
本实用新型实施例中由于太阳能电池芯片120直接粘接在混凝土层110上，便捷了施工。
本实施例中路面发电单元还包括与太阳能电池芯片相连接的线缆和接线盒，其中，所述线缆通过所述接线盒与所述太阳能芯片电连接；所述接 线盒用于将一个太阳能电池芯片的电流集合并导出。每个太阳能电池芯片上均对应设置一个接线盒，所述接线盒包括一个正极输出端和一个负极输出端，用于连接外部设备，为所述外部设备供电。
需要说明的是，当太阳能电池芯片的数量为多个，需要进行串联或者并联的情况下，路面发电单元还可以包括接线器，所述接线器用于通过线缆连接至太阳能电池芯片的接线盒上，并将太阳能电池芯片的接线盒之间进行电性连接，实现多个太阳能电池芯片的串联和/或并联。也即，线缆的一端与太阳能电池芯片上的接线盒连接，另一端与所述接线器连接。接线器将与不同接线盒相连接的线缆进行电连接，实现多个太阳能电池芯片的串联和/或并联，以及将串联和/或并联后的太阳能电池串的两端的正极和负极引出。例如，当多个太阳能电池芯片串联时，相邻两个太阳能电池芯片中，设置接线器，该接线器将其中一个太阳能电池芯片接线盒的正极与另一个太阳能电池芯片的接线盒上的负极通过线缆电性连接，从而实现两个太阳能电池芯片的串联，依次类推，串联多个太阳能电池芯片，最终再在串联后的太阳能电池芯片串的两端分别设置接线器将一端的太阳能电池芯片串的正极引出，将另一端的太阳能电池芯片串的负极引出。多个太阳能电池芯片并联，或者串联后再并联后，以及并联后再串联的情况与串联情况相似，本实施例中对此不做详细赘述。接线器均包括位于相邻两个太阳能电池芯片的接线盒之间的接线器，以及用于将太阳能电池芯片串并联后的两端的正极和负极引出的接线器。
优选的是，请参见图2和图3，本实施例中路面发电单元还包括与太阳能电池芯片120相连接的线缆122、接线盒123和接线器121。线缆122和接线盒123设置在太阳能电池芯片120与混凝土层110之间，接线器121从太阳能电池芯片120与混凝土层110之间的旁侧伸出。太阳能电池芯片120与混凝土层110之间的密封胶层可以是树脂密封胶层，优选地，树脂密封胶层将接线盒123和线缆122密封在其中。太阳能电池芯片120采用背出线的布线形式，使用抗老化线缆，并采用模块化路面，内部走线，改 善了电缆的使用环境，提高了线缆的寿命。
本实用新型实施例提供的路面发电单元作为一个单独的路块使用，当多个路块进行拼接时，为了避免路块与路块之间发生磕碰，致使电池芯片外漏，优选的是，请参见图2和图3，还设置有封边条160，封边条160将太阳能电池芯片120的边侧与玻璃层130的边侧密封。该封边条160可以是金属封边条，也可以是其他材质制成。
图4为本实用新型一种优选的实施例提供的路面发电系统的示意图，本实用新型实施例还提供了一种路面发电系统，包括本实用新型任意实施例提供的路面发电单元100，该路面发电系统还包括充电控制器200和蓄电池300，路面发电单元100发电将电流通过充电控制器200输出到蓄电池300，以向用电设备400供电。
本实施例中对路面发电单元中包含的太阳能电池芯片的数量不做限定，可以根据实际情况进行设置，例如该路面发电单元在为单独设置且分离的、用电量较小的景观灯供电时，可以仅设置一个太阳能电池芯片即可；当需要为指示牌、充电桩或通信监控设置进行供电时，由于上述用电设备所需电量较多，可选的，每个路面发电单元可以包括多个太阳能电池芯片。在更大用电需求的应用场景中，本实施例中还可以通过多个路面发电单元进行串并联，实现多场景应用。
可选的，每个路面发电单元100可包括1至10个太阳能电池芯片120，本实施例中，每个路面发电单元100包括4个太阳能电池芯片120，用电设备400可以包括景观灯、指示牌、充电桩及通信监控设施等。
上述路面发电系统还可以包括储能电池500，用于储存电能。储能电池500可采用锂电池，在日照条件下收集剩余太阳能发电，在太阳能发电不足时提供额外的能源保障，锂电池对高低温环境有较好的适应性。
图5为本实用新型另一种优选的实施例提供的路面发电系统的示意图，本实用新型实施例还提供了一种路面发电系统，其包括两个或两个以 上本实用新型任意实施例提供的路面发电单元100，还包括汇流装置600和逆变器700，路面发电单元100串联后进行发电，通过汇流装置600将电流汇集后输出到逆变器700，经逆变器700进行逆变后输出到电网800，可以为路面、路侧的设备供电，也可以供给附近用电设施及建筑的发电系统，解决了附近用电设备的需求。
优选的是，相邻两个路面发电单元100之间通过胶进行密封，上述接线器121密封在胶内，由此避免了接线器121受到磕碰以及环境腐蚀，提高了接线器121的使用寿命。
以上依据图式所示的实施例详细说明了本实用新型的构造、特征及作用效果，以上所述仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例，但本实用新型不以图面所示限定实施范围，凡是依照本实用新型的构想所作的改变，或修改为等同变化的等效实施例，仍未超出说明书与图示所涵盖的精神时，均应在本实用新型的保护范围内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种路面发电单元，其特征在于，包括：
    混凝土层，所述混凝土层为所述路面发电单元的底层；
    太阳能电池芯片，固定设置在所述混凝土层上；所述太阳能电池芯片与所述混凝土层之间通过设置的密封胶层粘接；
    玻璃层，覆盖在所述太阳能电池芯片上，所述玻璃层与所述太阳能电池芯片之间通过胶粘接固定。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的路面发电单元，其特征在于，所述太阳能电池芯片的发电材料为柔性材料。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的路面发电单元，其特征在于，所述玻璃层为钢化玻璃或有机玻璃。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的路面发电单元，其特征在于，每个所述路面发电单元包括一个太阳能电池芯片。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的路面发电单元，其特征在于，所述路面发电单元还包括线缆、接线盒；
    其中，所述线缆通过所述接线盒与所述太阳能电池芯片电连接；
    所述线缆和所述接线盒设置在所述太阳能电池芯片与所述混凝土层之间。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的路面发电单元，其特征在于，每个所述路面发电单元包括多个太阳能电池芯片。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的路面发电单元，其特征在于，所述路面发电单元还包括线缆、接线盒和接线器；
    其中，每个所述太阳能电池芯片上对应设置一个接线盒；
    所述线缆一端与所述接线盒连接，另一端与所述接线器连接；
    所述接线器将与不同接线盒相连接的线缆进行电连接，实现多个太阳能电池芯片的串联和/或并联；以及将串联和/或并联后的太阳能电池串的两端的正极和负极引出；
    所述线缆和所述接线盒设置在所述太阳能电池芯片与所述混凝土层之间；
    设置在相邻的接线盒之间的所述接线器位于所述太阳能电池芯片与所述混凝土层之间，位于所述太阳能电池串两端的接线器从所述太阳能电池芯片与所述混凝土层之间的旁侧伸出。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的路面发电单元，其特征在于，所述密封胶层将所述接线盒和所述线缆密封在所述密封胶层中。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的路面发电单元，其特征在于，还包括封边条，所述封边条将所述太阳能电池芯片的边侧与所述玻璃层的边侧密封。
  10. 一种路面发电系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-9任一项所述的路面发电单元，所述路面发电系统还包括充电控制器和蓄电池，所述路面发电单元发电将电流通过所述充电控制器输出到所述蓄电池，以向用电设备供电。
  11. 一种路面发电系统，其特征在于，包括两个或两个以上如权利要求1-9任一项所述的路面发电单元，所述路面发电系统还包括汇流装置和逆变器，所述路面发电单元串联后进行发电，通过所述汇流装置将电流汇集后输出到所述逆变器，经所述逆变器进行逆变后输出到电网。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的路面发电系统，其特征在于，相邻两个路面发电单元之间通过胶进行密封，所述接线器密封在胶内。
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